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(min-width:1024px){.lg\:sr-only{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border-width:0;height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.lg\:visible{visibility:visible}.lg\:static{position:static}.lg\:absolute{position:absolute}.lg\:relative{position:relative}.lg\:bottom-0{bottom:0}.lg\:left-0{left:0}.lg\:right-2{right:.5rem}.lg\:right-2\.5{right:.625rem}.lg\:top-full{top:100%}.lg\:z-10{z-index:10}.lg\:order-none{order:0}.lg\:float-right{float:right}.lg\:mx-0{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.lg\:mb-0{margin-bottom:0}.lg\:mb-10{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.lg\:mb-14{margin-bottom:3.5rem}.lg\:mb-32{margin-bottom:8rem}.lg\:mb-\[275px\]{margin-bottom:275px}.lg\:ml-2{margin-left:.5rem}.lg\:mt-2{margin-top:.5rem}.lg\:mt-20{margin-top:5rem}.lg\:\!block{display:block!important}.lg\:block{display:block}.lg\:flex{display:flex}.lg\:inline-flex{display:inline-flex}.lg\:grid{display:grid}.lg\:hidden{display:none}.lg\:h-1\/2{height:50%}.lg\:h-auto{height:auto}.lg\:h-full{height:100%}.lg\:max-h-24{max-height:6rem}.lg\:max-h-\[calc\(100vh_-_var\(--navbar\)_-_1rem\)\]{max-height:calc(100vh 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span:before{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-bg-opacity));border-radius:inherit;content:"";display:inherit;height:inherit;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;transform-origin:center;transition:transform .45s cubic-bezier(.45,.45,.37,1.36);width:inherit}.header-module--toggler--2389f span:before{transform:translateY(-.45rem)}.header-module--toggler--2389f span:after{transform:translateY(.45rem)}@media (min-width:640px){.header-module--toggler--2389f span:before{transform:translateY(-.5rem)}.header-module--toggler--2389f span:after{transform:translateY(.5rem)}}.header-module--toggler--2389f[aria-expanded=true] span{transform:translate(1rem)}.header-module--toggler--2389f[aria-expanded=true] span:before{transform:translate(-1rem) rotate(135deg)}.header-module--toggler--2389f[aria-expanded=true] span:after{transform:translate(-1rem) rotate(-135deg)}@media (min-width:1024px){.header-module--navbarItems--065d7{transition-property:none}.header-module--navbarItems--065d7 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0-.851-.163-1.177-.49A1.605 1.605 0 0 1 1.667 15V5c0-.458.163-.85.49-1.177.326-.326.718-.49 1.177-.49h13.333c.458 0 .85.164 1.177.49.326.326.49.719.49 1.177v10c0 .459-.163.85-.49 1.177-.326.327-.719.49-1.177.49H3.334ZM10 10.687a.867.867 0 0 0 .438-.125l5.896-3.687a.69.69 0 0 0 .333-.604.68.68 0 0 0-.354-.625c-.236-.139-.48-.132-.73.02L10 9.167l-5.583-3.5c-.25-.152-.493-.155-.73-.01a.686.686 0 0 0-.353.615c0 .139.027.26.083.365a.557.557 0 0 0 .25.24l5.896 3.687a.868.868 0 0 0 .437.125Z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div class="order-1 lg:self-center lg:order-none lg:pl-8"><div class="overflow-hidden rounded-lg aspect-w-16 aspect-h-9 bg-primary-alpha-3"><picture><source srcSet="https://uploads.sitepoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/1697843489style-html-details-element-300x190.jpg" media="(max-width: 500px)"/><img src="https://uploads.sitepoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/1697843489style-html-details-element.jpg" alt="20 Simple Ways to Style the HTML details Element" height="379" width="600" class="object-cover object-center w-full h-full"/></picture></div></div></div><div class="flex flex-col py-8 border-t-neutral-5 md:space-x-6 lg:py-16 lg:border-t lg:flex-row"><div class="flex flex-col order-2 lg:order-none lg:container-post-content xl:flex-row"><div class="xl:container-post-toc xl:pr-4"><div class="mb-16 overflow-y-auto font-medium xl:sticky-dock xl:max-h-screen-dock xl:mb-0"><button class="w-full flex justify-between items-baseline p-6 rounded-2xl bg-neutral-3 text-left xl:bg-transparent xl:p-0 xl:rounded-none"><span class="block text-3 text-neutral-12 xl:mb-4">Table of Contents</span><span class="block transition-transform duration-300 rotate-180 xl:hidden"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="chevron-down" class="svg-inline--fa fa-chevron-down " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M233.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l192-192c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L256 338.7 86.6 169.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l192 192z"></path></svg></span></button><ul class="mb-0 rounded-b-2xl p-6 -mt-6 bg-neutral-3 space-y-4 xl:bg-transparent xl:p-0 xl:mt-0 xl:rounded-none block"><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#h-key-takeaways" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Key Takeaways</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#introducingthedetailselement" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Introducing the details Element</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#backgroundcolorsbordersandpadding" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Background Colors, Borders and Padding</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#stylingthemarker" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Styling the Marker</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#creatingacustommarkerforthesummaryelement" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Creating a Custom Marker for the summary Element</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#miscellaneousextras" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Miscellaneous Extras</a></li><li class="font-normal text-2"><a href="#conclusion" class="underline underline-offset-2 text-neutral-alpha-11 hover:text-neutral-alpha-12">Conclusion</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="w-full space-y-16 xl:container-post-body"><div class="post-body rich-text"> <div class="inline-content"></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-key-takeaways">Key Takeaways</h2> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Enhance the visual appeal of the `<details>` element by adding borders, padding, and background colors to distinguish it from other content.</details></li> <li>Customize the default marker of the `<summary>` element using CSS properties for color, spacing, and shape, or replace it with custom characters or images.</summary></li> <li>Utilize CSS pseudo-elements like `::after` to create dynamic, custom markers that can be animated or styled independently from the `<summary>` text.</summary></li> <li>Experiment with hover effects, animations, and content transitions within the `<details>` element to enrich user interaction and visual engagement.</details></li> <li>Address accessibility and usability by modifying focus styles and cursor types, ensuring that the element is user-friendly across different browsing methods.</li> </ul> <p><strong>In this article, we’ll look at some simple ways to style the HTML <code><details></code> element, which is a very useful element for revealing and hiding bits of content on a web page.</strong></p> <p>It’s handy to have a simple disclosure element in HTML that doesn’t require JavaScript, but the default styling of the <code><details></code> element might be a turn-off for some. Fortunately, it’s quite easy to change the styling of this element.</p> <p>The table of contents below is an example of the <code><details></code> element in use. We’ve added a simple border to it, along with some padding.</p> <details style="padding: 10px; border: 5px solid #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem;"> <summary>Table of Contents</summary> <ul style="margin-top: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: .25rem;"> <li><a href="#introducingthedetailselement">Introducing the details Element</a></li> <li><a href="#backgroundcolorsbordersandpadding">Background Colors, Borders and Padding</a> <ul style="margin-bottom:0"> <li><a href="#addingaborder">Adding a border</a></li> <li><a href="#addingsomebackgroundcolor">Adding some background color</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#stylingthemarker">Styling the Marker</a> <ul style="margin-bottom:0"> <li><a href="#changingthemarkercolor">Changing the marker color</a></li> <li><a href="#changingthemarkerspacing">Changing the marker spacing</a></li> <li><a href="#changingthemarkershape">Changing the marker shape</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#creatingacustommarkerforthesummaryelement">Creating a Custom Marker for the summary Element</a> <ul style="margin-bottom:0"> <li><a href="#removingthecustommarker">Removing the custom marker</a></li> <li><a href="#usingabackgroundimageasamarker">Using a background image as a marker</a></li> <li><a href="#usingabackgroundimageasamarkerwithafter">Using a background image as a marker with ::after</a></li> <li><a href="#makingthesummaryelementlooklikeatab">Making the summary element look like a tab</a></li> <li><a href="#limitingthewidthofthedetailselement">Limiting the width of the details element</a></li> <li><a href="#placingthemarkerarrowatthefarendofthesummary">Placing the marker arrow at the far end of the summary</a></li> <li><a href="#usingafterasamarkerwithoutabackgroundimage">Using ::after as a marker without a background image</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#miscellaneousextras">Miscellaneous Extras</a> <ul style="margin-bottom:0"> <li><a href="#hovereffectonthedetailselement">Hover effect on the details element</a></li> <li><a href="#animatingtheopeningandclosingofthedetailselement">Animating the opening and closing of the details element</a></li> <li><a href="#changingsummarycontentinopenandclosedstates">Changing summary content in open and closed states</a></li> <li><a href="#changingthesummarycursor">Changing the summary cursor</a></li> <li><a href="#changingtheaccessibilityfocusstyles">Changing the accessibility focus styles</a></li> <li><a href="#usingmultipledetailselementslikeanaccordionlist">Using multiple details elements like an accordion list</a></li> <li><a href="#stylingaheadinginsidethesummary">Styling a heading inside the summary</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></li> </ul> </details> <h2 id="introducingthedetailselement">Introducing the details Element</h2> <p>Here’s the basic code for the <code><details></code> element:</p> <pre class="language-markup"><code class="markup language-markup code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>details</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Click me!<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Peekaboo! Here's some hidden content!<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>details</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span></code></pre> <p>Basically any HTML content can be placed inside the <code><details></code> element. The <code><summary></code> element provides the prompt for the user to click on the element to reveal more content, and it must be the first child of the <code><details></code> element.</p> <p>Here’s a live example of this code:</p> <details style="margin: 1em 0;"> <summary>Click me!</summary> <p>Peekaboo! Here’s some hidden content!</p> </details> <p>Let’s look at all the ways we can use CSS to enhance the appearance of our <code><details></code> element.</p> <h2 id="backgroundcolorsbordersandpadding">Background Colors, Borders and Padding</h2> <p>A really simple way to enhance the look of the <code><details></code> element is to add some padding along with a border or some background colors.</p> <h3 id="addingaborder">Adding a border</h3> <p>As shown in the table of contents above, a simple border can do a lot to enhance and define the <code><details></code> element, along with some padding and a slight border radius:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token unit">px</span> solid <span class="token hexcode color">#f7f7f7</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>That’s the simple code we’ve used above to style our ToC.</p> <h3 id="addingsomebackgroundcolor">Adding some background color</h3> <p>Let’s add a background color to our <code><details></code> element instead of a border:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#e4eaef</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown in the Pen below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="400" data-slug-hash="qBgWXLm" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/qBgWXLm"> Styling the HTML details element: adding padding and a background color</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p> <script async src="https://cpwebassets.codepen.io/assets/embed/ei.js"></script></div> <!-- 1.html --> <p>The background color gives the element better definition, and the padding helps to create some space inside it.</p> <p>We can also give a different background color to the <code><summary></code> element to distinguish it from the rest of the content, and change its text color:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#2196F3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token color">white</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="400" data-slug-hash="bGzbrZZ" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/bGzbrZZ"> Styling the HTML details element: adding a background color to the summary element</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 2.html --> <p>Note that changing the text color of the <code><summary></code> element also changes the color of the marker arrow. That’s because the marker is actually attached to the <code><summary></code> element just as markers (such as bullets) are attached to list items. We’ll see below how to style them separately.</p> <h2 id="stylingthemarker">Styling the Marker</h2> <p>The <code><summary></code> element is set to a <code>display</code> of <code>list-item</code>. So the default arrow (▶) that comes with it can be altered just like the default markers on HTML list items. We can change the character that’s used, and independently change its color.</p> <h3 id="changingthemarkercolor">Changing the marker color</h3> <p>Let’s set the default marker to a different color. Just for fun, let’s also bump up the font size of the marker. We can do this with the <code>::marker</code> pseudo-element:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::marker</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#e162bf</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">font-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1.2</span><span class="token unit">em</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="450" data-slug-hash="NWoKvVV" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/NWoKvVV"> Styling the HTML details element: changing the marker color</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 3.html --> <p>It’s a nice, simple solution, although <code>::marker</code> unfortunately <em>isn’t supported in Safari</em>, so see other options below if that’s a dealbreaker.</p> <h3 id="changingthemarkerspacing">Changing the marker spacing</h3> <p>By default, the marker arrow is pretty close to the summary text. Its <code>list-style-position</code> is set to <code>inside</code>. If we change it to <code>outside</code>, we can add space between the summary text and the marker by adding some left padding. We also need to add some left margin so that the triangle doesn’t hang outside the container:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">list-style-position</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> outside<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">margin-left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">30</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border-radius</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="500" data-slug-hash="GRzKvVX" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/GRzKvVX"> Styling the HTML details element: spacing marker arrow and summary text</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 4.html --> <p>I’ve exaggerated the spacing between the arrow marker and the summary text just to make it obvious. Unfortunately, using <code>list-style-position: outside;</code> with the <code><summary></code> element doesn’t work in Safari. Fortunately, there are other options, as we’ll see below.</p> <h3 id="changingthemarkershape">Changing the marker shape</h3> <p>The marker on our <code><summary></code> element doesn’t have to be a triangle. We can replace it with any character we please:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">list-style-type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'⬇ '</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>Note that we’ve used <code>'⬇ '</code> (with a space next to the arrow), which is an alternative to the spacing we tried above.</p> <p>We now have a down arrow instead of a triangle. <strong>But …</strong> that down arrow won’t change when the <code><details></code> element is open. That’s because the <code><details></code> element has two states — <code>closed</code> and <code>open</code> — and we’ve only set the marker style for the <code>closed</code> state. So let’s also set a marker for the <code>open</code> state:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> <span class="token combinator">></span> summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">list-style-type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'⬆ '</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>This time, we’ve used an up-pointing arrow. This gives us the result shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="650" data-slug-hash="wvNwrwZ" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/wvNwrwZ"> Styling the HTML details element: changing the summary marker with list-style-type</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 5.html --> <p>Damn! Once again, Safari lets us down, as it doesn’t support <code>list-style-type</code> on the <code><summary></code> element either. Don’t despair, though, as we’ll look at fancier solutions below.</p> <p>We can try all sorts of other characters, such as + and –, ✓ and Χ or ✗, ⋁ and ⋀ , and even have fun with other characters like ★ or colorful fruits like 🍏 🍌 🍓 🍋 and 🍐, but remember that these characters may not work on all systems, so be a little careful, and once again, <code>list-style-type</code> certainly won’t work in Safari.</p> <h2 id="creatingacustommarkerforthesummaryelement">Creating a Custom Marker for the summary Element</h2> <p>As we saw above, even though we <em>can</em> set a different character for the default marker, and give it styles such as color and font size, there can be issues with doing so. A better option might be to remove the marker altogether and create a completely custom alternative.</p> <h3 id="removingthecustommarker">Removing the custom marker</h3> <p>As with list item markers, we can remove the marker altogether:</p> <div class="inline-content"></div> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">list-style</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> none<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">/* sigh, Safari again */</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::-webkit-details-marker</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> none<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The standard <code>list-style: none</code> works on all browsers except … (can you guess?) … Safari. At least there’s a proprietary <code>-webkit-</code> option in this case.</p> <p><em>Note: another way to remove the marker from the <code><summary></code> element is to give the <code><summary></code> element a <code>display</code> value of something other than <code>list-item</code> — such as <code>block</code> or <code>flex</code>. This works in every browser except … (do I even need to say it?) … Safari.</em></p> <p>Now our element has no marker.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="480" data-slug-hash="bGzboNy" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/bGzboNy"> Styling the HTML details element: a details element with no marker</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 6.html --> <p>Having no marker gives no visual prompt at all that this element is clickable, so it’s not a great idea to leave it at that.</p> <h3 id="usingabackgroundimageasamarker">Using a background image as a marker</h3> <p>We could place an image on the background, like so:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">list-style</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> none<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token url"><span class="token function">url</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>arrow.svg<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> no-repeat <span class="token number">14</span><span class="token unit">px</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token unit">%</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">font-weight</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> bold<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="480" data-slug-hash="qBgWPOV" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/qBgWPOV"> Styling the HTML details element: a background image on summary as marker</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 7.html --> <p>The downside of using a background image directly on the <code><summary></code> element is that we can’t rotate it when the <code><details></code> element is open, because <a href="https://www.sitepoint.com/css3-transform-background-image/">animations can’t be set directly on background images in CSS</a>. (We could, of course, use a different image for the open state, but we still couldn’t animate it, which is much more fun.) So if we’re going to use a background image, it’s better to place it on an element that <em>can</em> be rotated and/or animated.</p> <h3 id="usingabackgroundimageasamarkerwithafter">Using a background image as a marker with ::after</h3> <p>Let’s put the background image within an <code>::after</code> pseudo-element:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> flex<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token url"><span class="token function">url</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string url">'arrow.svg'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> cover<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">margin-left</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">.75</span><span class="token unit">em</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0.2</span><span class="token unit">s</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> <span class="token combinator">></span> summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">rotate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">180</span><span class="token unit">deg</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>Here’s a live demo of this code.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="650" data-slug-hash="gOqYGPZ" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/gOqYGPZ"> Styling the HTML details element: a background image on summary::after as marker</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 8.html --> <p>We’ve used <code>display: flex</code> on the <code><summary></code> element to make it easy to position the arrow horizontally.</p> <p>The nice thing about this setup is that we can add animation to the arrow. (The animation doesn’t seem to work in Safari, but the behavior is good enough, and I’m getting a bit fed up with this browser!)</p> <h3 id="makingthesummaryelementlooklikeatab">Making the summary element look like a tab</h3> <p>We’ve been setting the <code><summary></code> element to full width, but it doesn’t have to be. We could make it look more like a tab, with this simple change:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-flex<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>An example is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="350" data-slug-hash="eYxOGzB" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/eYxOGzB"> Styling the HTML details element: the summary element displayed as a tab</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 11.html --> <h3 id="limitingthewidthofthedetailselement">Limiting the width of the details element</h3> <p>In all of our examples so far, the <code><details></code> element has stretched to the full width of its container, because it’s a block-level element. We can give it a different width, however, if we don’t want it so wide, such as <code>width: 50%;</code>. Or we could could set it to an inline display so that it’s just as wide as its content:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>Click on the tab below to reveal the narrower width of the <code><details></code> element.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="350" data-slug-hash="poGzWNg" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/poGzWNg"> Styling the HTML details element: the details element displayed inline</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 11a.html --> <p>Try changing <code>display: inline-block</code> to <code>width: 50%</code> in the Pen above.</p> <h3 id="placingthemarkerarrowatthefarendofthesummary">Placing the marker arrow at the far end of the summary</h3> <p>Let’s do something a bit different now, placing the marker arrow on the right-hand side of the <code><summary></code> element. Because we’ve been using <code>display: flex</code>, moving the arrow to the far right is as easy as adding <code>justify-content: space-between</code> to the <code><summary></code> element:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> flex<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">justify-content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> space-between<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="450" data-slug-hash="eYxOGvg" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/eYxOGvg"> Styling the HTML details element: a background image on summary::after as marker, right aligned</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 9.html --> <h3 id="usingafterasamarkerwithoutabackgroundimage">Using ::after as a marker without a background image</h3> <p>There are other ways we could use <code>::after</code> without an actual image. Here’s an example that uses just <code>::after</code> with borders:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border-top</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span> solid <span class="token hexcode color">#15171b</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">border-inline</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">7</span><span class="token unit">px</span> solid <span class="token color">transparent</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0.2</span><span class="token unit">s</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>Here’s a live demo.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="500" data-slug-hash="gOqYGWy" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/gOqYGWy"> Styling the HTML details element: right-aligned marker using summary::after and borders</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 10.html --> <p>Now we have an arrow that rotates between the closed and open state. We’ve also added a nice drop shadow to the <code><details></code> element.</p> <p>Another way to use <code>::after</code> without an image is to place Unicode characters within the <code>content</code> property:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"\25BC"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0.2</span><span class="token unit">s</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>This sets a triangle shape (▼) as our marker, as shown in <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/KKJPXba">this CodePen demo</a>.</p> <p>There are thousands of <a href="https://unicode-explorer.com/">Unicode symbols</a>, and they’re quite fun to explore. Each comes with a code like <code>U + 25BC</code> or <code>U + 025BC</code>. To use that code inside the <code>content</code> property, take the characters after the <code>+</code> and place them inside the <code>content</code> quotes, with a <code>\</code> at the front: <code>content: "\25BC"</code>. If there’s one or more zeros at the start, you can leave them out. (For example, <code>U + 02248</code> can become <code>"\02248"</code> or <code>"\2248"</code>.)</p> <h2 id="miscellaneousextras">Miscellaneous Extras</h2> <p>So far, the things we’ve done above are more than enough, but there are other things we can have fun with, so let’s just play with a few of them here.</p> <h3 id="hovereffectonthedetailselement">Hover effect on the details element</h3> <p>We can set various hover effects on the <code><details></code> element. For example, we might do something like this:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0.2</span><span class="token unit">s</span> background linear<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token pseudo-class">:hover</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#dad3b1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>While we’re at it, let’s also transition the <code><summary></code> text color in the <code>open</code> state:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details <span class="token combinator">></span> summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> color <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token unit">s</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> <span class="token combinator">></span> summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#d9103e</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="600" data-slug-hash="poGzWrb" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/poGzWrb"> Styling the HTML details element: background and text transition effects</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 12.html --> <p>We could also just set a background change on the <code><summary></code> element instead.</p> <h3 id="animatingtheopeningandclosingofthedetailselement">Animating the opening and closing of the details element</h3> <p>Haha, fooled ya! It appears it’s not possible to animate the opening and closing of the <code><details></code> element. <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/details">According to MDN</a>:</p> <div class="inline-content"></div> <blockquote> <p>Unfortunately, at this time, there’s no built-in way to animate the transition between open and closed.</p> </blockquote> <p>However, this ability is <a href="https://x.com/wesbos/status/1813207251311640895">coming soon</a> (as of late 2024) via <code>calc-size(auto)</code>. (Here’s <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38213329/how-to-add-css3-transition-with-html5-details-summary-tag-reveal/79142029#79142029">an example of how it might work</a>.)</p> <p>In the meantime, we can have a bit of fun by animating the <em>contents</em> of the <code><details></code> element. For example, we could set the contents to fade in once revealed:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details article</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">opacity</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> article</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">animation</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> fadeIn <span class="token number">.75</span><span class="token unit">s</span> linear forwards<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@keyframes</span> fadeIn</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token selector">0%</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">opacity</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token selector">100%</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">opacity</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="650" data-slug-hash="BaMBwmB" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/BaMBwmB"> Styling the HTML details element: fading in the contents of the details element</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 13.html --> <p>Another trick might be to slide in the content, like so:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">overflow</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> hidden<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> article</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">animation</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> animateUp <span class="token number">.5</span><span class="token unit">s</span> linear forwards<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token atrule"><span class="token rule">@keyframes</span> animateUp</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token selector">0%</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">opacity</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">translatey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token unit">%</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token selector">100%</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">opacity</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">transform</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">translatey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>The result is shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="650" data-slug-hash="KKJPXQM" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/KKJPXQM"> Styling the HTML details element: sliding in the contents of the details element</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 14.html --> <p>It’s a bit cheesy, and perhaps overkill, but worth trying anyway. Unfortunately, these animations only work the first time the element is clicked (<em>unless the browser devtools are open, for some weird reason!</em>). You basically need <a href="https://css-tricks.com/restart-css-animation/">the intervention of JavaScript</a> to make the effect work repeatedly.</p> <h3 id="changingsummarycontentinopenandclosedstates">Changing summary content in open and closed states</h3> <p>In the demos above, the <code><select></code> has always had the same text, whether the <code><details></code> element is open or closed. But we could change that. Firstly, let’s leave the current “Click me” text in place, but also add some extra text for each state using the <code>::after</code> pseudo-element:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">" to show hidden content"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span> summary<span class="token pseudo-element">::after</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">content</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">" to hide extra content"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>That gives us the result shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="450" data-slug-hash="xxMKXWW" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/xxMKXWW"> Styling the HTML details element: toggling the select text</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 15.html --> <h3 id="changingthesummarycursor">Changing the summary cursor</h3> <p>The default cursor (or mouse pointer) for the <code><details></code> element is kind of weird. It’s a standard arrow for the most part, and a text pointer (or I-beam) when hovering over the <code><summary></code> text.</p> <p>For fun, let’s change to the hand cursor (or “pointer”):</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">cursor</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> pointer<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>This sets the mouse pointer to a hand when hovering anywhere over the <code><summary></code> element, as shown below.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="600" data-slug-hash="ZEwzXoK" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/ZEwzXoK"> Styling the HTML details element: Changing the summary cursor to a hand (pointer)</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 16.html --> <p>We could set the cursor on the <code><details></code> element instead, which would force the hand cursor across the entire <code><details></code> element. I prefer to keep it just on the thing we’re meant to click, though.</p> <h3 id="changingtheaccessibilityfocusstyles">Changing the accessibility focus styles</h3> <p>If we’re navigating a page via the keyboard, we can tab to the <code><details></code> element and then open it by hitting <kbd>return</kbd>. During focus, the <code><summary></code> element has a default outline. The image below shows what this looks like in various browsers.</p> <p><img width="1000" height="566" decoding="async" alt="The default focus outline of Chrome, Firefox, Edge and Safari" src="https://uploads.sitepoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/1697701100details-focus.jpg" loading="lazy"></p> <p>They’re much of a muchness: mostly a simple, dark (blue or black), solid outline that’s about <code>3px</code> wide.</p> <p>There are many styles we could set for the focused <code><details></code> element, but let’s do something simple here as proof of concept, changing the outline to a red dotted line:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-class">:focus</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token property">outline</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> none<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary<span class="token pseudo-class">:focus-visible</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token property">outline</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token unit">px</span> dotted <span class="token hexcode color">#ff0060</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token property">padding</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token unit">px</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>By default, the focus outline doesn’t display when we click on the <code><summary></code> element. But if we change the focus style, that style <em>does</em> display even to non-keyboard users (that is, when we click on the <code><details></code> element with a mouse). So in the code above, we’ve set the <code>outline</code> to <code>none</code> and instead used <code>focus-visible</code> to set the styles, as this means the focus styles will only be visible to keyboard users (for whom it’s actually useful).</p> <p>The image below shows our new styling.</p> <p><img width="1000" height="77" decoding="async" alt="Our new custom focus style on the summary element" src="https://uploads.sitepoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/1697701217custom-focus.jpg" loading="lazy"></p> <p>Here’s a live demo.</p> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="300" data-slug-hash="VwgZMdq" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/VwgZMdq"> Styling the HTML details element: styling the focus outline</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <!-- 17.html --> <p>We could have a lot of fun with this, using animations, background colors and so on when the <code><details></code> element is in focus. I’ll leave it to you to experiment further.</p> <h3 id="usingmultipledetailselementslikeanaccordionlist">Using multiple details elements like an accordion list</h3> <p>As of 2024, we can create an “exclusive accordion” effect in some browsers. That is, we can create an accordion with multiple <code>details</code> elements where one closes when another opens — by using the <code>name</code> attribute. We simply put the same <code>name</code> attribute on any element we want as part of the accordion — such as <code>name="exclusive"</code>. (These related <code>details</code> elements can be anywhere on the page; they don’t have to be side by side!)</p> <p>Here’s an example:</p> <div><pre class="language-markup"><code class="language-markup code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>details</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>exclusive<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Exclusive accordions<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>article</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>I will be open when the page loads (because of the <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>open<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> attribute, but I’ll close when the next <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>details<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> element is clicked.<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>article</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>details</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>details</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>exclusive<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Click me instead!<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>summary</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>article</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>When we open this <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>details<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>code</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> element, the one above it will close.<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>article</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>details</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span></span></code></pre></div> <div style="margin: 1em 0"><p class="codepen" data-default-tab="result" data-height="650" data-slug-hash="bGzboxV" data-user="SitePoint" style="height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;"> <span>See the Pen <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/bGzboxV">Styling the HTML details element: exclusive accordion</a> by SitePoint (<a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint">@SitePoint</a>) on <a href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span> </p></div> <p>If older browser support is important, there are some nifty examples of doing it with JavaScript (such as <a href="https://codepen.io/web-dot-dev/pen/PodYGBz">here</a>, <a href="https://codepen.io/aardrian/pen/gOQJraZ">here</a>, <a href="https://codepen.io/aardrian/pen/qBLNYBe">here</a> and <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/css-ui/exclusive-accordion">here</a>).</p> <p>We could also use CSS to style the currently open element differently from the others, using some of the techniques we’ve covered above. </p> <p>Here’s a simple example:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#2196F3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span><span class="code-line"> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">details<span class="token attribute"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token attr-name">open</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span></span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token hexcode color">#ce0e99</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <!-- 18.html --> <h3 id="stylingaheadinginsidethesummary">Styling a heading inside the summary</h3> <p>Some developers, concerned about the structure of their HTML, like to place a heading element inside the <code><summary></code> element. Whether that’s useful or not is <a href="https://css-tricks.com/two-issues-styling-the-details-element-and-how-to-solve-them/">up for debate</a>, but the default rendering is not nice, with the heading sitting on the line below the arrow. This can be fixed by setting the heading to <code>display: inline</code> or <code>display: inline-block</code>:</p> <pre class="language-css"><code class="css language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">summary h2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> </span></code></pre> <p>You can see check out a demo of this on <a href="https://codepen.io/SitePoint/pen/MWLgEPm">CodePen</a>.</p> <h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2> <p>As we’ve tried to show above, there are lots of simple ways to style the <code><details></code> element. Setting borders, padding and background colors is easy, and these in themselves improve the look greatly. Some of the methods for styling the default marker are very handy, but given that <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNa4EMUWnAc">Forrest’s fruit company</a> () has so many issues with styling the marker, it may be better to steer away from that option, in favor of creating a completely custom marker element. (That said, styling the marker doesn’t <em>break</em> the <code><details></code> element in Safari.)</p> <p>There have been attempts to animate the opening and closing of the <code><details></code> element just with CSS, but they are hacky at best, so it’s not worth trying to go down that rabbit hole. If you really want animated opening and closing, you’ll need JavaScript.</p> <p>To learn more about the <code><details></code> element, check out the following:</p> <ul> <li>the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/details">MDN entry on the details element</a></li> <li>the <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">whatwg.org specification for the details element</a></li> </ul> <p>If you come up with any other cool ways to style the <code><details></code> element, let me know on <a href="https://twitter.com/ralphmason">Twitter</a>, and we might feature them here.</p><script type="text/javascript">window.hcbVars = { showCopyBtn: true };</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/hcb/clipboard.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/hcb/script.js"></script></div><div class="w-full py-8 space-y-12 border-t border-t-neutral-5"><address class="not-italic text-neutral-12"><div 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