CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Nosferatu - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"318d163a-4b22-40b0-a5aa-2c2a752461ce","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Nosferatu","wgTitle":"Nosferatu","wgCurRevisionId":1260086751,"wgRevisionId":1260086751,"wgArticleId":82423,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 German-language sources (de)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles lacking reliable references from September 2024","All articles lacking reliable references","Use dmy dates from October 2019","Template film date with 1 release date","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Articles containing German-language text","Articles that may contain original research from December 2023", "All articles that may contain original research","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Commons category link from Wikidata","Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata","Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter","Articles with Internet Archive links","Articles containing video clips","1922 films","1922 horror films","Dracula films","German black-and-white films","German Expressionist films","German horror films","German silent feature films","German vampire films","German independent films","Gothic horror films","Films adapted into operas","Films directed by F. W. Murnau","Films based on horror novels","Films of the Weimar Republic","Films involved in plagiarism controversies","Films set in 1838","Films set in castles","Films set in Europe","Films set in Germany","Films set in Transylvania","Films set on ships","Films shot at Johannisthal Studios","Films shot in Slovakia","Nosferatu", "Unofficial film adaptations","Silent adventure films","Silent horror films","1920s German films","1920s German-language films","Nosferatu films"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Nosferatu","wgRelevantArticleId":82423,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q151895","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"} ;RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="837"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg/800px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="558"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg/640px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="446"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Nosferatu - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Nosferatu rootpage-Nosferatu skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Nosferatu" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Nosferatu" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Nosferatu" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Nosferatu" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Plot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Plot</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Themes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Themes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Themes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>The Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occultism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occultism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Occultism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occultism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deviations_from_the_novel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deviations_from_the_novel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Deviations from the novel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deviations_from_the_novel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Release</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Reception and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_media_and_copyright_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_media_and_copyright_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Home media and copyright status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_media_and_copyright_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Remakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Nosferatu</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_1922)" title="نوسفيراتو (فيلم 1922) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نوسفيراتو (فيلم 1922)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu:_Qorxu_simfoniyas%C4%B1" title="Nosferatu: Qorxu simfoniyası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nosferatu: Qorxu simfoniyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83:_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83" title="Насферату: Сімфонія жаху – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Насферату: Сімфонія жаху" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83:_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%96%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Насфэрату: Сымфонія вусьцішы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Насфэрату: Сымфонія вусьцішы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%E2%80%93_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Носферату – симфония на ужаса – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Носферату – симфония на ужаса" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Up%C3%ADr_Nosferatu_(film,_1922)" title="Upír Nosferatu (film, 1922) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Upír Nosferatu (film, 1922)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85,_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Νοσφεράτου, μια συμφωνία τρόμου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νοσφεράτου, μια συμφωνία τρόμου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88" title="نوسفراتو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوسفراتو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_le_vampire" title="Nosferatu le vampire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nosferatu le vampire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EB%9D%BC%ED%88%AC:_%EA%B3%B5%ED%8F%AC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%96%A5%EA%B3%A1" title="노스페라투: 공포의 교향곡 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노스페라투: 공포의 교향곡" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%BD%D6%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Նոսֆերատու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նոսֆերատու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_(1922.)" title="Nosferatu (1922.) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nosferatu (1922.)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_il_vampiro" title="Nosferatu il vampiro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nosferatu il vampiro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95" title="נוספרטו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נוספרטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3:_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნოსფერატუ: საშინელებათა სიმფონია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნოსფერატუ: საშინელებათა სიმფონია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_%C5%A1ausmu_simfonija" title="Nosferatu, šausmu simfonija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nosferatu, šausmu simfonija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu._Siaubo_simfonija" title="Nosferatu. Siaubo simfonija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nosferatu. Siaubo simfonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D0%B4_1922)" title="Носферату (филм од 1922) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Носферату (филм од 1922)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81:_%E0%B4%8E_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC" title="നൊസ്‌ഫെറാതു: എ സിംഫണി ഓഫ് ഹൊറർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നൊസ്‌ഫെറാതു: എ സിംഫണി ഓഫ് ഹൊറർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_(filem)" title="Nosferatu (filem) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nosferatu (filem)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%80%E9%AC%BC%E3%83%8E%E3%82%B9%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%A9%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5" title="吸血鬼ノスフェラトゥ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="吸血鬼ノスフェラトゥ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB" title="ណូសហ្វើរ៉ាតុ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ណូសហ្វើរ៉ាតុ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_symfonia_grozy" title="Nosferatu – symfonia grozy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nosferatu – symfonia grozy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Simfonia_groazei" title="Nosferatu – Simfonia groazei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nosferatu – Simfonia groazei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83,_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Носферату, симфония ужаса – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Носферату, симфония ужаса" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_simfonija_groze" title="Nosferatu, simfonija groze – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nosferatu, simfonija groze" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83_%E2%80%93_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Носферату – Симфонија ужаса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Носферату – Симфонија ужаса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens" title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu" title="Nosferatu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nosferatu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_(film,_1922)" title="Nosferatu (film, 1922) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nosferatu (film, 1922)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B9" title="นอสเฟอราตู – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นอสเฟอราตู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu,_Bir_Deh%C5%9Fet_Senfonisi" title="Nosferatu, Bir Dehşet Senfonisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nosferatu, Bir Dehşet Senfonisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83" title="Носферату. Симфонія жаху – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Носферату. Симфонія жаху" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%AD%BB%E6%AE%AD%E5%B1%8D%E2%80%94%E6%81%90%E6%85%84%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%9B%B2" title="不死殭屍—恐慄交響曲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="不死殭屍—恐慄交響曲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q151895#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Nosferatu" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Nosferatu" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Nosferatu" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&oldid=1260086751" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Nosferatu&id=1260086751&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNosferatu"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNosferatu"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nosferatu&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nosferatu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nosferatu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Nosferatu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q151895" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1922 silent film by F. W. Murnau</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Nosferatu the Vampire" redirects here. For the 1979 film, see <a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_the_Vampyre" title="Nosferatu the Vampyre">Nosferatu the Vampyre</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nosferatu (disambiguation)">Nosferatu (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreliable_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-unreliable_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Some of this article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">listed sources</a> <b>may not be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_poster_(Albin_Grau,_1922)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg/220px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg/330px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg/440px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="837" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">German magazine ad</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">F. W. Murnau</a><sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Galeen" title="Henrik Galeen">Henrik Galeen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i><br />by <a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker" title="Bram Stoker">Bram Stoker</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Enrico Dieckmann</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albin_Grau" title="Albin Grau">Albin Grau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_von_Wangenheim" title="Gustav von Wangenheim">Gustav von Wangenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Greta Schröder">Greta Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Granach" title="Alexander Granach">Alexander Granach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Landshoff" title="Ruth Landshoff">Ruth Landshoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Heinz_(actor)" title="Wolfgang Heinz (actor)">Wolfgang Heinz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Arno_Wagner" title="Fritz Arno Wagner">Fritz Arno Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Krampf" title="Günther Krampf">Günther Krampf</a> (uncredited)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Erdmann" title="Hans Erdmann">Hans Erdmann</a> (1922 premiere) <sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;">Prana Film</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data">Film Arts Guild</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>4 March 1922<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1922-03-04</span>)</span> (Germany)</li></ul> </div><sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1920s_Screenings_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm_1920s_Screenings-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">63–94 minutes, depending on version and transfer speed<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent film</a></li> <li>German <a href="/wiki/Intertitles" class="mw-redirect" title="Intertitles">intertitles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror</b></i> (German: <i>Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens</i>) is a 1922 <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent</a> <a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism_(cinema)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism (cinema)">German Expressionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">vampire film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">F. W. Murnau</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> as <a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Vampire" title="Vampire">vampire</a> who preys on the wife (<a href="/wiki/Greta_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Greta Schröder">Greta Schröder</a>) of his <a href="/wiki/Estate_agent" title="Estate agent">estate agent</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gustav_von_Wangenheim" title="Gustav von Wangenheim">Gustav von Wangenheim</a>) and brings the plague to their town. </p><p><i>Nosferatu</i> was produced by Prana Film and is an unauthorized and unofficial adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker" title="Bram Stoker">Bram Stoker</a>'s 1897 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i>. Various names and other details were changed from the novel, including <a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula" title="Count Dracula">Count Dracula</a> being renamed Count Orlok then finally <a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(word)" title="Nosferatu (word)">Nosferatu</a>, an archaic <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian word</a> with a suggested etymology of <i>Nesuferitu`</i>, meaning "the offensive one" or "the insufferable one". Although those changes are often represented as a defense against copyright infringement,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the original German <a href="/wiki/Intertitles" class="mw-redirect" title="Intertitles">intertitles</a> acknowledged <i>Dracula</i> as the source. Film historian David Kalat states in his commentary track that since the film was "a low-budget film made by Germans for German audiences... setting it in Germany with German-named characters makes the story more tangible and immediate for German-speaking viewers".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even with several details altered, Stoker's heirs sued over the adaptation, and a court ruling ordered all copies of the film to be <a href="/wiki/Lost_film" title="Lost film">destroyed</a>. However, several prints of <i>Nosferatu</i> survived,<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the film came to be regarded as an influential masterpiece of cinema and the horror genre.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critic and historian <a href="/wiki/Kim_Newman" title="Kim Newman">Kim Newman</a> declared it as a film that set the template for the genre of horror film.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarriottNewman201820_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarriottNewman201820-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/220px-seek%3D0-Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="5519" data-mwtitle="Nosferatu_(1922).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_(1922).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="960" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1440" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9"" data-width="1440" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANosferatu_%281922%29.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption><i>Nosferatu</i> (1922)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1838, in the fictional German town of Wisborg,<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutter" title="Thomas Hutter">Thomas Hutter</a> is sent to <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> by his employer, estate agent Herr Knock, to visit a new client, <a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a>, who is planning on buying a house across from Hutter's own residence. While embarking on his journey, Hutter stops at an inn in which the locals are frightened by the mere mention of Orlok's name. </p><p>Hutter rides on a coach to Orlok's castle in the <a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Mountains" title="Carpathian Mountains">Carpathian Mountains</a>, where he is welcomed by Orlok himself. When he is eating dinner and accidentally cuts his thumb, Orlok tries to suck the blood out, but his repulsed guest pulls his hand away. Hutter wakes up the morning after to find fresh punctures on his neck, which he attributes to mosquitoes. That night, Orlok signs the documents to purchase the house and notices on the table a miniature portrait of Hutter's wife, Ellen, an image that the young man carries with him in a small circular frame. Admiring the portrait, the count remarks that she has a "lovely neck." </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_(1922).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/220px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/330px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/440px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> as <a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a> in <i>Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens</i> (1922)</figcaption></figure> <p>Reading a book about <a href="/wiki/Vampire" title="Vampire">vampires</a> that he took from the inn, Hutter begins to suspect that Orlok is indeed a vampire. With no way to bar the door to his bedroom, Hutter desperately tries to hide as midnight approaches. Suddenly, the door begins to slowly open by itself; and, as Orlok enters, a terrified Hutter hides under the bedcovers and falls unconscious. Meanwhile, back in Wisborg, Ellen arises from her own bed and <a href="/wiki/Sleepwalking" title="Sleepwalking">sleepwalks</a> to the railing of her bedroom's balcony. She starts walking on top of the railing, which gets the attention of her friend Harding in the adjacent room. When the doctor arrives, Ellen shouts Hutter's name and envisions Orlok in his castle threatening her unconscious husband. </p><p>The next day, Hutter explores the castle, only to retreat back into his room after he finds the coffin in which Orlok is resting dormant in the crypt. Hours later, Orlok piles up coffins on a coach and climbs into the last one before the coach departs; Hutter rushes home after learning of this. The coffins are taken aboard a <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooner</a>, where the sailors discover rats in the coffins. All of the crewmen later die, and Orlok takes control of the vessel. When the ship arrives in Wisborg, Orlok leaves unobserved, carries one of his coffins and moves into the house that he purchased. </p><p>Many deaths in the town follow after Orlok's arrival, which the local doctors blame on an unspecified plague caused by the rats from the ship. Ellen reads the book that Hutter found; it claims that a vampire can be defeated if a pure-hearted woman distracts the vampire with her beauty and offers him her blood of her own free will; she decides to sacrifice herself. Ellen opens her window to invite Orlok in and pretends to fall ill so that she can send Hutter to fetch Professor Bulwer, a physician. After he leaves, Orlok enters and drinks her blood, but the sun rises, which causes Orlok to vanish in a puff of smoke. Ellen lives just long enough to be embraced by her grief-stricken husband. </p><p>Orlok's castle is later shown destroyed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schreck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Schreck.jpg/220px-Schreck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Schreck.jpg/330px-Schreck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/08/Schreck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> in a promotional still for the film</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> as <a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_von_Wangenheim" title="Gustav von Wangenheim">Gustav von Wangenheim</a> as <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutter" title="Thomas Hutter">Thomas Hutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Greta Schröder">Greta Schröder</a> as Ellen Hutter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_H._Schnell" title="Georg H. Schnell">Georg H. Schnell</a> as Harding</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Landshoff" title="Ruth Landshoff">Ruth Landshoff</a> as Ruth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Botz" title="Gustav Botz">Gustav Botz</a> as Professor Sievers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Granach" title="Alexander Granach">Alexander Granach</a> as Knock</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gottowt" title="John Gottowt">John Gottowt</a> as Professor Bulwer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Nemetz" title="Max Nemetz">Max Nemetz</a> as the <i>Empusa</i> captain</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Heinz_(actor)" title="Wolfgang Heinz (actor)">Wolfgang Heinz</a> as the <i>Empusa</i> first mate</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Venohr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Venohr (page does not exist)">Albert Venohr</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Venohr" class="extiw" title="de:Albert Venohr">de</a>]</span> as the <i>Empusa</i> sailor</li></ul> <p>Making uncredited appearances are <a href="/wiki/Karl_Etlinger" title="Karl Etlinger">Karl Etlinger</a> as one of Bulwer's students, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hardy_von_Francois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hardy von Francois (page does not exist)">Hardy von Francois</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy_von_Francois" class="extiw" title="de:Hardy von Francois">de</a>]</span> as a doctor at a mental hospital, <a href="/wiki/Guido_Herzfeld" title="Guido Herzfeld">Guido Herzfeld</a> as an innkeeper, and <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Schreck" title="Fanny Schreck">Fanny Schreck</a> as a hospital nurse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes">Themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Other">The Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Nosferatu</i> has been noted for its themes regarding fear of <a href="/wiki/Other_(philosophy)" title="Other (philosophy)">the Other</a>, as well as for possible <a href="/wiki/Antisemitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic">antisemitic</a> undertones,<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both of which may have been partially derived from the <a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker" title="Bram Stoker">Bram Stoker</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i>, upon which the film was based.<sup id="cite_ref-Giesen_109_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giesen_109-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The physical appearance of Count Orlok, with his hooked nose, long claw-like fingernails, and large bald head, has been compared to <a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_Jews" title="Stereotypes of Jews">stereotypical caricatures of Jewish people</a> from the time in which <i>Nosferatu</i> was produced.<sup id="cite_ref-Giesen_108_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giesen_108-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His features have also been compared to those of a rat or a mouse, the former of which Jews were often equated with.<sup id="cite_ref-Giesen_108–109_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giesen_108–109-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orlok's interest in acquiring property in the German town of Wisborg, a shift in locale from the Stoker novel's <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, has also been analyzed as preying on the fears and anxieties of the German public at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor <a href="/wiki/Tony_Magistrale" title="Tony Magistrale">Tony Magistrale</a> opined that the film's depiction of an "invasion of the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">German homeland</a> by an outside force [...] poses disquieting parallels to the anti-Semitic atmosphere festering in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern Europe</a> in 1922."<sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the foreign Orlok arrives in Wisborg by ship, he brings with him a swarm of rats which, in a deviation from the source novel, spread the <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a> throughout the town.<sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Joslin_15_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joslin_15-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This plot element further associates Orlok with rodents and the idea of the "Jew as disease-causing agent".<sup id="cite_ref-Giesen_108_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giesen_108-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also notable that Orlok's accomplice in conspiracy Knock is a Jewish realtor, who acts as the vampire's fifth column in the <a href="/wiki/Biedermeier" title="Biedermeier">Biedermeier</a> town of Wisborg.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were other views – writer <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Jackson_(writer)" title="Kevin Jackson (writer)">Kevin Jackson</a> has noted that director <a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">F. W. Murnau</a> "was friendly with and protective of a number of Jewish men and women" throughout his life, including Jewish actor <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Granach" title="Alexander Granach">Alexander Granach</a>, who plays Knock in <i>Nosferatu</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson_20_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson_20-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, Magistrale wrote that Murnau, being a <a href="/wiki/Gay_men" title="Gay men">homosexual</a>, would have been "presumably more sensitive to the persecution of a subgroup inside the larger German society".<sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, it has been said that perceived associations between Orlok and antisemitic stereotypes are unlikely to have been conscious decisions on the part of Murnau.<sup id="cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jackson_20_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson_20-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Occultism">Occultism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Occultism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_(1922)_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg/220px-Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg/330px-Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg/440px-Nosferatu_%281922%29_Knock-Orlok_contract.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>A contract between Orlok and Knock</figcaption></figure> <p>Murnau and Grau gave Orlok in the film a demonic lineage and an occult origin: Orlok is the creation of <a href="/wiki/Belial" title="Belial">Belial</a>, one of the Satanic <a href="/wiki/Archdemon" title="Archdemon">archdemons</a>. Belial in <a href="/wiki/Psalm_41" title="Psalm 41">Psalm</a> 41:8–10 is also associated with pestilence, with Orlok in film being the very manifestation of contagion, rats pouring out of his coffins onto the streets of Wisborg, spreading <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">Black Death</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orlok's link to Belial is also highly significant because Belial is "one of the demons traditionally summoned by <a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetic</a> magicians" – making Orlok someone who practiced <a href="/wiki/Black_magic" title="Black magic">dark sorcery</a> before becoming a vampire.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Orlok and his servant Knock are communicating in occult language – the documents between Orlok and Knock are written in <a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a> language (angelic language, recorded in the private journals of English occultist <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a> and his colleague English <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemist</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kelley" title="Edward Kelley">Edward Kelley</a> in late 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_era" title="Elizabethan era">Elizabethan</a> England).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The character of Professor Bulwer in the film is named in reference to English occult novelist <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bulwer-Lytton" title="Edward Bulwer-Lytton">Edward Bulwer-Lytton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea of astral entities, arising from the dark thoughts of human beings, responsible for epidemics that call for blood sacrifices in order to prevent them, is also closely linked to that of the alchemist <a href="/wiki/Paracelsus" title="Paracelsus">Paracelsus</a>, whose figure is partly embodied in the film in the character of Professor Bulwer (who is mentioned in the film to be <a href="/wiki/Paracelsianism" title="Paracelsianism">Paracelsian</a> himself). This is made concrete in the film in the plague epidemic that spreads through the city of Wisborg, which cannot be remedied by scientific methods, but by the blood sacrifice of a woman, thus destroying forever the dark being responsible for this catastrophic situation.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The idea for making this vampire film saw its genesis in the war-time experience of producer Albin Grau. Grau served in the German army during the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, known as the Great War, on the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbian front</a>. While in Serbia Grau encountered a local farmer who told him of his father, who the farmer believed had become an undead vampire. F. W. Murnau, director of the film, also saw considerable action in World War I – not only as a company commander in the muddy trenches of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a>, but also later in the air after he transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Luftstreitkräfte">German air service</a>. He survived at least eight crashes. <a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> who portrayed Count Orlok also served in the trenches of the Great War with the German army. Little is known of his war-time experience, but there are some signs he may have dealt with some form of post-traumatic stress disorder. Colleagues commented that he preferred to keep to himself. He was known to take long walks in the forest alone, often times disappearing for hours at a time. He once stated that he lived in "a remote and incorporeal world". Thus it is considered that the turmoil of 1920s Germany and the war-time experiences of those who produced the film left their marks on the production of the film.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/Lotte_H._Eisner" title="Lotte H. Eisner">Lotte Eisner</a>, a dedicated occultist, wrote: "Mysticism and magic, the dark forces to which Germans have always been more than willing to commit themselves, had flourished in the face of death on the battlefields" – these forces were intrinsic to the shaping of cinema's first vampires. Albin Grau himself also linked the war and vampires: "this monstrous <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">event</a> that is unleashed across the earth like a cosmic vampire to drink the blood of millions and millions of men". Belial as well is the link between war and contagion, as Orlok is linked directly to the Black Death and many critics have linked <i>Nosferatu</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s disease-bearing rodents to the transmissible sickness associated with <a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">trench warfare</a> in which rats flourished. As noted by <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Jones" title="Ernest Jones">Ernest Jones</a> in his psychoanalytic study of nightmares, vampire legends proliferate in periods of mass contagion.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prana-Film_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prana-Film_1.jpg/150px-Prana-Film_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prana-Film_1.jpg/225px-Prana-Film_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prana-Film_1.jpg/300px-Prana-Film_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>Prana Film logo</figcaption></figure> <p>The studio behind <i>Nosferatu</i>, Prana Film, was a short-lived <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent</a>-era German <a href="/wiki/Film_studio" title="Film studio">film studio</a> founded in 1921 by Enrico Dieckmann and occultist artist <a href="/wiki/Albin_Grau" title="Albin Grau">Albin Grau</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> named after a <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophical</a> journal which was itself named for the <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> concept of <i><a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">prana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the studio's intent was to produce <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a>-themed films, <i>Nosferatu</i> was its only production,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it declared <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> shortly after the film's release. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:148px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_poster_(Albin_Grau,_1922)_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg/240px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg/360px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg/480px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="495" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:46px;max-width:46px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:148px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_poster_(Albin_Grau,_1922)_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png/44px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png/66px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png/88px-Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_2.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="1017" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Original promotional art by <a href="/wiki/Albin_Grau" title="Albin Grau">Albin Grau</a></div></div></div></div> <p>Grau claimed he was inspired to shoot a vampire film by a war experience: in Grau's <a href="/wiki/Apocrypha" title="Apocrypha">apocryphal</a> tale, during the winter of 1916, a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbian</a> farmer told him that his father was a vampire and one of the <a href="/wiki/Undeath" class="mw-redirect" title="Undeath">undead</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a lifelong student of the occult and member of <a href="/wiki/Fraternitas_Saturni" title="Fraternitas Saturni">Fraternitas Saturni</a>, under the magical name of Master Pacitius, Grau was able to imbue Nosferatu with <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">hermetic</a> and mystical undertones. One example in particular was the cryptic contract that Count Orlok and Knock exchanged, which was filled in <a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a>, hermetic and <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemical</a> symbols. Grau was also a strong influence on Orlok's verminous and emaciated look<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he also designed the film’s sets, costumes, make-up and the letter with the Enochian symbols. He also was responsible for film's advertising campaign, creating movie posters and advertisements. Grau’s visual style was also deeply influenced by work of the artist Hugo Steiner-Prag who had illustrated other texts with esoteric subjects such as <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Meyrink" title="Gustav Meyrink">Gustav Meyrink</a>’s <a href="/wiki/The_Golem_(Meyrink_novel)" title="The Golem (Meyrink novel)">Golem</a> and <a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">E. T. A. Hoffmann</a>’s <a href="/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Elixirs" title="The Devil's Elixirs">Die Elixiere des Teufels</a> (1907).<sup id="cite_ref-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004,_Wismar,_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg/260px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg/390px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg/520px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J0710-0303-004%2C_Wismar%2C_Heiliggeistkirche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Hutter's departure from Wisborg was filmed in the yard of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heiligen-Geist-Kirche,_Wismar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heiligen-Geist-Kirche, Wismar (page does not exist)">Heiligen-Geist-Kirche</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiligen-Geist-Kirche_(Wismar)" class="extiw" title="de:Heiligen-Geist-Kirche (Wismar)">de</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a>. (1970 photograph)</figcaption></figure> <p>Diekmann and Grau gave <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Galeen" title="Henrik Galeen">Henrik Galeen</a>, a disciple of <a href="/wiki/Hanns_Heinz_Ewers" title="Hanns Heinz Ewers">Hanns Heinz Ewers</a>, the task to write a screenplay inspired by the <i>Dracula</i> novel, although Prana Film had not obtained the <a href="/wiki/Film_rights" title="Film rights">film rights</a>. Galeen was an experienced specialist in <a href="/wiki/Dark_romanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark romanticism">dark romanticism</a>; he had already worked on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Student_of_Prague_(1913_film)" title="The Student of Prague (1913 film)">The Student of Prague</a></i> (1913), and the screenplay for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Golem:_How_He_Came_into_the_World" title="The Golem: How He Came into the World">The Golem: How He Came into the World</a></i> (1920). Galeen set the story in the fictional north German harbour town of Wisborg. He changed the characters' names and added the idea of the vampire bringing the plague to Wisborg via rats on the ship. Galeen's <a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism_(cinema)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism (cinema)">Expressionist style</a> screenplay was poetically rhythmic, without being so dismembered as other books influenced by <a href="/wiki/Expressionism_in_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Expressionism in literature">literary Expressionism</a>, such as those by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Mayer" title="Carl Mayer">Carl Mayer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Eisner" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotte Eisner">Lotte Eisner</a> described Galeen's screenplay as "<i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">voll Poesie, voll Rhythmus</i></span></i>" ("full of poetry, full of rhythm").<sup id="cite_ref-Eisner67-27_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eisner67-27-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg/260px-HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg/390px-HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg/520px-HL_Damals_%E2%80%93_Johannes_Maass_%E2%80%93_Salzspeicher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Salzspeicher" title="Salzspeicher">Salzspeicher</a> in <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> served as the set for Orlok's house in Wisborg.</figcaption></figure> <p>Actor <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Veidt" title="Conrad Veidt">Conrad Veidt</a> was offered the role of Count Orlok, having previously worked with Murnau, but had to decline for scheduling reasons. In the search for an alternative the choice finally fell on the then-still-unknown actor <a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filming began in July 1921, with exterior <a href="/wiki/Shot_(filmmaking)" title="Shot (filmmaking)">shots</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Take" title="Take">take</a> from Marienkirche's tower over Wismar marketplace with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasserkunst_Wismar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasserkunst Wismar (page does not exist)">Wasserkunst Wismar</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserkunst_Wismar" class="extiw" title="de:Wasserkunst Wismar">de</a>]</span> served as the <a href="/wiki/Establishing_shot" title="Establishing shot">establishing shot</a> for the Wisborg scene. Other locations were the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wismar_Wassertor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wismar Wassertor (page does not exist)">Wassertor</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wassertor_(Wismar)" class="extiw" title="de:Wassertor (Wismar)">de</a>]</span>, the Heiligen-Geist-Kirche yard and the harbour. In <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a>, the abandoned <a href="/wiki/Salzspeicher" title="Salzspeicher">Salzspeicher</a> served as Nosferatu's new Wisborg house, the one of the churchyard of the <a href="/wiki/Aegidienkirche_(L%C3%BCbeck)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegidienkirche (Lübeck)">Aegidienkirche</a> served as Hutter's, and down the Depenau a procession of coffin bearers bore <a href="/wiki/Coffin" title="Coffin">coffins</a> of supposed plague victims. Many scenes of Lübeck appear in the hunt for <i>Knock</i>, who ordered Hutter in the <i>Yard of Füchting</i> to meet Count Orlok. Further exterior shots followed in <a href="/wiki/Lauenburg/Elbe" class="mw-redirect" title="Lauenburg/Elbe">Lauenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Sylt" title="Sylt">Sylt</a>. The exteriors of the film set in <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> were actually shot on location in northern <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/High_Tatras" title="High Tatras">High Tatras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vr%C3%A1tna_dolina" title="Vrátna dolina">Vrátna dolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orava_Castle" title="Orava Castle">Orava Castle</a>, the <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1h" title="Váh">Váh</a> River, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Star%C3%BD_Castle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Starý Castle (page does not exist)">Starý Castle</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%C3%BD_hrad_(hrad)" class="extiw" title="sk:Starý hrad (hrad)">sk</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team filmed interior shots at the <a href="/wiki/Johannisthal_Studios" title="Johannisthal Studios">JOFA studio</a> in Berlin's <a href="/wiki/Johannisthal_(Berlin)" title="Johannisthal (Berlin)">Johannisthal</a> locality and further exteriors in the <a href="/wiki/Tegel" title="Tegel">Tegel</a> Forest.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:84px;max-width:84px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:128px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wismar,_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_(Zeno_Ansichtskarten).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/82px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/123px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/164px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Wassertor_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1390" data-file-height="2180" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:128px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wismar,_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_(Zeno_Ansichtskarten).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/202px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/303px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg/404px-Wismar%2C_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_-_Marktplatz_%28Zeno_Ansichtskarten%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2092" data-file-height="1326" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wismar_Wassertor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wismar Wassertor (page does not exist)">Wismar Wassertor</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wassertor_(Wismar)" class="extiw" title="de:Wassertor (Wismar)">de</a>]</span> (left, 1907) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasserkunst_Wismar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasserkunst Wismar (page does not exist)">Wismar Wasserkunst</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserkunst_Wismar" class="extiw" title="de:Wasserkunst Wismar">de</a>]</span> (right, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1909</span>)</div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starhrad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Starhrad.jpg/220px-Starhrad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Starhrad.jpg/330px-Starhrad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Starhrad.jpg/440px-Starhrad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Starý hrad castle ruins as Orlok's dilapidated castle at the end of the film</figcaption></figure> <p>For cost reasons, cameraman <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Arno_Wagner" title="Fritz Arno Wagner">Fritz Arno Wagner</a> only had one camera available, and therefore there was only one original negative.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The director followed Galeen's screenplay carefully, following handwritten instructions on camera positioning, lighting, and related matters.<sup id="cite_ref-Eisner67-27_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eisner67-27-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, Murnau completely rewrote 12 pages of the script, as Galeen's text was missing from the director's working script. This concerned the last scene of the film, in which Ellen sacrifices herself and the vampire dies in the first rays of the sun.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Murnau prepared carefully; there were sketches that were to correspond exactly to each filmed scene, and he used a <a href="/wiki/Metronome" title="Metronome">metronome</a> to control the pace of the acting.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original score was composed by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Erdmann" title="Hans Erdmann">Hans Erdmann</a> and performed by an orchestra at the film's Berlin premiere. However, most of the score has been lost, and what remains is only a partial adapted suite.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, throughout the history of <i>Nosferatu</i> screenings, many composers and musicians have written or improvised their own soundtrack to accompany the film. For example, <a href="/wiki/James_Bernard_(composer)" title="James Bernard (composer)">James Bernard</a>, composer of the soundtracks of many <a href="/wiki/Hammer_Film_Productions" title="Hammer Film Productions">Hammer</a> horror films in the late 1950s and 1960s, wrote a score for a reissue.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bernard's score was released in 1997 by Silva Screen Records. A version of Erdmann's original score reconstructed by musicologists and composers Gillian Anderson and James Kessler was released in 1995 by <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">BMG Classics</a>, with multiple missing sequences composed anew, in an attempt to match Erdmann's style. An earlier reconstruction by German composer Berndt Heller has many additions of unrelated classical works.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, the New York Times wrote about Dutch composer <a href="/wiki/Jozef_van_Wissem" title="Jozef van Wissem">Jozef van Wissem</a>'s new score and record release for <i>Nosferatu</i>. Beginning with a solo played on the lute, his performance incorporates electric guitar and distorted recordings of extinct birds, graduating from subtlety to gothic horror. "My soundtrack goes from silence to noise over the course of 90 minutes," he said, culminating in "dense, slow death metal."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new score for full orchestra and piano was commissioned by the Louisville Orchestra from its former composer-in-residence Sebastian Chang. It premiered, played live with the film in October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://sebastianchang.com/nosferatu-new-film-score-world-premiere/">[1]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deviations_from_the_novel">Deviations from the novel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Deviations from the novel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>The setting has been transferred from Britain in the 1890s to Germany in 1838.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The story of <i>Nosferatu</i> is similar to that of <i>Dracula</i> but re-adapts the core characters: Mina and Jonathan Harker are renamed Ellen and Thomas Hutter (Ellen now occasionally sleepwalks instead of Lucy, Mina’s friend and Dracula’s first victim in Britain), Count Dracula is renamed Count Orlok, and so on. It omits many of the secondary players, such as <a href="/wiki/Quincey_Morris" title="Quincey Morris">Quincey Morris</a> and changes the names and roles of those who remain. <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Van_Helsing" title="Abraham Van Helsing">Van Helsing</a> character was renamed into Dr. Bulwer in reference to English occult novelist <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bulwer-Lytton" title="Edward Bulwer-Lytton">Edward Bulwer-Lytton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Orlok is also believed to have been created by <a href="/wiki/Belial" title="Belial">Belial</a>, the lieutenant demon of <a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a>, while Count Dracula is revealed to have been a former <a href="/wiki/Voivode" title="Voivode">voivode</a> killed in battle before returning as a vampire. Orlok's link to Belial is highly significant because Belial is "one of the demons traditionally summoned by <a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetic</a> magicians" – making Orlok someone who practiced dark sorcery before becoming a vampire, which would make him more similar to Dracula, who the novel explains descended from a lineage related to pacts with the Devil, who has trained him in alchemy and the occult arts in Scholomance.<sup id="cite_ref-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In contrast to Count Dracula, Orlok does not create other vampires but kills his victims, which causes the townsfolk to blame the plague which ravages the city.</li> <li>Orlok also must sleep by day, as sunlight would kill him, but the original Dracula is only weakened by sunlight and can openly walk in daylight.</li> <li>Orlok looks extremely inhuman and corpse-like, while Dracula looks human, so Dracula could easily mingle among the crowds in the streets of London, and it is his behaviour which eventually betrays him as a vampire to humans.</li> <li>The ending is also substantially different from the <i>Dracula</i> novel since the count is ultimately destroyed at sunrise when the Mina analogue sacrifices herself to him.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Release"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg/220px-Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg/330px-Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg/440px-Zoologischer_Garten_Berlin_-_Marmorsaal_im_Zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1306" /></a><figcaption><i>Nosferatu</i> premiered at the <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Marmorsaal</i></span></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Zoological_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Zoological Garden">Berlin Zoological Garden</a>. (1900 postcard)</figcaption></figure><p>Shortly before the premiere, an advertisement campaign was placed in issue #21 of the magazine <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Bühne und Film</i></span></i>, with a summary, scene and work photographs, production reports, and essays, including a treatment on vampirism by <a href="/wiki/Albin_Grau" title="Albin Grau">Albin Grau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Nosferatu</i> opened in the Netherlands on 16 February 1922 at the Hague Flora and Olympia cinemas.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Nosferatu</i> premiered in Germany on 4 March 1922 in the <i>Marmorsaal</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Zoological_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Zoological Garden">Berlin Zoological Garden</a>. This was planned as a large society evening entitled <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Das Fest des Nosferatu</i></span></i> (Festival of Nosferatu), and guests were asked to arrive dressed in <a href="/wiki/Biedermeier" title="Biedermeier">Biedermeier</a> costume. The German cinema premiere itself took place on 15 March 1922 at Berlin's <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Primus-Palast</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1930s sound version <i>Die zwölfte Stunde – Eine Nacht des Grauens</i> (<i>The Twelfth Hour: A Night of Horror</i>), which is less commonly known, was a completely unauthorized and re-edited version of the film. It was released in <a href="/wiki/Vienna,_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Vienna, Austria">Vienna, Austria</a> on 16 May 1930 with sound-on-disc accompaniment and a recomposition of <a href="/wiki/Hans_Erdmann" title="Hans Erdmann">Hans Erdmann</a>'s original score by Georg Fiebiger, a German production manager and composer of film music. It had an alternative ending lighter than the original and the characters were renamed again; Count Orlok's name was changed to Prince Wolkoff, Knock became Karsten, Hutter and Ellen became Kundberg and Margitta, and Annie was changed to Maria.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version, of which Murnau was unaware, contained many scenes filmed by Murnau but not previously released. It also contained additional footage not filmed by Murnau but by a cameraman, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Krampf" title="Günther Krampf">Günther Krampf</a>, under the direction of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldemar_Roger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waldemar Roger (page does not exist)">Waldemar Roger</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldemar_Roger" class="extiw" title="de:Waldemar Roger">de</a>]</span> (also known as Waldemar Ronger),<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> supposedly also a film editor and lab chemist.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The name of director F. W. Murnau is no longer mentioned in the credits.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This version, lasting approximately 80 minutes, was presented on 5 June 1981 at the <a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinémathèque Française">Cinémathèque Française</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception_and_legacy">Reception and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Reception and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Nosferatu</i> brought Murnau into the public eye, especially when his film <i>Der brennende Acker</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Burning_Soil" title="The Burning Soil">The Burning Soil</a></i>) was released a few days later. The press reported extensively on <i>Nosferatu</i> and its premiere. With the laudatory votes, there was also occasional criticism that the technical perfection and clarity of the images did not fit the horror theme. The <i>Filmkurier</i> of 6 March 1922 said that the vampire appeared too corporeal and brightly lit to appear genuinely scary. Hans Wollenberg described the film in <i>photo-Stage</i> No. 11 of 11 March 1922 as a "sensation" and praised Murnau's nature shots as "mood-creating elements."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>Vossische Zeitung</i> of 7 March 1922, <i>Nosferatu</i> was praised for its visual style.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Nosferatu</i> was also the first film to show a vampire dying from exposure to sunlight. Previous vampire novels such as <i>Dracula</i> had shown them being uncomfortable with sunlight, but not undeath-threateningly so.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NosferatuShadow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/NosferatuShadow.jpg/220px-NosferatuShadow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/NosferatuShadow.jpg/330px-NosferatuShadow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/NosferatuShadow.jpg/440px-NosferatuShadow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="455" /></a><figcaption>An iconic shot of the shadow of Count Orlok ascending a staircase</figcaption></figure> <p>The film has received overwhelmingly positive reviews. On <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review aggregator</a> website <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, the film holds an approval rating of 97% based on 63 reviews, with an average rating of 9.05/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "One of the silent era's most influential masterpieces, <i>Nosferatu</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s eerie, gothic feel – and a chilling performance from Max Schreck as the vampire – set the template for the horror films that followed."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Vatican</a> included <i>Nosferatu</i> on a <a href="/wiki/Vatican%27s_list_of_films" title="Vatican's list of films">list of 45 important films</a> that people should watch.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was ranked twenty-first in <i><a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a></i> magazine's "The 100 Best Films of World Cinema" in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1997, critic <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> added <i>Nosferatu</i> to his list of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Movies" title="The Great Movies">The Great Movies</a></i>, writing: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> Here is the story of Dracula before it was buried alive in clichés, jokes, TV skits, cartoons and more than 30 other films. The film is in awe of its material. It seems to really believe in vampires. ...Is Murnau's <i>Nosferatu</i> scary in the modern sense? Not for me. I admire it more for its artistry and ideas, its atmosphere and images, than for its ability to manipulate my emotions like a skillful modern horror film. It knows none of the later tricks of the trade, like <a href="/wiki/Jump_scare" title="Jump scare">sudden threats that pop in from the side of the screen</a>. But <i>Nosferatu</i> remains effective: It doesn't scare us, but it haunts us.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> In 1993, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Are_You_Afraid_of_the_Dark%3F_episodes" title="List of Are You Afraid of the Dark? episodes">15th episode</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">Nickelodeon</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/Are_You_Afraid_of_the_Dark%3F" title="Are You Afraid of the Dark?">Are You Afraid of the Dark?</a></i> featured a "special" screening of <i>Nosferatu.</i> After the screening, Count Orlok emerges from the screen into the real world and begins stalking victims in the theater. </p><p>The 2000 film <i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_of_the_Vampire" title="Shadow of the Vampire">Shadow of the Vampire</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/E._Elias_Merhige" title="E. Elias Merhige">E. Elias Merhige</a>, is a fictionalized take on the making of <i>Nosferatu</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022 an exhibition <i>Phantoms of the Night. 100 Years of "Nosferatu"</i> opens in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The short movie <i>F.W.M. Symphony</i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H%C3%B6rl_(artist)" title="Thomas Hörl (artist)">Thomas Hörl</a>, released in late 2022 is a homage to <i>Nosferatu,</i> and also depicts the theft of Murnau's skull from his family tomb in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Home_media_and_copyright_status">Home media and copyright status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Home media and copyright status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm/220px--Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="5060" data-mwtitle="Nosferatu_(1922,_English_titles_1947).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Nosferatu_(1922,_English_titles_1947).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm/Nosferatu_%281922%2C_English_titles_1947%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><i>Nosferatu</i> scoreless <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> version from 1947 with English intertitles, using the original character names from Bram Stoker's novel (the vampire is named Count Dracula as well as Nosferatu in this version)</figcaption></figure><p><i>Nosferatu</i> only entered the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> worldwide by the end of 2019. Despite this, the film had already been subject to widespread circulation via a sped-up, unrestored black and white <a href="/wiki/Bootleg_recording" title="Bootleg recording">bootleg</a> copy.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning in 1981, the film has had various different official restorations, several of which have been issued on home video in the U.S., Europe and Australia. These versions, which are all <a href="/wiki/Film_tinting" title="Film tinting">tinted</a>, speed-corrected and have specially recorded scores, are separately copyrighted with respect to new copyrightable elements.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recent restoration, completed in 2005/2006, has been released on DVD and Blu-ray throughout the world, and features a reconstruction of Hans Erdmann's original score by Berndt Heller.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remakes">Remakes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Remakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977, Spanish amateur filmmaker José Ernesto Díaz Noriega added humorous and iconoclastic dialogues to the film. His adaptation or <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tournement" title="Détournement">détournement</a>, titled <i>Manuscrito encontrato en Zarazwela or Nos fera tu la pugnete</i>, was based on a S8 mm print of the English version. "Observing the curious coincidence of the fiction that is related in the film with history",<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Díaz Noriega adapted <i>Nosferatu</i>'s plot to the years of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition to democracy</a>: Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Arias_Navarro" title="Carlos Arias Navarro">Arias Navarro</a> becomes Draculas Navarro and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">Juan Carlos de Borbón</a> becomes Jonathan Carolus (prince of Franconia). The original Transylvania becomes Galitzia and the Pazo de Meirás becomes the vampire's castle. All Murnau's characters find equivalence in the political actors of the Spanish transition to democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 1979 adaptation of Bram Stoker's novel <i>Dracula</i> by director <a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_the_Vampyre" title="Nosferatu the Vampyre">Nosferatu the Vampyre</a></i>, starred <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Kinski" title="Klaus Kinski">Klaus Kinski</a> (as Count Dracula, not Count Orlok).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film is a remake of the 1922 film with character names that are faithful to the novel. </p><p>A remake by director David Lee Fisher was in development after being successfully funded on <a href="/wiki/Kickstarter" title="Kickstarter">Kickstarter</a> on 3 December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 13 April 2016, it was reported that <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(actor)" title="Doug Jones (actor)">Doug Jones</a> had been cast as Count Orlok in the film and that filming had begun. The film would use green screen to insert colorized backgrounds from the original film atop live-action, a process Fisher previously used for his remake <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cabinet_of_Dr._Caligari_(2005_film)" title="The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (2005 film)">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari</a></i> (2005).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2023, it premiered at the Emagine Theater in <a href="/wiki/Novi,_Michigan" title="Novi, Michigan">Novi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later released on <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a> via <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a> in September 2024 and on streaming though <a href="/wiki/Apple_TV%2B" title="Apple TV+">Apple TV+</a> on 18 October 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2015, <a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(2024_film)" title="Nosferatu (2024 film)">a remake</a> was announced with <a href="/wiki/Robert_Eggers" title="Robert Eggers">Robert Eggers</a> writing and directing. The film was intended to be produced by Jay Van Hoy and <a href="/wiki/Lars_Knudsen_(producer)" title="Lars Knudsen (producer)">Lars Knudsen</a> for Studio 8.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2016, Eggers expressed surprise that the <i>Nosferatu</i> remake was going to be his second film, saying "It feels ugly and blasphemous and egomaniacal and disgusting for a filmmaker in my place to do <i>Nosferatu</i> next. I was really planning on waiting a while, but that's how fate shook out."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Anya_Taylor-Joy" title="Anya Taylor-Joy">Anya Taylor-Joy</a> would be featured in the film in an unknown role.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in a 2019 interview, Eggers claimed that he was unsure as to whether the film would still be made, saying "...<span class="nowrap"> </span>But also, I don't know, maybe <i>Nosferatu</i> doesn't need to be made again, even though I've spent so much time on that."<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was reported in September 2022 that Eggers' remake would be distributed by <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Bill_Skarsg%C3%A5rd" title="Bill Skarsgård">Bill Skarsgård</a> set to star as Orlok and <a href="/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp" title="Lily-Rose Depp">Lily-Rose Depp</a> as Ellen Hutter. <a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hoult" title="Nicholas Hoult">Nicholas Hoult</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emma_Corrin" title="Emma Corrin">Emma Corrin</a> will also be part of the cast.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film wrapped <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">principal photography</a> on 19 May 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film's first teaser trailer was released on 24 June 2024, and it confirmed that the film will be released on 25 December 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The 1979 album <i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(Hugh_Cornwell_and_Robert_Williams_album)" title="Nosferatu (Hugh Cornwell and Robert Williams album)">Nosferatu</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Cornwell" title="Hugh Cornwell">Hugh Cornwell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Williams_(drummer)" title="Robert Williams (drummer)">Robert Williams</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Homage_(arts)" title="Homage (arts)">homage</a> to the film, featuring a still from the movie on the front cover and a dedication to <a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a>.</li> <li>The television miniseries adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Salem%27s_Lot_(1979_miniseries)" title="Salem's Lot (1979 miniseries)">Salem's Lot</a></i> (1979) took inspiration from <i>Nosferatu</i> for the appearance of its villain, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Barlow" title="Kurt Barlow">Kurt Barlow</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reggie_Nalder" title="Reggie Nalder">Reggie Nalder</a>). The film's producer Richard Kobritz stated that: "We went back to the old German Nosferatu concept where he is the essence of evil, and not anything romantic or smarmy, or, you know, the rouge-cheeked, widow-peaked Dracula."<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>French <a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock" title="Progressive rock">progressive rock</a> outfit <a href="/wiki/Art_Zoyd" title="Art Zoyd">Art Zoyd</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(Art_Zoyd_album)" title="Nosferatu (Art Zoyd album)">Nosferatu</a></i> (1989) on Mantra Records, composed the cues to correspond with an edited and unrestored version of the film.<sup id="cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_J._Taylor" title="Bernard J. Taylor">Bernard J. Taylor</a> adapted the story into the 1995 musical <i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_The_Vampire_(musical)" title="Nosferatu The Vampire (musical)">Nosferatu the Vampire</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title character is called Nosferatu, and the plot of the musical follows the plot of Murnau's film, yet other characters’ names are reverted to names from the novel (Mina, Van Helsing, etc.).</li> <li>Count Orlok has made multiple appearances in <i><a href="/wiki/SpongeBob_SquarePants" title="SpongeBob SquarePants">SpongeBob SquarePants</a></i>, most notably at the end of the episode "<a href="/wiki/Graveyard_Shift_(SpongeBob_SquarePants)" title="Graveyard Shift (SpongeBob SquarePants)">Graveyard Shift</a>", where Count Orlok is revealed to be responsible for flickering lights in the <a href="/wiki/Krusty_Krab" title="Krusty Krab">Krusty Krab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OralHistory_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OralHistory-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NOS-4-A2 a robotic vampire based on Nosferatu made multiple appearances in <i><a href="/wiki/Buzz_Lightyear_of_Star_Command" title="Buzz Lightyear of Star Command">Buzz Lightyear of Star Command</a></i>.</li> <li>The 2000 film <i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_of_the_Vampire" title="Shadow of the Vampire">Shadow of the Vampire</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/E._Elias_Merhige" title="E. Elias Merhige">E. Elias Merhige</a> and written by <a href="/wiki/Steven_A._Katz" title="Steven A. Katz">Steven A. Katz</a>, is a fictionalized account of the making of <i>Nosferatu</i> in which <a href="/wiki/Max_Schreck" title="Max Schreck">Max Schreck</a> is portrayed as an actual vampire whom <a href="/wiki/F.W._Murnau" class="mw-redirect" title="F.W. Murnau">F.W. Murnau</a> allows to kill his actors and crew on film in order to create a sense of "<a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">realism</a>". It stars <a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> as Schreck and <a href="/wiki/John_Malkovich" title="John Malkovich">John Malkovich</a> as Murnau. The film was nominated for two <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> at the <a href="/wiki/73rd_Academy_Awards" title="73rd Academy Awards">73rd Academy Awards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>An operatic version of <i>Nosferatu</i> was composed by Alva Henderson in 2004, with libretto by <a href="/wiki/Dana_Gioia" title="Dana Gioia">Dana Gioia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was released on CD in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 28 October 2012, as part of the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio" title="BBC Radio">BBC Radio</a> "Gothic Imagination" series, the film was reimagined on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a> as the radio play <i>Midnight Cry of the Deathbird</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2018, the video game <a href="/wiki/Red_Dead_Redemption_2" title="Red Dead Redemption 2">Red Dead Redemption 2</a> was released, where you can enounter a vampire whose appearance is based on Count Orlock.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2023, the Los Angeles experimental puppet troupe Freak Nature Puppets performed <i>Nosferatu's Sweet 16</i>. The comedy musical was a loose sequel to the original film, and followed the story of Count Orlok's daughter. <i>Nosferatu's Sweet 16</i> premiered at the Spaghetti Festival at the Elysian Theater in Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Puerto Rican singer <a href="/wiki/Bad_Bunny" title="Bad Bunny">Bad Bunny</a>'s 2023 music video for "<a href="/wiki/Baticano" title="Baticano">Baticano</a>" is based on and is a tribute to the film.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2024, Void ov Voices, the one man <a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">black metal</a> band of <a href="/wiki/Attila_Csihar" title="Attila Csihar">Attila Csihar</a>, the vocalist of <a href="/wiki/Mayhem_(band)" title="Mayhem (band)">Mayhem</a>, did a tour where he performed the film music during the projection.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Trumpet01.svg/32px-Trumpet01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Trumpet01.svg/48px-Trumpet01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Trumpet01.svg/64px-Trumpet01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="170" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:1920s" title="Portal:1920s">1920s portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/32px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/48px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/64px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Germany" title="Portal:Germany">Germany portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_films_of_1919%E2%80%931932" title="List of German films of 1919–1932">List of German films of 1919–1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best" class="mw-redirect" title="List of films considered the best">List of films considered the best</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BrentonFilm-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/articles/nosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide">"Nosferatu: History and Home Video Guide"</a>. <i>Brenton Film</i>. 18 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brenton+Film&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%3A+History+and+Home+Video+Guide&rft.date=2015-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brentonfilm.com%2Farticles%2Fnosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BrentonFilm_1920s_Screenings-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BrentonFilm_1920s_Screenings_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/articles/nosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-2">"Nosferatu: History and Home Video Guide, Part 2: 1920s Screenings"</a>. <i>Brenton Film</i>. 30 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brenton+Film&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%3A+History+and+Home+Video+Guide%2C+Part+2%3A+1920s+Screenings&rft.date=2016-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brentonfilm.com%2Farticles%2Fnosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/04/05/all-copies-of-the-cult-classic-nosferatu-were-ordered-to-be-destroyed-after-bram-stokers-widow-had-sued-the-makers-of-the-film-for-copyright-infringement/">"All copies of the cult classic "Nosferatu" were ordered to be destroyed"</a>. 5 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+copies+of+the+cult+classic+%22Nosferatu%22+were+ordered+to+be+destroyed&rft.date=2017-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thevintagenews.com%2F2017%2F04%2F05%2Fall-copies-of-the-cult-classic-nosferatu-were-ordered-to-be-destroyed-after-bram-stokers-widow-had-sued-the-makers-of-the-film-for-copyright-infringement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalat2013" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Kalat, David (2013). <i>Nosferatu</i> (Blu-ray audio commentary to the film). Eureka Entertainment.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nosferatu&rft.pub=Eureka+Entertainment&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Kalat&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/features/100-greatest-world-cinema-films/default.asp?film=21">"The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+100+Best+Films+Of+World+Cinema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Ffeatures%2F100-greatest-world-cinema-films%2Fdefault.asp%3Ffilm%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111013085354/http://www.film.com/movies/whats-the-big-deal-nosferatu-1922#fbid=cLMo8e-acRk">"What's the Big Deal?: Nosferatu (1922) (archived October 13, 2011)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.film.com/movies/whats-the-big-deal-nosferatu-1922#fbid=cLMo8e-acRk">the original</a> on 13 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What%27s+the+Big+Deal%3F%3A+Nosferatu+%281922%29+%28archived+October+13%2C+2011%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.film.com%2Fmovies%2Fwhats-the-big-deal-nosferatu-1922%23fbid%3DcLMo8e-acRk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarriottNewman201820-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarriottNewman201820_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarriottNewman2018">Marriott & Newman 2018</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlinowskiGarbicz2012" class="citation book cs1">Klinowski, Jacek; Garbicz, Adam (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lpp93FevM2cC&pg=PA1920-IA11"><i>Feature Cinema in the 20th Century: Volume One: 1913–1950: a Comprehensive Guide</i></a>. Planet RGB Limited. p. 1920. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781624075643" title="Special:BookSources/9781624075643"><bdi>9781624075643</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Feature+Cinema+in+the+20th+Century%3A+Volume+One%3A+1913%E2%80%931950%3A+a+Comprehensive+Guide&rft.pages=1920&rft.pub=Planet+RGB+Limited&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781624075643&rft.aulast=Klinowski&rft.aufirst=Jacek&rft.au=Garbicz%2C+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlpp93FevM2cC%26pg%3DPA1920-IA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giesen_109-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Giesen_109_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Giesen">Giesen 2019 page 109</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giesen_108-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Giesen_108_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Giesen_108_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Giesen">Giesen 2019 page 108</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giesen_108–109-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Giesen_108–109_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Giesen">Giesen 2019 pages 108–109</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magistrale_25–26-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25–26_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Magistrale">Magistrale 2005 page 25–26</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magistrale_25-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magistrale_25_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Magistrale">Magistrale 2005 page 25</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joslin_15-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joslin_15_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Joslin">Joslin 2017 page 15</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Golem, Caligari, Nosferatu – A Chronicle of German Film Fantasy</i> (2022) by Rolf Giesen</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson_20-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson_20_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson_20_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Jackson">Jackson 2013 page 20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vampires on the Silent Screen: Cinema’s First Age of Vampires 1897–1922 (2023) by David Annwn Jones, pp. 169, 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vampires on the Silent Screen: Cinema's First Age of Vampires 1897–1922</i> (2023) by David Annwn Jones, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vampires on the Silent Screen: Cinema's First Age of Vampires 1897–1922</i> (2023) by David Annwn Jones, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Movie Magick: The Occult in Film</i> (2018) by David Huckvale, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Movie Magick: The Occult in Film</i> (2018) by David Huckvale, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elhype.com/en/nosferatu-esotericism-and-terror/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Nosferatu': A Century of Esotericism and Terror"</a>. 30 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Nosferatu%27%3A+A+Century+of+Esotericism+and+Terror&rft.date=2022-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felhype.com%2Fen%2Fnosferatu-esotericism-and-terror%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alexanderandsonsrestorations.com/vampires-great-war/">"Of Vampires and the Great War"</a>. 30 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Of+Vampires+and+the+Great+War&rft.date=2014-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falexanderandsonsrestorations.com%2Fvampires-great-war%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vampires on the Silent Screen: Cinema’s First Age of Vampires 1897–1922</i> (2023) by David Annwn Jones, pp.169, 183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsaesser2001" class="citation journal cs1">Elsaesser, Thomas (February 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210223826/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/92">"Six Degrees Of Nosferatu"</a>. <i>Sight and Sound</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-4806">0037-4806</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/92">the original</a> on 10 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sight+and+Sound&rft.atitle=Six+Degrees+Of+Nosferatu&rft.date=2001-02&rft.issn=0037-4806&rft.aulast=Elsaesser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.bfi.org.uk%2Fsightandsound%2Ffeature%2F92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMückenberger1993" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mückenberger, Christiane (1993), "Nosferatu", in Dahlke, Günther; Karl, Günter (eds.), <i>Deutsche Spielfilme von den Anfängen bis 1933</i> (in German), Berlin: Henschel Verlag, p. 71, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-89487-009-5" title="Special:BookSources/3-89487-009-5"><bdi>3-89487-009-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nosferatu&rft.btitle=Deutsche+Spielfilme+von+den+Anf%C3%A4ngen+bis+1933&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Henschel+Verlag&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=3-89487-009-5&rft.aulast=M%C3%BCckenberger&rft.aufirst=Christiane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tobias Churton. <i>The Beast in Berlin: Art, Sex and Magick in the Weimar Republic</i>. Rochester, VT: Inner Traditions,2014, p. 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Silent_Screen_2023_p.184_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vampires on the Silent Screen: Cinema’s First Age of Vampires 1897–1922</i> (2023) by David Annwn Jones, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eisner67-27-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eisner67-27_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eisner67-27_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Eisner67">Eisner 1967 page 27</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Conrad Veidt, Demon of the Silver Screen: His Life and Works in Context</i> (2023) by Sabine Schwientek, p. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVotruba" class="citation web cs1">Votruba, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pitt.edu/~votruba/sstopics/movieclips/slovakianosferatulocations.html">"Nosferatu (1922) Slovak Locations"</a>. <i>Slovak Studies Program</i>. University of Pittsburgh.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slovak+Studies+Program&rft.atitle=Nosferatu+%281922%29+Slovak+Locations&rft.aulast=Votruba&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pitt.edu%2F~votruba%2Fsstopics%2Fmovieclips%2Fslovakianosferatulocations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Prinzler">Prinzler page 222</a>: Luciano Berriatúa and Camille Blot in section: <i>Zur Überlieferung der Filme</i>. Then it was usual to use at least two cameras in parallel to maximize the number of copies for distribution. One negative would serve for local use and another for foreign distribution.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Eisner67">Eisner 1967 page 28</a> Since vampires dying in daylight appears neither in Stoker's work nor in Galeen's script, this concept has been solely attributed to Murnau.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Koller2000" class="citation cs2">Michael Koller (July 2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090705132857/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/00/8/nosferatu.html">"Nosferatu"</a>, <i>Issue 8, July–Aug 2000</i>, senses of cinema, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/00/8/nosferatu.html">the original</a> on 5 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Issue+8%2C+July%E2%80%93Aug+2000&rft.atitle=Nosferatu&rft.date=2000-07&rft.au=Michael+Koller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.sensesofcinema.com%2Fcontents%2Fcteq%2F00%2F8%2Fnosferatu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Grafe">Grafe page 117</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Randall D. Larson (1996). "An Interview with James Bernard" <i>Soundtrack Magazine</i>. Vol 15, No 58, cited in Randall D. Larson (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150114010054/http://www.runmovies.eu/?p=6789">"James Bernard's Nosferatu"</a>. Retrieved on 31 October 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/24/movies/nosferatu-100-robert-eggers-remake.html">"100 Years of 'Nosferatu,' the Vampire Movie That Won't Die"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 24 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=100+Years+of+%27Nosferatu%2C%27+the+Vampire+Movie+That+Won%27t+Die&rft.date=2022-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F03%2F24%2Fmovies%2Fnosferatu-100-robert-eggers-remake.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Movie Magick: The Occult in Film</i> (2018) by David Huckvale, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Eisner">Eisner page 60</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"ADVERTENTIEN". <i><a href="/wiki/Haagsche_Courant" title="Haagsche Courant">Haagsche Courant</a></i>. 16 February 1922. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haagsche+Courant&rft.atitle=ADVERTENTIEN&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1922-02-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmportal.de/person/waldemar-ronger_3a62870302144e28b1c4503c95b7d46e">"Waldemar Ronger"</a>. <i>www.filmportal.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.filmportal.de&rft.atitle=Waldemar+Ronger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmportal.de%2Fperson%2Fwaldemar-ronger_3a62870302144e28b1c4503c95b7d46e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2016" class="citation web cs1">Reid, Brent (2 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/nosferatu-chronicles-from-the-vaults">"Nosferatu: Chronicles from the Vaults"</a>. <i>brentonfilm.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=brentonfilm.com&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%3A+Chronicles+from+the+Vaults&rft.date=2016-12-02&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brentonfilm.com%2Fnosferatu-chronicles-from-the-vaults&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrinzler2003" class="citation book cs1">Prinzler, Hans Helmut, ed. (2003). <i>Murnau – Ein Melancholiker des Films</i>. Berlin: Stiftung Deutsche Kinemathek. Bertz. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-929470-25-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-929470-25-X"><bdi>3-929470-25-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Murnau+%E2%80%93+Ein+Melancholiker+des+Films&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Stiftung+Deutsche+Kinemathek.+Bertz&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-929470-25-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181007145641/http://www.filmhistoriker.de/films/nosferatu.htm">"Nosferatu"</a>. <i>www.filmhistoriker.de</i> (in German). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmhistoriker.de/films/nosferatu.htm">the original</a> on 7 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2018</span>. <q>Murnau, sein Bildlenker, stellt die Bildchen, sorglich durchgearbeitet, in sich abgeschlossen. Das Schloß des Entsetzens, das Haus des Nosferatu sind packende Leistungen. Ein Motiv-Museum.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.filmhistoriker.de&rft.atitle=Nosferatu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmhistoriker.de%2Ffilms%2Fnosferatu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScivally2015" class="citation book cs1">Scivally, Bruce (1 September 2015). <i>Dracula FAQ: All That's Left to Know About the Count from Transylvania</i>. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61713-636-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61713-636-8"><bdi>978-1-61713-636-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dracula+FAQ%3A+All+That%27s+Left+to+Know+About+the+Count+from+Transylvania&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.isbn=978-1-61713-636-8&rft.aulast=Scivally&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/nosferatu/">"Nosferatu, a Symphony of Horror (Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens) (Nosferatu the Vampire) (1922)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango Media</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%2C+a+Symphony+of+Horror+%28Nosferatu%2C+eine+Symphonie+des+Grauens%29+%28Nosferatu+the+Vampire%29+%281922%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fnosferatu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://decentfilms.com/articles/vaticanfilmlist">"The Vatican Film List"</a>. <i>Decent Films</i>. SDQ reviews<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Decent+Films&rft.atitle=The+Vatican+Film+List&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdecentfilms.com%2Farticles%2Fvaticanfilmlist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/features/100-greatest-world-cinema-films/default.asp?film=21">"The 100 Best Films of World Cinema: 21 Nosferatu"</a>. <i>Empire</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=The+100+Best+Films+of+World+Cinema%3A+21+Nosferatu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Ffeatures%2F100-greatest-world-cinema-films%2Fdefault.asp%3Ffilm%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (28 September 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-nosferatu-1922">"Nosferatu Movie Review & Film Summary (1922)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RogerEbert.com" title="RogerEbert.com">RogerEbert.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=Nosferatu+Movie+Review+%26+Film+Summary+%281922%29&rft.date=1997-09-28&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Freviews%2Fgreat-movie-nosferatu-1922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nosferatuinberlin.de/en/">"Phantome der Nacht. 100 Jahre Nosferatu"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phantome+der+Nacht.+100+Jahre+Nosferatu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnosferatuinberlin.de%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fwms.film/about.html">"F.W.M. – Symphonie"</a>. <i>fwms.film</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fwms.film&rft.atitle=F.W.M.+%E2%80%93+Symphonie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffwms.film%2Fabout.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2018" class="citation web cs1">Reid, Brent (7 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/nosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-3">"Nosferatu: History and Home Video Guide, Part 3"</a>. <i>Brenton Film</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brenton+Film&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%3A+History+and+Home+Video+Guide%2C+Part+3&rft.date=2018-06-07&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brentonfilm.com%2Fnosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2018" class="citation web cs1">Reid, Brent (7 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/nosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-6">"Nosferatu: History and Home Video Guide, Part 6"</a>. <i>Brenton Film</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brenton+Film&rft.atitle=Nosferatu%3A+History+and+Home+Video+Guide%2C+Part+6&rft.date=2018-06-07&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brentonfilm.com%2Fnosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide-part-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cuesta, Xoán; Folgar; Xosé Mª (1983, abril-maio-xuño). "José Ernesto Díaz Noriega, cineasta". <i>Grial</i>, Tomo XXI. Vigo: Galaxia, p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiñuel2019" class="citation web cs1">Piñuel, Enrique (23 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elsaltodiario.com/cine/vampiros-transicion-jose-ernesto-diaz-noriega-nosferatu">"Los vampiros de la transición"</a>. <i>El Salto</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Salto&rft.atitle=Los+vampiros+de+la+transici%C3%B3n&rft.date=2019-03-23&rft.aulast=Pi%C3%B1uel&rft.aufirst=Enrique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elsaltodiario.com%2Fcine%2Fvampiros-transicion-jose-ernesto-diaz-noriega-nosferatu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErickson" class="citation web cs1">Erickson, Hal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120717093933/http://www.allrovi.com/movies/movie/Nosferatu-the-Vampyr-v127854">"Nosferatu the Vampyre"</a>. <i>Allrovi</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allrovi.com/movies/movie/Nosferatu-the-Vampyr-v127854">the original</a> on 17 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allrovi&rft.atitle=Nosferatu+the+Vampyre&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=Hal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allrovi.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie%2FNosferatu-the-Vampyr-v127854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/82215933/nosferatu-the-feature-film-remix/posts/1072789">"Thank you from Doug & David!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kickstarter" title="Kickstarter">Kickstarter</a></i>. 6 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kickstarter&rft.atitle=Thank+you+from+Doug+%26+David%21&rft.date=2014-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kickstarter.com%2Fprojects%2F82215933%2Fnosferatu-the-feature-film-remix%2Fposts%2F1072789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2016/film/news/doug-jones-nosferatu-remake-1201753137/">"Doug Jones to Star in 'Nosferatu' Remake"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i>. 13 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Doug+Jones+to+Star+in+%27Nosferatu%27+Remake&rft.date=2016-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2016%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fdoug-jones-nosferatu-remake-1201753137%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.candgnews.com/news/nosferatu-remake-premieres-in-novi-4013">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Nosferatu' remake premieres in Novi"</a>. <i>C&G Newspaper</i>. 17 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=C%26G+Newspaper&rft.atitle=%27Nosferatu%27+remake+premieres+in+Novi&rft.date=2023-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.candgnews.com%2Fnews%2Fnosferatu-remake-premieres-in-novi-4013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSquires2024" class="citation web cs1">Squires, John (2 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3833987/nosferatu-a-symphony-of-horror-starring-doug-jones-as-count-orlok-releasing-this-month/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror' Starring Doug Jones as Count Orlok Releasing This Month"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Disgusting" title="Bloody Disgusting">Bloody Disgusting</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloody+Disgusting&rft.atitle=%27Nosferatu%3A+A+Symphony+of+Horror%27+Starring+Doug+Jones+as+Count+Orlok+Releasing+This+Month&rft.date=2024-10-02&rft.aulast=Squires&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbloody-disgusting.com%2Fmovie%2F3833987%2Fnosferatu-a-symphony-of-horror-starring-doug-jones-as-count-orlok-releasing-this-month%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleming2015" class="citation news cs1">Fleming, Mike Jr. (28 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2015/07/nosferatu-the-witch-robert-eggers-studio-8-1201486438/">"Studio 8 Sets <i>Nosferatu</i> Remake; <i>The Witch</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Robert Eggers to Write & Direct"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=Studio+8+Sets+Nosferatu+Remake%3B+The+Witch%27s+Robert+Eggers+to+Write+%26+Direct&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Mike+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2015%2F07%2Fnosferatu-the-witch-robert-eggers-studio-8-1201486438%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Falt2016" class="citation news cs1">O'Falt, Chris (11 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2016/11/filmmaker-toolkit-podcast-the-witch-robert-eggers-episode-12-1201745594/">"Filmmaker Toolkit Podcast: <i>Witch</i> Director Robert Eggers' Lifelong Obsession with <i>Nosferatu</i> and His Plans for a Remake (Episode 13)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indiewire" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiewire">Indiewire</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indiewire&rft.atitle=Filmmaker+Toolkit+Podcast%3A+Witch+Director+Robert+Eggers%27+Lifelong+Obsession+with+Nosferatu+and+His+Plans+for+a+Remake+%28Episode+13%29&rft.date=2016-11-11&rft.aulast=O%27Falt&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2016%2F11%2Ffilmmaker-toolkit-podcast-the-witch-robert-eggers-episode-12-1201745594%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2017/film/news/split-anya-taylor-joy-reteams-with-witch-director-on-nosferatu-remake-1202527484/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Split' Star Anya Taylor-Joy Reteams With 'Witch' Director on 'Nosferatu' Remake (EXCLUSIVE)"</a>. 14 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Split%27+Star+Anya+Taylor-Joy+Reteams+With+%27Witch%27+Director+on+%27Nosferatu%27+Remake+%28EXCLUSIVE%29&rft.date=2017-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fsplit-anya-taylor-joy-reteams-with-witch-director-on-nosferatu-remake-1202527484%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/nosferatu-remake-robert-eggers-next-film/">"Robert Eggers on Status of Nosferatu, Prepping Next Film"</a>. 15 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Eggers+on+Status+of+Nosferatu%2C+Prepping+Next+Film&rft.date=2019-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Fmovies%2Fnosferatu-remake-robert-eggers-next-film%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroll2022" class="citation web cs1">Kroll, Justin (30 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2022/09/bill-skarsgard-lily-rose-depp-robert-eggers-nosferatu-focus-1235131507/">"Bill Skarsgard & Lily-Rose Depp To Star In 'Nosferatu', Robert Eggers' Follow-Up To 'Northman' For Focus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deadline_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deadline (website)">Deadline</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+Skarsgard+%26+Lily-Rose+Depp+To+Star+In+%27Nosferatu%27%2C+Robert+Eggers%27+Follow-Up+To+%27Northman%27+For+Focus&rft.pub=Deadline&rft.date=2022-09-30&rft.aulast=Kroll&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2022%2F09%2Fbill-skarsgard-lily-rose-depp-robert-eggers-nosferatu-focus-1235131507%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSquires2023" class="citation web cs1">Squires, John (30 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3764003/filming-on-the-robert-eggers-nosferatu-remake-has-reportedly-wrapped-in-prague/">"Filming on the Robert Eggers 'Nosferatu' Remake Has Reportedly Wrapped in Prague"</a>. <i>Bloody Disgusting!</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloody+Disgusting%21&rft.atitle=Filming+on+the+Robert+Eggers+%27Nosferatu%27+Remake+Has+Reportedly+Wrapped+in+Prague&rft.date=2023-05-30&rft.aulast=Squires&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbloody-disgusting.com%2Fmovie%2F3764003%2Ffilming-on-the-robert-eggers-nosferatu-remake-has-reportedly-wrapped-in-prague%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVito2024" class="citation web cs1">Vito, Jo (24 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://consequence.net/2024/06/bill-skarsgard-nosferatu-trailer-watch/?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR3BXDp1PBdxadzu1CKKPgELyZVxByb3YDm7nV-KxPzizfQxtBfZ97HkKFA_aem_CcX0LXLs5fLUGg3_dv9hxg">"Robert Eggers Offers First Look at Nosferatu in New Teaser Trailer: Watch"</a>. <i>Consequence</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consequence&rft.atitle=Robert+Eggers+Offers+First+Look+at+Nosferatu+in+New+Teaser+Trailer%3A+Watch&rft.date=2024-06-24&rft.aulast=Vito&rft.aufirst=Jo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconsequence.net%2F2024%2F06%2Fbill-skarsgard-nosferatu-trailer-watch%2F%3Ffbclid%3DIwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR3BXDp1PBdxadzu1CKKPgELyZVxByb3YDm7nV-KxPzizfQxtBfZ97HkKFA_aem_CcX0LXLs5fLUGg3_dv9hxg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Cinefantastique Magazine Vol. 9 #2".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cinefantastique+Magazine+Vol.+9+%232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozinn1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Kozinn" title="Allan Kozinn">Kozinn, Allan</a> (23 July 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/23/arts/music-in-review-222591.html">"Music in Review"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Music+in+Review&rft.date=1991-07-23&rft.aulast=Kozinn&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F23%2Farts%2Fmusic-in-review-222591.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/bernard-j-taylor-mn0000859599">"Bernard J. Taylor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Bernard+J.+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fbernard-j-taylor-mn0000859599&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OralHistory-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OralHistory_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeintjes2012" class="citation web cs1">Heintjes, Tom (21 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405050934/http://cartoonician.com/the-oral-history-of-spongebob-squarepants/">"The Oral History of SpongeBob SquarePants"</a>. <i>Hogan's Alley</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cartoonician.com/the-oral-history-of-spongebob-squarepants/">the original</a> on 5 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hogan%27s+Alley&rft.atitle=The+Oral+History+of+SpongeBob+SquarePants&rft.date=2012-09-21&rft.aulast=Heintjes&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcartoonician.com%2Fthe-oral-history-of-spongebob-squarepants%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2000" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._O._Scott" title="A. O. Scott">Scott, A. O.</a> (29 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/29/movies/film-review-son-of-nosferatu-with-a-real-life-monster.html">"FILM REVIEW; Son of 'Nosferatu,' With a Real-Life Monster"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=FILM+REVIEW%3B+Son+of+%27Nosferatu%2C%27+With+a+Real-Life+Monster&rft.date=2000-12-29&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=A.+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2000%2F12%2F29%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-review-son-of-nosferatu-with-a-real-life-monster.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.magcloud.com/user/alvahenderson">"Alva Henderson"</a>. <i>MagCloud.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MagCloud.com&rft.atitle=Alva+Henderson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magcloud.com%2Fuser%2Falvahenderson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rimrockoperafoundation.org/Past_Performance/Nosferatu.html">"HOME | Nosferatu"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HOME+%26%23124%3B+Nosferatu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frimrockoperafoundation.org%2FPast_Performance%2FNosferatu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01nj7fh">"<i>Midnight Cry of the Deathbird</i>, Drama on 3"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midnight+Cry+of+the+Deathbird%2C+Drama+on+3&rft.pub=BBC+Radio+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb01nj7fh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegamer.com/red-dead-redemption-2-find-saint-denis-vampire/">"Red Dead Redemption 2: How To Find The Vampire In Saint Denis"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Red+Dead+Redemption+2%3A+How+To+Find+The+Vampire+In+Saint+Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegamer.com%2Fred-dead-redemption-2-find-saint-denis-vampire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elysiantheater.com/shows/nosferatu">"*SOLD OUT* Nosferatu's Sweet 16 (Spaghetti Festival)"</a>. 2 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%2ASOLD+OUT%2A+Nosferatu%27s+Sweet+16+%28Spaghetti+Festival%29&rft.date=2023-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elysiantheater.com%2Fshows%2Fnosferatu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsmael_Ruiz2023" class="citation web cs1">Ismael Ruiz, Matthew (1 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pitchfork.com/news/bad-bunny-shares-new-video-for-baticano-starring-steve-buscemi/">"Bad Bunny Shares New 'Baticano' Video Co-Starring Steve Buscemi: Watch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=Bad+Bunny+Shares+New+%27Baticano%27+Video+Co-Starring+Steve+Buscemi%3A+Watch&rft.date=2023-11-01&rft.aulast=Ismael+Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpitchfork.com%2Fnews%2Fbad-bunny-shares-new-video-for-baticano-starring-steve-buscemi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231208145624/https://www.vegascene.no/nyheter/inferno-2024-stumfilmkonsert-med-void-ov-voices">"Inferno 2024: Stumfilmkonsert med Void ov Voices"</a>. vegascene.no. December 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vegascene.no/nyheter/inferno-2024-stumfilmkonsert-med-void-ov-voices">the original</a> on 8 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inferno+2024%3A+Stumfilmkonsert+med+Void+ov+Voices&rft.pub=vegascene.no&rft.date=2024-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vegascene.no%2Fnyheter%2Finferno-2024-stumfilmkonsert-med-void-ov-voices&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028195511/https://ghostcultmag.com/inferno-metal-fest-announce-nosferatu-silent-film-concert-with-void-ov-voices-attila-csihar/">"Inferno Metal Fest Announce "Nosferatu" Silent Film Concert with Void ov Voices (Attila Csihar)"</a>. ghostcultmag.com. 24 October 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostcultmag.com/inferno-metal-fest-announce-nosferatu-silent-film-concert-with-void-ov-voices-attila-csihar/">the original</a> on 28 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inferno+Metal+Fest+Announce+%22Nosferatu%22+Silent+Film+Concert+with+Void+ov+Voices+%28Attila+Csihar%29&rft.pub=ghostcultmag.com&rft.date=2023-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fghostcultmag.com%2Finferno-metal-fest-announce-nosferatu-silent-film-concert-with-void-ov-voices-attila-csihar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="filmhistoriker.de" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Brill, Olaf, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090819140316/http://www.filmhistoriker.de/films/nosferatu.htm"><i>Film Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie des Grauens (GER 1922)</i></a> (in German), archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmhistoriker.de/films/nosferatu.htm">the original</a> on 19 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+Nosferatu%2C+Eine+Symphonie+des+Grauens+%28GER+1922%29&rft.aulast=Brill&rft.aufirst=Olaf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmhistoriker.de%2Ffilms%2Fnosferatu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span> (1921-1922 reports and reviews)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Eisner67" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eisner, Lotte H. (1967). <i>Murnau. Der Klassiker des deutschen Films</i> (in German). Velber/Hannover: Friedrich Verlag.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Murnau.+Der+Klassiker+des+deutschen+Films&rft.place=Velber%2FHannover&rft.pub=Friedrich+Verlag&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Eisner&rft.aufirst=Lotte+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Eisner80" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eisner, Lotte H. (1980). <a href="/wiki/Hilmar_Hoffmann" title="Hilmar Hoffmann">Hoffmann, Hilmar</a>; Schobert, Walter (eds.). <i>Die dämonische Leinwand</i> (in German). Frankfurt am Main. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-596-23660-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-596-23660-6"><bdi>3-596-23660-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+d%C3%A4monische+Leinwand&rft.place=Frankfurt+am+Main&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=3-596-23660-6&rft.aulast=Eisner&rft.aufirst=Lotte+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Giesen" class="citation book cs1">Giesen, Rolf (2019). <i>The Nosferatu Story: The Seminal Horror Film, Its Predecessors and Its Enduring Legacy</i>. <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1476672984" title="Special:BookSources/978-1476672984"><bdi>978-1476672984</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Nosferatu+Story%3A+The+Seminal+Horror+Film%2C+Its+Predecessors+and+Its+Enduring+Legacy&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1476672984&rft.aulast=Giesen&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Grafe" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Grafe, Frieda (2003). <a href="/wiki/Enno_Patalas" title="Enno Patalas">Patalas, Enno</a> (ed.). <i>Licht aus Berlin: Lang/Lubitsch/Murnau</i> (in German). Berlin: Verlag Brinkmann & Bose. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3922660811" title="Special:BookSources/978-3922660811"><bdi>978-3922660811</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Licht+aus+Berlin%3A+Lang%2FLubitsch%2FMurnau&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Verlag+Brinkmann+%26+Bose&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-3922660811&rft.aulast=Grafe&rft.aufirst=Frieda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Jackson" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Jackson_(writer)" title="Kevin Jackson (writer)">Jackson, Kevin</a> (2013). <i>Nosferatu eine Symphonie des Grauens</i>. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1844576500" title="Special:BookSources/978-1844576500"><bdi>978-1844576500</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nosferatu+eine+Symphonie+des+Grauens&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1844576500&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Joslin" class="citation book cs1">Joslin, Lyndon W. (2017). <i>Count Dracula Goes to the Movies: Stoker's Novel Adapted</i> (3rd ed.). <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1476669878" title="Special:BookSources/978-1476669878"><bdi>978-1476669878</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Count+Dracula+Goes+to+the+Movies%3A+Stoker%27s+Novel+Adapted&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1476669878&rft.aulast=Joslin&rft.aufirst=Lyndon+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Magistrale" class="citation book cs1">Magistrale, Tony (2005). <i>Abject Terrors: Surveying the Modern and Postmodern Horror Film</i>. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lang_(publisher)" title="Peter Lang (publisher)">Peter Lang</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0820470566" title="Special:BookSources/978-0820470566"><bdi>978-0820470566</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abject+Terrors%3A+Surveying+the+Modern+and+Postmodern+Horror+Film&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0820470566&rft.aulast=Magistrale&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarriottNewman2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Marriott_(author)" title="James Marriott (author)">Marriott, James</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kim_Newman" title="Kim Newman">Newman, Kim</a> (2018) [1st pub. 2006]. <i>The Definitive Guide to Horror Movies</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Carlton_Publishing_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlton Publishing Group">Carlton Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78739-139-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78739-139-0"><bdi>978-1-78739-139-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Definitive+Guide+to+Horror+Movies&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Carlton+Books&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78739-139-0&rft.aulast=Marriott&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Newman%2C+Kim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Prinzler" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meßlinger, Karin; Thomas, Vera (2003). Prinzler, Hans Helmut (ed.). <i>Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau: ein Melancholiker des Films</i> (in German). Berlin: Bertz Verlag GbR. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-929470-25-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-929470-25-X"><bdi>3-929470-25-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Friedrich+Wilhelm+Murnau%3A+ein+Melancholiker+des+Films&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Bertz+Verlag+GbR&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-929470-25-X&rft.aulast=Me%C3%9Flinger&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Vera&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANosferatu" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nosferatu" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nosferatu">Nosferatu</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nosferatu" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Nosferatu">Nosferatu</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nosferatu" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Nosferatu">Nosferatu</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0013442/"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v35687"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/nosferatu"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/5893/enwp"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brentonfilm.com/articles/nosferatu-history-and-home-video-guide"><i>Nosferatu</i>: History and Home Video Guide</a> at Brenton Film</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Nosferatu_DVD_quality/nosferatu-1of5.mpg">Nosferatu</a></i> is available for free viewing and download at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nosferatu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nosferatu" title="Template:Nosferatu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nosferatu" title="Template talk:Nosferatu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nosferatu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nosferatu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nosferatu" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nosferatu</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker" title="Bram Stoker">Bram Stoker</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Later films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_the_Vampyre" title="Nosferatu the Vampyre">Nosferatu the Vampyre</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampire_in_Venice" title="Vampire in Venice">Vampire in Venice</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_Twist" title="Transylvania Twist">Transylvania Twist</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_of_the_Vampire" title="Shadow of the Vampire">Shadow of the Vampire</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(2024_film)" title="Nosferatu (2024 film)">Nosferatu</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_(1922).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Max Schreck as Count Orlok"><img alt="Max Schreck as Count Orlok" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/100px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/150px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg/200px-Max_Schreck_as_Count_Orlok_in_Nosferatu_%E2%80%93_Eine_Symphonie_des_Grauens_%281922%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Spectres_(album)" title="Spectres (album)">Nosferatu</a>" (1977 song)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(Popol_Vuh_album)" title="Nosferatu (Popol Vuh album)"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> (1978 album)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(Hugh_Cornwell_and_Robert_Williams_album)" title="Nosferatu (Hugh Cornwell and Robert Williams album)"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> (1979 album)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(Art_Zoyd_album)" title="Nosferatu (Art Zoyd album)"><i>Nosferatu</i></a> (1989 album)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_The_Vampire_(musical)" title="Nosferatu The Vampire (musical)"><i>Nosferatu The Vampire</i></a> (1995 musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Land_of_Phantoms" title="Into the Land of Phantoms">Into the Land of Phantoms</a></i> (2002 album)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(album)" title="Thunderbolt (album)">Nosferatu (The Vampire's Waltz)</a>" (2018 song)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Graveyard_Shift_(SpongeBob_SquarePants)" title="Graveyard Shift (SpongeBob SquarePants)">Graveyard Shift</a>" (<a href="/wiki/SpongeBob_SquarePants_season_2" title="SpongeBob SquarePants season 2"><i>SpongeBob SquarePants</i></a>, 2002)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Flicker_(American_Horror_Story)" title="Flicker (American Horror Story)">Flicker</a>" (<i><a href="/wiki/American_Horror_Story:_Hotel" title="American Horror Story: Hotel">American Horror Story: Hotel</a></i>, 2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_the_Vampyre_(video_game)" title="Nosferatu the Vampyre (video game)">Nosferatu the Vampyre</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(video_game)" title="Nosferatu (video game)">Nosferatu</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu:_The_Wrath_of_Malachi" title="Nosferatu: The Wrath of Malachi">Nosferatu: The Wrath of Malachi</a></i> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu:_Plague_of_Terror" title="Nosferatu: Plague of Terror">Nosferatu: Plague of Terror</a></i> (1991–1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(comics)" title="Nosferatu (comics)">Nosferatu</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutter" title="Thomas Hutter">Thomas Hutter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bram_Stoker&#039;s_Dracula" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dracula" title="Template:Dracula"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dracula" title="Template talk:Dracula"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dracula" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dracula"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bram_Stoker&#039;s_Dracula" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker" title="Bram Stoker">Bram Stoker</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Universe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula" title="Count Dracula">Count Dracula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Van_Helsing" title="Abraham Van Helsing">Abraham Van Helsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Harker" title="Jonathan Harker">Jonathan Harker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_Harker" title="Mina Harker">Mina Harker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Westenra" title="Lucy Westenra">Lucy Westenra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Holmwood" title="Arthur Holmwood">Arthur Holmwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Seward" title="John Seward">Dr. John Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincey_Morris" title="Quincey Morris">Quincey Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renfield" title="Renfield">Renfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brides_of_Dracula" title="Brides of Dracula">Brides of Dracula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula" title="Dracula">Dracula</a></i> (1897)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_Darkness" title="Powers of Darkness">Powers of Darkness</a></i> (1899) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_Darkness_(Iceland)" title="Powers of Darkness (Iceland)">Icelandic</a></li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Guest" title="Dracula's Guest">Dracula's Guest</a>" (1914)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Guest_and_Other_Weird_Stories" title="Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories">Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories</a></i> (1914)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dacre_Stoker" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dacre_Stoker" title="Dacre Stoker">Dacre Stoker</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_the_Un-dead" title="Dracula the Un-dead">Dracula the Un-dead</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracul_(novel)" title="Dracul (novel)">Dracul</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Possible inspirations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_II_Dracul" title="Vlad II Dracul">Vlad II Dracul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_C%C4%83lug%C4%83rul" title="Vlad Călugărul">Vlad Călugărul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler" title="Vlad the Impaler">Vlad the Impaler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Castles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Dracula" title="Castle Dracula">Castle Dracula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bran_Castle" title="Bran Castle">Bran Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poenari_Castle" title="Poenari Castle">Poenari Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvin_Castle" title="Corvin Castle">Corvin Castle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Films" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Universal_film_series)" title="Dracula (Universal film series)">Universal<br />series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1931_English-language_film)" title="Dracula (1931 English-language film)">Dracula</a></i> (1931 English-language)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1931_Spanish-language_film)" title="Dracula (1931 Spanish-language film)">Dracula</a></i> (1931 Spanish-language)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Daughter" title="Dracula's Daughter">Dracula's Daughter</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Dracula_(1943_film)" title="Son of Dracula (1943 film)">Son of Dracula</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Frankenstein_(film)" title="House of Frankenstein (film)">House of Frankenstein</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Dracula" title="House of Dracula">House of Dracula</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abbott_and_Costello_Meet_Frankenstein" title="Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein">Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein</a></i> (1948)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Hammer_film_series)" title="Dracula (Hammer film series)">Hammer Horror</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1958_film)" title="Dracula (1958 film)">Dracula</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brides_of_Dracula" title="The Brides of Dracula">The Brides of Dracula</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Prince_of_Darkness" title="Dracula: Prince of Darkness">Dracula: Prince of Darkness</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Has_Risen_from_the_Grave" title="Dracula Has Risen from the Grave">Dracula Has Risen from the Grave</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taste_the_Blood_of_Dracula" title="Taste the Blood of Dracula">Taste the Blood of Dracula</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scars_of_Dracula" title="Scars of Dracula">Scars of Dracula</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_A.D._1972" title="Dracula A.D. 1972">Dracula A.D. 1972</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Satanic_Rites_of_Dracula" title="The Satanic Rites of Dracula">The Satanic Rites of Dracula</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_the_7_Golden_Vampires" title="The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires">The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires</a></i> (1974)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Dracula 2000</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_2000" title="Dracula 2000">Dracula 2000</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_II:_Ascension" title="Dracula II: Ascension">Dracula II: Ascension</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_III:_Legacy" title="Dracula III: Legacy">Dracula III: Legacy</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Nosferatu</i> films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nosferatu</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_the_Vampyre" title="Nosferatu the Vampyre">Nosferatu the Vampyre</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampire_in_Venice" title="Vampire in Venice">Nosferatu in Venice</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_of_the_Vampire" title="Shadow of the Vampire">Shadow of the Vampire</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nosferatu_(2024_film)" title="Nosferatu (2024 film)">Nosferatu</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania" title="Hotel Transylvania">Hotel <br />Transylvania </a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania_(film)" title="Hotel Transylvania (film)">Hotel Transylvania</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania_2" title="Hotel Transylvania 2">Hotel Transylvania 2</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania_3:_Summer_Vacation" title="Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation">Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania:_Transformania" title="Hotel Transylvania: Transformania">Hotel Transylvania: Transformania</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_6-5000_(1963_film)" title="Transylvania 6-5000 (1963 film)">Transylvania 6-5000</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Monster_Party%3F" title="Mad Monster Party?">Mad Monster Party?</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Fights_Dracula" title="Batman Fights Dracula">Batman Fights Dracula</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Mad_Mad_Monsters" title="Mad Mad Mad Monsters">Mad Mad Mad Monsters</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_for_Dracula" title="Blood for Dracula">Blood for Dracula</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampira_(1974_film)" title="Vampira (1974 film)">Vampira</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Dracula_(1974_film)" title="Son of Dracula (1974 film)">Son of Dracula</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_in_the_Provinces" title="Dracula in the Provinces">Dracula in the Provinces</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_and_Son" title="Dracula and Son">Dracula and Son</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Sucks" title="Dracula Sucks">Dracula Sucks</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_at_First_Bite" title="Love at First Bite">Love at First Bite</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Halloween_That_Almost_Wasn%27t" title="The Halloween That Almost Wasn't">The Halloween That Almost Wasn't</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fracchia_contro_Dracula" title="Fracchia contro Dracula">Fracchia contro Dracula</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_6-5000_(1985_film)" title="Transylvania 6-5000 (1985 film)">Transylvania 6-5000</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Monster_Squad" title="The Monster Squad">The Monster Squad</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scooby-Doo!_and_the_Reluctant_Werewolf" title="Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf">Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Dead_and_Loving_It" title="Dracula: Dead and Loving It">Dracula: Dead and Loving It</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Mash_(1995_film)" title="Monster Mash (1995 film)">Monster Mash</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Mash_(2000_film)" title="Monster Mash (2000 film)">Monster Mash</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zora_the_Vampire" title="Zora the Vampire">Zora the Vampire</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Family" title="Monster Family">Monster Family</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Drakula_hal%C3%A1la" title="Drakula halála">Drakula halála</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_the_Vampire" title="The Return of the Vampire">The Return of the Vampire</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drakula_%C4%B0stanbul%27da" title="Drakula İstanbul'da">Drakula İstanbul'da</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Dracula" title="Blood of Dracula">Blood of Dracula</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Dracula" title="The Return of Dracula">The Return of Dracula</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Dracula" title="Batman Dracula">Batman Dracula</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Billy_the_Kid_Versus_Dracula" title="Billy the Kid Versus Dracula">Billy the Kid Versus Dracula</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Dracula%27s_Castle" title="Blood of Dracula's Castle">Blood of Dracula's Castle</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Santo_en_el_tesoro_de_Dr%C3%A1cula" title="Santo en el tesoro de Drácula">Santo en el tesoro de Drácula</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula_(1970_film)" title="Count Dracula (1970 film)">Count Dracula</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Los_Monstruos_del_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Monstruos del Terror">Los Monstruos del Terror</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cuadecuc,_vampir" title="Cuadecuc, vampir">Cuadecuc, vampir</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampyros_Lesbos" title="Vampyros Lesbos">Vampyros Lesbos</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hrabe_Drakula" title="Hrabe Drakula">Hrabe Drakula</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_vs._Frankenstein" title="Dracula vs. Frankenstein">Dracula vs. Frankenstein</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blacula" title="Blacula">Blacula</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scream_Blacula_Scream" title="Scream Blacula Scream">Scream Blacula Scream</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula_(1974_film)" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula (1974 film)">Bram Stoker's Dracula</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula%27s_Great_Love" title="Count Dracula's Great Love">Count Dracula's Great Love</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deafula" title="Deafula">Deafula</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Dog" title="Dracula's Dog">Dracula's Dog</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula_(1977_film)" title="Count Dracula (1977 film)">Count Dracula</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Dracula" title="Doctor Dracula">Doctor Dracula</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1979_film)" title="Dracula (1979 film)">Dracula</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nocturna:_Granddaughter_of_Dracula" title="Nocturna: Granddaughter of Dracula">Nocturna: Granddaughter of Dracula</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tomb_of_Dracula#TV_movie" title="The Tomb of Dracula">Dracula: Sovereign of the Damned</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Widow" title="Dracula's Widow">Dracula's Widow</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_Die_For_(1989_film)" title="To Die For (1989 film)">To Die For</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sundown:_The_Vampire_in_Retreat" title="Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat">Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula_(1992_film)" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992 film)">Bram Stoker's Dracula</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nadja_(film)" title="Nadja (film)">Nadja</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Prince:_The_True_Story_of_Dracula" title="Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula">Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bara_no_Konrei_~Mayonaka_ni_Kawashita_Yakusoku~" class="mw-redirect" title="Bara no Konrei ~Mayonaka ni Kawashita Yakusoku~">Bara no Konrei ~Mayonaka ni Kawashita Yakusoku~</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Pages_from_a_Virgin%27s_Diary" title="Dracula: Pages from a Virgin's Diary">Dracula: Pages from a Virgin's Diary</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(miniseries)" title="Dracula (miniseries)">Dracula</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(film)" title="Van Helsing (film)">Van Helsing</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing:_The_London_Assignment" title="Van Helsing: The London Assignment">Van Helsing: The London Assignment</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vulture%27s_Eye" title="The Vulture's Eye">The Vulture's Eye</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_3000" title="Dracula 3000">Dracula 3000</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blade:_Trinity" title="Blade: Trinity">Blade: Trinity</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Batman_vs._Dracula" title="The Batman vs. Dracula">The Batman vs. Dracula</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula%27s_Curse" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse">Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(2006_film)" title="Dracula (2006 film)">Dracula</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula%27s_Guest" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest">Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Librarian:_Curse_of_the_Judas_Chalice" title="The Librarian: Curse of the Judas Chalice">The Librarian: Curse of the Judas Chalice</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Wolf_Man" title="House of the Wolf Man">House of the Wolf Man</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Dracula_(film)" title="Young Dracula (film)">Young Dracula</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Reborn" title="Dracula Reborn">Dracula Reborn</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_3D" title="Dracula 3D">Dracula 3D</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Dracula_3D" title="Saint Dracula 3D">Saint Dracula 3D</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_2012" title="Dracula 2012">Dracula 2012</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_The_Dark_Prince" title="Dracula: The Dark Prince">Dracula: The Dark Prince</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Untold" title="Dracula Untold">Dracula Untold</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Renfield_(film)" title="Renfield (film)">Renfield</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Voyage_of_the_Demeter" title="The Last Voyage of the Demeter">The Last Voyage of the Demeter</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abigail_(2024_film)" title="Abigail (2024 film)">Abigail</a></i> (2024)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_A_Love_Tale" title="Dracula: A Love Tale">Dracula: A Love Tale</a></i> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Television" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Television</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Squad" title="Monster Squad">Monster Squad</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Draculas_ring" title="Draculas ring">Draculas ring</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cliffhangers_(TV_series)" title="Cliffhangers (TV series)">Cliffhangers</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drak_Pack" title="Drak Pack">Drak Pack</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Duckula" title="Count Duckula">Count Duckula</a></i> (1988–1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_The_Series" title="Dracula: The Series">Dracula: The Series</a></i> (1990–1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dracula" title="Little Dracula">Little Dracula</a></i> (1991–1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Force" title="Monster Force">Monster Force</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ace_Kilroy" title="Ace Kilroy">Ace Kilroy</a></i> (2011–2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Dracula" title="Young Dracula">Young Dracula</a></i> (2006–2014) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Young_Dracula_characters" title="List of Young Dracula characters">characters</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(2013_TV_series)" title="Dracula (2013 TV series)">Dracula</a></i> (2013–2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penny_Dreadful_(TV_series)" title="Penny Dreadful (TV series)">Penny Dreadful</a></i> (2014–2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Decker_(TV_series)" title="Decker (TV series)">Decker</a></i> (2014–2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(TV_series)" title="Van Helsing (TV series)">Van Helsing</a></i> (2016–21)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Transylvania:_The_Series" title="Hotel Transylvania: The Series">Hotel Transylvania: The Series</a></i> (2017–2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Castlevania_(TV_series)" title="Castlevania (TV series)">Castlevania</a></i> (2017–21)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(2020_TV_series)" title="Dracula (2020 TV series)">Dracula</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Episodes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Mystery_and_Imagination)" title="Dracula (Mystery and Imagination)">"Dracula" (<i>Mystery and Imagination</i>)</a> (1968)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Buffy_vs._Dracula" title="Buffy vs. Dracula">Buffy vs. Dracula</a>" (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Young_Dracula_episodes" title="List of Young Dracula episodes"><i>Young Dracula</i> episodes</a> (2006–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Penny_Dreadful_episodes" title="List of Penny Dreadful episodes"><i>Penny Dreadful</i> episodes</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hotel_Transylvania:_The_Series_episodes" title="List of Hotel Transylvania: The Series episodes"><i>Hotel Transylvania: The Series</i> episodes</a> (2017–2020)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="The_Simpsons_Treehouse_of_Horror" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Treehouse_of_Horror" title="Treehouse of Horror">Treehouse of Horror</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Treehouse_of_Horror_IV" title="Treehouse of Horror IV">Treehouse of Horror IV</a>" (1993)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Treehouse_of_Horror_XXI" title="Treehouse of Horror XXI">Treehouse of Horror XXI</a>" (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Fred_Saberhagen#Dracula_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="List of works by Fred Saberhagen"><i>The Dracula Tape</i> and sequels</a> (1975–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Dracula_series" title="Anno Dracula series"><i>Anno Dracula</i> series</a> (1992–present) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anno_Dracula" title="Anno Dracula">Anno Dracula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bloody_Red_Baron" title="The Bloody Red Baron">The Bloody Red Baron</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Cha_Cha_Cha_(novel)" title="Dracula Cha Cha Cha (novel)">Dracula Cha Cha Cha</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Revenge_of_Dracula" title="The Revenge of Dracula">The Revenge of Dracula</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dracula" title="Little Dracula">Little Dracula</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_the_Undead_(novel)" title="Dracula the Undead (novel)">Dracula the Undead</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Historian" title="The Historian">The Historian</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Renfield" title="The Book of Renfield">The Book of Renfield</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bloodline_(Cary_novel)" title="Bloodline (Cary novel)">Bloodline</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Dracula_and_Young_Monsters" title="Young Dracula and Young Monsters">Young Dracula and Young Monsters</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fangland" title="Fangland">Fangland</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Out_of_the_Dark_(Weber_novel)" title="Out of the Dark (Weber novel)">Out of the Dark</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(radio_drama)" title="Dracula (radio drama)">Dracula</a></i> (1938)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1924_play)" title="Dracula (1924 play)">Dracula</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1995_play)" title="Dracula (1995 play)">Dracula</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1996_play)" title="Dracula (1996 play)">Dracula</a></i> (1996)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Czech_musical)" title="Dracula (Czech musical)"><i>Dracula</i> (Czech musical)</a> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_A_Chamber_Musical" title="Dracula: A Chamber Musical">Dracula: A Chamber Musical</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula,_the_Musical" title="Dracula, the Musical">Dracula, the Musical</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_%E2%80%93_Entre_l%27amour_et_la_mort" title="Dracula – Entre l'amour et la mort">Dracula – Entre l'amour et la mort</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_%E2%80%93_L%27amour_plus_fort_que_la_mort" title="Dracula – L'amour plus fort que la mort">Dracula – L'amour plus fort que la mort</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(Image_Comics)" title="Crossover (Image Comics)">Crossover</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Dracula (Marvel Comics)">Dracula (Marvel Comics)</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tomb_of_Dracula" title="The Tomb of Dracula">The Tomb of Dracula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/X-Men:_Apocalypse_vs._Dracula" title="X-Men: Apocalypse vs. Dracula">X-Men: Apocalypse vs. Dracula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Britain_and_MI13" title="Captain Britain and MI13">Captain Britain and MI13: Vampire State</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Deadpool_and_the_Howling_Commandos" title="Mrs. Deadpool and the Howling Commandos">Mrs. Deadpool and the Howling Commandos</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Dell_Comics)" title="Dracula (Dell Comics)">Dracula (Dell Comics)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don_Dracula" title="Don Dracula">Don Dracula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Lives!" title="Dracula Lives!">Dracula Lives!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hellsing" title="Hellsing">Hellsing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sword_of_Dracula" title="Sword of Dracula">Sword of Dracula</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Dracula_trilogy" title="Batman & Dracula trilogy"><i>Batman & Dracula</i> trilogy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Undead" title="Victorian Undead">Victorian Undead</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wolves_at_the_Gate" title="Wolves at the Gate">Wolves at the Gate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purgatori" title="Purgatori">Purgatori</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Count_(video_game)" title="The Count (video game)">The Count</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1983_video_game)" title="Dracula (1983 video game)">Dracula</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Manor" title="Ghost Manor">Ghost Manor</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlevania" title="Castlevania"><i>Castlevania</i> series</a> <ul><li>1986–present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Castlevania)" title="Dracula (Castlevania)">Dracula</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1986_video_game)" title="Dracula (1986 video game)">Dracula</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_the_Undead_(video_game)" title="Dracula the Undead (video game)">Dracula the Undead</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drac%27s_Night_Out" title="Drac's Night Out">Drac's Night Out</a></i> (unreleased)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula_(video_game)" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula (video game)">Bram Stoker's Dracula</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula_(handheld_video_game)" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula (handheld video game)"><i>Bram Stoker's Dracula</i> (handheld)</a> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Unleashed" title="Dracula Unleashed">Dracula Unleashed</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Resurrection" title="Dracula: Resurrection">Dracula: Resurrection</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_2:_The_Last_Sanctuary" title="Dracula 2: The Last Sanctuary">Dracula 2: The Last Sanctuary</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Crazy_Vampire" title="Dracula: Crazy Vampire">Dracula: Crazy Vampire</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(video_game)" title="Van Helsing (video game)">Van Helsing</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_3:_The_Path_of_the_Dragon" title="Dracula 3: The Path of the Dragon">Dracula 3: The Path of the Dragon</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula:_Origin" title="Dracula: Origin">Dracula: Origin</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampire_Season_Monster_Defense" title="Vampire Season Monster Defense">Vampire Season Monster Defense</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_4:_The_Shadow_of_the_Dragon" title="Dracula 4: The Shadow of the Dragon">Dracula 4: The Shadow of the Dragon</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_5:_The_Blood_Legacy" title="Dracula 5: The Blood Legacy">Dracula 5: The Blood Legacy</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Adventures_of_Van_Helsing" title="The Incredible Adventures of Van Helsing">The Incredible Adventures of Van Helsing</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Renfield:_Bring_Your_Own_Blood" title="Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood">Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pinball</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(pinball)" title="Dracula (pinball)">Dracula</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taxi_(pinball)" title="Taxi (pinball)">Taxi</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker%27s_Dracula_(pinball)" title="Bram Stoker's Dracula (pinball)">Bram Stoker's Dracula</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_Bash_(pinball)" title="Monster Bash (pinball)">Monster Bash</a></i> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tabletop games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fury_of_Dracula" title="The Fury of Dracula">The Fury of Dracula</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(album)" title="Dracula (album)">Dracula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_2000_(soundtrack)" title="Dracula 2000 (soundtrack)">Dracula 2000</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iubilaeum_Anno_Dracula_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Iubilaeum Anno Dracula 2001">Iubilaeum Anno Dracula 2001</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_Selection:_Dracula_Battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Perfect Selection: Dracula Battle">Perfect Selection: Dracula Battle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_(Nox_Arcana_album)" title="Transylvania (Nox Arcana album)">Transylvania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(soundtrack)" title="Van Helsing (soundtrack)">Van Helsing</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Song_for_a_Vampire" title="Love Song for a Vampire">Love Song for a Vampire</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio dramas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_the_Dragon_(audio_drama)" title="Son of the Dragon (audio drama)">Son of the Dragon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Original_characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Original characters</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative versions<br />of Dracula</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alucard_(Hellsing)" title="Alucard (Hellsing)">Alucard (<i>Hellsing</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Alucard_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Count Alucard (character)">Count Alucard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Castlevania)" title="Dracula (Castlevania)">Dracula (<i>Castlevania</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Dracula (Marvel Comics)">Dracula (Marvel Comics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok" title="Count Orlok">Count Orlok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soma_Cruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Soma Cruz">Soma Cruz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relatives of Dracula</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alucard_(Castlevania)" title="Alucard (Castlevania)">Alucard (<i>Castlevania</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_Hunter_D" title="Vampire Hunter D">Vampire Hunter D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_(Dynamite_Entertainment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eva (Dynamite Entertainment)">Eva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janus_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Janus (Marvel Comics)">Janus Dracula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilith_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Lilith (Marvel Comics)">Lilith Dracula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiklah" title="Shiklah">Shiklah Dracula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blade_(character)" title="Blade (character)">Blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_von_Count" title="Count von Count">Count von Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Belmont" title="Simon Belmont">Simon Belmont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lugosi_v._Universal_Pictures" title="Lugosi v. Universal Pictures">Lugosi v. Universal Pictures</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula%27s_Guest_and_Other_Weird_Stories" title="Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories">Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula_in_popular_culture" title="Count Dracula in popular culture">Count Dracula in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Society_of_Dracula" title="Transylvanian Society of Dracula">Transylvanian Society of Dracula</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Daily" title="Dracula Daily">Dracula Daily</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_Society" title="Dracula Society">Dracula Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_tourism" title="Dracula tourism">Dracula tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_Dracula" title="Bibliography of works on Dracula">Bibliography of works on Dracula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dracula" title="Category:Dracula"><b>Category</b> (<b>Dracula</b>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_based_on_Dracula" title="Category:Works based on Dracula"><b>Category</b> (<b>derivatives</b>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="F._W._Murnau" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:F._W._Murnau" title="Template:F. W. Murnau"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:F._W._Murnau" title="Template talk:F. W. Murnau"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:F._W._Murnau" title="Special:EditPage/Template:F. W. Murnau"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="F._W._Murnau" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">F. W. Murnau</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boy_in_Blue_(1919_film)" title="The Boy in Blue (1919 film)">The Boy in Blue</a></i> (1919)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satan_(1920_film)" title="Satan (1920 film)">Satan</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hunchback_and_the_Dancer" title="The Hunchback and the Dancer">The Hunchback and the Dancer</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Januskopf" title="Der Januskopf">Der Januskopf</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evening_%E2%80%93_Night_%E2%80%93_Morning" title="Evening – Night – Morning">Evening – Night – Morning</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journey_into_the_Night" title="Journey into the Night">Journey into the Night</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desire_(1921_film)" title="Desire (1921 film)">Desire</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Castle_(1921_film)" title="The Haunted Castle (1921 film)">The Haunted Castle</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marizza" title="Marizza">Marizza</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Burning_Soil" title="The Burning Soil">The Burning Soil</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nosferatu</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phantom_(1922_film)" title="Phantom (1922 film)">Phantom</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Expulsion_(film)" title="The Expulsion (film)">The Expulsion</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Duke%27s_Finances" title="The Grand Duke's Finances">The Grand Duke's Finances</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Laugh_(1924_film)" title="The Last Laugh (1924 film)">The Last Laugh</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tartuffe_(1926_film)" title="Tartuffe (1926 film)">Tartuffe</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Faust_(1926_film)" title="Faust (1926 film)">Faust</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise:_A_Song_of_Two_Humans" title="Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans">Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/4_Devils" title="4 Devils">4 Devils</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_Girl_(1930_film)" title="City Girl (1930 film)">City Girl</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabu:_A_Story_of_the_South_Seas" title="Tabu: A Story of the South Seas">Tabu: A Story of the South Seas</a></i> (1931)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Murnau_Foundation" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation">Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151895#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151895#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151895#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316753491">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4228455-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nosferatu (Motion picture : 1922)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no98088808">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943761j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943761j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007603543605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058516988006706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027383997">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&oldid=1260086751">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&oldid=1260086751</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1922_films" title="Category:1922 films">1922 films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1922_horror_films" title="Category:1922 horror films">1922 horror films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dracula_films" title="Category:Dracula films">Dracula films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_black-and-white_films" title="Category:German black-and-white films">German black-and-white films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_Expressionist_films" title="Category:German Expressionist films">German Expressionist films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_horror_films" title="Category:German horror films">German horror films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_silent_feature_films" title="Category:German silent feature films">German silent feature films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_vampire_films" title="Category:German vampire films">German vampire films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_independent_films" title="Category:German independent films">German independent films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gothic_horror_films" title="Category:Gothic horror films">Gothic horror films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_adapted_into_operas" title="Category:Films adapted into operas">Films adapted into operas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_F._W._Murnau" title="Category:Films directed by F. W. Murnau">Films directed by F. W. Murnau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_based_on_horror_novels" title="Category:Films based on horror novels">Films based on horror novels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_of_the_Weimar_Republic" title="Category:Films of the Weimar Republic">Films of the Weimar Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_involved_in_plagiarism_controversies" title="Category:Films involved in plagiarism controversies">Films involved in plagiarism controversies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_1838" title="Category:Films set in 1838">Films set in 1838</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_castles" title="Category:Films set in castles">Films set in castles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_Europe" title="Category:Films set in Europe">Films set in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_Germany" title="Category:Films set in Germany">Films set in Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_Transylvania" title="Category:Films set in Transylvania">Films set in Transylvania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_on_ships" title="Category:Films set on ships">Films set on ships</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_shot_at_Johannisthal_Studios" title="Category:Films shot at Johannisthal Studios">Films shot at Johannisthal Studios</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_shot_in_Slovakia" title="Category:Films shot in Slovakia">Films shot in Slovakia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nosferatu" title="Category:Nosferatu">Nosferatu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Unofficial_film_adaptations" title="Category:Unofficial film adaptations">Unofficial film adaptations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Silent_adventure_films" title="Category:Silent adventure films">Silent adventure films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Silent_horror_films" title="Category:Silent horror films">Silent horror films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1920s_German_films" title="Category:1920s German films">1920s German films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1920s_German-language_films" title="Category:1920s German-language films">1920s German-language films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nosferatu_films" title="Category:Nosferatu films">Nosferatu films</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from September 2024">Articles lacking reliable references from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2019" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2019">Use dmy dates from October 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Template_film_date_with_1_release_date" title="Category:Template film date with 1 release date">Template film date with 1 release date</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_may_contain_original_research_from_December_2023" title="Category:Articles that may contain original research from December 2023">Articles that may contain original research from December 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_that_may_contain_original_research" title="Category:All articles that may contain original research">All articles that may contain original research</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_ID_same_as_Wikidata" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata">Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_template_using_name_parameter" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter">Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Internet_Archive_links" title="Category:Articles with Internet Archive links">Articles with Internet Archive links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips" title="Category:Articles containing video clips">Articles containing video clips</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 19:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosferatu&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-xbg8b","wgBackendResponseTime":163,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.347","walltime":"1.683","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7892,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":276225,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9158,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":22,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":265427,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1418.699 1 -total"," 25.03% 355.148 1 Template:Reflist"," 15.76% 223.552 41 Template:Cite_web"," 7.63% 108.248 1 Template:Infobox_film"," 7.44% 105.526 5 Template:Lang"," 6.76% 95.970 3 Template:Sister_project"," 6.71% 95.218 1 Template:Commons_category"," 6.62% 93.982 3 Template:Side_box"," 6.35% 90.118 1 Template:Infobox"," 6.28% 89.028 9 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.794","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":25342261,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFEbert1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElsaesser2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFErickson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFleming2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeintjes2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIsmael_Ruiz2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKalat2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKlinowskiGarbicz2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKozinn1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKroll2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarriottNewman2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichael_Koller2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMückenberger1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Falt2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPiñuel2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrinzler2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReid2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReid2018\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFScivally2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScott2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSquires2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSquires2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVito2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVotruba\"] = 1,\n [\"Eisner67\"] = 1,\n [\"Eisner80\"] = 1,\n [\"Giesen\"] = 1,\n [\"Grafe\"] = 1,\n [\"Jackson\"] = 1,\n [\"Joslin\"] = 1,\n [\"Magistrale\"] = 1,\n [\"Prinzler\"] = 1,\n [\"filmhistoriker.de\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"'\"] = 3,\n [\"AllMovie title\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Based on\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 41,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Dracula\"] = 1,\n [\"F. W. Murnau\"] = 1,\n [\"Film date\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Ill\"] = 8,\n [\"Infobox film\"] = 1,\n [\"Interlanguage link\"] = 1,\n [\"Internet Archive film\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 5,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 2,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 1,\n [\"Nosferatu\"] = 1,\n [\"Original research section\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 4,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rottentomatoes\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"TCMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Unreliable sources\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikisource\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-bt9qc","timestamp":"20241130105740","ttl":3600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Nosferatu","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nosferatu","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q151895","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q151895","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-09-08T21:15:07Z","dateModified":"2024-11-28T19:29:01Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/9\/90\/Nosferatu_poster_%28Albin_Grau%2C_1922%29_1.jpg","headline":"1922 film directed by F. W. Murnau"}</script> </body> </html>