Dutch Involvement with ESO

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href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/auxiliarytelescopes/"> Auxiliary Telescopes </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/"> Survey Telescopes <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-301" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/"> VISTA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-302" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/mirror/"> The VISTA mirror </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/camera/"> VIRCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/4most/"> 4MOST </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/surveys/"> The VISTA surveys </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/consortium/"> The VISTA consortium </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/"> VST <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-308" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/mirror/"> The VST mirrors </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/camera/"> OmegaCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/surveys/"> The VST surveys 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</a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/"> New Technology Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-318" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/efosc2/"> EFOSC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/emmi/"> EMMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/sofi/"> SOFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/soxs/"> SOXS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/susi2/"> SUSI and SUSI2 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/"> ESO 3.6-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span 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href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/"> Coudé Auxiliary Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-372" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/ces/"> CES </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marly/"> MarLy 1-metre telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/"> Dutch 0.9-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-375" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/walraven/"> Walraven Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/t70/"> Swiss T70 telescope </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/"> Bochum 0.61-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-378" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-scanner/"> Bochum Scanner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-photometer/"> Bochum Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/"> Danish 0.5-metre telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-381" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-two-channel-hb-photometer/"> Two-Channel Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-four-channel-uvby-photometer/"> Four-Channel uvby Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-six-channel-uvby-hb-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby–Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/gpo/"> Grand Prisme Objectif telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss04/"> Swiss 0.4-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marseille/"> Marseille 0.36-metre telescope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/grb/"> GRB Monitoring System </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mascara/"> MASCARA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/blackgem/"> BlackGEM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/extra/"> ExTrA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/test-bed/"> Test-Bed Telescope </a></li></ul></li><li 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P-ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/pi230/"> PI230 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/polka/"> PolKa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/saboca/"> SABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/sepia/"> SEPIA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/shefi/"> SHeFI </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/alma/"> ALMA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-409" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/alma/antennas/"> Antennas </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/alma/transporters/"> Transporters </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/alma/interferometry/"> Interferometry </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/"> Receiver Bands </a></li><li 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href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/event-horizon/"> First image of a black hole </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/EHT-MilkyWay/"> First image of the Milky Way central black hole </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/science/gc/"> More about the black hole at the galactic centre </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/grb/"> Gamma-Ray Bursts </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/science/archive/"> Science Archive </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/public/events/">Events<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-434" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/public/events/press-evt/"> Press Events </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/events/special-evt/"> Special Events <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa 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<div class="container " id="body"> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row page"> <div class="col-md-12 one-column"> <div id="edit-info-block"> <div id="page-edit-success" class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Page saved successfully </div> <div id="page-edit-failure" class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Couldn't save page :( Please try again. </div> </div> <div class='page-content'> <div id="editable-content"> <h1>Dutch Involvement with the European Southern Observatory </h1> <p align="center"><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso2203a/"><img src="https://www.eso.org/public/archives/images/newsfeature/eso2203a.jpg" alt="" /></a><br /><small>The active galaxy Messier 77 with a thick ring hiding a supermassive black hole. (Credit: ESO/Jaffe, Gámez-Rosas et al.)</small></p> <p>The Netherlands is one of the five founding members of ESO who took part in signing the ESO convention on 5 October 1962. It officially became a Member State on 17 January 1964. As a founding member, the Dutch community of scientists and engineers has contributed to ESO projects in many key ways, from participating in scientific discoveries to contributing to the development of instruments and telescopes. </p> <p>The Netherlands contributes 5.01% of ESO’s revenue (2021 contribution), worth 9 621 000 EUR. </p> <p>As of mid 2022, there are 14 Dutch nationals employed at ESO, 11 in Germany and three in Chile. Furthermore, ESO has awarded 12 studentships and seven fellowships to Dutch nationals since 2004. </p> <p>The Netherlands is represented in the various ESO governing and advisory bodies by astronomers and policy experts; the current Dutch representatives of ESO’s various committees with national representation can be found <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/committees.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>. </p> <p>The ESO Science Outreach Network (ESON) includes Dutch <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/eson/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">representatives</a> who act as ESO’s media and outreach local contacts. </p> <p>Here follows some information about Dutch involvement with ESO. </p> <h2>Discoveries by astronomers based in The Netherlands using ESO telescopes </h2> <p>Dutch researchers and those based at Dutch institutions have been involved in important discoveries using ESO facilities. These include </p> <ul> <li>Master's student Nashanty Brunken at Leiden Observatory, who together with other Leiden researchers, <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2205/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">discovered the largest molecule</a> ever found in a planet-forming disc using <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ALMA</a>. The molecule, dimethyl ether, is believed to be a precursor of larger organic molecules that can lead to the emergence of life.</li> <li>A team of astronomers led by Violeta Gámez Rosas from Leiden University who used the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/matisse/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">MATISSE</a> instrument on ESO’s <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlti/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Very Large Telescope Interferometer</a> (VLTI) to observe a ring of cosmic dust and gas <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2203/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">hiding a supermassive black hole</a> in the galaxy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_77" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Messier 77</a>. This discovery provided vital evidence to support a 30-year-old theory known as the Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei. </li> <li>The first ever <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2011/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">direct imaging of a multi-planet system</a> around a Sun-like star which was observed using the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SPHERE</a> instrument on ESO’s <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Very Large Telescope</a> (VLT). The discovery, made by Alexander Bohn at Leiden Observatory with collaborators, can help give new insight into how our own solar system formed.</li> <li>In 2018, when ESO’s VLT captured details of an elaborate serpentine system of three stars, sculpted by colliding stellar winds. “This is the first such system to be discovered in our own galaxy,” explained Joseph Callingham of the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), lead author of the study reporting this system, in the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1838/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ESO press release</a> on the discovery. “We never expected to find such a system in our own backyard”. </li> </ul> <h2>Dutch involvement in ESO instruments and telescopes at ESO sites </h2> <p>The Netherlands has contributed to many aspects of ESO, including the technology behind instruments, ESO telescopes and telescopes based at ESO sites. These include </p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mascara/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">MASCARA</a> (the Multi-site All-Sky CAmeRA), b<a href="http://eso.org/public/announcements/ann16041/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">uilt and operated</a> by Leiden University, which is a <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1722/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">planet-hunting instrument</a> that consists of two individual stations, one operating in each hemisphere. One of the stations lies in the south and takes advantage of the excellent observing conditions at ESO’s <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">La Silla Observatory</a> in Chile. </li> <li>The <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/camera/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">OmegaCAM</a>, which is mounted on the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VLT Survey Telescope</a> (VST) at ESO’s Paranal Observatory and is made up of 32 individual CCD cameras arranged in a mosaic. The camera is a specialist at mapping the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1119/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sky quickly and with very fine image quality</a>. It was built by a large consortium consisting of institutes based in Germany, Italy, ESO and led by the Netherlands (NOVA, Kapteyn Instituut, and OmegaCEN). </li> <li><a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/blackgem/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">BlackGEM</a>, which is a wide-field array of optical telescopes that will observe gravitational wave sources. It comprises 3 telescopes, with the aim to expand to 15. BlackGEM is jointly developed by Radboud University, the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), and the KU Leuven. The array is located at <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">La Silla</a>, and is largely robotic and remotely controlled from Radboud University. </li> <li>The upcoming <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/4most/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">4MOST</a> spectrograph for the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VISTA</a> telescope at <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Paranal Observatory</a> which is being developed by a consortium in which the Netherlands are involved through <a href="https://nova-astronomy.nl/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NOVA</a> (The Netherlands Research School, represented by Leiden Observatory and the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, <a href="https://www.astron.nl/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ASTRON</a>) and the University of Groningen. </li> <li>Several VLT instruments, which were developed by consortia with Dutch members. These include <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/muse/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">MUSE</a> (Leiden Observatory), <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sinfoni/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SINFONI</a> (NOVA, ASTRON), <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SPHERE</a> (Astronomical Institute of Amsterdam, NOVA, ASTRON) and <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/x-shooter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">X-shooter</a> (University of Amsterdam, ASTRON).</li> <li>Through <a href="https://www.sron.nl/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the Netherlands Institute for Space Research</a> (SRON), the Netherlands has contributed to many instruments for the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">APEX</a> telescope, such as <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/champ-plus/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CHAMP</a> and <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/flash-plus/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">FLASH</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dutch 0.9-metre telescope</a>, which was installed at <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">La Silla</a> between 1979 and 2006, and contributed towards <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/search/?adv=&facility=47" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">several different discoveries</a>. </li> <li>The development of several of <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ALMA receivers</a>, for ALMA’s Band 2, 5 and 9, which the Netherlands contributed to through NOVA. </li> </ul> <h3>Dutch involvement in ELT instruments </h3> <ul> <li>The development of <a href="https://elt.eso.org/instrument/METIS/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">METIS</a>, the Mid-infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph, on ESO’s upcoming <a href="https://elt.eso.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Extremely Large Telescope</a> (ELT), is <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann15073/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">led by NOVA</a> in the Netherlands. The powerful spectrograph will allow studies of a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, from exoplanet atmospheres to distant and active galaxies.</li> <li>The Netherlands, through NOVA, is also involved with the development of the ELT’s <a href="https://elt.eso.org/instrument/MICADO/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">MICADO</a> and <a href="https://elt.eso.org/instrument/MOSAIC/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">MOSAIC</a> instruments. </li> </ul> <h2>Dutch industry and technology contributions to ESO </h2> <p>The Netherlands has contributed to many aspects of ESO, with many contracts awarded to the Dutch industry, including to </p> <ul> <li>TNO, the Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, which <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann12012/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">developed and built</a> the optical tube assemblies for the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/4lgsf/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Four Laser Guide Star Facility</a> (4LSGF) on the VLT, key for getting crystal clear observations. </li> <li>Coherent Europe B.V., which was awarded a contract for VLT laser maintenance </li> </ul> <h3>Dutch industry contributions to the ELT </h3> <ul> <li>The contract to design and produce the qualification models for the segment support and related auxiliary equipment for the <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann20009/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ELT primary mirror</a> (M1) have been contracted to the Dutch <a href="https://www.vdlgroep.com/nl" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VDL Groep</a>. The same company is also in charge of the design, production and testing of the mirror segment supports for M1. </li> <li>TNO was awarded contracts for the ELT laser beam projection units and the M1 prototype segments subunits. </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="row footernote"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="mailto:information@eso.org">Send us your comments!</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/public/outreach/newsletters/esonews/">Subscribe to receive news from ESO in your language</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="https://www.cdn77.com">Accelerated by CDN77</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/public/about-eso/privacy/">Terms & Conditions</a> </div> </div> <link href="/public/archives/djp/css/extras.d3e54451ebbb.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript">var MEDIA_URL = "/public/archives/"</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/public/archives/djp/js/main.04a7335af5a0.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div>  <div id="social-share" class="hidden-print"> <div class="link facebook" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link twitter" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on X/Twitter"> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/&text=Dutch Involvement with ESO&via=ESO" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></i></i></a> </div> <div class="link pinterest" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Pinterest"> <a href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/&media=&description=Dutch Involvement with ESO" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-pinterest-p" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link print" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Print"> <a href="javascript:window.print()" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-print" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link email" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share by email"> <a href="mailto:%20?subject=ESO — Dutch Involvement with ESO&body=https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-regular fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <script> $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip(); </script> <input type='hidden' name='csrfmiddlewaretoken' value='UmHSDIx9rDcSDojqW5ykG6iLIZ4lJ1Itwi269YLmZ7o5TBLyPNC6dAwqJOcxqMOS' /> </body> </html>

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