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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 80 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">80 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyos_970" title="Anyos 970 – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Anyos 970" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_970" title="عقد 970 – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عقد 970" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85_970" title="عوام 970 – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عوام 970" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_970" title="عقد 970 – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عقد 970" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_del_970" title="Década del 970 – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Década del 970" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-an" title="970-an – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="970-an" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D1%8F" title="970-я – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="970-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D1%8F" title="970-я – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="970-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A6-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95" title="৯৭০-এর দশক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="৯৭০-এর দশক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloavezhio%C3%B9_970" title="Bloavezhioù 970 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bloavezhioù 970" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-e" title="970-e – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="970-e" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_del_970" title="Dècada del 970 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dècada del 970" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_ni%C3%A8ng-d%C3%A2i" title="970 nièng-dâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="970 nièng-dâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%88_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="970-мĕш çулсем – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="970-мĕш çулсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/970au" title="970au – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="970au" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%27erne" title="970'erne – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="970'erne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/970er" title="970er – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="970er" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_970" title="An 970 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="An 970" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/970s" title="970s – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="970s" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-aj_jaroj" title="970-aj jaroj – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="970-aj jaroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1os_970" title="Años 970 – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Años 970" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/970._aastad" title="970. aastad – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="970. aastad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/970eko_hamarkada" title="970eko hamarkada – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="970eko hamarkada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87_%DB%B9%DB%B7%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="دهه ۹۷۰ (میلادی) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دهه ۹۷۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-luku" title="970-luku – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="970-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%C3%A1rini" title="970-árini – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="970-árini" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/970id%C3%AD" title="970idí – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="970idí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="970年代 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="970年代" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/970an" title="970an – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="970an" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_970" title="Década de 970 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Década de 970" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-70_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-10" title="שנות ה-70 של המאה ה-10 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שנות ה-70 של המאה ה-10" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-es_%C3%A9vek" title="970-es évek – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="970-es évek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-an" title="970-an – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="970-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/971%E2%80%93980" title="971–980 – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="971–980" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_970" title="Anni 970 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anni 970" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="970年代 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="970年代" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-an" title="970-an – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="970-an" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="970-იანები – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="970-იანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%EB%85%84%EB%8C%80" title="970년대 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="970년대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81" title="970-ӧд вояс – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="970-ӧд вояс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_970" title="Anni 970 – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Anni 970" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="970 ийла – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="970 ийла" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D1%82%D0%B8" title="970-ти – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="970-ти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AD%E0%A5%A6_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे ९७० चे दशक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे ९७० चे दशक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-an" title="970-an – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="970-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="970 це иеть – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="970 це иеть" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_xihuitl" title="970 xihuitl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="970 xihuitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-979" title="970-979 – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="970-979" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%C3%A5rene" title="970-årene – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="970-årene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%C3%A9es_970" title="Annaées 970 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Annaées 970" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/970s" title="970s – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="970s" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_970" title="Década de 970 – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Década de 970" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_watakuna" title="970 watakuna – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="970 watakuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anii_970" title="Anii 970 – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anii 970" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="970-е годы – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="970-е годы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/970ini" title="970ini – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="970ini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-e" title="970-e – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="970-e" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/970s" title="970s – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="970s" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/70._roky_10._storo%C4%8Dia" title="70. roky 10. storočia – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="70. roky 10. storočia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/970." title="970. – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="970." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitet_970" title="Vitet 970 – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vitet 970" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D0%B5" title="970-е – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="970-е" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-an" title="970-an – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="970-an" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-talet" title="970-talet – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="970-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaka_ya_970" title="Miaka ya 970 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Miaka ya 970" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B8_970_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D3%A3)" title="Даҳаи 970 (мелодӣ) – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даҳаи 970 (мелодӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9_970" title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 970 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 970" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%C3%BD%C3%BD" title="970ýý – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="970ýý" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="970-еллар – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="970-еллар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%D1%82%D1%96" title="970-ті – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="970-ті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%D8%A1_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="970ء کی دہائی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="970ء کی دہائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-lar" title="970-lar – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="970-lar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%ADp_ni%C3%AAn_970" title="Thập niên 970 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thập niên 970" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%AAyes_970" title="Anêyes 970 – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Anêyes 970" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/970_nga_dekada" title="970 nga dekada – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="970 nga dekada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="970年代 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="970年代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/970-%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="970-იანეფი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="970-იანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/970%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="970年代 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="970年代" data-language-autonym="中文" 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<div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/970" title="970">970</a> <a href="/wiki/971" title="971">971</a> <a href="/wiki/972" title="972">972</a> <a href="/wiki/973" title="973">973</a> <a href="/wiki/974" title="974">974</a><br /><a href="/wiki/975" title="975">975</a> <a href="/wiki/976" title="976">976</a> <a href="/wiki/977" title="977">977</a> <a href="/wiki/978" title="978">978</a> <a href="/wiki/979" title="979">979</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_940" title="Années 940">940</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_950" title="Années 950">950</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_960" title="Années 960">960</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">970</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_980" title="Années 980">980</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_990" title="Années 990">990</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1000" title="Années 1000">1000</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/VIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIIe siècle">VIII<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle">IX<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Xe_si%C3%A8cle" title="Xe siècle">X<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/XIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIe siècle">XI<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle">XII<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>Les <b>années 970</b> couvrent la période de 970 à 979. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>967-975</b> : <a href="/wiki/Yeshe_%C3%96" title="Yeshe Ö">Yeshe-Ö</a>, roi bouddhique de <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Gug%C3%A9" title="Royaume de Gugé">Gugé</a> au <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, règne à la fin du siècle<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les descendants de l’ancienne famille royale dispersée fondent le <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Gug%C3%A9" title="Royaume de Gugé">royaume de Gugé</a> à l’ouest du <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>. Il recouvre l’ancien <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhung" title="Zhang Zhung">Zhang Zhung</a> et est composé des régions de Gugé, <a href="/wiki/Xian_de_Burang" title="Xian de Burang">Burang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vall%C3%A9e_de_Spiti" title="Vallée de Spiti">Spiti</a> et <a href="/wiki/District_de_Kinnaur" title="District de Kinnaur">Kinnaur</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Gug%C3%A9" title="Royaume de Gugé">rois de Gugé</a> envoient des jeunes gens au <a href="/wiki/Cachemire" title="Cachemire">Cachemire</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Inde" title="Inde">Inde</a> pour rétablir le <a href="/wiki/Bouddhisme_tib%C3%A9tain" title="Bouddhisme tibétain">bouddhisme</a>.</li> <li><b>969-1171</b> : <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_fatimide_de_l%27%C3%89gypte" title="Période fatimide de l'Égypte">période fatimide de l'Égypte</a>. La capitale des <a href="/wiki/Fatimides" title="Fatimides">Fatimides</a> est transférée au <a href="/wiki/Le_Caire" title="Le Caire">Caire</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La ville atteint 400 000 habitants aux <a href="/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> et <a href="/wiki/Xe_si%C3%A8cle" title="Xe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> siècles<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>970-971</b> : <a href="/wiki/Guerre_entre_Rus%27_et_Byzantins_(968-971)" title="Guerre entre Rus' et Byzantins (968-971)">guerre russo-byzantine</a> ; Les <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kiev" title="Rus' de Kiev">Russes</a> de <a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Ier" title="Sviatoslav Ier">Sviatoslav I<sup>er</sup></a>, après avoir combattu les <a href="/wiki/Premier_Empire_bulgare" title="Premier Empire bulgare">Bulgares</a> pour le compte des <a href="/wiki/Empire_byzantin" title="Empire byzantin">Byzantins</a>, se retournent contre <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> dont ils ravagent les environs en <a href="/wiki/970" title="970">970</a>. Ils assiègent <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Andrinople</a> mais sont battus par <a href="/wiki/Bardas_Skl%C3%A8ros" title="Bardas Sklèros">Bardas Sklèros</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Bataille_d%27Arcadiopolis" title="Bataille d'Arcadiopolis">bataille d'Arcadiopolis</a>, puis chassés des <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a> par une opération terrestre et fluviale de l’empereur <a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_Tzimisk%C3%A8s" title="Jean Ier Tzimiskès">Jean I<sup>er</sup> Tzimiskès</a>, qui annexe la <a href="/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie">Bulgarie</a> orientale (prise de <a href="/wiki/Silistra" title="Silistra">Silistra</a> en <a href="/wiki/971" title="971">971</a>).</li></ul> <ul><li><b>971</b> : à la suite des ambassades de <a href="/wiki/Liutprand_de_Cr%C3%A9mone" title="Liutprand de Crémone">Liutprand de Crémone</a> et des négociations de <a href="/wiki/Pandolf_T%C3%AAte_de_Fer" title="Pandolf Tête de Fer">Pandolf <i>Tête de Fer</i></a> à <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Basileus" title="Basileus">basileus</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_Tzimisk%C3%A8s" title="Jean Ier Tzimiskès">Jean I<sup>er</sup> Tzimiskès</a> et l'<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_souverains_du_Saint-Empire" title="Liste des souverains du Saint-Empire">empereur</a> <a href="/wiki/Otton_Ier_(empereur_du_Saint-Empire)" title="Otton Ier (empereur du Saint-Empire)">Otton I<sup>er</sup></a> concluent la paix en <a href="/wiki/Mezzogiorno" title="Mezzogiorno">Italie du Sud</a>. L’<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_empereurs_byzantins" title="Liste des empereurs byzantins">empereur byzantin</a> reconnaît la dignité d’<a href="/wiki/Otton_Ier_(empereur_du_Saint-Empire)" title="Otton Ier (empereur du Saint-Empire)">Otton</a>. Le futur <a href="/wiki/Otton_II_(empereur_du_Saint-Empire)" title="Otton II (empereur du Saint-Empire)">Otton II</a> épouse une <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophano_Skleraina" title="Théophano Skleraina">princesse byzantine</a> (<a href="/wiki/972" title="972">972</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>972</b> : dynastie des <a href="/wiki/Zirides" title="Zirides">Zirides</a> en <a href="/wiki/Ifriqiya" title="Ifriqiya">Ifriqiya</a> (972-1148) et sur le Maghreb central (972-1014)<sup id="cite_ref-Lugan_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lugan-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>972-977</b> : <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_I_de_Marseille" title="Guillaume I de Marseille">Guillaume Ier</a>, fils d'<a href="/wiki/Arlulfe_de_Marseille" title="Arlulfe de Marseille">Arlulf</a> et frère de l’évêque <a href="/wiki/Honorat_de_Marseille" title="Honorat de Marseille">Honorat</a>, reçoit le titre de <a href="/wiki/Vicomtes_de_Marseille" title="Vicomtes de Marseille">vicomte de Marseille</a> qui devient héréditaire<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>973-974</b> : création du <a href="/wiki/Archidioc%C3%A8se_de_Prague" title="Archidiocèse de Prague">diocèse de Prague</a> en <a href="/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme" title="Bohême">Bohême</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>973-975</b> : <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_Tourtour" title="Bataille de Tourtour">bataille de Tourtour</a> et siège de la base musulmane de <a href="/wiki/Fraxinet" title="Fraxinet">Fraxinet</a>. Les <a href="/wiki/Maures" title="Maures">Maures</a> sont <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sence_sarrasine_au_nord_des_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es" title="Présence sarrasine au nord des Pyrénées">expulsés de Provence</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>974-976</b> : campagne des <a href="/wiki/Dynastie_Song" title="Dynastie Song">Song</a> contre les <a href="/wiki/Tang_du_Sud" title="Tang du Sud">Tang du Sud</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Prise de <a href="/wiki/Nankin" title="Nankin">Nankin</a> (Jinling) par l'empereur <a href="/wiki/Dynastie_Song" title="Dynastie Song">Song</a> <a href="/wiki/Song_Taizu" title="Song Taizu">Zhao Kuangyin</a>. Il annexe le royaume des <a href="/wiki/Tang_du_Sud" title="Tang du Sud">Tang du Sud</a> réalisant ainsi l'unité de la <a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grousset2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset2-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>974</b> : les <a href="/wiki/Fatimides" title="Fatimides">Fatimides</a> annexent la <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(r%C3%A9gion)" title="Palestine (région)">Palestine</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a>. Ils occupent <a href="/wiki/Damas" title="Damas">Damas</a> mais se heurtent à la reconquête byzantine de <a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_Tzimisk%C3%A8s" title="Jean Ier Tzimiskès">Jean Tzimiskès</a> et aux divisions arabes<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>Vers 975-980</b> : première assemblée de la <a href="/wiki/Paix_de_Dieu" title="Paix de Dieu">paix de Dieu</a> à <a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-Laprade" title="Saint-Germain-Laprade">Laprade</a> près du <a href="/wiki/Le_Puy-en-Velay" title="Le Puy-en-Velay">Puy</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>977</b> : <a href="/wiki/Subuktig%C3%AEn" title="Subuktigîn">Subuktigîn</a> succède au <a href="/wiki/Ghazn%C3%A9vides" title="Ghaznévides">Ghaznévide</a> <a href="/wiki/Alpteg%C3%AEn" title="Alptegîn">Alptegîn</a> à <a href="/wiki/Ghazni_(ville)" title="Ghazni (ville)">Ghazni</a> et agrandit ses possessions en <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> sous l’autorité des <a href="/wiki/Samanides" title="Samanides">Samanides</a> de <a href="/wiki/Boukhara" title="Boukhara">Boukhara</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grousset_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>977-1002</b> : guerres d'<a href="/wiki/Almanzor" title="Almanzor">Almanzor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vizir" title="Vizir">vizir</a> du <a href="/wiki/Califat_de_Cordoue" title="Califat de Cordoue">califat omeyyade de Cordoue</a>, contre les <a href="/wiki/Espagnes_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vales" title="Espagnes médiévales">États chrétiens d'Espagne</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnages_significatifs">Personnages significatifs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Personnages significatifs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnages significatifs"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="column-count:3;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adalbert_de_Magdebourg" title="Adalbert de Magdebourg">Adalbert de Magdebourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almanzor" title="Almanzor">Almanzor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Muizz_li-D%C3%AEn_Allah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Muizz li-Dîn Allah">Al-Muizz li-Dîn Allah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardas_Skl%C3%A8ros" title="Bardas Sklèros">Bardas Sklèros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basile_II" title="Basile II">Basile II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bologhine_ibn_Ziri" title="Bologhine ibn Ziri">Bologhine ibn Ziri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Boru" title="Brian Boru">Brian Boru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_d%27Angleterre" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar d'Angleterre">Edgar d'Angleterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_le_Martyr" title="Édouard le Martyr">Édouard le Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Ier_de_Provence" title="Guillaume Ier de Provence">Guillaume <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9za_de_Hongrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Géza de Hongrie">Géza de Hongrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Ier_de_Danemark" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald Ier de Danemark">Harald <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Danemark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hicham_II" title="Hicham II">Hicham II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawhar_al-Siqilli" title="Jawhar al-Siqilli">Jawhar al-Siqilli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaropolk_Ier" title="Iaropolk Ier">Iaropolk <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_Tzimisk%C3%A8s" title="Jean Ier Tzimiskès">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> Tzimiskès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AFeul_de_Cluny" class="mw-redirect" title="Maïeul de Cluny">Maïeul de Cluny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otton_Ier_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Otton Ier du Saint-Empire">Otton <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> du Saint-Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otton_II_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Otton II du Saint-Empire">Otton II du Saint-Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Ier" title="Sviatoslav Ier">Sviatoslav <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophano_Skleraina" title="Théophano Skleraina">Théophano Skleraina</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_970&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Wang2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michelle_C._Wang2018">Michelle C. Wang, <cite class="italique">Maṇḍalas in the Making : The Visual Culture of Esoteric Buddhism at Dunhuang</cite>, BRILL, <time>2018</time>, 336 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-90-04-36040-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-90-04-36040-2"><span class="nowrap">978-90-04-36040-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=lMZKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ma%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dalas+in+the+Making+%3A+The+Visual+Culture+of+Esoteric+Buddhism+at+Dunhuang&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Michelle+C.&rft.date=2018&rft.tpages=336&rft.isbn=978-90-04-36040-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hāṇḍā2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Omacanda_Hāṇḍā2001">Omacanda Hāṇḍā, <cite class="italique">Buddhist Western Himalaya : A politico-religious history</cite>, Indus Publishing, <time>2001</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-81-7387-124-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-81-7387-124-5"><span class="nowrap">978-81-7387-124-5</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=R4VuovXa5YUC&pg=PA210">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhist+Western+Himalaya&rft.pub=Indus+Publishing&rft.stitle=A+politico-religious+history&rft.aulast=H%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81&rft.aufirst=Omacanda&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-81-7387-124-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2015"><cite class="italique">Dictionnaire de l’Islam, religion et civilisation : Les Dictionnaires d'Universalis</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 1, Encyclopaedia Universalis, <time>2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-85229-121-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-85229-121-8"><span class="nowrap">978-2-85229-121-8</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=lkiXBAAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT562">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+l%E2%80%99Islam%2C+religion+et+civilisation&rft.pub=Encyclopaedia+Universalis&rft.stitle=Les+Dictionnaires+d%27Universalis&rft.date=2015&rft.volume=1&rft.isbn=978-2-85229-121-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="MiquelEddine_Bencheikh1992"><span class="ouvrage" id="André_MiquelJamel_Eddine_Bencheikh1992">André Miquel et Jamel Eddine Bencheikh, <cite class="italique">D'Arabie et d'Islam</cite>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Odile_Jacob" title="Éditions Odile Jacob">Odile Jacob</a>, <time>1992</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7381-7266-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7381-7266-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7381-7266-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=o-mbAwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT30">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=D%27Arabie+et+d%27Islam&rft.pub=Odile+Jacob&rft.aulast=Miquel&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rft.au=Jamel+Eddine+Bencheikh&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-2-7381-7266-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="CharbonnelIung1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="Nicole_CharbonnelJean-Eric_Iung1997">Nicole Charbonnel et Jean-Eric Iung, <cite class="italique">Gerbert l'européen : actes du colloque d'Aurillac, 4-7 juin 1996</cite>, Société des lettres, sciences et arts "La Haute-Auvergne", <time>1997</time>, 361 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-9507585-1-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-9507585-1-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-9507585-1-4</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=DdURAQAAIAAJ&dq=971&pg=PA258">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gerbert+l%27europ%C3%A9en&rft.pub=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+lettres%2C+sciences+et+arts+%22La+Haute-Auvergne%22&rft.stitle=actes+du+colloque+d%27Aurillac%2C+4-7+juin+1996&rft.aulast=Charbonnel&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.au=Jean-Eric+Iung&rft.date=1997&rft.tpages=361&rft.isbn=978-2-9507585-1-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cheynet2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Claude_Cheynet2006"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Cheynet" title="Jean-Claude Cheynet">Jean-Claude Cheynet</a>, <cite class="italique">Le monde byzantin : L'Empire byzantin (641-1204)</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2, Presses universitaires de France, <time>2006</time>, 624 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-13-063854-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-13-063854-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-13-063854-4</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Wg0LCwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT95">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+monde+byzantin&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+France&rft.stitle=L%27Empire+byzantin+%28641-1204%29&rft.aulast=Cheynet&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=2&rft.tpages=624&rft.isbn=978-2-13-063854-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lugan-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Lugan_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lugan2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bernard_Lugan2016"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lugan" title="Bernard Lugan">Bernard Lugan</a>, <cite class="italique">Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord : Des origines à nos jours</cite>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Art%C3%A8ge" title="Éditions Artège">Artège</a>, <time>2016</time>, 736 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-268-08535-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-268-08535-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-268-08535-7</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=ABBjDAAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT148">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+l%27Afrique+du+Nord&rft.pub=Art%C3%A8ge&rft.stitle=Des+origines+%C3%A0+nos+jours&rft.aulast=Lugan&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=2016&rft.tpages=736&rft.isbn=978-2-268-08535-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bouiron"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marc_Bouiron">Marc Bouiron, <cite class="italique">Fouilles à Marseille - la ville médiévale et moderne</cite>, Errance <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782877727730" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782877727730"><span class="nowrap">9782877727730</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=dDUqEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA41">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fouilles+%C3%A0+Marseille+-+la+ville+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale+et+moderne&rft.pub=Errance&rft.aulast=Bouiron&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.isbn=9782877727730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Glenn_Hinson1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="E._Glenn_Hinson1995">E. Glenn Hinson, <cite class="italique">The Church Triumphant : A History of Christianity Up to 1300</cite>, Mercer University Press, <time>1995</time>, 494 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-86554-436-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-86554-436-9"><span class="nowrap">978-0-86554-436-9</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=cY1SymrAGeEC&pg=PA382">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Church+Triumphant&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.stitle=A+History+of+Christianity+Up+to+1300&rft.au=E.+Glenn+Hinson&rft.date=1995&rft.tpages=494&rft.isbn=978-0-86554-436-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Roux2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Paul_Roux2007"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Roux_(historien)" title="Jean-Paul Roux (historien)">Jean-Paul Roux</a>, <cite class="italique">Un choc de religions : La longue guerre de l'islam et de la chrétienté (622-2007)</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Librairie_Arth%C3%A8me_Fayard" title="Librairie Arthème Fayard">Fayard</a>, <time>2007</time>, 462 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-213-64068-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-213-64068-6"><span class="nowrap">978-2-213-64068-6</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=HNybiyB8dLQC&pg=PAPT53">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Un+choc+de+religions+%3A+La+longue+guerre+de+l%27islam+et+de+la+chr%C3%A9tient%C3%A9+%28622-2007%29&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.aulast=Roux&rft.aufirst=Jean-Paul&rft.date=2007&rft.tpages=462&rft.isbn=978-2-213-64068-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lorge2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Peter_Lorge2015">Peter Lorge, <cite class="italique">The Reunification of China : Peace through War under the Song Dynasty</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <time>2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-107-08475-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-107-08475-9"><span class="nowrap">978-1-107-08475-9</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=9UTjCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA169">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Reunification+of+China&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.stitle=Peace+through+War+under+the+Song+Dynasty&rft.aulast=Lorge&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-107-08475-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grousset2-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Grousset2_12-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grousset_(1885-1952)1942"><span class="ouvrage" id="René_Grousset_(1885-1952)1942">René Grousset (1885-1952), « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/grousset_rene/C16_histoire_de_la_chine/histoire_chine_rg.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Histoire de la Chine</cite></a> » <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>, Club des Libraires de France, première édition : 1942</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Garcin1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Claude_Garcin1995"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Garcin" title="Jean-Claude Garcin">Jean-Claude Garcin</a>, Michel Balivet, Thierry Bianquis, <cite class="italique">États, sociétés et cultures du monde musulman médiéval : <abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 1, <a href="/wiki/Presses_universitaires_de_France" title="Presses universitaires de France">Presses universitaires de France</a>, <time>1995</time>, 683 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-13-067300-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-13-067300-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-13-067300-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=ybJ2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT475">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%89tats%2C+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s+et+cultures+du+monde+musulman+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+France&rft.stitle=%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2210%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle+%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EX%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2215%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle+%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EXV%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&rft.aulast=Garcin&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=1&rft.tpages=683&rft.isbn=978-2-13-067300-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Débax2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hélène_Débax2020"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne_D%C3%A9bax" title="Hélène Débax">Hélène Débax</a>, <cite class="italique">La Féodalité languedocienne - <abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles : Serments, hommages et fiefs dans le Languedoc des Trencavel</cite>, Presses universitaires du Midi, <time>2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782810708765" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782810708765"><span class="nowrap">9782810708765</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=bFzUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA48">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+F%C3%A9odalit%C3%A9+languedocienne+-+XIe%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89XIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cles+%3A+Serments%2C+hommages+et+fiefs+dans+le+Languedoc+des+Trencavel&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+du+Midi&rft.aulast=D%C3%A9bax&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9782810708765&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grousset-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Grousset_15-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grousset1965"><span class="ouvrage" id="René_Grousset1965"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Grousset" title="René Grousset">René Grousset</a>, <cite class="italique"><a href="/wiki/L%E2%80%99Empire_des_steppes" class="mw-redirect" title="L’Empire des steppes">L’Empire des steppes</a>, Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Payot_(%C3%A9ditions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Payot (éditions)">Payot</a>, <time>1965</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/grousset_rene/empire_des_steppes/grousset_steppes.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99Empire+des+steppes%2C+Attila%2C+Gengis-Khan%2C+Tamerlan&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Payot&rft.aulast=Grousset&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rft.date=1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Echevarría_Arsuaga_and_Iñaki_Martín_Viso2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ana_Echevarría_Arsuaga_and_Iñaki_Martín_Viso2020">Ana Echevarría Arsuaga and Iñaki Martín Viso, <cite class="italique">La Península Ibérica en la Edad Media (700-1250)</cite>, Editorial UNED, <time>2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9788436276343" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9788436276343"><span class="nowrap">9788436276343</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=IcIDEAAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT209">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Pen%C3%ADnsula+Ib%C3%A9rica+en+la+Edad+Media+%28700-1250%29&rft.pub=Editorial+UNED&rft.au=Ana+Echevarr%C3%ADa+Arsuaga+and+I%C3%B1aki+Mart%C3%ADn+Viso&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9788436276343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+970"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" 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