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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Deriving_a_hue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deriving_a_hue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Deriving a hue</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deriving_a_hue-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deriving a hue subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deriving_a_hue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opponent_color_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opponent_color_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Opponent color spaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opponent_color_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Defining_hue_in_terms_of_RGB" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defining_hue_in_terms_of_RGB"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Defining hue in terms of RGB</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defining_hue_in_terms_of_RGB-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage_in_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_in_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Usage in art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_in_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hue_vs._dominant_wavelength" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hue_vs._dominant_wavelength"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hue vs. dominant wavelength</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hue_vs._dominant_wavelength-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hue_difference_notation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hue_difference_notation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hue difference notation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hue_difference_notation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Names_and_other_notations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Names_and_other_notations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Names and other notations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Names_and_other_notations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hue</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="نقبة (نظرية الألوان) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نقبة (نظرية الألوان)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sek-si%C3%B2ng" title="Sek-siòng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sek-siòng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Тон (колер) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тон (колер)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Тон (колер) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тон (колер)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цветови тон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цветови тон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonalitat" title="Tonalitat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tonalitat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odst%C3%ADn" title="Odstín – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Odstín" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farbton" title="Farbton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Farbton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4rvitoon" title="Värvitoon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Värvitoon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%87%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Απόχρωση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Απόχρωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tono_(color)" title="Tono (color) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tono (color)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloronuanco" title="Koloronuanco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Koloronuanco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonu_(kolorea)" title="Tonu (kolorea) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tonu (kolorea)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%85" title="فام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teinte" title="Teinte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Teinte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tint" title="Tint – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tint" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ton_(cor)" title="Ton (cor) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ton (cor)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%89%EC%83%81" title="색상 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="색상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rona" title="Rona – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rona" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonalit%C3%A0_(colorimetria)" title="Tonalità (colorimetria) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tonalità (colorimetria)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" title="גוון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גוון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Тон (боја) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тон (боја)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tint" title="Tint – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tint" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%B8" title="色相 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="色相" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kul%C3%B8r" title="Kulør – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kulør" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinta_(color)" title="Tinta (color) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tinta (color)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odcie%C5%84" title="Odcień – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Odcień" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matiz" title="Matiz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Matiz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuan%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Nuanță – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nuanță" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Тон (цвет) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тон (цвет)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue" title="Hue – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hue" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijanse_boje" title="Nijanse boje – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nijanse boje" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4vy" title="Sävy – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sävy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kul%C3%B6rton" title="Kulörton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kulörton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="สีสัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สีสัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Відтінок – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Відтінок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%B8" title="色相 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="色相" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%B8" title="色相 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="色相" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%B8" title="色相 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="色相" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q372948#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the color property. For the city in Vietnam, see <a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hue_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hue (disambiguation)">Hue (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colors-i54-ring.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Colors-i54-ring.png/220px-Colors-i54-ring.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Colors-i54-ring.png/330px-Colors-i54-ring.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Colors-i54-ring.png/440px-Colors-i54-ring.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>All colors on this <a href="/wiki/Color_wheel" title="Color wheel">color wheel</a> should appear to have the same lightness and the same saturation, differing only by hue.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hue" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:hue"> hue</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Color_theory" title="Color theory">color theory</a>, <b>hue</b> is one of the main properties (called <a href="/wiki/Color_appearance_model#Color_appearance_parameters" title="Color appearance model">color appearance parameters</a>) of a <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">color</a>, defined technically in the <a href="/wiki/CIECAM02" title="CIECAM02">CIECAM02</a> model as "the degree to which a <a href="/wiki/Stimulus_(physiology)#vision" title="Stimulus (physiology)">stimulus</a> can be described as similar to or different from stimuli that are described as <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_(colour)" title="Orange (colour)">orange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yellow" title="Yellow">yellow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">blue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Violet_(color)" title="Violet (color)">violet</a>,"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> within certain theories of <a href="/wiki/Color_vision" title="Color vision">color vision</a>. </p><p>Hue can typically be represented quantitatively by a single number, often corresponding to an angular position around a central or neutral point or axis on a <a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">color space</a> coordinate diagram (such as a <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity_diagram" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromaticity diagram">chromaticity diagram</a>) or <a href="/wiki/Color_wheel" title="Color wheel">color wheel</a>, or by its <a href="/wiki/Dominant_wavelength" title="Dominant wavelength">dominant wavelength</a> or by that of its <a href="/wiki/Complementary_color" class="mw-redirect" title="Complementary color">complementary color</a>. The other color appearance parameters are <a href="/wiki/Colorfulness" title="Colorfulness">colorfulness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturation_(color_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturation (color theory)"> saturation</a> (also known as intensity or chroma),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lightness" title="Lightness">lightness</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brightness" title="Brightness">brightness</a>. Usually, colors with the same hue are distinguished with adjectives referring to their lightness or colorfulness - for example: "light blue", "<a href="/wiki/Pastel" title="Pastel">pastel</a> blue", "vivid blue", and "cobalt blue". Exceptions include <a href="/wiki/Brown" title="Brown">brown</a>, which is a dark <a href="/wiki/Orange_(colour)" title="Orange (colour)">orange</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bartleson1976_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bartleson1976-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">painting</a>, a hue is a <i>pure</i> <a href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">pigment</a>—one without <a href="/wiki/Tints_and_shades" class="mw-redirect" title="Tints and shades">tint or shade</a> (added white or black pigment, respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">human brain</a> first processes hues in areas in the extended <a href="/wiki/Visual_area_V4" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual area V4"> V4</a> called <a href="/wiki/Glob_(visual_system)" title="Glob (visual system)">globs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Conway07_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conway07-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Conway_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conway-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deriving_a_hue">Deriving a hue</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Deriving a hue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The concept of a color system with a hue was explored as early as 1830 with <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge" title="Philipp Otto Runge">Philipp Otto Runge</a>'s color sphere. The <a href="/wiki/Munsell_color_system" title="Munsell color system">Munsell color system</a> from the 1930s was a great step forward, as it was realized that <a href="/wiki/Color_difference#Tolerance" title="Color difference">perceptual uniformity</a> means the color space can no longer be a sphere. </p><p>As a convention, the hue for <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a> is set to 0° for most color spaces with a hue. </p> <div style="margin:1.5em 1em 1em 1em;"><table cellpadding="0" style="background-color:#464646; color:#ffffff; text-align:center; padding-top:.5em;padding-bottom:1em; margin-top:.5em;"> <caption style="color:black; font:10pt sans-serif;"><b>Munsell <i>hues</i>; value 6 / chroma 6</b></caption> <tbody><tr style="font:10pt sans-serif;line-height:1;"> <td colspan="3">5R<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5YR<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5Y<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5GY<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5G<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5BG<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:monospace; font-size:7pt;line-height:.3;"> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em;"></div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C98286; color:#C98286;" title="5R 6/6 (#C98286)">201 130 134</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C9827F; color:#C9827F;" title="7.5R 6/6 (#C9827F)">201 130 127</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C98376; color:#C98376;" title="10R 6/6 (#C98376)">201 131 118</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C8856D; color:#C8856D;" title="2.5YR 6/6 (#C8856D)">200 133 109</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C58764; color:#C58764;" title="5YR 6/6 (#C58764)">197 135 100</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C1895E; color:#C1895E;" title="7.5YR 6/6 (#C1895E)">193 137 94</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#BB8C56; color:#BB8C56;" title="10YR 6/6 (#BB8C56)">187 140 86</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#B58F4F; color:#B58F4F;" title="2.5Y 6/6 (#B58F4F)">181 143 79</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#AD924B; color:#AD924B;" title="5Y 6/6 (#AD924B)">173 146 75</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#A79548; color:#A79548;" title="7.5Y 6/6 (#A79548)">167 149 72</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#A09749; color:#A09749;" title="10Y 6/6 (#A09749)">160 151 73</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#979A4E; color:#979A4E;" title="2.5GY 6/6 (#979A4E)">151 154 78</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#8D9C55; color:#8D9C55;" title="5GY 6/6 (#8D9C55)">141 156 85</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#7F9F62; color:#7F9F62;" title="7.5GY 6/6 (#7F9F62)">127 159 98</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#73A06E; color:#73A06E;" title="10GY 6/6 (#73A06E)">115 160 110</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#65A27C; color:#65A27C;" title="2.5G 6/6 (#65A27C)">101 162 124</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#5CA386; color:#5CA386;" title="5G 6/6 (#5CA386)">92 163 134</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#57A38D; color:#57A38D;" title="7.5G 6/6 (#57A38D)">87 163 141</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#52A394; color:#52A394;" title="10G 6/6 (#52A394)">82 163 148</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#4EA39A; color:#4EA39A;" title="2.5BG 6/6 (#4EA39A)">78 163 154</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#49A3A2; color:#49A3A2;" title="5BG 6/6 (#49A3A2)">73 163 162</div></td> <td> <div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em;"></div></td> </tr> <tr><td><div style="height:.5em"></div></td></tr> <tr style="font:10pt sans-serif;line-height:1;"> <td colspan="3">5BG<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5B<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5PB<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5P<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5RP<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> <td colspan="3">5R<br /><div style="font-size:8pt; padding-bottom:3pt;padding-top:1pt;">|</div></td><td></td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:monospace; font-size:7pt;line-height:.3;"> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em;"></div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#49A3A2; color:#49A3A2;" title="5BG 6/6 (#49A3A2)">73 163 162</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#46A2AA; color:#46A2AA;" title="7.5BG 6/6 (#46A2AA)">70 162 170</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#46A1B1; color:#46A1B1;" title="10BG 6/6 (#46A1B1)">70 161 177</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#49A0B8; color:#49A0B8;" title="2.5B 6/6 (#49A0B8)">73 160 184</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#529EBD; color:#529EBD;" title="5B 6/6 (#529EBD)">82 158 189</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#5D9CC1; color:#5D9CC1;" title="7.5B 6/6 (#5D9CC1)">93 156 193</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#689AC3; color:#689AC3;" title="10B 6/6 (#689AC3)">104 154 195</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#7597C5; color:#7597C5;" title="2.5PB 6/6 (#7597C5)">117 151 197</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#8095C6; color:#8095C6;" title="5PB 6/6 (#8095C6)">128 149 198</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#8D91C6; color:#8D91C6;" title="7.5PB 6/6 (#8D91C6)">141 145 198</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#988EC4; color:#988EC4;" title="10PB 6/6 (#988EC4)">152 142 196</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#A08CC1; color:#A08CC1;" title="2.5P 6/6 (#A08CC1)">160 140 193</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#A88ABD; color:#A88ABD;" title="5P 6/6 (#A88ABD)">168 138 189</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#B187B6; color:#B187B6;" title="7.5P 6/6 (#B187B6)">177 135 182</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#B786B0; color:#B786B0;" title="10P 6/6 (#B786B0)">183 134 176</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#BC84A9; color:#BC84A9;" title="2.5RP 6/6 (#BC84A9)">188 132 169</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C183A0; color:#C183A0;" title="5RP 6/6 (#C183A0)">193 131 160</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C48299; color:#C48299;" title="7.5RP 6/6 (#C48299)">196 130 153</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C68292; color:#C68292;" title="10RP 6/6 (#C68292)">198 130 146</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C8828C; color:#C8828C;" title="2.5R 6/6 (#C8828C)">200 130 140</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em; background-color:#C98286; color:#C98286;" title="5R 6/6 (#C98286)">201 130 134</div></td> <td><div style="width:2.5em; height:2em; padding-top:.5em;"></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opponent_color_spaces">Opponent color spaces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Opponent color spaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Opponent_process" title="Opponent process">opponent color spaces</a> in which two of the axes are perceptually orthogonal to lightness, such as the CIE 1976 (<i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>*) (<a href="/wiki/CIELAB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIELAB">CIELAB</a>) and 1976 (<i>L</i>*, <i>u</i>*, <i>v</i>*) (<a href="/wiki/CIELUV" title="CIELUV">CIELUV</a>) color spaces, hue may be computed together with chroma by converting these coordinates from <a href="/wiki/Rectangular_coordinates" class="mw-redirect" title="Rectangular coordinates">rectangular</a> form to <a href="/wiki/Polar_coordinates" class="mw-redirect" title="Polar coordinates">polar</a> form. Hue is the angular component of the polar representation, while chroma is the radial component. </p><p>Specifically, in CIELAB<sup id="cite_ref-CIE1986_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIE1986-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{ab}=\mathrm {atan2} (b^{*},a^{*}),}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{ab}=\mathrm {atan2} (b^{*},a^{*}),}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9f03d023c92887f7dcf9441bc21e9c8cde274be6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.755ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{ab}=\mathrm {atan2} (b^{*},a^{*}),}"></span></dd></dl> <p>while, analogously, in CIELUV<sup id="cite_ref-CIE1986_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIE1986-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{uv}=\mathrm {atan2} (v^{*},u^{*})=\mathrm {atan2} (v',u'),}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>u</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{uv}=\mathrm {atan2} (v^{*},u^{*})=\mathrm {atan2} (v',u'),}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ca5c79e8c30d98cd03b3f762c4ab97e6cbe86ad3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:35.601ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{uv}=\mathrm {atan2} (v^{*},u^{*})=\mathrm {atan2} (v',u'),}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where, <a href="/wiki/Atan2" title="Atan2">atan2</a> is a two-argument inverse tangent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defining_hue_in_terms_of_RGB">Defining hue in terms of RGB</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Defining hue in terms of RGB"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HSV_cone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/HSV_cone.jpg/220px-HSV_cone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/HSV_cone.jpg/330px-HSV_cone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/HSV_cone.jpg/440px-HSV_cone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>HSV color space as a conical object</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HSV-RGB-comparison.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HSV-RGB-comparison.svg/220px-HSV-RGB-comparison.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HSV-RGB-comparison.svg/330px-HSV-RGB-comparison.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HSV-RGB-comparison.svg/440px-HSV-RGB-comparison.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="331" /></a><figcaption>An illustration of the relationship between the "hue" of colors with maximal saturation in HSV and HSL with their corresponding RGB coordinates</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RGB_color_wheel_24.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/RGB_color_wheel_24.svg/220px-RGB_color_wheel_24.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/RGB_color_wheel_24.svg/330px-RGB_color_wheel_24.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/RGB_color_wheel_24.svg/440px-RGB_color_wheel_24.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Hue circle in 24 colors (15°)</figcaption></figure> <p>Preucil<sup id="cite_ref-Preucil1953_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preucil1953-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> describes a color hexagon, similar to a trilinear plot described by Evans, Hanson, and Brewer,<sup id="cite_ref-Evans1953_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans1953-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which may be used to compute hue from <a href="/wiki/RGB" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB">RGB</a>. To place <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a> at 0°, <a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">green</a> at 120°, and <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">blue</a> at 240°, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{rgb}=\mathrm {atan2} \left({\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B),2\cdot R-G-B\right).}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{rgb}=\mathrm {atan2} \left({\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B),2\cdot R-G-B\right).}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d07d0ebe03d1f3c39d13069120d6d570657ed1d3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:44.07ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{rgb}=\mathrm {atan2} \left({\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B),2\cdot R-G-B\right).}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Equivalently, one may solve </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \tan(h_{rgb})={\frac {{\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B)}{2\cdot R-G-B}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>tan</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \tan(h_{rgb})={\frac {{\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B)}{2\cdot R-G-B}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aa25adbef9d76f81fafc11cab508887d9edade66" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:27.435ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \tan(h_{rgb})={\frac {{\sqrt {3}}\cdot (G-B)}{2\cdot R-G-B}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Preucil used a polar plot, which he termed a color circle.<sup id="cite_ref-Preucil1953_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preucil1953-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using R, G, and B, one may compute hue angle using the following scheme: determine which of the six possible orderings of R, G, and B prevail, then apply the formula given in the table below. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="background:white;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Ordering </th> <th>Hue region </th> <th><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\text{Preucil circle}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>Preucil circle</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\text{Preucil circle}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/774998c26139bc704bf53db6ae2dafffb87d27ff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.954ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\text{Preucil circle}}}"></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R\geq G\geq B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R\geq G\geq B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a8611fb5287ab2feea9af65efadc7b02a11a9107" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.552ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R\geq G\geq B}"></span> </td> <td>Orange </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot {\frac {G-B}{R-B}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot {\frac {G-B}{R-B}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a702c8e455fadf24707c69815f3813d8d8d5b1a9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:12.326ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot {\frac {G-B}{R-B}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G>R\geq B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G>R\geq B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fcea09e81b97021cfe31ed263d4caa12e83f184f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.552ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G>R\geq B}"></span> </td> <td>Chartreuse </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2-{\frac {R-B}{G-B}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2-{\frac {R-B}{G-B}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c78af4c9ee39dbbaa605bd61aa08f389d07f0cb0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.75ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2-{\frac {R-B}{G-B}}\right)}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G\geq B>R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G\geq B>R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a5be8ea302065f8cc2af983d0c772c3d4fb18059" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.552ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G\geq B>R}"></span> </td> <td>Spring Green </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2+{\frac {B-R}{G-R}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2+{\frac {B-R}{G-R}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4ec80ef5ba9301851506bfadfe1cd6eed9f89b3c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.75ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(2+{\frac {B-R}{G-R}}\right)}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ B>G>R\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>B</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>R</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ B>G>R\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e51cbe519ad9e6d2b8eb729b1baa0b4398340151" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:12.713ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \ B>G>R\ }"></span> </td> <td>Azure </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4-{\frac {G-R}{B-R}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4-{\frac {G-R}{B-R}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/32bd2a65494e299158a518ccf2bb5c1c2b94686f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.75ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4-{\frac {G-R}{B-R}}\right)}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B>R\geq G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B>R\geq G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fcd458d78a928fa05734b66f68a19f138f26bcc3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.552ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B>R\geq G}"></span> </td> <td>Violet </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4+{\frac {R-G}{B-G}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4+{\frac {R-G}{B-G}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/84f27aec4c826d526a6b76526281e4f844446a42" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.75ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(4+{\frac {R-G}{B-G}}\right)}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R\geq B>G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>></mo> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R\geq B>G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e766fce2ce7217228bcf758c0bac4ceeeeb51b1b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.552ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R\geq B>G}"></span> </td> <td>Rose </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(6-{\frac {B-G}{R-G}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>60</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>6</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(6-{\frac {B-G}{R-G}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/19cc133b044d1e1e8eae52d5c86ae5e861b4cda7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:19.75ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 60^{\circ }\cdot \left(6-{\frac {B-G}{R-G}}\right)}"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In each case the formula contains the fraction <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {M-L}{H-L}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {M-L}{H-L}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c2e32b87648164613b6a9d69a1a33843f055929e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:7.702ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {M-L}{H-L}}}"></span>, where <i>H</i> is the highest of R, G, and B; <i>L</i> is the lowest, and <i>M</i> is the mid one between the other two. This is referred to as the "Preucil hue error" and was used in the computation of mask strength in photomechanical color reproduction.<sup id="cite_ref-Southworth_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Southworth-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hue angles computed for the Preucil circle agree with the hue angle computed for the Preucil hexagon at integer multiples of 30° (red, yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta, and the colors midway between contiguous pairs) and differ by approximately 1.2° at odd integer multiples of 15° (based on the circle formula), the maximal divergence between the two. </p><p>The process of converting an RGB color into an <a href="/wiki/HSL_color_space" class="mw-redirect" title="HSL color space">HSL color space</a> or <a href="/wiki/HSV_color_space" class="mw-redirect" title="HSV color space">HSV color space</a> is usually based on a 6-piece piecewise mapping, treating the HSV cone as a <a href="/wiki/Hexacone" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexacone">hexacone</a>, or the HSL double cone as a double hexacone.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The formulae used are those in the table above. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Additional images for hue in the HSL and HSV systems</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 556px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 554px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HueScale.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hue in the HSL/HSV encodings of RGB"><img alt="Hue in the HSL/HSV encodings of RGB" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HueScale.svg/831px-HueScale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="554" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HueScale.svg/1247px-HueScale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HueScale.svg/1662px-HueScale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hue in the <a href="/wiki/HSL_color_space" class="mw-redirect" title="HSL color space">HSL/HSV</a> encodings of <a href="/wiki/RGB" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB">RGB</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 108.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 106.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An image with the hues cyclically shifted in HSL space"><img alt="An image with the hues cyclically shifted in HSL space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg/160px-Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg/240px-Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg/320px-Hue_shift_six_photoshop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="899" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An image with the hues cyclically shifted in HSL space</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 129.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 127.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hue.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="The hues in this image of a painted bunting are cyclically rotated over time in HSL."><img alt="The hues in this image of a painted bunting are cyclically rotated over time in HSL." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Hue.gif" decoding="async" width="128" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="118" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The hues in this image of a <a href="/wiki/Painted_bunting" title="Painted bunting">painted bunting</a> are cyclically rotated over time in HSL.</div> </li> </ul> <p>One might notice that the HSL/HSV hue "circle" do not appear to all be of the same brightness. This is a known issue of this RGB-based derivation of hue.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage_in_art">Usage in art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Usage in art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manufacturers of pigments use the word hue, for example, "cadmium yellow (hue)" to indicate that the original pigmentation ingredient, often toxic, has been replaced by safer (or cheaper) alternatives whilst retaining the hue of the original. Replacements are often used for <a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">chromium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">cadmium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alizarin" title="Alizarin">alizarin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hue_vs._dominant_wavelength">Hue vs. dominant wavelength</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hue vs. dominant wavelength"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dominant_wavelength" title="Dominant wavelength">Dominant wavelength</a> (or sometimes equivalent wavelength) is a physical analog to the perceptual attribute hue. On a <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity_diagram" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromaticity diagram">chromaticity diagram</a>, a line is drawn from a <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a> through the coordinates of the color in question, until it intersects the <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space#The_CIE_xy_chromaticity_diagram" title="CIE 1931 color space">spectral locus</a>. The wavelength at which the line intersects the spectrum locus is identified as the color's <a href="/wiki/Dominant_wavelength" title="Dominant wavelength">dominant wavelength</a> if the point is on the same side of the white point as the spectral locus, and as the color's <a href="/wiki/Complementary_wavelength" class="mw-redirect" title="Complementary wavelength">complementary wavelength</a> if the point is on the opposite side.<sup id="cite_ref-Judd1976_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judd1976-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Hue_difference:_dh_or_dH*"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hue_difference_notation">Hue difference notation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hue difference notation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two main ways in which hue difference is quantified. The first is the simple difference between the two hue angles. The symbol for this expression of hue difference is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta h_{ab}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta h_{ab}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/25a1d1035b4ff0d4c3db5c75f3f840a102130435" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.082ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta h_{ab}}"></span> in CIELAB and <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta h_{uv}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>u</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta h_{uv}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e3dfc987e5161f2c59f90141507adb2025bcfe49" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.245ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta h_{uv}}"></span> in CIELUV. The other is computed as the residual total color difference after Lightness and Chroma differences have been accounted for; its symbol is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta H_{ab}^{*}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta H_{ab}^{*}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b149a49f1c0ea419b79ac966b1138ca5b4440f9c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.674ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta H_{ab}^{*}}"></span> in CIELAB and <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta H_{uv}^{*}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>u</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta H_{uv}^{*}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a40967e9b6c06698efd5dfb041b95c1ac2220485" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.837ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta H_{uv}^{*}}"></span> in CIELUV. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names_and_other_notations">Names and other notations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Names and other notations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There exists some correspondence, more or less precise, between hue values and <a href="/wiki/Color_term" title="Color term">color terms</a> (names). One approach in color science is to use traditional color terms but try to give them more precise definitions. See <a href="/wiki/Spectral_color#Spectral_color_terms" title="Spectral color">spectral color#Spectral color terms</a> for names of highly saturated colors with the hue from ≈ 0° (red) up to ≈ 275° (violet), and <a href="/wiki/Line_of_purples#Table_of_highly-saturated_purple_colors" title="Line of purples">line of purples#Table of highly-saturated purple colors</a> for color terms of the remaining part of the color wheel. </p><p>Alternative approach is to use a systematic notation. It can be a standard <a href="/wiki/Angle" title="Angle">angle</a> notation for certain color model such as HSL/HSV mentioned above, <a href="/wiki/CIELUV" title="CIELUV">CIELUV</a>, or <a href="/wiki/CIECAM02" title="CIECAM02">CIECAM02</a>. Alphanumeric notations such as of <a href="/wiki/Munsell_color_system" title="Munsell color system">Munsell color system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_Color_System" title="Natural Color System">NCS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pantone_Matching_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantone Matching System">Pantone Matching System</a> are also used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lightness_(color)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightness (color)">Lightness (color)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromaticity" title="Chromaticity">Chromaticity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munsell_color_system" title="Munsell color system">Munsell color system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezold%E2%80%93Br%C3%BCcke_shift" title="Bezold–Brücke shift">Bezold–Brücke shift</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Fairchild, "Color Appearance Models: CIECAM02 and Beyond". 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/100800/2/1-s2.0-S0896627307007702-mmc1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2021-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Livonia, New York: Graphic Arts Publishing, 1979.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMax_K._Agoston2004" class="citation book cs1">Max K. Agoston (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fGX8yC-4vXUC&q=hsv++hue+rgb&pg=PA301"><i>Computer Graphics and Geometric Modelling v. 1: Implementation and Algorithms</i></a>. Springer. pp. 301–304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85233-818-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85233-818-0"><bdi>1-85233-818-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170321080302/https://books.google.com/books?id=fGX8yC-4vXUC&pg=PA301&lpg=PA301&dq=hsv++hue+rgb#PPA304,M1">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Computer+Graphics+and+Geometric+Modelling+v.+1%3A+Implementation+and+Algorithms&rft.pages=301-304&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-85233-818-0&rft.au=Max+K.+Agoston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfGX8yC-4vXUC%26q%3Dhsv%2B%2Bhue%2Brgb%26pg%3DPA301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrewer1999" class="citation conference cs1">Brewer, Cynthia A. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090807105257/http://www.personal.psu.edu/cab38/ColorSch/ASApaper.html">"Color Use Guidelines for Data Representation"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Section on Statistical Graphics</i>. Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association. pp. 55–60. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.personal.psu.edu/cab38/ColorSch/ASApaper.html">the original</a> on 2009-08-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=Color+Use+Guidelines+for+Data+Representation&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Section+on+Statistical+Graphics&rft.place=Alexandria%2C+VA&rft.pages=55-60&rft.pub=American+Statistical+Association&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=Cynthia+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.personal.psu.edu%2Fcab38%2FColorSch%2FASApaper.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Judd1976-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Judd1976_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Deane B Judd and Günter Wyszecki, <i>Color in Business, Science, and Industry.</i> New York: Wiley, 1976.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hue&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gimps.de/en/tutorials/gimp/picture-photo-image/improve-colors/">Editing of hue in photography</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Rainbow" title="Rainbow">Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_spectrum" title="Visible spectrum">Visible</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectral_color" title="Spectral color">Spectral colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromophore" title="Chromophore">Chromophore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Structural_coloration" title="Structural coloration">Structural coloration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_coloration" title="Animal coloration">Animal coloration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_of_chemicals" title="Color of chemicals">Color of chemicals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_of_water" title="Color of water">Water</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectral_power_distribution" title="Spectral power distribution">Spectral power distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorimetry" title="Colorimetry">Colorimetry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_vision" title="Color vision">Color perception</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromesthesia" title="Chromesthesia">Chromesthesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonochromatism" title="Sonochromatism">Sonochromatism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_blindness" title="Color blindness">Color blindness</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achromatopsia" title="Achromatopsia">Achromatopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichromacy" title="Dichromacy">Dichromacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_calibration" title="Color calibration">Color calibration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_constancy" title="Color constancy">Color constancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_task" title="Color task">Color task</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_code" title="Color code">Color code</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_temperature" title="Color temperature">Color temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_vision_test" title="Color vision test">Color vision test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_color_vision" title="Evolution of color vision">Evolution of color vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impossible_color" title="Impossible color">Impossible colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamerism_(color)" title="Metamerism (color)">Metamerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opponent_process" title="Opponent process">Opponent process</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afterimage" title="Afterimage">Afterimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unique_hues" title="Unique hues">Unique hues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrachromacy" title="Tetrachromacy">Tetrachromacy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_dress" title="The dress">The dress</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_psychology" title="Color psychology">Color psychology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_symbolism" title="Color symbolism">Color symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_preferences" title="Color preferences">Color preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCscher_color_test" title="Lüscher color test">Lüscher color test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kruithof_curve" title="Kruithof curve">Kruithof curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_colour" title="Political colour">Political color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_colours" title="National colours">National colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromophobia" title="Chromophobia">Chromophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromotherapy" title="Chromotherapy">Chromotherapy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_reproduction" title="Color reproduction">Color reproduction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_photography" title="Color photography">Color photography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_balance" title="Color balance">Color balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colour_cast" title="Colour cast">Color cast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_image_processing" title="Digital image processing">Digital image processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_management" title="Color management">Color management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_printing" title="Color printing">Color printing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-primary_color_display" title="Multi-primary color display">Multi-primary color display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattron" title="Quattron">Quattron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_model" title="Color model">Color model</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Additive_color" title="Additive color">additive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RGB" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB">RGB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subtractive_color" title="Subtractive color">subtractive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CMYK" class="mw-redirect" title="CMYK">CMYK</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">Color space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_mapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Color mapping">Color mapping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RGB_color_wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/RGB_color_wheel.svg/100px-RGB_color_wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/RGB_color_wheel.svg/150px-RGB_color_wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/RGB_color_wheel.svg/200px-RGB_color_wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_color" title="Philosophy of color">Color<br />philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_scheme" title="Color scheme">Color scheme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_picker" title="Color picker">Color tool</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monochromatic_colors" class="mw-redirect" title="Monochromatic colors">Monochromatic colors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">black-and-white</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complementary_colors" title="Complementary colors">Complementary colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analogous_colors" title="Analogous colors">Analogous colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey" title="Grey">Achromatic colors (Neutral)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polychrome" title="Polychrome">Polychromatic colors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light-on-dark_color_scheme" title="Light-on-dark color scheme">Light-on-dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_colors" title="Web colors">Web colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tincture_(heraldry)" title="Tincture (heraldry)">Tinctures in heraldry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_theory" title="Color theory">Color theory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_mixing" title="Color mixing">Color mixing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_color" title="Primary color">Primary color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_color" title="Secondary color">Secondary color</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromaticity" title="Chromaticity">Chromaticity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_solid" title="Color solid">Color solid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_wheel" title="Color wheel">Color wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_triangle" title="Color triangle">Color triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_analysis" title="Color analysis">Color analysis</a> (fashion)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_realism_(art_style)" title="Color realism (art style)">Color realism (art style)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Vision_and_Colours" title="On Vision and Colours">On Vision and Colours</a></i> (Schopenhauer)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_Colours" title="Theory of Colours">Theory of Colours</a></i> (Goethe)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_term" title="Color term">Color terms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_term#Basic_color_terms" title="Color term">Basic terms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow" title="Yellow">Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink" title="Pink">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">Purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_(colour)" title="Orange (colour)">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black" title="Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey" title="Grey">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White" title="White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown" title="Brown">Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Color_in_culture" title="Category:Color in culture">Cultural differences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linguistic_relativity_and_the_color_naming_debate" title="Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate">Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue%E2%80%93green_distinction_in_language" title="Blue–green distinction in language">Blue–green distinction in language</a></li></ul></li> <li>Color history <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white_dualism" title="Black-and-white dualism">Black-and-white dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_in_culture" title="Blue in culture">Blue in culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_in_Chinese_culture" title="Color in Chinese culture">Color in Chinese culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_colors_of_Japan" title="Traditional colors of Japan">Traditional colors of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_skin_color" title="Human skin color">Human skin color</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Color dimensions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dichromatism" title="Dichromatism">Dichromatism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorfulness" title="Colorfulness">Colorfulness</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_(color)" title="Pastel (color)">Pastel colors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">Luminance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lightness" title="Lightness">Lightness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkness" title="Darkness">Darkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brightness" title="Brightness">Brightness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridescence" title="Iridescence">Iridescence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorescence" title="Fluorescence">Fluorescence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayscale" title="Grayscale">Grayscale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tint,_shade_and_tone" title="Tint, shade and tone">Tint, shade and tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Color<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantone" title="Pantone">Pantone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Marketing_Group" title="Color Marketing Group">Color Marketing Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Association_of_the_United_States" title="Color Association of the United States">Color Association of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Colour_Authority" title="International Colour Authority">International Colour Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Illumination" title="International Commission on Illumination">International Commission on Illumination</a> (CIE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Color_Consortium" title="International Color Consortium">International Color Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Colour_Association" title="International Colour Association">International Colour Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Names</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_colors" title="Lists of colors">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors:_A%E2%80%93F" title="List of colors: A–F">List of colors: A–F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors:_G%E2%80%93M" title="List of colors: G–M">List of colors: G–M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors:_N%E2%80%93Z" title="List of colors: N–Z">List of colors: N–Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors_(compact)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colors (compact)">List of colors (compact)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors_by_shade" title="List of colors by shade">List of colors by shade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_color_palettes" title="List of color palettes">List of color palettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_color_spaces_and_their_uses" title="List of color spaces and their uses">List of color spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crayola_crayon_colors" title="List of Crayola crayon colors">List of Crayola crayon colors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Crayola_crayons" title="History of Crayola crayons">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_chart" title="Color chart">Color chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_RAL_colors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of RAL colors">List of RAL colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_colors" title="Web colors">List of web colors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colors_by_shade" title="List of colors by shade">Shades of:</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_red" title="Shades of red">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_orange" title="Shades of orange">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_yellow" title="Shades of yellow">Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_green" title="Shades of green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_cyan" title="Shades of cyan">Cyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_blue" title="Shades of blue">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_violet" title="Shades of violet">Violet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_purple" title="Shades of purple">Purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_magenta" title="Shades of magenta">Magenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_pink" title="Shades of pink">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_brown" title="Shades of brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_white" title="Shades of white">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_gray" title="Shades of gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shades_of_black" title="Shades of black">Black</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th 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