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Karami</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Elham Karami"> <meta name="keywords" content="Elham Karami"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Elham Karami" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Elham Karami"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 140</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Elham Karami</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Application of Fuzzy Clustering on Classification Agile Supply Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Fallah%20Lajimi">Hamidreza Fallah Lajimi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Karami"> Elham Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Ali%20nasab"> Fatemeh Ali nasab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Mahdavikia"> Mostafa Mahdavikia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being responsive is an increasingly important skill for firms in today’s global economy; thus firms must be agile. Naturally, it follows that an organization’s agility depends on its supply chain being agile. However, achieving supply chain agility is a function of other abilities within the organization. This paper analyses results from a survey of 71 Iran manufacturing companies in order to identify some of the factors for agile organizations in managing their supply chains. Then we classification this company in four cluster with fuzzy c-mean technique and with four validations functional determine automatically the optimal number of clusters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20supply%20chain" title="agile supply chain">agile supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20clustering" title=" fuzzy clustering"> fuzzy clustering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28115/application-of-fuzzy-clustering-on-classification-agile-supply-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Application of Fuzzy Clustering on Classification Agile Supply Chain Firms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Fallah%20Lajimi">Hamidreza Fallah Lajimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Karami"> Elham Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Arab"> Alireza Arab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Alinasab"> Fatemeh Alinasab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being responsive is an increasingly important skill for firms in today’s global economy; thus firms must be agile. Naturally, it follows that an organization’s agility depends on its supply chain being agile. However, achieving supply chain agility is a function of other abilities within the organization. This paper analyses results from a survey of 71 Iran manufacturing companies in order to identify some of the factors for agile organizations in managing their supply chains. Then we classification this company in four cluster with fuzzy c-mean technique and with Four validations functional determine automatically the optimal number of clusters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20supply%20chain" title="agile supply chain">agile supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20clustering" title=" fuzzy clustering"> fuzzy clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20engineering" title=" business engineering"> business engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28866/application-of-fuzzy-clustering-on-classification-agile-supply-chain-firms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">713</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Quantum Entanglement and Thermalization in Superconducting Two-Qubit Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Karami">E. Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bohloul"> M. Bohloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Najmadi"> P. Najmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The superconducting system is a suitable system for quantum computers. Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon that is key to the power of quantum computers. Quantum entanglement has been studied in different superconducting systems. In this paper, we are investigating a superconducting two-qubit system as a macroscopic system. These systems include two coupled Quantronium circuits. We calculate quantum entanglement and thermalization for system evolution and compare them. We observe, thermalization and entanglement have different behavior, and equilibrium thermal state has maximum entanglement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system" title="macroscopic system">macroscopic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20entanglement" title=" quantum entanglement"> quantum entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermalization" title=" thermalization"> thermalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20system" title=" superconducting system"> superconducting system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148726/quantum-entanglement-and-thermalization-in-superconducting-two-qubit-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> An Empirical Investigation of Relationships between Consumer Involvement and Advertisement Effectiveness </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Karami%20Mal%20Amiri">Nasim Karami Mal Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Razm%20Azma"> Farhad Razm Azma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parts of consumer involvement in regards to one product are related to advertisement strategies. Different consumer involvement has different answers to the effectiveness of advertisement. This study has divided the market considering the characteristics and relationship between consumer involvement and the effectiveness of advertisement. The results of this study show consumer involvement which does affect parts of marketing. A positive and direct relationship among consumer involvement and the eventual effectiveness of advertisement has been shown. A great amount of consumer involvement is directly related to advertisement effectiveness. Therefore, consumer involvement is a critical factor in advertisement strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20involvement" title="consumer involvement">consumer involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertisement%20effectiveness" title=" advertisement effectiveness"> advertisement effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20marketing" title=" effective marketing "> effective marketing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13105/an-empirical-investigation-of-relationships-between-consumer-involvement-and-advertisement-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Reliability Assessment of Various Empirical Formulas for Prediction of Scour Hole Depth (Plunge Pool) Using a Comprehensive Physical Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Galoie">Majid Galoie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khodadad%20Safavi"> Khodadad Safavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolreza%20Karami%20Nejad"> Abdolreza Karami Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Roshan"> Reza Roshan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a comprehensive scouring model has been developed in order to evaluate the accuracy of various empirical relationships which were suggested for prediction of scour hole depth in plunge pools by Martins, Mason, Chian and Veronese. For this reason, scour hole depths caused by free falling jets from a flip bucket to a plunge pool were investigated. In this study various discharges, angles, scouring times, etc. have been considered. The final results demonstrated that the all mentioned empirical formulas, except Mason formula, were reasonably agreement with the experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scour%20hole%20depth" title="scour hole depth">scour hole depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plunge%20pool" title=" plunge pool"> plunge pool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20model" title=" physical model"> physical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20assessment" title=" reliability assessment "> reliability assessment </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20084/reliability-assessment-of-various-empirical-formulas-for-prediction-of-scour-hole-depth-plunge-pool-using-a-comprehensive-physical-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Climatic Roots of Piracy in Red Sea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Karami">Nasser Karami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Piracy in the North West of Indian Ocean and the Red Sea has become a global crisis in recent years. Pirates of this area are often very poor people from the Horn of Africa and the western coast of the Red Sea. Climatic and geographical evidence suggests that poverty and destruction of social structures in the region have directly relation to prolonged-drought. Indeed, after the seventies (more than 40 years ago) due to the long-term drought in the region, all political, economic and social structures had declined. Spread of terrorism, violent extremism and of course piracy, are main effects of climate change and drought of this regression. It is disturbing to say the climatic documents say that because of global climate change, severe drought will continue in this region. This mean that the dangers worse than piracy threatens the future of this area. Forty-year data that has assessed in this study indicate that there is direct relationship between spread of drought and piracy in the Red Sea. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate" title="climate">climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piracy%20in%20red%20sea" title=" piracy in red sea"> piracy in red sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30771/climatic-roots-of-piracy-in-red-sea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Embodied Cognition as a Concept of Educational Neuroscience and Phenomenology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Shirvani-Ghadikolaei">Elham Shirvani-Ghadikolaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we examine the connection between the human mind and body within the framework of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology. We study the role of this connection in designing more efficient learning environments, alongside the findings in physical recognition and educational neuroscience. Our research shows the interplay between the mind and the body in the external world and discusses its implications. Based on these observations, we make suggestions as to how the educational system can benefit from taking into account the interaction between the mind and the body in educational affairs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20neurosciences" title="educational neurosciences">educational neurosciences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embodied%20cognition" title=" embodied cognition"> embodied cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogical%20neurosciences" title=" pedagogical neurosciences"> pedagogical neurosciences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73163/embodied-cognition-as-a-concept-of-educational-neuroscience-and-phenomenology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Chabahar Coastal Zone Using Swot Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Karami">R. Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gharaei"> A. Gharaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to investigate ecotourism status in Chabahar coastal zone using swot analysis and strategic planning. Firstly, the current status of region was studied by literature review, field survey and statistical analysis. Then strengths and weaknesses (internal factors) were identified as well as opportunities and threats (external factors) using Delphi Method. Based on the obtained results, the total score of 2.46 in IFE matrix and 2.33 in the EFE matrix represents poor condition related to the internal and external factors respectively. This condition means both external and internal factors have not been utilized properly and the zone needs defensive plan; thus appropriate planning and organizational management practices are required to deal with these factors. Furthermore strategic goals, objectives and action plans in short, medium and long term schedule were formulated in attention to swot analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWOT%20analysis" title=" SWOT analysis"> SWOT analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chabahar" title=" Chabahar"> Chabahar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32310/planning-for-sustainable-tourism-in-chabahar-coastal-zone-using-swot-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Investigation Acute Toxicity and Bioaccumulation Mineral Mercury in Rutilus frisii Kutum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gharaei">A. Gharaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Karami"> R. Karami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rutilus frisii Kutum was exposed to various concentrations of mercuric chloride in water to determine its acute toxicity and bioaccumulation. We carried out ten treatments with three replicates and one control for each of the chemicals using the static O. E. C. D. method in 55-liter-tanks each containing 14 fingerlings. During the experiments, the average pH was recorded as 7.8, total hardness was measured to be 255 mg/l, the average water temperature was 27±1 degrees centigrade and dissolved oxygen was 7.2 mg/l. Mean LC50 values of Hgcl2 for juvenile R. frisii kutum with mean weight 1±0.2 gr were 0.102 and 0.86 mgHg/l at 24h and 96h, respectively. The bioaccumulation values during 24h in tissue, kidney, and gill were 1.55, 16.1, and 22.7 mgHg/l, respectively. So, these values during 96h were 2.8, 16.8, and 26.65 mgHg/l, respectively. The bioconcentration factors in tissue, kidney, and gill during 24h were 14.75, 153.39, and 216.11 and so during 96h were 33.8, 198.1, and 313.5 times. These results show that bioaccumulation was highest in the gill and then kidney and tissue, respectively. This study suggested that between mercury concentrations of water with bioaccumulation in tissue more than kidney and gill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HgCl2" title="HgCl2">HgCl2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LC5096h" title=" LC5096h"> LC5096h</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation" title=" bioaccumulation"> bioaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutilus%20frisii%20Kutum" title=" Rutilus frisii Kutum"> Rutilus frisii Kutum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspian%20Sea" title=" Caspian Sea"> Caspian Sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34715/investigation-acute-toxicity-and-bioaccumulation-mineral-mercury-in-rutilus-frisii-kutum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Engesser-Timoshenko Beams Subjected to Axial Load Located on a Continuous Elastic Foundation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Karami%20Khorramabadi">M. Karami Khorramabadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Nezamabadi"> A. R. Nezamabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies free vibration of functionally graded beams Subjected to Axial Load that is simply supported at both ends lies on a continuous elastic foundation. The displacement field of beam is assumed based on Engesser-Timoshenko beam theory. The Young's modulus of beam is assumed to be graded continuously across the beam thickness. Applying the Hamilton's principle, the governing equation is established. Resulting equation is solved using the Euler's Equation. The effects of the constituent volume fractions and foundation coefficient on the vibration frequency are presented. To investigate the accuracy of the present analysis, a compression study is carried out with a known data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20beam" title="functionally graded beam">functionally graded beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration" title=" free vibration"> free vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20foundation" title=" elastic foundation"> elastic foundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engesser-Timoshenko%20beam%20theory" title=" Engesser-Timoshenko beam theory"> Engesser-Timoshenko beam theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15081/vibration-analysis-of-functionally-graded-engesser-timoshenko-beams-subjected-to-axial-load-located-on-a-continuous-elastic-foundation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> The Effect of Human Capital and Oil Revenue on Income Distribution in Real Sample</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marjan%20Majdi">Marjan Majdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MohammadAli%20Moradi"> MohammadAli Moradi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Samarikhalaj"> Elham Samarikhalaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Income distribution is one of the most topics in macro economic theories. There are many categories in economy such as income distribution that have the most influenced by economic policies. Human capital has an impact on economic growth and it has significant effect on income distributions. The results of this study confirm that the effects of oil revenue and human capital on income distribution are negative and significant but the value of the estimated coefficient is too small in a real sample in period time (1969-2006). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gini%20coefficient" title="gini coefficient">gini coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20distribution" title=" income distribution"> income distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20revenue" title=" oil revenue"> oil revenue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27395/the-effect-of-human-capital-and-oil-revenue-on-income-distribution-in-real-sample" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">636</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Preconcentration and Determination of Lead Ion in Environmental Samples by Poly Urea-Formaldehyde</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri">Elham Moniri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvane%20Bozorgniya"> Parvane Bozorgniya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Shahbazi"> Hamidreza Shahbazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, poly urea-formaldehyde was prepared. The poly urea-formaldehyde was characterized by fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Then the effects of various parameters on Pb(II) sorption such as pH, contact time were studied. The optimum pH value for sorption of Pb(II) was 5. The sorption capacity of poly urea-formaldehyde for Pb(II) were 40 mg g−1. A Pb(II) removal of 90% was obtained. The profile of Pb(II) uptake on this sorbent reflects good accessibility of the chelating sites in the poly urea-formaldehyde. The developed method was utilized for determination of Pb(II) in environmental water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%20urea-formaldehyde" title="poly urea-formaldehyde">poly urea-formaldehyde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20Ion" title=" lead Ion"> lead Ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sample" title=" environmental sample"> environmental sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determination" title=" determination "> determination </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15683/preconcentration-and-determination-of-lead-ion-in-environmental-samples-by-poly-urea-formaldehyde" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Comparative Study of Al₂O₃ and HfO₂ as Gate Dielectric on AlGaN/GaN Metal Oxide Semiconductor High-Electron Mobility Transistors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaivan%20%20Karami">Kaivan Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahalu%20Hassan"> Sahalu Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanna%20Taking"> Sanna Taking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afesome%20Ofiare"> Afesome Ofiare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniket%20Dhongde"> Aniket Dhongde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Al-Khalidi"> Abdullah Al-Khalidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Wasige"> Edward Wasige</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have made a comparative study on the influence of Al₂O₃ and HfO₂ grown using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique as dielectric in the AlGaN/GaN metal oxide semiconductor high electron mobility transistor (MOS-HEMT) structure. Five samples consisting of 20 nm and 10 nm each of Al₂O₃ and HfO₂ respectively and a Schottky gate HEMT, were fabricated and measured. The threshold voltage shifts towards negative by 0.1 V and 1.8 V for 10 nm thick HfO2 and 10 nm thick Al₂O₃ gate dielectric layers respectively. The negative shift for the 20 nm HfO2 and 20 nm Al₂O₃ were 1.2 V and 4.9 V respectively. Higher gm/IDS (transconductance to drain current) ratio was also obtained in HfO₂ than Al₂O₃. With both materials as dielectric, a significant reduction in the gate leakage current in the order of 10^4 was obtained compared to the sample without the dielectric material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlGaN%2FGaN%20HEMTs" title="AlGaN/GaN HEMTs">AlGaN/GaN HEMTs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al2O3" title=" Al2O3"> Al2O3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HfO2" title=" HfO2"> HfO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOSHEMTs." title=" MOSHEMTs."> MOSHEMTs.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155167/comparative-study-of-al2o3-and-hfo2-as-gate-dielectric-on-algangan-metal-oxide-semiconductor-high-electron-mobility-transistors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Isotherm Study of Modified Zeolite in Sorption of Naphthalene from Water Sample</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Hesam%20Hassani"> Amir Hesam Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Torki"> Akram Torki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new sorbent was synthesized through chemical modification of clinoptilolite zeolite using 2-naphtol, and characterized with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis methods and applied for the removal and elimination of trace naphthalene from water samples. The optimum pH value for sorption of the naphthalene by modified zeolite was in acidic pH. The sorption capacity of modified zeolite was 142 mg. g−1. Isotherm models, Langmuir, Frendlich and Temkin were employed to analyze the adsorption capacity of modified zeolite, which revealed that naphthalene adsorption by this zeolite follows Langmuir model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeolite" title="zeolite">zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinoptilolite" title=" clinoptilolite"> clinoptilolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modification" title=" modification"> modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naphthalene" title=" naphthalene"> naphthalene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35383/isotherm-study-of-modified-zeolite-in-sorption-of-naphthalene-from-water-sample" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Densities and Viscosities of Binary Mixture Containing Diethylamine and 2-Alkanol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20jassemi%20Zargani">Elham jassemi Zargani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20almasi"> Mohammad almasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Densities and viscosities for binary mixtures of diethylamine + 2 Alkanol (2 propanol up to 2 pentanol) were measured over the entire composition range and temperature interval of 293.15 to 323.15 K. Excess molar volumes V_m^E and viscosity deviations Δη were calculated and correlated by the Redlich−Kister type function to derive the coefficients and estimate the standard error. For mixtures of diethylamine with used 2-alkanols, V_m^E and Δη are negative over the entire range of mole fraction. The observed variations of these parameters, with alkanols chain length and temperature, are discussed in terms of the inter-molecular interactions between the unlike molecules of the binary mixtures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=densities" title="densities">densities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosities" title=" viscosities"> viscosities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diethylamine" title=" diethylamine"> diethylamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-alkanol" title=" 2-alkanol"> 2-alkanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redlich-Kister" title=" Redlich-Kister "> Redlich-Kister </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14020/densities-and-viscosities-of-binary-mixture-containing-diethylamine-and-2-alkanol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Poly Urea-Formaldehyde for Preconcentration and Determination of Cadmium Ion in Environmental Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Tajik"> Samira Tajik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Hadi%20Dehghani"> Mohamad Hadi Dehghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Khezri"> Mostafa Khezri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, poly urea-formaldehyde was prepared. The poly urea-formaldehyde was characterized by fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Then the effects of various parameters on Cd (II) sorption such as pH, contact time were studied. The optimum pH value for sorption of Cd(II) was 5.5. The sorption capacity of poly urea-formaldehyde for Cd (II) were 76.3 mg g−1. A Cd (II) removal of 55% was obtained. The profile of Cd (II) uptake on this sorbent reflects good accessibility of the chelating sites in the poly urea-formaldehyde. The developed method was utilized for determination of Cd (II) in environmental water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%20urea-formaldehyde" title="poly urea-formaldehyde">poly urea-formaldehyde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium%20ion" title=" cadmium ion"> cadmium ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sample" title=" environmental sample"> environmental sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determination" title=" determination "> determination </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15609/poly-urea-formaldehyde-for-preconcentration-and-determination-of-cadmium-ion-in-environmental-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Determination and Preconcentration of Chromium Ion in Environmental Samples by Clinoptilolite Zeolite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri">Elham Moniri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi"> Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitra%20Hoseini"> Mitra Hoseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, clinoptilolite zeolite was prepared. The zeolite was characterized by fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Then the effects of various parameters on Cr(III) sorption such as pH, contact time were studied. The optimum pH value for sorption of Cr(III) was 6 respectively. The sorption capacity of zeolite for Cr(III) were 7.9 mg g−1. A recovery of 89% was obtained for the metal ions with 0.5 M nitric acid as the eluting agent. The effects of interfering ions on Cr(III) sorption was also investigated. The profile of Cr(III) uptake on this sorbent reflects a good accessibility of the chelating sites in the clinoptilolite zeolite. The developed method was utilized for the determination of Cr(III) in environmental water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinoptilolite%20zeolite" title="clinoptilolite zeolite">clinoptilolite zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium" title=" chromium"> chromium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sample" title=" environmental sample"> environmental sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determination" title=" determination "> determination </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1522/determination-and-preconcentration-of-chromium-ion-in-environmental-samples-by-clinoptilolite-zeolite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Advanced Mechatronic Design of Robot Manipulator Using Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Karami">Reza Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Ebrahimi"> Ali Akbar Ebrahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses concurrent engineering of robot manipulators, based on the Holistic Concurrent Design (HCD) methodology and by using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform. The methodology allows for considering numerous design variables with different natures concurrently. It redefines the ultimate goal of design based on the notion of satisfaction, resulting in the simplification of the multi-objective constrained optimization process. It also formalizes the effect of designer’s subjective attitude in the process. To enhance modeling efficiency for both computation and accuracy, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform is used, which involves physical joint modules and the control unit in addition to the software modules. This platform is implemented in the HCD design architecture to reliably evaluate the design attributes and performance super criterion during the design process. The resulting overall architecture is applied to redesigning kinematic, dynamic and control parameters of an industrial robot manipulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concurrent%20engineering" title="concurrent engineering">concurrent engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardware-in-the-loop%20simulation" title=" hardware-in-the-loop simulation"> hardware-in-the-loop simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot%20manipulator" title=" robot manipulator"> robot manipulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidisciplinary%20systems" title=" multidisciplinary systems"> multidisciplinary systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechatronics" title=" mechatronics"> mechatronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2865/advanced-mechatronic-design-of-robot-manipulator-using-hardware-in-the-loop-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymer for Removal of Chromium(III) Ion in Environmental Samples </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri">Elham Moniri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohre%20Moradi"> Zohre Moradi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, ion imprinted poly urea-formaldehyde was prepared. The morphology imprinted polymer was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Then, the effects of various parameters on Cr(III) sorption such as pH, contact time were investigated. The optimum pH value for sorption of Cr(III) was 6. The sorption capacity of imprinted poly urea-formaldehyde for Cr(III) were 4 mg.g−1. A Cr(III) removal of 97-98% was obtained. The profile of Cr(III) uptake on this sorbent reflects good accessibility of the chelating sites in the imprinted poly urea-formaldehyde. The developed method was utilized for determination of Cr(III) in environmental water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium%20ion" title="chromium ion">chromium ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sample" title=" environmental sample"> environmental sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elimination" title=" elimination"> elimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imprinted%20poly%20urea-formaldehyde" title=" imprinted poly urea-formaldehyde"> imprinted poly urea-formaldehyde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymeric%20sorbent" title=" polymeric sorbent"> polymeric sorbent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35358/synthesis-of-ion-imprinted-polymer-for-removal-of-chromiumiii-ion-in-environmental-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Optimization of Flip Bucket Dents in Order to Reduce Scour Hole Depth (Plunge Pool) Using a Comprehensive Physical Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Galoie">Majid Galoie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khodadad%20Safavi"> Khodadad Safavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolreza%20Karami%20Nejad"> Abdolreza Karami Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Roshan"> Reza Roshan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scour downstream of a flip bucket in a plunge pool is caused by impingement of water jet force. In order to reduce this force and consequently reduce scour hole depth, flip buckets may equip by dents. The minimum scour hole depth might be occurred by optimization of dents (number, shape, placement) on flip buckets. In this study, a comprehensive physical model has been developed and various options for dents have been investigated. The experimental data for each dent option such as scour hole depth, angle of impingement jet, piezometric pressure in tail-water and jet trajectory have been measured for various discharges. Finally, the best option can be found by analysis of the experimental results which has been expressed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scouring%20process" title="scouring process">scouring process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plunge%20pool" title=" plunge pool"> plunge pool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scour%20hole%20depth" title=" scour hole depth"> scour hole depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20model" title=" physical model"> physical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flip%20bucket" title=" flip bucket "> flip bucket </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20083/optimization-of-flip-bucket-dents-in-order-to-reduce-scour-hole-depth-plunge-pool-using-a-comprehensive-physical-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Web-Based Intervention for Addressing Cigarette Smoking Prevention among College Students </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Jalilian">Farzad Jalilian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Mirzaei%20Alavijeh"> Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ahmadpanah"> Mohammad Ahmadpanah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Karami%20Matin"> Behzad Karami Matin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Aghaei"> Abbas Aghaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ali%20Eslami"> Ahmad Ali Eslami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Smoking is introduced as one of the main risky factors to develop different types of diseases around the world, especially related to non-contagious diseases. The goal of the present study was assessment of the effectiveness of web based education program to prevent cigarette smoking among college students. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, during 2014, 150 male college students in Isfahan and Kermanshah University of medical sciences were assigned to intervention group (receiving web based education program) and control groups. The study information was analyzed by SPSS software version 21 using cross-tabulation, t-test, repeated measures and GEE. Results: It was found significantly that average response for attitude towards cigarette smoking and sensation seeking after education reduced (P < 0.05). After intervention there was no significant difference between intervention and control group of cigarette smoking (P > 0.05). Conclusion: web based education have usefulness to reduce belief towards cigarette smoking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web-based%20intervention" title="web-based intervention">web-based intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoking" title=" smoking"> smoking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33736/web-based-intervention-for-addressing-cigarette-smoking-prevention-among-college-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> The Challenges of Hyper-Textual Learning Approach for Religious Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Shirvani%E2%80%93Ghadikolaei">Elham Shirvani–Ghadikolaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mahdi%20Sajjadi"> Seyed Mahdi Sajjadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> State of the art technology has the tremendous impact on our life, in this situation education system have been influenced as well as. In this paper, tried to compare two space of learning text and hypertext with each other, and some challenges of using hypertext in religious education. Regarding the fact that, hypertext is an undeniable part of learning in this world and it has highly beneficial for the education process from class to office and home. In this paper tried to solve this question: the consequences and challenges of applying hypertext in religious education. Also, the consequences of this survey demonstrate the role of curriculum designer and planner of education to solve this problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyper-textual" title="Hyper-textual">Hyper-textual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20education" title=" religious education"> religious education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20text" title=" learning text"> learning text</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60101/the-challenges-of-hyper-textual-learning-approach-for-religious-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Removal of Samarium in Environmental Water Samples by Modified Yeast Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mehdi%20Seyed%20Nejad"> Seyed Mehdi Seyed Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel bio-adsorbent is fabricated by attaching a cibacron blue to yeast cells. The modified bio-sorbent has been characterized by some techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (CHN) and applied for the preconcentration and determination of samarium from aqueous water samples. The best pH value for adsorption of the brilliant crecyle blue by yeast cells- cibacron blue was 7. The sorption capacity of modified biosorbent was 18.5 mg. g⁻¹. A recovery of 95.3% was obtained for Sm(III) when eluted with 0.5 M nitric acid. The method was applied for Sm(III) preconcentration and determination in river water sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=samarium" title="samarium">samarium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20phase%20extraction" title=" solid phase extraction"> solid phase extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast%20cells" title=" yeast cells"> yeast cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sample" title=" water sample"> water sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title=" removal"> removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76122/removal-of-samarium-in-environmental-water-samples-by-modified-yeast-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Retrofitting of Bridge Piers against the Scour Damages: Case Study of the Marand-Soofian Route Bridge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shatirah%20Akib">Shatirah Akib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Basser"> Hossein Basser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hojat%20Karami"> Hojat Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Jahangirzadeh"> Afshin Jahangirzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bridge piers which are constructed in the track of high water rivers cause some variations in the flow patterns. This variation mostly is a result of the changes in river sections. Decreasing the river section, bridge piers significantly impress the flow patterns. Once the flow approaches the piers, the stream lines change their order, causing the appearance of different flow patterns around the bridge piers. New flow patterns are created following the geometry and the other technical characteristics of the piers. One of the most significant consequences of this event is the scour generated around the bridge piers which threatens the safety of the structure. In order to determine the properties of scour holes, to find maximum depth of the scour is an important factor. In this manuscript a numerical simulation of the scour around Marand-Soofian route bridge piers has been carried out via SSIIM 2.0 Software and the amount of maximum scour has been achieved subsequently. Eventually the methods for retrofitting of bridge piers against scours and also the methods for decreasing the amount of scour have been offered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scour" title="scour">scour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge%20pier" title=" bridge pier"> bridge pier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSIIM%202.0" title=" SSIIM 2.0"> SSIIM 2.0</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4847/retrofitting-of-bridge-piers-against-the-scour-damages-case-study-of-the-marand-soofian-route-bridge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Removal of Brilliant Green in Environmental Samples by Poly Ethylene Terephthalate Granule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nika%20Shakerin"> Nika Shakerin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farahnaz%20Zolriasatain"> Farahnaz Zolriasatain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, poly-ethylene terephthalate granule was prepared from Tak Corporation. The granule was characterized by fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Then the effects of various parameters on brilliant green sorption such as pH, contact time were studied. The optimum pH value for sorption of brilliant green was 6. The sorption capacity of the granule for brilliant green was 4.6 mg g−1. The profile of brilliant green uptake on this sorbent reflects a good accessibility of the chelating sites in the poly-ethylene terephthalate granule. The developed method was utilized for the determination of brilliant green in environmental water samples by UV/Vis spectrophotometry with satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly-ethylene%20terephthalate%20granule" title="poly-ethylene terephthalate granule">poly-ethylene terephthalate granule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brilliant%20green" title=" brilliant green"> brilliant green</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sample" title=" environmental sample"> environmental sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title=" removal"> removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1520/removal-of-brilliant-green-in-environmental-samples-by-poly-ethylene-terephthalate-granule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Magnetic Field Generation in Inhomogeneous Plasma via Ponderomotive Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Shahi">Fatemeh Shahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Sharifian"> Mehdi Sharifian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laia%20Shahrassai"> Laia Shahrassai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Eskandari%20A."> Elham Eskandari A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new mechanism is reported here for magnetic field generation in laser-plasma interaction by means of nonlinear ponderomotive force. The plasma considered here is unmagnetized inhomogeneous plasma with an exponentially decreasing profile. A damped periodic magnetic field with a relatively lower frequency is obtained using the ponderomotive force exerted on plasma electrons. Finally, with an electric field and by using Faraday’s law, the magnetic field profile in the plasma has been obtained. Because of the negative exponential density profile, the generated magnetic field is relatively slowly oscillating and damped through the plasma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field%20generation" title="magnetic field generation">magnetic field generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser-plasma%20interaction" title=" laser-plasma interaction"> laser-plasma interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ponderomotive%20force" title=" ponderomotive force"> ponderomotive force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhomogeneous%20plasma" title=" inhomogeneous plasma"> inhomogeneous plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134152/magnetic-field-generation-in-inhomogeneous-plasma-via-ponderomotive-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> The Effects of Watching Text-Relevant Video Segments with/without Subtitles on Vocabulary Development of Arabic as a Foreign Language Learners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirreza%20Karami">Amirreza Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hawraa%20Nafea%20Hameed%20Alzouwain"> Hawraa Nafea Hameed Alzouwain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freddie%20A.%20Bowles"> Freddie A. Bowles</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the effects of watching text-relevant video segments with/without subtitles on vocabulary development of Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL) learners. The participants of the study were assigned to two groups: one control group and one experimental group. The control group received no video-based instruction while the experimental group watched a text-relevant video segment in three stages: pre, while, and post-instruction. The preliminary results of the pre-test and post-test show that watching text-relevant video segments through following a pre-while-post procedure can help the vocabulary development of AFL learners more than non-video-based instruction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text-relevant%20video%20segments" title="text-relevant video segments">text-relevant video segments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocabulary%20development" title=" vocabulary development"> vocabulary development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20as%20a%20Foreign%20Language" title=" Arabic as a Foreign Language"> Arabic as a Foreign Language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AFL" title=" AFL"> AFL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-while-post%20instruction" title=" pre-while-post instruction"> pre-while-post instruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126505/the-effects-of-watching-text-relevant-video-segments-withwithout-subtitles-on-vocabulary-development-of-arabic-as-a-foreign-language-learners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Chemical Modification of Biosorbent for Prconcentation of Cadmium in Water Sample</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niusha%20Mohseni%20Darabi"> Niusha Mohseni Darabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new biosorbent is prepared by coupling a cibacron blue to yeast cells. The modified yeast cells with cibacron blue has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis and applied for the preconcentration and solid phase extraction of trace cadmium ion from water samples. The optimum pH value for sorption of the cadmium ions by yeast cells- cibacron blue was 5.5. The sorption capacity of modified biosorbent was 45 mg. g−1. A recovery of 98.2% was obtained for Cd(II) when eluted with 0.5 M nitric acid. The method was applied for Cd(II) preconcentration and determination in sea water sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20phase%20extraction" title="solid phase extraction">solid phase extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast%20cells" title=" yeast cells"> yeast cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nickl" title=" Nickl"> Nickl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherm%20study" title=" isotherm study"> isotherm study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52871/chemical-modification-of-biosorbent-for-prconcentation-of-cadmium-in-water-sample" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Effect of National Sovereignty of Non-Citizens Human Rights Standards: Mediterranean Irregular Immigrants Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azin%20Karami">Azin Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahareh%20Heydari"> Bahareh Heydari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a difference between national sovereignty ( national security guarantee) and human rights standards (human security guarantee). Under the pretext of providing security for the majority, Governments violate human rights standards and lead to populism. This paper illustrates despite the human rights standards of non-citizens, they mostly confront different practical and social realities. (a large gap between the reality and the truth). This paper has focused on one of vulnerable irregular non-citizens immigrants from Mediterranean . In addition, it has considered challenges of the basic and primary human rights standards of this group. It shows how government policies affect the flow of irregular immigration. This paper is based upon UN data about Mediterranean immigrants and polls answered by 68 people who intended to migrate from Mediterranean (28 female and 40 male people, the average age of 30 to 40). The model is supposed to be a convenient one to present objective, real evidence of irregular immigrants and discusses the challenges that this group of immigrants confront them .This paper shows clear concept of immigrants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title="human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20security" title=" human security"> human security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20sovereignty" title=" national sovereignty"> national sovereignty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20immigrants" title=" irregular immigrants"> irregular immigrants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92687/effect-of-national-sovereignty-of-non-citizens-human-rights-standards-mediterranean-irregular-immigrants-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Vertical Distribution of Heavy Metals and Enrichment in Core Marine Sediments of East Malaysia by INAA and ICP-MS </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmadreza%20Ashraf">Ahmadreza Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Saion"> Elias Saion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Gharib%20Shahi"> Elham Gharib Shahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Kong%20Yap"> Chee Kong Yap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Suhaimi%20Hamzah"> Mohd Suhaimi Hamzah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fifty-five core marine sediments from three locations at South China Sea and one location each at Sulu Sea and Sulawesi Sea of coastal East Malaysia was analyzed for heavy metals using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy. The enrichment factor of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn varied from 0.42 to 4.26, 0.50 to 2.34, 0.31 to 0.82, 0.20 to 0.61, 0.91 to 1.92, 0.23 to 1.52, and 0.90 to 1.28 respectively, with the modified degree of contamination values below 0.6. Comparative data show that coastal East Malaysia is of low levels of contamination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20East%20Malaysia" title="coastal East Malaysia">coastal East Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20marine%20sediments" title=" core marine sediments"> core marine sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enrichment%20factor" title=" enrichment factor"> enrichment factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=INAA%20and%20ICP%20method" title=" INAA and ICP method"> INAA and ICP method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20degree%20of%20contamination" title=" modified degree of contamination"> modified degree of contamination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44263/vertical-distribution-of-heavy-metals-and-enrichment-in-core-marine-sediments-of-east-malaysia-by-inaa-and-icp-ms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Karami&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Karami&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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