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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Due_diligence" title="Due diligence">Due diligence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Competence_(law)" title="Competence (law)">Competence (law)</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Avoid <a href="/wiki/Commingling" title="Commingling">commingling</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Avoid <a class="mw-selflink selflink">self-dealing</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ineffective_assistance_of_counsel" title="Ineffective assistance of counsel">Effective assistance</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Avoid <a href="/wiki/Fee_splitting" title="Fee splitting">fee splitting</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_representation" title="Withdrawal from representation">Withdrawal from representation</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Duties to the court</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li>Disclosure of <a href="/wiki/Perjury" title="Perjury">perjury</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Disclosure of <a href="/wiki/Adverse_authority" title="Adverse authority">adverse authority</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Duties to the profession</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li>Limitations on <a href="/wiki/Legal_advertising" title="Legal advertising">legal advertising</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duty_to_report_misconduct" title="Duty to report misconduct">Report misconduct</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Sources of law</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Bar_Association_Model_Rules_of_Professional_Conduct" title="American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct">ABA Model Rules</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Penalties for misconduct</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disbarment" title="Disbarment">Disbarment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_misconduct" title="Judicial misconduct">Judicial misconduct</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Professional_responsibility" title="Template:Professional responsibility"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Professional_responsibility" title="Template talk:Professional responsibility"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Professional_responsibility" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Professional responsibility"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Self-dealing</b> is the conduct of a <a href="/wiki/Trustee" title="Trustee">trustee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">attorney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corporate_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate officer">corporate officer</a>, or other <a href="/wiki/Fiduciary" title="Fiduciary">fiduciary</a> that consists of taking advantage of their position in a transaction and acting in their own interests rather than in the interests of the beneficiaries of the <a href="/wiki/Trust_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust law">trust</a>, corporate <a href="/wiki/Shareholder" title="Shareholder">shareholders</a>, or their clients. According to the political scientist Andrew Stark, "[i]n self-dealing, an officeholder's official role allows her to affect one or more of her own personal interests." It is a form of <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">conflict of interest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Self-dealing may involve <a href="/wiki/Misappropriation" title="Misappropriation">misappropriation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Usurpation" class="mw-redirect" title="Usurpation">usurpation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">corporate assets</a> or <a href="/wiki/Corporate_opportunity" title="Corporate opportunity">opportunities</a>. Political scientists Ken Kernaghan and John Langford define self-dealing as "a situation where one takes an action in an official capacity which involves dealing with oneself in a private capacity and which confers a benefit on oneself."<sup id="cite_ref-kernaghan_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kernaghan-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples include "work[ing] for government and us[ing] your official position to secure a contract for a private consulting company you own" or "using your government position to get a summer job for your daughter."<sup id="cite_ref-mcdonald_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcdonald-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Where a <a href="/wiki/Fiduciary" title="Fiduciary">fiduciary</a> has engaged in self-dealing, this constitutes a breach of the fiduciary relationship. The principal of that fiduciary (the person to whom duties are owed) may sue and both recover the principal's lost profits and <a href="/wiki/Disgorgement_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Disgorgement (law)">disgorge</a> the fiduciary's wrongful profits. </p><p>In the United States, repeated self-dealing by a private foundation can result in the involuntary termination of its tax-exempt status.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Self-dealing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emoluments_Clause_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Emoluments Clause (disambiguation)">Emoluments clause</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Self-dealing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStark2003" class="citation book cs1">Stark, Andrew (2003). <i>Conflict of Interest in American Public Life</i>. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press. p. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conflict+of+Interest+in+American+Public+Life&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA+and+London&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Stark&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelf-dealing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kernaghan-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kernaghan_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKernaghanLangford1990" class="citation book cs1">Kernaghan, Ken; Langford, John (July 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/responsiblepubli0000unse/page/142"><i>The Responsible Public Servant</i></a>. Institute for Research on Public Policy. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/responsiblepubli0000unse/page/142">142</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0886450991" title="Special:BookSources/978-0886450991"><bdi>978-0886450991</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Responsible+Public+Servant&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Institute+for+Research+on+Public+Policy&rft.date=1990-07&rft.isbn=978-0886450991&rft.aulast=Kernaghan&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.au=Langford%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fresponsiblepubli0000unse%2Fpage%2F142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelf-dealing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcdonald-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mcdonald_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald2003" class="citation web cs1">McDonald, Michael (2003-06-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030809133328/http://www.ethics.ubc.ca/people/mcdonald/conflict.htm">"Ethics and Conflicts of Interest"</a>. <i>ubc.ca</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethics.ubc.ca/people/mcdonald/conflict.htm">the original</a> on 2003-08-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ubc.ca&rft.atitle=Ethics+and+Conflicts+of+Interest&rft.date=2003-06-19&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethics.ubc.ca%2Fpeople%2Fmcdonald%2Fconflict.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelf-dealing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fremont-Smith, Marion (2009). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ndjyoR5Twx8C&pg=PA271">Governing Nonprofit Organizations: Federal and State Law and Regulation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230203055440/https://books.google.com/books?id=ndjyoR5Twx8C&pg=PA271">Archived</a> 2023-02-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Harvard University Press. p. 271.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Conflict_of_interest" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conflict_of_interest" title="Template:Conflict of interest"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conflict_of_interest" title="Template talk:Conflict of interest"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conflict_of_interest" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conflict of interest"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conflict_of_interest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">Conflict of interest</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_wall" title="Chinese wall">Chinese wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest_in_the_healthcare_industry" title="Conflict of interest in the healthcare industry">Conflict of interest in the healthcare industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia">Conflicts of interest on Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funding_bias" title="Funding bias">Funding bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insider_trading" title="Insider trading">Insider trading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_disqualification" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial disqualification">Judicial disqualification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepotism" title="Nepotism">Nepotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulatory_capture" title="Regulatory capture">Regulatory capture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Self-dealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_self-regulation" title="Industry self-regulation">Self-regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capture" title="State capture">State capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shill" title="Shill">Shill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AllTrials" title="AllTrials">AllTrials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm%27s_length_principle" title="Arm's length principle">Arm's length principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bias" title="Bias">Bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_ethics" title="Business ethics">Business ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochrane_(organisation)" title="Cochrane (organisation)">Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">Corruption</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cui_bono" class="mw-redirect" title="Cui bono">Cui bono</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follow_the_money" title="Follow the money">Follow the money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_ethics" title="Legal ethics">Legal ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobbying" title="Lobbying">Lobbying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_ethics" title="Medical ethics">Medical ethics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medical_ethics_cases" title="List of medical ethics cases">cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_ghostwriter" title="Medical ghostwriter">Medical ghostwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_hazard" title="Moral hazard">Moral hazard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_marketing" title="Pharmaceutical marketing">Pharmaceutical marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_sales_representative" title="Pharmaceutical sales representative">Pharmaceutical sales representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacovigilance" title="Pharmacovigilance">Pharmacovigilance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ethics" title="Political ethics">Political ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_bias" title="Political bias">Political bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolving_door_(politics)" title="Revolving door (politics)">Revolving door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_medical_education#sponsorship" title="Continuing medical education">Sponsorship of continuing medical education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nemo_iudex_in_causa_sua" title="Nemo iudex in causa sua">Nemo iudex in causa sua</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Bow_Street_Metropolitan_Stipendiary_Magistrate,_ex_parte_Pinochet" title="R v Bow Street Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, ex parte Pinochet">R v Bow Street Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, ex parte Pinochet (No 2)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Neil" title="R v Neil">R v Neil</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Sussex_Justices,_ex_parte_McCarthy" title="R v Sussex Justices, ex parte McCarthy">R v Sussex Justices, ex parte McCarthy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td 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