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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-1971_expulsion_from_the_UN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_assistance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_assistance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Development assistance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_assistance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Think_tanks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Think_tanks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Think tanks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Think_tanks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Policies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Policies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Policies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Economics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UN_specialised_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UN_specialised_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 UN specialised agencies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UN_specialised_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_isolation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_isolation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 International isolation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_isolation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_disputes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_disputes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 International disputes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_disputes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Types of relations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Types of relations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Full_diplomatic_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_diplomatic_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Full diplomatic relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_diplomatic_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-diplomatic_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-diplomatic_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Non-diplomatic representation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-diplomatic_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 No representation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_neither_the_ROC_nor_the_PRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_neither_the_ROC_nor_the_PRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Relations with neither the ROC nor the PRC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_neither_the_ROC_nor_the_PRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_switched_from_the_ROC_to_the_PRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_switched_from_the_ROC_to_the_PRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Relations switched from the ROC to the PRC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_switched_from_the_ROC_to_the_PRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-States_that_have_never_had_diplomatic_relations_with_the_ROC_but_have_relations_with_the_PRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_have_never_had_diplomatic_relations_with_the_ROC_but_have_relations_with_the_PRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 States that have never had diplomatic relations with the ROC but have relations with the PRC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_have_never_had_diplomatic_relations_with_the_ROC_but_have_relations_with_the_PRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bribery_allegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bribery_allegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Bribery allegations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bribery_allegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 History </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bilateral_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bilateral_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Bilateral relations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bilateral_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Bilateral relations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Bilateral_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cross-Strait_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cross-Strait_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Cross-Strait relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cross-Strait_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eswatini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eswatini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Eswatini </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eswatini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gambia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gambia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 Gambia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gambia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arab_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arab_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Arab world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arab_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.1 Bangladesh </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.2 India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.3 Iran </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.4 Israel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.5 Japan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.6 Korea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.7 Malaysia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongolia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongolia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.8 Mongolia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongolia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.9 Philippines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.10 Singapore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.11 Vietnam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.1 Belgium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czechia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czechia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.2 Czechia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czechia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.3 Denmark </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.4 European Union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.5 Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holy_See_(Vatican_City)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holy_See_(Vatican_City)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.6 Holy See (Vatican City) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holy_See_(Vatican_City)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.7 Italy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latvia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.8 Latvia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.9 Lithuania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.10 Netherlands </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.11 North Macedonia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.12 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.13 Slovakia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.14 United Kingdom </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 North America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dominican_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dominican_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.1 Dominican Republic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dominican_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-El_Salvador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_Salvador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.2 El Salvador </div> </a> <ul id="toc-El_Salvador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guatemala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guatemala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.3 Guatemala </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guatemala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.4 Haiti </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honduras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honduras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.5 Honduras </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honduras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.6 Panama </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6.7 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 Oceania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.1 History </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.2 Australia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.3 Fiji </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kiribati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiribati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.4 Kiribati </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiribati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marshall_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marshall_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.5 Marshall Islands </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marshall_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micronesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micronesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.6 Micronesia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micronesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nauru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nauru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.7 Nauru </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nauru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.8 New Zealand </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Palau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.9 Palau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papua_New_Guinea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.10 Papua New Guinea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solomon_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solomon_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.11 Solomon Islands </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solomon_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tuvalu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tuvalu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.12 Tuvalu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tuvalu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanuatu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanuatu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7.13 Vanuatu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanuatu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8 South America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paraguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8.1 Paraguay </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8.2 Venezuela </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overseas_representation_in_Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overseas_representation_in_Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Overseas representation in Taiwan </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overseas_representation_in_Taiwan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Overseas representation in Taiwan subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Overseas_representation_in_Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Embassies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Embassies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Embassies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Embassies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3 North America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.4 Oceania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.5 South America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Offices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.1 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.2 Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.3 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.4 North America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.5 Oceania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.6 South America </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multilateral_organization_in_Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multilateral_organization_in_Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Multilateral organization in Taiwan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multilateral_organization_in_Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Free_trade_agreements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Free_trade_agreements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Free trade agreements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Free_trade_agreements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 International organizations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_organizations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle International organizations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-International_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use_of_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Use of name </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_agreements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_agreements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 International agreements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_agreements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Territorial_disputes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territorial_disputes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Territorial disputes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territorial_disputes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialized_diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialized_diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Specialized diplomacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specialized_diplomacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Specialized diplomacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Specialized_diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culinary_diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Culinary diplomacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary_diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Medical diplomacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical_diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Epidemic_prevention_diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidemic_prevention_diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2.1 Epidemic prevention diplomacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epidemic_prevention_diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport_and_communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport_and_communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Transport and communications </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport_and_communications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transport and communications subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transport_and_communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Air links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telecommunications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telecommunications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Telecommunications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telecommunications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Foreign relations of Taiwan</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" > 18 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="علاقات تايوان الخارجية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علاقات تايوان الخارجية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Знешняя палітыка Кітайскай Рэспублікі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Знешняя палітыка Кітайскай Рэспублікі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiina_Vabariigi_v%C3%A4lispoliitika" title="Hiina Vabariigi välispoliitika – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hiina Vabariigi välispoliitika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaciones_internacionales_de_la_Rep%C3%BAblica_de_China" title="Relaciones internacionales de la República de China – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Relaciones internacionales de la República de China" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politique_%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re_de_Ta%C3%AFwan" title="Politique étrangère de Taïwan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Politique étrangère de Taïwan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%EC%99%B8_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84" title="중화민국의 대외 관계 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중화민국의 대외 관계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="ताइवान के वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ताइवान के वैदेशिक सम्बन्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Taiwan" title="Hubungan luar negeri Taiwan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hubungan luar negeri Taiwan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ტაივანის საგარეო ურთიერთობები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტაივანის საგარეო ურთიერთობები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82" title="中華民国の国際関係 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中華民国の国際関係" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_exteriores_de_Taiwan" title="Relações exteriores de Taiwan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relações exteriores de Taiwan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Внешняя политика Китайской Республики – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Внешняя политика Китайской Республики" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างประเทศของไต้หวัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างประเทศของไต้หวัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Міжнародні відносини Республіки Китай – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міжнародні відносини Республіки Китай" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تائیوان کے خارجہ تعلقات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تائیوان کے خارجہ تعلقات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%87_ngo%E1%BA%A1i_giao_c%E1%BB%A7a_%C4%90%C3%A0i_Loan" title="Quan hệ ngoại giao của Đài Loan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan hệ ngoại giao của Đài Loan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of the foreign relations of the Republic of China (Taiwan)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about foreign relations of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a>. For foreign relations of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">foreign relations of China</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Two_Chinas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Two_Chinas.svg/250px-Two_Chinas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Two_Chinas.svg/375px-Two_Chinas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Two_Chinas.svg/500px-Two_Chinas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Diplomatic relations between world states and the ROC <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> (ROC, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Area" title="Taiwan Area">Taiwan Area</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> (PRC, <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries that have formal relations with the PRC only, having no relations at all with the ROC</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries that have formal relations with the PRC only, but have informal relations or mutual <a href="/wiki/De_facto_embassy" title="De facto embassy">de facto embassies</a> with the ROC's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries that have formal relations with the ROC only, having no formal relations with the PRC</div> </figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/173px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/230px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles of the Constitution</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Taiwan" title="Taxation in Taiwan">Taxation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Presidency</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/30px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/45px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/60px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="237" /></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic of China</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President of the Republic of China</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Hsiao_Bi-khim" title="Hsiao Bi-khim">Hsiao Bi-khim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_(Taiwan)" title="Office of the President (Taiwan)">Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Taiwan)" title="National Security Council (Taiwan)">National Security Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive Yuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Cho_Jung-tai" title="Cho Jung-tai">Cho Jung-tai</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice Premier of the Republic of China">Vice Premier</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Cheng_Li-chun" title="Cheng Li-chun">Cheng Li-chun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>)</div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/80px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/120px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/160px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/11th_Legislative_Yuan" title="11th Legislative Yuan">11th Legislative Yuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Legislative_Yuan" title="President of the Legislative Yuan">President of the Legislative Yuan</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Han_Kuo-yu" title="Han Kuo-yu">Han Kuo-yu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Legislative_Yuan" title="Vice President of the Legislative Yuan">Vice President of the Legislative Yuan</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Chiang" title="Johnny Chiang">Johnny Chiang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a>)</div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Judicial_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Judicial Yuan">President of the Judicial Yuan and Chief Justice</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Shieh_Ming-yan" title="Shieh Ming-yan">Shieh Ming-yan</a> acting <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Judicial_Yuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of vice presidents of the Judicial Yuan (page does not exist)">Vice President of the Judicial Yuan</a> </li></ul> Vacant <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of the Republic of China">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court (Taiwan)">High Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Courts_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="District Courts (Taiwan)">District Courts</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China#Organizational_structure" title="Government of the Republic of China">Other branches</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Examination_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Examination Yuan">President of the Examination Yuan</a> </li></ul> Vacant <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Examination_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Examination Yuan">Vice President of the Examination Yuan</a> </li></ul> Vacant <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Control_Yuan" title="Control Yuan">Control Yuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Control Yuan">President of the Control Yuan</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President of the Control Yuan</a> </li></ul> Lee Hung-chun <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Local government</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_magistrates_and_mayors_in_Taiwan" title="List of magistrates and mayors in Taiwan">Mayors and Magistrates</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Taiwan" title="Elections in Taiwan">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/30px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/45px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/60px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="211" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Taiwan)" title="Central Election Commission (Taiwan)">Central Election Commission</a> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Taiwan" title="Presidential elections in Taiwan">Presidential elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_elections_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative elections in Taiwan">Legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_elections_in_Taiwan" title="Local elections in Taiwan">Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_Taiwan" title="Referendums in Taiwan">Referendums</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Taiwan" title="List of political parties in Taiwan">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">Represented in the Legislative Yuan <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_People%27s_Party" title="Taiwan People's Party">Taiwan People's Party</a> <hr /> Others <a href="/wiki/New_Power_Party" title="New Power Party">New Power Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Statebuilding_Party" title="Taiwan Statebuilding Party">Taiwan Statebuilding Party</a> <a href="/wiki/People_First_Party_(Taiwan)" title="People First Party (Taiwan)">People First Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Solidarity_Union" title="Taiwan Solidarity Union">Taiwan Solidarity Union</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Party_(Taiwan)" title="New Party (Taiwan)">New Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Non-Partisan_Solidarity_Union" title="Non-Partisan Solidarity Union">Non-Partisan Solidarity Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Taiwan" title="Green Party Taiwan">Green Party Taiwan</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Taiwan" title="Mass media in Taiwan">Mass media</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Taiwan" title="Television in Taiwan">Television</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Taiwan" title="List of newspapers in Taiwan">Newspapers</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Daily_News" title="United Daily News">United Daily News</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Times" title="Liberty Times">Liberty Times</a> <a href="/wiki/China_Times" title="China Times">China Times</a> <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_the_Republic_of_China" title="Propaganda in the Republic of China">Propaganda</a> <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Censorship</a> <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Taiwan#Film_censorship" title="Cinema of Taiwan">Film censorship</a> <a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Taiwan)" title="White Terror (Taiwan)">White Terror</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Republic_of_China)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Republic of China)">Foreign Minister</a> </li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Lin_Chia-lung" title="Lin Chia-lung">Lin Chia-lung</a> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Special_state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special state-to-state relations">Special state-to-state relations</a> <a href="/wiki/One_Country_on_Each_Side" title="One Country on Each Side">One Country on Each Side</a> <a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_consensus" title="Taiwan consensus">Taiwan consensus</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Australia–Taiwan relations">Australia–Taiwan relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Canada–Taiwan relations">Canada–Taiwan relations</a> <a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="France–Taiwan relations">France–Taiwan relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Russia–Taiwan relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Taiwan–United Kingdom relations">Taiwan–United Kingdom relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">Taiwan–United States relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_World_Health_Organization" title="Taiwan and the World Health Organization">Taiwan and the World Health Organization</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China (1912–1949)</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> <a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">One-China policy</a> <a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese nationalism</a> <a href="/wiki/Tangwai_movement" title="Tangwai movement">Tangwai movement</a> <a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Third Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Taiwan" title="Portal:Taiwan">Taiwan portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Template:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Template talk:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Foreign relations of the Republic of China (ROC), more commonly known as <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, are accomplished by efforts of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">cabinet-level ministry</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government of the Republic of China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-MOFA-2">[2]</a> As of January 2024,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit">[update]</a> the ROC has formal diplomatic relations with 11 of the 193 <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">United Nations member states</a> and with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>, which governs the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City State</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> In addition to these relations, the ROC also maintains unofficial relations<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> with 59 UN member states, one <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">self-declared state</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a>), three territories (<a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> via its <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office">representative offices and consulates</a>. In 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government of the Republic of China</a> had the 33rd largest diplomatic network in the world with 110 offices.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Historically, the ROC has required its diplomatic allies to recognize it as the sole legitimate government of "China", competing for exclusive use of the name "China" with the PRC. During the early 1970s, the ROC was replaced by the PRC as the recognised government of "China" in the UN following <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758">Resolution 2758</a>, which also led to the ROC's loss of its key position as a <a href="/wiki/Permanent_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council">permanent member</a> on the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> (UNSC) to the PRC in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-expell_details_un-6">[6]</a> As international recognition of the ROC continues to dwindle concurrently with the PRC rise as a <a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">great power</a>, its policy has changed into a more realistic position of actively seeking dual recognition with the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Today, many international organizations that the ROC participates in use alternative names, including "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a>" at <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC), among others.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_context">Historical context</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical context">edit</a>]</div> The ROC government participated in the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Conference_(1943)" title="Moscow Conference (1943)">1943 Moscow Conference</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks_Conference" title="Dumbarton Oaks Conference">Dumbarton Oaks Conference</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_International_Organization" title="United Nations Conference on International Organization">United Nations Conference on International Organization</a> and was a charter member of the United Nations after participating in the alliance that won <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. In 1949, the Nationalists lost the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> in mainland China and retreated to Taiwan, <a href="/wiki/Penghu" title="Penghu">Penghu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinmen" title="Kinmen">Kinmen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Matsu_Islands" title="Matsu Islands">Matsu</a>, forming a <a href="/wiki/Rump_state" title="Rump state">rump state</a>. Despite the major loss of territory, the ROC continued to be recognized as the legitimate government of China by the UN and by many non-Communist states.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">American foreign policy 1950–1971</a> called for full recognition and support of the government of China in Taiwan. As the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> (1950–1953) broke out, Taiwan was not allowed to send military support to South Korea. However, the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Presidency of Harry S. Truman">Truman Administration</a> resumed economic and military aid to the ROC on Taiwan and neutralized the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Strait" title="Taiwan Strait">Taiwan Strait</a> by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Seventh_Fleet" title="United States Seventh Fleet">United States Seventh Fleet</a> to stop a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) invasion and a potential ROC counter-invasion of the mainland.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In December 1954 a US-Taiwan military alliance was signed as part of the American Cold War strategy in the Far East, in the determination not to allow <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>'s forces on Taiwan to attack China[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>], thereby setting off another even larger war between the United States and China.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The American military presence in Taiwan consisted of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Assistance_Advisory_Group#MAAG,_Republic_of_China" title="Military Assistance Advisory Group">Military Assistance Advisory Group</a> (MAAG) and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Taiwan_Defense_Command" title="United States Taiwan Defense Command">United States Taiwan Defense Command</a> (USTDC). Other notable units included the <a href="/wiki/327th_Air_Division" title="327th Air Division">327th Air Division</a>. Until the US formally recognized the People's Republic of China in 1979, Washington provided the ROC with financial grants based on the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Assistance_Act" title="Foreign Assistance Act">Foreign Assistance Act</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Security_Act" title="Mutual Security Act">Mutual Security Act</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Agency_for_International_Development" title="United States Agency for International Development">Act for International Development</a> enacted by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">US Congress</a>. A separate <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Defense_Treaty_between_the_United_States_and_the_Republic_of_China" title="Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of China">Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty</a> was signed between the two governments of US and ROC in 1954 and lasted until 1979.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The US State Department's official position in 1959 was: <dl><dd>That the provisional capital of the Republic of China has been at Taipei, Taiwan (Formosa) since December 1949; that the Government of the Republic of China exercises authority over the island; that the sovereignty of Formosa has not been transferred to China; and that Formosa is not a part of China as a country, at least not as yet, and not until and unless appropriate <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a> are hereafter entered into. Formosa may be said to be a territory or an area occupied and administered by the Government of the Republic of China, but is not officially recognized as being a part of the Republic of China.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></dd></dl> In the past decades, the US had maintained a position to not support Taiwanese independence, and instead to have a One China policy that's guided by the Taiwan Relations Act, the three U.S.-China Joint Communiques, and the Six Assurances, and to expect cross-Strait differences to be handled peacefully, and oppose any unilateral changes to the status quo from either side.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1971_expulsion_from_the_UN">1971 expulsion from the UN</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1971 expulsion from the UN">edit</a>]</div> In 1971, the UN expelled the ROC and transferred China's seat to the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> (PRC).<a href="#cite_note-expell_details_un-6">[6]</a> In addition to the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ad_tempus" class="extiw" title="wikt:ad tempus">ad tempus</a> recognition of the ROC by a majority of countries before <a href="/wiki/UN_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Resolution 2758">UN Resolution 2758</a>, the ROC lost its membership in all <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental organization">intergovernmental organisations</a> related to the UN. As the UN and related organizations like the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> are the most common venues for effective execution of international law and serve as the international community for sovereign states, a majority of the countries aligned with the West in the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> terminated diplomatic relations with the ROC and opened diplomatic relations with the PRC. The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a>'s Articles 23 and 110, in its <a href="/wiki/Chapter_II_of_the_United_Nations_Charter" title="Chapter II of the United Nations Charter">Chapter II</a>, explicitly refer to the ROC, but the seat of "China" is currently occupied by the PRC. The ROC continues to maintain substantial relations,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> including with most of the <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organization" title="Non-governmental organization">non-governmental organisations</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> at the United Nations, in addition with the concern from <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_Diplomatic_Relations" title="Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations">Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations</a> was signed and ratified by the ROC on 18 April 1961 and 19 December 1969,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> including Optional Protocol concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> It is entitled by the founding of the United Nations as the cornerstone of modern-day diplomacy since the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Vienna Congress">Vienna Congress</a>, Article 35 of 1969 <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_the_Law_of_Treaties" title="Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties">Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties</a> also applies to the ROC since 1971.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Due to the ROC's insecurity and intolerance in the 1970s and 1980s after it was expelled by the UN as well as American influence,<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> the ROC gradually democratized and adopted <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a>, ending under the one-party leadership of President <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Ching-kuo" title="Chiang Ching-kuo">Chiang Ching-kuo</a> by lifting 38 years of <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> on the Communist rebellion on mainland China and establishing the new self-identity of Republic of China (system) on Taiwan in the international community, enacting <a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">Two Chinas</a> states in the world. UN Resolution 2758 is non-binding on the international law regarding the international status of the Republic of China on Taiwan, and the ROC continues to seek opportunities to join UN <a href="/wiki/Specialized_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialized agencies">Specialized agencies</a> to become a Permanent Observer<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> under the auspices of UN Resolution 396,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> which duly recommended the questions of debate on Chinese representation in the United Nations. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Elections">edit</a>]</div> The first direct presidential election was held <a href="/wiki/1996_Republic_of_China_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Republic of China presidential election">in 1996</a>, and the incumbent President <a href="/wiki/Lee_Teng-hui" title="Lee Teng-hui">Lee Teng-hui</a> was elected.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> As of 4 May 2015, ROC nationals are eligible for preferential visa treatment from 142 countries and areas.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In the context of superpower and influential diplomacy, the ROC's traditional and stable allies include United States of America, Canada, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The ROC's <a href="/wiki/Cultural_diplomacy" title="Cultural diplomacy">cultural diplomacy</a> includes the establishment of the Taiwan Resource Center for Chinese Studies in 2012 in major universities around the world. In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Taiwanese_presidential_election" title="2024 Taiwanese presidential election">2024 Taiwanese presidential election</a>, Vice President <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a>, also known as William Lai, was elected as the new President of Taiwan, winning with 40.05% of the popular vote in Taiwan's most recent election that took place on January 13, 2024. Set to be sworn in on May 20, 2024, this election effectively underscores Taiwan's ongoing commitment to democratic governance amid escalating geopolitical tensions, particularly concerning its large neighbor, China. The election of President Lai, backed by his party, the Democratic Progressive Party, reflects a strong commitment to maintaining Taiwan's sovereignty and actively engaging in international diplomacy and regional security. This electoral outcome was characterized by a notably high voter turnout, demonstrating deep public engagement in the face of both external threats and internal debates about Taiwan's strategic future. Central to the election debates were issues such as the enhancement of economic independence, military upgrades, and the strengthening of international alliances. Lai's victory not only validates his policy platform but also signals Taiwan's determination to maintain an independent course of action amidst ongoing regional tensions. Under President Lai's administration, Taiwan is poised to enhance its international standing and forge stronger diplomatic relationships. Since taking office, Lai has pursued an expansion of Taiwan's strategic global partnerships, particularly with nations involved in the Indo-Pacific strategy, to counter China's regional influence. His efforts include advocating for new trade agreements and enhancing Taiwan's participation in international forums—areas where Taiwan has often faced marginalization due to diplomatic pressures from China.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The results of the 2024 election and the ensuing policies under President Lai's leadership are expected to significantly impact Taiwan's international relations and its role on the world stage. As Taiwan continues to assert its sovereignty and democratic values, the international community's response will be pivotal in shaping the political and economic future of the region. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_assistance">Development assistance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development assistance">edit</a>]</div> Since 1950 Taiwan has given high priority to international aid, making its representatives welcome even in states without formal diplomatic relations. The policies provide generous aid without strict accountability conditions, especially in developing nations in Africa, Latin America, and the South Pacific. Building a reputation as a responsible and generous donor has earned it prestige, especially in contrast to the role of foreign aid in China's policies, such as the <a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative" title="Belt and Road Initiative">Belt and Road Initiative</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>] The ROC is one of the main supporters of <a href="/wiki/Official_development_assistance" title="Official development assistance">official development assistance</a>,<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> with the International Cooperation and Development Fund managing ROC's Foreign Assistance and International Cooperation projects.<a href="#cite_note-icdf.org.tw-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-mofa.gov.tw-42">[42]</a> As of 2010, along with other US security allies including Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and South Korea in the Asia-Pacific region with <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Relations_Act" title="Taiwan Relations Act">Taiwan Relations Act</a>, officials of the ROC have gained quasi-official level visits to the United States both in the governmental and political level, including the Taiwanese–US cooperative military guidance<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> in the annual Han Kuang joint-force exercises.<a href="#cite_note-brookings.edu-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Think_tanks">Think tanks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Think tanks">edit</a>]</div> Taiwan's political system has evolved in terms of increasing political liberalization. By the 1990s, Taiwan had a democratic system with multiparty competition, factionalism, a vigorous civil society, and many interest groups. Think tanks emerged because of the high prestige of expertise and the heavy demand for unofficial diplomacy necessitated by the loss of formal diplomatic recognition. Think tanks have played a major role in planning and operationalizing relations with countries around the world.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> European universities, research centers, and think tanks have developed a new academic field of Taiwan studies, especially in Europe, because of the unique status of Taiwan in the world's diplomatic system. The scholars involved have a deep commitment to Taiwan studies and have developed a Europe-wide network of scholars.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policies">Policies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Policies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economics">Economics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economics">edit</a>]</div> The ROC's GDP was ahead of several <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a> economies before 2012.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UN_specialised_agencies">UN specialised agencies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: UN specialised agencies">edit</a>]</div> As a non-member state of the United Nations, by participating as members in one or more <a href="/wiki/UN_specialized_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="UN specialized agencies">United Nations Specialised Agencies</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> and operating in a parallel political system with the CCP<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> as in the case of Germany and Korea, the ROC may be granted a <a href="/wiki/Observer_status" title="Observer status">Permanent Observer status</a> in organisations such as the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Involvement and participation in the Asia Pacific Innovation Conference allows interaction with the Director of Economics and Statistics Division of <a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">WIPO</a>, who directly reports to the Director-General.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_isolation">International isolation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: International isolation">edit</a>]</div> Due to "the absence of a cross-strait understanding" (<a href="/wiki/1992_consensus" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 consensus">1992 consensus</a>),<a href="#cite_note-1992_consensus_implications-56">[56]</a> the ROC has encountered <a href="/wiki/International_isolation" title="International isolation">international isolation</a> due to political and economic pressure from the PRC since the 1970s, and it has continued under the pro-<a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence</a> administration of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-57">[57]</a> Taiwan is not allowed to attend <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Assembly" title="World Health Assembly">World Health Assembly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a>, or the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>' <a href="/wiki/Kimberley_Process_Certification_Scheme" title="Kimberley Process Certification Scheme">Kimberley Process Certification Scheme</a>. Other forms of international isolation include measures against the activities of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei_Olympic_Committee" title="Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee">Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horse_Film_Festival_and_Awards" title="Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards">Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards</a> (boycotted), and a ban on Taiwan journalists to acquire passes to United Nations and as well as <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">UNFCCC</a> meetings.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Analysts argue that PRC's coercive strategy might have proven counterproductive as it has further united US allies (including Australia and the UK) in their response which in turn makes it more challenging for Beijing to achieve its intended geostrategic objectives.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-57">[57]</a> The ROC's (multi-sector) <a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">civil society</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> currently participates in 11 projects of United Nations <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> ROC ranks 31st of 176 countries and territories in the 2016 <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perception_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Corruption Perception Index">Corruption Perception Index</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_disputes">International disputes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: International disputes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Voting_res_2758.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Voting_res_2758.svg/500px-Voting_res_2758.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Voting_res_2758.svg/750px-Voting_res_2758.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Voting_res_2758.svg/1000px-Voting_res_2758.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>The vote in the UN General Assembly on <a href="/wiki/Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="Resolution 2758">Resolution 2758</a> (1971) recognizing the People's Republic of China as "the only legitimate representative of China". Green = In favour, Red = Against, Blue = Abstention, Yellow = Non-voting, Grey = Non-UN-members or dependencies.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></figcaption></figure> In the 1970s many countries switched diplomatic recognition from the ROC to the PRC, including the United States, Japan and Canada. In October 1971, <a href="/wiki/Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="Resolution 2758">Resolution 2758</a> was passed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a>, expelling "the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek" and transferring China's seat on the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">Security Council</a> to the PRC. The resolution declared that "the representatives of the Government of the PRC are the only lawful representatives of China to the United Nations." However, the <a href="/wiki/Eo_ipso" class="mw-redirect" title="Eo ipso">eo ipso</a> nature of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Taiwan and weapons of mass destruction">Taiwan and weapons of mass destruction</a> remained a contentious issue.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] Many attempts by the ROC to rejoin the UN have not made it past the committee, due to PRC opposition and threats of veto. President <a href="/wiki/Chen_Shui-bian" title="Chen Shui-bian">Chen Shui-bian</a> argued that Resolution 2758, replacing the ROC with the PRC in 1971, addressed only the question of who should have China's seat in the UN rather than whether an additional seat for the <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan Area</a> could be created to represent the 23 million people residing in the Taiwanese mainland and <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Taiwan" title="List of islands of Taiwan">other islands</a>. Since the 1970s, the PRC and ROC have competed for diplomatic recognition from nations across the world, often by offering financial aid to poorer countries as an inducement.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> As a precondition for diplomatic relations, the PRC requires that the other country renounce any recognition of the ROC. Since the introduction of the "pragmatic diplomacy" (務實外交; Wùshí wàijiāo) policy in 1991, the ROC has not insisted on consideration as the sole representative of China, and does not require nations that recognise it to end their relations with the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-Zou-70">[70]</a> For example, when <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> chose to recognise the ROC in 2007, Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Bousquet" title="Rufus Bousquet">Rufus Bousquet</a> said the decision "should not be construed as a severance of our relationship with the PRC".<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> However, the PRC responds to foreign recognitions of the ROC by suspending relations with the other country.<a href="#cite_note-Zou-70">[70]</a> On less official terms, the ROC is involved in <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea_disputes" class="mw-redirect" title="South China Sea disputes">South China Sea disputes</a> over control of the <a href="/wiki/Spratly_Islands" title="Spratly Islands">Spratly Islands</a> with China, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>; and over the <a href="/wiki/Paracel_Islands" title="Paracel Islands">Paracel Islands</a>, occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and by the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The ROC government also claims the <a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands" title="Senkaku Islands">Senkaku Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> On October 14, 2024, China launched extensive military exercises near Taiwan in response to President Lai Ching-te's recent speech. Taiwan strongly criticized the move, and the U.S. raised concerns over rising tensions, with the drills marking part of China's broader pressure strategy.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_relations">Types of relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Types of relations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full_diplomatic_relations">Full diplomatic relations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Full diplomatic relations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG/500px-Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG" decoding="async" width="500" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG/750px-Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG/1000px-Misiones_Diplomaticas_de_Taiwan.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Republic of China <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Area" title="Taiwan Area">area of actual control</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries with Republic of China embassies</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries and regions with representative offices of the Republic of China</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Countries and regions with representative offices abolished</div> </figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a> maintains full diplomatic relations with 11 <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">member states of the United Nations</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>), which is a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_observers#Current_non-member_observers" title="United Nations General Assembly observers">United Nations General Assembly observer state</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG/220px-Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG/330px-Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG/440px-Taiwanese_Embassy_in_Mbabane.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)_in_the_Kingdom_of_Eswatini" title="Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Kingdom of Eswatini">ROC embassy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mbabane" title="Mbabane">Mbabane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>States with full diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (Taiwan) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">State</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_geoscheme" title="United Nations geoscheme">UN region</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_territories_by_the_United_Nations_geoscheme" title="List of countries and territories by the United Nations geoscheme">UN subregion</a> </th> <th scope="col">Relations established </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> </td> <td>1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a> </td> <td>1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> </td> <td>1933 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern Europe</a> </td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a> </td> <td>1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a> </td> <td>1999 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> </td> <td>1957 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>1984–1997, 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>1981 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a> </td> <td>1979 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg/220px-ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg/330px-ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg/440px-ROC_Holy_See_Embassy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Due to the limited size of Vatican City, all embassies accredited to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> are located in Rome, outside the borders of Vatican City. Hence, the ROC's embassy to the Holy See is located in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, a country that does not officially recognise, but still maintains close unofficial links with, the ROC.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg/190px-Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg" decoding="async" width="190" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg/285px-Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg/380px-Pope_johnpaul_funeral_politics.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1654" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Chen_Shui-bian" title="Chen Shui-bian">Chen Shui-bian</a> (far left) attended the <a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Funeral of Pope John Paul II">funeral of Pope John Paul II</a>, and as the Holy See's recognised head of state of China, was seated in the first row in alphabetical order beside the first lady and president of Brazil.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-diplomatic_representation">Non-diplomatic representation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Non-diplomatic representation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office">Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan">List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Taiwan">List of diplomatic missions in Taiwan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LX-VCK_(33158057950).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg/220px-LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg/330px-LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg/440px-LX-VCK_%2833158057950%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1250" /></a><figcaption>Luxembourg aircraft in Taiwan</figcaption></figure> A certain number of countries have official diplomatic relations with the PRC but also maintain some form of unofficial diplomatic relations with Taiwan. This number includes 59 <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">sovereign states</a>, 3 <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent or quasi-dependent territories</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. Unofficial diplomatic relations typically involve an "Economic, Trade and Cultural Office" in Taiwan for the partner country, as well as a corresponding "Taipei/Taiwan/ROC Representative Office" representing Taiwan within the partner country. These unofficial offices generally function as embassies despite not being officially named as such. For example, the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_in_Taiwan" title="American Institute in Taiwan">American Institute in Taiwan</a> functions as the United States' <a href="/wiki/De_facto_embassy" title="De facto embassy">de facto embassy</a>, with the chairman and staff acting as unofficial government consulate officers who nevertheless perform duties that official embassies would undertake. Various countries host Taiwanese representative offices within themselves but don't have representative offices in Taiwan. One country, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>, has a representative office in Taiwan but does not host a Taiwanese representative office within itself; Taiwan's interests in Luxembourg are served by the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Representative_Office_in_Brussels" title="Taipei Representative Office in Brussels">Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium</a>. Taiwan also regards the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, with which it also has unofficial relations via the Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium, as a state entity in the context of international relations; the EU is a <a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">supranational union</a> with a high level of integration between its member states, though each member state retains its national sovereignty. Taiwan has unofficial diplomatic relations with <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macao</a>, both of which are <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special Administrative Regions of the PRC</a>, though Taiwan does not have similar such relations with <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a> (the PRC). Technically, Hong Kong and Macau are integral territories of the PRC, governed under the "<a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One Country, Two Systems</a>" framework. This means that Taiwan effectively has unofficial relations with parts of the PRC but not with the national government of the PRC itself. Taiwan maintains hostile relations with the PRC through the <a href="/wiki/Mainland_Affairs_Council" title="Mainland Affairs Council">Mainland Affairs Council</a>, whose counterpart is the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Affairs_Office" title="Taiwan Affairs Office">Taiwan Affairs Office</a>; neither office is considered to be an embassy by either Taiwan or the PRC, and both offices are operated within the home country rather than within the host country. Taiwan has strong unofficial relations with <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">self-declared state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a> that is claimed as the territory of neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, in a state of affairs that displays strong parallels to Taiwan's own sovereignty dispute with China. Taiwan maintains a "Taiwan Economic and Cultural Office" in <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, which is an <a href="/wiki/Insular_area#Unincorporated_organized_territories" title="Insular area">unincorporated organized territory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>. In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> announced that it would open an unofficial representative office in Taiwan, and Taiwan likewise announced that it would open an unofficial representative office in Lithuania. The Lithuania office was due to open by fall (autumn) of 2021 in the Northern Hemisphere, which is essentially September to November inclusive.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="China–Lithuania relations">Relations between Lithuania and the PRC</a> have simultaneously soured.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> A certain number of countries have indirect unofficial diplomatic relations with Taiwan via third-party proxy countries. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Liaison_Office_in_South_Africa" title="Taipei Liaison Office in South Africa">Taipei Liaison Office in the Republic of South Africa</a> serves the interests of Taiwan throughout a great number of countries in Africa that otherwise don't have any channels of communication with Taiwan. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> Africa (3 states and <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">1 de facto state</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Côte d'Ivoire</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">de facto state</a>)</li></ul> Asia (20 states and 2 territories) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China, People's Republic of</a> (no direct relations with <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_region_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Special administrative region of China">SAR of the PRC</a>)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/45px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macao</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_region_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Special administrative region of China">SAR of the PRC</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">Korea, Republic of (South Korea)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="986" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Türkiye</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> Europe (23 states and 1 <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">supranational union</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">supranational union</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><a href="#cite_note-taiwannews-83">[83]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Representative_Office_in_Lithuania" title="Taiwanese Representative Office in Lithuania">Taiwanese office</a> opened in November 2021, first one in the world to adopt the name "Taiwanese").<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> (has an office in Taipei, Taipei does not have an office in Luxembourg; representation through Belgium and the EU)<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> (has an Economic and Cultural Office in Taipei, Taiwan has Representative Office in Bratislava)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> North America (3 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> Oceania (4 states and <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">1 territory</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="396" /> <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Insular_area#Unincorporated_organized_territories" title="Insular area">unincorporated organized territory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> South America (6 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_representation">No representation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: No representation">edit</a>]</div> The following states recognise Beijing and have no representation in Taiwan (including any non-political, non-diplomatic, non-intergovernmental representation): <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> Africa (50 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cabo Verde</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">DR Congo</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">Sao Tome and Principe</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/23px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/35px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/46px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> Asia (24 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (North Korea)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /> <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> Europe (22 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/43px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/19px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/29px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/38px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul> North America (13 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul> Oceania (9 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">state in free association</a> with <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/23px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/46px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a> (<a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">state in free association</a> with <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> South America (5 states) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_neither_the_ROC_nor_the_PRC">Relations with neither the ROC nor the PRC</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Relations with neither the ROC nor the PRC">edit</a>]</div> A certain number of countries and a <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereign entity</a> do not possess full diplomatic relations with either the ROC or the PRC. This includes one <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">member state of the United Nations</a>, seven <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">de facto states</a>, and one non-territorial sovereign entity (<a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a>). Out of the seven de facto states that do not possess full diplomatic relations with Taiwan, one of them, <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a>, has strong unofficial relations with Taiwan, while another, <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, has been unilaterally recognized by Taiwan but does not recognize Taiwan in return. The other five de facto states have not been recognized by Taiwan diplomatically. The <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a> is a non-territorial sovereign entity; it claims and controls no territory, it does not consider itself to be a <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">state</a>, and yet it considers itself to be <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereign</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:4-87">[87]</a> The Order of Malta <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">maintains full diplomatic relations</a> with 110 <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">sovereign states</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>), official relations with five other sovereign states, and ambassador-level relations with the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-89">[89]</a> The Order of Malta does not maintain full diplomatic relations with either Taiwan or the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-:5-89">[89]</a> Even though the Order of Malta doesn't maintain full diplomatic relations with Taiwan, it has been involved in supporting Taiwan's participation in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_specialized_agencies_of_the_United_Nations" title="List of specialized agencies of the United Nations">UN-affiliated</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Assembly" title="World Health Assembly">World Health Assembly</a> during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> is the only member state of the United Nations that does not have full diplomatic relations with either the ROC or the PRC. The ROC has unilaterally recognized Bhutan as a sovereign state. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>States without relations with the People's Republic of China or the Republic of China </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">State</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereign entity</a> </th> <th scope="col">Recognised by the ROC </th> <th scope="col">Unofficial relations </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>Currently recognised by <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">5 UN member states and two non-UN-member states</a>. Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>A <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">United Nations member state</a>. The ROC recognises <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> as a sovereign state. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>Currently recognised by <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Kosovo" title="International recognition of Kosovo">104 UN member states and three non--UN-member states</a>. Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a> </td> <td>No<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>Recognised only by <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. Claimed by the <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria)</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>) </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>Currently recognised by <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="International recognition of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">46 UN member states and one non-UN-member state</a>. Also known as <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>. Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-:6-95">[95]</a> </td> <td>Taiwan and Somaliland mutually established representative offices on 1 July 2020.<a href="#cite_note-:6-95">[95]</a> Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia (Alania)</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>Currently recognised by <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">5 UN member states and four non-UN-member states</a>. Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>Non-territorial sovereign entity.<a href="#cite_note-:4-87">[87]</a> No position on Taiwanese sovereignty.<a href="#cite_note-:5-89">[89]</a> Engages neutrally with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_switched_from_the_ROC_to_the_PRC">Relations switched from the ROC to the PRC</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Relations switched from the ROC to the PRC">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_diplomatic_relations_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dates_of_establishment_of_diplomatic_relations_with_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China">Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/One_China" title="One China">One China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">Two Chinas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG/220px-Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG/330px-Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG/440px-Former_Consulate_of_France_in_Nanjing_2012-03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a><figcaption>Former French Embassy to the ROC in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG/220px-Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG/330px-Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG/440px-Former_Consulate_of_Mexico_in_Nanjing_2012-11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Former Mexican Embassy to the ROC in Nanjing</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG/220px-Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG/330px-Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG/440px-Soviet_embassy_burned_down.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1847" data-file-height="1195" /></a><figcaption>Former Soviet Union Embassy to the ROC in Nanjing</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg/220px-Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg/330px-Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg/440px-Former_Consulate_of_UK_in_Nanjing_02_2011-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Former United Kingdom Embassy to the ROC in Nanjing</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG/220px-Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG/330px-Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG/440px-Former_Consulate_of_the_United_States_in_Nanjing_2011-11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Former United States Embassy to the ROC in Nanjing</figcaption></figure> Taiwanese academics stated that if any one state switches its diplomatic relations to the PRC, it would create a <a href="/wiki/Domino_effect" title="Domino effect">domino effect</a>, encouraging other states to do so as well.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> The Holy See (Vatican), the only European state that has diplomatic relations with Taiwan, made efforts in 2007 to create formal ties with the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> High-ranking bishops in the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> have implied that such a diplomatic move was possible,<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> predicated on the PRC's granting more <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_China" title="Freedom of religion in China">freedom of religion</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Patriotic_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Patriotic Association">interfering</a> less in the hierarchy of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_China" title="Catholic Church in China">Catholic Church in China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>States formerly recognizing the Republic of China and now recognizing the People's Republic of China </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="nosort"> </th> <th colspan="2" class="nosort">Period of diplomatic relation </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">State</a> </th> <th scope="col">From </th> <th scope="col">To </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Afghanistan" title="Kingdom of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td align="center">1944 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td align="center">1945 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> </td> <td align="center">1967 </td> <td align="center">1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a> </td> <td align="center">1989 </td> <td align="center">1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> </td> <td align="center">1919 </td> <td align="center">1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> </td> <td align="center">1966 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td align="center">1947 </td> <td align="center">1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> </td> <td align="center">1961 </td> <td align="center">1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1994 </td> <td align="center">2018<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a> </td> <td align="center">1948 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td align="center">1953 </td> <td align="center">1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1970 </td> <td align="center">1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon_%281961%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> </td> <td align="center">1962 </td> <td align="center">1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1968 </td> <td align="center">1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1991 </td> <td align="center">1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Ceylon</a> </td> <td align="center">1948 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> </td> <td align="center">1962 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1997 </td> <td align="center">2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td align="center">1915 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">1980<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Congo-Brazzaville</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">2007<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Côte d'Ivoire</a> </td> <td align="center">1963 </td> <td align="center">1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td> <td align="center">1913 </td> <td align="center">1960 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td> <td align="center">1930 </td> <td align="center">1949<a href="#cite_note-104">[note 1]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Dahomey" title="Republic of Dahomey">Dahomey</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1965 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1966 </td> <td align="center">1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a> </td> <td align="center">1983 </td> <td align="center">2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">2018<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ecuador_%281900%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> </td> <td align="center">1946 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt_%281952%E2%80%931958%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td align="center">1942 </td> <td align="center">1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">2018<a href="#cite_note-es-106">[105]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td align="center">1937[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] </td> <td align="center">1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td align="center">1919 </td> <td align="center">1950<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a> </td> <td align="center">1968 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1995 </td> <td align="center">2013<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">Federal Rep.</a>) </td> <td align="center">1955 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td align="center">1929 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> </td> <td align="center">1989 </td> <td align="center">2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> </td> <td align="center">1990 </td> <td align="center">1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">2023<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td align="center">1947 </td> <td align="center">1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg/23px-State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg/35px-State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg/46px-State_flag_of_Iran_%281964%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="293" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Iran</a> </td> <td align="center">1920 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281924%E2%80%931959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Kingdom of Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td align="center">1942 </td> <td align="center">1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> </td> <td align="center">1962 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td align="center">1930 </td> <td align="center">1937 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1952 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> </td> <td align="center">1957 </td> <td align="center">1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a> </td> <td align="center">2003 </td> <td align="center">2019<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">Korea, Republic of (South Korea)</a> </td> <td align="center">1949 </td> <td align="center">1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> </td> <td align="center">1963 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos_%281952%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Laos" title="Kingdom of Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td align="center">1958 </td> <td align="center">1962 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td align="center">1936[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] </td> <td align="center">1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1992 </td> <td align="center">1994<a href="#cite_note-:1-111">[110]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> </td> <td align="center">1954 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lesotho_%281987%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a> </td> <td align="center">1966 </td> <td align="center">1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1990 </td> <td align="center">1994 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> </td> <td align="center">1957 </td> <td align="center">1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1989 </td> <td align="center">1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1997 </td> <td align="center">2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya_%281969%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </td> <td align="center">1959 </td> <td align="center">1978 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td align="center">1921 </td> <td align="center">1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td align="center">1949 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </td> <td align="center">1966 </td> <td align="center">2008<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td align="center">1964 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> </td> <td align="center">1966 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td align="center">1967 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1965 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> </td> <td align="center">1980 </td> <td align="center">2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2005 </td> <td align="center">2024<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td align="center">1912 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> </td> <td align="center">1930 </td> <td align="center">1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1990 </td> <td align="center">2021<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> </td> <td align="center">1963 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1992 </td> <td align="center">1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td> <td align="center">1999 </td> <td align="center">2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td align="center">1947 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> </td> <td align="center">1912 </td> <td align="center">2017<a href="#cite_note-panama-115">[114]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1999-08-05" data-sort-type="isoDate" style="text-align:center;">5 August 1999 </td> <td data-sort-value="1999-08-21" data-sort-type="isoDate" style="text-align:center;">21 August 1999<a href="#cite_note-116">[note 2]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td align="center">1913 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td align="center">1947 </td> <td align="center">1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td align="center">1929 </td> <td align="center">1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td align="center">1939 </td> <td align="center">1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda_%281961%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> </td> <td align="center">1962 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> </td> <td align="center">1997 </td> <td align="center">2016<a href="#cite_note-117">[115]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td align="center">1946 </td> <td align="center">1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1969 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1996 </td> <td align="center">2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> </td> <td align="center">1963 </td> <td align="center">1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> </td> <td align="center">1983 </td> <td align="center">2019<a href="#cite_note-auto-118">[116]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> </td> <td align="center">1912 </td> <td align="center">1998<a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a> </td> <td align="center">1955 </td> <td align="center">1975<a href="#cite_note-120">[note 3]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td> <td align="center">1929 </td> <td align="center">1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td align="center">1913 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td align="center">1946 </td> <td align="center">1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> </td> <td align="center">1972 </td> <td align="center">1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td align="center">1934 </td> <td align="center">1971<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td align="center">1928 </td> <td align="center">1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> </td> <td align="center">1957 </td> <td align="center">1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="2004-11-03" data-sort-type="isoDate" style="text-align:center;">3 November 2004 </td> <td data-sort-value="2004-11-10" data-sort-type="isoDate" style="text-align:center;">10 November 2004<a href="#cite_note-122">[note 4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg/45px-State_flag_of_Venezuela_%281954%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> </td> <td align="center">1941 </td> <td align="center">1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Western Samoa</a> </td> <td align="center">1972 </td> <td align="center">1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> </td> <td align="center">1945 </td> <td align="center">1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a> </td> <td align="center">1960 </td> <td align="center">1973<a href="#cite_note-123">[119]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="States_that_have_never_had_diplomatic_relations_with_the_ROC_but_have_relations_with_the_PRC">States that have never had diplomatic relations with the ROC but have relations with the PRC</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: States that have never had diplomatic relations with the ROC but have relations with the PRC">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_diplomatic_relations_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dates_of_establishment_of_diplomatic_relations_with_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China">Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>States only ever recognizing the People's Republic of China as the Chinese state </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">State</a> </th> <th scope="col">Year recognised the PRC </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1962 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/43px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a> </td> <td>1994 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>1982 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> </td> <td>1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> </td> <td>1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> </td> <td>1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td>1991 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> </td> <td>1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cabo Verde</a> </td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a> </td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> </td> <td>1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> </td> <td>1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> </td> <td>1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a> </td> <td>1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> </td> <td>1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> </td> <td>1970 <a href="#cite_note-124">[120]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> </td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> </td> <td>1957 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> </td> <td>1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> </td> <td>1971 [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td>1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> </td> <td>1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> </td> <td>1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> </td> <td>1960 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> </td> <td>1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a> </td> <td>1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> </td> <td>1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/19px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/29px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/38px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a> </td> <td>1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1958 [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> </td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> </td> <td>1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td>1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/23px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/46px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a> </td> <td>2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td>1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> </td> <td>1978 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> </td> <td>1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> </td> <td>1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a> </td> <td>1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/23px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/35px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/46px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a> </td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td>1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> </td> <td>1960 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> </td> <td>1958 [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> </td> <td>2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a> </td> <td>1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> </td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> </td> <td>1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /> <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>1961 (<a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="Tanganyika (1961–1964)">Tanganyika</a>) 1963 (<a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Zanzibar" title="Sultanate of Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a> </td> <td>2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> </td> <td>1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> </td> <td>1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> </td> <td>1962 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> </td> <td>1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </td> <td>1956 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> </td> <td>1980 <a href="#cite_note-125">[121]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bribery_allegations">Bribery allegations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bribery allegations">edit</a>]</div> Taiwan has been accused on multiple occasions of bribing foreign politicians to commence or maintain diplomatic relations.<a href="#cite_note-126">[122]</a> The ex-president of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> admitted in a U.S. court taking $2.5m from Taiwan in exchange for continuing to recognize it diplomatically.<a href="#cite_note-127">[123]</a> Regarding Taiwanese "dollar diplomacy" in <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a> an observer said: "the methods Taiwan uses, bribing countries and politicians, are unjust, violate international law and disturb the global community. Bribery diplomacy won't last."<a href="#cite_note-128">[124]</a> Prior to Nauru choosing to recognize the government of the People's Republic of China, Taiwan had provided <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauruan</a> government ministers with a monthly stipend of $5,000 in exchange for continuation of the Pacific island country's diplomatic relations with Taipei. Nauruan politicians, including President Marcus Stephen received secret funds. Other MPs received $2,500 a month in what was described as project funding that requires minimal accounting.<a href="#cite_note-129">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="History of the Republic of China">History of the Republic of China</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_foreign_relations_of_China" title="History of foreign relations of China">History of foreign relations of China</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:China_vs_Taiwan,_global_struggle_for_recognition.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png/500px-China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png/750px-China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png/1000px-China_vs_Taiwan%2C_global_struggle_for_recognition.png 2x" data-file-width="2767" data-file-height="1980" /></a><figcaption>A series of maps that illustrate the struggle between the People's Republic of China and Republic of China for international recognition</figcaption></figure> Taiwan was annexed by Japan in 1895 after the <a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Expedition" title="Northern Expedition">Northern Expedition</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Nationalists</a> defeated the warlords of the <a href="/wiki/Beiyang_clique" class="mw-redirect" title="Beiyang clique">Beiyang clique</a> and established a unified government for China in Nanjing. The United States recognised <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China (ROC)</a> on 25 July 1928, the first government to do so.<a href="#cite_note-130">[126]</a> The Japanese occupied parts of China during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. After Japan's defeat in 1945, Taiwan was placed under the temporary administration of the ROC to handle the surrender of Japanese administration. The <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> broke out again between the Nationalists and the CCP. The CCP gained control of the <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland</a> in 1949 and proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC), while the Nationalists fled to Taiwan, taking the ROC government with them. In 1952, Japan renounced Taiwan in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> without specifying to whom Taiwan is ceded. In 2016, A. P. Winston, the author of Chinese Finance under the Republic, said, "chief sources of information on those matters of discussion which have been subjects of diplomacy" were official publications from the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-Winston739-131">[127]</a> Winston explained that only a few official reports from the Chinese government aside from the maritime customs sector had appeared at that point, and that the government of the ROC was "too poor, perhaps still too secretive, to make regular and full publication of statistics."<a href="#cite_note-Winston739-131">[127]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> the ROC generally maintained an <a href="/wiki/Anti-communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-communist">anti-communist</a> stance, however during the late 1960s and early 1970s the government of Chiang Kai-shek undertook secret negotiations with Moscow. Even going so far as having the foreign minister suggest that the ROC would have their own "<a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw talk</a>" with the Soviets.<a href="#cite_note-132">[128]</a> Throughout the Cold War <a href="/wiki/Wang_Sheng_(general)" title="Wang Sheng (general)">Wang Sheng</a> was a driving force in diplomacy between the ROC and the anti-communist world.<a href="#cite_note-133">[129]</a> After retreating there in 1949 Chiang Kai-shek never again left Taiwan, this required leaders who wanted to meet with Chiang to travel to Taiwan. The first head of state during the KMT era to make a <a href="/wiki/State_visit" title="State visit">state visit</a> abroad was Yen Chia-kan in 1977 when he visited Saudi Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-134">[130]</a> In September 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> planned to disband fewer than ten of its embassies to allocate for a "<a href="/wiki/New_Southbound_Policy" title="New Southbound Policy">New Southbound Policy</a>".<a href="#cite_note-135">[131]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion with: Second World War operations in Burma, Yalta Conference, Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Nationalists fleeing into exile in Taiwan in 1949, the 1952 San Francisco Peace Treaty and Treaty of Taipei, UN, Taiwan Strait Incidents, Korean War, Tachen retreat. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (August 2008)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Since 1990, the ROC has witnessed a net of 16 countries switch recognition to the PRC. In January 2021, the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> passed two Taiwan related resolutions. The first resolution contained statements of support for Taiwan's democracy. The second encouraged member states to work to "revisit their engagement policies with Taiwan" as well as to work together with international partners to "protect democratic Taiwan from foreign threats."<a href="#cite_note-136">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[133]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Number of countries recognising ROC and PRC </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Recognition of ROC<a href="#cite_note-138">[134]</a> </th> <th scope="col">Recognition of PRC </th></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>48 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td>68 </td> <td>53 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>89 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>112 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>134 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>139 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>172 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>172 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>174 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>175 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>178 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>180 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>181 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>182 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>183<a href="#cite_note-139">[note 5]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bilateral_relations">Bilateral relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Bilateral relations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cross-Strait_relations">Cross-Strait relations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Cross-Strait relations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg/220px-2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg/330px-2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg/440px-2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_Meeting_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ma%E2%80%93Xi_meeting" title="Ma–Xi meeting">Ma–Xi meeting</a> in 2015</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Double_Tenth_Agreement" title="Double Tenth Agreement">Double Tenth Agreement</a> signed on 10 October 1945 is the only legal document between the two parties. The following <a href="/wiki/Political_Consultative_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Political Consultative Conference">Political Consultative Conference</a> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" class="extiw" title="zh-tw:政治协商会议">zh-tw</a>],<a href="#cite_note-140">[135]</a> was engulfed by <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> history and the American foreign policy of <a href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">containment</a> in East Asia after the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-141">[136]</a> Before the Korean War broke out, the US was preparing for a coup d'état in mid-1950 to replace <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> with <a href="/wiki/Hu_Shih" title="Hu Shih">Hu Shih</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Li-jen" title="Sun Li-jen">Sun Li-jen</a> and neutralize the ROC's legal status under <a href="/wiki/UN_Trusteeship" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Trusteeship">UN Trusteeship</a> to block any legal claim of the PRC on Taiwan, as proposed by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> official <a href="/wiki/Dean_Rusk" title="Dean Rusk">Dean Rusk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[139]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Formosa_Resolution_of_1955" title="Formosa Resolution of 1955">Formosa Resolution of 1955</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[140]</a> was passed unanimously by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>. Resolving the cross-Strait relationship required both sides to rethink definitions of basic concepts such as sovereignty, "one China" and unification.<a href="#cite_note-146">[141]</a> The two <a href="/wiki/Polities" class="mw-redirect" title="Polities">polities</a> of accession<a href="#cite_note-147">[142]</a> resulted in the PRC's <a href="/wiki/Campaign_to_Suppress_Counterrevolutionaries" title="Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries">Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries</a>, the lifting of its <a href="/wiki/Temporary_Provisions_Effective_During_the_Period_of_Communist_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion">martial law</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[143]</a> on PRC territory, and more recently the enactment of the PRC's <a href="/wiki/Anti-Secession_Law" title="Anti-Secession Law">Anti-Secession Law</a> towards the ROC. The two sides have no cross-strait military confidence-building measures (CBM) "to improve military-to-military relations in ways that reduce fears of attack and the potential for military miscalculation".<a href="#cite_note-149">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[145]</a> Nuclear tensions have risen since the PRC promulgated the Anti-Secession Law.<a href="#cite_note-151">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[149]</a> Neither Taipei nor Beijing sees their relations as foreign relations.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] However, the government position that both Taiwan and mainland China are parts of the same state is not universally accepted among the people of Taiwan. In particular, the pro-independence <a href="/wiki/Pan-Green_Coalition" title="Pan-Green Coalition">Pan-Green Coalition</a> considers Taiwan and China to be different countries. By contrast, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">pro-unification</a> <a href="/wiki/Pan-Blue_Coalition" title="Pan-Blue Coalition">Pan-Blue Coalition</a> take the view that both Taiwan and mainland China are parts of the ROC. Former president <a href="/wiki/Lee_Tung-hui" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee Tung-hui">Lee Tung-hui</a> described these relations as "<a href="/wiki/Special_state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special state-to-state relations">Special state-to-state relations</a>".<a href="#cite_note-155">[150]</a> The Chen administrations described Taiwan and China by saying "<a href="/wiki/One_country_on_each_side" class="mw-redirect" title="One country on each side">...with Taiwan and China on each side of the Taiwan Strait, each side is a country.</a>". Former President <a href="/wiki/Ma_Ying-jeou" title="Ma Ying-jeou">Ma Ying-jeou</a> returned to the government position of the early 1990s, calling relations with Beijing <a href="/wiki/Special_non-state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special non-state-to-state relations">special relations between two areas within one state</a>. That state, according to Taiwan is the ROC, and due to constitutional reasons, neither Taipei nor Beijing recognises each other as a legitimate government.<a href="#cite_note-156">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[153]</a> The term preferred by Taiwanese and Chinese governments is "<a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_relations" title="Cross-strait relations">cross-strait relations</a>", referring to the geographical separator, the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Strait" title="Taiwan Strait">Taiwan Strait</a>. The constitutional position of Taipei is that the territory of the ROC is divided into the "Mainland Area" and the "<a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_republic_of_china" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the republic of china">Free Area</a>" (also known as "Taiwan Area"). Administratively, cross-strait relations are not conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Republic of China)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> of Taiwan, but by the <a href="/wiki/Mainland_Affairs_Council" title="Mainland Affairs Council">Mainland Affairs Council</a>, an instrument of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive Yuan</a>. The relations with Hong Kong and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> are also conducted by the Mainland Affairs Council, although not all regulations applicable to mainland China automatically apply to those territories. Taiwanese and Chinese governments do not directly interact. Talks are conducted by China's <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Relations_Across_the_Taiwan_Straits" title="Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits">Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits</a> (ARATS) and Taiwan's <a href="/wiki/Straits_Exchange_Foundation" title="Straits Exchange Foundation">Straits Exchange Foundation</a> (SEF), privately constituted bodies that are controlled and directly answerable to the executive branches of their respective governments. Until the late 1990s, Hong Kong and Macau were <a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese</a> colonies respectively. They provided neutral detour points for people and goods crossing the strait. They and Singapore served as venues for talks between the two sides at that time. One <a href="/wiki/Modus_vivendi" title="Modus vivendi">modus vivendi</a> outcome of such talks was the <a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a>, arising from a 1992 meeting in Hong Kong. Under this consensus, the two sides agree that both Taiwan and mainland China are under the same single sovereignty of China, but the two sides agree to disagree on which side is the legitimate representative of that sovereignty. Setting aside that disagreement, the two sides agreed to co-operate on practical matters, such as recognising certifications authenticated by the other side.<a href="#cite_note-159">[154]</a> Relations between Taipei and Beijing warmed during the Ma government with the promotion of cross-strait links and increased economic and social interchanges between the two sides, but the <a href="/wiki/2014_Taiwan_local_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Taiwan local elections">2014 local elections</a> cooled them again.<a href="#cite_note-160">[155]</a> A <a href="/wiki/2014_Wang-Zhang_Meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Wang-Zhang Meeting">high-level meeting</a> was held on 11 February 2014 in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> that marked the first time China recognised Taiwan's top government officials on matters across the Taiwan Strait.<a href="#cite_note-161">[156]</a> The thawed tensions were not welcomed by the Pan-Green Coalition for the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan independence">Taiwan independence</a> movement after the <a href="/wiki/2000_Republic_of_China_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 Republic of China presidential election">2000 presidential election</a> and to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ex_injuria_jus_non-oritur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ex injuria jus non-oritur (page does not exist)">ex injuria jus non-oritur</a> basis<a href="#cite_note-162">[157]</a> of the Anti-Secession Law. A <a href="/wiki/2015_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Ma–Xi meeting">meeting</a> was held on 7 November 2015 between presidents Xi and Ma to affirm the <a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a> before the ROC <a href="/wiki/2016_Taiwan_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Taiwan general election">2016 general election</a> and in the midst of US Navy tests of area sea claims.<a href="#cite_note-163">[158]</a> Following the election, Beijing cut off contact with the main Taiwan liaison body because of President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a>'s refusal to endorse the concept of a single Chinese nation.<a href="#cite_note-164">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Africa">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Taiwan relations">Burkina Faso–Taiwan relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Chad–Taiwan relations">Chad–Taiwan relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malawi%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malawi–Taiwan relations">Malawi–Taiwan relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="São Tomé and Príncipe–Taiwan relations">São Tomé and Príncipe–Taiwan relations</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Africa–Taiwan relations">South Africa–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_(27459709821).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg/220px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg/330px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg/440px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E6%81%A9%E5%BD%A4%E7%A2%A7%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2827459709821%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4301" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> <a href="/wiki/Ntfombi_of_Eswatini" title="Ntfombi of Eswatini">Queen Mother Ntombi Tfwala</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> South Africa switched in 1998. <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> recognised the ROC in 1989, and switched back to the PRC in October 2003. In December 2016, the government of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> switched.<a href="#cite_note-165">[160]</a> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> has recognised the ROC since 1994, but <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Taiwan relations">cut diplomatic ties</a> in May 2018, establishing relations with the PRC. Earlier, Burkina Faso had rejected US$50 billion from China to break ties with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-166">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eswatini">Eswatini</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Eswatini">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eswatini%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Eswatini–Taiwan relations">Eswatini–Taiwan relations</a></div> After Burkina Faso cut relations with Taiwan in 2018, Eswatini became Taiwan's sole ally in Africa.<a href="#cite_note-168">[163]</a> Taiwan has an <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)_in_the_Kingdom_of_Eswatini" title="Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Kingdom of Eswatini">embassy</a> in Mbabane, Eswatini. On 7 June 2016, the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police Agency (Republic of China)">National Police Agency</a> and Royal Eswatini Police Service signed a joint, cross-border, crime fighting pact, which included exchanges, probes, personnel visits, professional skills enhancement, law enforcement and technical assistance.<a href="#cite_note-169">[164]</a> King <a href="/wiki/Mswati_III" title="Mswati III">Mswati III</a> has visited Taiwan seventeen times as of June 2018, and has promised to continue recognising Taiwan instead of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">PRC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-170">[165]</a> As of June 2018, the Taiwanese Ambassador is Thomas Chen (陳經銓).<a href="#cite_note-171">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gambia">Gambia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Gambia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–Taiwan relations">Gambia–Taiwan relations</a></div> <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a> recognised the ROC from 1968 until 1974, and then again from 1995 until 14 November 2013, when President <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>'s office announced it had cut diplomatic ties with immediate effect.<a href="#cite_note-172">[167]</a> During this era Taiwan gave hundreds of millions of dollars in aid and loans to The Gambia, much of which was diverted by President Yahya Jammeh and those close to him.<a href="#cite_note-OCCRP-173">[168]</a> The PRC recognised The Gambia on 17 March 2016.<a href="#cite_note-174">[169]</a> Upon Gambian recognition the PRC immediately began to furnish them with aid. The repeated switch off between PRC and ROC recognition is seen as an example of <a href="/wiki/Checkbook_diplomacy" title="Checkbook diplomacy">checkbook diplomacy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OCCRP-173">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arab_world">Arab world</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Arab world">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg/220px-Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg/330px-Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg/440px-Ma_Bufang_and_Muhammad_Naguib.jpg 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>Egyptian President <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Naguib" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Naguib">Muhammad Naguib</a> with <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Chinese Muslim</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Army" title="National Revolutionary Army">National Revolutionary Army</a> General <a href="/wiki/Ma_Bufang" title="Ma Bufang">Ma Bufang</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/220px-1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/330px-1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/1955_Ma_Bufang_with_KMT_ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption>ROC Chinese Muslim <a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Army" title="National Revolutionary Army">National Revolutionary Army</a> General Ma Bufang with the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> ambassador to Saudi Arabia in 1955.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg/220px-Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg/330px-Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Ma_Bufang_and_Family_in_Egypt_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="272" /></a><figcaption>Ma Bufang and family in Egypt in 1954.</figcaption></figure> Egypt maintained relations until 1956, when <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> cut off relations and recognised the PRC. <a href="/wiki/Ma_Bufang" title="Ma Bufang">Ma Bufang</a>, who was then living in Egypt, was ordered to move to Saudi Arabia, and became the ROC ambassador to Saudi Arabia. <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> ended its diplomatic relations with the ROC in 1990. Ambassador Wang Shi-ming was a Chinese Muslim, and the ROC ambassador to <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>.<a href="#cite_note-175">[170]</a> The ROC also maintained relations with <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> and Saudi Arabia. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Asia">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bangladesh">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Taiwan relations">Bangladesh–Taiwan relations</a></div> Bangladesh has had limited bilateral exchanges with the ROC since it declared independence in 1971. Bangladesh is the ROC's second largest South Asian trading partner in spite of a global slump. Bangladesh mainly exports garments, knitwear, jutes, leathers and handicrafts to the ROC and imports an assortment of textiles, machines, electronics, steels, and plastic. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="India">India</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: India">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="India–Taiwan relations">India–Taiwan relations</a></div> Leadership meetings between ROC and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> were carried out in the early 1940s before Indian independence from Great Britain.<a href="#cite_note-176">[171]</a> The ROC is included in India's <a href="/wiki/Look_East_policy_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Look East policy (India)">Look East policy</a>. Bilateral relations between India and the ROC improved starting from the 1990s, despite the absence of official diplomatic relations.<a href="#cite_note-FICCI-177">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-VO-178">[173]</a> India recognises only the PRC. However, economic and commercial links as well as people-to-people contacts have expanded.<a href="#cite_note-FICCI-177">[172]</a> Like the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">PRC</a>, the ROC disputes the Chinese border with India over <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a>. The ROC <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution</a> declares this area a part of <a href="/wiki/South_Tibet" class="mw-redirect" title="South Tibet">South Tibet</a>, and disputes the validity of the <a href="/wiki/McMahon_Line" title="McMahon Line">McMahon Line</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iran">Iran</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Iran">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="China–Iran relations">China–Iran relations</a></div> On 1 June 1920, a friendship agreement was signed between the ROC and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. Ratifications were exchanged on 6 February 1922, with effect on the same day.<a href="#cite_note-179">[174]</a> These relations came to an end in 1971 as Iran recognised Beijing. During the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a>, Taiwan was one of the only few countries that solely supported Iran. The two countries have a significant relationship in commerce and Taiwan imports a significant amount of its oil from Iran. An Iranian newspaper wrote on its front-page in December 2022 that Taiwan has a "legal right" to independence.<a href="#cite_note-180">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Israel">Israel</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Israel">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Israel–Taiwan relations">Israel–Taiwan relations</a></div> Due to the One China policy, Israel and Taiwan do not have formal diplomatic relations but each has a representative office in the other country and in practice the two countries have friendly relations.<a href="#cite_note-181">[176]</a> There is considerable contact in the areas of science and technology, including military technology.<a href="#cite_note-182">[177]</a> As relations between Israel and the PRC have worsened due to the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, ties between Israel and Taiwan continue to warm and are driven by assertions that the two are both isolated democracies.<a href="#cite_note-183">[178]</a> Members of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> set up the Taiwan-Israel Congressional Association on 23 February 2024 to promote people-to-people exchanges; cooperation in agriculture, technology and education; and bilateral visits.<a href="#cite_note-184">[179]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan">Japan</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Japan">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Japan–Taiwan relations">Japan–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/220px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/330px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/440px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4404" data-file-height="2936" /></a><figcaption>Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representative of Japan</a> <a href="/wiki/Keiji_Furuya" title="Keiji Furuya">Keiji Furuya</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan on 20 May 2016.</figcaption></figure> Japan–Taiwan relations are guided by the 1972 <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93China_Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9" title="Japan–China Joint Communiqué">Japan–China Joint Communiqué</a>. Japan has maintained non-governmental, working-level relations with Taiwan ever since. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Korea">Korea</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Korea">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Korea–Taiwan relations">North Korea–Taiwan relations</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Korea–Taiwan relations">South Korea–Taiwan relations</a></div> The ROC recognised the establishment of <a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="First Republic of South Korea">the First Republic of Korea</a> in 1948 and considers the ROK government as the sole legitimate representative of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Peninsula">Korean Peninsula</a>. Due to its anti-communist stance, the ROC does not recognise the <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">Democratic People's Republic of Korea</a> as a state. On 4 January 1949, the ROC set up an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Myeongdong" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeongdong">Myeongdong</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>. On 23 August 1992 the ROK severed diplomatic relations with the ROC and then established diplomatic relations with the PRC as part of its <a href="/wiki/Nordpolitik" title="Nordpolitik">Nordpolitik</a>, the last Asian country to switch. In 1991 in the last months of the Cold War, Beijing and Seoul have established ROK and PRC liaisons prior to this and later turned embassies.<a href="#cite_note-185">[180]</a> ROC Premier <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a> approved a total ban on trade between the ROC and the DPRK in September 2017.<a href="#cite_note-FT-186">[181]</a> Taiwanese businessmen have been accused of selling coal, oil and gas to North Korea, as well as importing North Korean textiles and employing North Koreans in Taiwanese fishing vessels.<a href="#cite_note-FT-186">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Malaysia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malaysia–Taiwan relations">Malaysia–Taiwan relations</a></div> Malaysia operates a <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Friendship_and_Trade_Centre" title="Malaysian Friendship and Trade Centre">trade centre office</a> in Taipei,<a href="#cite_note-187">[182]</a> and the ROC has an <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Malaysia" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Malaysia">economic and cultural office</a> in Kuala Lumpur.<a href="#cite_note-188">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mongolia">Mongolia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Mongolia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mongolia–Taiwan relations">Mongolia–Taiwan relations</a></div> Until 1945, Nationalist China claimed sovereignty over Mongolia, but under Soviet pressure and as part of the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_Treaty_of_Friendship_and_Alliance" title="Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance">Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance</a> of August 1945, it recognised Mongolian independence. In 1953, due to the deterioration of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, it revoked this recognition and resumed considering it a part of China.<a href="#cite_note-189">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[185]</a> On 3 October 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Republic of China)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> recognised Mongolia as an independent country,<a href="#cite_note-191">[186]</a> although no legislative actions were taken to address concerns over its constitutional claims to Mongolia.<a href="#cite_note-192">[187]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office">Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office</a> was opened in Ulaanbaatar, and Taipei excluded Mongolia from the definition of the "<a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland area</a>" for administrative purposes. In 2006, old laws regulating the formation of <a href="/wiki/Banner_(administrative_division)" title="Banner (administrative division)">banners</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</a> in Outer Mongolia were repealed. Offices established to support Taipei's claims over Outer Mongolia, such as the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a>,<a href="#cite_note-193">[188]</a> are dormant.<a href="#cite_note-194">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[190]</a> However, the official borders of the ROC have not been changed.<a href="#cite_note-196">[191]</a> The official status of recognition is currently ambiguous, though in practice Mongolia is treated as an ordinary foreign power. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines">Philippines</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Philippines">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Philippines–Taiwan relations">Philippines–Taiwan relations</a></div> The Philippines recognises the One China Policy, but has relations with the ROC through the Manila Economic and Cultural Office in Taipei and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>. Both offices were established in 1975 and were organized as non-profit corporations. The Philippines is the focal country for the ROC's 2016–2020 Southbound Policy, where the ROC plans to push for greater ties. The push was initially welcomed by the <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Aquino</a> Administration, however, the <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Duterte</a> Administration was elected in May 2016, complicating the issue as President Duterte was seen as 'pro-China', and thus would prefer better ties with the mainland over Taiwan. Political analysts during a forum in Manila said that ties between the Philippines and the ROC would have been the best coalition in the Far East, if the South China Sea territorial disputes between the two nations did not exist. The Philippines supports the ROC's membership in <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Singapore">Singapore</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Singapore">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Singapore–Taiwan relations">Singapore–Taiwan relations</a></div> Singapore maintained unofficial relations with both the ROC and the PRC until 1992. It was decided in the Second Ministerial Meeting of APEC as chaired by Singapore in 1990 for the inclusion of the ROC commencing with the Third Ministerial Meeting in Seoul.<a href="#cite_note-197">[192]</a> After the establishment of diplomatic ties between Singapore and PRC on 3 October 1992, Singapore maintained close economic and military ties with Taiwan as part of its attempt to position itself as a neutral party. A diplomatic row broke out between China and Singapore when <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hsien_Loong" title="Lee Hsien Loong">Lee Hsien Loong</a> visited Taiwan one month before he was sworn in as the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Prime Minister of Singapore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[193]</a> Singapore's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Singapore)" title="Ministry of Defence (Singapore)">Ministry of Defence</a> moved to correct an erroneous report in the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Times" title="Liberty Times">Liberty Times</a> on a joint military exercise between the Singapore and Taiwan in March 2005.<a href="#cite_note-199">[194]</a> Singapore is the only foreign country to maintain military training camps in Taiwan, and continues to regularly send infantry, artillery, and armoured personnel there for training. The PRC has offered to support relocating some or all of these facilities to <a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[196]</a> On the issue of United Nations participation for Taiwan, <a href="/wiki/George_Yeo" title="George Yeo">George Yeo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Chen" title="Mark Chen">Mark Chen</a>, the two countries' Foreign Ministers at the time, engaged in a heated exchange of views in 2004 between<a href="#cite_note-202">[197]</a> Beijing's insistence that FTA can only be concluded among sovereign states complicates matters for Taiwan. Accordingly, Singapore and Taiwan signed the "Agreement between Singapore and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu on Economic Partnership (ASTEP)" in November 2013.<a href="#cite_note-203">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Vietnam">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Taiwan–Vietnam relations</a></div> Taiwan–Vietnam relations are conducted on an unofficial level, as Hanoi adheres to a <a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">one-China policy</a> and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China_%E2%80%93_Vietnam_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China – Vietnam relations">officially recognises the PRC</a> only. However, this has not stopped bilateral visits and significant flows of migrants and investment capital between the ROC and Vietnam.<a href="#cite_note-205">[200]</a> The ROC is an important <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a> partner to Vietnam.<a href="#cite_note-206">[201]</a> Other than the PRC itself, Vietnam is the only communist country that maintains an unofficial relationship with the ROC. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Europe">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Belgium">Belgium</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Belgium">edit</a>]</div> In 2020, Belgium's <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)" title="Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)">Chamber of Representatives</a> passed a resolution of support for Taiwan. In 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Parliament" title="Flemish Parliament">Flemish Parliament</a> did the same passing a resolution in support of Taiwan with 117 votes in favor, no votes in opposition, and four abstentions.<a href="#cite_note-207">[202]</a> Flemish wind power companies <a href="/wiki/Jan_De_Nul" title="Jan De Nul">Jan De Nul</a> and <a href="/wiki/DEME" title="DEME">DEME</a> are involved in offshore wind farm development in Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-208">[203]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Czechia">Czechia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Czechia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Taiwan relations">Czech Republic–Taiwan relations</a></div> Relations between Czechia and Taiwan are significant. <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Kubera" title="Jaroslav Kubera">Jaroslav Kubera</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="President of the Senate of the Czech Republic">President of the Senate of the Czech Republic</a>, planned a visit to Taipei prior to his death, prompting threats of retaliation from <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China)">China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[204]</a> Kubera's successor, <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Vystr%C4%8Dil" title="Miloš Vystrčil">Miloš Vystrčil</a>, however, led a delegation to Taiwan that arrived in Taipei on August 31, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-210">[205]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Denmark">Denmark</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Denmark">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Denmark–Taiwan relations">Denmark–Taiwan relations</a></div> On 9 January 1950, Denmark became one of the first European countries to recognize the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-211">[206]</a> While Denmark has continued to maintain unofficial relations with the ROC ever since, they have primarily been related to trade, culture, science and economic affairs.<a href="#cite_note-212">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="European_Union">European Union</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: European Union">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Taiwan–European Union relations">Taiwan–European Union relations</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> has emphasized human rights in its relations with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-213">[208]</a> It is the largest source of <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a> to Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-214">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-215">[210]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> has unofficial relations<a href="#cite_note-216">[211]</a> with Taiwan through the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Trade_Office" title="European Economic and Trade Office">European Economic and Trade Office</a>, which was opened on 10 March 2003.<a href="#cite_note-217">[212]</a> Taipei is one of the major trading partners via the <a href="/wiki/European_Free_Trade_Association" title="European Free Trade Association">European Free Trade Association</a>,<a href="#cite_note-218">[213]</a> and a trading partner with the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-219">[214]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_passport" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese passport">Taiwanese passport</a> holders with a listed <a href="/wiki/National_Identification_Card_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Identification Card (Taiwan)">identity card number</a> do not require a <a href="/wiki/Schengen_visa" class="mw-redirect" title="Schengen visa">Schengen visa</a> to visit the <a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a>; reciprocally, the ROC has also eliminated visa requirements for citizens of all EU countries.<a href="#cite_note-220">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[217]</a> EU-Taiwan relations were debated in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-223">[218]</a> Sixteen EU member states have established offices in Taipei, along with some functional offices.<a href="#cite_note-224">[219]</a> Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium is the unofficial diplomatic representation of Taiwan in the EU.<a href="#cite_note-225">[220]</a> Chinese Taipei is an observer<a href="#cite_note-226">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[223]</a> in the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a>, which is headquartered in Paris, France. ROC's Civil Service Protection and Training Commission (CSPTC) and the Belgian Training Institute of the Federal Administration (TIFA) signed Memorandum of Understanding on 7 November 2014 for workshop attendance of <a href="/wiki/Public_servants" class="mw-redirect" title="Public servants">public servants</a> that highlighted leadership, innovation and conflict management, as well as global competitiveness strategies in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>.<a href="#cite_note-229">[224]</a> The EU rejects granting <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a> <a href="/wiki/Market_economy_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Market economy status">market economy status</a>.<a href="#cite_note-230">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Germany">Germany</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Germany">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Germany–Taiwan relations">Germany–Taiwan relations</a></div> In January 2021 the German government appealed to the Taiwanese government to help persuade Taiwanese semiconductor companies to ramp up production as a global semiconductor shortage was hampering the German economy's recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. A lack of semiconductors had caused vehicle production lines to be idled leading German Economy Minister <a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Peter Altmaier</a> to personally reach out to Taiwan's economics affairs minister <a href="/wiki/Wang_Mei-hua" title="Wang Mei-hua">Wang Mei-hua</a> in an attempt to get Taiwanese semiconductor companies to increase their manufacturing capacity.<a href="#cite_note-231">[226]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Holy_See_(Vatican_City)">Holy See (Vatican City)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Holy See (Vatican City)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Holy See–Taiwan relations">Holy See–Taiwan relations</a></div> Diplomatic relations between the Holy See (Vatican City) and the Republic of China were established on 23 October 1942<a href="#cite_note-232">[227]</a> and, with the presentation by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Riberi" title="Antonio Riberi">Antonio Riberi</a> of his <a href="/wiki/Letter_of_credence" title="Letter of credence">letter of credence</a> to the President in 1946, the Holy See's Apostolic Delegation in China gained diplomatic status.<a href="#cite_note-233">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[229]</a> The Holy See attempted to switch recognition to the CCP/PRC after the end of the civil war but were rebuffed and so ended up recognizing the KMT/ROC on Taiwan. The Holy See and the Republic of China have recognized each other ever since.<a href="#cite_note-235">[230]</a> The Holy See maintains negotiations with the PRC for recognition; however, the Holy See has given the ROC assurances that any negotiations with the PRC will not come at the expense of their relations with the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-236">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italy">Italy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Italy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Italy–Taiwan relations">Italy–Taiwan relations</a></div> Until 1970, Taiwan, as the Republic of China, was represented by an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and a consulate-general in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-237">[232]</a> This was separate from the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_the_Holy_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See">Embassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See</a>, which, while located in Italian territory, remains accredited to <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-238">[233]</a> This led to confusion in 1989 following the <a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiananmen Square protests of 1989">Tiananmen Square protests</a> in Beijing, when Italians protested outside the embassy, believing it to be that of the People's Republic of China.<a href="#cite_note-239">[234]</a> In 2014, Taiwan decided not to participate in <a href="/wiki/Expo_2015" title="Expo 2015">Expo 2015</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government of Italy</a> proposed that it be represented as a corporate entity rather than as a country.<a href="#cite_note-240">[235]</a> In 2020, Taiwan donated equipment and supplies to Italy as part of its <a href="/wiki/Medical_diplomacy" title="Medical diplomacy">medical diplomacy</a> in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Equipment donated included 15 respirators donated to WHO hospitals in the hard-hit Lombardy region in April 2020.<a href="#cite_note-241">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Latvia">Latvia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Latvia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Latvia–Taiwan relations">Latvia–Taiwan relations</a></div> Today bilateral relations between Latvia and Taiwan are positive, with established economic ties, a visa-free travel regime in place between the two nations and the support of some Latvian parliamentarians towards the participation of the ROC in organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-242">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Lithuania">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Lithuania–Taiwan relations">Lithuania–Taiwan relations</a></div> In November 2021, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Taiwan</a> opened its <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Representative_Office_in_Lithuania" title="Taiwanese Representative Office in Lithuania">representative office in Vilnius</a> under the name of "Taiwanese" (the first under this name in the world), with the Lithuanian office in Taipei to open in Spring 2022.<a href="#cite_note-243">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[239]</a> Subsequently, the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> has imposed numerous unofficial economic sanctions on Lithuania, recalled its ambassador in Vilnius, Shen Zhifei, and demanded Lithuania recall its ambassador in Beijing, Diana Mickevičienė.<a href="#cite_note-245">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Netherlands">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Netherlands–Taiwan relations">Netherlands–Taiwan relations</a></div> Netherlands–Taiwan relations go back to the 1600s when the Dutch East India Company set up a colony on Taiwan. In the modern era they are defined by the high degree of foreign direct investment which flows between the two countries and long lasting economic partnerships between Dutch and Taiwanese firms.<a href="#cite_note-247">[242]</a> In 2020 the Netherlands' <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">House of Representatives</a> passed a motion supporting Taiwan's participation in international organizations.<a href="#cite_note-248">[243]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_Macedonia">North Macedonia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: North Macedonia">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> recognized the ROC in 1999, but switched in 2001 after the PRC imposed economic sanctions and used a rare veto on the <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> to block peacekeeping efforts.<a href="#cite_note-249">[244]</a> In addition, North Macedonia was the first European country to sign a military agreement with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-250">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia">Russia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Russia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Russia–Taiwan relations</a></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> had a tumultuous yet strategic relationship with the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>-led Nationalist China until 1949. In the <a href="/wiki/Second_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Second Taiwan Strait Crisis">Second Taiwan Strait Crisis</a> of 1958,<a href="#cite_note-USA_relations-251">[246]</a> Soviet leader <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> recommended the internationalization of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan Question">Taiwan Question</a> and appealed to the United Nations and other multilateral organizations to intervene. The <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a> called for the Ten Nations Summit in New Delhi to discuss the issue on 27 September 1958 as one of the precursors of the later <a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[247]</a> Since the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>, Taiwan has exported many ferric materials to Russia in 2004–2005. In 2005, the total amount of the trade between the two economies was $2,188,944,473. Russia has a representative office in Taipei,<a href="#cite_note-253">[248]</a> and ROC has a representative office in Moscow.<a href="#cite_note-254">[249]</a> Russia keeps a positive balance in its trade relations with Taiwan mainly from crude oil, cast iron and steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical products, ferroalloys, coking coal, timber, and chemical fertilizers. Russia imports mostly electronics and electronic parts, computers and computer parts, and home appliances. The two countries established unofficial diplomatic relations between 1993 and 1996. Taipei is targeting Russia for exporting opportunities and marketing potential.<a href="#cite_note-255">[250]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slovakia">Slovakia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Slovakia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan-Slovakia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan-Slovakia relations">Taiwan-Slovakia relations</a></div> In 2021, the Foreign Affairs Committee of the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council (Slovakia)">National Council</a> of <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> passed a resolution to support the attendance of Taiwan to the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Assembly" title="World Health Assembly">World Health Assembly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-256">[251]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: United Kingdom">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Taiwan–United Kingdom relations">Taiwan–United Kingdom relations</a></div> The United Kingdom's relations with Taiwan<a href="#cite_note-257">[252]</a> are conducted unofficially through the <a href="/wiki/British_Office_Taipei" title="British Office Taipei">British Office Taipei</a><a href="#cite_note-258">[253]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a> in Taipei. After the Chinese Civil War and the retreat of the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a> government to Taiwan, the United Kingdom broke off diplomatic relations with the Republic of China and recognised the People's Republic of China from 6 January 1950.<a href="#cite_note-259">[254]</a> In September 1962, Taiwan opened a representative office in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> under the name of the Free Chinese Centre, which was later renamed the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Representative_Office_in_the_U.K." class="mw-redirect" title="Taipei Representative Office in the U.K.">Taipei Representative Office in the U.K.</a> from April 1992.<a href="#cite_note-TRO_-_U.K.-260">[255]</a> The United Kingdom opened a <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom">representative office</a> in Taipei in 1993 under the name of the British Trade and Cultural Office, which was later renamed the British Office Taipei in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-261">[256]</a> In September 2020, <a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office</a> ministers stated that the UK hopes Taiwan is allowed to attend the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Assembly" title="World Health Assembly">World Health Assembly</a> as an observer.<a href="#cite_note-TRO_-_U.K.-260">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: North America">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dominican_Republic">Dominican Republic</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Dominican Republic">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Dominican Republic–Taiwan relations">Dominican Republic–Taiwan relations</a></div> On 1 May 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> switched. The government initially gave no reason, although it later said in the switchover ceremony that Taiwan was an inalienable part of China and that the switchover was to comply to the one-China policy. It was motivated by loans and investments worth US$3.1 billion. "History and socioeconomic reality" were cited as reasons for the switchover. <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Dario_Espinal" title="Flavio Dario Espinal">Flavio Darío Espinal</a>, a government executive, said that "In the following months and years, enormous opportunities for cooperation will gradually open up, not only in the commercial area, but also in the financial, technological, tourist, educational or energy fields. To take just one example, more than 135 million Chinese tourists visit international destinations annually. The establishment of these diplomatic relations will allow part of that tourism to flow into our country in the near future. And that is just one of the things that will improve."<a href="#cite_note-262">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-263">[258]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="El_Salvador">El Salvador</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: El Salvador">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="El Salvador–Taiwan relations">El Salvador–Taiwan relations</a></div> On 20 August 2018, <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> broke ties with Taiwan and established them with the PRC. El Salvador now only recognises the PRC. Just like Panama and the Dominican Republic, the event was broadcast nationwide on radio and television. Hours before the announcement, Taiwan (ROC) announced that it had broken ties with El Salvador, citing the imminent establishment of diplomatic and commercial ties with the PRC (China). El Salvador's president said that his government had decided to make the switchover due to UN Resolution 2758.<a href="#cite_note-264">[259]</a> The Taiwanese government said that the switchover was not influenced by the Chinese government, but rather, the switchover was done in response to Taiwan refusing to fund the construction of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puerto_La_Uni%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puerto La Unión (page does not exist)">Puerto La Unión</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_La_Uni%C3%B3n" class="extiw" title="es:Puerto La Unión">es</a>] and El Salvador's <a href="/wiki/2019_Salvadoran_presidential_election" title="2019 Salvadoran presidential election">2019 Salvadoran presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-265">[260]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guatemala">Guatemala</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Guatemala">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Guatemala–Taiwan relations">Guatemala–Taiwan relations</a></div> On 18 March 2014, <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>'s former president <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Portillo" title="Alfonso Portillo">Alfonso Portillo</a> pled guilty in the Federal District Court in Manhattan to a charge that he accepted bribes in exchange for recognising the ROC. President <a href="/wiki/Otto_P%C3%A9rez_Molina" title="Otto Pérez Molina">Pérez Molina</a> said that Guatemala's relations with the ROC were and are strong and that the Portillo confession would not affect diplomatic relations between the two nations.<a href="#cite_note-266">[261]</a> Taiwan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs declined comment.<a href="#cite_note-267">[262]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Haiti">Haiti</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Haiti">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Haiti–Taiwan relations">Haiti–Taiwan relations</a></div> Haiti currently recognises the Republic of China over the People's Republic of China. In 2018, Taiwan offered a US$150 Million loan for Haiti's power grid in a bid to maintain diplomatic ties with the country once its neighbour, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> severed ties with Taiwan along with Burkina Faso. In 2018, Haiti's president visited Taiwan to discuss economic issues and diplomatic relations. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Honduras">Honduras</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Honduras">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Honduras_relations" title="China–Honduras relations">China–Honduras relations</a></div> In 2021, it was reported the new Honduras Government elected in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Honduran_general_election" title="2021 Honduran general election">2021 Honduran general election</a> led by the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_and_Refoundation" title="Liberty and Refoundation">Liberty and Refoundation</a> party was considering recognizing China.<a href="#cite_note-268">[263]</a> This announcement came on the heels of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Panama having recently broken relations with the ROC;<a href="#cite_note-latam-269">[264]</a> Taiwan lost a total of nine diplomatic partners during Tsai Ing-wen's presidency with the switch from Honduras.<a href="#cite_note-recall-270">[265]</a> On 15 March 2023, the president <a href="/wiki/Xiomara_Castro" title="Xiomara Castro">Xiomara Castro</a> said she has instructed her foreign minister to establish official relations with the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-271">[266]</a> Taiwanese leadership criticized Honduras' transition by urging them not to "fall into China's debt trap". Honduras' foreign minister Eduardo Enrique Reina stated that the country had asked Taiwan to double its annual aid and renegotiate its debt to the island, which went unanswered. Taiwan's foreign ministry disputed this, stating that they were still actively engaged in bilateral talks with Honduras' government.<a href="#cite_note-272">[267]</a> President Tsai Ing-wen responded to the announcement by scheduling time to visit heads of government and state in nearby Belize and Guatemala.<a href="#cite_note-latam-269">[264]</a> The ROC recalled its Honduran ambassador on 23 March, as Honduras began negotiations with the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-recall-270">[265]</a> A 25 March statement confirmed that Honduras had completed the switch<a href="#cite_note-hondurasprc-273">[268]</a> and their embassy opened in Beijing on 11 June.<a href="#cite_note-hondurasembassy-274">[269]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Panama">Panama</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Panama">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Panama_relations" title="China–Panama relations">China–Panama relations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Panama–Taiwan relations">Panama–Taiwan relations</a></div> On 13 June 2017, the government of <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> switched, breaking all ties with the ROC. Panamanians studying in Taiwan were given the choice of returning to Panama within 30 days or continuing their studies in China. Panama was motivated by promises of multibillion-dollar investments. The shift of recognition began with a letter sent in 2015 to the Chinese government that, according to <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Saint_Malo" title="Isabel Saint Malo">Isabel Saint Malo</a>, Panama's vice president, was titled "Panama wants to make ties with China". The contents of the letter have been kept confidential, as well as the reasons why it was sent. It has also been kept confidential who delivered the letter and assisted in the switchover process, a person described only as "a distinguished member of the Chinese community living in Panama". The US ambassador to Panama, <a href="/wiki/John_D._Feeley" title="John D. Feeley">John D. Feeley</a>, said that he had asked <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Panama" title="List of heads of state of Panama">Panamanian President</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Varela" title="Juan Carlos Varela">Juan Carlos Varela</a> about the switchover in 2016 but Varela lied to him, saying that there were no plans to make the switchover. Feeley also said that Varela didn't tell him the truth until one hour before the nationwide announcement. Others questioned why the Panamanian government continues to use equipment donated by Taiwan. The Panamanian government initially gave no reason, later saying that one reason was because "China is the second largest user of the Panama Canal" and President Varela said it was because he "couldn't accept it anymore" and "that's what every responsible leader would do". The Panamanian government officially said that Taiwan was an inalienable part of China and that the switchover was to comply with the one-China policy. The ROC government said that Panama was its "number one ally" and that it would not participate in Beijing's checkbook diplomacy. The Taiwanese government complained that Panama maliciously hid the switchover process until the last moment. A Panamanian government agency later said that the switchover was because of Taiwanese president <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a>'s violations and lack of regard to the 1992 consensus regarding China, Taiwan and the One-china policy. Panamanian newspaper La Estrella questioned the reasons Varela initially gave for the switchover, like "China has the world's largest population and the 2nd largest economy and user of the Panama Canal"; La Estrella called Varela's actions contradictory and said that the reasons Varela gave were the reality Panama has lived under for decades, so those couldn't be regarded as valid reasons for the switchover. The same newspaper also says that China's plans in Latin America convince Latin American nations easily, with apparent benefits in the short term but with dependency on China in the long term and that China is silently invading other countries and Latin America in general.<a href="#cite_note-275">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[271]</a><a href="#cite_note-277">[272]</a> In the first year of diplomatic relations, 19 treaties were signed, including a Free Trade Treaty. Varela said that its main purpose was to allow Chinese nationals to easily invest in Panama. Controversies over the sudden switchover included lack of due process, unusually high levels of confidentiality, and the fact that a few weeks before the switchover, Taiwan had donated medical equipment to Panama. In 2018, the first flight from Beijing to Panama by Air China landed at <a href="/wiki/Tocumen_International_Airport" title="Tocumen International Airport">Tocumen International Airport</a>, with a technical stop in Houston. Varela called it a milestone in Panamanian aviation. Due to this new route, the Panamanian ministry of tourism expected at least 40,000 Chinese tourist visits per year. "History and socioeconomic reality" were later cited as reasons for the switchover. Varela said that the move was backed by diplomatic relationships dating from 1912 and that the move strengthened the existing relationships, despite the fact that those relationships were with the ROC, not the PRC. As a result, Panama City was almost immediately added to China's list of officially approved tourist destinations.<a href="#cite_note-278">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-279">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[275]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[276]</a> The CCP government has offered the <a href="/wiki/Paname%C3%B1ista_Party" title="Panameñista Party">Panameñista Party</a>-led government a free feasibility study for the planned 4th set of locks in the Panama Canal to gain a competitive advantage in bids for choosing the company to build the 4th set of locks, not to mention plans for a 1,200 hectare industrial park on the Pacific coast and a 4-hectare campus in Amador near the Biomuseo to house the PRC embassy in Panama. There are also fears that Panama could turn into a conflict zone between the US and the PRC, due to Panama's strategic location. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">Taiwan–United States relations</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_China%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="History of China–United States relations">History of China–United States relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_(June_1960).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg/220px-Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg/330px-Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg/440px-Eisenhower_visits_Taiwan_%28June_1960%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption>U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> of ROC in Taiwan. 1960.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg/220px-U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg/330px-U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg/440px-U.S._President_Eisenhower_visited_TAIWAN_%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%BC1960%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%88%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%99%82%E8%88%87%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption>Chiang Kai-shek and Eisenhower wave to crowd during visit to Taiwan in June 1960.</figcaption></figure> The ROC and the U.S. signed a formal treaty of commerce and navigation in 1948. ROC passport holders can thus be granted an E1 and E2 Visa, with indefinite renewal status, based on continued operation of their enterprise<a href="#cite_note-282">[277]</a> in the US.<a href="#cite_note-283">[278]</a> In 1979 the US recognised the PRC instead of ROC.<a href="#cite_note-284">[279]</a> Commercial<a href="#cite_note-285">[280]</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Trade_and_Investment_Framework_Agreement" title="Trade and Investment Framework Agreement">Trade and Investment Framework Agreement</a> signed in 1994,<a href="#cite_note-Taiwan_–_Trade_Summary-286">[281]</a> TIFA<a href="#cite_note-287">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-288">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-Taiwan_–_Trade_Summary-286">[281]</a>), cultural and other substantial relations are currently governed, <a href="/wiki/Inter_alia" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter alia">inter alia</a>, by the 1979 <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Relations_Act" title="Taiwan Relations Act">Taiwan Relations Act</a>. The Act does not recognise the terminology of "Republic of China". United States policy does not support or oppose Taiwan's independence; instead US policy takes a neutral position of "non-support" for Taiwan's independence.<a href="#cite_note-290">[285]</a> U.S. <a href="/wiki/Deputy_assistant_secretary" title="Deputy assistant secretary">Deputy Assistant Secretary</a> of State Alex Wong officially<a href="#cite_note-291">[286]</a> visited the ROC in March 2018 to protest the amendment of the PRC Constitution that removed Presidential tenure restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-292">[287]</a> In July 2002, Minister of Justice <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ding-nan" title="Chen Ding-nan">Chen Ding-nan</a> became the first Taiwanese government official to be invited to visit the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> after the switch. While the U.S. acknowledged PRC's <a href="/wiki/One_China" title="One China">one-China principle</a> in 1979,<a href="#cite_note-293">[288]</a> it did not accept the PRC's claim on Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-294">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-295">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[291]</a> The unofficial name "Taiwan" was mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Three_Communiqu%C3%A9s" title="Three Communiqués">Three Communiqués</a> between the United States and China. Consistent with the United States' one-China policy, raising the ROC flag on an official government facility's property within U.S. territory is not approved by the United States.<a href="#cite_note-297">[292]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[293]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_passport" title="Taiwan passport">Taiwan passport</a> holders are included in the U.S. Visa Waiver Program for a stay of 90 days.<a href="#cite_note-299">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-90_days-300">[295]</a> After 1979, the <a href="/wiki/US%E2%80%93Taiwan_Business_Council" title="US–Taiwan Business Council">US–Taiwan Business Council</a> continued to facilitate commercial activity (mostly semiconductor technology related) and arms sales service.<a href="#cite_note-301">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-302">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-303">[298]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> added an amendment to the fiscal year 2016 US defense budget that includes a clause urging the ROC's participation in the biennial Rim of the Pacific (<a href="/wiki/RIMPAC" title="RIMPAC">RIMPAC</a>) exercise.<a href="#cite_note-304">[299]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="United States State Department">United States State Department</a> has close bilateral cooperation with the ROC through <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Educational_and_Cultural_Affairs" title="Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs">Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs</a>' <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Program" title="Fulbright Program">Fulbright Program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-305">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[301]</a><a href="#cite_note-fulbright.org.tw-307">[302]</a> Recent disputes between the U.S. and the ROC include the ROC's ban on the import of U.S. beef and U.S. pork, which was resolved after the ROC adopted the new standard of a maximum residue limit for <a href="/wiki/Ractopamine" title="Ractopamine">ractopamine</a> in both beef and pork.<a href="#cite_note-308">[303]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_(26882360893).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg/220px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg/330px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg/440px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%83%EF%BC%88John_McCain%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%9C%98_%2826882360893%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="571" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> meets with US Senate delegation led by <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>, June 2016</figcaption></figure> In 2007, a measure was introduced into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> that would dramatically strengthen US ties with the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-309">[304]</a> The United States House of Representatives passed a resolution calling for the lifting of curbs on visits by high-ranking or top ROC officials. The Resolution noted that "whenever high-level visitors from the ROC, including the President, seek to come to the United States, their requests result in a period of complex, lengthy and humiliating negotiations." It further said: "Lifting these restrictions will help bring a friend and ally of the United States out of its isolation, which will be beneficial to peace and stability in the <a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a> Region."<a href="#cite_note-310">[305]</a> A bill was introduced to back the ROC's request to join the UN. The bill stated that the ROC and its 23 million people "deserve membership in the United Nations" and that the United States should fulfill a commitment "to more actively support Taiwan's membership in appropriate international organizations." The bill was introduced on 8 November 2007. The move was led by New Jersey Representative <a href="/wiki/Scott_Garrett" title="Scott Garrett">Scott Garrett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-311">[306]</a> Unofficial diplomatic relations are nevertheless maintained on both sides by means of <a href="/wiki/De_facto_embassy" title="De facto embassy">de facto embassies</a>, which are technically "private organizations" staffed and funded by the respective State Departments. The ROC's de facto embassy network is the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office">Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office</a> (TECRO) with offices in Washington, D.C., 12 other US cities and many other countries without official ties. The US' analogous organization is the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_in_Taiwan" title="American Institute in Taiwan">American Institute in Taiwan</a> (AIT). As of 2010, officials of the ROC had made quasi-official level US visits at a governmental and political level.<a href="#cite_note-brookings.edu-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-312">[307]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">U.S. State Department</a> in July 2019 approved the selling of 108 M1A2T Abrams tanks and 250 Stinger missiles to Taiwan. The US <a href="/wiki/Defense_Security_Cooperation_Agency" title="Defense Security Cooperation Agency">Defense Security Cooperation Agency</a> said that the arms sale serves "US national, economic, and security interests by supporting" Taiwan's "continuing efforts to modernize its armed forces and to maintain a credible defensive capability."<a href="#cite_note-313">[308]</a> In August 2019, the Trump administration officially announced arms sale to Taiwan, worth USD eight billion, which includes the latest Lockheed Martin-built 66 new F-16C/D fighter jets.<a href="#cite_note-USA_relations-251">[246]</a> China immediately criticized the deal, citing it as detrimental to its sovereignty and interests.<a href="#cite_note-314">[309]</a> On 9 August 2020, U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services <a href="/wiki/Alex_Azar" title="Alex Azar">Alex Azar</a> arrived in Taiwan. It marked the highest-level US official visit to Taiwan since 1979.<a href="#cite_note-315">[310]</a> As retaliation, the Chinese force jets flew over the mid-line of the Taiwan Strait, which is in the air defense identification zone.<a href="#cite_note-azar_visit-316">[311]</a><a href="#cite_note-air_zone-317">[312]</a> The visit was also the highest profile visit since the introduction of Taiwan Travel Act.<a href="#cite_note-azar_visit_high_profile-318">[313]</a> In August 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House Speaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> visited the island, an act that was strongly condemned by <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-319">[314]</a> China sent fighter jets and drones near Taiwan on 27 October 2024 in response to a new $2 billion U.S. arms package for Taiwan, escalating tensions in the Taiwan Strait.<a href="#cite_note-320">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-321">[316]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Oceania">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sino-Pacific_relations" title="Sino-Pacific relations">Sino-Pacific relations</a></div> The ROC maintains diplomatic relations with three countries in Oceania: the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a>. The PRC has relations with 13 others (including <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a>). The Pacific is an area of intense and continuous diplomatic competition between Beijing and Taipei, with several countries (Kiribati, Nauru, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu) having switched diplomatic support from one to the other at least once. Both the PRC and the ROC provide development aid to their respective allies. In exchange, ROC's allies support its membership bid in the United Nations. The ROC is one of Tuvalu's most important economic partners. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="History_2">History</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> In September 2006, the first regional summit of Taiwan's Pacific Island allies took place, hosted by Palau in <a href="/wiki/Koror_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Koror City">Koror City</a>. The meeting brought together President <a href="/wiki/Chen_Shui-bian" title="Chen Shui-bian">Chen</a> and delegates from the Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, Nauru, Palau, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> and Kiribati.<a href="#cite_note-322">[317]</a> It was to become a regular event, known as the Taiwan–Pacific Allies Summit.<a href="#cite_note-323">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[319]</a> A second regional meeting was hosted by the Marshall Islands in October, and President Chen attended.<a href="#cite_note-325">[320]</a> This resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Majuro_Declaration" title="Majuro Declaration">Majuro Declaration</a>, in which Taiwan's six Pacific allies re-stated their recognition of the ROC's sovereignty, and promised to support the ROC's attempts to join the United Nations.<a href="#cite_note-326">[321]</a> In June 2007, the ROC donated an aid package of €700,000, distributed among eight Pacific regional organisations.<a href="#cite_note-327">[322]</a> In January 2008, following the victory of the Kuomintang in the ROC's elections, Kuomintang MP Yang Li-huan stated that under the new government Taiwan's interest in the Pacific could decrease.<a href="#cite_note-RNZI_37668-328">[323]</a> Three days later, however, it was confirmed that ROC Vice-president <a href="/wiki/Annette_Lu" title="Annette Lu">Annette Lu</a> would lead a diplomatic visit to the Marshall Islands, Nauru and Solomon Islands.<a href="#cite_note-329">[324]</a> In March 2008, President-elect Ma was reported as saying that his government would put an end to Taiwanese "cheque-book diplomacy" in the Pacific (or more specifically, similar to the condition of <a href="/wiki/Cestui_que_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Cestui que use">cestui que use</a> diplomacy).<a href="#cite_note-330">[325]</a> In May of that same year, Ma called for what he referred to as a "cease-fire" in the competition between the ROC and the PRC for diplomatic allies. This followed a scandal due to allegations that Taiwan's Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/James_C._F._Huang" title="James C. F. Huang">James Huang</a> had attempted to buy Papua New Guinea's diplomatic allegiance.<a href="#cite_note-afp.google.com-331">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[327]</a> Papua New Guinea's foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Sam_Abal" title="Sam Abal">Sam Abal</a> subsequently confirmed that his country had no intention of recognising the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-333">[328]</a> In October, Taiwan cancelled a scheduled summit with its Pacific Island allies. Although the authorities cited "preparation problems", <a href="/wiki/Radio_Australia" title="Radio Australia">Radio Australia</a> commented that "the decision appears to be an attempt by the new administration of President Ma Ying-jeou to keep the island's diplomatic activities low-profile and avoid offending China".<a href="#cite_note-334">[329]</a> In June 2009, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that President Ma would "attend a [...] leadership summit between Taiwan and its South Pacific allies" in autumn. The summit, hosted by Solomon Islands, would be attended by the "heads of state of Taiwan's six allies in the region" and would focus on "countering the <a href="/wiki/Late-2000s_recession" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-2000s recession">current economic contraction</a>, <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> and how to strengthen the fisheries industry". Upon announcing the summit, the Ministry added that Ma had "developed a fondness for the Pacific region during his previous visit to Solomon Islands when he saw a handful of children at a market selling betel nuts and watermelons while wearing shirts donated by the people of Taiwan".<a href="#cite_note-335">[330]</a> In July 2009, the ROC donated over €40,000 in a scholarship scheme benefiting students from Pacific countries, including those, such as Fiji or Papua New Guinea, that do not grant it diplomatic recognition. It donated €288,000 for regional development assistance programmes, to be used notably on access to water, sanitation and hygiene, renewable energy, solar photovoltaic assessments, fisheries management, education and youth training.<a href="#cite_note-336">[331]</a> Taiwan has asked to be recognised as an official dialogue partner of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a>. That status is currently awarded to the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-RNZI_41647-337">[332]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia">Australia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Australia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Australia–Taiwan relations">Australia–Taiwan relations</a></div> In February 2008, Australia reportedly "chastised Taiwan for its renewed push for independence" and "reiterated its support for a one-China policy".<a href="#cite_note-338">[333]</a> Australia-Taiwan relations are growing in non-political areas including an annual Bilateral Economic Consultation and both sides also established Joint Energy, Mineral, Trade and Investment Cooperation Consultation (JEMTIC) as well as an Agriculture Working Group meeting.<a href="#cite_note-339">[334]</a> Australia does not object Taiwan's participation in international organizations where consensus has been achieved,<a href="#cite_note-340">[335]</a> and Australia-Taiwan relations are commercially and unofficially-driven, such as the Australia-Taiwan Business Council,<a href="#cite_note-341">[336]</a> along with contacts in education, science, sports and arts.<a href="#cite_note-342">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-343">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-344">[339]</a><a href="#cite_note-345">[340]</a> Taiwan is unofficially represented in Australia by the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Australia" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Australia">Taipei Economic and Cultural Office</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> (which has branches in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane) while Australia is similarly represented by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Office_in_Taipei" title="Australian Office in Taipei">Australian Office in Taipei</a>. Taiwan has an official, government co-sponsored branch office of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_External_Trade_Development_Council" title="Taiwan External Trade Development Council">Taiwan External Trade Development Council</a> in Sydney.<a href="#cite_note-346">[341]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Consulate-General,_Hong_Kong_and_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Consulate-General, Hong Kong and Macau">Australian Consulate-General</a> in Hong Kong is responsible for Visa and Citizenship matters for applicants in Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-347">[342]</a> Perth has <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister city</a> relations with Taipei City and Brisbane has sister city relations with Kaohsiung City.<a href="#cite_note-348">[343]</a><a href="#cite_note-349">[344]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fiji">Fiji</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Fiji">edit</a>]</div> The ROC set up a <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office">trade mission</a> in Fiji in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-350">[345]</a> In 1975, PRC established diplomatic relation with Fiji. The trade center became the Trade Mission of the ROC to the Republic of Fiji in 1988. In 1996, ROC and Fiji signed a 'mutual recognition' communique and Fiji set up its representative office named Fiji Trade and Tourism Representative Office in 1997 in Taipei. The Fiji office closed on 10 May 2017.<a href="#cite_note-351">[346]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kiribati">Kiribati</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Kiribati">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kiribati%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Kiribati–Taiwan relations">Kiribati–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg/220px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg/330px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg/440px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%90%89%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%82%E8%AB%87%E8%A9%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4516" data-file-height="3011" /></a><figcaption>Kiribati President <a href="/wiki/Taneti_Mamau" class="mw-redirect" title="Taneti Mamau">Taneti Mamau</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a>, under the government of President <a href="/wiki/Taneti_Mamau" class="mw-redirect" title="Taneti Mamau">Taneti Mamau</a>, initially recognised the ROC but switched to PRC later on. From 1980 to 2003, Kiribati recognised the PRC. Relations between China and Kiribati then became a contentious political issue within Kiribati. President <a href="/wiki/Teburoro_Tito" title="Teburoro Tito">Teburoro Tito</a> was ousted in a parliamentary <a href="/wiki/Vote_of_no_confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote of no confidence">vote of no confidence</a> in 2003, over his refusal to clarify the details of a land lease that had enabled Beijing to maintain a satellite-tracking station in the country since 1997, and over Chinese ambassador Ma Shuxue's acknowledged monetary donation to "a cooperative society linked to Tito".<a href="#cite_note-352">[347]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/July_2003_Kiribatian_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="July 2003 Kiribatian presidential election">ensuing election</a>, Anote Tong won the presidency after "stirring suspicions that the station was being used to spy on US installations in the Pacific".<a href="#cite_note-theage.com.au-353">[348]</a> Tong had previously pledged to "review" the lease.<a href="#cite_note-354">[349]</a> In November 2003, <a href="/wiki/Tarawa" title="Tarawa">Tarawa</a> established diplomatic relations with Taipei<a href="#cite_note-theage.com.au-353">[348]</a> and Beijing severed its relations with the country. For the PRC, the presence of the satellite-tracking station had made relations with Kiribati relatively important; the station had, in particular, been used to track <a href="/wiki/Yang_Liwei" title="Yang Liwei">Yang Liwei</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">spaceflight</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Currency_of_Persuasion-355">[350]</a> Therefore, for three weeks the PRC called upon I-Kiribati President Anote Tong to break off relations with Taiwan and re-affirm his support for the "One China" policy. Only after those three weeks did the PRC sever relations,<a href="#cite_note-356">[351]</a> thereby losing the right to maintain its satellite-tracking base. The ROC began providing economic aid to Kiribati, while Kiribati began supporting Taiwan in the United Nations. In 2004, President Tong said he believed the PRC was trying to influence his country.<a href="#cite_note-pacificmagazine.net-357">[352]</a> The comment was mainly due to the PRC's refusal to remove all its personnel from its closed embassy.<a href="#cite_note-Currency_of_Persuasion-355">[350]</a> Tong stated that the Chinese personnel, who remained in Kiribati against his wishes, were handing out anti-government pamphlets; he told New Zealand journalist Michael Field: "I am sure if we did this in Beijing, we would be in jail in half a second".<a href="#cite_note-358">[353]</a> Tong's brother and main political opponent, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Tong" title="Harry Tong">Harry Tong</a>, responded by accusing Taiwan of excessive influence on Kiribati, notably of influencing the country's clergy.<a href="#cite_note-pacificmagazine.net-357">[352]</a> In 2008, Taiwan settled Kiribati's unpaid bills to <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Airways" title="Fiji Airways">Air Pacific</a>, enabling the airline to maintain its services from <a href="/wiki/Tarawa" title="Tarawa">Tarawa</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kiritimati" title="Kiritimati">Kiritimati</a>.<a href="#cite_note-359">[354]</a> In November 2010, despite their lack of diplomatic relations, the PRC was one of fifteen countries to attend the <a href="/wiki/Tarawa_Climate_Change_Conference" title="Tarawa Climate Change Conference">Tarawa Climate Change Conference</a> in Kiribati, and one of twelve to sign the resulting <a href="/wiki/Ambo_Declaration" title="Ambo Declaration">Ambo Declaration</a> on climate change.<a href="#cite_note-360">[355]</a> On 20 September 2019, Kiribati switched diplomatic relation from ROC to PRC.<a href="#cite_note-361">[356]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marshall_Islands">Marshall Islands</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Marshall Islands">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:10.30_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8A%B5%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%A6%AE%EF%BC%88Hilda_C._Heine%EF%BC%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%99%AA%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BF%E7%B4%85%E5%9C%B0%E6%AF%AF%E5%89%8D%E9%80%B2%EF%BC%8C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E5%85%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_(24181095838).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/10.30_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8A%B5%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%A6%AE%EF%BC%88Hilda_C._Heine%EF%BC%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%99%AA%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BF%E7%B4%85%E5%9C%B0%E6%AF%AF%E5%89%8D%E9%80%B2%EF%BC%8C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E5%85%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824181095838%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/10.30_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8A%B5%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%A6%AE%EF%BC%88Hilda_C._Heine%EF%BC%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%99%AA%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BF%E7%B4%85%E5%9C%B0%E6%AF%AF%E5%89%8D%E9%80%B2%EF%BC%8C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E5%85%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824181095838%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/10.30_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8A%B5%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%A6%AE%EF%BC%88Hilda_C._Heine%EF%BC%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%99%AA%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BF%E7%B4%85%E5%9C%B0%E6%AF%AF%E5%89%8D%E9%80%B2%EF%BC%8C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E5%85%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824181095838%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2555" data-file-height="1640" /></a><figcaption>Marshall Islands President <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Heine" title="Hilda Heine">H.E. Hilda C. Heine</a> with Taiwan President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in October 2017</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a> recognise the ROC and maintain an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>. The magazine Islands Business reported that President <a href="/wiki/Litokwa_Tomeing" title="Litokwa Tomeing">Litokwa Tomeing</a>, elected in January 2008, might turn instead to the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-362">[357]</a> However, in office Tomeing expressed continued support for ties with Taiwan and met with ROC Vice President <a href="/wiki/Annette_Lu" title="Annette Lu">Annette Lu</a> when she visited the Marshall Islands on 29 January 2008.<a href="#cite_note-363">[358]</a> The current Marshallese ambassador to Taiwan is <a href="/wiki/Anjanette_Kattil" title="Anjanette Kattil">Anjanette Kattil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-364">[359]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Micronesia">Micronesia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Micronesia">edit</a>]</div> Micronesia recognized the Republic of China until 1989, switching its foreign recognition to the People's Republic of China. In 2023, shortly before his term as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Micronesia">president</a> ended, <a href="/wiki/David_Panuelo" title="David Panuelo">David Panuelo</a> wrote an open letter accusing Beijing of bribing Micronesian officials for recognition and to stay out of a potential conflict, as well as spying on the Micronesian government and personally surveilling him. He furthermore advocated for returning to relations with the Republic of China and held meetings with Taiwanese foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wu" title="Joseph Wu">Joseph Wu</a> to determine if it was possible.<a href="#cite_note-fsm-365">[360]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nauru">Nauru</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Nauru">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nauru%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Nauru–Taiwan relations">Nauru–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg/220px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg/330px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg/440px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2970" data-file-height="1980" /></a><figcaption>Nauru President <a href="/wiki/Baron_Waqa" title="Baron Waqa">Baron Waqa</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> recognized the Republic of China until 2024, before switching its recognition to the People's Republic of China. In 1980, Nauru established official relations with the ROC. In 2002, however, the government of <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Harris" title="René Harris">René Harris</a> established relations with the PRC,<a href="#cite_note-366">[361]</a> and adopted the One China Policy.<a href="#cite_note-367">[362]</a> Consequently, Taiwan severed its relations with Nauru, and accused the PRC of having bought Nauru's allegiance with financial aid of over €90,000,000.<a href="#cite_note-368">[363]</a> A reporter for The Age agreed, stating that "Beijing recently bought off a threat by Nauru to revert to Taiwan only six months after opening ties with the mainland, offering a large loan to Nauru's near-destitute Government".<a href="#cite_note-theage.com.au-353">[348]</a> In 2003, Nauru closed its newly established embassy in Beijing. Two years later, ROC President Chen met Nauruan President <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Scotty" title="Ludwig Scotty">Ludwig Scotty</a> in the Marshall Islands. In May 2005, the ROC and Nauru re-established diplomatic relations,<a href="#cite_note-369">[364]</a> and opened embassies in each other's capitals. The PRC consequently severed its relations with Nauru. The ROC is one of Nauru's two foremost economic aid partners (with Australia). In return, Nauru uses its seat in the United Nations to support the ROC's admittance proposal. Taiwan provides regular medical assistance to Nauru, sending specialised doctors to the country's only hospital.<a href="#cite_note-RNZI_57025-370">[365]</a> In 2007, Scotty was re-elected, amidst claims that his electoral campaign had been funded by Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-371">[366]</a> Scotty's opponents claimed that the ROC wanted to ensure that a pro-Taiwan government remained in power. Scotty was replaced by Marcus Stephen in December 2007. Following Stephen's election, President Chen telephoned him to congratulate him, assure him of the ROC's continued assistance for Nauru, request Nauru's continued support in return, and invite him to visit Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-taipeitimes.com-372">[367]</a> Nauru remains the focus of diplomatic competition between Beijing and Taipei. In 2006, according to the New Statesman, President Scotty "was allegedly accosted by a horde of screaming Chinese officials who tried to drag him on to a plane to Beijing just as he was boarding one bound for Taipei".<a href="#cite_note-373">[368]</a> In 2008, Nauru co-submitted a proposal to the United Nations, requesting that the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> consider enabling "Taiwan's participation in the activities of UN specialized agencies". The proposal was rejected.<a href="#cite_note-374">[369]</a> In 2011 <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> revealed that Taiwan had been paying a "monthly stipend" to Nauruan government ministers in exchange for their continued support, as well as a smaller sum to other members of parliament, as "project funding that requires minimal accounting". Reporting on the story, the <a href="/wiki/Brisbane_Times" title="Brisbane Times">Brisbane Times</a> wrote: "One MP reportedly used his Taiwanese stipend to buy daily breakfast for all schoolchildren in his district, while others were happy to just pocket the cash". A "former Australian diplomat with close knowledge of politics in Nauru" stated that Nauruan President Marcus Stephen, Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Kieren_Keke" title="Kieren Keke">Kieren Keke</a> and former President Ludwig Scotty, among others, had all accepted "under the counter" funding from Taiwan. The leaks revealed that "Chinese [PRC] agents had also sought to influence Nauru's elections through cash payments to voters, with at least $40,000 distributed in one instance in 2007".<a href="#cite_note-payoffs-375">[370]</a> WikiLeaks also revealed that Australia had, at one time, been "pushing" Nauru to break its relations with Taiwan and establish relations with the PRC instead. Then President Scotty had reportedly resisted on the grounds that it was "none of Australia's business".<a href="#cite_note-payoffs-375">[370]</a> In late 2011, Taiwan "doubled its health aid" to Nauru, notably providing a resident medical team on a five-year appointment.<a href="#cite_note-376">[371]</a> From 11 June 2013 to 27 August 2019, under the government of President <a href="/wiki/Baron_Waqa" title="Baron Waqa">Baron Waqa</a>, Nauru maintained its recognition of the Republic of China. In 2018, a diplomatic row between the PRC and Nauru occurred at the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> when Nauruans would only stamp entry visas on personal passports of Mainland diplomats rather than diplomatic ones.<a href="#cite_note-nauru-377">[372]</a> On 15 January 2024, Nauru chose to recognise the People's Republic of China, severing diplomatic ties with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-378">[373]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: New Zealand">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="New Zealand–Taiwan relations">New Zealand–Taiwan relations</a></div> While New Zealand does not have formal diplomatic relations with Taiwan, the two countries still maintain informal trade, economic, and cultural relations. Taiwan has two <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_New_Zealand" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in New Zealand">Economic and Cultural offices</a> in Auckland and Wellington. New Zealand also has a <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Commerce_and_Industry_Office" title="New Zealand Commerce and Industry Office">Commerce and Industry Office</a> in Taipei.<a href="#cite_note-379">[374]</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[375]</a> On 10 July 2013, New Zealand and ROC signed a bilateral Economic Cooperation Agreement.<a href="#cite_note-381">[376]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[377]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Palau">Palau</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Palau">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Palau%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Palau–Taiwan relations">Palau–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2(Tommy_E._Remengesau,_Jr.)_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_(27163348345).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg/220px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg/330px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg/440px-%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%87%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%9B%B7%E8%92%99%E5%82%91%E7%B4%A2%28Tommy_E._Remengesau%2C_Jr.%29_%E5%90%88%E5%BD%B1_%2827163348345%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2970" data-file-height="1980" /></a><figcaption>Palau President <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Remengesau" class="mw-redirect" title="Tommy Remengesau">Tommy Remengesau</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a> recognises the ROC, and is one of the few countries to maintain an embassy in Taipei. Diplomatic relations began in 1999, five years after Palaun independence.<a href="#cite_note-palau-383">[378]</a> ROC maintains an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Koror_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Koror City">Koror City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-384">[379]</a> The ROC provides scholarships to Palauan students, as well as computers for Palauan schools. In 2008, Mario Katosang, Palau's Minister of Education, stated: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">We were given 100 Windows-based computers by Taiwan. The education sector uses predominantly Apple Macintosh computers, so I mentioned that we may also need software. Taiwan immediately delivered 100 brand new copies of Windows XP, and offered to train our computer technicians.<a href="#cite_note-385">[380]</a></blockquote> Travel from the Mainland to Palau is illegal.<a href="#cite_note-palau-383">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-abc-386">[381]</a> Taiwan and Palau entered into a maritime cooperation agreement in March 2019. Taiwan agreed to fund the building of an eight-ton patrol boat in Palau. The agreement also allows Taiwanese patrol boats to resupply in Palau, personnel exchanges, and joint training. The first joint exercise occurred on 23 March when the Taiwanese coast guard frigate Hsun Hu No. 7 conducted a patrol mission with Palauan vessels.<a href="#cite_note-387">[382]</a><a href="#cite_note-388">[383]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Papua_New_Guinea">Papua New Guinea</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Papua New Guinea">edit</a>]</div> Papua recognises the PRC. In 2005, Papua New Guinea, along with Fiji, supported Taiwan's wish to join the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solomon_Islands">Solomon Islands</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Solomon Islands">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Solomon Islands–Taiwan relations">Solomon Islands–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg/220px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg/330px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg/440px-%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%8E%A5%E8%A6%8B%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86%E8%98%87%E5%98%89%E7%93%A6%E7%91%9E%E4%BC%89%E5%84%B7%E8%A8%AA%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%98.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4493" data-file-height="2995" /></a><figcaption>Solomon Islands Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Manasseh_Sogavare" title="Manasseh Sogavare">Manasseh Sogavare</a> meets with Taiwanese President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in July 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_(24279934258).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg/220px-11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg/330px-11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg/440px-11.03_%E7%B4%A2%E5%9C%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%84%80%E9%9A%8A%E5%90%91%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E8%87%B4%E6%95%AC_%2824279934258%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2507" data-file-height="1672" /></a><figcaption>Picture from President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a>'s state visit to Solomon Islands in November 2017</figcaption></figure> The two countries established diplomatic relations on 23 May 1983.<a href="#cite_note-389">[384]</a> A ROC consulate general in <a href="/wiki/Honiara" title="Honiara">Honiara</a> was upgraded to an embassy two years later.<a href="#cite_note-390">[385]</a> Since 2011, the Solomons' ambassador to the ROC has been <a href="/wiki/Laurie_Chan" title="Laurie Chan">Laurie Chan</a>, a Solomon Islands national of Chinese ethnic background, and a former Solomon Islands Minister of Foreign Affairs who supported his country's continued relations with Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-391">[386]</a> After pro-Taiwan Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Manasseh_Sogavare" title="Manasseh Sogavare">Manasseh Sogavare</a> was ousted in a vote of no confidence in December 2007, and replaced by <a href="/wiki/Derek_Sikua" title="Derek Sikua">Derek Sikua</a>, ROC President Chen telephoned Prime Minister Sikua, offering his congratulations and Taiwan's continued aid, and requested the Sikua government's continued diplomatic support. Chen also invited Sikua to visit Taiwan,<a href="#cite_note-taipeitimes.com-372">[367]</a> which he did in March 2008. Sikua was welcomed with military honours by Chen, who stated: "Taiwan is the Solomon Islands' most loyal ally. [...] Taiwan will never forsake the people or government of the Solomon Islands."<a href="#cite_note-392">[387]</a> Solomon Islands has continued to recognise the ROC under Sikua's leadership. In June 2019, secret negotiations with Australia were reported that involved the Solomon Islands reassessing if they wanted to switch recognition to the PRC with an internal deadline of mid-September to make a change or leave the status quo.<a href="#cite_note-393">[388]</a> In early September, they announced their intention to change recognition to the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-sichange-394">[389]</a> On 16 September, it officially broke its ties with Taiwan, switching its recognition to the PRC.<a href="#cite_note-395">[390]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-118">[116]</a> In June 2020 the Premier of <a href="/wiki/Malaita_Province" title="Malaita Province">Malaita Province</a>, a critic of the switch in recognition, accepted rice from Taiwan as state aid. This was criticised by the national government, who called on him to respect the country's foreign policy.<a href="#cite_note-396">[391]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Tuvalu">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_(38093830851).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg/220px-11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg/330px-11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg/440px-11.01_%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4%E5%90%90%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3_%2838093830851%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>President Tsai visits Governor-General of Tuvalu <a href="/wiki/Iakoba_Italeli" title="Iakoba Italeli">Iakoba Italeli</a> in November 2017</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a> recognises the ROC; Taiwan maintains the only foreign resident embassy in Tuvalu, in <a href="/wiki/Funafuti" title="Funafuti">Funafuti</a>. Tuvalu supports the ROC's bid to join the United Nations, and Taiwan has provided Tuvalu with mobile medical missions.<a href="#cite_note-RNZI_37244-397">[392]</a> In 2006, Taiwan reacted to reports that the PRC was attempting to draw Tuvalu away from the ROC. Taiwan consequently strengthened its weakening diplomatic relations with Tuvalu.<a href="#cite_note-398">[393]</a> In 2019—shortly after Kiribati and the Solomon Islands ended their relations with the Republic of China—Tuvalu reiterated their support for the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-tv2019-399">[394]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Vanuatu">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a> recognises the PRC. In November 2004, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Serge_Vohor" title="Serge Vohor">Serge Vohor</a> briefly established diplomatic relations with Taiwan, before he was ousted for that reason in a vote of no confidence.<a href="#cite_note-vanuatudaily.com-400">[395]</a><a href="#cite_note-401">[396]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: South America">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paraguay">Paraguay</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: Paraguay">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Paraguay–Taiwan relations">Paraguay–Taiwan relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg/220px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg/330px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg/440px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>Paraguay President <a href="/wiki/Horacio_Cartes" title="Horacio Cartes">Horacio Cartes</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> Paraguay <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">recognizes Taiwan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-402">[397]</a> Paraguayan leader General <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Alfredo Stroessner">Alfredo Stroessner</a> was a partner of Generalissimo Chiang. Many Paraguayan officers trained in <a href="/wiki/Fu_Hsing_Kang_College" title="Fu Hsing Kang College">Fu Hsing Kang College</a> in the ROC.<a href="#cite_note-403">[398]</a> Stroessner's 1989 ousting and his successor <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(President)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrés Rodríguez (President)">Andrés Rodríguez</a>'s reinventing himself as a democratically elected president, were immediately followed by invitations from Beijing to switch diplomatic recognition.<a href="#cite_note-Marks,_p._301-404">[399]</a> However, the Taiwanese ambassador, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Sheng_(general)" title="Wang Sheng (general)">Wang Sheng</a>, and his diplomats were able to convince the Paraguayans that continuing the relationship with the ROC, and thus keeping the ROC's development assistance and access to the ROC's markets, would be more advantageous for Paraguay.<a href="#cite_note-405">[400]</a> Recognition of Taiwan was a matter of debate in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Paraguayan_general_election" title="2023 Paraguayan general election">2023 Paraguayan general election</a>, with bilateral relations maintained after the results.<a href="#cite_note-2023election-406">[401]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Venezuela">Venezuela</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Venezuela">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Taiwan–Venezuela relations">Taiwan–Venezuela relations</a></div> In 2007, the Venezuelan government refused to renew visas for five members of the ROC commercial representation in Caracas.<a href="#cite_note-407">[402]</a> Relations with Venezuela have worsened because of the increasing partnership between the socialist government of <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Hugo Chávez</a> and the People's Republic of China, which has led to a more overt rejection of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(political_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legitimacy (political science)">legitimacy</a> by Venezuela. During the <a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_presidential_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis">2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis</a>, Taiwan has been supportive of <a href="/wiki/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3" title="Juan Guaidó">Juan Guaidó</a> and the opposition-led <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Venezuela)">National Assembly</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overseas_representation_in_Taiwan">Overseas representation in Taiwan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Overseas representation in Taiwan">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Embassies">Embassies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Embassies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Diplomatic_Quarter_(%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80)_of_Taiwan_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B),_as_seen_from_Lane_101,_Tianmu_West_road_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%AF%8D%E8%A5%BF%E8%B7%AF101%E5%B7%B7)_on_31_October_2017,_around_1PM_(Picture_1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/The_Diplomatic_Quarter_%28%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80%29_of_Taiwan_%28%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%29%2C_as_seen_from_Lane_101%2C_Tianmu_West_road_%28%E5%A4%A9%E6%AF%8D%E8%A5%BF%E8%B7%AF101%E5%B7%B7%29_on_31_October_2017%2C_around_1PM_%28Picture_1%29.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/The_Diplomatic_Quarter_%28%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80%29_of_Taiwan_%28%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%29%2C_as_seen_from_Lane_101%2C_Tianmu_West_road_%28%E5%A4%A9%E6%AF%8D%E8%A5%BF%E8%B7%AF101%E5%B7%B7%29_on_31_October_2017%2C_around_1PM_%28Picture_1%29.jpg/375px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/The_Diplomatic_Quarter_%28%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80%29_of_Taiwan_%28%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%29%2C_as_seen_from_Lane_101%2C_Tianmu_West_road_%28%E5%A4%A9%E6%AF%8D%E8%A5%BF%E8%B7%AF101%E5%B7%B7%29_on_31_October_2017%2C_around_1PM_%28Picture_1%29.jpg/500px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1584" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Embassy area</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Africa_2">Africa</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Africa">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe_2">Europe</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Europe">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_America_2">North America</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: North America">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oceania_2">Oceania</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Oceania">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_America_2">South America</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: South America">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Offices">Offices</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Offices">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg/250px-Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg/375px-Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg/500px-Taipei_World_Trade_Center_International_Trade_Building_20110709.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Office area</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Africa_3">Africa</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Africa">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">de facto state</a>)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asia_2">Asia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Asia">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">Korea, Republic of (South Korea)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="986" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe_3">Europe</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: Europe">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_America_3">North America</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: North America">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oceania_3">Oceania</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: Oceania">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_America_3">South America</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: South America">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multilateral_organization_in_Taiwan">Multilateral organization in Taiwan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: Multilateral organization in Taiwan">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/25px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/38px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/50px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Union</a> Taiwan Office – <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Trade_Office" title="European Economic and Trade Office">European Economic and Trade Office</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Free_trade_agreements">Free trade agreements</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=93" title="Edit section: Free trade agreements">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> – July 2005</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> – February 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> – June 2018</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_organizations">International organizations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=94" title="Edit section: International organizations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg/220px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg/330px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg/440px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Chinese Taipei <a href="/wiki/Deaflympics" title="Deaflympics">Deaflympic</a> flag</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg/220px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg/330px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg/440px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_Games.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a> in the official Olympic Games</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg/220px-Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg/330px-Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg/440px-Chinese_Taipei_Paralympic_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Chinese Taipei <a href="/wiki/Paralympic_Games" title="Paralympic Games">Paralympic</a> flag</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg/220px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg/330px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg/440px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Universiade.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Chinese Taipei <a href="/wiki/Universiade" class="mw-redirect" title="Universiade">Universiade</a> flag</figcaption></figure> Under pressure from the PRC, the ROC has been excluded from, or downgraded in, many international organizations. In other cases, ROC may retain full participation, due to the usage of names such as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>". Notes:<a href="#cite_note-408">[403]</a> <ul><li>Membership in 39 intergovernmental international organizations or their affiliated institutions.</li> <li>Participation in 25 intergovernmental international organizations or their affiliated institutions as observers.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_name">Use of name</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=95" title="Edit section: Use of name">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Participated in 37 intergovernmental international organizations with the name "Chinese Taipei".</li> <li>Participated in 8 intergovernmental international organizations with the name "Republic of China".</li> <li>Participated in 6 intergovernmental international organizations with the name "Taiwan".</li> <li>Participated in 6 intergovernmental international organizations with the name "Taiwan (ROC)".</li> <li>Participated in 5 intergovernmental international organizations with the name "Chinese Taipei".</li></ul> Below is a list of such international organizations with the name by which Taiwan is known in each: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_Council_of_the_United_Nations_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic Council of the United Nations System">Academic Council of the United Nations System</a> (ACUNS) (participates as "Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in New York")<a href="#cite_note-409">[404]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Asia_Pacific_Airlines" title="Association of Asia Pacific Airlines">Association of Asia Pacific Airlines</a> (AAPA) (included as Member Airlines)<a href="#cite_note-410">[405]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asian_Rural_Development_Organization" title="Afro-Asian Rural Development Organization">Afro-Asian Rural Development Organization</a> (AARDO) (participates as "Republic of China (Taiwan)")<a href="#cite_note-411">[406]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_International_Trade_Information_and_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Agency for International Trade Information and Cooperation">Agency for International Trade Information and Cooperation</a> (AITIC) (participates as "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> (AI) (participates as "Taiwan",<a href="#cite_note-412">[407]</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[408]</a><a href="#cite_note-414">[409]</a> ROC's <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> debated and ratified the <a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Civil_and_Political_Rights" title="International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Rights" title="International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights">International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights</a> on 31 March 2009.<a href="#cite_note-415">[410]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Council" title="Asia Council">Asia Council</a> (covered as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-416">[411]</a></li> <li>Asian Federation of Biotechnology (AFOB)<a href="#cite_note-417">[412]</a> (participates as Biochemical Engineering Society of Taiwan (BEST))<a href="#cite_note-418">[413]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Indigenous_Peoples_Pact" title="Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact">Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact</a> (AIPP)<a href="#cite_note-419">[414]</a> (NGO in Special Consultative Status with the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council" title="United Nations Economic and Social Council">United Nations Economic and Social Council</a>, participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-420">[415]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_News_Network" title="Asia News Network">Asia News Network</a> (ANN) (participates as <a href="/wiki/The_China_Post" title="The China Post">The China Post</a>)<a href="#cite_note-421">[416]</a></li> <li>Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI)<a href="#cite_note-422">[417]</a> (participates by <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Agriculture">Council of Agriculture</a>)<a href="#cite_note-423">[418]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia/Pacific_Group_on_Money_Laundering" title="Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering">Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering</a> (APG) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-424">[419]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Regional_Internet_Conference_on_Operational_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies">Asia Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies</a> (APRICOT)(participates as the economy of Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-425">[420]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_and_Oceanian_Stock_Exchanges_Federation" title="Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation">Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation</a> (AOSEF) (participates as "Taiwan Stock Exchange Corp.")<a href="#cite_note-426">[421]</a><a href="#cite_note-427">[422]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Forum_for_Human_Rights_and_Development" title="Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development">Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development</a> (FORUM-ASIA) (participates by Taiwan Association for Human Rights)<a href="#cite_note-428">[423]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Network_of_Major_Cities_21" title="Asian Network of Major Cities 21">Asian Network of Major Cities 21</a> (ANMC21) (participates as Taipei City)<a href="#cite_note-429">[424]</a></li> <li>Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils<a href="#cite_note-430">[425]</a> (AASSREC)(participates as associate member of Academia Sinica – Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-431">[426]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a> (ACM) (presents the <a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a>, participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-432">[427]</a><a href="#cite_note-433">[428]</a></li> <li>Association for Financial Professionals (AFP)<a href="#cite_note-434">[429]</a> (provide country-specific information as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-435">[430]</a></li> <li>Association of Future Markets<a href="#cite_note-436">[431]</a> (AFM) (participates as "Taiwan Futures Exchange" (TAIFEX))<a href="#cite_note-437">[432]</a></li> <li>Association Montessori Internationale<a href="#cite_note-438">[433]</a> (AMI) (officially participates as "Taiwan/China", according to UN's definition of the territory of Taiwan and Taiwan, Province of China, which is separated from China)<a href="#cite_note-439">[434]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a> (ASEAN) (referred to as "Taiwan (ROC)")<a href="#cite_note-440">[435]</a></li> <li>Asian Productivity Organization<a href="#cite_note-441">[436]</a> (APO) (participates as Republic of China)<a href="#cite_note-442">[437]</a><a href="#cite_note-443">[438]</a><a href="#cite_note-444">[439]</a><a href="#cite_note-445">[440]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</a> (APEC) (on the basis of the Memorandum of Understanding of 1991<a href="#cite_note-446">[441]</a><a href="#cite_note-447">[442]</a> and partaking <a href="/wiki/APEC_Business_Travel_Card" title="APEC Business Travel Card">APEC Business Travel Card</a> scheme) (participates as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-448">[443]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank</a> (ADB) (participates as "Taipei,China")<a href="#cite_note-449">[444]</a><a href="#cite_note-451">[note 6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank_Institute" title="Asian Development Bank Institute">Asian Development Bank Institute</a> (ADBI) (located in the <a href="/wiki/Kasumigaseki_Building" title="Kasumigaseki Building">Kasumigaseki Building</a>, participates as Taipei, China)<a href="#cite_note-452">[446]</a><a href="#cite_note-453">[447]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Information_Systems" title="Association for Information Systems">Association for Information Systems</a> (AIS) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-454">[448]</a></li> <li>Association of Asian Election Authorities<a href="#cite_note-455">[449]</a> (AAEA) (participates as Republic of China (Taiwan))<a href="#cite_note-456">[450]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Network_Information_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre">Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre</a> (APNIC) (participates as the economy of Taiwan by Taiwan Network Information Center)<a href="#cite_note-457">[451]</a><a href="#cite_note-458">[452]</a></li> <li>Asian-Pacific Parliamentarians' Union (APPU)<a href="#cite_note-459">[453]</a> (held the 16th and 40th plenary meeting, participates as Republic of China)<a href="#cite_note-460">[454]</a><a href="#cite_note-461">[455]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">Bank for International Settlements</a> (BIS) (referred to as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-462">[456]</a></li> <li>Belmont Forum<a href="#cite_note-463">[457]</a> (Belmont Forum is a member of the Science and Technology Alliance for Global Sustainability,<a href="#cite_note-464">[458]</a> engaged by <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)">Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)</a><a href="#cite_note-465">[459]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botanic_Gardens_Conservation_International" title="Botanic Gardens Conservation International">Botanic Gardens Conservation International</a> (BGCI) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-466">[460]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boao_Forum_for_Asia" title="Boao Forum for Asia">Boao Forum for Asia</a> (BFA) (participates as "<a href="/wiki/Cross-Straits_Common_Market_Foundation" title="Cross-Straits Common Market Foundation">Cross-Straits Common Market Foundation</a>"<a href="#cite_note-467">[461]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-468">[462]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_Centralamericano_de_Integraci%C3%B3n_Economico" class="mw-redirect" title="Banco Centralamericano de Integración Economico">Banco Centralamericano de Integración Economico</a> (BCIE or CABEI) (participates as Republic of China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a> (administers international <a href="/wiki/Distance_education" title="Distance education">distance education</a> exams and professional exams and on behalf of other international <a href="/wiki/Exam_boards" class="mw-redirect" title="Exam boards">exam boards</a> in Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-469">[463]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community</a> (CARICOM) (with Member States of Belize, Haiti, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines recognising Republic of China)</li> <li>Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development (CEERD)<a href="#cite_note-470">[464]</a> (in contact with as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-471">[465]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_International" title="Conservation International">Conservation International</a> (CI) (listed in the annual Ocean Health Index)<a href="#cite_note-472">[466]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumers_International" title="Consumers International">Consumers International</a> (CI) (participates as "Consumers Foundation Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-473">[467]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_Security_Cooperation_in_the_Asia_Pacific" title="Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific">Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific</a> (CSCAP) (participates as "participant with individual capacity"<a href="#cite_note-474">[468]</a><a href="#cite_note-475">[469]</a> in this "Track Two of Asia-Pacific Diplomacy"<a href="#cite_note-476">[470]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-477">[471]</a><a href="#cite_note-478">[472]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_on_Tall_Buildings_and_Urban_Habitat" title="Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat">Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat</a> (CTBUH) (participates as Taiwan, China)<a href="#cite_note-479">[473]</a><a href="#cite_note-480">[474]</a><a href="#cite_note-481">[475]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Cyberscience_Centre" title="Citizen Cyberscience Centre">Citizen Cyberscience Centre</a> (CCC)<a href="#cite_note-482">[476]</a> (founded by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Training_and_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Training and Research">United Nations Institute for Training and Research</a>, participates by Academia Sinica)</li> <li>Cumulus<a href="#cite_note-483">[477]</a> (recognised by UNESCO since 2011, participates as Taiwan(China))<a href="#cite_note-484">[478]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_International" title="Education International">Education International</a> (EI) (participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-485">[479]</a><a href="#cite_note-486">[480]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egmont_Group_of_Financial_Intelligence_Units" title="Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units">Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units</a> (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-487">[481]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (EBRD) (has a long-standing cooperation with the EBRD as "Taipei China")<a href="#cite_note-488">[482]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Patent_Office" title="European Patent Office">European Patent Office</a> (EPO) (included in the Asian Patent Information as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-489">[483]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Organization_for_Nuclear_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="European Organization for Nuclear Research">European Organization for Nuclear Research</a> (CERN) (has scientific contacts as China (Taipei))<a href="#cite_note-490">[484]</a><a href="#cite_note-491">[485]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Fertilizer_Technology_Center" title="Food and Fertilizer Technology Center">Food and Fertilizer Technology Center</a><a href="#cite_note-492">[486]</a> (FFTC) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-493">[487]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Access_to_Law_Movement" title="Free Access to Law Movement">Free Access to Law Movement</a> (FALM) (participates as Taiwan Legal Information Institute)<a href="#cite_note-494">[488]</a><a href="#cite_note-495">[489]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Pharmacopoeia" title="European Pharmacopoeia">European Pharmacopoeia</a> (participates as an observer by Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA) of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_and_Welfare_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Health and Welfare (Republic of China)">Ministry of Health and Welfare (Republic of China)</a>)<a href="#cite_note-496">[490]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Research_Council" title="European Research Council">European Research Council</a> (ERC) (a member of National Contact Points of ERC funding opportunities, participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-497">[491]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a> (ESO) (participates the <a href="/wiki/Atacama_Large_Millimeter_Array" title="Atacama Large Millimeter Array">Atacama Large Millimeter Array/submillimeter Array (ALMA)</a> project by <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> (AS) in Taiwan, and the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC) (now (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (Republic of China)">Ministry of Science and Technology (Republic of China)</a>)))<a href="#cite_note-498">[492]</a><a href="#cite_note-499">[493]</a><a href="#cite_note-500">[494]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairtrade_Labelling_Organizations_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International">Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International</a> (FLO) (participates as Fairtrade Taipei City)<a href="#cite_note-501">[495]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_Philat%C3%A9lie" title="Fédération Internationale de Philatélie">Fédération Internationale de Philatélie</a> (FIP) (in partnership with <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Postal_Administration" title="United Nations Postal Administration">United Nations Postal Administration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a>, participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-502">[496]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a> (FAO) (due to PRC's political pressure, participates in various subsidiary organizations as "China – Taipei", including Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Asia and Pacific Seed Association)<a href="#cite_note-503">[497]</a></li> <li>FIABCI<a href="#cite_note-504">[498]</a> (participates as "Chinese Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-505">[499]</a></li> <li>FreedomInfo.org<a href="#cite_note-506">[500]</a> (links the efforts of <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">freedom of information</a> advocates globally, included as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-507">[501]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a> (participates as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Lodge_of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grand Lodge of China (page does not exist)">Grand Lodge of China</a>)<a href="#cite_note-508">[502]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_International_Education" title="Institute of International Education">Institute of International Education</a> (IIE) (participates through the <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulbright program">Fulbright program</a><a href="#cite_note-fulbright.org.tw-307">[302]</a> of <a href="/wiki/Council_for_International_Exchange_of_Scholars" title="Council for International Exchange of Scholars">Council for International Exchange of Scholars</a><a href="#cite_note-509">[503]</a> as Taiwan (Republic of China))<a href="#cite_note-510">[504]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Basketball_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Basketball Federation">International Basketball Federation</a> (FIBA) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-511">[505]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_Football_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération Internationale de Football Association">Fédération Internationale de Football Association</a> (FIFA) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-512">[506]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> (HRW) (involved as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-513">[507]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFEX_(organization)" title="IFEX (organization)">IFEX</a> (spotlighted as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-514">[508]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Horticultural_Producers" class="mw-redirect" title="International Association of Horticultural Producers">International Association of Horticultural Producers</a> (AIPH) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-515">[509]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Public_Transport" title="International Association of Public Transport">International Association of Public Transport</a> (UITP) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-516">[510]</a><a href="#cite_note-517">[511]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> (IAEA) (signed a trilateral agreement<a href="#cite_note-518">[512]</a> with the United States and the IAEA in 1971 stating that ROC continue to abide by the terms of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Non-Proliferation_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons</a>. While not a member of the IAEA, Taiwan does continue to subscribe to the IAEA's safeguards under two agreements, INFCIRC/133 and INFCIRC/158.<a href="#cite_note-519">[513]</a>)</li> <li>International Association of Judges<a href="#cite_note-520">[514]</a><a href="#cite_note-521">[515]</a> (IAJ) (as a professional and non-political international organization, that the association has consultative status with the United Nations (namely the International Labour Office and the U.N. Economic and Social Council) and with the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a>, participates as "Republic of China (Taiwan)")<a href="#cite_note-522">[516]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association" title="International Air Transport Association">International Air Transport Association</a> (IATA)(included as Taiwan/Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-523">[517]</a><a href="#cite_note-524">[518]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Bar_Association" title="International Bar Association">International Bar Association</a> (IBA) (participates section-ally as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-525">[519]</a><a href="#cite_note-526">[520]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Baccalaureate" title="International Baccalaureate">International Baccalaureate</a> (IB)<a href="#cite_note-527">[521]</a> (There are 4 IB World Schools in Taiwan offering one or more of the three IB programmes;<a href="#cite_note-528">[522]</a> however, there currently there are no universities in Taiwan recognising IB.<a href="#cite_note-529">[523]</a>)</li> <li>International Business Innovation Association (IBIA) (participates by <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Information_Industry" title="Institute for Information Industry">Institute for Information Industry</a>)<a href="#cite_note-530">[524]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines">International Campaign to Ban Landmines</a> (ICBL) (included as Taiwan CBL)<a href="#cite_note-531">[525]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="International Chamber of Commerce">International Chamber of Commerce</a> (ICC)<a href="#cite_note-532">[526]</a> (ICC participates in the activities of <a href="/wiki/UNCTAD" class="mw-redirect" title="UNCTAD">UNCTAD</a>,<a href="#cite_note-533">[527]</a> including <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Arbitration" title="International Court of Arbitration">International Court of Arbitration</a>,<a href="#cite_note-534">[528]</a> participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-535">[529]</a><a href="#cite_note-536">[530]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_of_Jurists" title="International Commission of Jurists">International Commission of Jurists</a> (ICJ) (affiliates by the Taipei Bar Association<a href="#cite_note-537">[531]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-538">[532]</a><a href="#cite_note-539">[533]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Competition_Network" title="International Competition Network">International Competition Network</a> (ICN) (participates as Taiwan Fair Trade Commission)<a href="#cite_note-540">[534]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Congress_and_Convention_Association" title="International Congress and Convention Association">International Congress and Convention Association</a> (ICCA) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-541">[535]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Museums" title="International Council of Museums">International Council of Museums</a> (ICM) (participates as Taiwan in the Board of ICM)<a href="#cite_note-542">[536]</a><a href="#cite_note-543">[537]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cospas-Sarsat_Programme" title="International Cospas-Sarsat Programme">International Cospas-Sarsat Programme</a> (Cospas-Sarsat) (participates as International Telecommunication Development Company (Chinese Taipei) (ITDC))<a href="#cite_note-544">[538]</a></li> <li>International Council on Social Welfare (ICSW)<a href="#cite_note-545">[539]</a> (participates as "Taiwan" in the ICSW North East Asia Region)<a href="#cite_note-546">[540]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Women" title="International Council of Women">International Council of Women</a> (ICW) (participates as Taiwan, Republic of China)<a href="#cite_note-547">[541]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_for_the_Evaluation_of_Educational_Achievement" title="International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement">International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement</a> (IEA) (originally associated from the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>,<a href="#cite_note-548">[542]</a><a href="#cite_note-549">[543]</a> participates as "Chinese Taipei".)<a href="#cite_note-550">[544]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_for_Information_Technology_in_Government_Administration" title="International Council for Information Technology in Government Administration">International Council for Information Technology in Government Administration</a> (ICA)<a href="#cite_note-551">[545]</a> (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-552">[546]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_for_Science" title="International Council for Science">International Council for Science</a> (ICSU) (participates as China: Taipei, Academy of Sciences located in Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-553">[547]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Graphic_Design_Associations" class="mw-redirect" title="International Council of Graphic Design Associations">International Council of Graphic Design Associations</a> (Icograda) (with international alliances of <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>'s Global Alliance for Cultural Diversity, <a href="/wiki/UNIDO" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIDO">UNIDO</a> and <a href="/wiki/WIPO" class="mw-redirect" title="WIPO">WIPO</a>,<a href="#cite_note-554">[548]</a> participates as Taiwan (Chinese Taipei))<a href="#cite_note-555">[549]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Societies_of_Industrial_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="International Council of Societies of Industrial Design">International Council of Societies of Industrial Design</a> (ICSID) (participates as Taiwan (Chinese Taipei))<a href="#cite_note-556">[550]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Democrat_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="International Democrat Union">International Democrat Union</a> (IDU) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-557">[551]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a> (IEA) (included as a non-member country as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-558">[552]</a></li> <li>International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organization<a href="#cite_note-559">[553]</a> (IFRRO) (participates as Chinese Oral & Literary Copyright Collective Management Association)<a href="#cite_note-560">[554]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_of_Administrative_Sciences" title="International Institute of Administrative Sciences">International Institute of Administrative Sciences</a> (IIAS) (participates as "Taiwan, China")<a href="#cite_note-561">[555]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Democracy_and_Electoral_Assistance" title="International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance">International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance</a> (International IDEA) (listed in the <a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">voter turnout</a> data as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-562">[556]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Renewable_Energy_Agency" title="International Renewable Energy Agency">International Renewable Energy Agency</a> (IREA) (referred to as "Taiwan" as IREA is co-hosted in the Steering Committee in the <a href="/wiki/REN21" title="REN21">REN21</a>)<a href="#cite_note-563">[557]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Press_Institute" title="International Press Institute">International Press Institute</a>(IPI)(participates as Taiwan (ROC))<a href="#cite_note-564">[558]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a> (IEEE)<a href="#cite_note-565">[559]</a> (participates as "IEEE Taipei Section"<a href="#cite_note-566">[560]</a> and "IEEE Tainan Section"<a href="#cite_note-567">[561]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_International_Finance" title="Institute of International Finance">Institute of International Finance</a> (IIF) (participates as <a href="/wiki/Mega_International_Commercial_Bank" title="Mega International Commercial Bank">Mega International Commercial Bank</a>, "Taiwan, China")<a href="#cite_note-568">[562]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Agricultural_Producers" title="International Federation of Agricultural Producers">International Federation of Agricultural Producers</a> (IFAP) (participates as "Taiwan Provincial Farmers Association")<a href="#cite_note-569">[563]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_for_Human_Rights" title="International Federation for Human Rights">International Federation for Human Rights</a> (FIDH) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-570">[564]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Journalists" title="International Federation of Journalists">International Federation of Journalists</a> (IFJ) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-571">[565]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a> (ILO) (referred to as "Taiwan, Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-572">[566]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Life_Saving_Federation" title="International Life Saving Federation">International Life Saving Federation</a> (ILSF) (referred to as "Taiwan, China")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">International Maritime Organization</a> (IMO) (referred to as "Taiwan, Province of China")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF) (referred to as "Taiwan Province of China"<a href="#cite_note-573">[567]</a><a href="#cite_note-574">[568]</a> and enhances ROC's sovereignty by indirectly channeling IMF through the Special Exchange Rate Agreement signed with the WTO<a href="#cite_note-575">[569]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-576">[570]</a><a href="#cite_note-577">[571]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Network_for_Quality_Assurance_Agencies_in_Higher_Education" title="International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education">International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education</a><a href="#cite_note-578">[572]</a> (INQAAHE)<a href="#cite_note-579">[573]</a> (participates as observer as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-580">[574]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Narcotics_Control_Board" title="International Narcotics Control Board">International Narcotics Control Board</a> (INCB) (referred to as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-581">[575]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC) (participates as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei_at_the_Olympics" title="Chinese Taipei at the Olympics">Chinese Taipei</a>" and bid for <a href="/wiki/2019_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Asian Games">2019 Asian Games</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Taipei_City_Government" title="Taipei City Government">Taipei City Government</a><a href="#cite_note-582">[576]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-583">[577]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (ICRC) remains unofficial relations with the ICRC and referred as the "Taiwan Red Cross Organization" under the category of Public Sources.<a href="#cite_note-584">[578]</a> (see page 476)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Audit_Bureaux_of_Circulations" title="International Federation of Audit Bureaux of Circulations">International Federation of Audit Bureaux of Circulations</a> (IFABC) (participates as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-585">[579]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Institute_of_Business_Analysis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Institute of Business Analysis (page does not exist)">International Institute of Business Analysis</a> (IIBA) (Endorsed Education Provided by Maestro Project Management Consultants Co., Ltd)<a href="#cite_note-586">[580]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Law_Association" title="International Law Association">International Law Association</a> (ILA) (participates as "Chinese (Taiwan) branch")<a href="#cite_note-587">[581]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Police_Association" title="International Police Association">International Police Association</a> (IPA) (Invited to join as Foreign Associate Members (FAMs))<a href="#cite_note-588">[582]</a></li> <li>International Police Executive Symposium<a href="#cite_note-589">[583]</a> (IPES) (IPES is in special consultative status by the United Nations,<a href="#cite_note-590">[584]</a> contains World Police Encyclopedia,<a href="#cite_note-591">[585]</a> assigned as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-592">[586]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterAcademy_Panel" class="mw-redirect" title="InterAcademy Panel">InterAcademy Panel</a> (IAP) (participates as Academia Sinica, Taipei, China)<a href="#cite_note-593">[587]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Social_Security_Association" title="International Social Security Association">International Social Security Association</a> (ISSA) (participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-594">[588]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU) (included in the National Numbering Plan as "Taiwan, China")<a href="#cite_note-595">[589]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a> (ITC) (participates as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-596">[590]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a> (ITUC) (participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-597">[591]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Transport_Workers%27_Federation" title="International Transport Workers' Federation">International Transport Workers' Federation</a> (ITF) (participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-598">[592]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Railways" title="International Union of Railways">International Union of Railways</a> (UIC) (participates as "Taiwan (China)")<a href="#cite_note-599">[593]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Forest_Research_Organizations" title="International Union of Forest Research Organizations">International Union of Forest Research Organizations</a> (IUFRO) (participates as "China -Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-600">[594]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Society" title="Internet Society">Internet Society</a>(ISoc)(participates as ISOC Taiwan Chapter)<a href="#cite_note-601">[595]</a><a href="#cite_note-602">[596]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_of_Securities_Commissions" title="International Organization of Securities Commissions">International Organization of Securities Commissions</a>(IOSCO)(works intensively with the <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Stability_Board" title="Financial Stability Board">Financial Stability Board</a> (FSB) on the global regulatory reform agenda,<a href="#cite_note-603">[597]</a> participates as Affiliate Members of IOSCO as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-604">[598]</a><a href="#cite_note-605">[599]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Physics" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Physics">International Union of Pure and Applied Physics</a>(IUPAP)(participates as China: The Physical Society located in Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-606">[600]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Historical_Cities" title="League of Historical Cities">League of Historical Cities</a><a href="#cite_note-607">[601]</a> (participates as Tainan, "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-608">[602]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metal_Exchange" title="London Metal Exchange">London Metal Exchange</a> (LME) (the largest metal stock exchange in the world, approved <a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung" title="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>, Taiwan as a good delivery point for primary aluminium, <a href="/wiki/Aluminium_alloy" title="Aluminium alloy">aluminium alloy</a>, copper, lead, <a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">nickel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> and as the LME's ninth location in Asia on 17 June 2013.)<a href="#cite_note-609">[603]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a> (NASA) (participates as <a href="/wiki/National_Space_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="National Space Organization">National Space Organization</a>)<a href="#cite_note-610">[604]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic Treaty Organization">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> (NATO) (referred to as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-611">[605]</a><a href="#cite_note-612">[606]</a><a href="#cite_note-613">[607]</a></li> <li>North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC) (participates as "Chinese Taipei" as a fishing entity)<a href="#cite_note-614">[608]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> (OECD) (participates as "Chinese Taipei" as an observer)<a href="#cite_note-615">[609]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Petroleum_Exporting_Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries">Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries</a> (OPEC) (listed by economic cooperation as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-616">[610]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> (PIF) (conducts regular dialogue as Taiwan/ROC Forum countries dialogue and issues diplomatic Joint Statement at each dialogue conference)<a href="#cite_note-617">[611]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_Council" title="Pacific Economic Cooperation Council">Pacific Economic Cooperation Council</a> (PECC) (participates as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-618">[612]</a></li> <li>Property Rights Alliance (PRA) (indexed as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-619">[613]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Services_International" title="Public Services International">Public Services International</a> (PSI) (participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-620">[614]</a><a href="#cite_note-621">[615]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Fisheries_Management_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Fisheries Management Organisation">Regional Fisheries Management Organisation</a> (RFMOs) (participates as a fishing entity on the basis of United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement)<a href="#cite_note-622">[616]</a><a href="#cite_note-623">[617]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> (RWB) (included as "Taiwan"<a href="#cite_note-624">[618]</a> and first Asian Bureau opened in 2017 by RWB in <a href="/wiki/Taipei_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Taipei City">Taipei City</a><a href="#cite_note-625">[619]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" title="Central American Integration System">Sistema de Integración Centroamericana</a> (SICA) (participates as Republic of China as the Extra-regional Observer)<a href="#cite_note-626">[620]</a><a href="#cite_note-627">[621]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a> (SDGs) (to replace the UN <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goals" title="Millennium Development Goals">Millennium Development Goals</a> once they expire at the end of 2015, included as Taiwan in the <a href="/wiki/World_Happiness_Report" title="World Happiness Report">World Happiness Report</a> of United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network)<a href="#cite_note-628">[622]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_East_Asian_Central_Banks_Research_and_Training_Centre" title="South East Asian Central Banks Research and Training Centre">SEACEN</a><a href="#cite_note-629">[623]</a> (participates as Central Bank, "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-630">[624]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Accord" title="Seoul Accord">Seoul Accord</a> (participates as IEET(Chinese Taipei))<a href="#cite_note-631">[625]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_East_Asia_Regional_Computer_Confederation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South East Asia Regional Computer Confederation (page does not exist)">South East Asia Regional Computer Confederation</a> (SEARCC) (SEARCC is an affiliate member of the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_for_Information_Processing" title="International Federation for Information Processing">International Federation for Information Processing</a>,<a href="#cite_note-632">[626]</a> participates as Taiwan-Computer Society of Republic of China)<a href="#cite_note-633">[627]</a></li> <li>Study Group on Asian Tax Administration and Research (SGATAR)<a href="#cite_note-634">[628]</a> (participates as Chinese Taipei)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit_for_Democracy" title="Summit for Democracy">Summit for Democracy</a> (participates as Taiwan)<a href="#cite_note-635">[629]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> (TI) (to lend impetus on the formation of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Corruption" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Convention against Corruption">United Nations Convention against Corruption</a> and <a href="/wiki/OECD_Anti-Bribery_Convention" title="OECD Anti-Bribery Convention">OECD Anti-Bribery Convention</a>, participates as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-636">[630]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Academic_Impact" title="United Nations Academic Impact">United Nations Academic Impact</a> (UNAI) (participates as "China")<a href="#cite_note-637">[631]</a><a href="#cite_note-638">[632]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Children%27s_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Children's Fund">United Nations Children's Fund</a> (UNICEF) (referred to as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-639">[633]</a><a href="#cite_note-640">[634]</a><a href="#cite_note-641">[635]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Commission_on_International_Trade_Law" title="United Nations Commission on International Trade Law">United Nations Commission on International Trade Law</a> (UNCITRAL) (to be considered separately from <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">PRC</a>, but has not attained neither CISG<a href="#cite_note-642">[636]</a> status nor Model Law status<a href="#cite_note-643">[637]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">United Nations Conference on Trade and Development</a> (UNCTAD) (referred to as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-644">[638]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a> (UN/DESA) (assorted as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-645">[639]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacific" title="United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific">United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific</a> (UNESCAP) (over-sighted as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-646">[640]</a><a href="#cite_note-647">[641]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Settlements_Programme" title="United Nations Human Settlements Programme">United Nations Human Settlements Programme</a> (UN–HABITAT) (included as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-648">[642]</a><a href="#cite_note-649">[643]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization" title="United Nations Industrial Development Organization">United Nations Industrial Development Organization</a> (UNIDO) (referred to as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-650">[644]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Disarmament_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research">United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research</a> (UNIDIR) (researched and referred as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-651">[645]</a><a href="#cite_note-652">[646]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_International_Strategy_for_Disaster_Reduction" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction">United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction</a> (UNISDR) (covered as Taiwan (China))<a href="#cite_note-653">[647]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime</a> (UNODC) (referred to as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-654">[648]</a><a href="#cite_note-655">[649]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Research_Institute_for_Social_Development" title="United Nations Research Institute for Social Development">United Nations Research Institute for Social Development</a> (UNRISD) (researched as "Taiwan Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-656">[650]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Statistics_Division" title="United Nations Statistics Division">United Nations Statistics Division</a> (UNSD) (referred to as Taiwan, Province of China)<a href="#cite_note-657">[651]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a> (UPU) (removed and excluded by UPU in 1972; "Taiwan's" <a href="/wiki/Chunghwa_Post" title="Chunghwa Post">Chunghwa Post</a> continually providing the <a href="/wiki/Postal_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal services">postal services</a> as a <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">non-recognised</a> postal <a href="/wiki/Legal_entity" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal entity">entity</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization" title="Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization">Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization</a> (UNPO) (participates as "Taiwan")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Accord_(credentials)" title="Washington Accord (credentials)">Washington Accord</a> (International Engineering Alliance) (participates as Chinese Taipei)<a href="#cite_note-658">[652]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Girl_Guides_and_Girl_Scouts" title="World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts">World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts</a> (WAGGGS) (participates as "Taiwan", also note that there is no national member of WAGGGS in PRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> (WB) (covered separately<a href="#cite_note-659">[653]</a> in the Private Sector section,<a href="#cite_note-660">[654]</a> included as the economy of Taiwan, China)<a href="#cite_note-661">[655]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Confederation_of_Labour" title="World Confederation of Labour">World Confederation of Labour</a> (WCL) (participates as "Taiwan")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> (WEF) (officially listed as "Taiwan, China")<a href="#cite_note-662">[656]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Energy_Council" title="World Energy Council">World Energy Council</a> (WEC) (participates as "Taiwan, China")<a href="#cite_note-663">[657]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Exchanges" title="World Federation of Exchanges">World Federation of Exchanges</a> (WFE) (participates as "<a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Stock_Exchange" title="Taiwan Stock Exchange">Taiwan Stock Exchange</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Futures_Exchange" title="Taiwan Futures Exchange">Taiwan Futures Exchange</a>")<a href="#cite_note-664">[658]</a><a href="#cite_note-665">[659]</a><a href="#cite_note-666">[660]</a> Under the umbrella of World Federation of Exchanges, <a href="/wiki/MSCI" title="MSCI">MSCI</a> includes Taiwan as MSCI Taiwan Index.<a href="#cite_note-667">[661]</a> In addition, <a href="/wiki/London_Metal_Exchange" title="London Metal Exchange">London Metal Exchange</a> is participated under <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a> in association with the World Federation of Exchanges in relation with Taiwan Future Exchange.<a href="#cite_note-668">[662]</a><a href="#cite_note-669">[663]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) (In the <a href="/wiki/Outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="Outbreak">outbreak</a> of <a href="/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe acute respiratory syndrome">Severe acute respiratory syndrome</a> and with the concern of <a href="/wiki/Disease_surveillance" title="Disease surveillance">Disease surveillance</a>, was invited as "Chinese Taipei" on the case-by-case basis.<a href="#cite_note-670">[664]</a> with its relations with the WHO being governed by a Memorandum of Understanding dated 14 May 2005 between the PRC and the WHO.<a href="#cite_note-671">[665]</a> The health insurance scheme in Taiwan is referenced on the <a href="/wiki/WHO" class="mw-redirect" title="WHO">WHO</a> publication.<a href="#cite_note-672">[666]</a> Chinese Taipei is invited as an <a href="/wiki/Observer_status" title="Observer status">observer status</a> in the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Assembly" title="World Health Assembly">World Health Assembly</a> on the basis of <a href="/wiki/Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="Resolution 2758">Resolution 2758</a> and the condition of <a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-673">[667]</a> On 21 May 2018, 15 out of the 18 UN member states which then recognised the ROC (thus excluding Guatemala, Honduras and Palau) voiced support for the WHA observer status.<a href="#cite_note-674">[668]</a> This included Burkina Faso, which cut ties with the ROC only three days later, establishing ties with the PRC instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldwatch_Institute" title="Worldwatch Institute">Worldwatch Institute</a> (WI) (in partnership as Taiwan Watch)<a href="#cite_note-675">[669]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">World Intellectual Property Organization</a> (WIPO) (not a signatory of the <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a>, referred to as "Taiwan, Province of China")<a href="#cite_note-676">[670]</a><a href="#cite_note-677">[671]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Medical_Association" title="World Medical Association">World Medical Association</a> (WMA)<a href="#cite_note-678">[672]</a> (participates as "Taiwan" by the Taiwan Medical Association)<a href="#cite_note-679">[673]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> (WMO) (signed and ratified the Convention of the World Meteorological Organization on 2 March 1951, cited as "Taiwan region")<a href="#cite_note-680">[674]</a><a href="#cite_note-681">[675]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Organisation_for_Animal_Health" title="World Organisation for Animal Health">World Organisation for Animal Health</a> (OIE) (participates as "Taipei (Chinese)")<a href="#cite_note-682">[676]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Organization_of_the_Scout_Movement" title="World Organization of the Scout Movement">World Organization of the Scout Movement</a> (WOSM) (participates as "<a href="/wiki/Scouts_of_China" title="Scouts of China">Scouts of China</a>")</li> <li>World Tax (founded by <a href="/wiki/Euromoney_Institutional_Investor_PLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC">Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC</a>, participates as "Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-683">[677]</a><a href="#cite_note-684">[678]</a><a href="#cite_note-685">[679]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Centers_Association" title="World Trade Centers Association">World Trade Centers Association</a> (WTCA) (participates as World Trade Center Taipei, World Trade Center Taichung and World Trade Center Kaohsiung)<a href="#cite_note-686">[680]</a><a href="#cite_note-687">[681]</a><a href="#cite_note-688">[682]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> (WTO) (full membership as "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu" (Chinese Taipei) and delegated by the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent Mission">Permanent Mission</a> of the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Mastu to the WTO in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>.<a href="#cite_note-689">[683]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-690">[684]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Veterans_Federation" title="World Veterans Federation">World Veterans Federation</a> (WVF) (participates as "R.O.C. on Taiwan")<a href="#cite_note-691">[685]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_agreements">International agreements</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=96" title="Edit section: International agreements">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. (March 2011)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> ROC is a party to major international treaties, including: <ul><li>Article 33<a href="#cite_note-692">[686]</a><a href="#cite_note-693">[687]</a> of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a>.</li> <li>Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with United States of America.<a href="#cite_note-ustraveldocs.com-694">[688]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metre_Convention" title="Metre Convention">Metre Convention</a> (associate as "Chinese Taipei")<a href="#cite_note-695">[689]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Framework_Agreement" title="Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement">Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement</a> with PRC (signed between <a href="/wiki/Straits_Exchange_Foundation" title="Straits Exchange Foundation">Straits Exchange Foundation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Relations_Across_the_Taiwan_Straits" title="Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits">Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits</a> – for ROC and PRC respectively<a href="#cite_note-696">[690]</a> and included the topic of direct flights,<a href="#cite_note-697">[691]</a> and with the improving relations between mainland China and Taiwan, <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Hong_Kong" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong">Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong</a><a href="#cite_note-698">[692]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Macau" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau">Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau</a> was officially launched in Hong Kong and Macau, also <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Economic,_Trade_and_Cultural_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office">Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office</a><a href="#cite_note-699">[693]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macau_Economic_and_Cultural_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Economic and Cultural Office">Macau Economic and Cultural Office</a> was opened in Taiwan)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territorial_disputes">Territorial disputes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=97" title="Edit section: Territorial disputes">edit</a>]</div> The ROC claims islands in the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> on the same basis as its claim to historical Chinese territory retaining the borders dated prior to the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Proclamation of the People's Republic of China">establishment of the PRC</a> including <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Outer_Mongolia" title="Outer Mongolia">Outer Mongolia</a>. Unlike its claims on the Asian mainland, however, the ROC actively pursues and defends some of its claims to these islands.<a href="#cite_note-700">[694]</a> These include all of the <a href="/wiki/Spratly_Islands" title="Spratly Islands">Spratly Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Paracel_Islands" title="Paracel Islands">Paracel Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macclesfield_Bank" title="Macclesfield Bank">Macclesfield Bank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal" title="Scarborough Shoal">Scarborough Shoal</a>. These islands are administered by a number of governments around the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a>. The ROC also claims the <a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands" title="Senkaku Islands">Senkaku Islands</a>, which are administered by Japan.<a href="#cite_note-701">[695]</a> Because <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a> and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> did not invite the Republic of China to participate in the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea", the Republic of China did not recognize it.<a href="#cite_note-702">[696]</a> The PRC, in turn, asserts itself as the sole legitimate government of China, and claims all territories administered by the ROC.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specialized_diplomacy">Specialized diplomacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=98" title="Edit section: Specialized diplomacy">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culinary_diplomacy">Culinary diplomacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=99" title="Edit section: Culinary diplomacy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culinary_diplomacy#Taiwan" title="Culinary diplomacy">Culinary diplomacy § Taiwan</a></div> Taiwan emphasizes its <a href="/wiki/Night_markets_in_Taiwan" title="Night markets in Taiwan">night markets</a><a href="#cite_note-703">[697]</a> and the high rate of <a href="/wiki/Vegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan">vegan</a> eateries<a href="#cite_note-704">[698]</a> among other aspects of its culinary culture in an effort to promote the nation globally. In 2010, Taiwan launched a £20m <a href="/wiki/Culinary_diplomacy" title="Culinary diplomacy">culinary diplomacy</a> campaign.<a href="#cite_note-705">[699]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_diplomacy">Medical diplomacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=100" title="Edit section: Medical diplomacy">edit</a>]</div> Taiwan's <a href="/wiki/Medical_diplomacy" title="Medical diplomacy">medical diplomacy</a> began in 1961 with a team of medical professionals sent to Libya.<a href="#cite_note-Sentinel_2019-706">[700]</a> In 2018 Taiwan set up a 2 million dollar healthcare fund for its Pacific <a href="/wiki/Island_nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Island nation">island nation</a> allies.<a href="#cite_note-707">[701]</a> Taiwan officially refers to most of its medical diplomacy as public health diplomacy.<a href="#cite_note-708">[702]</a> Medical diplomacy has formed a key part of Taiwan's outreach to regional countries, especially in Southeast Asia. It is one of the five key components of the New Southbound Policy. Unlike medical diplomacy under previous programs under the NSP medical diplomacy is not focused on providing direct medical care or basic public health programs but on providing high-level professional skill transfers.<a href="#cite_note-Sentinel_2019-706">[700]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Epidemic_prevention_diplomacy">Epidemic prevention diplomacy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=101" title="Edit section: Epidemic prevention diplomacy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan" title="Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan">Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan</a></div> Local media has referred to Taiwan's medical diplomacy related to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> as "epidemic prevention diplomacy".<a href="#cite_note-709">[703]</a> In March 2020 Australia and Taiwan agreed to exchange 1 million liters of Australian <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">alcohol</a> to be used in making <a href="/wiki/Hand_sanitizer" title="Hand sanitizer">hand sanitizer</a> for 3 metric tons of Taiwanese <a href="/wiki/Nonwoven_fabric" title="Nonwoven fabric">nonwoven fabric</a> to be used in making facial masks.<a href="#cite_note-710">[704]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport_and_communications">Transport and communications</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=102" title="Edit section: Transport and communications">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_links">Air links</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=103" title="Edit section: Air links">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_(B-162_24310_778)_(4528145712).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg/220px-CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg/330px-CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg/440px-CHINA_AIRLINES_B747-409_%28B-162_24310_778%29_%284528145712%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2765" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a> <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-400" title="Boeing 747-400">Boeing 747-400</a> in old livery, bearing the <a href="/wiki/ROC_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="ROC flag">ROC flag</a>.</figcaption></figure> The dispute over Taiwan's status affects the island's air links with the outside world, particularly Europe, North America and Australia. For many years, <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Airlines" title="Mandarin Airlines">Mandarin Airlines</a>, a subsidiary of Taiwan's national airline, <a href="/wiki/China_Airlines" title="China Airlines">China Airlines</a> (CAL), served many international destinations that CAL did not because of political sensitivities. However, in 1995 CAL dropped the <a href="/wiki/National_colours" title="National colours">national colours</a> from its <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_livery" title="Aircraft livery">livery</a>, and now flies to international destinations under its own name. Many countries' national airlines similarly set up special subsidiaries, known as "shadow airlines", to operate services to Taipei, with a different name, and livery omitting national symbols. <a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a>' subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/British_Asia_Airways" title="British Asia Airways">British Asia Airways</a>, operated flights to London, <a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a>'s subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/KLM_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="KLM Asia">KLM Asia</a>, operated flights to <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swissair" title="Swissair">Swissair</a>'s subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/Swissair#Swissair_Asia" title="Swissair">Swissair Asia</a>, operated flights to <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_France#Air_France_Asie_and_Air_France_Cargo_Asie" title="Air France">Air France Asie</a> operated flights to Paris, <a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Air Lines">Japan Air Lines</a> established a subsidiary called <a href="/wiki/Japan_Asia_Airways" title="Japan Asia Airways">Japan Asia Airways</a> to operate flights to Tokyo, while <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> had a subsidiary called <a href="/wiki/Australia_Asia_Airlines" title="Australia Asia Airlines">Australia Asia Airlines</a>, which operated flights to Sydney. These subsidiaries ceased operations when their parent companies were privatized or went bankrupt (in Swissair's case), with KLM Asia being the only remaining active shadow subsidiary. Other countries' flag carriers, such as Germany's <a href="/wiki/Lufthansa" title="Lufthansa">Lufthansa</a>, operated flights to Taipei using an existing subsidiary (in Lufthansa's case, <a href="/wiki/Condor_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Condor Airlines">Condor</a>). Before the completion of the second runway at New Tokyo International Airport (now <a href="/wiki/Narita_International_Airport" title="Narita International Airport">Narita International Airport</a>) in Chiba, Japan, airlines from Taiwan were required to utilize <a href="/wiki/Haneda_Airport" title="Haneda Airport">Haneda International Airport</a> for their Tokyo routes in order not to offend the airlines from the PRC that flew to Narita. <a href="/wiki/All_Nippon_Airways" title="All Nippon Airways">All Nippon Airways</a>, however, used an existing subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/Air_Nippon" title="Air Nippon">Air Nippon</a>. With the implementation of a new Japan-Taiwan air agreement, JAL and ANA took over flight operations between Japan and Taiwan in April 2008.<a href="#cite_note-711">[705]</a><a href="#cite_note-712">[706]</a> Beginning July 2008, charter flights between mainland China and Taiwan, which were traditionally only allowed on special holidays such as Chinese New Year, were significantly expanded. China has begun compelling foreign airlines with landing privileges in the mainland to identify Taiwanese destinations as if they were part of the mainland government, e.g. T'aipei CN instead of T'aipei TW. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=104" title="Edit section: Telecommunications">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/List_of_country_calling_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of country calling codes">International dialling codes</a> were assigned by the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU), an agency of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, to its member states and their dependencies in the 1960s. Despite the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> on Taiwan still being a member of the UN, and hence the ITU, other member states declared that "the only representatives of the people of China are the delegates to the ITU and its permanent organs appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Central_government_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Central government of the People's Republic of China">Central Government of the People's Republic of China</a>".<a href="#cite_note-713">[707]</a> This led to the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> being assigned the country code 86.<a href="#cite_note-714">[708]</a> Consequently, in the early 1970s, Taiwan had to be unofficially assigned a separate code, 886, although there was pressure from China to change this to 866.<a href="#cite_note-Daily-715">[709]</a> This had to be listed as "reserved",<a href="#cite_note-716">[710]</a> but in 2006, the code was formally allocated to "<a href="/wiki/Taiwan,_China" title="Taiwan, China">Taiwan, China</a>".<a href="#cite_note-717">[711]</a><a href="#cite_note-718">[712]</a> Codes in the +86 6 number range have since been allocated to cities in mainland China; for example, the area code for <a href="/wiki/Shanwei" title="Shanwei">Shanwei</a> is 0660.<a href="#cite_note-719">[713]</a> Consequently, calls from mainland China to Taiwan require the international access code and country code 00886.<a href="#cite_note-720">[714]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=105" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hong_Kong" title="Foreign relations of Hong Kong">Foreign relations of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Macau" title="Foreign relations of Macau">Foreign relations of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_pineapples" title="Freedom pineapples">Freedom pineapples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cross-Strait_Relations" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Cross-Strait Relations">History of Cross-Strait Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Taiwan" title="International rankings of Taiwan">International rankings of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan">List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_Tea_Alliance" title="Milk Tea Alliance">Milk Tea Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Taiwan" title="Visa policy of Taiwan">Visa policy of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_warrior_diplomacy" title="Wolf warrior diplomacy">Wolf warrior diplomacy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=106" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> Unofficial relations between the ROC continued on between the newly-formed <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> in 1993. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> Recognition lasted sixteen days. Began 5 August, agreement withdrawn 21 August. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Diplomatic relationship between South Vietnam and Taiwan ceased upon the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon" title="Fall of Saigon">collapse of the South Vietnamese government</a> in 1975. </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> Recognition lasted seven days. Began on 03 November, agreement withdrawn on 10 November. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> Out of the 193 UN member states, two UN observer states, and two <a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">states in free association</a> with <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a>), 181 UN member states, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a> recognise the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of China. The 12 states who recognise the Republic of China include 11 UN member states and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>). <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> is the only <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">sovereign state</a> within the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_System" title="United Nations System">United Nations System</a> which has not established <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomatic relations</a> with either the PRC or the ROC. </li> <li id="cite_note-451"><a href="#cite_ref-451">^</a> Joined as the <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> representing not only <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan Area</a>, but also nominally <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a> until 1986. However, its share of Bank capital was based on the size of Taiwan's capital, unlike the World Bank and IMF where the government in Taiwan had had a share. The representation was succeeded by the <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> in 1986. However, the ROC was allowed to retain its membership, but under the name of "Taipei,China" (space deliberately omitted after the comma)<a href="#cite_note-450">[445]</a> — a name it protests. Uniquely, this allows both sides of the Taiwan Straits to be represented at the institution. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=107" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.president.gov.tw/Default.aspx?tabid=1107">"Main text"</a>. English.president.gov.tw. 17 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512134407/http://english.president.gov.tw/Default.aspx?tabid=1107">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Main+text&rft.pub=English.president.gov.tw&rft.date=2010-09-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.president.gov.tw%2FDefault.aspx%3Ftabid%3D1107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MOFA-2"><a href="#cite_ref-MOFA_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513220940/http://www.mofa.gov.tw/EnOfficial">"Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan)"</a>. Mofa.gov.tw. 18 April 2013. 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Against: Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Democratic republic of), Costa Rica, Dahomey, Dominican Republic, EI Salvador, Gabon, Gambia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Japan, Khmer Republic, Lesotho, Libena, Madagascar, Malawi, Malta, New Zealand Nicaragua, Niger, Paraguay, Philippines, Saudi Arabia South Africa, Swaziland, United States of America, Upper Volta, Uruguay, Venezuela, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil. 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Retrieved 26 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Taiwan+to+open+representative+office+in+Aix-en-Provence+in+Southern+France&rft.date=2020-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taiwannews.com.tw%2Fen%2Fnews%2F3994524&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roc-taiwan.org/gr_en/index.html">"首頁 – Taipei Representative Office in Greece 駐希臘台北代表處"</a>. www.roc-taiwan.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204210044/https://www.roc-taiwan.org/gr_en/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2021. 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People's Republic of China. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527230728/http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/focac/183553.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2012. 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Retrieved 22 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cscap.org&rft.atitle=CSCAP+%3A+Regional+Security+Outlook&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cscap.org%2Fuploads%2Fdocs%2FCRSO%2FCRSO2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130519165249/http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=III-3&chapter=3&lang=en#4">"UNTC"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=III-3&chapter=3&lang=en#4">the original</a> on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNTC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2FPages%2FViewDetails.aspx%3Fsrc%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DIII-3%26chapter%3D3%26lang%3Den%234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/15/world/taiwan-ends-4-decades-of-martial-law.html">"Taiwan Ends 4 Decades of Martial Law"</a>. The New York Times. 15 July 1987. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208221908/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/15/world/taiwan-ends-4-decades-of-martial-law.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Taiwan+Ends+4+Decades+of+Martial+Law&rft.date=1987-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F07%2F15%2Fworld%2Ftaiwan-ends-4-decades-of-martial-law.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnie_S._Glaser2010" class="citation web cs1">Bonnie S. Glaser (January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130622190306/http://csis.org/files/publication/100107_Glaser_BuildingTrust_Web.pdf">"Building Trust Across the Taiwan Strait"</a> (PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://csis.org/files/publication/100107_Glaser_BuildingTrust_Web.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Building+Trust+Across+the+Taiwan+Strait&rft.pub=Center+for+Strategic+and+International+Studies&rft.date=2010-01&rft.au=Bonnie+S.+Glaser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcsis.org%2Ffiles%2Fpublication%2F100107_Glaser_BuildingTrust_Web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Cirincione" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cirincione" title="Joseph Cirincione">Joseph Cirincione</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013143858/http://www.un.org/disarmament/education/wmdcommission/files/No10.pdf">"No. 10: A Global Assessment of Nuclear Proliferation Threats"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_Mass_Destruction_Commission" title="Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission">Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/disarmament/education/wmdcommission/files/No10.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 13 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No.+10%3A+A+Global+Assessment+of+Nuclear+Proliferation+Threats&rft.pub=Weapons+of+Mass+Destruction+Commission&rft.au=Joseph+Cirincione&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fdisarmament%2Feducation%2Fwmdcommission%2Ffiles%2FNo10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923175336/http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2718.html">"Association for Asia Research- Chinese military threatens nuclear war against the United States over Taiwan"</a>. Chinascope. 20 September 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2718.html">the original</a> on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chinascope&rft.atitle=Association+for+Asia+Research-+Chinese+military+threatens+nuclear+war+against+the+United+States+over+Taiwan&rft.date=2005-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asianresearch.org%2Farticles%2F2718.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/28cfe55a-f4a7-11d9-9dd1-00000e2511c8.html">"Top Chinese general warns US over attack"</a>. Financial Times. 14 July 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/28cfe55a-f4a7-11d9-9dd1-00000e2511c8.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Top+Chinese+general+warns+US+over+attack&rft.date=2005-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F2%2F28cfe55a-f4a7-11d9-9dd1-00000e2511c8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Glaser2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Charles Glaser (March–April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67479/charles-glaser/will-chinas-rise-lead-to-war">"Will China's Rise Lead to War?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs" title="Foreign Affairs">Foreign Affairs</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714120104/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67479/charles-glaser/will-chinas-rise-lead-to-war">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Will+China%27s+Rise+Lead+to+War%3F&rft.date=2011-03%2F2011-04&rft.au=Charles+Glaser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Farticles%2F67479%2Fcharles-glaser%2Fwill-chinas-rise-lead-to-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Kahn2005" class="citation news cs1">Joseph Kahn (15 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/15/international/asia/15china.html">"Chinese General Threatens Use of A-Bombs if U.S. Intrudes"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150511185847/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/15/international/asia/15china.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chinese+General+Threatens+Use+of+A-Bombs+if+U.S.+Intrudes&rft.date=2005-07-15&rft.au=Joseph+Kahn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F07%2F15%2Finternational%2Fasia%2F15china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904023430/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0WDQ/is_/ai_62170616Taiwan">"Taiwan won't broach state-to-state concept again"</a>. "The press reports quoted Taiwan's incoming top China policy-maker Tsai Ing-wen as saying Thursday that the special state-to-state label was an adequate description of Taiwan's current ties with China." "'The two-states theory is a good thing. It is a way to describe the current (cross-strait) situation,'" "Tsai said on local television. 'We can refrain from using it as a description, although we cannot deny the existence of the situation described by it,' Tsai said on local television." </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/10/08/2003425320">"Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview"</a>. Taipei Times. 8 October 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603213128/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/10/08/2003425320">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Ma+refers+to+China+as+ROC+territory+in+magazine+interview&rft.date=2008-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2008%2F10%2F08%2F2003425320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212234058/http://www.cna.com.tw/CNA/TodayTopicNews/TodayTopicNews.aspx?NewsID=200810070260"><bdi lang="zh">馬總統：兩岸關係是現實關係</bdi></a> [President Ma: Cross-strait relations are relations based on current reality] (in Chinese). Central News Agency of the Republic of China. 8 October 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cna.com.tw/CNA/TodayTopicNews/TodayTopicNews.aspx?NewsID=200810070260">the original</a> on 12 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E9%A6%AC%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A9%E5%B2%B8%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82%E6%98%AF%E7%8F%BE%E5%AF%A6%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82&rft.date=2008-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cna.com.tw%2FCNA%2FTodayTopicNews%2FTodayTopicNews.aspx%3FNewsID%3D200810070260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081010072015/http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2008/new/oct/8/today-fo3.htm"><bdi lang="zh">馬：大陸是中華民國領土</bdi></a> [Ma: the mainland is the territory of the Republic of China]. Liberty Times (in Chinese). 8 October 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.libertytimes.com/2008/new/oct/8/today-fo3.htm">the original</a> on 10 October 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Liberty+Times&rft.atitle=%E9%A6%AC%EF%BC%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F&rft.date=2008-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libertytimes.com%2F2008%2Fnew%2Foct%2F8%2Ftoday-fo3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419103952/http://www.kmt.org.tw/english/page.aspx?type=article&mnum=113&anum=9607">"Kuomintang News Network"</a>. Kmt.org.tw. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kmt.org.tw/english/page.aspx?type=article&mnum=113&anum=9607">the original</a> on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kuomintang+News+Network&rft.pub=Kmt.org.tw&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kmt.org.tw%2Fenglish%2Fpage.aspx%3Ftype%3Darticle%26mnum%3D113%26anum%3D9607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224103514/http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/Staff%20Report_Taiwan%27s%20Local%20Elections--Implications%20for%20Cross-Strait%20Relations%20_12%2030%202014.pdf">"Taiwan's 2014 Local Elections: Implications for Cross-Strait Relations"</a> (PDF). Origin.www.uscc.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/Staff%20Report_Taiwan%27s%20Local%20Elections--Implications%20for%20Cross-Strait%20Relations%20_12%2030%202014.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Origin.www.uscc.gov&rft.atitle=Taiwan%27s+2014+Local+Elections%3A+Implications+for+Cross-Strait+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forigin.www.uscc.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FResearch%2FStaff%2520Report_Taiwan%2527s%2520Local%2520Elections--Implications%2520for%2520Cross-Strait%2520Relations%2520_12%252030%25202014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenny_W._Hsu2014" class="citation web cs1">Jenny W. Hsu (26 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648?KEYWORDS=taiwan&mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648.html%3FKEYWORDS%3Dtaiwan">"Taiwan, China Talks End Cordially"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904023431/http://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648?KEYWORDS=taiwan&mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648.html%3FKEYWORDS%3Dtaiwan">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Taiwan%2C+China+Talks+End+Cordially&rft.date=2014-02-26&rft.au=Jenny+W.+Hsu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648%3FKEYWORDS%3Dtaiwan%26mg%3Dreno64-wsj%26url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fonline.wsj.com%252Farticle%252FSB10001424052702303874504579375943230344648.html%253FKEYWORDS%253Dtaiwan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141227171130/http://unterm.un.org/DGAACS/unterm.nsf/8fa942046ff7601c85256983007ca4d8/c40ed8ccd326321a85256a0000075d40?OpenDocument">"ex injuria jus non-oritur"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unterm.un.org/DGAACS/unterm.nsf/8fa942046ff7601c85256983007ca4d8/c40ed8ccd326321a85256a0000075d40?OpenDocument">the original</a> on 27 December 2014. 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Retrieved 25 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Text+in+League+of+Nations+Treaty+Series%2C+vol.+9%2C+pp.+18%E2%80%9321&rft.pub=Worldlii.org&rft.date=1920-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldlii.org%2Fint%2Fother%2FLNTSer%2F1922%2F42.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChin2022" class="citation news cs1">Chin, Jonathan (15 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2022/12/15/2003790744">"Taiwan has right to independence: Iranian newspaper"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221229082127/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2022/12/15/2003790744">Archived</a> from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Taiwan+has+right+to+independence%3A+Iranian+newspaper&rft.date=2022-12-15&rft.aulast=Chin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ffront%2Farchives%2F2022%2F12%2F15%2F2003790744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202404150018">"Israeli parliamentary delegation calls for support after Iran's attack"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Focus_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Focus Taiwan">Focus Taiwan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_News_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="Central News Agency (Taiwan)">Central News Agency</a>. 15 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616080544/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202404150018">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024. <q>The delegation, composed of four members from the Israeli Knesset (parliament), thanked Taiwan for its support following the attack...[Tsai] said she looked forward to the two countries leveraging their own industrial strengths and continuing to deepen their partnership based on the shared values of freedom and democracy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Focus+Taiwan&rft.atitle=Israeli+parliamentary+delegation+calls+for+support+after+Iran%27s+attack&rft.date=2024-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F202404150018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMedzini2021" class="citation web cs1">Medzini, Meron (6 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=3,7,11,16,19&post=205473">"Taiwan, Israel deepen friendship, expand exchanges"</a>. Taiwan Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409004709/https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=3,7,11,16,19&post=205473">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Taiwan%2C+Israel+deepen+friendship%2C+expand+exchanges&rft.pub=Taiwan+Today&rft.date=2021-08-06&rft.aulast=Medzini&rft.aufirst=Meron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaiwantoday.tw%2Fnews.php%3Funit%3D3%2C7%2C11%2C16%2C19%26post%3D205473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaime2024" class="citation news cs1">Haime, Jordyn (7 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3258086/israels-foreign-ties-falter-amid-war-gaza-taiwan-sees-chance-cosy">"As Israel's foreign ties falter amid war in Gaza, Taiwan sees chance to cosy up"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SCMP" class="mw-redirect" title="SCMP">SCMP</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616080544/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3258086/israels-foreign-ties-falter-amid-war-gaza-taiwan-sees-chance-cosy">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024. <q>Taiwan's desire for warmer ties with Israel began long before the October 7 attack. Bilateral trade between the two has grown steadily in recent years, rising to over US$3.2 billion in 2022 from US$2.4 billion the previous year. Taiwanese media and officials often speak with admiration for Israel's strong military and make comparisons between Taiwan and Israel as two isolated democracies with strong tech sectors.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCMP&rft.atitle=As+Israel%27s+foreign+ties+falter+amid+war+in+Gaza%2C+Taiwan+sees+chance+to+cosy+up&rft.date=2024-04-07&rft.aulast=Haime&rft.aufirst=Jordyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3258086%2Fisraels-foreign-ties-falter-amid-war-gaza-taiwan-sees-chance-cosy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2024/02/24/2003814008">"72 DPP, KMT lawmakers establish joint US caucus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a>. 24 February 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616080544/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2024/02/24/2003814008">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024. <q>Separately, the Taiwan-Israel Congressional Association was established yesterday to promote people-to-people exchanges; cooperation in agriculture, technology and education; and bilateral visits, association chair DPP Legislator Chung Chia-pin (鍾佳濱) said. Israeli Representative to Taiwan Maya Yaron thanked Taiwan for supporting Israel and said that a parliamentary delegation is to visit the nation in the next few weeks.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=72+DPP%2C+KMT+lawmakers+establish+joint+US+caucus&rft.pub=Taipei+Times&rft.date=2024-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2024%2F02%2F24%2F2003814008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/24/world/chinese-and-south-koreans-formally-establish-relations.html">"Chinese and South Koreans Formally Establish Relations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 24 August 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619113034/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/24/world/chinese-and-south-koreans-formally-establish-relations.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chinese+and+South+Koreans+Formally+Establish+Relations&rft.date=1992-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F08%2F24%2Fworld%2Fchinese-and-south-koreans-formally-establish-relations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FT-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FT_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FT_186-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2018" class="citation news cs1">White, Edward (29 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180130015923/https://www.ft.com/content/315503b0-0559-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5">"Taiwanese suspected of shipping coal from the DPRK to Vietnam"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>. 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Retrieved 22 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Website+of+Malaysian+Friendship+and+Trade+Centre%2C+Taipei&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Malaysia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kln.gov.my%2Fweb%2Ftwn_taipei%2Fhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taiwanembassy.org/MY/mp.asp?mp=297">"Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Malaysia"</a>. Taiwan Embassy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140522110248/http://www.taiwanembassy.org/MY/mp.asp?mp=297">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2014. 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Retrieved 3 August 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Onward+to+Mongolia&rft.pub=Government+Information+Office%2C+Republic+of+China+%28Taiwan%29&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaiwanreview.nat.gov.tw%2Fct.asp%3FxItem%3D798%26CtNode%3D128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/08/20/164873Taipei">Times, MOI rethinks Mongolia, 20 August 2002, p. 2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130629231416/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/08/20/164873Taipei">Archived</a> 29 June 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved 2 June 2009 </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090210192036/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/archives/2002/10/11/0000175237">"Mongolian office to ride into Taipei by end of the year"</a>. Taipei Times. 11 October 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/archives/2002/10/11/0000175237">the original</a> on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 28 May 2009. <q>In October 1945, the people of Outer Mongolia voted for independence, gaining the recognition of many countries, including the Republic of China. (...) Due to a souring of relations with the Soviet Union in the early 1950s, however, the ROC revoked recognition of Outer Mongolia, reclaiming it as ROC territory.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Mongolian+office+to+ride+into+Taipei+by+end+of+the+year&rft.date=2002-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Farchives%2F2002%2F10%2F11%2F0000175237&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1842387.stm">"Taiwan 'embassy' changes anger China"</a>. BBC News. 26 February 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040526084615/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1842387.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2004. Retrieved 28 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Taiwan+%27embassy%27+changes+anger+China&rft.date=2002-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2F1842387.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090508080715/http://www.mtac.gov.tw/pages.php?lang=5">"The History of MTAC"</a>. Mongolian & Tibetan Affairs Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtac.gov.tw/pages.php?lang=5">the original</a> on 8 May 2009. Retrieved 7 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+MTAC&rft.pub=Mongolian+%26+Tibetan+Affairs+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtac.gov.tw%2Fpages.php%3Flang%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AForeign+relations+of+Taiwan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumenthalChi1970" class="citation book cs1">Blumenthal, Tuvia; Chi, Madeleine (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Cs9yOuCZ-ekC">China Diplomacy, 1914–1918</a>. 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Foreign Broadcast Information Service National Technical Information Service, 1994, page 54 </li> <li id="cite_note-716"><a href="#cite_ref-716">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030423122326/http://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.pdf">List of ITU-T Recommendation E.164, Assigned Country Codes, (Position on 1 May 2002)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-717"><a href="#cite_ref-717">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.pdf">List of ITU-T Recommendation E.164, Assigned Country Codes, (Position on 1 May 2005)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-718"><a href="#cite_ref-718">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-OB.870-2006-OAS-PDF-E.pdf">ITU Operational Bulletin</a>, No. 870 – 4 </li> <li id="cite_note-719"><a href="#cite_ref-719">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cge3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22Shanwei%22%20%220660%22">China Economic News</a>, Volume 17, Issues 26-50, page 10 </li> <li id="cite_note-720"><a href="#cite_ref-720">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7cUuAQAAIAAJ&q=%2200886%22%20taipei">Beijing Review</a>, Volume 37, 1994, page 33 </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=108" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about Foreign relations of Taiwan <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Foreign+relations+of+Taiwan">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Foreign+relations+of+Taiwan&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li>Carpenter, Ted Galen. "The United States and the Taiwan Time Bomb." in Routledge Handbook of Asia in World Politics By Teh-Kuang Chang & Angelin Chang (Routledge, 2017) pp. 169–177. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Handbook-of-Asia-in-World-Politics/Chang-Chang/p/book/9781138927131">contents</a></li> <li>Chang, Gordon H. "To the nuclear brink: Eisenhower, Dulles, and the Quemoy-Matsu crisis." International Security 12.4 (1988): 96–123.</li> <li>Chiang, F. The One-China Policy: state, sovereignty, and Taiwan's international legal status (Elsevier, 2018).</li> <li>Copper, John Franklin. Taiwan: Nation-state or province? (7th ed. Routledge, 2019).</li> <li>Copper, John F. China Diplomacy: The Washington-Taipei-Beijing Triangle (Routledge, 2019).</li> <li>de Lisle, J. Taiwan: Sovereignty and participation in international organizations (Philadelphia: Foreign Policy Research Institute, 2011).</li> <li>Finkelstein, David. Washington's Taiwan dilemma, 1949–1950: from abandonment to salvation (Naval Institute Press, 2014).</li> <li>Green, Michael J. By more than providence: Grand strategy and American power in the Asia Pacific since 1783 (Columbia UP, 2017) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cup.columbia.edu/book/by-more-than-providence/9780231180429">online</a></li> <li>Kingston, Jeff. "Shadow boxing: Japan's para-diplomacy with Taiwan." in Japan's Foreign Relations in Asia (Routledge, 2018) pp. 227–243.</li> <li>Lee, Wei-chin. "US arms transfer policy to Taiwan: from Carter to Clinton." Journal of Contemporary China 9.23 (2000): 53–75.</li> <li>Lee, Shyu-tu, Douglas Paal, and Charles Glaser. "Disengaging from Taiwan: Should Washington Continue Its Alliance With Taipei?." Foreign Affairs (2011): 179–182. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23039619">Online</a></li> <li>Lee, Wei-chin. Taiwan's Political Re-Alignment and Diplomatic Challenges (2018).</li> <li>Marinaccio, Jess. "Domestic and bilateral challenges to building relationality in <a href="/wiki/Cultural_diplomacy" title="Cultural diplomacy">cultural diplomacy</a>: Tuvalu's performative cultural diplomacy in Taiwan." International Journal of Cultural Policy (2019): 1–16.</li> <li>Pantsov, Alexander V. Victorious in Defeat: The Life and Times of Chiang Kai-shek, China, 1887–1975 (Yale University Press, 2023). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300260205" title="Special:BookSources/9780300260205">9780300260205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawnsley,_Gary_D." class="mw-redirect" title="Rawnsley, Gary D.">Rawnsley, Gary D.</a> Taiwan's informal diplomacy and propaganda (Springer, 2000).</li> <li>Rawnsley, Gary. "Soft Power Rich, Public Diplomacy Poor: An Assessment of Taiwan's External Communications." China Quarterly 232 (2017): 982–1001.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigger,_Shelley" class="mw-redirect" title="Rigger, Shelley">Rigger, Shelley</a>. Why Taiwan matters: Small island, global powerhouse (Rowman & Littlefield, 2013).</li> <li>Stolper, Thomas E. China, Taiwan and the offshore islands (Routledge, 2017).</li> <li>Sutter, Robert G., and William Oscar Johnson. Taiwan in world affairs (Routledge, 1994) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7AeiDwAAQBAJ&dq=Sutter%2C+Robert+G.%2C+and+William+Oscar+Johnson.+Taiwan+in+world+affairs.+Routledge%2C+2019.&pg=PT4">excerpt</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker,_Nancy_Bernkopf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tucker, Nancy Bernkopf">Tucker, Nancy Bernkopf</a>. Strait talk: United States-Taiwan relations and the crisis with China (Harvard University Press, 2009).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan&action=edit&section=109" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan304" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Taiwan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Taiwan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Taiwan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan304" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Foreign relations of Taiwan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Taiwan relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Chad–Taiwan relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Eswatini–Taiwan relations">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–Taiwan relations">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya-Taiwan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya-Taiwan relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malawi–Taiwan relations">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="São Tomé and Príncipe–Taiwan relations">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Somaliland–Taiwan relations">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Africa–Taiwan relations">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Argentina–Taiwan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Belize–Taiwan relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Brazil–Taiwan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Canada–Taiwan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Chile–Taiwan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Dominican Republic–Taiwan relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="El Salvador–Taiwan relations">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Guatemala–Taiwan relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Haiti–Taiwan relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mexico–Taiwan relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Paraguay–Taiwan relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Peru–Taiwan relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Relations_Act" title="Taiwan Relations Act">Taiwan Relations Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Travel_Act" title="Taiwan Travel Act">Taiwan Travel Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Allies_International_Protection_and_Enhancement_Initiative_Act" title="Taiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative Act">TAIPEI Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Taiwan–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Taiwan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="India–Taiwan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Indonesia–Taiwan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Israel–Taiwan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Japan–Taiwan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malaysia–Taiwan relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mongolia–Taiwan relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Myanmar–Taiwan relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Korea–Taiwan relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Pakistan–Taiwan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Philippines–Taiwan relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Singapore–Taiwan relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Taiwan relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Korea–Taiwan relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Taiwan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Taiwan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Taiwan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Denmark–Taiwan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Estonia–Taiwan relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Finland–Taiwan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="France–Taiwan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Germany–Taiwan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Holy See–Taiwan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Italy–Taiwan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Kosovo–Taiwan relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Latvia–Taiwan relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Lithuania–Taiwan relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Macedonia–Taiwan relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Netherlands–Taiwan relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Norway–Taiwan relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Poland–Taiwan relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Spain–Taiwan relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Sweden–Taiwan relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan-Slovakia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan-Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Taiwan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Taiwan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Australia–Taiwan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Kiribati–Taiwan relations">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Nauru–Taiwan relations">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="New Zealand–Taiwan relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Palau–Taiwan relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Solomon Islands–Taiwan relations">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Tuvalu_relations" title="Taiwan–Tuvalu relations">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-African_relations" title="Sino-African relations">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Arab_relations" title="Sino-Arab relations">Arab World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Caribbean_relations" title="Sino-Caribbean relations">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Taiwan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Latin_America_relations" title="Sino-Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Pacific_relations" title="Sino-Pacific relations">Oceania countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Third_World_relations" title="Sino-Third World relations">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Taiwan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_World_Health_Organization" title="Taiwan and the World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration and Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Taiwan">in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Southbound_Policy" title="New Southbound Policy">New Southbound Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan" title="Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan">Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Taiwan" title="Visa policy of Taiwan">Visa policy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Taiwanese_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Taiwanese citizens">requirements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_passport" title="Taiwan passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_diplomatic_relations_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Foreign_relations_of_Asia416" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_relations_of_Asia416" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Foreign relations of Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Afghanistan" title="Foreign relations of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Azerbaijan" title="Foreign relations of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain" title="Foreign relations of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bhutan" title="Foreign relations of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Brunei" title="Foreign relations of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cambodia" title="Foreign relations of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Foreign relations of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_India" title="Foreign relations of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Indonesia" title="Foreign relations of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iran" title="Foreign relations of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iraq" title="Foreign relations of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Foreign relations of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Jordan" title="Foreign relations of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Foreign relations of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea" title="Foreign relations of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kuwait" title="Foreign relations of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Foreign relations of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Laos" title="Foreign relations of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Lebanon" title="Foreign relations of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Malaysia" title="Foreign relations of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Maldives" title="Foreign relations of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Mongolia" title="Foreign relations of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Foreign relations of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Nepal" title="Foreign relations of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Oman" title="Foreign relations of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Foreign relations of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Philippines" title="Foreign relations of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Qatar" title="Foreign relations of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Singapore" title="Foreign relations of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Foreign relations of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Syria" title="Foreign relations of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Tajikistan" title="Foreign relations of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Thailand" title="Foreign relations of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Timor-Leste" title="Foreign relations of Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste (East Timor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Turkey" title="Foreign relations of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Turkmenistan" title="Foreign relations of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Uzbekistan" title="Foreign relations of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Foreign relations of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Yemen" title="Foreign relations of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Abkhazia" title="Foreign relations of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Ossetia" title="Foreign relations of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hong_Kong" title="Foreign relations of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Macau" title="Foreign relations of Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Cross-strait_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Taiwan&#124;link=Taiwan455" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cross-strait_relations" title="Template:Cross-strait relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cross-strait_relations" title="Template talk:Cross-strait relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cross-strait_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cross-strait relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Cross-strait_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Taiwan&#124;link=Taiwan455" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_relations" title="Cross-strait relations">Cross-strait relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Economic,_Trade_and_Cultural_Office_(Taiwan)" title="Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office (Taiwan)">Hong Kong Economic, Trade and Cultural Office (Taiwan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Hong_Kong" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong">Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_(Taiwan)" title="Macau Economic and Cultural Office (Taiwan)">Macau Economic and Cultural Office (Taiwan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Office_in_Macau" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau">Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opening_of_the_South-North_route" title="Opening of the South-North route">Opening of the South-North route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_of_Taiwan_strait_shipping" title="Restoration of Taiwan strait shipping">Restoration of Taiwan strait shipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinmen_Agreement" title="Kinmen Agreement">Kinmen Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang%E2%80%93Koo_summit" title="Wang–Koo summit">Wang–Koo summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_charter" title="Cross-strait charter">Cross-strait charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Taiwanese_cross-strait_relations_referendum" title="2004 Taiwanese cross-strait relations referendum">2004 Taiwanese cross-strait relations referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17_Statement" title="May 17 Statement">May 17 Statement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Pan%E2%80%93Blue_visits_to_mainland_China" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China">2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_high-level_talks" title="Cross-strait high-level talks">Cross-strait high-level talks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="First Chen–Chiang summit">First Chen–Chiang summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="Second Chen–Chiang summit">Second Chen–Chiang summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="Fourth Chen–Chiang summit">Fourth Chen–Chiang summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="Fifth Chen–Chiang summit">Fifth Chen–Chiang summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="Sixth Chen–Chiang summit">Sixth Chen–Chiang summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Chen%E2%80%93Chiang_summit" title="Seventh Chen–Chiang summit">Seventh Chen–Chiang summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuan_Tuan_and_Yuan_Yuan" title="Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan">Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Framework_Agreement" title="Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement">Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_CEO_Summit" title="Cross-Strait CEO Summit">Cross-Strait CEO Summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Service_Trade_Agreement" title="Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement">Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jinjiang%E2%80%93Kinmen_Pipeline" title="Jinjiang–Kinmen Pipeline">Jinjiang–Kinmen Pipeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Wang%E2%80%93Zhang_meetings" title="2014 Wang–Zhang meetings">2014 Wang–Zhang meetings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Xi%E2%80%93Chu_meeting" title="2015 Xi–Chu meeting">2015 Xi–Chu meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%E2%80%93Xi_meeting" title="Ma–Xi meeting">Ma–Xi meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Forum" title="Straits Forum">Straits Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai-Taipei_City_Forum" title="Shanghai-Taipei City Forum">Shanghai-Taipei City Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Ma%E2%80%93Xi_meeting" title="Second Ma–Xi meeting">Second Ma–Xi meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Kuomintang-Communist_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War">Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_government_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" title="Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan">Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanbi_policy" title="Guanbi policy">Guanbi policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="First Taiwan Strait Crisis">First Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_National_Glory" title="Project National Glory">Project National Glory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dong-Yin" title="Battle of Dong-Yin">Battle of Dong-Yin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dongshan" title="Battle of Dongshan">Battle of Dongshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_East_Chongwu" title="Battle of East Chongwu">Battle of East Chongwu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Second Taiwan Strait Crisis">Second Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Third Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands" title="Senkaku Islands">Senkaku Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands_dispute" title="Senkaku Islands dispute">Dispute</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Tuapse" title="Capture of the Tuapse">Capture of the Tuapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Princess" title="Kashmir Princess">Kashmir Princess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758">United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9_on_the_Establishment_of_Diplomatic_Relations" title="Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations">Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAAC_Flight_296" title="CAAC Flight 296">CAAC Flight 296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines_Flight_334" title="China Airlines Flight 334">China Airlines Flight 334</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Lieyu_massacre" title="1987 Lieyu massacre">1987 Lieyu massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_Ping_Yu_No._5540_incident" title="Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident">Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_Ping_Yu_No._5202" title="Min Ping Yu No. 5202">Min Ping Yu No. 5202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Guangzhou_Baiyun_airport_collisions" title="1990 Guangzhou Baiyun airport collisions">1990 Guangzhou Baiyun airport collisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiandao_Lake_incident" title="Qiandao Lake incident">Qiandao Lake incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines_Flight_611" title="China Airlines Flight 611">China Airlines Flight 611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunflower_Student_Movement" title="Sunflower Student Movement">Sunflower Student Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braga_incident" title="Braga incident">Braga incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Black_Box_Curriculum_Movement" title="Anti-Black Box Curriculum Movement">Anti-Black Box Curriculum Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Liqiang" title="Wang Liqiang">Wang Liqiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_pineapples" title="Freedom pineapples">Freedom pineapples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Solomon_Islands_unrest" title="2021 Solomon Islands unrest">2021 Solomon Islands unrest</a></li> <li>Chinese military exercises around Taiwan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Chinese_military_exercises_around_Taiwan" title="2022 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Chinese_military_exercises_around_Taiwan" title="2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Sword-2024" title="Joint Sword-2024">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kinmen_Chinese_motorboat_capsizing_incident" title="2024 Kinmen Chinese motorboat capsizing incident">2024 Kinmen Chinese motorboat capsizing incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Act" title="Cross-Strait Act">Cross-Strait Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_National_Unification_Promotion_Law" title="Proposed National Unification Promotion Law">Proposed National Unification Promotion Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Secession_Law" title="Anti-Secession Law">Anti-Secession Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Infiltration_Act" title="Anti-Infiltration Act">Anti-Infiltration Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-China_Federation_of_Taiwan_Compatriots" title="All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots">All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alumni_Association_of_Huangpu_Military_Academy" title="Alumni Association of Huangpu Military Academy">Alumni Association of Huangpu Military Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Relations_Across_the_Taiwan_Straits" title="Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits">Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Tourism_Exchange_Across_the_Taiwan_Straits" title="Association for Tourism Exchange Across the Taiwan Straits">Association for Tourism Exchange Across the Taiwan Straits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Taiwan_Affairs" title="Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs">Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Council_for_the_Promotion_of_Peaceful_National_Reunification" title="China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification">China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Straits_Common_Market_Foundation" title="Cross-Straits Common Market Foundation">Cross-Straits Common Market Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Economic,_Trade_and_Culture_Forum" title="Cross-Strait Economic, Trade and Culture Forum">Cross-Strait Economic, Trade and Culture Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Peace_Forum" title="Cross-Strait Peace Forum">Cross-Strait Peace Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Alliance_for_China%27s_Reunification_under_the_Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Grand Alliance for China's Reunification under the Three Principles of the People">Grand Alliance for China's Reunification under the Three Principles of the People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lienchiang_Cross-Strait_Matters_Forum" title="Lienchiang Cross-Strait Matters Forum">Lienchiang Cross-Strait Matters Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Affairs_Council" title="Mainland Affairs Council">Mainland Affairs Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unification_Council" title="National Unification Council">National Unification Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Exchange_Foundation" title="Straits Exchange Foundation">Straits Exchange Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Affairs_Office" title="Taiwan Affairs Office">Taiwan Affairs Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Competitiveness_Forum" title="Taiwan Competitiveness Forum">Taiwan Competitiveness Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Strait_Tourism_Association" title="Taiwan Strait Tourism Association">Taiwan Strait Tourism Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Circle" title="China Circle">China Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationalism" title="Chinese nationalism">Chinese nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_irredentism" title="Chinese irredentism">Chinese irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Economic_Zone" title="Cross-Strait Economic Zone">Cross-Strait Economic Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dang_Guo" title="Dang Guo">Dang Guo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Noes_and_One_Without" title="Four Noes and One Without">Four Noes and One Without</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujian_Demonstration_Zone" title="Fujian Demonstration Zone">Fujian Demonstration Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_China" title="Greater China">Greater China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_chauvinism" title="Han chauvinism">Han chauvinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_China" title="One China">One China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">One-China policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Country_on_Each_Side" title="One Country on Each Side">One Country on Each Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_China" title="Propaganda in China">Propaganda in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_propaganda" title="Cross-strait propaganda">Cross-strait propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_on_Taiwan" title="Republic of China on Taiwan">Republic of China on Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">Self-determination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_ideology_of_the_Kuomintang" title="Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang">Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_non-state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special non-state-to-state relations">Special non-state-to-state relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Assurances" title="Six Assurances">Six Assurances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan,_China" title="Taiwan, China">Taiwan, China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">Two Chinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Noes" title="Three Noes">Three Noes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Links" title="Three Links">Three Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_consensus" title="Taiwan consensus">Taiwan consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_Undetermined_Status_of_Taiwan" title="Theory of the Undetermined Status of Taiwan">Theory of the Undetermined Status of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_front_in_Taiwan" title="United front in Taiwan">United front in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Roof_of_One_China" title="Under the Roof of One China">Under the Roof of One China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhonghua_minzu" title="Zhonghua minzu">Zhonghua minzu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fujian%E2%80%93Taiwan_relationship" title="Fujian–Taiwan relationship">Fujian–Taiwan relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan relations">Hong Kong–Taiwan relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_Economic_and_Cultural_Co-operation_and_Promotion_Council" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council">Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Hong_Kong_Economic_and_Cultural_Co-operation_Council" title="Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council">Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_Kowloon_Trades_Union_Council" title="Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council">Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-ROC_camp_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-ROC camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-ROC camp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Travel_Document" title="Chinese Travel Document">Chinese Travel Document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Entry_Permit" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan Entry Permit">Taiwan Entry Permit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Travel_Permit_for_Taiwan_Resident" title="Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Resident">Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Resident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-strait_language_database" title="Cross-strait language database">Cross-strait language database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECFA_Debate" title="ECFA Debate">ECFA Debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Aurora_(12)" title="HMS Aurora (12)">HMS Aurora (12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_World_Bank" title="China and the World Bank">China and the World Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_intelligence_activity_abroad" title="Chinese intelligence activity abroad">Chinese intelligence activity abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_information_operations_and_information_warfare" title="Chinese information operations and information warfare">Chinese information operations and information warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Soviet_Republic" title="Chinese Soviet Republic">Chinese Soviet Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_China" title="Freedom of religion in China">Freedom of religion in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">Foreign relations of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dates_of_establishment_of_diplomatic_relations_with_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic relations with China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Foreign relations of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_Taiwanese_identity" title="Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity">Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_diplomatic_relations_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic relations with Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geostrategy_in_Taiwan" title="Geostrategy in Taiwan">Geostrategy in Taiwan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Communist_Hero" title="Anti-Communist Hero">Anti-Communist Hero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_Tea_Alliance" title="Milk Tea Alliance">Milk Tea Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taishang" title="Taishang">Taishang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G3_Beijing%E2%80%93Taipei_Expressway" title="G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway">G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G99_Taiwan_Ring_Expressway" title="G99 Taiwan Ring Expressway">G99 Taiwan Ring Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_228_(Taiwan)" title="China National Highway 228 (Taiwan)">China National Highway 228 (Taiwan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Religious_Foundation_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_Turned_Upside_Down_(sculpture)" title="The World Turned Upside Down (sculpture)">The World Turned Upside Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_and_Reclaim_the_Mainland" title="Go and Reclaim the Mainland">Go and Reclaim the Mainland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Republic_of_China" title="Pro-Republic of China">Pro-Republic of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cross-strait_relations" title="Category:Cross-strait relations">Category:Cross-strait relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taiwan_articles508" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taiwan_topics" title="Template:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taiwan_topics" title="Template talk:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taiwan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Taiwan_articles508" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Taiwan-related_articles" title="Index of Taiwan-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="History29" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Taiwan" title="History of Taiwan">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Taiwanese_history" title="Timeline of Taiwanese history">Timeline of Taiwanese history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Taiwan" title="Prehistory of Taiwan">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_in_Taiwan" title="List of archaeological sites in Taiwan">archaeological sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Chinese_contact_with_Taiwan" title="Early Chinese contact with Taiwan">Early Chinese contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Middag" title="Kingdom of Middag">Kingdom of Middag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Formosa" title="Dutch Formosa">Dutch Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Formosa" title="Spanish Formosa">Spanish Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Kingdom of Tungning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Qing_rule" title="Taiwan under Qing rule">Taiwan under Qing rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Formosa" title="Republic of Formosa">Republic of Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan under Japanese rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Taiwan_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Taiwan (1945–present)">Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_government_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" title="Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan">Retreat to Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanbi_policy" title="Guanbi policy">Guanbi policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Taiwan)" title="White Terror (Taiwan)">White Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Taiwan" title="Martial law in Taiwan">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Policy_in_Taiwan%27s_White_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Language Policy in Taiwan's White Terror">Mandarin policy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="Geography127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Geography</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Taiwan" title="List of beaches in Taiwan">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Taiwan" title="List of cities in Taiwan">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan#Climate" title="Geography of Taiwan">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Taiwan" title="Deforestation in Taiwan">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Taiwan" title="List of earthquakes in Taiwan">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endemic_species_of_Taiwan" title="List of endemic species of Taiwan">Endemic species</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_species_in_Taiwan" title="List of protected species in Taiwan">Protected species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese hot springs">Hot springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Taiwan" title="List of islands of Taiwan">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Taiwan" title="List of lakes of Taiwan">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Taiwan" title="List of mountains in Taiwan">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Taiwan" title="National parks of Taiwan">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Taiwan" title="List of rivers of Taiwan">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_scenic_areas_in_Taiwan" title="List of national scenic areas in Taiwan">Scenic areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_superlatives" title="List of Taiwanese superlatives">Superlatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Taiwan" title="List of volcanoes in Taiwan">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="GovernmentPoliticsEconomy531" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">Politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Economy</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">politics</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_defense_in_Taiwan" title="Civil defense in Taiwan">Civil defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Taiwan" title="Elections in Taiwan">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Taiwan" title="Human rights in Taiwan">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Taiwan">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Bureau_(Taiwan)" title="National Security Bureau (Taiwan)">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Taiwan" title="Law enforcement in Taiwan">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of China Armed Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Taiwan" title="Military history of Taiwan">Military history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_(Taiwan)" title="Office of the President (Taiwan)">Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_to_the_President_(Republic_of_China)" title="Secretary-General to the President (Republic of China)">Secretary-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Taiwan" title="List of political parties in Taiwan">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_the_Republic_of_China" title="Propaganda in the Republic of China">Propaganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Taiwan" title="Regions of Taiwan">Regions of Taiwan</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_municipality_(Taiwan)" title="Special municipality (Taiwan)">Special municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (Taiwan)">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_city_(Taiwan)" title="Provincial city (Taiwan)">Cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="List of administrative divisions of Taiwan">List of administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Taiwan" title="List of metropolitan areas in Taiwan">Metropolitan areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Political issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Taiwan" title="Conscription in Taiwan">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationalism" title="Chinese nationalism">Chinese nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dang_Guo" title="Dang Guo">Dang Guo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Sinicization" title="De-Sinicization">De-Sinicization</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_divide_in_Taiwan" title="North–South divide in Taiwan">North–South divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Country_on_Each_Side" title="One Country on Each Side">One Country on Each Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_Taiwanese_identity" title="Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity">Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_non-state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special non-state-to-state relations">Special non-state-to-state relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">Two Chinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Agriculture in Taiwan">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_in_Taiwan" title="Aquaculture in Taiwan">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Floriculture in Taiwan">Floriculture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Automotive industry in Taiwan">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Taiwan" title="Banking in Taiwan">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Taiwan" title="List of banks in Taiwan">List of banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)" title="Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)">Central bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Taiwan" title="List of companies of Taiwan">Companies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_Taiwan" title="List of largest companies in Taiwan">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="State-owned enterprises of Taiwan">State-owned enterprises</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry_of_Taiwan" title="Defense industry of Taiwan">Defense industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Taiwan_dollar" title="New Taiwan dollar">Dollar (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Taiwan" title="Economic history of Taiwan">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Taiwan" title="Energy in Taiwan">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Taiwan" title="Forestry in Taiwan">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_industries_of_Taiwan" title="Maritime industries of Taiwan">Maritime industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Taiwan" title="Mining in Taiwan">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Semiconductor industry in Taiwan">Semiconductor industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Stock_Exchange" title="Taiwan Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Miracle" title="Taiwan Miracle">Taiwan Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Taiwan" title="Taxation in Taiwan">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Taiwan" title="Telecommunications in Taiwan">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Textile industry in Taiwan">Textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Taiwan" title="Tourism in Taiwan">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Taiwan" title="Transportation in Taiwan">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Invoice_lottery" title="Uniform Invoice lottery">Uniform Invoice lottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Taiwan" title="Water supply and sanitation in Taiwan">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="National_SymbolsPeopleSocietyCulture259" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>National Symbols</li><li>People</li><li>Society</li><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Taiwan" title="Culture of Taiwan">Culture</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Taiwan" title="National symbols of Taiwan">National symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Anthems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="National Anthem of the Republic of China">national</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Flag_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China">flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of Taiwan">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Flag of the Republic of China">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_flags_of_Taiwan" title="Proposed flags of Taiwan">proposed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei_Olympic_flag" title="Chinese Taipei Olympic flag">Olympic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Flower_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Flower of the Republic of China">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Seals_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Seals of the Republic of China">Seals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Taiwan" title="Demographics of Taiwan">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_people" title="Taiwanese people">Taiwanese people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Taiwanese indigenous peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_Taiwan" title="List of Indigenous peoples of Taiwan">Ethnic groups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Taiwanese" title="Han Taiwanese">Hans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hoklo_Taiwanese" title="Hoklo Taiwanese">Hoklos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Taiwanese" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakka Taiwanese">Hakkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waishengren" title="Waishengren">Waishengren</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Taiwan" title="Languages of Taiwan">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formosan_languages" title="Formosan languages">Formosan languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amis_language" title="Amis language">Amis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atayal_language" title="Atayal language">Atayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunun_language" title="Bunun language">Bunun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakanavu_language" title="Kanakanavu language">Kanakanavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalan_language" title="Kavalan language">Kavalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paiwan_language" title="Paiwan language">Paiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyuma_language" title="Puyuma language">Puyuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukai_language" title="Rukai language">Rukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saaroa_language" title="Saaroa language">Saaroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saisiyat_language" title="Saisiyat language">Saisiyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakizaya_language" title="Sakizaya language">Sakizaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seediq_language" title="Seediq language">Seediq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thao_language" title="Thao language">Thao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsou_language" title="Tsou language">Tsou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yami_language" title="Yami language">Yami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinitic_languages" title="Sinitic languages">Sinitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Mandarin" title="Taiwanese Mandarin">Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese Hokkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka" title="Taiwanese Hakka">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsu_dialect" title="Matsu dialect">Matsu dialect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Sign Language">Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Braille</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Taiwan" title="Architecture of Taiwan">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Taiwan" title="Crime in Taiwan">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Taiwan" title="Organized crime in Taiwan">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_Taiwan" title="Sex trafficking in Taiwan">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Taiwan" title="Education in Taiwan">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Taiwan" title="Healthcare in Taiwan">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Taiwanese inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Taiwan" title="Prostitution in Taiwan">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Taiwan" title="Public holidays in Taiwan">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_housing_in_Taiwan" title="Public housing in Taiwan">Public housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Taiwan" title="Squatting in Taiwan">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_superlatives" title="List of Taiwanese superlatives">Superlatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_studies" title="Taiwan studies">Taiwan studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Taiwan" title="Waste management in Taiwan">Waste management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Taiwan" title="Women in Taiwan">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Taiwan" title="Culture of Taiwan">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_animation" title="Taiwanese animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_art" title="Taiwanese art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Taiwan" title="Cinema of Taiwan">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wine" title="Taiwanese wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_history_of_Taiwan" title="Cultural history of Taiwan">Cultural history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese drama">Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Taiwan" title="Gambling in Taiwan">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glove_puppetry" title="Glove puppetry">Glove puppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_literature" title="Taiwanese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Taiwan">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Taiwan" title="Music of Taiwan">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_opera" title="Taiwanese opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_markets_in_Taiwan" title="Night markets in Taiwan">Night markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_in_Taiwan" title="Philosophy in Taiwan">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Taiwan" title="Photography in Taiwan">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Taiwan" title="Religion in Taiwan">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Taiwan" title="Smoking in Taiwan">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports in Taiwan">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Beauty" title="T-Beauty">T-Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wave" title="Taiwanese wave">Taiwanese wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_tea" title="Taiwanese tea">Tea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_tea_culture" title="Taiwanese tea culture">tea culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Taiwan" title="List of tourist attractions in Taiwan">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Taiwan" title="Category:Taiwan">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Taiwan" title="Portal:Taiwan">Portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Taiwan" title="Outline of Taiwan">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="States_with_limited_recognition575" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_with_limited_recognition" title="Template:States with limited recognition"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:States_with_limited_recognition" title="Template talk:States with limited recognition"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:States_with_limited_recognition" title="Special:EditPage/Template:States with limited recognition"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="States_with_limited_recognition575" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Details concerning <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">international recognition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">foreign relations</a> provided by the articles linked in parentheses</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">UN member states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Partially_unrecognised22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Partially unrecognised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Republic of Armenia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Cyprus">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">State of Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Israel" title="International recognition of Israel">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Foreign relations of Israel">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">Democratic People's Republic of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">Republic of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea" title="Foreign relations of South Korea">relations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">UN specialized agency members or <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_observers" title="United Nations General Assembly observers">GA observer</a> state</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Partially_unrecognised22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Partially unrecognised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="International recognition of the State of Palestine">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations of the State of Palestine">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Republic of Kosovo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Kosovo" title="International recognition of Kosovo">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kosovo" title="Foreign relations of Kosovo">relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membership_of_Kosovo_in_international_organizations" title="Membership of Kosovo in international organizations">membership</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Foreign relations of the Cook Islands">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Niue" title="Foreign relations of Niue">relations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Non-UN member states</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Recognised by at least one UN member</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Republic of Abkhazia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Abkhazia" title="Foreign relations of Abkhazia">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membership_of_Northern_Cyprus_in_international_organizations" title="Membership of Northern Cyprus in international organizations">membership</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="International recognition of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">Republic of South Ossetia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Ossetia" title="Foreign relations of South Ossetia">relations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Recognised only by non-UN members</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Transnistria" title="Foreign relations of Transnistria">relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Republic of Somaliland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Somaliland" title="Foreign relations of Somaliland">relations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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