CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="id" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kobanê - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )idwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januari","Februari","Maret","April","Mei","Juni","Juli","Agustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"d334adcf-eef5-4a66-a6ca-96d14a775a76","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kobanê","wgTitle":"Kobanê","wgCurRevisionId":26146127,"wgRevisionId":26146127,"wgArticleId":1630633,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Halaman dengan argumen formatnum non-numerik","Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung","Templat webarchive tautan wayback","Templat webarchive tautan archiveis","Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters","Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates","Artikel mengandung aksara Arab","Kota di Suriah"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"id","wgPageContentLanguage":"id","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Kobanê", "wgRelevantArticleId":1630633,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":2}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"id","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"id"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q126415","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.watchlist-notice","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices", "ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.Bagikan","ext.gadget.CurIDLink","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","oojs-ui.styles.icons-media","oojs-ui-core.icons","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="450"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="360"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kobanê - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Sunting" href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (id)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//id.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.id"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Umpan Atom Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kobanê rootpage-Kobanê skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Lompat ke isi</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Koban%C3%AA" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Koban%C3%AA" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Koban%C3%AA" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Koban%C3%AA" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Nama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Nama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perang_Saudara_Suriah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perang_Saudara_Suriah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Perang Saudara Suriah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perang_Saudara_Suriah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kobanê</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 55 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="عين العرب – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عين العرب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="عين العرب – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عين العرب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="عین‌العرب – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عین‌العرب" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Айн-эль-Араб – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Айн-эль-Араб" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кобани – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кобани" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%98Ayn_al_%E2%80%98Arab_(kapital_sa_distrito)" title="‘Ayn al ‘Arab (kapital sa distrito) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="‘Ayn al ‘Arab (kapital sa distrito)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کۆبانی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆبانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajn_al-Arab" title="Ajn al-Arab – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ajn al-Arab" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA" title="Kobanê – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kobanê" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%90%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CE%BB-%CE%91%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80" title="Αΐν αλ-Αράμπ – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αΐν αλ-Αράμπ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کوبانی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوبانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA" title="Kobanê – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kobanê" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%A9" title="Kobané – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kobané" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kobanî" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="کؤباني – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="کؤباني" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99" title="כובאני – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כובאני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA" title="Kobanê – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kobanê" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AA" title="Kobanê – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kobanê" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%EF%BC%9D%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96" title="アイン・アル＝アラブ – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイン・アル＝アラブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C-%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="აინ-ელ-არაბი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აინ-ელ-არაბი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88" title="코바니 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코바니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kobanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainelaraba" title="Ainelaraba – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ainelaraba" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کوبانی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کوبانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayn_al-Arab" title="Ayn al-Arab – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ayn al-Arab" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayn_al-Arab" title="Ayn al-Arab – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ayn al-Arab" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੋਬਾਨੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੋਬਾਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajn_al-Arab" title="Ajn al-Arab – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ajn al-Arab" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کوبانی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوبانی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="کوباني – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کوباني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kobanî" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Айн-эль-Араб – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Айн-эль-Араб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kobanî" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ڪوباني – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪوباني" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajn_al-Arab" title="Ajn al-Arab – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ajn al-Arab" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кобани – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кобани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobane" title="Kobane – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kobane" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobani" title="Kobani – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kobani" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Кобане – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кобане" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کوبانی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوبانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kobanî" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89" title="ⴽⵓⴱⴰⵏⵉ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴽⵓⴱⴰⵏⵉ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%9B%A0%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="艾因阿拉伯 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="艾因阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q126415#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AA" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Koban%C3%AA" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AA"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AA"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Koban%C3%AA" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Koban%C3%AA" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&oldid=26146127" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Koban%C3%AA&id=26146127&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKoban%25C3%25AA"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKoban%25C3%25AA"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Koban%C3%AA"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Koban%C3%AA&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Koban%C3%AE" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q126415" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24150118">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-background{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kobane</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Kobanê</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">ʿAyn al-ʿArab</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG/250px-Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG/375px-Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG/500px-Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="357" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Negara</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kegubernuran_di_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar kegubernuran di Suriah">Kegubernuran</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=KegubernuranAleppo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KegubernuranAleppo (halaman belum tersedia)">Aleppo</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distrik_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distrik Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">Distrik</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distrik_Ayn_al-Arab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distrik Ayn al-Arab (halaman belum tersedia)">Ayn al-Arab</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ditemukan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">1892</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ketinggian<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">520 m (1,710 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Populasi<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2004)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">44.821</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Etnisitas<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">Kurds Arabs Turkmen Armenians<sup id="cite_ref-etana_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Agama<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Apostolik_Armenia" title="Gereja Apostolik Armenia">Apostolik Armenia</a> <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen Suriah">Kristen Suriah</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zona_waktu" title="Zona waktu">Zona waktu</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Musim panas (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em;padding-left:0em">+3</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kobanê</b>, yang juga dieja <i>Kobane</i> atau <i>Kobanî</i>, dalam bahasa Arab dan secara resmi bernama 'Ayn al-'Arab (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">عين العرب</span>) adalah sebuah kota di <a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Aleppo" title="Kegubernuran Aleppo">Kegubernuran Aleppo</a> di Suriah utara, saat ini dalam sengketa antara pasukan Suriah Kurdistan dan <a href="/wiki/Negara_Islam_Irak_dan_Syam" title="Negara Islam Irak dan Syam">Negara Islam Irak dan Syam</a> (ISIS). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nama">Nama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Nama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Nama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kota ini ditemukan pada saat menjadi pemukiman kecil pada tahun 1892, yang dikenal sebagai <i>Arappınar</i> ("musim semi Arab", juga diberikan "Arab Pinar", "Arab Punar", dan "Arab Pounar" dalam sumber-sumber Eropa) di bawah kekuasaan Ottoman<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan namanya resmi berubah/diterjemahkan ke Ayn al-Arab di bawah pemerintah Suriah.<sup id="cite_ref-esyria_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esyria-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-independent_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asal usul nama Kurdi Kobanê tidak jelas. Etimologi tradisional dari nama tersebut merujuk pada pertumbuhan kota berikutnya di sekitar stasiun kereta api yang dibangun pada tahun 1911 di sepanjang jalan kereta api Konya-Baghdad. Nama Kobanê mungkin perubahan dari kata perusahaan tersebut, dari perusahaan kereta api Jerman yang dibangun sebagai bagian dari kereta api Konya-Baghdad.<sup id="cite_ref-esyria_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esyria-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-independent_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam beberapa dekade sebelum Perang Dunia I, daerah tersebut terutama dihuni oleh suku Kurdi semi-nomaden, banyak tapi tidak semua bagian dari konfederasi Milli. Suku-suku ini baru saja bermigrasi dari utara, mendorong kembali suku-suku Arab yang telah menduduki daerah sebelumnya. Suku-suku ini baru saja bermigrasi dari utara, mendorong kembali suku-suku Arab yang telah menduduki daerah sebelumnya. Saat jalan kereta api Baghdad sedang dibangun, perampok klan Kurdi dari Busrawi dan Shahin Bey-saingan yang tinggal di sisi berlawanan dari lembah di mana kota modern berata -kabarnya dilecehkan saat mencoba untuk menambang basalt dari bukit-bukit di dekatnya, sebagian karena fakta bahwa perusahaan-perusahaan Jerman yang bertanggung jawab untuk konstruksi tersebut lemah dalam menyediakan pembayaran dan kompensasi kepada pemilik tanah setempat.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insinyur Jerman yang tinggal di daerah tersebut pada 1912-1913 menjelaskan "Arab Punar" sebagai sebuah "desa Kurdi kecil di sekitar 35 km sebelah timur dari Efrat" yang terdiri dari sekelompok kecil persegi lumpur gubuk-bata, banyak berupa atap kubah; pondok kepala daerah itu terkenal di kalangan ini dengan penggabungan pintu bergaya Eropa dan jendela dan lantai beton. </p><p>Pada tahun 1915, pengungsi Armenia dari Genosida Armenia mendirikan sebuah desa di sebelah stasiun kereta api, dan segera bergabung dengan Kurdi dari daerah sekitarnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Cockburn_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cockburn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah demarkasi perbatasan dengan Turki di sepanjang jalur kereta api pada tahun 1921, bagian dari kota itu di sebelah kiri dari sisi lain perbatasan, hari ini tergabung dalam kabupaten Suruç sebagai Mürşitpınar dan ada perbatasan eponymous. </p><p>Tata letak infrastruktur kota sebagian besar direncanakan dan dibangun oleh pihak berwenang Prancis selama periode Mandat, dan sejumlah bangunan Prancis dibangun masih berdiri dan digunakan saat ini.<sup id="cite_ref-etana_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada pertengahan abad ke-20, ada tiga gereja Armenia di kota, tetapi sebagian besar penduduk Armenia beremigrasi ke Uni Soviet pada 1960-an.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perang_Saudara_Suriah">Perang Saudara Suriah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Perang Saudara Suriah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perang Saudara Suriah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selama Perang Sipil Suriah, Unit Perlindungan Rakyat (YPG) ditangkap Ayn al-Arab pada tanggal 19 Juli, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-liberated_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liberated-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejak Juli 2012, Ayn al-Arab telah berada di bawah kontrol Kurdi, sedangkan YPG dan politisi Kurdi menunggu otonomi untuk wilayah mereka yang menganggap bagian dari Suriah Kurdistan.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-liberatedtowns_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liberatedtowns-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah peristiwa serupa yang kurang intens di awal 2014, pada tanggal 2 Juli kota dan desa-desa sekitarnya berada di bawah serangan dari pejuang Negara Islam Irak dan Suriah (ISIS).<sup id="cite_ref-isisattacks_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isisattacks-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tanggal 16 September, ISIS kembali mengepung Kobanê dengan serangan skala penuh dari barat dan selatan kota. Pada bulan Oktober 2014 pertahanan dilanggar dan pada hari Selasa, 7 Oktober Presiden Turki mengumumkan bahwa kota itu akan jatuh tak lama lagi kecuali serangan udara dan pasukan darat lebih dipekerjakan.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tak lama setelah pernyataan ini dilaporkan bahwa situasi berubah dalam mendukung Kurdi.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serangan udara yang dipimpin AS telah berpengaruh. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Demografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Memiliki populasi 44.821 dalam sensus Suriah 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-CBS_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBS-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mayoritas penduduk kota adalah Kurdi dan sisanya penduduk terdiri dari komunitas Arab (5%), Turkmen (5%) dan Armenia (1 %).<sup id="cite_ref-etana_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-etana-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-etana_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-etana_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-etana_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140428074433/http://www.etanasyria.org/article-details/1/30">"The Second Report: Ayn al-Arab/Kobani, Etana Billetin-First issue"</a>. Etana Files. 1 December 2013. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etanasyria.org/article-details/1/30">versi asli</a> tanggal 2014-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Second+Report%3A+Ayn+al-Arab%2FKobani%2C+Etana+Billetin-First+issue&rft.pub=Etana+Files&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etanasyria.org%2Farticle-details%2F1%2F30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nisanyanmap.com/?y=Arapp%C4%B1nar&t=&lv=2&u=1&ua=0">Index Anatolicus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-esyria-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-esyria_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-esyria_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=directions&filename=200904091620011">"حسين أمين حسين"...يتحدث عن مدينة "عين العرب" في مئة عام..</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925193509/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html">"Isis in Kobani: Turkey's act of abandonment may mark an 'irrevocable breach' with Kurds across the region"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2015-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-10-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Isis+in+Kobani%3A+Turkey%E2%80%99s+act+of+abandonment+may+mark+an+%27irrevocable+breach%27+with+Kurds+across+the+region&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fisis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Woolley, Sir Leonard (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/deadtownslivingm00wooluoft"><i>Dead towns and living men: Being pages from an antiquary's notebook</i></a>. Oxford Unversity Press. hlm. 178–221.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dead+towns+and+living+men%3A+Being+pages+from+an+antiquary%27s+notebook&rft.pages=178-221&rft.pub=Oxford+Unversity+Press&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Woolley&rft.aufirst=Sir+Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdeadtownslivingm00wooluoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cockburn-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cockburn_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Cockburn, Patrick (7 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925193509/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html">"Isis in Kobani: Turkey's act of abandonment may mark an "irrevocable breach" with Kurds across the region"</a>. Independent. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2015-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-10-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Isis+in+Kobani%3A+Turkey%E2%80%99s+act+of+abandonment+may+mark+an+%22irrevocable+breach%22+with+Kurds+across+the+region&rft.date=2014-10-07&rft.aulast=Cockburn&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fisis-in-kobani-turkeys-act-of-abandonment-may-mark-an-irrevocable-breach-with-kurds-across-the-region-9780941.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Cheterian, Vikin (2 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/politics/2013/10/syria-kurd-pyd-saleh-muslim-secession.html">"Kurdish Leader Denies Syrian Kurds Seek Secession"</a>. Al Monitor<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kurdish+Leader+Denies+Syrian+Kurds+Seek+Secession&rft.date=2013-10-02&rft.aulast=Cheterian&rft.aufirst=Vikin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-monitor.com%2Fpulse%2Fpolitics%2F2013%2F10%2Fsyria-kurd-pyd-saleh-muslim-secession.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span> Originally published in Arabic by Al-Hayat as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alhayat.com/Details/556556">أكراد سورية لا يريدون الانفصال نحارب النظام و«النصرة» ونخشى مجازر</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006152427/http://alhayat.com/Details/556556">Diarsipkan</a> 2014-10-06 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. on 28 September 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-liberated-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-liberated_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rudaw.net/english/kurds/4978.html">"More Kurdish Cities Liberated As Syrian Army Withdraws from Area"</a>. <i>Rudaw</i>. 20 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rudaw&rft.atitle=More+Kurdish+Cities+Liberated+As+Syrian+Army+Withdraws+from+Area&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rudaw.net%2Fenglish%2Fkurds%2F4978.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Rozoff, Rick (3 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurasiareview.com/03082012-natos-secret-kurdish-war-turkey-prepares-iraq-style-attacks-inside-syria-oped/">"NATO's Secret Kurdish War: Turkey Prepares Iraq-style Attacks Inside Syria"</a>. <i>Eurasia Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eurasia+Review&rft.atitle=NATO%27s+Secret+Kurdish+War%3A+Turkey+Prepares+Iraq-style+Attacks+Inside+Syria&rft.date=2012-08-03&rft.aulast=Rozoff&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurasiareview.com%2F03082012-natos-secret-kurdish-war-turkey-prepares-iraq-style-attacks-inside-syria-oped%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-liberatedtowns-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-liberatedtowns_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rudaw.net/english/news/syria/4999.html">"Liberated Kurdish Cities in Syria Move into Next Phase"</a>. <i>Rudaw</i>. 25 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rudaw&rft.atitle=Liberated+Kurdish+Cities+in+Syria+Move+into+Next+Phase&rft.date=2012-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rudaw.net%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2Fsyria%2F4999.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isisattacks-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isisattacks_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150107081700/http://kurdishquestion.com/kurdistan/west-kurdistan/what-s-happening-in-kobane.html">"What's happening in Kobane?"</a>. <i>Kurdish Question</i>. 6 July 2014. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kurdishquestion.com/kurdistan/west-kurdistan/what-s-happening-in-kobane.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2015-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-10-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kurdish+Question&rft.atitle=What%27s+happening+in+Kobane%3F&rft.date=2014-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkurdishquestion.com%2Fkurdistan%2Fwest-kurdistan%2Fwhat-s-happening-in-kobane.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">James, Catherine (6 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/06/islamic-state-flags-reported-flying-in-kurdish-syrian-town-kobani">"ISIS Flags Raised in Kobani Near Turkish–Syrian Border"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=ISIS+Flags+Raised+in+Kobani+Near+Turkish%E2%80%93Syrian+Border&rft.date=2014-10-06&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Foct%2F06%2Fislamic-state-flags-reported-flying-in-kurdish-syrian-town-kobani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">James, Catherine (7 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/07/syrian-kurds-isis-militants-kobani">"Syrian Kurds reportedly holding back Isis militants in Kobani"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Syrian+Kurds+reportedly+holding+back+Isis+militants+in+Kobani&rft.date=2014-10-07&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Foct%2F07%2Fsyrian-kurds-isis-militants-kobani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoban%C3%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBS-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBS_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB02-32-2004.htm">General Census of Population and Housing 2004</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121203025208/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB02-32-2004.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-12-03 di <a href="/wiki/Archive.is" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.is">Archive.is</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Bureau_of_Statistics_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria) (halaman belum tersedia)">Syria Central Bureau of Statistics</a> (CBS). Aleppo Governorate. <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Arab" lang="Arab">(Arab)</span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kobanê&oldid=26146127">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kobanê&oldid=26146127</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kota_di_Suriah" title="Kategori:Kota di Suriah">Kota di Suriah</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_argumen_formatnum_non-numerik" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan argumen formatnum non-numerik">Halaman dengan argumen formatnum non-numerik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_archiveis" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan archiveis">Templat webarchive tautan archiveis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_unknown_parameters" title="Kategori:Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters">Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_no_coordinates" title="Kategori:Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates">Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_Arab" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara Arab">Artikel mengandung aksara Arab</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 9 Agustus 2024, pukul 00.39.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. Lihat <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Ketentuan Penggunaan</a> untuk rincian lebih lanjut.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Kebijakan privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tentang">Tentang Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_umum">Penyangkalan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kode Etik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pengembang</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/id.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Pernyataan kuki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Koban%C3%AA&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Tampilan seluler</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-5mk5f","wgBackendResponseTime":144,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.228","walltime":"0.373","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3559,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":35909,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2669,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":21440,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 241.129 1 -total"," 59.29% 142.974 1 Templat:Infobox_settlement"," 38.68% 93.259 1 Templat:Infobox"," 35.68% 86.033 1 Templat:Reflist"," 13.00% 31.351 5 Templat:Main_other"," 11.92% 28.753 2 Templat:Cite_web"," 9.78% 23.586 8 Templat:Cite_news"," 5.97% 14.399 1 Templat:Infobox_settlement/lengthdisp"," 4.35% 10.492 1 Templat:Infobox_settlement/metric"," 3.50% 8.451 1 Templat:Rnd"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.088","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3765255,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-697b7966c5-z97tx","timestamp":"20241126193948","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Koban\u00ea","url":"https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Koban%C3%AA","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q126415","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q126415","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kontributor dari proyek Wikimedia."},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2014-10-15T16:36:22Z","dateModified":"2024-08-09T00:39:16Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2e\/Koban%C3%A9VOA1.JPG"}</script> </body> </html>