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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-معاصر_سواد" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#معاصر_سواد"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>معاصر سواد</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-معاصر_سواد-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle معاصر سواد subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-معاصر_سواد-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-د_شلمې_پېړۍ_له_نیمايي_وروسته_د_سواد_پراختیا" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_شلمې_پېړۍ_له_نیمايي_وروسته_د_سواد_پراختیا"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱.۱</span> <span>د شلمې پېړۍ له نیمايي وروسته د سواد پراختیا</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_شلمې_پېړۍ_له_نیمايي_وروسته_د_سواد_پراختیا-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سیمه_ئیزې_نابرابرۍ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سیمه_ئیزې_نابرابرۍ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱.۲</span> <span>سیمه ئیزې نابرابرۍ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سیمه_ئیزې_نابرابرۍ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-جنسیتي_نابرابري" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#جنسیتي_نابرابري"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱.۳</span> <span>جنسیتي نابرابري</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-جنسیتي_نابرابري-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-د_ښځو_د_سواد_کچې_د_لوړېدو_پر_وړاندې_ننګونې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_ښځو_د_سواد_کچې_د_لوړېدو_پر_وړاندې_ننګونې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱.۳.۱</span> <span>د ښځو د سواد کچې د لوړېدو پر وړاندې ننګونې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_ښځو_د_سواد_کچې_د_لوړېدو_پر_وړاندې_ننګونې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-په_پرمختللو_هېوادنو_کې_د_هلکانو_لپاره_جنسیتي_نابرابري" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#په_پرمختللو_هېوادنو_کې_د_هلکانو_لپاره_جنسیتي_نابرابري"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱.۳.۲</span> <span>په پرمختللو هېوادنو کې د هلکانو لپاره جنسیتي نابرابري</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-په_پرمختللو_هېوادنو_کې_د_هلکانو_لپاره_جنسیتي_نابرابري-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سرچينې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سرچينې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>سرچينې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سرچينې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">سواد</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۱۱۴ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۱۱۴ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geletterdheid" title="Geletterdheid – افریکانسي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Geletterdheid" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریکانسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisierung_(Lesef%C3%A4higkeit)" title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit) – سویس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سویس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – اراگونېسي" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونېسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="محو الأمية – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محو الأمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="تسكويل – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تسكويل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="সাক্ষৰতা – اسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাক্ষৰতা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="اسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D2%A1%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%8F%D2%99%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D2%AF" title="Уҡый-яҙа белеү – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Уҡый-яҙа белеү" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1tingoms" title="Raštingoms – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Raštingoms" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Граматнасць – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Граматнасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пісьменнасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пісьменнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Грамотност – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грамотност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0" title="साक्षरता दर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साक्षरता दर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balikukalan" title="Balikukalan – بمبارا" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Balikukalan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="بمبارا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="সাক্ষরতা – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাক্ষরতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deski%C3%B1_lenn_ha_skriva%C3%B1" title="Deskiñ lenn ha skrivañ – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deskiñ lenn ha skrivañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Йоза хаар – چيچني" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йоза хаар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چيچني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="خوێندەواری – منځنۍ کوردي" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خوێندەواری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="منځنۍ کوردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savat" title="Savat – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Savat" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramotnost" title="Gramotnost – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gramotnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llythrennedd" title="Llythrennedd – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llythrennedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6sef%C3%A6rdighed" title="Læsefærdighed – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Læsefærdighed" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisierung_(Lesef%C3%A4higkeit)" title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit) – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celik_huruf" title="Celik huruf – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Celik huruf" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αλφαβητισμός – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλφαβητισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legoscio" title="Legoscio – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Legoscio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirjaoskus" title="Kirjaoskus – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kirjaoskus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetatze" title="Alfabetatze – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alfabetatze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سواد – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سواد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukutaito" title="Lukutaito – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukutaito" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C9%94wlan-ny%C9%94xa" title="Nyɔwlan-nyɔxa – فان" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Nyɔwlan-nyɔxa" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="فان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphab%C3%A9tisation" title="Alphabétisation – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphabétisation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeskonst" title="Leeskonst – شمالي فریسیان" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Leeskonst" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="شمالي فریسیان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE" title="નિરક્ષરતા – ګجراتي" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નિરક્ષરતા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="ګجراتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אוריינות – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוריינות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr%C3%A1stud%C3%A1s" title="Írástudás – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Írástudás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գրագիտություն – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisation" title="Alphabetisation – انټرلنګوا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Alphabetisation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انټرلنګوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melek_aksara" title="Melek aksara – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Melek aksara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasia" title="Literasia – الوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Literasia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6si" title="Læsi – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Læsi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizzazione" title="Alfabetizzazione – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabetizzazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tcidu" title="tcidu – لوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tcidu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Сауаттылық – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сауаттылық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98" title="អក្ខរកម្ម – خمر" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អក្ខរកម្ម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="خمر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ – کناډا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کناډا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%B4" title="문해 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="문해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%83" title="Къара таныу – کراچی بالکر" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къара таныу" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="کراچی بالکر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet%C3%AEzm" title="Alfabetîzm – کردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alfabetîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Сабаттуулук – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сабаттуулук" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetismus" title="Alphabetismus – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alphabetismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetiseringsgraod" title="Alfabetiseringsgraod – لمبرگیانی" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Alfabetiseringsgraod" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لمبرگیانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaziun" title="Alfabetizaziun – لومبارډ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Alfabetizaziun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارډ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1tingumas" title="Raštingumas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Raštingumas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakstprat%C4%ABba" title="Rakstpratība – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rakstpratība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi" title="Literasi – مدراسی" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Literasi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="مدراسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – مایتھلي" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="مایتھلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahaizana_mamaky_sy_manoratra" title="Fahaizana mamaky sy manoratra – ملغاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fahaizana mamaky sy manoratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملغاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Писменост – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Писменост" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4" title="സാക്ഷരത – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാക്ഷരത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celik_huruf" title="Celik huruf – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Celik huruf" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leesverm%C3%B6gen" title="Leesvermögen – کښته آلماني" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Leesvermögen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="کښته آلماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – نېپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نېپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geletterdheid" title="Geletterdheid – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geletterdheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesekunne" title="Lesekunne – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lesekunne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesekyndighet" title="Lesekyndighet – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lesekyndighet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸਾਖਰਤਾ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਖਰਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetyzm" title="Alfabetyzm – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfabetyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisassion" title="Alfabetisassion – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Alfabetisassion" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D9%86_%D9%84%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%86" title="پڑھن لکھن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پڑھن لکھن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Alfabetização – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabetização" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizare" title="Alfabetizare – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfabetizare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Грамотность – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грамотность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Ґрамотность – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґрамотность" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – سنسکریټ" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="سنسکریټ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B" title="ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ – سنتالي" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="سنتالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabbetizzazioni" title="Alfabbetizzazioni – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Alfabbetizzazioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramotnos%C5%A5" title="Gramotnosť – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gramotnosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkrim-leximi" title="Shkrim-leximi – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkrim-leximi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Писменост – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Писменост" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4skunnighet" title="Läskunnighet – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Läskunnighet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwezo_wa_kusoma_na_kuandika" title="Uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika – سواهېلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواهېلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="எழுத்தறிவு – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எழுத்தறிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A4" title="అక్షరాస్యత – تېليګو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అక్షరాస్యత" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تېليګو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Савод – تاجکي" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Савод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="การรู้หนังสือ – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การรู้หนังสือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi" title="Literasi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Literasi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okuryazarl%C4%B1k" title="Okuryazarlık – ترکي" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Okuryazarlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Грамотність – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Грамотність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="خواندگی – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خواندگی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savodlilik" title="Savodlilik – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Savodlilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BA%BFt_ch%E1%BB%AF" title="Biết chữ – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biết chữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inadman" title="Inadman – وارۍ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inadman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارۍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%86%E5%AD%97" title="识字 – وو چینایی" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="识字" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چینایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98" title="ליטעראט – يديش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליטעראט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="يديش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat-j%C4%AB" title="Bat-jī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bat-jī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – کانټوني" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانټوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8236#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="نوم-تشيالونه"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="د مخ مېنځپانگه کتل [c]" accesskey="c"><span>مخ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90:%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="د مخ د مېنځپانگې په اړه خبرې اترې (تر اوسه پورې نه شته) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>خبرې اترې</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">پښتو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="کتنې"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=history" title="د دې مخ پخوانۍ بڼې [h]" accesskey="h"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="اوزارونه" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">اوزارونه</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=history"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:WhatLinksHere/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="د ويکي د ټولو هغو مخونو لړليک چې همدې مخ سره تړنې لري [j]" accesskey="j"><span>د دې مخ تړنې</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:RecentChangesLinked/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" rel="nofollow" title="له دې مخ سره د تړل شويو مخونو وروستي بدلونونه [k]" accesskey="k"><span>اړونده بدلونونه</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ps" title="دوتنې پورته کول [u]" accesskey="u"><span>انځور/رسنۍ پورته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="د ټولو ځانگړو پاڼو لړليک [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ځانگړي مخونه</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&oldid=326182" title="د دې مخ د همدې بڼې تلپاتې تړنه"><span>تلپاتې تړنه</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=info" title="د دې مخ اړونده نور مالومات"><span>د مخ مالومات</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9&page=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&id=326182&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="دې مخ ته د اخځ مالومات"><span>د دې مخ اخځ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF"><span>لنډ URL ترلاسه کړئ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF"><span>د QR کوډ يې ډاونلوډ کړئ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چاپول/صادرول </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF"><span>يو کتاب جوړول</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=show-download-screen"><span>د PDF په بڼه ښکته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&printable=yes" title="د دې مخ چاپي بڼه [p]" accesskey="p"><span>چاپي بڼه</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> په نورو پروژو کې </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Literacy" hreflang="en"><span>ويکيمېډيا کامنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8236" title="د نښلېدلي اومتوک زېرمتون توکي سره تړنه [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ويکي‌ډېټا توکی</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ښکارېدونکې بڼه"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ښکارېدونکې بڼه</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">پټول</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div 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.entete.tennis-de-table{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Table_tennis_pictogram_white.svg/40px-Table_tennis_pictogram_white.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.tennis-de-tableblack{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Table_tennis_pictogram.svg/35px-Table_tennis_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.timbre{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Picto_infobox_Stamps.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.train{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Infobox_train.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.triathlon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Triathlon_pictogram.svg/40px-Triathlon_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.ultimate{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ultimate_pictogram.svg/70px-Ultimate_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.union-europeenne{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Picto_Infobox_Europe.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/35px-Tango-video-x-generic.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.voile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sailing_pictogram.svg/40px-Sailing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.volleyball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox"><div style="justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap"><div class="entete" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000"><div>سواد</div></div><div style="border:unset;padding:unset"><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg/220px-World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg/330px-World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg/440px-World_map_of_countries_by_literacy_rate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></div></div><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">ټوليز مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">عمومي مالومات</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D9%88%D9%85" title="مفهوم">مفهوم</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11862829" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q11862829"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">پوهنتوني رشته</span></a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236?uselang=ps#P31" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">ځانګړې وېشنيزه</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%93%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA)" title="وړتيا (مهارت)">وړتيا (مهارت)</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q116671462" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q116671462"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">basic study subject</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116671462?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236?uselang=ps#P279" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">نور اړين مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">لامل</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%DA%93%D9%87" title="زده کړه">زده کړه</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236?uselang=ps#P828" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="overflow nav"><div class="prev_bloc"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2250016" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2250016"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">learning to read</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2250016?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236?uselang=ps#P155" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="display:block;flex:auto;border-top:2px dotted #E1E1E1;width:100%"><span class="plainlinks" style="background:inherit;text-align:right;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&veaction=edit&section=0">سمول</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=0">سرچینه سمول</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236" class="extiw" title="d:Q8236">ويکي‌ډېټا سمول</a></span><span style="text-align:left;float:left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="لاسوند وګورئ"><img alt="لاسوند وګورئ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/30px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/45px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/60px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></p></div></div> <p>سواد د خپلې پراخې معنا له مخې «ځانته د فکري لیدلوري او د لیک لوست وړتیا لرلو» ته اړوندېږي چې له هغو څخه د ځانګړو مواردو اړوند د افکارو یا عقایدو د څرګندولو په موخه ګټنه کېږي. په بل عبارت په باسواده ټولنو کې وګړي د لیکلو د تولید او مصرف ټولګې لري او د دغو اعمالو اړوند یو لړ باورونه لري. د دغه لیدلوري له مخې لوستل تل د یوې موخې لپاره لوستلو او لیکل تل د یوې ځانګړې موخې  لپاره یو چاته لیکلو ته ویل کېږي. د یوې ټولنې او د هغو د اشخاصو لپاره د لیک لوست او د هغو د ارزښت اړوند باورونه تل د سواد د ښوونې، زده کولو او له هغو د ګټنې په لارو چارو اغېز لري. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>یو شمېر څېړونکي وړاندیز کوي چې د «سواد» له مفهوم سره د لیوالتیا تاریخچه کېدلای شي په دوه دورو وویشل شي. لومړۍ دوره یې له ۱۹۵۰ زکال وړاندې ده، هغه مهال چې سواد یوازې د الفبايي سواد (د کلماتو او حروفو د پېژندنې) په توګه پېژندل کېده. دویمه دوره یې بیا له ۱۹۵۰ زکال وروسته ده چې سواد په تدریج سره د یو مفهوم او پراخ بهیر په توګه له دې ډلې د لیک لوست د ټولنیزو او کلتوري اړخونو او عملي سواد په توګه په پام کې ونیول شو (Dijanošić، ۲۰۰۹ زکال). <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="معاصر_سواد"><span id=".D9.85.D8.B9.D8.A7.D8.B5.D8.B1_.D8.B3.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AF"></span>معاصر سواد</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="د سمولو برخه: معاصر سواد"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="د_شلمې_پېړۍ_له_نیمايي_وروسته_د_سواد_پراختیا"><span id=".D8.AF_.D8.B4.D9.84.D9.85.DB.90_.D9.BE.DB.90.DA.93.DB.8D_.D9.84.D9.87_.D9.86.DB.8C.D9.85.D8.A7.D9.8A.D9.8A_.D9.88.D8.B1.D9.88.D8.B3.D8.AA.D9.87_.D8.AF_.D8.B3.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AF_.D9.BE.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.AE.D8.AA.DB.8C.D8.A7"></span>د شلمې پېړۍ له نیمايي وروسته د سواد پراختیا</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="د سمولو برخه: د شلمې پېړۍ له نیمايي وروسته د سواد پراختیا"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د یونسکو سازمان له خوا د باسوادۍ اړوند خپرې شوې شمېرې ښيي چې له ۱۹۵۰ زکال وروسته د نړۍ په کچه د لویانو ترمنځ د باسوادۍ کچه په هره لسیزه کې په منځنۍ کچه ۵ سلنه لوړه شوې چې له مخې یې د ۱۹۵۰ زکال د ۵۵.۷ سلنه څخه په ۲۰۱۵ زکال کې ۸۶.۲ سلنه ته لوړوالی لری. ورته مهال د څلورو لسیزو لپاره د نفوسو وده په دومره کچه چټکه وه چې له امله یې د بېسوادو لویانو شمېر مخ پر زیاتوالي شو او د ۱۹۵۰ زکال له ۷۰۰ میلیونو تنو بیسوادو وګړو څخه یې شمېر په ۱۹۹۰ زکال کې ۸۷۸ میلیون تنو ته ورسېد؛ دغه کچه په داسې حال کې له ۱۹۵۰ زکال څخه لوړه شوه چې د لسیزو لپاره د زده کړو نړیوالو سیاستونو، په روزنیو چارو کې مداخلاتو، چاپي توکو او همدارنګه ارتباطي او اطلاعاتي ټکنالوژیو هم شتون درلود. خو دغه موارد په ټولو سیمو کې په یو ډول نه و. <sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="سیمه_ئیزې_نابرابرۍ"><span id=".D8.B3.DB.8C.D9.85.D9.87_.D8.A6.DB.8C.D8.B2.DB.90_.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.DB.8D"></span>سیمه ئیزې نابرابرۍ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="د سمولو برخه: سیمه ئیزې نابرابرۍ"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>شته نړیوال معلومات ښيي چې د نړۍ په بېلابېلو برخو کې د سواد په کچه کې بېلابېل توپيرونه شتون لري. شمالي امریکا، اروپا، لویدیځه آسیا او مرکزي آسیا د ښځو او نارینه وو لویانو (له ۱۵ کلنو څخه د لویانو) د سواد نږدې بشپړې کچې ته رسېدلي. د ختیځې اسیا او ارام سمندر په ډېری هېوادونو او همدارنګه د لاتین امریکا او کارابین په هېوادونو کې د لویانو د سواد کچه له ۹۰ سلنه څخه لوړه ده. ورته مهال په نور سیمو کې بېسوادي بیا په پام وړ بڼه شتون لري: د یونسکو د احصایوي انستیتیوت د ۲۰۱۳ زکال شمېرې ښيي چې په سویلي آسیا او شمالي افریقا کې په لویانو کې د باسوادۍ کچه یوازې ۶۷ سلنه او د افریقا د صحرا په سویل کې بیا ۵۹.۷۶ سلنه ده. <sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د نړۍ په ډېرو برخو کې د ځوانانو د سواد لوړه کچه ښيي چې دغه ځوانو نسلونو د خپلو مشرانو په ځای نیولو سره په تدریجي بڼه د بېسوادۍ کچه له راکمولو سره مخ کړې. له دې سره د افریقا د صحرا په سویل او سویلي اسیا کې چېرې په زیاته کچه ځوان بېسواده وګړي شتون لري؛ په ابتدايي ښوونځیو کې د نوم ثبتونې بهیر څرګندوي چې په دغه سیمو کې به بیسوادي تر ډېر مهاله دوام ولري. په ۲۰۱۳ زکال کې د یونسکو د شمېرو له مخې په سویلي آسیا او شمالي افریقا کې د ځوانانو (له ۱۵ کلنۍ څخه تر ۲۴ کلنۍ) د باسوادۍ کچه ۸۴.۰۳ سلنه او د افریقا د صحرا په سویل کې ۷۰.۰۶ سلنه وه. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:32_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="جنسیتي_نابرابري"><span id=".D8.AC.D9.86.D8.B3.DB.8C.D8.AA.D9.8A_.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.D9.8A"></span>جنسیتي نابرابري</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="د سمولو برخه: جنسیتي نابرابري"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>په ۲۰۱۵ زکال کې د یونسکو د احصایوي انستیتیوت د شمېرو له مخې د نړۍ د بیسواده لویانو له ډلې دوه په درې (۶۳٪) برخه یې ښځې جوړوي. دغه نابرابري په تېرو لسیزو کې له دې هم زیاته وه: له ۱۹۷۰ زکال څخه تر ۲۰۰۰ زکال پورې د سواد د جنسیتي نابرابرۍ کچه نږدې ۵۰ سلنه راکمه شوه. په وروستیو کلونو کې دغه وده راکمه شوه او باقي جنسیتي نابرابري د نږدې دوه لسیزو لپاره ثابته پاتې شوه. په ټولیز ډول په سواد کې جنسیتي نابرابري د سیمه ئیزې نابرابرۍ په کچه پام وړ نه ده؛ په دې معنی چی د سواد په برخه کې د هېوادونو ترمنځ توپیر په هېوادونو کې د ننه جنسیتي نابرابرۍ پر وړاندې زیات دی.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:42_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د افریقا د صحرا سویلي هېوادونه هغه هېوادونه دي چې په ټولیزه کچه د سواد ټیټه کچه لري او همدارنګه په کې د سواد په برخه کې جنسیتي نابرابري لوړه ده: یوازې ۵۲ سلنه بالغې ښځې یې باسواده دي چې دغه کچه د نارینه و ترمنځ ۶۸ سلنه ده. ورته جنسیتي نابرابري په دوه نورو سیمو کې هم شتون لري چې شمالي افریقا او سویلي اسیا دي؛ په شمالي افریقا کې ۸۶ بالغ نارینه او ۷۰ سلنه بالغې ښځې او همدارنګه په سویلي اسیا کې ۷۷ سلنه بالغ نارینه او ۵۸ سلنه بالغې ښځې باسواده دي. <sup id="cite_ref-:03_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د ټولو لپاره د زده کړو په موخه د ۱۹۹۰ زکال نړیوال کنفرانس چې د تایلنډ په جومتین کې ترسره شو د باسواده وګړو ترمنځ جنیستي توپیر ته یې پام وکړ او مخ پر ودې ډېری هېوادونه یې مکلف وګڼل چې د ښځو سواد ته په خپلو لومړیتوبونو کې ځای ورکړي. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په ډېرو برخو کې د ښځو د بېسوادۍ موضوع د جنسیتي نابرابرۍ له نور اړخونو سره هم اړیکه لري. مارتا نوسبام څرګندوي چې دې ته په پام چې بیسوادي نه یوازې د ښځو کاري فرصتونه محدود کوي او په کور د ننه د هغو ناندرۍ کوونکي ځایګی له منځه وړي هغوی تر ډېره د یو ځورونکي واده سره هم مخ کوي. له دې سربېره نوسبام د ښځو لپاره سواد هغې قوه بولي چې پر مټ یې په اغېزمنه توګه کولای شي «د سیاسي بدلونو لپاره په یوه لوی خوځښت کې» له یوبل سره اغېزمنې اړیکې او همکارۍ رامنځته کړي.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="د_ښځو_د_سواد_کچې_د_لوړېدو_پر_وړاندې_ننګونې"><span id=".D8.AF_.DA.9A.DA.81.D9.88_.D8.AF_.D8.B3.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AF_.DA.A9.DA.86.DB.90_.D8.AF_.D9.84.D9.88.DA.93.DB.90.D8.AF.D9.88_.D9.BE.D8.B1_.D9.88.DA.93.D8.A7.D9.86.D8.AF.DB.90_.D9.86.D9.86.DA.AB.D9.88.D9.86.DB.90"></span>د ښځو د سواد کچې د لوړېدو پر وړاندې ننګونې</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="د سمولو برخه: د ښځو د سواد کچې د لوړېدو پر وړاندې ننګونې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ټولنیزې ستونزې د ښځو او نجونو د زده کړو پر وړاندې ننګونې رامنځته کوي. د سواد زده کړو د ټولګیو جوړول هغه مهال اغېز نه لري چې د ښځو او نجونو د با ارزښته محدود وخت سره په ټکر کې وي. د ښوونځي په عمر کې نجونې په ډېری برخو کې د خپلو نارینه سیالانو په پرتله د کور د چارو د سمبالښت او له خپلو کوچنیو خویندو او وروڼو څخه د پالنې له تمې سره مخ دي. نسلي تحرک هم کېدای شي دغه نابرابریو ته دوام ورکړي: بې سواده والدین کېدلای شي د خپلو لوڼو لپاره د سواد ارزښت په اسانۍ درک نه کړي؛ په ځانګړې توګه په سنتي او کلیوالي ټولنو کې چې تمه لري نجونې په کور کې پاتې شي. <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په ۲۰۱۵ زکال کې نړیوال بانک او په ښځو باندې د څېړنو نړیوال مرکز په علمي ادبیاتو باندې په بیا کتنې سره دا وموندله چې د ماشومانو واده تر ډېره په نجونو کې د سواد سره د هغوی د لیوالتیا د کچې پر کمښت اغېز کوي. په ۲۰۰۸ زکال کې په بنګلادیش کې د دغې موضوع تجزیې او تحلیل و ښووله چې د یوې نجلۍ په واده کې په هر یو کال ځنډ سره د هغو د سواد احتمال ۵.۶ سلنه لوړېږي. په همدغه توګه په ۲۰۱۴ زکال کې یوې څېړنې وښووله چې د افریقا د صحرا په سویلي هېوادونو کې ژر واده کولو په پام وړ توګه د نجونو د سواد کچې پر کمښت اغېز لرلی. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="په_پرمختللو_هېوادنو_کې_د_هلکانو_لپاره_جنسیتي_نابرابري"><span id=".D9.BE.D9.87_.D9.BE.D8.B1.D9.85.D8.AE.D8.AA.D9.84.D9.84.D9.88_.D9.87.DB.90.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AF.D9.86.D9.88_.DA.A9.DB.90_.D8.AF_.D9.87.D9.84.DA.A9.D8.A7.D9.86.D9.88_.D9.84.D9.BE.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.87_.D8.AC.D9.86.D8.B3.DB.8C.D8.AA.D9.8A_.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B1.D9.8A"></span>په پرمختللو هېوادنو کې د هلکانو لپاره جنسیتي نابرابري</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=6" title="د سمولو برخه: په پرمختللو هېوادنو کې د هلکانو لپاره جنسیتي نابرابري"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>په داسې حال کې چې ښځې اونجونې د نړۍ د بیسواده وګړو لویه برخه جوړوي، په یو شمېر پرمختللو هېوادونو کې د سواد جنسیتي نابرابري په مخالف لوري کې شتون لري. د نړیوالو زده کوونکو د ارزونې د پروګرام (PISA) موندنو په پرلپسې د اقتصادي همکاریو او پراختیا د سازمان په ډېری غړوهېوادونو کې د سواد په برخه کې د هلکانو لږ بریا ته اشاره کړې. دغو موندنو ته په پام د زده کړو د برخې ډېری متخصصینو د زده کړو په ټولګیو کې د درسي میتودونو د بدلون لارښوونه کړې څو د هلکانو د زده کړې کولو سبکونه په ښه توګه پلي کړي او هر ډول جنسیتي کلیشې چې لیک لوست د ښځینه فعالیتونو په توګه بولي له منځه یوسي. <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سرچينې"><span id=".D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.D9.8A.D9.86.DB.90"></span>سرچينې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=7" title="د سمولو برخه: سرچينې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFStreet2001" class="citation book cs1">Street, Brian (2001). "Introduction". <i>Literacy and Development: Ethnographic Perspectives</i>. London: Routledge. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Literacy+and+Development%3A+Ethnographic+Perspectives&rft.place=London&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Street&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFRowsellPahl2020" class="citation book cs1">Rowsell, Jennifer; Pahl, Kate (2020). <i>The Routledge Handbook of Literacy Studies</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9780367501723" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/9780367501723 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>9780367501723</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Routledge+Handbook+of+Literacy+Studies&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780367501723&rft.aulast=Rowsell&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.au=Pahl%2C+Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFCalvet1999" class="citation book cs1">Calvet, Louis-Jean (1999). <i>Towards an Ecology of World Languages</i>. Cambridge: Polity. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/0-7456-2956-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/0-7456-2956-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>0-7456-2956-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Towards+an+Ecology+of+World+Languages&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Polity&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7456-2956-3&rft.aulast=Calvet&rft.aufirst=Louis-Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFLankshearKnobel2007" class="citation book cs1">Lankshear, Colin; Knobel, Michelle (2007). "Sampling the 'New' in New Literacies". <i>A New Literacies Sampler</i>. New York: Peter Lang. p. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-8204-9523-1" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-8204-9523-1 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-8204-9523-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sampling+the+%27New%27+in+New+Literacies&rft.btitle=A+New+Literacies+Sampler&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8204-9523-1&rft.aulast=Lankshear&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.au=Knobel%2C+Michelle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFLindquist2015" class="citation book cs1">Lindquist, Julie (2015). "Literacy". <i>Keywords in Writing Studies</i>. Logan: Utah State UP. pp. 99–102.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Literacy&rft.btitle=Keywords+in+Writing+Studies&rft.place=Logan&rft.pages=99-102&rft.pub=Utah+State+UP&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Lindquist&rft.aufirst=Julie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1">Réka, Vágvölgyi; Bergström, Aleksandar; Bulajić, Maria Klatte;Falk, Huettig (May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333470256">"Understanding functional illiteracy from a policy, adult education, and cognition point of view: Towards a joint referent framework, researchgate.net"</a>. p. 111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+functional+illiteracy+from+a+policy%2C+adult+education%2C+and+cognition+point+of+view%3A+Towards+a+joint+referent+framework%2C+researchgate.net&rft.pages=111&rft.date=2019-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F333470256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Cite_web" class="mw-redirect" title="کينډۍ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: نگهداری یادکرد:استفاده از پارامتر نویسندگان (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:نگهداری یادکرد:استفاده از پارامتر نویسندگان (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGee,_J._(1991)" class="citation journal cs1">Gee, J. (1991). "Socio-Cultural Approaches to Literacy (Literacies). Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 12": 31–48. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0267190500002130">10.1017/S0267190500002130</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمانتیک اسکالر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146415110">146415110</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Socio-Cultural+Approaches+to+Literacy+%28Literacies%29.+Annual+Review+of+Applied+Linguistics+12&rft.pages=31-48&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0267190500002130&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146415110%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Gee%2C+J.+%281991%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Cite_journal" title="کينډۍ:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="لارښود:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO2017" class="citation book cs1">UNESCO (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002475/247563e.pdf"><i>Reading the past, writing the future: Fifty years of promoting literacy</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Paris, UNESCO. pp. 21–23, 26. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-92-3-100214-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-92-3-100214-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-92-3-100214-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reading+the+past%2C+writing+the+future%3A+Fifty+years+of+promoting+literacy&rft.pages=21-23%2C+26&rft.pub=Paris%2C+UNESCO&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-92-3-100214-4&rft.au=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fimages%2F0024%2F002475%2F247563e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUIS" class="citation web cs1">UIS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?queryid=166#">"Education : Literacy rate"</a>. <i>data.uis.unesco.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.uis.unesco.org&rft.atitle=Education+%3A+Literacy+rate&rft.au=UIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.uis.unesco.org%2FIndex.aspx%3Fqueryid%3D166%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO_Institute_for_Statistics2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">UNESCO Institute for Statistics (September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315043900/http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">"Adult and Youth Literacy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UIS Fact Sheet</i>. No. 32. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UIS+Fact+Sheet&rft.atitle=Adult+and+Youth+Literacy&rft.volume=No.+32&rft.date=2015-09&rft.au=UNESCO+Institute+for+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uis.unesco.org%2Fliteracy%2FDocuments%2Ffs32-2015-literacy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wagner, Daniel A., Fatima Tuz Zahra, and Jinsol Lee. (2016). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k0mUCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97">Literacy Development: Global Research and Policy Perspectives</a></i>. In <i>Childhood and Adolescence: Cross-Cultural Perspectives and Applications</i>. Ed. Uwe P. Gielen and Jaipaul L. Roopnarine. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 105. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4408-3223-9" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4408-3223-9">978-1-4408-3223-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:32-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:32_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUIS" class="citation web cs1">UIS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?queryid=166#">"Education : Literacy rate"</a>. <i>data.uis.unesco.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.uis.unesco.org&rft.atitle=Education+%3A+Literacy+rate&rft.au=UIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.uis.unesco.org%2FIndex.aspx%3Fqueryid%3D166%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wagner, Daniel A., Fatima Tuz Zahra, and Jinsol Lee. (2016). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k0mUCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=%22Literacy+Development:+Global+Research+and+Policy+Perspectives%22&source=bl&ots=U3fjyktLc4&sig=WWwoXc2jEHTsezj7XicxKODUKVs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwipv4Si7u7MAhUOLlIKHYe7Dv0Q6AEIHDAA#v=onep">Literacy Development: Global Research and Policy Perspectives</a>." In <i>Childhood and Adolescence: Cross-Cultural Perspectives and Applications</i>. Ed. Uwe P. Gielen and Jaipaul L. Roopnarine. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 106. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4408-3223-9" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4408-3223-9">978-1-4408-3223-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sdgs.un.org/goals">"THE 17 GOALS | Department of Economic and Social Affairs"</a>. <i>sdgs.un.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2020-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sdgs.un.org&rft.atitle=THE+17+GOALS+%7C+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsdgs.un.org%2Fgoals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFDoriusFirebaugh2010" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dorius, Shawn F.; Firebaugh, Glenn (1 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107548">"Trends in Global Gender Inequality"</a>. <i>Social Forces</i> (په انګليسي). <b>88</b> (5): 1941–1968. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsof.2010.0040">10.1353/sof.2010.0040</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0037-7732">0037-7732</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%85%DB%90%DA%89%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="پبمېډسنټرل (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107548">3107548</a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="پاب‌مد (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21643494">21643494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Forces&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Global+Gender+Inequality&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1941-1968&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3107548%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0037-7732&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21643494&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsof.2010.0040&rft.aulast=Dorius&rft.aufirst=Shawn+F.&rft.au=Firebaugh%2C+Glenn&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3107548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO_Institute_for_Statistics2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">UNESCO Institute for Statistics (September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315043900/http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">"Adult and Youth Literacy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UIS Fact Sheet</i>. No. 32. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UIS+Fact+Sheet&rft.atitle=Adult+and+Youth+Literacy&rft.volume=No.+32&rft.date=2015-09&rft.au=UNESCO+Institute+for+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uis.unesco.org%2Fliteracy%2FDocuments%2Ffs32-2015-literacy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The World Bank. (2012). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2012/Resources/7778105-1299699968583/7786210-1315936222006/chapter-3.pdf">Education and Health: Where do Gender Differences Really Matter</a>?" in Gender Equality and Development: World Development Report 2012. Washington, D.C: The World Bank: 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:42-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:42_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO2017" class="citation book cs1">UNESCO (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002475/247563e.pdf"><i>Reading the past, writing the future: Fifty years of promoting literacy</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Paris, UNESCO. pp. 21–23, 26. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-92-3-100214-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-92-3-100214-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-92-3-100214-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reading+the+past%2C+writing+the+future%3A+Fifty+years+of+promoting+literacy&rft.pages=21-23%2C+26&rft.pub=Paris%2C+UNESCO&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-92-3-100214-4&rft.au=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fimages%2F0024%2F002475%2F247563e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:03-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:03_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO_Institute_for_Statistics2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">UNESCO Institute for Statistics (September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315043900/http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">"Adult and Youth Literacy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UIS Fact Sheet</i>. No. 32. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uis.unesco.org/literacy/Documents/fs32-2015-literacy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UIS+Fact+Sheet&rft.atitle=Adult+and+Youth+Literacy&rft.volume=No.+32&rft.date=2015-09&rft.au=UNESCO+Institute+for+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uis.unesco.org%2Fliteracy%2FDocuments%2Ffs32-2015-literacy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFAgnaou2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Agnaou, Fatima (1 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PWz6mAEACAAJ"><i>Gender, Literacy, and Empowerment in Morocco</i></a> (په انګليسي). Routledge. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9780415947657" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/9780415947657 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>9780415947657</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gender%2C+Literacy%2C+and+Empowerment+in+Morocco&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.isbn=9780415947657&rft.aulast=Agnaou&rft.aufirst=Fatima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPWz6mAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum2004" class="citation journal cs1">Nussbaum, Martha C. (1 January 2004). "Women's Education: A Global Challenge". <i>Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society</i>. <b>29</b> (2): 332–333. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F378571">10.1086/378571</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0097-9740">0097-9740</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمانتیک اسکالر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144593937">144593937</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Signs%3A+Journal+of+Women+in+Culture+and+Society&rft.atitle=Women%27s+Education%3A+A+Global+Challenge&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=332-333&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144593937%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0097-9740&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F378571&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Martha+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFHillKing1995" class="citation journal cs1">Hill, M. Anne; King, Elizabeth (1 July 1995). "Women's education and economic well-being". <i>Feminist Economics</i>. <b>1</b> (2): 21–46. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F714042230">10.1080/714042230</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1354-5701">1354-5701</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Feminist+Economics&rft.atitle=Women%27s+education+and+economic+well-being&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=21-46&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F714042230&rft.issn=1354-5701&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=M.+Anne&rft.au=King%2C+Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160421083037/http://worldliteracyfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/WLF-FINAL-ECONOMIC-REPORT.pdf">"The Economic and Social Cost of Illiteracy: A Snapshot of Illiteracy in a Global Context"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. World Literacy Foundation. 24 August 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldliteracyfoundation.org//wp-content/uploads/2015/02/WLF-FINAL-ECONOMIC-REPORT.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 21 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Economic+and+Social+Cost+of+Illiteracy%3A+A+Snapshot+of+Illiteracy+in+a+Global+Context&rft.pub=World+Literacy+Foundation&rft.date=2015-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldliteracyfoundation.org%2F%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F02%2FWLF-FINAL-ECONOMIC-REPORT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Mekhlafy, Tawfiq A. (2008). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/547664-1099080014368/DID_Girls_edu.pdf">Strategies for Gender Equality in Basic and Secondary Education: A Comprehensive and Integrated Approach in the Republic of Yemen</a>." In <i>Girls’ Education in the 21st Century: Gender Equality, Empowerment, and Economic Growth,</i> ed. Mercy Tembon and Lucia Fort. Washington D.C.: The World Bank.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wodon, Quentin, et al. "Child Marriage and the 2030 Agenda: Selected Findings from Early Research." (September 2015). <i>The Economic Impacts of Child Marriage</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.costsofchildmarriage.org/publication/child-marriage-and-2030-agenda">http://www.costsofchildmarriage.org/publication/child-marriage-and-2030-agenda</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFFieldAmbrus2008" class="citation journal cs1">Field, Erica; Ambrus, Attila (1 October 2008). "Early Marriage, Age of Menarche, and Female Schooling Attainment in Bangladesh". <i>Journal of Political Economy</i>. <b>116</b> (5): 881–930. <a href="/w/index.php?title=CiteSeerX_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CiteSeerX (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.662.7231">10.1.1.662.7231</a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F593333">10.1086/593333</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3808">0022-3808</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمانتیک اسکالر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:215805592">215805592</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Political+Economy&rft.atitle=Early+Marriage%2C+Age+of+Menarche%2C+and+Female+Schooling+Attainment+in+Bangladesh&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=881-930&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft_id=%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.662.7231%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A215805592%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0022-3808&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F593333&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.au=Ambrus%2C+Attila&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFParsonsEdmeadesKesPetroni2015" class="citation journal cs1">Parsons, Jennifer; Edmeades, Jeffrey; Kes, Aslihan; Petroni, Suzanne; Sexton, Maggie; Wodon, Quentin (3 July 2015). "Economic Impacts of Child Marriage: A Review of the Literature". <i>The Review of Faith & International Affairs</i>. <b>13</b> (3): 12–22. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15570274.2015.1075757">10.1080/15570274.2015.1075757</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hdl_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hdl (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">hdl</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/10986%2F23530">10986/23530</a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1557-0274">1557-0274</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمانتیک اسکالر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146194521">146194521</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Review+of+Faith+%26+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Economic+Impacts+of+Child+Marriage%3A+A+Review+of+the+Literature&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=12-22&rft.date=2015-07-03&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10986%2F23530&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146194521%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1557-0274&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F15570274.2015.1075757&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.au=Edmeades%2C+Jeffrey&rft.au=Kes%2C+Aslihan&rft.au=Petroni%2C+Suzanne&rft.au=Sexton%2C+Maggie&rft.au=Wodon%2C+Quentin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nguyen, Minh Cong and Quentin Wodon. (September 2014). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allinschool.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/OOSC-2014-QW-Child-Marriage-final.pdf">Impact of Child Marriage on Literacy and Education Attainment in Africa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160629180823/http://allinschool.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/OOSC-2014-QW-Child-Marriage-final.pdf">Archived</a> 29 June 2016 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.." In <i>Child Marriage and Education in Sub-Saharan Africa,</i> ed. Quentin Wodon. Washington, DC: World Bank.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFSenn2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Senn, Nicole (1 November 2012). "Effective Approaches to Motivate and Engage Reluctant Boys in Literacy". <i>The Reading Teacher</i> (په انګليسي). <b>66</b> (3): 211–220. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2FTRTR.01107">10.1002/TRTR.01107</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1936-2714">1936-2714</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Reading+Teacher&rft.atitle=Effective+Approaches+to+Motivate+and+Engage+Reluctant+Boys+in+Literacy&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=211-220&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2FTRTR.01107&rft.issn=1936-2714&rft.aulast=Senn&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFManitoba_EducationCitizenship_and_Youth2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Manitoba Education; Citizenship and Youth (January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZHAAAAACAAJ"><i>Me Read? No Way!: A Practical Guide to Improving Boys' Literacy Skills</i></a> (په انګليسي). Government of Manitoba. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9780771135064" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/9780771135064 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>9780771135064</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Me+Read%3F+No+Way%21%3A+A+Practical+Guide+to+Improving+Boys%27+Literacy+Skills&rft.pub=Government+of+Manitoba&rft.date=2006-01&rft.isbn=9780771135064&rft.au=Manitoba+Education&rft.au=Citizenship+and+Youth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7ZHAAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFWatsonKehlerMartino2010" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Watson, Anne; Kehler, Michael; Martino, Wayne (1 February 2010). "The Problem of Boys' Literacy Underachievement: Raising Some Questions". <i>Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy</i> (په انګليسي). <b>53</b> (5): 356–361. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1598%2FJAAL.53.5.1">10.1598/JAAL.53.5.1</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د تمديد نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1936-2706">1936-2706</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمانتیک اسکالر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:35301500">35301500</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Adolescent+%26+Adult+Literacy&rft.atitle=The+Problem+of+Boys%27+Literacy+Underachievement%3A+Raising+Some+Questions&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=356-361&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A35301500%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1936-2706&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1598%2FJAAL.53.5.1&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.au=Kehler%2C+Michael&rft.au=Martino%2C+Wayne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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