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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Snelle daling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snelle_daling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daling_naar_de_landingsbaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daling_naar_de_landingsbaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Daling naar de landingsbaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daling_naar_de_landingsbaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daling_in_een_helikopter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daling_in_een_helikopter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Daling in een helikopter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daling_in_een_helikopter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinkflug" title="Sinkflug – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sinkflug" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descent_(aeronautics)" title="Descent (aeronautics) – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Descent (aeronautics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%94_(%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94)" title="הנמכה (תעופה) – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנמכה (תעופה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picchiata" title="Picchiata – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Picchiata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zni%C5%BCanie" title="Zniżanie – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zniżanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C)" title="نزول (علم طیارہ سازی) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نزول (علم طیارہ سازی)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Attitude_indicator_descend_left_turn.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Attitude_indicator_descend_left_turn.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Voorbeeld van een <a href="/wiki/Kunstmatige_horizon" title="Kunstmatige horizon">kunstmatige horizon</a> met een daling in een bocht naar links</figcaption></figure><p><b>Dalen</b> is het deel van de vlucht van een luchtvaartuig of <a href="/wiki/Vogels" title="Vogels">vogel</a> waarbij er <a href="/wiki/Hoogte" title="Hoogte">hoogte</a> wordt verloren. Het is het tegendeel van <a href="/wiki/Klimmen_(luchtvaart)" title="Klimmen (luchtvaart)">klimmen</a>. Dalen is een essentieel onderdeel van de <a href="/wiki/Landing_(luchtvaart)" title="Landing (luchtvaart)">landingsprocedure</a>. Daarbij is een daling ook vaak nodig om ander luchtverkeer, slechte vliegomstandigheden (turbulentie, ijsvorming op de vleugels, slecht weer) en <a href="/wiki/Wolk" title="Wolk">wolken</a> (zie <a href="/wiki/Visual_flight_rules" title="Visual flight rules">visual flight rules</a>) te ontwijken, of om iets op de grond te kunnen zien, warmere lucht op te zoeken of, zeker in het geval van <a href="/wiki/Luchtballon" title="Luchtballon">luchtballonnen</a>, een andere <a href="/wiki/Wind_(meteorologie)" title="Wind (meteorologie)">windrichting</a> op te zoeken. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Snelle_daling">Snelle daling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Snelle daling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Snelle daling"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Er kunnen zich noodsituaties voordoen die een snelle daling nodig maken naar 10.000 <a href="/wiki/Voet_(lengtemaat)" title="Voet (lengtemaat)">voet</a> (3.000 meter), bijvoorbeeld bij een <a href="/wiki/Explosieve_decompressie" title="Explosieve decompressie">explosieve decompressie</a> (zoals bij <a href="/wiki/Aloha_Airlines-vlucht_243" title="Aloha Airlines-vlucht 243">Aloha Airlines-vlucht 243</a>, waarbij de druk in de <a href="/wiki/Drukcabine" title="Drukcabine">drukcabine</a> van het toestel volledig wegviel doordat er een groot stuk van de romp openscheurde). Deze hoogte is veilige hoogte voor een vliegtuig zonder drukcabine omdat er dan voldoende zuurstof in de lucht aanwezig is voor een mens om te overleven. </p><p>Onvrijwillige daling kan het gevolg zijn van afname van <a href="/wiki/Liftkracht" title="Liftkracht">liftkracht</a> zoals door verlies aan vermogen, ijsafzetting op de vleugels, grotere <a href="/wiki/Luchtweerstand" class="mw-redirect" title="Luchtweerstand">luchtweerstand</a> (<i>drag</i>) of door het vliegen in een neerwaartse luchtstroom in <a href="/wiki/Luchtzak_(Meterologisch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luchtzak (Meterologisch)">luchtzakken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valwind" title="Valwind">valwinden</a> of bij <a href="/wiki/Windshear" class="mw-redirect" title="Windshear">windshear</a>. Snelle dalingen geven een snelle toename van de <a href="/wiki/Luchtdruk" title="Luchtdruk">luchtdruk</a> in de cabine met daardoor druk op de <a href="/wiki/Trommelvlies" title="Trommelvlies">trommelvliezen</a>. Door <a href="/wiki/Slikken_(handeling)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slikken (handeling)">slikken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geeuwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Geeuwen">geeuwen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kauwen" title="Kauwen">kauwen</a> of eventueel de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valsalva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valsalva (de pagina bestaat niet)">Valsalva</a>-manoeuvre (met kracht uitademen met gesloten mond en dichtgeknepen neus) kan het drukverschil worden opgeheven. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daling_naar_de_landingsbaan">Daling naar de landingsbaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Daling naar de landingsbaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Daling naar de landingsbaan"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Varig_B777-2Q8ER_(PP-VRB)_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg/260px-Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg/390px-Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg/520px-Varig_B777-2Q8ER_%28PP-VRB%29_approaching_London_Heathrow_Airport_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>Boeing 777 tijdens de eindnadering</figcaption></figure><p>Normaal gesproken daalt een vliegtuig met een constante hoek richting landingsbaan, de eindnadering ( Engels: <i>final approach</i>), met een daalhoek van 3 graden. De <a href="/wiki/Piloot" title="Piloot">piloot</a> controleert deze hoek door het variëren van het motorvermogen en de hoek van het toestel ten opzichte van horizontaal. Als hulpmiddel om met een constante daalhoek naar de landingsbaan te vliegen gebruikt de piloot bijvoorbeeld signalen van het <a href="/wiki/Instrument_landing_system" title="Instrument landing system">Instrument landing system</a> of -als hij op zicht aanvliegt- de lichten van de <a href="/wiki/Precision_Approach_Path_Indicator" class="mw-redirect" title="Precision Approach Path Indicator">Precision Approach Path Indicator</a>. Als de uitlijning met de landingsbaan op grote afstand en hoogte begint spreekt men van een <a href="/wiki/Glijvluchtnadering" title="Glijvluchtnadering">glijvluchtnadering</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daling_in_een_helikopter">Daling in een helikopter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Daling in een helikopter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Daling in een helikopter"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Helikopter" title="Helikopter">Helikopters</a> waarbij de motor uitvalt vallen niet zomaar uit de lucht: in een manoeuvre die <a href="/wiki/Autorotatie" title="Autorotatie">autorotatie</a> wordt genoemd zorgt de piloot ervoor dat de rotorbladen zo worden ingesteld dat ze sneller draaien door de opwaartse luchtstroom. Op deze manier wordt de helikopter een <a href="/wiki/Autogiro" title="Autogiro">autogiro</a>. Vlak voor de landing zorgt de piloot er dan weer voor dat hij of zij het <a href="/wiki/Moment_(mechanica)" title="Moment (mechanica)">moment</a> van de rotor weer gebruikt voor extra lift door opnieuw de bladen te draaien zodat er zacht geland kan worden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opstijgen" title="Opstijgen">Opstijgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kruissnelheid" title="Kruissnelheid">Kruissnelheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_(luchtvaart)" title="Landing (luchtvaart)">Landing</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&oldid=60609058">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dalen_(luchtvaart)&oldid=60609058</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Luchtvaart" title="Categorie:Luchtvaart">Luchtvaart</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Aerodynamica" title="Categorie:Aerodynamica">Aerodynamica</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 23 dec 2021 om 21:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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