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mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div 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</a> <ul id="toc-相關組織-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-反對意見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#反對意見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>反對意見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-反對意見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文件" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文件"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考文件</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文件-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部資源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部資源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部資源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部資源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">自由文化運動</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。29种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="حركة الثقافة الحرة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة الثقافة الحرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8" title="মুক্ত-সংস্কৃতি আন্দোলন – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুক্ত-সংস্কৃতি আন্দোলন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freie-Kultur-Bewegung" title="Freie-Kultur-Bewegung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freie-Kultur-Bewegung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-culture_movement" title="Free-culture movement – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Free-culture movement" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libera_kultura_movado" title="Libera kultura movado – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Libera kultura movado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimiento_por_la_cultura_libre" title="Movimiento por la cultura libre – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Movimiento por la cultura libre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabakultuuri_liikumine" title="Vabakultuuri liikumine – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vabakultuuri liikumine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B4_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="جنبش فرهنگ آزاد – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنبش فرهنگ آزاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoin_kulttuuri" title="Avoin kulttuuri – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avoin kulttuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_libre" title="Culture libre – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Culture libre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movemento_pola_cultura_libre" title="Movemento pola cultura libre – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Movemento pola cultura libre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="मुक्त-संस्कृति आन्दोलन – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मुक्त-संस्कृति आन्दोलन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szabadkult%C3%BAra-mozgalom" title="Szabadkultúra-mozgalom – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szabadkultúra-mozgalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%D5%B4%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%A9%D5%AB_%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Ազատ մշակույթի շարժում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ազատ մշակույթի շարժում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerakan_budaya_bebas" title="Gerakan budaya bebas – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gerakan budaya bebas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hreyfing_um_frj%C3%A1lsa_menningu" title="Hreyfing um frjálsa menningu – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hreyfing um frjálsa menningu" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_per_la_cultura_libera" title="Movimento per la cultura libera – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Movimento per la cultura libera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="フリーカルチャー運動 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フリーカルチャー運動" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obahan_budaya_b%C3%A9bas" title="Obahan budaya bébas – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Obahan budaya bébas" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" title="자유 문화 운동 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자유 문화 운동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Эркин маданият кыймылы – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эркин маданият кыймылы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Culture-beweging" title="Free Culture-beweging – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Free Culture-beweging" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruch_wolnej_kultury" title="Ruch wolnej kultury – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruch wolnej kultury" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_pela_cultura_livre" title="Movimento pela cultura livre – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Movimento pela cultura livre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Движение свободной культуры – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Движение свободной культуры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_culture" title="Free culture – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Free culture" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6relsen_f%C3%B6r_fri_kultur" title="Rörelsen för fri kultur – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rörelsen för fri kultur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96zg%C3%BCr_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_hareketi" title="Özgür kültür hareketi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Özgür kültür hareketi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%85_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Рух за вільну культуру – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рух за вільну культуру" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q898144#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>自由文化</b>」重定向至此。关于同名书籍，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96_(%E4%B9%A6)" title="自由文化 (书)">自由文化 (书)</a></b>」。</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="勞倫斯·雷席格站在有麥克風、上面放著一檯筆電的講台前。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg/220px-Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg/330px-Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg/440px-Larry_lessig_etech05_050317.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">勞倫斯·雷席格</a> 正站在一台貼有「自由文化」字样的電腦前面</figcaption></figure> <p><b>自由文化運動</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Free culture movement</span>）是提倡以<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%9A%9B%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="網際網路">網際網路</a>或其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="媒體">媒體</a>，散佈、修改各式<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="自由內容">自由內容</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="作品">作品</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="社會運動">社會運動</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此運動反對當前太過限縮的<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%AC%8A" title="著作權">著作權</a>法，許多運動人士認為這樣的法律已經阻礙了<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E9%80%A0%E5%8A%9B" title="創造力">創造力</a>，並且稱呼這樣的系統為「許可制的文化」。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E7%94%A8CC" class="mw-redirect" title="創用CC">創用CC</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">勞倫斯·雷席格</a>發起的組織，提供<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E4%BD%9C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A8%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="创作共用授权">相關授權條款</a>，讓創作者聲明在一定條件下分享自己的作品。該組織也提供線上搜尋引擎，供民眾搜尋以創用CC授權的作品。 </p><p>自由文化運動在自由分享創作的立場上與<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="自由軟體運動">自由軟體運動</a>有志一同。自由軟體運動的成員<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="理查·斯托曼">理查·斯托曼</a>，同時也是<a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU 計劃</a>發起人，提倡自由分享資訊，<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>並以提出自由軟體為「是像『言論自由』那樣的自由，而不是免費」（free as in "free speech," not "free beer"）聞名。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>今日，自由文化運動一詞與其他許多運動息息相關，諸如<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%AD%E5%AE%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="駭客">駭客文化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%97%A0%E7%95%8C%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="知识无界运动">知識無界運動</a>、<a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">著佐權</a>運動等。 </p><p>「自由文化」一詞出自 2003 年<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界信息社会峰会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Summit on Information Society"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界信息社会峰会（页面不存在）">世界信息社会峰会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Summit_on_Information_Society" class="extiw" title="en:World Summit on Information Society"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Summit on Information Society</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-WSIS_PCT_events_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSIS_PCT_events-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，當中用這個詞呈獻第一份給藝術家使用的公眾授權條款 -- 由法國著佐權倡議團體自 2001 年起草發展的「<a href="/wiki/Free_art_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free art license">free art license</a>」。而後，這個詞彙於 2004 年<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">勞倫斯·雷席格</a>的著作《<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96_(%E4%B9%A6)" title="自由文化 (书)">自由文化</a>》中繼續發展。<sup id="cite_ref-Quart_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quart-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發展背景"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95.E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF"></span>發展背景</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：發展背景"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg/220px-THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg/330px-THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg/440px-THE_BATTLE_OF_COPYRIGHT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2796" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%AC%8A" title="著作權">著作權</a>世界裡，著作權法與自由文化、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%A0%98%E5%9F%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="公共領域">公共領域</a>的戰爭。</figcaption></figure> <p>在1998年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國會">美國國會</a>通過了<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E8%AF%BA%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E6%9C%9F%E9%99%90%E5%BB%B6%E9%95%BF%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="桑尼·波诺版权期限延长法案">桑尼·波諾版權期限延長法案</a>，由柯林頓總統簽署。這份法案將著作權的期限延長了二十年，使得原先在著作人身後的著作權保護期限增加至七十年。因為這份立法過程經過像是<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="迪士尼">迪士尼</a>這樣的企業大力遊說，有時被戲稱為「保護米老鼠法案」。勞倫斯·雷席格表示，版權法是阻礙文化發展，知識共享和技術創新，且是基於私人利益（而不是公共利益）的立法。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>他在 1998 年到美國各地的校園演講，催生了自由文化運動，也為<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF%E8%8E%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="斯沃斯莫爾學院">斯沃斯莫爾學院</a>的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由文化學生組織" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Students for Free Culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由文化學生組織（页面不存在）">自由文化學生組織</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_for_Free_Culture" class="extiw" title="en:Students for Free Culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Students for Free Culture</span></a></span>）</span></span>奠立了基礎。 </p><p>在1999年，雷席格挑戰了桑尼波諾法案，上訴到<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="美國最高法院">美國最高法院</a>，儘管他有著勝訴的堅定信念，引援<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美國憲法">美國憲法</a>內文關於「有限的」版權詞語，雷席格只拿到了兩張不同意見票，分別來自大法官<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E8%80%B6" title="史蒂芬·布雷耶">史蒂芬·布雷耶</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF" title="約翰·保羅·史蒂文斯">約翰·保羅·史蒂文斯</a>。 </p><p>在 2001 年，雷席格發起了<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E7%94%A8CC" class="mw-redirect" title="創用CC">創用CC</a>，一個「保留部份權利」的許可制度來替代默認「保留所有權利」的版權制度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定義「自由」"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9.E3.80.8C.E8.87.AA.E7.94.B1.E3.80.8D"></span>定義「自由」</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：定義「自由」"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">更多信息：<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E4%BD%9C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A8%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="创作共用授权">创作共用授权</a></div> <p>在自由文化运动中，<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E7%94%A8CC" class="mw-redirect" title="創用CC">创用CC</a>被指责缺少自由的标准。<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 因此，一些人认为只有部分创作共用协议符合<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由文化作品的定义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Definition of Free Cultural Works"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由文化作品的定义（页面不存在）">自由文化作品的定义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works" class="extiw" title="en:Definition of Free Cultural Works"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Definition of Free Cultural Works</span></a></span>）</span></span>。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 在2008年2月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E7%94%A8CC" class="mw-redirect" title="創用CC">创用CC</a>为其「姓名標示」（BY）和「姓名標示-相同方式分享」（BY-SA）协议增加了一个<b>自由文化作品认证</b>的标志。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 商业用途或衍生作品不需要特殊的标记。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關組織"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E7.B5.84.E7.B9.94"></span>相關組織</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：相關組織"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="反對意見"><span id=".E5.8F.8D.E5.B0.8D.E6.84.8F.E8.A6.8B"></span>反對意見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：反對意見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:3; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=2600:_The_Hacker_Quarterly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2600: The Hacker Quarterly（页面不存在）">2600: The Hacker Quarterly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%97%A0%E7%95%8C%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="知识无界运动">知识无界运动</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cypherpunk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cypherpunk（页面不存在）">Cypherpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自由内容">自由内容</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="义务教育">义务教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1" title="信息自由">信息自由</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gratis_versus_Libre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gratis versus Libre（页面不存在）">Gratis versus Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hacktivism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hacktivism（页面不存在）">Hacktivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="内容开放">内容开放</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="開放教育資源">开放教育资源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="开放源代码">开放源代码</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文件"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E4.BB.B6"></span>參考文件</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參考文件"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6AmjTF0yr?url=http://wiki.freeculture.org/What_does_a_free_culture_look_like">What does a free culture look like?</a>. Students of Free culture. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-10-24</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.freeculture.org/What_does_a_free_culture_look_like%3F">原始内容</a>存档于2012-09-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&rft.btitle=What+does+a+free+culture+look+like%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Students+of+Free+culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.freeculture.org%2FWhat_does_a_free_culture_look_like%253F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6AmjTo87T?url=http://wiki.freeculture.org/Free_culture">What is free culture?</a>. Students of Free culture. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-10-24</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.freeculture.org/Free_culture">原始内容</a>存档于2012-09-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&rft.btitle=What+is+free+culture%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Students+of+Free+culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.freeculture.org%2FFree_culture&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert S. Boynton: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9801EFDA1439F936A15752C0A9629C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2">The Tyranny of Copyright?</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090228064018/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9801EFDA1439F936A15752C0A9629C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, January 25, 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Stallman">Stallman, Richard</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506030404/https://stallman.org/articles/end-war-on-sharing.html">Ending the War on Sharing</a>. 2009 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-31</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stallman.org/articles/end-war-on-sharing.html">原始内容</a>存档于2021-05-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Stallman&rft.btitle=Ending+the+War+on+Sharing&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstallman.org%2Farticles%2Fend-war-on-sharing.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Stallman: "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Open Source Misses the Point</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110820060328/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）", <a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNU project（页面不存在）">GNU project</a>, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WSIS_PCT_events-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WSIS_PCT_events_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">WSIS (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muguet.com/www.wsis-pct.org/pct-events.html">"PCT WORKING GROUP EVENT"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130729180141/http://muguet.com/www.wsis-pct.org/pct-events.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quart-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Quart_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quart, Alissa (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cjr.org/feature/expensive_gifts.php">"Expensive Gifts"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161221164311/http://www.cjr.org/feature/expensive_gifts.php">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, <i>Columbia Journalism Review</i>, 48(2).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Lessig, Lawrence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427173353/https://books.google.com/books?id=1hs1GWwnx-wC&dq=free+culture">Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity</a>. New York: Penguin. 2004: 368 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2014]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781101200841" title="Special:网络书源/9781101200841"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9781101200841</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=1hs1GWwnx-wC&dq=free+culture">原始内容</a>存档于2021-04-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.aulast=Lessig&rft.btitle=Free+Culture%3A+The+Nature+and+Future+of+Creativity&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781101200841&rft.pages=368&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1hs1GWwnx-wC%26dq%3Dfree%2Bculture&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html">Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120615143208/http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Mako.cc. Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://freedomdefined.org/" class="extiw" title="freedomdefined:">Definition of Free Cultural Works</a>. Freedomdefined.org (2008-12-01). Retrieved on 2011-12-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117080649/http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/8051">Approved for Free Cultural Works</a>. 2008-02-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-31</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/8051">原始内容</a>存档于2015-11-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&rft.btitle=Approved+for+Free+Cultural+Works&rft.date=2008-02-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcreativecommons.org%2Fweblog%2Fentry%2F8051&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部資源"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E8.B3.87.E6.BA.90"></span>外部資源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：外部資源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Resources</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Berry, David M. and Giles Moss. 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100411063525/http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1403/1321">The Politics of the Libre Commons</a>. First Monday. Volume 11 (September)</li> <li>Pasquinelli, Matteo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://matteopasquinelli.com/docs/ideology-of-free-culture.pdf">"The Ideology of Free Culture and the Grammar of Sabotage"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年1月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>; now in <i>Animal Spirits: A Bestiary of the Commons</i>, Rotterdam: NAi Publishers, 2008.</li> <li>Videoblog: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715064818/http://perspektive89.com/2006/10/18/free_culture_free_software_free_infrastructures_openness_and_freedom_in_every_layer_of_the_network_flo_fleissig_episo">Free Culture, Free Software, Free Infrastructures! Openness and Freedom in every Layer of the Network</a> (Interviews with Kloschi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Freifunk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freifunk（页面不存在）">Freifunk</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German Wikipedia（页面不存在）">Kurt Jansson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Neumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Neumann（页面不存在）">Jürgen Neumann</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Freifunk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freifunk（页面不存在）">Freifunk</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rishab_Aiyer_Ghosh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rishab Aiyer Ghosh（页面不存在）">Rishab Aiyer Ghosh</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations University（页面不存在）">United Nations University</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrence_Lessig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrence Lessig（页面不存在）">Lawrence Lessig</a> (<a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a>) and Allison and Benoit (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Montr%C3%A9al_Wireless&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montréal Wireless（页面不存在）">Montréal Wireless</a>))</li></ul> <dl><dt>Organisations</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222110508/http://www.libervis.com/">Libervis.com</a> is a project of building and promoting a free culture community online.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fcforum.net/">Charter for Innovation, Creativity and Access to Knowledge</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210211041556/http://fcforum.net/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe 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title="开放源代码">开放源代码</a>运动</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%97%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="公众科学">公众科学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="共有知识" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Knowledge commons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E6%9C%89%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共有知识（页面不存在）">共有知识</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_commons" class="extiw" title="en:Knowledge commons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Knowledge commons</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96" title="开放获取">开放获取</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C" title="開放式協同合作">开放式协同合作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="開放內容">开放内容</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放交流" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放交流（页面不存在）">开放交流</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Open communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open communication</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99" title="開放資料">开放资料</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放设计" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open design"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放设计（页面不存在）">开放设计</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_design" class="extiw" title="en:Open design"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open design</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放教育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open education"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放教育（页面不存在）">开放教育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_education" class="extiw" title="en:Open education"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open education</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="開放政府">开放政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0" title="开放式创新">开放式创新</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放知识" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open knowledge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放知识（页面不存在）">开放知识</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_knowledge" class="extiw" title="en:Open knowledge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open knowledge</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放专利" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open patent"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放专利（页面不存在）">开放专利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_patent" class="extiw" title="en:Open patent"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open patent</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open research"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放研究（页面不存在）">开放研究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_research" class="extiw" title="en:Open research"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open research</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="開放科學">开放科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="开放源代码">開源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开源架构" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Opensource Architecture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开源架构（页面不存在）">开源架构</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opensource_Architecture" class="extiw" title="en:Opensource Architecture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Opensource Architecture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="开源软件">开源软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="開源治理">開源治理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开源新闻" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open-source journalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开源新闻（页面不存在）">开源新闻</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_journalism" class="extiw" title="en:Open-source journalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open-source journalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6" title="開源硬件">开源硬件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86" title="开源标准">开放标准</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放式大学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open-door academic policy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放式大学（页面不存在）">开放式大学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-door_academic_policy" class="extiw" title="en:Open-door academic policy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open-door academic policy</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%A9%A6%E5%85%A5%E5%AD%B8" title="免試入學">入学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BEWeb" title="开放Web">开放Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="分享主义">分享主义</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工具</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%8F%8A%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="自由及开放源代码软件">自由及开放源代码软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="開放教育資源">开放教育资源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放音乐模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Music Model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放音乐模型（页面不存在）">开放音乐模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Music_Model" class="extiw" title="en:Open Music Model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Music Model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放科学笔记" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open notebook science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放科学笔记（页面不存在）">开放科学笔记</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_notebook_science" class="extiw" title="en:Open notebook science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open notebook science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">知识共享</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="DIYbio" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="DIYbio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DIYbio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DIYbio（页面不存在）">DIYbio</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIYbio" class="extiw" title="en:DIYbio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">DIYbio</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="自由软件基金会">自由软件基金会</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放架构网络" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Architecture Network"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放架构网络（页面不存在）">开放架构网络</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Architecture_Network" class="extiw" title="en:Open Architecture Network"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Architecture Network</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放知识基金会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Knowledge Foundation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" title="開放知識基金會">开放知识基金会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Knowledge_Foundation" class="extiw" title="en:Open Knowledge Foundation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Knowledge Foundation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放权力集团" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Rights Group"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放权力集团（页面不存在）">开放权力集团</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Rights_Group" class="extiw" title="en:Open Rights Group"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Rights Group</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E4%BF%83%E8%BF%9B%E4%BC%9A" title="开放源代码促进会">开放源代码促进会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="軟體自由法律中心">软件自由法律中心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="公共科学图书馆">公共科学图书馆</a>（PLOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E4%B8%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="学术出版与学术资源联盟">学术出版与学术资源联盟</a>（SPARC）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">活动家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF-%E6%9D%8E" title="蒂姆·伯纳斯-李">蒂姆·伯纳斯-李</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E8%8C%A8" title="亚伦·斯沃茨">亚伦·斯沃茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E7%8F%8A%E5%8D%93%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%91" title="亞歷珊卓·艾爾巴金">亚历珊卓·艾尔巴金</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="John Wilbanks" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="John Wilbanks"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Wilbanks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Wilbanks（页面不存在）">John Wilbanks</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wilbanks" class="extiw" title="en:John Wilbanks"><span lang="en" dir="auto">John Wilbanks</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A" title="科迪·威尔逊">科迪·威尔逊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">劳伦斯·莱斯格</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Peter Murray-Rust" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Murray-Rust"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Murray-Rust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Murray-Rust（页面不存在）">Peter Murray-Rust</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Murray-Rust" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Murray-Rust"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Murray-Rust</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E4%BC%AF" title="彼得·萨伯">彼得·萨伯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Peter Sunde" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Sunde"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Sunde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Sunde（页面不存在）">Peter Sunde</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sunde" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Sunde"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Sunde</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%9B%BC" title="理查德·斯托曼">理查德·斯托曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%80%80%E5%8C%97" title="周怀北">周怀北</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">项目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="知识共享许可协议">创作共用授权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9" title="自由文化作品定義">自由文化作品定義</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">自由文化运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="自由软件运动">自由软件运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="開源生態計畫">開源生態計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="OpenCores" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="OpenCores"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenCores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenCores（页面不存在）">OpenCores</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCores" class="extiw" title="en:OpenCores"><span lang="en" dir="auto">OpenCores</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="OpenWetWare" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="OpenWetWare"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenWetWare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenWetWare（页面不存在）">OpenWetWare</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenWetWare" class="extiw" title="en:OpenWetWare"><span lang="en" dir="auto">OpenWetWare</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="知识共享授权" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="Template:知识共享"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:知识共享（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:知识共享"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="知识共享授权" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">知识共享</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="知识共享许可协议">授权</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">作品及项目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E9%81%B5%E5%BE%AA%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="内容遵循知识共享许可协议的项目列表">授权的作品及项目</a>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Category:Creative Commons-licensed works" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Category:Creative Commons-licensed works"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Creative_Commons-licensed_works&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Creative Commons-licensed works（页面不存在）">Category:創作共用授权的作品</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Creative_Commons-licensed_works" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Creative Commons-licensed works"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Category:Creative Commons-licensed works</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="創作共用授权的内容目录" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Creative Commons-licensed content directories"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%B5%E4%BD%9C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A8%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83%E7%9A%84%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="創作共用授权的内容目录（页面不存在）">内容目录</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons-licensed_content_directories" class="extiw" title="en:Creative Commons-licensed content directories"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Creative Commons-licensed content directories</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="創作共用管辖区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Creative Commons jurisdiction ports"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%B5%E4%BD%9C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A8%E7%AE%A1%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="創作共用管辖区（页面不存在）">管辖区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_jurisdiction_ports" class="extiw" title="en:Creative Commons jurisdiction ports"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Creative Commons jurisdiction ports</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要项目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">共享創意</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="ccMixter" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="ccMixter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CcMixter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CcMixter（页面不存在）">ccMixter</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ccMixter" class="extiw" title="en:ccMixter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">ccMixter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Ourmedia" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ourmedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ourmedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ourmedia（页面不存在）">Ourmedia</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourmedia" class="extiw" title="en:Ourmedia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ourmedia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGameArt.org" title="OpenGameArt.org">OpenGameArt.org</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Dogmazic" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dogmazic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dogmazic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dogmazic（页面不存在）">Dogmazic</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmazic" class="extiw" title="en:Dogmazic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dogmazic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamendo" title="Jamendo">Jamendo</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Phlow" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phlow"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phlow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phlow（页面不存在）">Phlow</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlow" class="extiw" title="en:Phlow"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phlow</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Electrobel" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electrobel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electrobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electrobel（页面不存在）">Electrobel</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrobel" class="extiw" title="en:Electrobel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electrobel</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newgrounds" title="Newgrounds">Newgrounds音頻門戶</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Scripped" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scripped"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scripped&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scripped（页面不存在）">Scripped</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripped" class="extiw" title="en:Scripped"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scripped</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mininova" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mininova"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mininova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mininova（页面不存在）">Mininova</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mininova" class="extiw" title="en:Mininova"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mininova</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="维基媒体基金会">維基媒體</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">共享資源</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span 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