Enhancing in situ cancer vaccines using delivery technologies

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usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="DqtcXEk9Z6WrJI6GRZvOx4ZQueKg7J6i2nMqc6get6g2pozrg4ie4X4mVntEBd0t"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="DqtcXEk9Z6WrJI6GRZvOx4ZQueKg7J6i2nMqc6get6g2pozrg4ie4X4mVntEBd0t"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="DqtcXEk9Z6WrJI6GRZvOx4ZQueKg7J6i2nMqc6get6g2pozrg4ie4X4mVntEBd0t"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="DqtcXEk9Z6WrJI6GRZvOx4ZQueKg7J6i2nMqc6get6g2pozrg4ie4X4mVntEBd0t"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="38951662"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" 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new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long 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Drug discovery" tabindex="0" aria-controls="full-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Nature reviews. Drug discovery" data-pinger-ignore> Nat Rev Drug Discov </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Nature reviews. Drug discovery"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Nat Rev Drug Discov" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Nat Rev Drug Discov"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Nat Rev Drug Discov"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Nat Rev Drug Discov"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Nat Rev Drug Discov"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Aug;23(8):607-625.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> Epub 2024 Jul 1. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Enhancing in situ cancer vaccines using delivery technologies </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Gong+N&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ningqiang Gong">Ningqiang Gong</a><sup class="equal-contrib-container"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="equal-contrib" title="Contributed equally" href="#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation" ref="linksrc=author_equal_contrib">#</a></sup><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Alameh+MG&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh">Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh</a><sup class="equal-contrib-container"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="equal-contrib" title="Contributed equally" href="#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation" ref="linksrc=author_equal_contrib">#</a></sup><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=El-Mayta+R&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rakan El-Mayta">Rakan El-Mayta</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Xue+L&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Lulu Xue">Lulu Xue</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Weissman+D&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-7" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 7 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Mitchell+MJ&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Michael J Mitchell">Michael J Mitchell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-9" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 9 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-10" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 10 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-12" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 12 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#full-view-affiliation-13" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 13 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/38951662/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-3" id="full-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-4" id="full-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-5" id="full-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-6" id="full-view-affiliation-6" ><sup class="key">6</sup> Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-7" id="full-view-affiliation-7" ><sup class="key">7</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-8" id="full-view-affiliation-8" ><sup class="key">8</sup> Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-9" id="full-view-affiliation-9" ><sup class="key">9</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-10" id="full-view-affiliation-10" ><sup class="key">10</sup> Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-11" id="full-view-affiliation-11" ><sup class="key">11</sup> Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-12" id="full-view-affiliation-12" ><sup class="key">12</sup> Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-13" id="full-view-affiliation-13" ><sup class="key">13</sup> Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="equal-contrib-block"> <div class="equal-contrib-explanation" id="full-view-equal-contrib-explanation"><sup class="key">#</sup> Contributed equally.</div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38951662</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <div class="publication-type" >Review</div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Enhancing in situ cancer vaccines using delivery technologies </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Ningqiang Gong</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Nat Rev Drug Discov<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <span class="citation-year">2024 Aug</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" 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Drug discovery"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Nat Rev Drug Discov" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Nat Rev Drug Discov"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Nat Rev Drug Discov"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Nat Rev Drug Discov"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Nat Rev Drug Discov"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Aug;23(8):607-625.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> Epub 2024 Jul 1. </span> </div> <div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="authors"> <h3 class="title"> Authors </h3> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Gong+N&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ningqiang Gong">Ningqiang Gong</a><sup class="equal-contrib-container"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="equal-contrib" title="Contributed equally" href="#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation" ref="linksrc=author_equal_contrib">#</a></sup><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Alameh+MG&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh">Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh</a><sup class="equal-contrib-container"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="equal-contrib" title="Contributed equally" href="#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation" ref="linksrc=author_equal_contrib">#</a></sup><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=El-Mayta+R&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rakan El-Mayta">Rakan El-Mayta</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Xue+L&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Lulu Xue">Lulu Xue</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Weissman+D&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-7" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 7 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Mitchell+MJ&cauthor_id=38951662" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Michael J Mitchell">Michael J Mitchell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-9" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 9 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-10" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 10 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-12" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 12 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-13" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 13 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-4" id="short-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-5" id="short-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-6" id="short-view-affiliation-6" ><sup class="key">6</sup> Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-7" id="short-view-affiliation-7" ><sup class="key">7</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-8" id="short-view-affiliation-8" ><sup class="key">8</sup> Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-9" id="short-view-affiliation-9" ><sup class="key">9</sup> Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-10" id="short-view-affiliation-10" ><sup class="key">10</sup> Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-11" id="short-view-affiliation-11" ><sup class="key">11</sup> Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-12" id="short-view-affiliation-12" ><sup class="key">12</sup> Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-13" id="short-view-affiliation-13" ><sup class="key">13</sup> Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="equal-contrib-block"> <div class="equal-contrib-explanation" id="short-view-equal-contrib-explanation"><sup class="key">#</sup> Contributed equally.</div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38951662</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38951662/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38951662/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> In situ cancer vaccination refers to any approach that exploits tumour antigens available at a tumour site to induce tumour-specific adaptive immune responses. These approaches hold great promise for the treatment of many solid tumours, with numerous candidate drugs under preclinical or clinical evaluation and several products already approved. However, there are challenges in the development of effective in situ cancer vaccines. For example, inadequate release of tumour antigens from tumour cells limits antigen uptake by immune cells; insufficient antigen processing by antigen-presenting cells restricts the generation of antigen-specific T cell responses; and the suppressive immune microenvironment of the tumour leads to exhaustion and death of effector cells. Rationally designed delivery technologies such as lipid nanoparticles, hydrogels, scaffolds and polymeric nanoparticles are uniquely suited to overcome these challenges through the targeted delivery of therapeutics to tumour cells, immune cells or the extracellular matrix. Here, we discuss delivery technologies that have the potential to reduce various clinical barriers for in situ cancer vaccines. We also provide our perspective on this emerging field that lies at the interface of cancer vaccine biology and delivery technologies. </p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyright"> © 2024. Springer Nature Limited. </p> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/39422491/" ref="article_id=39422491&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="39422491" data-ga-label=""> Flagellate bacteria-mediated tumour antigen delivery: A novel approach to enhance dendritic cell activation for in situ cancer vaccination. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Xia W, Wu J.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Xia W, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Microb Biotechnol. 2024 Oct;17(10):e70028. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.70028.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Microb Biotechnol. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">39422491</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/33437036/" ref="article_id=33437036&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="33437036" data-ga-label=""> Nanomaterials for T-cell cancer immunotherapy. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Gong N, Sheppard NC, Billingsley MM, June CH, Mitchell MJ.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Gong N, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Nat Nanotechnol. 2021 Jan;16(1):25-36. doi: 10.1038/s41565-020-00822-y. 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H., Melief, C. J. & Bhardwaj, N. Therapeutic cancer vaccines. Nat. Rev. Cancer 21, 360–378 (2021). - <a class="reference-link" href="/33907315/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="33907315" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Chen, D. S. & Mellman, I. Oncology meets immunology: the cancer–immunity cycle. Immunity 39, 1–10 (2013). - <a class="reference-link" href="/23890059/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="23890059" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Li, Q. et al. Symphony of nanomaterials and immunotherapy based on the cancer–immunity cycle. Acta Pharm. Sin. 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data-pinger-ignore> Neoplasms* / immunology </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-8" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Neoplasms* / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Neoplasms/immunology"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Neoplasms* / immunology"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Neoplasms" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Neoplasms* / immunology"> Search in MeSH 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href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Neoplasms%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Neoplasms/therapy"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Neoplasms* / therapy"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Neoplasms" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Neoplasms* / therapy"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Neoplasms/therapy"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Neoplasms/therapy"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Tumor Microenvironment / immunology" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Tumor Microenvironment / immunology </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Tumor Microenvironment / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Tumor+Microenvironment%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Tumor+Microenvironment%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Tumor Microenvironment/immunology"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Tumor Microenvironment / immunology"> Search 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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Cancer Vaccines </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cancer Vaccines"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Cancer+Vaccines%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Cancer+Vaccines%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Cancer Vaccines"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Cancer Vaccines"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Cancer+Vaccines%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Cancer Vaccines"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Cancer Vaccines"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Cancer Vaccines"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Antigens, Neoplasm" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Antigens, Neoplasm </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Antigens, Neoplasm"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" 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