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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>War in Europe and marriage to Hemingway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_in_Europe_and_marriage_to_Hemingway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Martha Gellhorn</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="مارثا جيلهورن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مارثا جيلهورن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%82%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="مارتا قلهورن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مارتا قلهورن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8" title="মার্থা গেলহর্ন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মার্থা গেলহর্ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Марта Гэлхарн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марта Гэлхарн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Марта Гелхорн – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Марта Гелхорн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="مارتا گلهورن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مارتا گلهورن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%82%AC_%EA%B2%94%ED%98%BC" title="마사 겔혼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마사 겔혼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A9%D5%A1_%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6" title="Մարթա Գելլհորն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարթա Գելլհորն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9F" title="מרתה גלהורן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרתה גלהורן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Марта Гелхорн – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Марта Гелхорн" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="മാർത്താ ജെൽഹോൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാർത്താ ജെൽഹോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="مارثا جيلهورن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارثا جيلهورن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="マーサ・ゲルホーン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マーサ・ゲルホーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marta_Gellxorn" title="Marta Gellxorn – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Marta Gellxorn" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Геллхорн, Марта – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геллхорн, Марта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D2%90%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Марта Ґеллгорн – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марта Ґеллгорн" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" title="Martha Gellhorn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Martha Gellhorn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E8%8E%8E%C2%B7%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E6%81%A9" title="瑪莎·蓋爾霍恩 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑪莎·蓋爾霍恩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American war correspondent (1908–1998)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Martha Gellhorn</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Martha_Gellhorn_(1941).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Martha_Gellhorn_%281941%29.jpg/220px-Martha_Gellhorn_%281941%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Martha_Gellhorn_%281941%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="390" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Gellhorn, 1941</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Martha Ellis Gellhorn</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1908-11-08</span>)</span>8 November 1908<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>, US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 February 1998<span style="display:none">(1998-02-15)</span> (aged 89)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Burroughs_School" title="John Burroughs School">John Burroughs School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Author, war correspondent</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1934–1998</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a> </div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1940; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1945)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/T._S._Matthews" title="T. S. Matthews">T. S. Matthews</a> </div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1954; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1963)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edna_Fischel_Gellhorn" title="Edna Fischel Gellhorn">Edna Fischel Gellhorn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gellhorn" title="Walter Gellhorn">Walter Gellhorn</a> (brother)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Martha Ellis Gellhorn</b> (8 November 1908 – 15 February 1998)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an American novelist, <a href="/wiki/Travel_writer" class="mw-redirect" title="Travel writer">travel writer</a>, and journalist who is considered one of the great <a href="/wiki/War_correspondent" title="War correspondent">war correspondents</a> of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She reported on virtually every major world conflict that took place during her 60-year career. </p><p>She was the third wife of American novelist <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a>, from 1940 to 1945. </p><p>She died in 1998 by apparent suicide at the age of 89, ill and almost completely blind.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn_Prize_for_Journalism" title="Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism">Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism</a> is named after her. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gellhorn was born on 8 November 1908, in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, Missouri, to <a href="/wiki/Edna_Fischel_Gellhorn" title="Edna Fischel Gellhorn">Edna Fischel Gellhorn</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Suffragist" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragist">suffragist</a>, and George Gellhorn, a German-born <a href="/wiki/Gynecologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynecologist">gynecologist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eryti_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eryti-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father and maternal grandfather were Jewish, and her maternal grandmother came from a <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-eryti_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eryti-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her brother <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gellhorn" title="Walter Gellhorn">Walter</a> became a noted law professor at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and her younger brother Alfred was an <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">oncologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dean_(education)" title="Dean (education)">dean</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine">University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Golden_Lane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_Golden_Lane.jpg/220px-The_Golden_Lane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_Golden_Lane.jpg/330px-The_Golden_Lane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_Golden_Lane.jpg/440px-The_Golden_Lane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>The Golden Lane</figcaption></figure> <p>At age 7, Gellhorn participated in "The Golden Lane," a rally for women's suffrage at the Democratic Party's <a href="/wiki/1916_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1916 Democratic National Convention">1916 national convention</a> in St. Louis. Women carrying yellow parasols and wearing yellow sashes lined both sides of a main street leading to the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Coliseum" title="St. Louis Coliseum">St. Louis Coliseum</a>. A tableau of the states was in front of the Art Museum; states that had not enfranchised women were draped in black. Gellhorn and another girl, Mary Taussig, stood in front of the line, representing future voters.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1926, Gellhorn graduated from <a href="/wiki/John_Burroughs_School" title="John Burroughs School">John Burroughs School</a> in St. Louis, and enrolled in <a href="/wiki/Bryn_Mawr_College" title="Bryn Mawr College">Bryn Mawr College</a>, several miles outside Philadelphia. The following year, she left without having graduated to pursue a career as a journalist. Her first published articles appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>. In 1930, determined to become a foreign correspondent, she went to France for two years, where she worked at the <a href="/wiki/United_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="United Press">United Press</a> bureau in Paris, but was fired after she reported sexual harassment by a man connected with the agency. She spent years traveling Europe, writing for newspapers in Paris and St. Louis and covering fashion for <i><a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-saturdayeveningpost.com_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saturdayeveningpost.com-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She became active in the <a href="/wiki/Pacifism" title="Pacifism">pacifist</a> movement, and wrote about her experiences in her 1934 book <i>What Mad Pursuit</i>. </p><p>Returning to the United States in 1932,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gellhorn was hired by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Hopkins" title="Harry Hopkins">Harry Hopkins</a>, whom she had met through her friendship with First Lady <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Roosevelts invited Gellhorn to live at the White House, and she spent evenings there helping Eleanor Roosevelt write correspondence and the first lady’s “My Day” column in <i><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Home_Companion" title="Woman's Home Companion">Women's Home Companion</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was hired as a field investigator for the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Relief_Administration" title="Federal Emergency Relief Administration">Federal Emergency Relief Administration</a> (FERA), created by <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> to help end the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. Gellhorn traveled around the United States for FERA to report on how the Depression was affecting the country. She first went to <a href="/wiki/Gastonia,_North_Carolina" title="Gastonia, North Carolina">Gastonia, North Carolina</a>. Later, she worked with <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Lange" title="Dorothea Lange">Dorothea Lange</a>, a photographer, to document the everyday lives of the hungry and homeless. Their reports became part of the official government files for the Great Depression. They were able to investigate topics that were not usually open to women of the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGourley2007[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2018]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2018)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGourley2007[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2018]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2018)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She drew on her research to write a collection of short stories, <i>The Trouble I've Seen</i> (1936).<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Idaho doing FERA work, Gellhorn convinced a group of workers to break the windows of the FERA office to draw attention to their crooked boss. Although this worked, she was fired from FERA.<sup id="cite_ref-saturdayeveningpost.com_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saturdayeveningpost.com-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="War_in_Europe_and_marriage_to_Hemingway">War in Europe and marriage to Hemingway</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: War in Europe and marriage to Hemingway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg/310px-Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg/465px-Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg/620px-Gellhorn_Hemingway_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1877" data-file-height="1509" /></a><figcaption>Gellhorn and Ernest Hemingway with <a href="/wiki/Yu_Hanmou" title="Yu Hanmou">General Yu Hanmou</a>, Chongqing, China, 1941</figcaption></figure> <p>Gellhorn met <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a> during a 1936 Christmas family trip to <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a>, Florida. Gellhorn had been hired to report for <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="Collier's Weekly">Collier's Weekly</a></i> on the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>, and the pair decided to travel to Spain together. They celebrated Christmas of 1937 in Barcelona.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Germany, she reported on the rise of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>; in the spring of 1938, months before the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Agreement" title="Munich Agreement">Munich Agreement</a>, she was in Czechoslovakia. After the outbreak of World War II, she described these events in the novel <i>A Stricken Field</i> (1940). She later reported the war from Finland, Hong Kong, Burma, Singapore, and England.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1944, Gellhorn applied to the British government for press accreditation to report on the <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">Normandy landings</a>; her application, like those of all female journalists, was refused. Lacking official press credentials, she drove to the south coast of England and, claiming to be a nurse, was allowed onto an American hospital ship about to depart for France. She promptly locked herself in a bathroom and crossed the Channel as a stowaway.<sup id="cite_ref-JMackrell_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JMackrell-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon landing two days later, near <a href="/wiki/Omaha_Beach" title="Omaha Beach">Omaha Beach</a>, she went ashore with a medical team to help recover wounded soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-JMackrell_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JMackrell-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For breaching military regulations, Gellhorn was subsequently arrested and stripped of her war correspondent accreditation. This did not stop her hitching a flight to Italy and then continuing to file reports throughout the war for Collier's.<sup id="cite_ref-JMackrell_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JMackrell-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later she recalled, "I followed the war wherever I could reach it." She was the only woman to land at Normandy on <a href="/wiki/D-Day" class="mw-redirect" title="D-Day">D-Day</a> on 6 June 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was among the first journalists to report from <a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau concentration camp</a> after it was liberated by U.S. troops on 29 April 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gellhorn and Hemingway lived together off and on for four years, before marrying in November 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Hemingway had ostensibly lived with his second wife, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Pfeiffer" title="Pauline Pfeiffer">Pauline Pfeiffer</a>, until 1939). Increasingly resentful of Gellhorn's long absences during her reporting assignments, Hemingway wrote to her when she left their <a href="/wiki/Finca_Vig%C3%ADa" title="Finca Vigía">Finca Vigía</a> estate near <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a> in 1943 to cover the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign (World War II)">Italian Front</a>: "Are you a war correspondent, or wife in my bed?" Hemingway, however, would later go to the front just before the Normandy landings, and Gellhorn also went, with Hemingway trying to block her travel. When she arrived by means of a dangerous ocean voyage in war-torn London (he had landed there eleven days before her, via an RAF flight on which she had arranged a seat for him), she told him she had had enough.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She had found, as had his other wives, that, as described by Bernice Kert in <i>The Hemingway Women</i>: "Hemingway could never sustain a long-lived, wholly satisfying relationship with any one of his four wives. Married domesticity may have seemed to him the desirable culmination of romantic love, but sooner or later he became bored and restless, critical and bullying."<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After four contentious years of marriage, they divorced in 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Kert1_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2012 film <i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_%26_Gellhorn" title="Hemingway & Gellhorn">Hemingway & Gellhorn</a></i> is based on these years. The 2011 documentary film <i>No Job for a Woman: The Women Who Fought to Report WWII</i> features Gellhorn and how she changed war reporting.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the war, Gellhorn worked for the <i><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Monthly">Atlantic Monthly</a></i>, covering the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> and the Arab-Israel conflicts in the 1960s and 70s. She passed her 70th birthday in 1979 but continued working in the following decade, covering the civil wars in Central America. As she approached 80, Gellhorn began to slow down physically, although she still managed to cover the <a href="/wiki/U.S._invasion_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. invasion of Panama">U.S. invasion of Panama</a> in 1989. In 1990, she went door to door in the slum areas of <a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a> to report on civilian casualties resulting from the U.S. invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-tny180919_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tny180919-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She finally retired from journalism as the 1990s began. An operation for cataracts was unsuccessful and left her with permanently impaired vision. Gellhorn announced that she was "too old" to cover the Balkan conflicts in the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She did manage one last overseas trip to Brazil in 1995 to report on poverty in that country, which was published in the literary journal <i><a href="/wiki/Granta" title="Granta">Granta</a></i>. This last feat was accomplished with great difficulty as Gellhorn's eyesight was failing, and she could not read her own manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gellhorn's books include a collection of articles on war, <i>The Face of War</i> (1959); <i>The Lowest Trees Have Tops</i> (1967), a novel about <a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a>; an account of her travels (including one trip with Hemingway), <i>Travels with Myself and Another</i> (1978); and a collection of her peacetime journalism, <i>The View from the Ground</i> (1988).<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peripatetic by nature, Gellhorn reckoned that in a 40-year span of her life, she had created homes in 19 locales.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gellhorn's first major affair was with the French economist <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_de_Jouvenel" title="Bertrand de Jouvenel">Bertrand de Jouvenel</a>. It began in 1930, when she was 22 years old, and lasted until 1934. She would have married de Jouvenel if his wife had consented to a divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She met Ernest Hemingway in <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a>, Florida, in 1936. They married in 1940. Gellhorn resented her reflected fame as Hemingway's third wife, remarking that she had no intention of "being a footnote in someone else's life." As a condition for granting interviews, she was known to insist that Hemingway's name not be mentioned.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As she put it once, "I've been a writer for over 40 years. I was a writer before I met him and I was a writer after I left him. Why should I be merely a footnote in his life?" </p><p>While married to Hemingway, Gellhorn had an affair with U.S. <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratrooper</a> Major General <a href="/wiki/James_M._Gavin" title="James M. Gavin">James M. Gavin</a>, commanding general of the <a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">82nd Airborne Division</a>. Gavin was the youngest divisional commander in the U.S. Army in World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between marriages after divorcing Hemingway in 1945, Gellhorn had romantic liaisons with "L," <a href="/wiki/Laurance_Rockefeller" title="Laurance Rockefeller">Laurance Rockefeller</a>, an American businessman (1945); journalist William Walton (1947) (no relation to the British composer); and medical doctor <a href="/wiki/Arno_David_Gurewitsch" title="Arno David Gurewitsch">David Gurewitsch</a> (1950). In 1954, she married the former managing editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time Magazine</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/T._S._Matthews" title="T. S. Matthews">T. S. Matthews</a>. She and Matthews divorced in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She stayed in London for some time before moving to Kenya and then to <a href="/wiki/Kilgwrrwg" title="Kilgwrrwg">Kilgwrrwg</a> near <a href="/wiki/Devauden" title="Devauden">Devauden</a> in Gwent, South Wales,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was very taken by the niceness of the Welsh people and lived there from 1980 to 1994 before finally returning to London because of her ill health.<sup id="cite_ref-WesternMail2021_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WesternMail2021-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1949, Gellhorn adopted a boy, Sandro, from an Italian orphanage. He was formally renamed George Alexander Gellhorn, and widely called Sandy. Gellhorn was reportedly a devoted mother for a time but was not by nature maternal. She left Sandy in the care of relatives in <a href="/wiki/Englewood,_New_Jersey" title="Englewood, New Jersey">Englewood, New Jersey</a>, for long periods as she travelled, and he eventually attended boarding school. Their relationship was said to have become embittered.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gellhorn and the writer <a href="/wiki/Sybille_Bedford" title="Sybille Bedford">Sybille Bedford</a> met in Rome in 1949 and developed a strong platonic friendship. It long survived volatility on both sides and entailed much moral, creative and financial support for her friend on Gellhorn's part until she ended the friendship in the early 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding sex, in 1972 Gellhorn wrote: </p> <blockquote><p>If I practised sex out of moral conviction, that was one thing; but to enjoy it ... seemed a defeat. I accompanied men and was accompanied in action, in the extrovert part of life; I plunged into that ... but not sex; that seemed to be their delight, and all I got was a pleasure of being wanted, I suppose, and the tenderness (not nearly enough) that a man gives when he is satisfied. I daresay I was the worst bed partner in five continents.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>On her relationship with Hemingway, she said "My whole memory of sex with Ernest is the invention of excuses, and failing that, the hope that it would soon be over."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the legacy of Gellhorn's personal life remains shrouded in controversy. Supporters of Gellhorn say her unauthorized biographer, Carl Rollyson, is guilty of "sexual scandal-mongering and cod psychology." Several of her prominent close friends (among them the actress <a href="/wiki/Betsy_Drake" title="Betsy Drake">Betsy Drake</a>, journalist <a href="/wiki/John_Pilger" title="John Pilger">John Pilger</a>, writer James Fox, and Martha's younger brother Alfred) have dismissed the characterizations of her as sexually manipulative and maternally deficient. Her supporters include her stepson, Sandy Matthews, who describes Gellhorn as "very conscientious" in her role as stepmother;<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Hemingway" title="Jack Hemingway">Jack Hemingway</a> once said that Gellhorn, his father's third wife, was his "favorite other mother."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg/200px-MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg/300px-MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg/400px-MARTHA_GELLHORN_1908-1998_War_Correspondent_and_Writer_lived_and_worked_in_a_flat_here.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Martha Gellhorn has been commemorated with an English Heritage Trust blue plaque at 72 Cadogan Square, Knightsbridge, London, SW1X 0EA</figcaption></figure> <p>In her last years, Gellhorn was in frail health, nearly blind and suffering from <a href="/wiki/Ovarian_cancer" title="Ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a> that had spread to her <a href="/wiki/Liver" title="Liver">liver</a>. On 15 February 1998, she died by suicide in London apparently by swallowing a <a href="/wiki/Potassium_cyanide" title="Potassium cyanide">cyanide</a> capsule.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn_Prize_for_Journalism" title="Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism">Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism</a> was established in 1999 in her honor.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, a blue English Heritage plaque was unveiled at Gellhorn's former London home, the first to feature the dedication of "war correspondent".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021 a <a href="/wiki/Purple_Plaque" class="mw-redirect" title="Purple Plaque">Purple Plaque</a> was placed on the cottage she lived in near Kilgwrrwg,<sup id="cite_ref-WesternMail2021_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WesternMail2021-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> north-west of Chepstow, as part of a national effort to commemorate remarkable women.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 October 2007, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> announced that it would honor five 20th-century journalists with first-class rate postage stamps, to be issued on 22 April 2008: Martha Gellhorn; <a href="/wiki/John_Hersey" title="John Hersey">John Hersey</a>; <a href="/wiki/George_Polk" title="George Polk">George Polk</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ruben_Salazar" title="Ruben Salazar">Ruben Salazar</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Eric_Sevareid" title="Eric Sevareid">Eric Sevareid</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a> <a href="/wiki/John_E._Potter" title="John E. Potter">Jack Potter</a> announced the stamp series at the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> Managing Editors Meeting in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Gellhorn was the subject of an hour-long episode of the World Media Rights series <i>Extraordinary Women</i>, which airs on the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, and periodically in the United States on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Gellhorn was played by <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a> in Philip Kaufman's film, <i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_%26_Gellhorn" title="Hemingway & Gellhorn">Hemingway & Gellhorn</a></i>. </p><p>Martha Gellhorn's relationship with Ernest Hemingway is the subject of <a href="/wiki/Paula_McLain" title="Paula McLain">Paula McLain</a>'s 2018 novel, <i>Love and Ruin</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Hemingway_(film)" title="Hemingway (film)"><i>Hemingway</i></a>, a three-episode, six-hour documentary recapitulation of Hemingway's life, labors, and loves, aired on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>. It was co-produced and directed by <a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Novick" title="Lynn Novick">Lynn Novick</a>. It contains considerable footage and photographs of Gellhorn, who is voiced by <a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a>, and recollections of those who knew her and her life with Hemingway first-hand.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her collection of short stories called “Old babes in the wood”, Margaret Atwood briefly recalls Martha Gellhorn’s reporting from the Second World War, notably her article on the breaking through the Gothic Line and the capturing of the Fortunato Ridge in 1944. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGellhorn,_Martha1934" class="citation book cs1">Gellhorn, Martha (1934). <i>What mad pursuit : a novel</i>. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+mad+pursuit+%3A+a+novel&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Frederick+A.+Stokes+Company&rft.date=1934&rft.au=Gellhorn%2C+Martha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>The Trouble I've Seen</i> (1936, new edition by <a href="/wiki/Eland_Books" title="Eland Books">Eland</a>, 2012) Depression-era set of short stories;</li> <li><i>A Stricken Field</i> (1940) novel set in Czechoslovakia at the outbreak of war;</li> <li><i>The Heart of Another</i> (1941);</li> <li><i>Liana</i> (1944);</li> <li><i>The Undefeated</i> (1945);</li> <li><i>Love Goes to Press: A Comedy in Three Acts</i> (1947) (with <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Cowles" title="Virginia Cowles">Virginia Cowles</a>);</li> <li><i>The Wine of Astonishment</i> (1948) World War II novel, republished in 1989 as <i>Point of No Return</i>;</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGellhorn,_Martha1953" class="citation book cs1">Gellhorn, Martha (1953). "About Shorty". In Birmingham, Frederic A. (ed.). <i>The girls from Esquire</i>. London: Arthur Barker. pp. 47–56.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=About+Shorty&rft.btitle=The+girls+from+Esquire&rft.place=London&rft.pages=47-56&rft.pub=Arthur+Barker&rft.date=1953&rft.au=Gellhorn%2C+Martha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>The Honeyed Peace: Stories</i> (1953);</li> <li><i>Two by Two</i> (1958);</li> <li><i>The Face of War</i> (1959) collection of war journalism, updated in 1993;</li> <li><i>His Own Man</i> (1961);</li> <li><i>Pretty Tales for Tired People</i> (1965);</li> <li><i>Vietnam: A New Kind of War</i> (1966);</li> <li><i>The Lowest Trees Have Tops</i> (1967) a novel;</li> <li><i>Travels with Myself and Another: A Memoir</i> (1978, new edition by <a href="/wiki/Eland_Books" title="Eland Books">Eland</a>, 2002);</li> <li><i>The Weather in Africa</i> (1978, new edition by Eland, 2006);</li> <li><i>The View From the Ground</i> (1989; new edition by Eland, 2016), a collection of peacetime journalism;</li> <li><i>The Short Novels of Martha Gellhorn</i> (1991); US edition being <i>The Novellas of Martha Gellhorn</i> (1993)</li> <li><i>Selected Letters of Martha Gellhorn</i> (2006), edited by <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Moorehead" title="Caroline Moorehead">Caroline Moorehead</a>;</li> <li><i>Yours, for Probably Always: Martha Gellhorn's Letters of Love and War 1930–1949</i> (2019), edited by Janet Somerville.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Books about Gellhorn</dt></dl> <ul><li>Somerville, Janet (2019) <i>Yours, for Probably Always: Martha Gellhorn's Letters of Love and War</i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Yours-Probably-Always-Gellhorns-1930-1949/dp/0228101867/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3DPL9BU0S2H9A&dchild=1&keywords=yours+for+probably+always&qid=1622215493&sprefix=yours+for+probably+always%2Caps%2C192&sr=8-1">Amazon link</a></li> <li>Clayton, Meg Waite (2018) <i>Beautiful Exiles: A Novel</i></li> <li>Hardy Dorman, Angelia (2012). <i>Martha Gellhorn: Myth, Motif and Remembrance</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mackrell, Judith (2021). <i>Going with the Boys: Six Extraordinary Women Writing from the Front Line</i> (also: <i>The Correspondents: Six Women Writers on the Front Lines of World War II</i> - in USA & Canada).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLain2018" class="citation book cs1">McLain, Paula (2018). <i>Love and Ruin: A novel</i>. Ballantyne. p. 374. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B076Z127Y2">B076Z127Y2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love+and+Ruin%3A+A+novel&rft.pages=374&rft.pub=Ballantyne&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB076Z127Y2%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=McLain&rft.aufirst=Paula&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLoughlin2007" class="citation book cs1">McLoughlin, Kate (2007). <i>Martha Gellhorn: The War Writer in the Field and in the Text</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martha+Gellhorn%3A+The+War+Writer+in+the+Field+and+in+the+Text&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=McLoughlin&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorehead2003" class="citation book cs1">Moorehead, Caroline (2003). <i>Martha Gellhorn: A Life</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martha+Gellhorn%3A+A+Life&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span> (a.k.a. <i>Gellhorn: A Twentieth-Century Life</i>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreira2007" class="citation book cs1">Moreira, Peter (2007). <i>Hemingway on the China Front: His WWII Spy Mission with Martha Gellhorn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hemingway+on+the+China+Front%3A+His+WWII+Spy+Mission+with+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Moreira&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRollyson2000" class="citation book cs1">Rollyson, Carl (2000). <i>Nothing Ever Happens to the Brave: The Story of Martha Gellhorn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nothing+Ever+Happens+to+the+Brave%3A+The+Story+of+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Rollyson&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRollyson2007" class="citation book cs1">Rollyson, Carl E. (2007). <i>Beautiful Exile: The Life of Martha Gellhorn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beautiful+Exile%3A+The+Life+of+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Rollyson&rft.aufirst=Carl+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaill2014" class="citation book cs1">Vaill, Amanda (2014). <i>Hotel Florida: Truth, Love, and Death in the Spanish Civil War</i>. Picador. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00FCR3JHW">B00FCR3JHW</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hotel+Florida%3A+Truth%2C+Love%2C+and+Death+in+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.pub=Picador&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB00FCR3JHW%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Vaill&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_recurrence#Similarities" title="Historic recurrence">Historic recurrence</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/227994/Martha-Ellis-Gellhorn">"Martha Ellis Gellhorn"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>, Retrieved 1 November 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=43102">"Martha Gellhorn: War Reporter, D-Day Stowaway"</a>, American Forces Press Service. Retrieved 2 June 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/apr/11/pressandpublishing.Iraqandthemedia">"Iraqi journalist wins Martha Gellhorn prize"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 11 April 2006. Retrieved 2 June 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moorehead1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moorehead1_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorehead2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Moorehead" title="Caroline Moorehead">Moorehead, Caroline</a> (2003). <i>Martha Gellhorn: A Life</i>. London: Chatto & Windus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7011-6951-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7011-6951-6"><bdi>0-7011-6951-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martha+Gellhorn%3A+A+Life&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7011-6951-6&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eryti-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eryti_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eryti_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWareStacy_Lorraine_Braukman2004" class="citation book cs1">Ware, Susan; Stacy Lorraine Braukman (2004). <i>Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century</i>. Harvard University Press. p. 230. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-01488-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-01488-X"><bdi>0-674-01488-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+American+Women%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary+Completing+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=230&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-674-01488-X&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.au=Stacy+Lorraine+Braukman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lehmanns.de/shop/sozialwissenschaften/5569218-9780701169510-martha-gellhorn">Review</a> by <i><a href="/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews" title="Kirkus Reviews">Kirkus</a></i> (UK) of Caroline Muirhead: <i>Martha Gellhorn</i> (2003)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Jr.1995" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_McG._Thomas_Jr." title="Robert McG. Thomas Jr.">Thomas Jr., Robert McG.</a> (11 December 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/11/nyregion/walter-gellhorn-law-scholar-and-professor-dies-at-89.html">"Walter Gellhorn, Law Scholar And Professor, Dies at 89"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Walter+Gellhorn%2C+Law+Scholar+And+Professor%2C+Dies+at+89&rft.date=1995-12-11&rft.aulast=Thomas+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Robert+McG.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F12%2F11%2Fnyregion%2Fwalter-gellhorn-law-scholar-and-professor-dies-at-89.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKee2008" class="citation news cs1">Kee, Cynthia (22 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2008/apr/22/1">"Alfred Gellhorn"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Alfred+Gellhorn&rft.date=2008-04-22&rft.aulast=Kee&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftheguardian%2F2008%2Fapr%2F22%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180120073949/http://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm">"The Golden Lane, suffragettes at the 1916 convention"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm">the original</a> on 20 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Lane%2C+suffragettes+at+the+1916+convention.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.wustl.edu%2FStaff%2FTaylor%2FWOMEN%2FMOOFFMAN%2Fmooff2%2F1stlib.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-saturdayeveningpost.com-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-saturdayeveningpost.com_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saturdayeveningpost.com_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2018/11/the-female-war-correspondent-who-sneaked-into-d-day/">"The Female War Correspondent Who Sneaked into D-Day | The Saturday Evening Post"</a>. <i>www.saturdayeveningpost.com</i>. 8 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.saturdayeveningpost.com&rft.atitle=The+Female+War+Correspondent+Who+Sneaked+into+D-Day+%7C+The+Saturday+Evening+Post&rft.date=2018-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.saturdayeveningpost.com%2F2018%2F11%2Fthe-female-war-correspondent-who-sneaked-into-d-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Knight, Sam (18 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-uk/a-memorial-for-the-remarkable-martha-gellhorn">"A Memorial for the Remarkable Martha Gellhorn"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-792X">0028-792X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=A+Memorial+for+the+Remarkable+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2019-09-18&rft.issn=0028-792X&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fnews%2Fletter-from-the-uk%2Fa-memorial-for-the-remarkable-martha-gellhorn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kert1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kert1_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kert, Bernice – <i>The Hemingway Women: Those Who Loved Him – the Wives and Others</i>, W.W. Norton & Co., New York, 1983.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"My Twelve Years in the White House", <i>Upstairs at the Roosevelts'<span></span></i>, Potomac Books, 2017, pp. 1–4, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fj.ctt1pv89hw.4">10.2307/j.ctt1pv89hw.4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61234-942-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61234-942-8"><bdi>978-1-61234-942-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=My+Twelve+Years+in+the+White+House&rft.btitle=Upstairs+at+the+Roosevelts%27&rft.pages=1-4&rft.pub=Potomac+Books&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctt1pv89hw.4&rft.isbn=978-1-61234-942-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGourley2007[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2018]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2018)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGourley2007[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2018]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2018)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGourley2007">Gourley 2007</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2018)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JMackrell-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JMackrell_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JMackrell_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JMackrell_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudith_Mackrell2024" class="citation web cs1">Judith Mackrell (11 September 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/article/2024/sep/11/now-i-owned-a-private-war-lee-miller-and-the-female-journalists-who-broke-battlefield-rules">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Now I owned a private war': Lee Miller and the female journalists who broke battlefield rules"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Blue+plaque+for+US+war+correspondent+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2019-09-03&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2019%2Fsep%2F03%2Fmartha-gellhorn-blue-plaque-us-war-correspondent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGellhorn1945" class="citation news cs1">Gellhorn, Martha (23 June 1945). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/war-correspondent-martha-gellhorn-at-DACHAU-death-camp-pdf">"Dachau: Experimental Murder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s" title="Collier's">Collier's</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Collier%27s&rft.atitle=Dachau%3A+Experimental+Murder&rft.date=1945-06-23&rft.aulast=Gellhorn&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldmagazinearticles.com%2Fwar-correspondent-martha-gellhorn-at-DACHAU-death-camp-pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nojobforawoman.com">Documentary <i>No Job for a Woman</i></a> website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tny180919-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tny180919_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-uk/a-memorial-for-the-remarkable-martha-gellhorn">"A Memorial for the Remarkable Martha Gellhorn"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>. 18 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Martha+Gellhorn%2C+Daring+Writer%2C+Dies+at+89&rft.date=1998-02-17&rft.aulast=Lyman&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F02%2F17%2Farts%2Fmartha-gellhorn-daring-writer-dies-at-89.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.salon.com/media/1998/03/12media.html">Kevin Kerrane, "Martha's quest"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20010417092705/http://www.salon.com/media/1998/03/12media.html">Archive</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Salon_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salon (website)">Salon</a></i>, 2000, accessed 19 October 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarlowe2003" class="citation news cs1">Marlowe, Lara (13 December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/in-times-of-love-and-war-1.399784">"In times of love and war"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=In+times+of+love+and+war&rft.date=2003-12-13&rft.aulast=Marlowe&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fin-times-of-love-and-war-1.399784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2006/08/12/gellhorn/">"I didn't like sex at all"</a>. <i>Salon</i>. 12 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salon&rft.atitle=I+didn%27t+like+sex+at+all&rft.date=2006-08-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2006%2F08%2F12%2Fgellhorn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/4602293.history-beyond-garden-gate/">"History beyond garden gate", <i>South Wales Argus</i>, 6 August 2004</a>. Retrieved 19 September 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WesternMail2021-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WesternMail2021_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WesternMail2021_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCavill2021" class="citation news cs1">Cavill, Nancy (3 July 2021). "The war reporter and her 'retreat' in Wales; Nancy Cavill uncovers the little-known links between an American war correspondent and novelist and Wales – as a Purple Plaque is unveiled in her memory at her former home in Monmouthshire...". <i>The Western Mail</i>. pp. 12–14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Western+Mail&rft.atitle=The+war+reporter+and+her+%27retreat%27+in+Wales%3B+Nancy+Cavill+uncovers+the+little-known+links+between+an+American+war+correspondent+and+novelist+and+Wales+%E2%80%93+as+a+Purple+Plaque+is+unveiled+in+her+memory+at+her+former+home+in+Monmouthshire...&rft.pages=12-14&rft.date=2021-07-03&rft.aulast=Cavill&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Selina Hastings, <i>Sybille Bedford: An Appetite for Life</i>, Vintage, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cliomuse.com/martha-gellhorn.html">"Martha Gellhorn: the person and the journalist"</a>. <i>Cliomuse.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New York: Henry Holt and Co. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gellhorntwentiet00moor/page/135">135-136</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-6553-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-6553-4"><bdi>978-0-8050-6553-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gellhorn%3A+a+Twentieth+Century+Life&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=135-136&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Co.&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8050-6553-4&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgellhorntwentiet00moor%2Fpage%2F135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4723541/The-war-for-Marthas-memory.html">"The War for Martha's Memory"</a>, <i>The Telegraph</i>, 15 March 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker, Allie, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehemingwayproject.com/luck-pluck-and-serendipity-bumbys-wartime-experience-with-hadley-audio/">"Luck, Pluck, and Serendipity: Bumby's Wartime Experience"</a> (with Hadley audio), <i>The Hemingway Project</i>, 13 February 2014. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=John+Simpson+on+his+plan+to+commit+suicide+%E2%80%93+and+why+he+refuses+to+be+an+old+bore&rft.date=2016-07-10&rft.aulast=Sturges&rft.aufirst=India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fmen%2Ffatherhood%2Fjohn-simpson-on-his-plan-to-commit-suicide---and-why-he-refuses%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/letter-martha-gellhorn-prize-of-pounds-5000-1122531.html">"Letter: Martha Gellhorn prize of pounds 5,000"</a>. <i>Independent</i>. 26 September 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent&rft.atitle=Letter%3A+Martha+Gellhorn+prize+of+pounds+5%2C000&rft.date=1999-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fvoices%2Fletter-martha-gellhorn-prize-of-pounds-5000-1122531.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2019" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Amy (3 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/sep/03/martha-gellhorn-blue-plaque-us-war-correspondent">"Blue plaque for US war correspondent Martha Gellhorn"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Blue+plaque+for+US+war+correspondent+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.date=2019-09-03&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2019%2Fsep%2F03%2Fmartha-gellhorn-blue-plaque-us-war-correspondent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-57684212">"Reporter Martha Gellhorn honoured with purple plaque"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Reporter+Martha+Gellhorn+honoured+with+purple+plaque&rft.date=2021-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-57684212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-10-04-4049230895_x.htm">"Stamps honor distinguished journalists"</a>, <i>USA Today</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldmediarights.com/index.php?hidAction=episode&eid=2552&name=Martha_Gellhorn">"Episode 7 : Martha Gellhorn"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141208152724/http://www.worldmediarights.com/index.php?hidAction=episode&eid=2552&name=Martha_Gellhorn">Archived</a> 8 December 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Extraordinary Women</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paulamclain.com/books/love-and-ruin/">"Love and Ruin - Paula McLain"</a>. <i>Paula McLain</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Paula+McLain&rft.atitle=Love+and+Ruin+-+Paula+McLain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaulamclain.com%2Fbooks%2Flove-and-ruin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsobserver.com/entertainment/tv/warm-tv-blog/article250418076.html">https://www.newsobserver.com/entertainment/tv/warm-tv-blog/article250418076.html What to Watch on Monday: The start of Ken Burns' 'Hemingway' documentary</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/News_%26_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="News & Observer">News & Observer</a></i>, Brooke Cain, 5 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoucet2019" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lyse_Doucet" title="Lyse Doucet">Doucet, Lyse</a> (1 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/dec/03/yours-for-probably-always-matha-gellhorn-letters-love-war-1930-1949-janet-somerville-review">"Yours, for Probably Always: Martha Gellhorn's Letters of Love and War 1930–1949 - review"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Yours%2C+for+Probably+Always%3A+Martha+Gellhorn%27s+Letters+of+Love+and+War+1930%E2%80%931949+-+review&rft.date=2019-12-01&rft.aulast=Doucet&rft.aufirst=Lyse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2019%2Fdec%2F03%2Fyours-for-probably-always-matha-gellhorn-letters-love-war-1930-1949-janet-somerville-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDorman2015" class="citation book cs1">Dorman, Angelia Hardy (16 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Martha-Gellhorn-Motif-Remembrance-ebook/dp/B008QZ5Y8O/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1369672760&sr=8-1&keywords=angelia++dorman"><i>Martha Gellhorn: Myth, Motif and Remembrance eBook</i></a>. Kindle Store.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martha+Gellhorn%3A+Myth%2C+Motif+and+Remembrance+eBook&rft.pub=Kindle+Store&rft.date=2015-11-16&rft.aulast=Dorman&rft.aufirst=Angelia+Hardy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FMartha-Gellhorn-Motif-Remembrance-ebook%2Fdp%2FB008QZ5Y8O%2Fref%3Dsr_1_1%3Fie%3DUTF8%26qid%3D1369672760%26sr%3D8-1%26keywords%3Dangelia%2B%2Bdorman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Sources</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGourley2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Gourley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Gourley (page does not exist)">Gourley, Catherine</a> (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/warwomennewshowf0000gour"><i>War, Women and the News: How Female Journalists Won the Battle to Cover World War 2</i></a></span>. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-689-87752-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-689-87752-0"><bdi>978-0-689-87752-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War%2C+Women+and+the+News%3A+How+Female+Journalists+Won+the+Battle+to+Cover+World+War+2&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Atheneum+Books+for+Young+Readers&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-689-87752-0&rft.aulast=Gourley&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwarwomennewshowf0000gour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorehead2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Moorehead" title="Caroline Moorehead">Moorehead, Caroline</a> (2003). <i>Martha Gellhorn: A Life</i>. London: Chatto & Windus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7011-6951-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7011-6951-6"><bdi>0-7011-6951-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martha+Gellhorn%3A+A+Life&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7011-6951-6&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span><br />(re-published as <i>Gellhorn: A 20th-Century Life</i>, Henry Holt & Co., New York (2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8050-6553-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8050-6553-9">0-8050-6553-9</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackrell2023" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Mackrell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Mackrell (page does not exist)">Mackrell, Judith</a> (2023). <i>The Correspondents: Six Women Writers on the Front Lines of World War II</i>. US: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780593471159" title="Special:BookSources/9780593471159"><bdi>9780593471159</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Correspondents%3A+Six+Women+Writers+on+the+Front+Lines+of+World+War+II&rft.place=US&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9780593471159&rft.aulast=Mackrell&rft.aufirst=Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorehead2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Moorehead" title="Caroline Moorehead">Moorehead, Caroline</a> (2006). <i>The Letters of Martha Gellhorn</i>. London: Chatto & Windus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7011-6952-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7011-6952-4"><bdi>0-7011-6952-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Letters+of+Martha+Gellhorn&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7011-6952-4&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Gellhorn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fintan_O%27Toole" title="Fintan O'Toole">O'Toole, Fintan</a>, "A Moral Witness" (review of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Janet_Somerville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janet Somerville (page does not exist)">Janet Somerville</a>, ed., <i>Yours, for Probably Always: Martha Gellhorn's Letters of Love and War, 1930–1949</i>, Firefly, 528 pp.), <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, vol. LXVII, no. 15 (8 October 2020), pp. 29–31. <a href="/wiki/Fintan_O%27Toole" title="Fintan O'Toole">Fintan O'Toole</a> writes (p. 31): "Her [war] dispatches were not first drafts of history; they were letters from eternity. [...] To see history – at least the history of war – in terms of people is to see it not as a linear process but as a series of terrible repetitions [...]. It is her ability to capture [...] the terrible futility of this sameness that makes Gellhorn's reportage so genuinely timeless. [W]e are [...] drawn [...] into the undertow of her distraught awareness that this moment, in its essence, has happened before and will happen again."</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Martha_Gellhorn" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Martha Gellhorn">Martha Gellhorn</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Martha_Gellhorn" class="extiw" title="q:Martha Gellhorn">Martha Gellhorn</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/64feb/germany.htm">"Is There a New Germany?"</a>, Martha Gellhorn, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="The Atlantic Monthly">The Atlantic Monthly</a></i>, February 1964</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1961/10/the-arabs-of-palestine/304203/">"The Arabs of Palestine"</a>, from Martha Gellhorn</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://johnpilger.com/videos/the-outsiders-martha-gellhorn">"The Outsiders: Martha Gellhorn"</a> a 1983 interview by <a href="/wiki/John_Pilger" title="John Pilger">John Pilger</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0312433/">Martha Gellhorn</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071015135916/http://www.electricsky.com/catalogue_detail.aspx?program=213">Electric Sky – "Martha Gellhorn – On The Record"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/programmes/a-z/by/Martha%20Gellhorn/player">Martha Gellhorn talks about the Spanish Civil War </a> (from a <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> live stream).</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gellhornmartha.blogspot.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li>Petri Liukkonen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://authorscalendar.info/gellhorn.htm">"Martha Gellhorn"</a>. <i>Books and Writers</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/01/14/1073877895418.html">Review of "Martha Gellhorn: A Life" </a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/War_correspondent" title="War correspondent">correspondents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">Print<br />journalists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R._W._Apple_Jr." title="R. W. Apple Jr.">R. W. Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Arnett" title="Peter Arnett">Peter Arnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Becker_(journalist)" title="Elizabeth Becker (journalist)">Elizabeth Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Bigart" title="Homer Bigart">Homer Bigart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Birch_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Birch (journalist)">Michael Birch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Braestrup" title="Peter Braestrup">Peter Braestrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Browne" title="Malcolm Browne">Malcolm Browne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Warner" title="Denis Warner">Denis Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Burchett" title="Wilfred Burchett">Wilfred Burchett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickey_Chapelle" title="Dickey Chapelle">Dickey Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dudman" title="Richard Dudman">Richard Dudman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Elegant" title="Robert Elegant">Robert Elegant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Emerson" title="Gloria Emerson">Gloria Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_B._Fall" title="Bernard B. Fall">Bernard Fall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenton" title="James Fenton">James Fenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_FitzGerald_(journalist)" title="Frances FitzGerald (journalist)">Frances FitzGerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvana_Foa" title="Sylvana Foa">Sylvana Foa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Galloway" title="Joseph L. Galloway">Joseph Galloway</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Gellhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.D.S._Greenway" class="mw-redirect" title="H.D.S. Greenway">H.D.S. Greenway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Halberstam" title="David Halberstam">David Halberstam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Herr" title="Michael Herr">Michael Herr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Higgins" title="Marguerite Higgins">Marguerite Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_Just" title="Ward Just">Ward Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeshi_Kaik%C5%8D" title="Takeshi Kaikō">Takeshi Kaikō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_R._Kann" title="Peter R. Kann">Peter Kann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Karnow" title="Stanley Karnow">Stanley Karnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Kirk" title="Donald Kirk">Donald Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Kroft" title="Steve Kroft">Steve Kroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pilger" title="John Pilger">John Pilger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gareth_Porter" title="Gareth Porter">Gareth Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reguly" title="Robert Reguly">Robert Reguly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sack" title="John Sack">John Sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Sayle" title="Murray Sayle">Murray Sayle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Schell" title="Jonathan Schell">Jonathan Schell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Schanberg" title="Sydney Schanberg">Sydney Schanberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Sheehan" title="Neil Sheehan">Neil Sheehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_D._Shimkin" title="Alexander D. Shimkin">Alexander Shimkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck_IV" title="John Steinbeck IV">John Steinbeck IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_V._Storin" title="Matthew V. Storin">Matthew V. Storin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Swain" title="Jon Swain">Jon Swain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Tregaskis" title="Richard Tregaskis">Richard Tregaskis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Webb" title="Kate Webb">Kate Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Deane_Young" title="Perry Deane Young">Perry Deane Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/War_photography" title="War photography">Photo-<br />journalists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Adams_(photographer)" title="Eddie Adams (photographer)">Eddie Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Burnett_(photojournalist)" title="David Burnett (photojournalist)">David Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Burrows" title="Larry Burrows">Larry Burrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Capa" title="Robert Capa">Robert Capa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Caron" title="Gilles Caron">Gilles Caron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickey_Chapelle" title="Dickey Chapelle">Dickey Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Chellapah" title="Charles Chellapah">Charles Chellapah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Davis_(cameraman)" title="Neil Davis (cameraman)">Neil Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Douglas_Duncan" title="David Douglas Duncan">David Douglas Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eggleston" title="Charles Eggleston">Charles Eggleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Faas" title="Horst Faas">Horst Faas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Flynn_(photojournalist)" title="Sean Flynn (photojournalist)">Sean Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chas_Gerretsen" title="Chas Gerretsen">Chas Gerretsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Gluck" title="Barbara Gluck">Barbara Gluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Jones_Griffiths" title="Philip Jones Griffiths">Philip Jones Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirck_Halstead" title="Dirck Halstead">Dirck Halstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Huet" title="Henri Huet">Henri Huet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume_Kennerly" title="David Hume Kennerly">David Hume Kennerly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Leroy" title="Catherine Leroy">Catherine Leroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_McCullin" title="Don McCullin">Don McCullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co_Rentmeester" title="Co Rentmeester">Co Rentmeester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Page_(photographer)" title="Tim Page (photographer)">Tim Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Rockoff" title="Al Rockoff">Al Rockoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshio_Sakai" title="Toshio Sakai">Toshio Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dichi_Sawada" title="Kyōichi Sawada">Kyoichi Sawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Swanson" title="Dick Swanson">Dick Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Stone" title="Dana Stone">Dana Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francois_Sully" class="mw-redirect" title="Francois Sully">Francois Sully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Tamura_(photographer)" title="Shigeru Tamura (photographer)">Shigeru Tamura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Ulevich" title="Neal Ulevich">Neal Ulevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Ut" title="Nick Ut">Nick Ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nik_Wheeler" title="Nik Wheeler">Nik Wheeler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_journalism" title="Broadcast journalism">Broadcast<br />journalists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bell" title="Martin Bell">Martin Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bradley" title="Ed Bradley">Ed Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Collingwood_(journalist)" title="Charles Collingwood (journalist)">Charles Collingwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Fromson" title="Murray Fromson">Murray Fromson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Gralnick" title="Jeff Gralnick">Jeff Gralnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Hastings" title="Max Hastings">Max Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Kalb" title="Bernard Kalb">Bernard Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kalischer" title="Peter Kalischer">Peter Kalischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Kiker" title="Douglas Kiker">Douglas Kiker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kincaid" title="Jim Kincaid">Jim Kincaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Kroft" title="Steve Kroft">Steve Kroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuralt" title="Charles Kuralt">Charles Kuralt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Laurence" title="John Laurence">John Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lewis_(journalist)" title="George Lewis (journalist)">George Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ike_Pappas" title="Ike Pappas">Ike Pappas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Pettifer" title="Julian Pettifer">Julian Pettifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Plante" title="Bill Plante">Bill Plante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Rather" title="Dan Rather">Dan Rather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reasoner" title="Harry Reasoner">Harry Reasoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clete_Roberts" title="Clete Roberts">Clete Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morley_Safer" title="Morley Safer">Morley Safer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schlesinger" title="Joe Schlesinger">Joe Schlesinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Schoendoerffer" title="Pierre Schoendoerffer">Pierre Schoendoerffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Simon" title="Bob Simon">Bob Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Threlkeld" title="Richard Threlkeld">Richard Threlkeld</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ernest_Hemingway" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ernest_Hemingway" title="Template:Ernest Hemingway"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ernest_Hemingway" title="Template talk:Ernest Hemingway"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ernest_Hemingway" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ernest Hemingway"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ernest_Hemingway" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway_bibliography" title="Ernest Hemingway bibliography">Bibliography</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Torrents_of_Spring" title="The Torrents of Spring">The Torrents of Spring</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises" title="The Sun Also Rises">The Sun Also Rises</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Arms" title="A Farewell to Arms">A Farewell to Arms</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_Have_and_Have_Not" title="To Have and Have Not">To Have and Have Not</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Whom_the_Bell_Tolls" title="For Whom the Bell Tolls">For Whom the Bell Tolls</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Across_the_River_and_into_the_Trees" title="Across the River and into the Trees">Across the River and into the Trees</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Man_and_the_Sea" title="The Old Man and the Sea">The Old Man and the Sea</a></i> (1952)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonfiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_in_the_Afternoon" title="Death in the Afternoon">Death in the Afternoon</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills_of_Africa" title="Green Hills of Africa">Green Hills of Africa</a></i> (1935)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Posthumous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Moveable_Feast" title="A Moveable Feast">A Moveable Feast</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islands_in_the_Stream_(novel)" title="Islands in the Stream (novel)">Islands in the Stream</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dangerous_Summer" title="The Dangerous Summer">The Dangerous Summer</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_Eden_(novel)" title="The Garden of Eden (novel)">The Garden of Eden</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/True_at_First_Light" title="True at First Light">True at First Light</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Kilimanjaro" title="Under Kilimanjaro">Under Kilimanjaro</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Up_In_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Up In Michigan">Up In Michigan</a>" (1921)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Indian_Camp" title="Indian Camp">Indian Camp</a>" (1924)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Doctor_and_the_Doctor%27s_Wife" title="The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife">The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_End_of_Something" title="The End of Something">The End of Something</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Three-Day_Blow" title="The Three-Day Blow">The Three-Day Blow</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Battler" title="The Battler">The Battler</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Very_Short_Story" title="A Very Short Story">A Very Short Story</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Soldier%27s_Home" title="Soldier's Home">Soldier's Home</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Revolutionist" title="The Revolutionist">The Revolutionist</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mr._and_Mrs._Elliot" title="Mr. and Mrs. Elliot">Mr. and Mrs. Elliot</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cat_in_the_Rain" title="Cat in the Rain">Cat in the Rain</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Out_of_Season_(short_story)" title="Out of Season (short story)">Out of Season</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cross_Country_Snow" title="Cross Country Snow">Cross Country Snow</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_Old_Man_(short_story)" title="My Old Man (short story)">My Old Man</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Big_Two-Hearted_River" title="Big Two-Hearted River">Big Two-Hearted River</a>" (1925)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Banal_Story" title="Banal Story">Banal Story</a>" (1926)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Today_is_Friday" title="Today is Friday">Today is Friday</a>" (1926)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Canary_for_One" title="A Canary for One">A Canary for One</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Fifty_Grand" title="Fifty Grand">Fifty Grand</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hills_Like_White_Elephants" title="Hills Like White Elephants">Hills Like White Elephants</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Killers_(Hemingway_short_story)" title="The Killers (Hemingway short story)">The Killers</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Undefeated_(short_story)" title="The Undefeated (short story)">The Undefeated</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Che_Ti_Dice_La_Patria%3F" title="Che Ti Dice La Patria?">Che Ti Dice La Patria?</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/In_Another_Country" title="In Another Country">In Another Country</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Now_I_Lay_Me" title="Now I Lay Me">Now I Lay Me</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Simple_Enquiry" title="A Simple Enquiry">A Simple Enquiry</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ten_Indians" title="Ten Indians">Ten Indians</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/An_Alpine_Idyll" title="An Alpine Idyll">An Alpine Idyll</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Pursuit_Race" title="A Pursuit Race">A Pursuit Race</a>" (1927)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_the_Quai_at_Smyrna" title="On the Quai at Smyrna">On the Quai at Smyrna</a>" (1930)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Fathers_and_Sons_(short_story)" title="Fathers and Sons (short story)">Fathers and Sons</a>" (1932)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Natural_History_of_the_Dead" title="A Natural History of the Dead">A Natural History of the Dead</a>" (1932)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Clean,_Well-Lighted_Place" title="A Clean, Well-Lighted Place">A Clean, Well-Lighted Place</a>" (1933)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Day%27s_Wait" title="A Day's Wait">A Day's Wait</a>" (1933)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Gambler,_the_Nun,_and_the_Radio" title="The Gambler, the Nun, and the Radio">The Gambler, the Nun, and the Radio</a>" (1933)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Way_You%27ll_Never_Be" title="A Way You'll Never Be">A Way You'll Never Be</a>" (1933)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_(short_story)" title="The Snows of Kilimanjaro (short story)">The Snows of Kilimanjaro</a>" (1936)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Capital_of_the_World_(short_story)" title="The Capital of the World (short story)">The Capital of the World</a>" (1936)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Short_Happy_Life_of_Francis_Macomber" title="The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber">The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber</a>" (1936)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Old_Man_at_the_Bridge" title="Old Man at the Bridge">Old Man at the Bridge</a>" (1938)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short story<br /> collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Stories_and_Ten_Poems" title="Three Stories and Ten Poems">Three Stories and Ten Poems</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Our_Time_(short_story_collection)" title="In Our Time (short story collection)">In Our Time</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_Without_Women_(short_story_collection)" title="Men Without Women (short story collection)">Men Without Women</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Winner_Take_Nothing" title="Winner Take Nothing">Winner Take Nothing</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Column_and_the_First_Forty-Nine_Stories" title="The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories">The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_(short_story_collection)" title="The Snows of Kilimanjaro (short story collection)">The Snows of Kilimanjaro</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><span class="wrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Column_and_Four_Stories_of_the_Spanish_Civil_War" title="The Fifth Column and Four Stories of the Spanish Civil War">The Fifth Column and Four Stories of the Spanish Civil War</a></i> (1969)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nick_Adams_Stories" title="The Nick Adams Stories">The Nick Adams Stories</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Short_Stories_of_Ernest_Hemingway" title="The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway">The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway:_The_Collected_Stories" title="Ernest Hemingway: The Collected Stories">Ernest Hemingway: The Collected Stories</a></i> (1995)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Story fragments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/On_Writing_(Hemingway)" title="On Writing (Hemingway)">On Writing</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/88_Poems" title="88 Poems">88 Poems</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Complete_Poems" title="Complete Poems">Complete Poems</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Today_is_Friday" title="Today is Friday">Today is Friday</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Column_and_the_First_Forty-Nine_Stories" title="The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories">The Fifth Column</a></i> (1938)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screenplays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Earth" title="The Spanish Earth">The Spanish Earth</a></i> (1937 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters and<br />journalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/By-Line:_Ernest_Hemingway" title="By-Line: Ernest Hemingway">By-Line: Ernest Hemingway</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway:_Selected_Letters,_1917%E2%80%931961" title="Ernest Hemingway: Selected Letters, 1917–1961">Ernest Hemingway: Selected Letters, 1917–1961</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dateline:_Toronto" title="Dateline: Toronto">Dateline: Toronto</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cambridge_Edition_of_the_Letters_of_Ernest_Hemingway" title="The Cambridge Edition of the Letters of Ernest Hemingway">The Cambridge Edition of the Letters of Ernest Hemingway</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Sun Also Rises</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises_(1957_film)" title="The Sun Also Rises (1957 film)">1957 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises_(1984_film)" title="The Sun Also Rises (1984 film)">1984 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises_(opera)" title="The Sun Also Rises (opera)">Opera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Select_(The_Sun_Also_Rises)" title="The Select (The Sun Also Rises)">The Select (The Sun Also Rises)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises_(ballet)" title="The Sun Also Rises (ballet)">Ballet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"The Killers"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Killers_(1946_film)" title="The Killers (1946 film)">1946 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Killers_(1956_film)" title="The Killers (1956 film)">1956 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Killers_(1964_film)" title="The Killers (1964 film)">1964 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Killers_(Bukowski_short_story)" title="The Killers (Bukowski short story)">Bukowski short story</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>A Farewell to Arms</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Arms_(1932_film)" title="A Farewell to Arms (1932 film)">1932 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Arms_(1957_film)" title="A Farewell to Arms (1957 film)">1957 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Arms_(TV_series)" title="A Farewell to Arms (TV series)">1966 TV series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>To Have and Have Not</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/To_Have_and_Have_Not_(film)" title="To Have and Have Not (film)">1944 film</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Breaking_Point_(1950_film)" title="The Breaking Point (1950 film)">The Breaking Point</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gun_Runners" title="The Gun Runners">The Gun Runners</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Khorshid" title="Captain Khorshid">Captain Khorshid</a></i> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>For Whom the Bell Tolls</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/For_Whom_the_Bell_Tolls_(film)" title="For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)">1943 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Whom_the_Bell_Tolls_(Playhouse_90)" title="For Whom the Bell Tolls (Playhouse 90)">1959 TV play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Whom_the_Bell_Tolls_(TV_series)" title="For Whom the Bell Tolls (TV series)">1965 TV series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Whom_the_Bell_Tolls_(Metallica_song)" title="For Whom the Bell Tolls (Metallica song)">1984 song</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Old Man and the Sea</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Man_and_the_Sea_(1958_film)" title="The Old Man and the Sea (1958 film)">1958 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Man_and_the_Sea_(1990_film)" title="The Old Man and the Sea (1990 film)">1990 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Man_and_the_Sea_(1999_film)" title="The Old Man and the Sea (1999 film)">1999 animated film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other film adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Macomber_Affair" title="The Macomber Affair">The Macomber Affair</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_My_Skin_(1950_film)" title="Under My Skin (1950 film)">Under My Skin</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_(1952_film)" title="The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952 film)">The Snows of Kilimanjaro</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway%27s_Adventures_of_a_Young_Man" title="Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man">Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islands_in_the_Stream_(film)" title="Islands in the Stream (film)">Islands in the Stream</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Soldier%27s_Home_(film)" title="Soldier's Home (film)">Soldier's Home</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Old_Man_(film)" title="My Old Man (film)">My Old Man</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_the_Storm_(2001_film)" title="After the Storm (2001 film)">After the Storm</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_Eden_(2008_film)" title="The Garden of Eden (2008 film)">The Garden of Eden</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Across_the_River_and_into_the_Trees_(film)" title="Across the River and into the Trees (film)">Across the River and into the Trees</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Homes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthplace_of_Ernest_Hemingway" title="Birthplace of Ernest Hemingway">Birthplace and boyhood home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway_Cottage" title="Ernest Hemingway Cottage">Michigan cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfeiffer_House_and_Carriage_House" title="Pfeiffer House and Carriage House">Hemingway-Pfeiffer House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway_House" title="Ernest Hemingway House">Key West home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Ambos_Mundos_(Havana)" title="Hotel Ambos Mundos (Havana)">Hotel Ambos Mundos, Havana home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finca_Vig%C3%ADa" title="Finca Vigía">Finca Vigía, Cuba home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_and_Mary_Hemingway_House" title="Ernest and Mary Hemingway House">Idaho home</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bacall_to_Arms" title="Bacall to Arms">Bacall to Arms</a></i> (1946 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway:_On_the_Edge" title="Hemingway: On the Edge">Hemingway: On the Edge</a></i> (1987 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Love_and_War_(1996_film)" title="In Love and War (1996 film)">In Love and War</a></i> (1996 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_in_Paris" title="Midnight in Paris">Midnight in Paris</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_%26_Gellhorn" title="Hemingway & Gellhorn">Hemingway & Gellhorn</a></i> (2012 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cooper_%26_Hemingway:_The_True_Gen" title="Cooper & Hemingway: The True Gen">Cooper & Hemingway: The True Gen</a></i> (2013 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Papa:_Hemingway_in_Cuba" title="Papa: Hemingway in Cuba">Papa: Hemingway in Cuba</a></i> (2015 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Genius_(2016_film)" title="Genius (2016 film)">Genius</a></i> (2016 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_(film)" title="Hemingway (film)">Hemingway</a></i> (2021 documentary series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Adams_(character)" title="Nick Adams (character)">Nick Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floridita" title="Floridita">Floridita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilar_(boat)" title="Pilar (boat)"><i>Pilar</i> (boat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceberg_theory" title="Iceberg theory">Iceberg theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway_International_Billfishing_Tournament" title="Ernest Hemingway International Billfishing Tournament">Ernest Hemingway International Billfishing Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Imitation_Hemingway_Competition" title="International Imitation Hemingway Competition">International Imitation Hemingway Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Perkins" title="Maxwell Perkins">Maxwell Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriana_Ivancich" title="Adriana Ivancich">Adriana Ivancich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_Foundation/PEN_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemingway Foundation/PEN Award">Hemingway Foundation/PEN Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Hemingway" title="Premio Hemingway">Premio Hemingway</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hello_Hemingway" title="Hello Hemingway">Hello Hemingway</a></i> (1990 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingway:_A_Portrait" title="Hemingway: A Portrait">Hemingway: A Portrait</a></i> (1999 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin%27s_Hemingway_Adventure" title="Michael Palin's Hemingway Adventure">Michael Palin's Hemingway Adventure</a></i> (1999 documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_(crater)" title="Hemingway (crater)">Hemingway crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum#The_Ernest_Hemingway_Collection" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">Kennedy Library Hemingway collection</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemingwaya" title="Hemingwaya">Hemingwaya</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadley_Richardson" title="Hadley Richardson">Elizabeth Hadley Richardson</a> <small>(first wife)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Hemingway" title="Jack Hemingway">Jack Hemingway</a> <small>(son)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Pfeiffer" title="Pauline Pfeiffer">Pauline Pfeiffer</a> <small>(second wife)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Hemingway" title="Patrick Hemingway">Patrick Hemingway</a> <small>(son)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Hemingway" title="Gloria Hemingway">Gloria Hemingway</a> <small>(daughter)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Gellhorn</a> <small>(third wife)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Welsh_Hemingway" title="Mary Welsh Hemingway">Mary Welsh Hemingway</a> <small>(fourth wife)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorian_Hemingway" title="Lorian Hemingway">Lorian Hemingway</a> <small>(granddaughter)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaux_Hemingway" title="Margaux Hemingway">Margaux Hemingway</a> <small>(granddaughter)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hemingway" title="John Hemingway">John Hemingway</a> <small>(grandson)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariel_Hemingway" title="Mariel Hemingway">Mariel Hemingway</a> <small>(granddaughter)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hall_Hemingway" title="Grace Hall Hemingway">Grace Hall Hemingway</a> <small>(mother)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Hemingway" title="Leicester Hemingway">Leicester Hemingway</a> <small>(brother)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120085#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120085#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120085#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110206537">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/7519340">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/44623/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqBjJHdkD9kRvmfgyTbVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/132775875">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79122711">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12949305j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12949305j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gellhorn, Martha"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV106681">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35117314">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000601740&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1050324">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/171055">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069396841">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90263101">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000499683">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/fcrtwd5z1wqq81g">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810683812705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/336447">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007261647805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512255506706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03223952?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/831538">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd132775875.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/132775875">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/072226366">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10583217">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6pc3gjx">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&oldid=1255022054">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martha_Gellhorn&oldid=1255022054</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1908_births" title="Category:1908 births">1908 births</a></li><li><a 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