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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sustainability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Sustainability </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sustainability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Administration </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Administration subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Affiliated_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliated_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Affiliated institutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliated_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Academics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Academics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rankings_and_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings_and_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Rankings and reputation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings_and_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Student life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Athletics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Performances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Newspaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Newspaper </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Student life programs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_life_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leadership_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.1 Leadership education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_exchange" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_exchange"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.2 Student exchange </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_exchange-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Sexual violence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Coat of arms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">University of Western Ontario</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" > 25 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88" title="جامعة ويسترن أونتاريو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة ويسترن أونتاريو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="وسترن اونتاریو بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="وسترن اونتاریو بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93" title="ইউনিভার্সিটি অব ওয়েস্টার্ন অন্টারিও – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউনিভার্সিটি অব ওয়েস্টার্ন অন্টারিও" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Заходне-Антарыйскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Заходне-Антарыйскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_d%27Ontario_Occidental" title="Universitat d'Ontario Occidental – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat d'Ontario Occidental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="University of Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="University of Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4%C3%A4ne-Ontario_%C3%9Clikool" title="Lääne-Ontario Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lääne-Ontario Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Ontario_Occidental" title="Universidad de Ontario Occidental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Ontario Occidental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Okcidenta_Ontario" title="Universitato de Okcidenta Ontario – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Okcidenta Ontario" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="دانشگاه وسترن انتاریو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه وسترن انتاریو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Western_Ontario" title="Université Western Ontario – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B4%EC%98%A8%ED%83%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="웨스턴온타리오 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웨스턴온타리오 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="University of Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95" title="אוניברסיטת מערב אונטריו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת מערב אונטריו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88" title="جامعة ويسترن اونتاريو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة ويسترن اونتاريو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ウェスタンオンタリオ大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウェスタンオンタリオ大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniwersytet_Zachodniego_Ontario" title="Uniwersytet Zachodniego Ontario – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Uniwersytet Zachodniego Ontario" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Western_Ontario" title="Universidade de Western Ontario – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Университет Западного Онтарио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Университет Западного Онтарио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="University of Western Ontario" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitet_u_zapadnom_Ontariju" title="Univerzitet u zapadnom Ontariju – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Univerzitet u zapadnom Ontariju" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Kanlurang_Ontario" title="Unibersidad ng Kanlurang Ontario – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Kanlurang Ontario" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE" title="Університет Західного Онтаріо – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Університет Західного Онтаріо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="西安大略大学 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public university in London, Ontario, Canada</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"UWO" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/UWO_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="UWO (disambiguation)">UWO (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">The University of Western Ontario</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:UWOarms2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/UWOarms2014.jpg/150px-UWOarms2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/UWOarms2014.jpg/225px-UWOarms2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/UWOarms2014.jpg/300px-UWOarms2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="327" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="#Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Western University</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">The Western University of London, Ontario<a href="#cite_note-Act1923-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Veritas et Utilitas (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Truth and usefulness</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">7 March 1878; 146 years ago (1878-03-07)<a href="#cite_note-UWO1878-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">ACU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Association_of_Research_Libraries" title="Canadian Association of Research Libraries">CARL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ontario_Universities" title="Council of Ontario Universities">COU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_University_Society_for_Intercollegiate_Debate" title="Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate">CUSID</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fields_Institute" title="Fields Institute">Fields Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universities_Canada" title="Universities Canada">Universities Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/U15_Group_of_Canadian_Research_Universities" title="U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities">U15</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a>1.3 billion (2024)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a>930 million<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Kelly Meighen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Shepard_(academic)" title="Alan Shepard (academic)">Alan Shepard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Florentine Strzelczyk</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,403<a href="#cite_note-auto-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">33,879<a href="#cite_note-auto-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6,705<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="extended-address"><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada<a href="#cite_note-7">[a]</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_of_Western_Ontario&params=43_00_30_N_81_16_21_W_type:edu">43°00′30″N 81°16′21″W / 43.00833°N 81.27250°W / 43.00833; -81.27250</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Urban, 455 hectares (1,120 acres)<a href="#cite_note-size-8">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Western Purple and White <table role="presentation" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;" aria-hidden="true"> <tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; height:1.75em"> <td style="background: #4F2683; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; font-size:50%;"> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Mustangs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">U Sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario_University_Athletics" title="Ontario University Athletics">OUA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data">JW the Mustang<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uwo.ca">uwo.ca</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg/150px-University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg/225px-University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg/300px-University_of_Western_Ontario_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="66" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> The University of Western Ontario (UWO; branded as Western University) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada. The main campus is located on 455 hectares (1,120 acres) of land, surrounded by residential neighbourhoods and the <a href="/wiki/Thames_River_(Ontario)" title="Thames River (Ontario)">Thames River</a> bisecting the campus's eastern portion. The university operates twelve academic faculties and schools. The university was founded on 7 March 1878 by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hellmuth" title="Isaac Hellmuth">Isaac Hellmuth</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Huron" title="Diocese of Huron">Anglican Diocese of Huron</a> as The Western University of London, Ontario.<a href="#cite_note-UWO1878-2">[2]</a> It incorporated <a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron College</a>, which had been founded in 1863. The first four faculties were Arts, Divinity, Law and Medicine. The university became <a href="/wiki/Non-denominational" title="Non-denominational">non-denominational</a> in 1908. Beginning in 1919, the university had affiliated with several denominational colleges. The university grew substantially in the <a href="/wiki/Post-war" title="Post-war">post-World War II</a> era, and a number of faculties and schools were added. Western is a <a href="/wiki/Co-educational" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-educational">co-educational</a> university, with more than 24,000 students, and over 306,000 living alumni worldwide. The university is a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/U15_Group_of_Canadian_Research_Universities" title="U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities">U15</a>, Canada's group of most distinguished research-intensive universities. Western's varsity teams, known as the <a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Western Mustangs</a>, compete in the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_University_Athletics" title="Ontario University Athletics">Ontario University Athletics</a> conference of <a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">U Sports</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> The university was founded on 7 March 1878 by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hellmuth" title="Isaac Hellmuth">Isaac Hellmuth</a> of the Anglican <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Huron" title="Diocese of Huron">Diocese of Huron</a> as The Western University of London, Ontario,<a href="#cite_note-UWO1878-2">[2]</a> and its first chancellor was Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Richard_Martin_Meredith" title="Richard Martin Meredith">Richard Martin Meredith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-11">[10]</a> It incorporated <a href="/wiki/Huron_College_(Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="Huron College (Ontario)">Huron College</a>, which had been founded in 1863.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-12">[11]</a> The first four faculties were Arts, Divinity, Law and Medicine (London Medical College).<a href="#cite_note-not_stated_1889_295-13">[12]</a> There were originally only 15 students when classes began in 1881.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-11">[10]</a> Although the university was incorporated in 1878, it was not until 20 June 1881 that it received the right to confer degrees in arts, divinity and medicine. In 1882, the name of the university was revised to The Western University and College of London, Ontario.<a href="#cite_note-uwo.ca-15">[14]</a> The first convocation of graduates was held on 27 April 1883.<a href="#cite_note-not_stated_1889_295-13">[12]</a> Initially affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>,<a href="#cite_note-uwo.ca-15">[14]</a> the university became <a href="/wiki/Non-denominational" title="Non-denominational">non-denominational</a> in 1908. In 1916, the university's current site was purchased from the Kingsmill family. There are two World War I memorial plaques in University College. The first lists the 19 students and graduates of the University of Western Ontario who died; the second honours the men from Middlesex County who died.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-NICMM_UOWO-17">[16]</a> A third plaque lists those who served with the No. 10 Canadian General hospital during WWII, the unit raised and equipped by UWO.<a href="#cite_note-NICMM_UOWO-17">[16]</a> In 1923, the university was renamed as The University of Western Ontario.<a href="#cite_note-Act1923-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-11">[10]</a> The first two buildings constructed by architect John Moore and Co. at the new site were the Arts Building (now University College) and the Natural Science Building (now the Physics and Astronomy Building).<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> Classes on the university's present site began in 1924.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> The University College tower, one of the university's most distinctive features, was named the Middlesex Memorial Tower in honour of the men from <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Middlesex County, Ontario">Middlesex County</a> who fought in World War I. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:322px;max-width:322px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:157px;max-width:157px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:119px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:University_College_1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/University_College_1924.jpg/155px-University_College_1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/University_College_1924.jpg/233px-University_College_1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/University_College_1924.jpg/310px-University_College_1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1238" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="University College (University of Western Ontario)">University College</a> in June 1924</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:161px;max-width:161px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:119px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:University_College,_Western_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg/159px-University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg/239px-University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg/318px-University_College%2C_Western_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">University College in October 2018</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Completed in 1924, University College is one of the earliest university buildings built on the present campus</div></div></div></div> In the early 20th century, a number of institutions became <a href="/wiki/Affiliated_college" class="mw-redirect" title="Affiliated college">affiliated colleges</a> of Western. In 1919, <a href="/wiki/Brescia_University_College" title="Brescia University College">Brescia College</a> was established as a Roman Catholic affiliate of Western, while <a href="/wiki/Assumption_University_(Windsor,_Ontario)" title="Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)">Assumption College</a> entered an affiliation agreement with the university.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-ce-20">[19]</a> Other institutions that became affiliated colleges of Western includes the Waterloo College of Arts in 1925, <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Seminary_(Diocese_of_London,_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Seminary (Diocese of London, Ontario)">St. Peter's College</a> in 1939, and <a href="/wiki/King%27s_University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="King's University College (University of Western Ontario)">King's College</a> in 1945.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-12">[11]</a> Waterloo College of Arts remained affiliated with Western until 1960, when the institution was reorganized into <a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University" title="Wilfrid Laurier University">Wilfrid Laurier University</a>; while Assumption College remained affiliated with Western until 1964, when it was reorganized into the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">University of Windsor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-ce-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-library-old.wlu.ca-21">[20]</a> Brescia, Huron, and King's remain affiliated with Western. Two World War II memorial honour rolls are hung on the Physics and Astronomy Building: the first lists the UWO students and graduates who served in the Second World War, and the second lists those who served with the No. 10 Canadian General hospital during WWII, the unit raised and equipped by UWO.<a href="#cite_note-NICMM_UOWO-17">[16]</a> Although enrolment was relatively small for many years, the university began to grow after World War II. It added a number of faculties in the post-war period, such as the Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Graduate_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate school">Graduate Studies</a> in 1947, the School of Business Administration (now the <a href="/wiki/Ivey_Business_School" title="Ivey Business School">Ivey Business School</a>) in 1949,<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> the Faculty of Engineering Science (now the Faculty of Engineering) in 1957, the <a href="/wiki/Western_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Law School">Faculty of Law</a> in 1959, <a href="/wiki/Althouse_College_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Althouse College of Education">Althouse College</a> (now the Faculty of Education) in 1965,<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> and the Faculty of Music in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WesternLawBldg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/WesternLawBldg.jpg/220px-WesternLawBldg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/WesternLawBldg.jpg/330px-WesternLawBldg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/WesternLawBldg.jpg/440px-WesternLawBldg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2551" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption>The Law Building houses the university's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Law" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Law">Faculty of Law</a>. The building was completed in 1960, shortly after the faculty was established.</figcaption></figure> In 2012, the university rebranded itself as "Western University" to give the school less of a regional or even national identity. "We want to be international," president Dr. <a href="/wiki/Amit_Chakma" title="Amit Chakma">Amit Chakma</a> told <a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a>. The university's legal name, however, remains "The University of Western Ontario" and, as such, remains in use on transcripts and diplomas.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Campus">edit</a>]</div> The University of Western Ontario is in the city of London, Ontario, in the southwestern end of the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</a>. Most of the campus is surrounded by residential neighbourhoods, with the <a href="/wiki/Thames_River_(Ontario)" title="Thames River (Ontario)">Thames River</a> bisecting the campus' eastern portion. <a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_London,_Ontario#Western_Road" title="List of roads in London, Ontario">Western Road</a> is the university's major transportation artery, travelling north to south. The central campus, which includes most of the university's student residences and teaching facilities is approximately 170.8 hectares (422 acres).<a href="#cite_note-size-8">[7]</a> Student residences make up the largest part of Western's building area, with approximately 31 percent of all building space allocated for residential use. Teaching and research facilities take up the second largest portion of building space, with approximately 28 percent of all building space allocated for that use. Most of these facilities are used for research, with 48 percent of all teaching and research facilities allocated for that purpose. Approximately 27 percent of all teaching and research facilities is made up of classrooms, with the remaining 24 percent made up of instructional laboratories.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg/220px-UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg/330px-UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg/440px-UWO_Physics_and_Astronomy_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Physics_and_Astronomy_Building_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="Physics and Astronomy Building (University of Western Ontario)">Physics and Astronomy Building</a> is one of several buildings on campus built in a <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic" title="Collegiate Gothic">Collegiate Gothic</a> architectural style.</figcaption></figure> The development of Western's present campus began in the 1920s. Many of the university's earliest buildings used <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic" title="Collegiate Gothic">Collegiate Gothic</a> designs, a characteristic confirmed in Western's master building plan in 1934.<a href="#cite_note-camh-27">[26]</a> As the campus expanded in the late 1960s, the university abandoned earlier commitments to Collegiate Gothic designs in favour of <a href="/wiki/Brutalist_architecture" title="Brutalist architecture">brutalist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modernist_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Modernist architecture">modernist</a> architectural designs.<a href="#cite_note-camh-27">[26]</a> In 2000, planning for Western's central campus was re-conceptualized, with the core devoted for only academic buildings. The plan saw University College Hill as the focal point, linking the lower portion of the campus with the South Valley<a href="#cite_note-camh-27">[26]</a> The 2006 campus master plan called for the protection and renewed emphasis on Western's Collegiate Gothic buildings.<a href="#cite_note-camh-27">[26]</a> The university's boiler room/power plant is the oldest building on the university's central campus, opening in 1922.<a href="#cite_note-buiag-28">[27]</a> The oldest academic buildings within the central campus is <a href="/wiki/University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="University College (University of Western Ontario)">University College</a> and the Physics and Astronomy Building. Groundbreaking for both buildings began in 1922, and were both completed in 1924.<a href="#cite_note-buiag-28">[27]</a> The Amit Chakma Engineering Building is the newest academic building on campus, opening in September 2018. The Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, or WIRB, is the newest building on campus and houses state-of-the art research facilities for the study of <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience" title="Cognitive neuroscience">cognitive neuroscience</a> as well as the Brain and Mind Institute, BrainsCAN, and the Rotman Institute for Philosophy.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library_and_museums">Library and museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Library and museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg/220px-D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg/330px-D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg/440px-D_B_Weldon_Library_University_of_Western_Ontario_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/D._B._Weldon_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="D. B. Weldon Library">D. B. Weldon Library</a> is one of the six branches of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Libraries" title="Western Libraries">Western Libraries</a>.</figcaption></figure> The university's library system, <a href="/wiki/Western_Libraries" title="Western Libraries">Western Libraries</a>, operates six libraries that house more than 2.45 million books as of September 2015<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit">[update]</a>, as well as electronic resources including e-books, serial titles, and databases.<a href="#cite_note-CUDO-30">[29]</a> Libraries a part of the system include the <a href="/wiki/Allyn_and_Betty_Taylor_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Allyn and Betty Taylor Library">Allyn and Betty Taylor Library</a>, C. B. Johnston Library, the <a href="/wiki/D._B._Weldon_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="D. B. Weldon Library">D. B. Weldon Library</a>, the Education Library, the John & Dotsa Bitove Family Law Library, and the Music Library.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> Allyn and Betty Taylor Library primarily services the faculties of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Engineering">Engineering</a>, Health Sciences, Science, and the <a href="/wiki/Schulich_School_of_Medicine_%26_Dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry">Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry</a>, while the C. B. Johnston Library primarily serves the <a href="/wiki/Ivey_Business_School" title="Ivey Business School">Ivey Business School</a>. The D. B. Weldon Library primarily services the faculties of Arts & Humanities, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Information_%26_Media_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Information & Media Studies">Information & Media Studies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Social_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Sciences">Social Sciences</a>. The D. B. Weldon Library also houses the university's Archives and Research Collections Centre.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Western Libraries also maintains the Shared Library Catalogue, which provides common access to the collections of Western Libraries, as well as the collections from the libraries of university colleges affiliated with the Western, including <a href="/wiki/Brescia_University_College" title="Brescia University College">Brescia University College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron University College</a>, King's University College, and St. Peter's Seminary. Access to the Shared University Catalogue is provided to students and faculty of Western, and the affiliated university colleges.<a href="#cite_note-SUC-33">[32]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg/220px-McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg/330px-McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg/440px-McIntosh_Gallery_UWO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>McIntosh Gallery is one of two art galleries located on its campus.</figcaption></figure> Western also operates two art galleries, the Artlab Gallery, and the McIntosh Gallery. Located in the John Labatt Visual Arts Centre, the Artlab Gallery showcases approximately 14 projects per year, exploring conceptual and experimental production through a wide range of media. The Artlab Gallery also aims to assist in the research and practices of students and faculty members.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> The McIntosh Gallery is a university-based, public art gallery, opened since 1942. The gallery is a presentation and dissemination centre for the university, as well as the London community, showcasing advanced practices and research in art history and contemporary visual art.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> The gallery is the oldest university art gallery in the province of Ontario, initially opened as an exhibition of paintings by <a href="/wiki/War_artists" class="mw-redirect" title="War artists">war artists</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Canada" title="National Gallery of Canada">National Gallery of Canada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> 683 works of the Gallery's collection were put on display throughout the university's main campus through the Gallery's ArtShare program in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-McIGR-37">[36]</a> Western also maintains academic and administrative links with the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Ontario_Archaeology" title="Museum of Ontario Archaeology">Museum of Ontario Archaeology</a>. The Museum originally grew out of a collection of artifacts housed in various buildings throughout London, including Western's University College, and Middlesex College. Formally opened on 28 February 1978, its creation was facilitated by the university president and Western's Faculty of Social Science. Although the museum was incorporated as an independent charitable organization, without the ability to share capital, its directors continued to be appointed by the university's Board of Governors.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing_and_student_facilities">Housing and student facilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Housing and student facilities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydenham_Quad.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Sydenham_Quad.JPG/220px-Sydenham_Quad.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Sydenham_Quad.JPG/330px-Sydenham_Quad.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Sydenham_Quad.JPG/440px-Sydenham_Quad.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Sydenham Quad within <a href="/wiki/Medway-Sydenham_Hall" title="Medway-Sydenham Hall">Medway-Sydenham Hall</a>, one of nine student residences at the university's campus</figcaption></figure> The main campus of The University of Western Ontario offers student housing, with nine student residences housing either first-year students or upper-year students. In September 2015, 23.49 percent of the undergraduate population lived on campus, including 78.69 percent of all first-year students.<a href="#cite_note-CUDO-30">[29]</a> Each residence operates their own Residences' Council, governed by their own constitutions.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> Student residence building are split between traditional-styled residences, suite-styled residences, and hybrid-style residences that incorporate elements of traditional and suite-styled residences. Traditional-styled residences include Delaware Hall, <a href="/wiki/Medway-Sydenham_Hall" title="Medway-Sydenham Hall">Medway-Sydenham Hall</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saugeen-Maitland_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Saugeen-Maitland Hall">Saugeen-Maitland Hall</a>. Suite-styled residences include Alumni House, Elgin Hall, Essex Hall, and London Hall. Hybrid-styled residences include Perth Hall and Ontario Hall.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> Alumni House and London Hall are reserved strictly for upper-year students.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> The largest residential building at the university is Saugeen–Maitland Hall, which houses 1,252 first-year students. The smallest residential building is Alumni House, which houses 224 upper-year students.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> The university also operates three apartments on campus strictly for upper-year and graduate students. The university's apartments consist of Bayfield Hall, made up of 299 1-bedroom units, Beaver & Ausable Halls, made up of 99 2-bedroom units, and Lambton Hall, made up of 150 2-bedroom units.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> Starting September 2021, Lambton Hall was converted into a first-year residence;<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> while Bayfield Hall will become a partial first-year residence in the following year.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg/220px-Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg/330px-Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg/440px-Saugeen-Maitland_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3510" data-file-height="2346" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saugeen-Maitland_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Saugeen-Maitland Hall">Saugeen-Maitland Hall</a> is the largest student residence operated by the university.</figcaption></figure> The support system in Residences at Western is made up of over 500 upper-year students who take on various roles and positions, with the goal being to assist first-year students and act as a resource for them. These positions include Residence Staff, Academic and Leadership Programmers, Community Leaders, Residence and Faculty Sophs, Residents' Council, Residence Tour Guides, and Connect-IT Staff Members.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> Residence Staff live alongside first-year students across Western's various residences, and assist in building an atmosphere to allow first-year students to grow and adjust to university life.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> The University Community Centre acts as Western's <a href="/wiki/Student_activity_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Student activity centre">student activity centre</a>, and is the university's centre of student governance and student directed social, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities. The University Community Centre contains the offices of a number of student organizations, including the undergraduate <a href="/wiki/Students%27_union" title="Students' union">student union</a>, the University Students' Council, as well as the graduate student union, the Society of Graduate Students. In addition, the University Community Centre also provides a number of retail and food services, as well as a variety of club space and study rooms.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Off-campus_facilities">Off-campus facilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Off-campus facilities">edit</a>]</div> In addition to The University of Western Ontario's central campus, the university owns several other properties throughout Southwestern Ontario. Excluding Western's central campus, as well as the campuses of Western's affiliated university colleges, Western owns approximately 309.6 hectares (765 acres) of land. Included among these properties is a number of research facilities. Managed under Western Research Parks, the facilities are clustered into three <a href="/wiki/Science_park" title="Science park">research parks</a>. The three parks serve as a research link between academics and corporations.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President%27s_House_UWO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/President%27s_House_UWO.jpg/220px-President%27s_House_UWO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/President%27s_House_UWO.jpg/330px-President%27s_House_UWO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/President%27s_House_UWO.jpg/440px-President%27s_House_UWO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gibbons_Lodge" title="Gibbons Lodge">Gibbons Lodge</a> serves as the official residence for the University President. It is one of several university-owned properties outside its main campus.</figcaption></figure> The oldest research park operated by Western is Discovery Park, adjacent to the university's main campus. The 16.2 hectares (40 acres) research park was established in 1989, with tenants ranging from national government laboratories, to large-multi-industrial research centres. Discovery Park also includes a 48-room hotel and conference centre, Windermere Manor.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> The Advanced Manufacturing Park is another research park established through a partnership between Western, <a href="/wiki/Fanshawe_College" title="Fanshawe College">Fanshawe College</a> and the City of London. Advanced Manufacturing Park is a 52.6 hectares (130 acres) research park, built in an area zoned for full-scale manufacturing and large-scale research.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> The <a href="/wiki/WindEEE_Dome" title="WindEEE Dome">WindEEE Dome</a> is among the facilities built in the Advanced Manufacturing Park. The WindEEE Dome is the world's first hexagonal <a href="/wiki/Wind_tunnel" title="Wind tunnel">wind tunnel</a>, allowing for scientists to address certain challenges related to wind. The structure is able to accommodate replicas of buildings, and bridges to test for structural integrity in a variety of wind conditions. The facility is able to physically simulate high intensity wind systems, including <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornados</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Downbursts" class="mw-redirect" title="Downbursts">downbursts</a> hard to replicate in other wind tunnels.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> In 2003, Western opened another research park known as the Sarnia-Lambton Research park, in a joint initiative with <a href="/wiki/Lambton_County" title="Lambton County">Lambton County</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sarnia" title="Sarnia">Sarnia</a>. The 32.4 hectares (80 acres) research park is adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Lambton_College" title="Lambton College">Lambton College</a> and is home to Canada's largest <a href="/wiki/Clean_technology" title="Clean technology">clean technology</a> <a href="/wiki/Business_incubator" title="Business incubator">business incubator</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> The university also manages several residences outside the central campus. The official residence of the university president, <a href="/wiki/Gibbons_Lodge" title="Gibbons Lodge">Gibbons Lodge</a>, is off-campus. Completed in 1932, the <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Revival_architecture" title="Tudor Revival architecture">Tudor Revival-styled</a> house is north of Western's central campus. It was acquired by the university in 1960.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> In addition to Gibbons Lodge, the university also maintains Platt's Lane Estates, a complex of townhouses and apartments south of the university's campus. The complex was designed to accommodate upper-year, graduate, and students with families.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sustainability">Sustainability</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sustainability">edit</a>]</div> Campus sustainability at Western is managed by the President's Advisory Committee on Environment & Sustainability. The committee's mandate includes incorporating sustainability into the academic programming, engaging in research across the disciplines into issues of environmental sustainability, using ecological landscaping methods and preserving green space and building and renovating facilities in accordance with energy efficiency and sustainability principles<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> Along with the other members of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ontario_Universities" title="Council of Ontario Universities">Council of Ontario Universities</a>, Western had signed a pledge in 2009 known as Ontario Universities Committed to a Greener World, with the objective of transforming its campus into a model of environmental responsibility.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> Western is also a signatory of the <a href="/wiki/Talloires_Declaration" title="Talloires Declaration">Talloires Declaration</a>, a sustainability declaration created for presidents of higher education.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> The university campus received a B− grade from the Sustainable Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card for 2011.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Administration">edit</a>]</div> The university's governance is conducted through the Board of Governors and the Senate. The Senate was the university's first governing body, created in the university's founding document, An Act to Incorporate the Western University of London, Ontario, 1878.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> The Board of Governors was later established in An Act to amend the Act to incorporate the Western University of London, Ontario, 1892.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> The Board is responsible for the university's management, including financial matters.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> Ex officio governors of the Board include the university's chancellor, president, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_London,_Ontario" title="List of mayors of London, Ontario">mayor of London</a>, the warden of <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Middlesex County, Ontario">Middlesex County</a> and the secretary of the Board of Governors. The Board also consists of 26 other governors either appointed or elected by the members of the university's community and the surrounding community, including elected representatives from the student body.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> The Senate is responsible for the university's academic policies.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> The Senate consists of 20 ex officio positions in the Senate granted to the chancellor, the president, the university's vice-presidents, the senior dean of each faculty, the university librarian and the secretary of the senate. The secretary of the senate is a non-voting ex officio member. The Senate also consists of 46 elected members from the university's faculty, 18 members from the student population, and 9 members from the Western's affiliated colleges, including their principals. The Senate also consists of 9 other members from around the university community. In all, there are 103 members of the Senate, 102 of which may vote and 10–13 official observers of the Senate.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> The president and vice-chancellor acts as the university's chief executive officer, accountable to the Board of Governors and the Senate, by supervising and directing the university's academic and administrative work and its teaching and non-teaching staff.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Shepard_(academic)" title="Alan Shepard (academic)">Alan Shepard</a> is the tenth president of the university, who began his tenure as president on 1 July 2019.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> In 2022, Shepard was the highest paid President of any Ontario university, receiving $520,000 in salary and benefits.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> The chancellor of the university acts as the honorary and symbolic head of the university. The position of chancellor is a four-year, non-renewable term.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> The university's current chancellor is Kelly Meighen, who was appointed to the position on 1 July 2023.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Affiliated_institutions">Affiliated institutions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Affiliated institutions">edit</a>]</div> The University of Western Ontario is affiliated to three <a href="/wiki/University_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="University colleges">university colleges</a>. Brescia University College is an all-women's Catholic-based university college, the only remaining <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_college" title="Women's college">women's college</a> in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-bres-72">[71]</a> Founded by the <a href="/wiki/Ursulines" title="Ursulines">Ursulines</a> in 1919, an affiliation agreement with Western was arranged shortly after its founding, with Brescia campus moving adjacent to Western's central campus in 1925.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> Huron University College was founded in 1863, originally established as Huron College, and renamed Huron University College in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-HurH-74">[73]</a> Huron's affiliation with Western was authorized in Western's first provincial charter, in 1878. Both Huron and Western share the same progenitor in Bishop <a href="/wiki/Issac_Hellmuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Issac Hellmuth">Issac Hellmuth</a>. Huron moved to its present location, adjacent to Western's central campus, in 1951.<a href="#cite_note-HurH-74">[73]</a> King's University College was founded in 1954, as a Catholic-based liberal arts college.<a href="#cite_note-King-75">[74]</a> Founded as Christ the King's College, it changed its name to King's College in 1966, and King's University College in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> Regardless of the university college's religious affiliation, enrolment in those institutions is not restricted based on the student's religious beliefs.<a href="#cite_note-King-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-bres-72">[71]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG/220px-St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG/330px-St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG/440px-St._Peter%27s_Seminary.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Seminary_(Diocese_of_London,_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Seminary (Diocese of London, Ontario)">St. Peter's Seminary</a> is an affiliated institution of Western</figcaption></figure> In addition to the three university colleges, Western also maintains an affiliation with St. Peter's Seminary through its affiliation with King's University College.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> Founded in 1912, St. Peters was opened as the <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_London,_Ontario" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of London, Ontario">Roman Catholic Diocese of London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> The campuses of King's University College and St. Peter's Seminary are east of <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_4" title="Ontario Highway 4">Richmond Street</a> and the university's central campus. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Academics">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SEB_Front_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SEB_Front_Tower.jpg/220px-SEB_Front_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SEB_Front_Tower.jpg/330px-SEB_Front_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SEB_Front_Tower.jpg/440px-SEB_Front_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2678" data-file-height="2723" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Engineering_Building" title="Spencer Engineering Building">Spencer Engineering Building</a> is used by Western's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Engineering">Faculty of Engineering</a>. The faculty is one of eleven faculties at the university.</figcaption></figure> Western is a publicly funded research university, and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Universities_and_Colleges_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada">Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> The full-time undergraduate programs comprise the majority of the school's enrolment, made up of 30,665 full-time, part-time undergraduate students and concurrent education students. The graduate student population is 5,297, including full-time students, part-time students and post-graduate medical residents.<a href="#cite_note-ipbuwo-80">[79]</a> The university conferred 4,504 bachelor's degrees, 207 doctoral degrees, 1,427 master's degrees, and 1,180 second entry professional degrees in 2008–2009.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> Students may apply for financial aid such as the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Student_Assistance_Program" title="Ontario Student Assistance Program">Ontario Student Assistance Program</a> and <a href="/wiki/Student_loans_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Student loans in Canada">Canada Student Loans and Grants</a> through the federal and provincial governments. The financial aid may come in loans, grants, bursaries, scholarships, fellowships, debt reduction, interest relief, and work programs.<a href="#cite_note-Human_Resources_and_Skills_Development_Canada-82">[81]</a> The university is divided into 11 faculties and schools including the <a href="/wiki/Don_Wright_Faculty_of_Music" title="Don Wright Faculty of Music">Don Wright Faculty of Music</a>, the Faculty of Arts & Humanities, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Education" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Education">Faculty of Education</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Engineering">Faculty of Engineering</a>, Faculty of Health Sciences, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Information_%26_Media_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Information & Media Studies">Faculty of Information & Media Studies</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Law" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Law">Faculty of Law</a>, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Social Science, <a href="/wiki/Ivey_School_of_Business" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivey School of Business">Ivey School of Business</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Schulich_School_of_Medicine_%26_Dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry">Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> In September 2016, most undergraduates at Western was enrolled in the Faculty of Social Sciences, with 7,114 full-time and part-time undergraduate students in enrolled in one of their programs.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-enrolnum-85">[84]</a> In the same year, the Faculty of Health Science held the highest enrolment among graduate students at Western, with 821 full-time and part-time graduate students enrolled in the faculty.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> The School Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies is the university's central administrative unit of graduate education.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> However, it is not considered its own faculty or academic school. Admission requirements at Western differ depending upon the education system where the applicant originates from, due to the lack of uniformity in marking schemes.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> In September 2012 secondary school average for full-time first-year students at Western was 89.3 percent.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> For admission in the fall of 2013, there were 45,000 applications for 4,900 spaces.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> The university also offers students the opportunity to earn credits while studying abroad, through student exchange programs, and internship, faculty-led international excursions, and clinical placements.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rankings_and_reputation">Rankings and reputation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Rankings and reputation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width:25em; font-size:80%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_Canada" title="Rankings of universities in Canada">University rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">World rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a> World<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_ARWU_W-92">[91]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">201–300</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> World<a href="#cite_note-QS-93">[92]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">=120</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> Employability<a href="#cite_note-QS_GEUR-94">[93]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">43</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a> World<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_THES_W-95">[94]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">201–250</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_University_Ranking" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking">USNWR</a> World<a href="#cite_note-USNWR_Best_Global_Universities-96">[95]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">311</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Canadian rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings#Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="College and university rankings">ARWU</a> National<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_ARWU_W-92">[91]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9–12</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> National<a href="#cite_note-QS-93">[92]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a> National<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_THES_W-95">[94]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9–10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/USNWR" class="mw-redirect" title="USNWR">USNWR</a> National<a href="#cite_note-USNWR_Best_Global_Universities-96">[95]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s#University_Ranking_Guide" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a> Medical/Doctoral<a href="#cite_note-Macdoc-97">[96]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s#University_Ranking_Guide" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a> Reputation<a href="#cite_note-Macrep-98">[97]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr></tbody></table> In the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a> rankings, the university ranked 201–300 in the world and 9–12 in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_ARWU_W-92">[91]</a> The 2024 <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a> ranked the university 114th in the world and sixth in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> The 2023 <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">Times Higher Education World University Rankings</a> ranked Western 201–250 in the world, and 8–10 in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-USUnivRankings_THES_W-95">[94]</a> In <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> 2022–23 global university rankings, the university placed 300th in the world, and tenth in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-USNWR_Best_Global_Universities-96">[95]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a> 2023 rankings, Western placed 11th in their Medical-Doctoral university category, tied with <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Laval" title="Université Laval">Université Laval</a>. The university also ranked 13th in Maclean reputation category.<a href="#cite_note-Macdoc-97">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> The university has also placed in a number of rankings that evaluated the employment prospects of its graduates. In QS's 2022 graduate employability ranking, the university ranked 43rd in the world, and third in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-QS_GEUR-94">[93]</a> The university is ranked among the top 1% of higher education institutions worldwide. <a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robartsri2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Robartsri2.jpg/220px-Robartsri2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Robartsri2.jpg/330px-Robartsri2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Robartsri2.jpg/440px-Robartsri2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robarts_Research_Institute" title="Robarts Research Institute">Robarts Research Institute</a> is a medical research facility at Western's campus. More than 600 people conduct basic and clinical research at the facility.</figcaption></figure> Western has four primary fields of research: life sciences and the human condition, culture analysis and values, the human and physical environments, and social trends, public policy, and economic activity.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> In Research Infosource's 2018 ranking of Canadian research universities, Western was ranked 10th; with a sponsored research income (external funding) of $249.669 million in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-reinf-103">[102]</a> In 2017, members of Western's faculty averaged a sponsored research income of $166,100, while graduate students averaged a sponsored research income $41,600.<a href="#cite_note-reinf-103">[102]</a> The federal government is the largest source of funding providing 46% of Western's <a href="/wiki/Funding_of_science" title="Funding of science">research budget</a>, primarily through grants. Private corporations contribute 10 per cent of Western's research budget.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> Western's research performance has been noted in several <a href="/wiki/Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">bibliometric</a> university rankings, which uses <a href="/wiki/Citation_analysis" title="Citation analysis">citation analysis</a> to evaluate the <a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">impact</a> a university has on academic publications. In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Performance_Ranking_of_Scientific_Papers_for_World_Universities" title="Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities">Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities</a> ranked Western 197th in the world, and ninth in Canada,<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> whereas the <a href="/wiki/University_Ranking_by_Academic_Performance" title="University Ranking by Academic Performance">University Ranking by Academic Performance</a> 2018–19 rankings placed the university 187th in the world, and ninth in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> Research regarding the <a href="/wiki/Human_brain" title="Human brain">human brain</a> has also become a major focus at the university. The Brain and Mind Institute focuses on research in <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience" title="Cognitive neuroscience">cognitive neuroscience</a> at Western.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> In 2011, the Institute discovered the blind may perform <a href="/wiki/Animal_echolocation" title="Animal echolocation">echolocation</a> by using the <a href="/wiki/Visual_cortex" title="Visual cortex">visual cortex</a> of the brain.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> Another 2011 study at Western suggested people who are deaf from birth may be able to reassign the area of their brain used for hearing to boost their sight.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Western also is home to the Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, the first dedicated space institute providing a planetary science degree in Canada. In 2014, the university unveiled plans for a 4,200-square-foot facility for research in medicine, science and technology, in the study of HIV and other complex human pathogens. <a href="/wiki/Schulich_School_of_Medicine_%26_Dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry">Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry</a>'s Department of Microbiology and Immunology is globally recognized, in large part due to the groundbreaking discoveries of Dr. Chil-Yong Kang, a Western researcher clinically testing a preventive HIV/AIDS vaccine.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/SAV001" title="SAV001">SAV001</a>-H is the first and only preventive <a href="/wiki/HIV_vaccine" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV vaccine">HIV vaccine</a> based on a genetically modified killed whole <a href="/wiki/HIV-1" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV-1">HIV-1</a> virus. The United States <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) Phase I clinical trial was completed in August 2013<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> and reported no serious adverse effects while boosting antibodies in the volunteers. The vaccine SAV001-H holds tremendous promise, having already proven to stimulate strong immune responses in preliminary toxicology tests. It is the only HIV vaccine under development in Canada, and one of only a few in the world.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Student life">edit</a>]</div> <table style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable"> <caption>Demographics of student body (2017–18)<a href="#cite_note-113">[b]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>Undergraduate<a href="#cite_note-114">[c]</a></th> <th>Graduate </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">Male</a><a href="#cite_note-male-115">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-female-116">[113]</a> </th> <td>43.9%</td> <td>45.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">Female</a><a href="#cite_note-male-115">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-female-116">[113]</a> </th> <td>56.1%</td> <td>55.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian student</a><a href="#cite_note-doeintl-117">[114]</a> </th> <td>90.1%</td> <td>78.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/International_student" title="International student">International student</a><a href="#cite_note-doeintl-117">[114]</a> </th> <td>9.9%</td> <td>22.0% </td></tr></tbody></table> The two main <a href="/wiki/Students%27_union" title="Students' union">student unions</a> on administrative and policy issues is the <a href="/wiki/University_Students%27_Council_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Students' Council (Canada)">University Students' Council</a> for all undergraduate students and the Society of Graduate Students for graduate students.<a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> The University Students' Council recognizes more than 180 student organizations and clubs, in which more than 19,500 people are a member.<a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a> These clubs and organizations cover a wide range of interests such as academics, culture, religion, social issues, and recreation.<a href="#cite_note-club-121">[118]</a> The University Students' Council also provides additional services such as the campus movie theatre (Western Film), pub/restaurant (The Spoke & Rim Tavern), clothing store (The Purple Store) and print shop.<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a> These facilities can all be found in the University Community Centre. The USC is a nonprofit organization incorporated under the Ontario Nonprofit Corporations Act.<a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:O-Week_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/O-Week_2.jpg/220px-O-Week_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/O-Week_2.jpg/330px-O-Week_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/O-Week_2.jpg/440px-O-Week_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Orientation_week" class="mw-redirect" title="Orientation week">O-week</a> at Western is a week of activities to orient and welcome new students.</figcaption></figure> There are a number of <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">fraternities and sororities</a> existing throughout the student community. The university is known for its party culture, ranking 7th in Canada by Maclean's top party school 2019 rankings.<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> On March 2, 2022, the University Students' Council unanimously passed a motion declaring a Sexual and Gender-Based Violence crisis on campus.<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a> This followed nationally discussed allegations of a mass drugging and widespread sexual-assault during the 2021/2022 orientation week, which culminated with the arrest and expulsion of some students.<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletics">Athletics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Athletics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Western Mustangs</a></div> Athletics at Western is managed by Sports & Recreation Services, a division of the Faculty of Health Sciences.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a> The university's varsity teams compete in the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_University_Athletics" title="Ontario University Athletics">Ontario University Athletics</a> conference of <a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">U Sports</a>. The varsity teams are known as the <a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Western Mustangs</a>. As is mandatory for all members of U Sports, Western does not provide full-ride athletic scholarships.<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a> The university has a number of athletic facilities open to their varsity teams and their students. The Western Student Recreation Centre, opened in January 2009, is home to Western's group fitness, drop in recreation, registered massage therapy, sport psychology, drop in recreation, intramural sports and clubs. Better known as the WSRC or the Rec Centre, this facility has an 8-lane, 50-metre pool facility. Overlooking the pool is a 3-tiered concrete viewing area. A 1-metre diving board is also available. There is over 19,000 square feet of weight, cardio, and stretching space within the WSRC. There are three gyms on the first floor, and two more on the upper level. Outside the lower gyms is the 1st floor games and activity lounge for table tennis, while outside of the upper gym spaces is cardio space as well as the destination for spin bike programming. Also on the 4th floor are two large studio spaces where the drop in fitness, clubs and dance courses take place.<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg/220px-Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg/330px-Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg/440px-Football_game_at_Western_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The Western Mustangs compete in a number of sports, including <a href="/wiki/Canadian_football" title="Canadian football">Canadian football</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Western_Alumni_Stadium" title="Western Alumni Stadium">Western Alumni Stadium</a> (Formerly TD Stadium) has been the university's main stadium since it opened in 2000, with a <a href="/wiki/Seating_capacity" title="Seating capacity">seating capacity</a> of over 8,000 spectators. The stadium is home to the university's varsity football team, and has hosted a number of events including the <a href="/wiki/World_Lacrosse_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="World Lacrosse Championships">World Lacrosse Championships</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Games" title="Canada Games">Canada Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a> The Thompson Recreation & Athletic Centre which houses a number of athletic venues, including an ice rink, tennis facilities and a track, is home to the varsity ice hockey teams and the varsity track and field teams.<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> Another athletic facility at the university is Alumni Hall, which is a multipurpose venue for sports such as basketball, volleyball and other indoor events.<a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a> Many Western students take part in intramural sport leagues and tournaments.<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> Opportunities are offered at multiple skill levels and across a variety of sports. Sports offered include traditional sports like volleyball, basketball and soccer, as well as less traditional events like dodgeball and inner tube water polo. Western also hosts secondary school football games at TD Stadium.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> Western has several fight songs and school songs that may be heard at varsity games, including the official school song, "<a href="/wiki/Western_Mustang_Band#Western_Song" title="Western Mustang Band">Western</a>". Written in 1930, it is most notably played at football games and other athletic events by the <a href="/wiki/Western_Mustang_Band" title="Western Mustang Band">Western Mustang Band</a>.<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performances">Performances</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Performances">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Don_Wright_Faculty_of_Music" title="Don Wright Faculty of Music">Don Wright Faculty of Music</a> offers almost 400 performances, masterclasses and recitals each year, most of which are open to the public. The Western University Symphony Orchestra and the Western University Chamber Orchestra perform regularly under conductor Alain Trudel. UWOpera performs a wide variety of repertoire ranging from operetta to full operatic works in the Paul Davenport Theatre (refurbished and renamed in 2009 from Talbot Theatre).<a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a> There are other student-run drama groups that puts on shows every year. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_Community_Centre,_UWO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg/220px-University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg/330px-University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg/440px-University_Community_Centre%2C_UWO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1552" /></a><figcaption>The University Community Centre is a <a href="/wiki/Student_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Student centre">student centre</a> that houses a number of student-run organizations, including a <a href="/wiki/Campus_radio" title="Campus radio">campus radio</a> station, and a <a href="/wiki/Student_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Student newspaper">student newspaper</a></figcaption></figure> The university's student population operates a number of media outlets throughout the campus environment. The University Students' Council owns and operates the <a href="/wiki/Campus_radio" title="Campus radio">campus radio</a> station <a href="/wiki/CHRW-FM" title="CHRW-FM">CHRW-FM</a> (94.9 FM).<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> The first campus radio to operate at Western was in 1971, although the present day station CHRW-FM, was not established until 1979, one year after the closure of the Western's first campus radio station.<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> The University Students' Council previously operated a closed-circuit television station known as tvWestern.ca. The station began broadcasting in 1994,<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a> and was discontinued by the student union in 2010 after being cut from the University Students' Council's operating budget.<a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Newspaper">Newspaper</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Newspaper">edit</a>]</div> The Gazette, sometimes called the Western Gazette, is a <a href="/wiki/Student_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Student newspaper">student newspaper</a> which has been in publication since 1906.<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> The Gazette publishes online daily and in print on Tuesdays during the academic year.<a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-About_Us-143">[140]</a> The Gazette has its roots as a hand-written literature newspaper called In Cap And Gown, which began in 1902.<a href="#cite_note-:0-144">[141]</a> The In Cap And Gown was first produced in newsprint in November 1906, but changed its name to The Gazette in 1908.<a href="#cite_note-:0-144">[141]</a> The Gazette ceased publishing in the spring of 1916 due to <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War 1</a> but was revived in its old form in 1919. In 1930, 7 years after Western University changed its name to the University of Western Ontario, the paper changed its name to the University of Western Ontario Gazette. The Gazette started as monthly but in its early years appeared weekly and twice weekly.<a href="#cite_note-:1-145">[142]</a> The newspaper now focuses on online-only content on a daily basis.<a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> In 2017, the Gazette began printing only once a week.<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a> The Western Gazette absorbed the assets of Western TV in 2016. Western TV was formally the Big Purple Couch and TV Western. The Gazette has spawned several other publications in its history. One was Occidentalia, which had its roots in special convocation issues of the Gazette which included pictures of the graduating class.<a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a> "Oxy" as it was known became the university's year book and it provided "an interesting record of the year's activities in all Faculties and Schools."<a href="#cite_note-:1-145">[142]</a> The paper is owned and published by the <a href="/wiki/University_Students%27_Council_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Students' Council (Canada)">University Students' Council</a> (USC). The paper has editorial autonomy from the USC.<a href="#cite_note-About_Us-143">[140]</a> The publications committee consists of mainly professional journalists who advise the full-time staff on editorial decisions and financial management of the paper, as well as offer an intermediary between the sometimes contentious relationship between the student politicians who are reported on by the Gazette.<a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> The paper is one of the founding members of the National University Wire.<a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a> The Gazette has a long history of producing some of Canada's most well-known journalists. Gazette alumni have worked at many successful media networks including The Globe and Mail, <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a>, MacLean's, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CTV_Television_Network" title="CTV Television Network">CTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic" title="Al Jazeera Arabic">Al Jazeera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sportsnet" title="Sportsnet">Sportsnet</a> and The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AboutUs-151">[148]</a> Some notable alumni include: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Stephen Brunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susan_Delacourt" title="Susan Delacourt">Susan Delacourt</a>, Kevin Donovan, <a href="/wiki/Scott_Feschuk" title="Scott Feschuk">Scott Feschuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elliotte_Friedman" title="Elliotte Friedman">Elliotte Friedman</a>, Kevin Newman, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Off" title="Carol Off">Carol Off</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Thicke" title="Alan Thicke">Alan Thicke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Wells" title="Paul Wells">Paul Wells</a> and Aaron Wherry.<a href="#cite_note-AboutUs-151">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_life_programs">Student life programs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Student life programs">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leadership_education">Leadership education</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Leadership education">edit</a>]</div> The Leadership Education Program is designed to teach students how to become effective leaders, both individually and in teams. The program is split into three tiers: individual leadership, group leadership, and community leadership. To successfully complete a tier an individual must complete at least five of its seven modules.<a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Student_exchange">Student exchange</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Student exchange">edit</a>]</div> The University of Western Ontario offers a <a href="/wiki/Student_exchange_program" title="Student exchange program">student exchange program</a> to <a href="/wiki/Study_abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Study abroad">study abroad</a> with several other partner institutions. Almost four hundred students come to Western each year as exchange students from abroad, with more students coming to Western as international undergraduate or exchange students. The Western International Exchange Program offers its students the opportunity to study at more than 85 different institutions in 25 countries.<a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_violence">Sexual violence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sexual violence">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, Stanley Dobrowolski, a former staff psychiatrist for Western students, was convicted of sexual crimes against his patients. He pleaded guilty to 18 charges (16 of sexual assault, one for voyeurism, and one for disobeying court orders) and was sentenced to four years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> Dobrowolski had been a psychiatrist at Western until 1995. The university issued an apology for Dobrowolski's actions on 16 March 2016.<a href="#cite_note-155">[152]</a> In September 2021, several students were alleged to have been sexually assaulted during Western's <a href="/wiki/Orientation_week" class="mw-redirect" title="Orientation week">orientation week</a>. The incidents surfaced after numerous reports of sexual assault, many facilitated by drugs, surfaced on the internet. The resulting incidents has resulted in some criticism against the university for failing to protect female students from <a href="/wiki/Rape_culture" title="Rape culture">rape culture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-156">[153]</a> These events took place during a period known as the "Red Zone." This is the period encompassing the first eight weeks of the university school year in which 50% of sexual-assaults take place.<a href="#cite_note-157">[154]</a> In the same week, a first-year Western student was killed near the university; a suspect was later charged with manslaughter in connection with the incident.<a href="#cite_note-LondonCTV-158">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Western_Ontario_people" title="List of University of Western Ontario people">List of University of Western Ontario people</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Robarts,_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Robarts, 17th Premier of Ontario"><img alt="John Robarts, 17th Premier of Ontario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg/82px-John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg/123px-John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg/164px-John_Robarts%2C_Premier_of_Ontario.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="804" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/John_Robarts" title="John Robarts">John Robarts</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_premiers_of_Ontario" title="List of premiers of Ontario">17th</a> <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Ontario" title="Premier of Ontario">Premier of Ontario</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fredrick_banting.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sir Frederick Banting, awarded the Nobel Prize for the first use of insulin on humans"><img alt="Sir Frederick Banting, awarded the Nobel Prize for the first use of insulin on humans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/91px-Fredrick_banting.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/137px-Fredrick_banting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/182px-Fredrick_banting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="632" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sir <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Frederick Banting</a>, awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize</a> for the first use of insulin on humans</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Margaret Chan, 7th Director General of the World Health Organization"><img alt="Margaret Chan, 7th Director General of the World Health Organization" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg/96px-Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg/144px-Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg/192px-Margaret_Chan_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_2011_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3116" data-file-height="3887" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chan" title="Margaret Chan">Margaret Chan</a>, 7th Director General of the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Carson_Mark.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="J. Carson Mark, mathematician and member of the Manhattan Project"><img alt="J. Carson Mark, mathematician and member of the Manhattan Project" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Carson_Mark.gif/117px-Carson_Mark.gif" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Carson_Mark.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="133" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/J._Carson_Mark" title="J. Carson Mark">J. Carson Mark</a>, mathematician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kevin O'Leary, president of The Learning Company and television personality"><img alt="Kevin O'Leary, president of The Learning Company and television personality" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg/91px-Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg/137px-Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg/182px-Kevin_O%27Leary_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="723" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Leary" title="Kevin O'Leary">Kevin O'Leary</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/The_Learning_Company" title="The Learning Company">The Learning Company</a> and television personality</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galen Weston, chairman of George Weston Limited"><img alt="Galen Weston, chairman of George Weston Limited" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg/83px-Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg/124px-Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg/166px-Willard_Gordon_Galen_Weston_at_the_CFC_Gala_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="1089" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Galen_Weston" title="Galen Weston">Galen Weston</a>, chairman of <a href="/wiki/George_Weston_Limited" title="George Weston Limited">George Weston Limited</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roberta Bondar, CSA astronaut and the first Canadian female in space"><img alt="Roberta Bondar, CSA astronaut and the first Canadian female in space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg/100px-Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg/150px-Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg/199px-Roberta_Bondar_NASA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="338" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Bondar" title="Roberta Bondar">Roberta Bondar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Space_Agency" title="Canadian Space Agency">CSA</a> astronaut and the first Canadian female in space</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_(42481105871)_(cropped_v2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party"><img alt="Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg/79px-Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg/119px-Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg/159px-Jagmeet_Singh_at_the_2nd_National_Bike_Summit_-_Ottawa_-_2018_%2842481105871%29_%28cropped_v2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="1176" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jagmeet_Singh" title="Jagmeet Singh">Jagmeet Singh</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic Party</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Simu Liu, Canadian actor"><img alt="Simu Liu, Canadian actor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/87px-Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/130px-Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/173px-Simu_Liu_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2663" data-file-height="3688" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Simu_Liu" title="Simu Liu">Simu Liu</a>, Canadian actor</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jane_Philpott_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jane Philpott, Canadian physician, academic, and former Canadian politician"><img alt="Jane Philpott, Canadian physician, academic, and former Canadian politician" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg/127px-Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg/169px-Jane_Philpott_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="3744" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Philpott" title="Jane Philpott">Jane Philpott</a>, Canadian physician, academic, and former Canadian politician</div> </li> </ul> As of November 2007<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit">[update]</a>, the University of Western Ontario has over 220,000 alumni residing in over 100 countries.<a href="#cite_note-159">[156]</a> Throughout Western's history, faculty, alumni, and former students have played prominent roles in many different fields and have won the Nobel Prize, <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> and other awards such as the Rhodes Scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-160">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[158]</a> Former faculty member <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Frederick Banting</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> for his discovery of insulin.<a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alice_Munro" title="Alice Munro">Alice Munro</a>, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013, studied in the university's English department for two years under a scholarship and returned to Western in 1974–1975, when she held the post of writer-in-residence. She was later awarded an honorary degree.<a href="#cite_note-163">[160]</a> Two graduates from Western have also travelled in space, namely <a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Tryggvason" title="Bjarni Tryggvason">Bjarni Tryggvason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roberta_Bondar" title="Roberta Bondar">Roberta Bondar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[162]</a> Many former students have gained local and national prominence for serving in government, such as <a href="/wiki/James_Bartleman" title="James Bartleman">James Bartleman</a>, who served as <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Ontario" title="Lieutenant Governor of Ontario">Lieutenant Governor of Ontario</a> from 2002 to 2007, and <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Copps" title="Sheila Copps">Sheila Copps</a> who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Canada.<a href="#cite_note-166">[163]</a> Western's alumni also include a number of provincial premiers, including former <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Ontario" title="Premier of Ontario">premiers of Ontario</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Robarts" title="John Robarts">John Robarts</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Peterson" title="David Peterson">David Peterson</a>,<a href="#cite_note-167">[164]</a> and the former <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Alberta" title="Premier of Alberta">premier of Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Getty" title="Don Getty">Don Getty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a> A number of graduates have also served prominent positions on the international level. Examples include <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Stevens" title="Glenn Stevens">Glenn Stevens</a>,<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a> the Governor of the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia" title="Reserve Bank of Australia">Reserve Bank of Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chan" title="Margaret Chan">Margaret Chan</a>, the Director-General of the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a> A significant number of prominent leaders in business and economics have also studied at Western. Examples include: Stephen Poloz, Governor, Bank of Canada,<a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Bailey" title="Thomas H. Bailey">Thomas H. Bailey</a>, founder and former chairman of <a href="/wiki/Janus_Capital_Group" title="Janus Capital Group">Janus Capital Group</a>,<a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Beattie" title="Geoff Beattie">Geoff Beattie</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/The_Woodbridge_Company" title="The Woodbridge Company">The Woodbridge Company</a> and chairman of <a href="/wiki/Bell_Media" title="Bell Media">CTVglobemedia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_A._Cope" title="George A. Cope">George Cope</a>, president and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Bell_Canada" title="Bell Canada">Bell Canada Enterprise</a>,<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dean_Muncaster" title="Joseph Dean Muncaster">Joseph Muncaster</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tire" title="Canadian Tire">Canadian Tire</a>,<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Rogers_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Rogers III">Edward Rogers III</a>, deputy chairman of <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Communications" title="Rogers Communications">Rogers Communications</a>, and former president of <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Cable" title="Rogers Cable">Rogers Cable</a>,<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arkadi_Kuhlmann" title="Arkadi Kuhlmann">Arkadi Kuhlmann</a>, chairman of <a href="/wiki/ING_Group#Direct_Banking" title="ING Group">ING Direct</a>,<a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rob_McEwen" title="Rob McEwen">Rob McEwen</a>, founder, chairman and former CEO of <a href="/wiki/Goldcorp_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Goldcorp Inc.">Goldcorp Inc.</a>,<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Thompson_(TD_banker)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Thompson (TD banker)">John Thompson</a>, former chairman of <a href="/wiki/Toronto-Dominion_Bank" title="Toronto-Dominion Bank">Toronto-Dominion Bank</a> and chancellor of Western,<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a> <a href="/wiki/Prem_Watsa" title="Prem Watsa">Prem Watsa</a>, chairman, CEO of <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_Financial" title="Fairfax Financial">Fairfax Financial</a>,<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lee_Seng_Wee" title="Lee Seng Wee">Lee Seng Wee</a>, former chairman of <a href="/wiki/Oversea-Chinese_Banking_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation">Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation</a>,<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a> <a href="/wiki/Galen_Weston" title="Galen Weston">Galen Weston</a>, chairman and president of <a href="/wiki/George_Weston_Limited" title="George Weston Limited">George Weston Limited</a>,<a href="#cite_note-182">[179]</a> <a href="/wiki/Howard_Lindzon" title="Howard Lindzon">Howard Lindzon</a>, author and founder of <a href="/wiki/StockTwits" title="StockTwits">StockTwits</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Fillion2013-183">[180]</a> businesswoman <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Heng" title="Margaret Heng">Margaret Heng</a>, CEO of Shatec, a Singapore-based hospitality training institution,<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Leary" title="Kevin O'Leary">Kevin O'Leary</a>, television personality, venture capitalist, and former president of <a href="/wiki/The_Learning_Company" title="The Learning Company">The Learning Company</a>.<a href="#cite_note-185">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Coat of arms">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of University of Western Ontario </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 220px;"><a href="/wiki/File:UWOarms2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/UWOarms2014.jpg/220px-UWOarms2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/89/UWOarms2014.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="327" /></a> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd>Granted by the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Heraldic_Authority" title="Canadian Heraldic Authority">Canadian Heraldic Authority</a> on 15 January 2014<a href="#cite_note-186">[183]</a></dd> <dt>Crest</dt> <dd>In front of a branch of maple Gules an open book proper edged and clasped Or.</dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Per saltire Purpure and Argent in chief an open book proper edged and clasped Or in fess two hurts that to the dexter charged with a demi-stag contourné Argent that to the sinister charged with a demi-lion double-queued Ermine ducally crowned and in base a maple leaf, on a chief Or a sun rising Gules.</dd> <dt>Supporters</dt> <dd>Dexter a moose and sinister a lynx, both Or.</dd> <dt>Motto</dt> <dd>Veritas et Utilitas (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for 'Truth and usefulness')</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15025_Uwontario" class="mw-redirect" title="15025 Uwontario">15025 Uwontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustang_Band" title="Western Mustang Band">Western Mustang Band</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> The university's main campus is located on 1151 Richmond Street in London, Ontario. However, in addition to its main campus the university also operates other facilities throughout southwestern Ontario. </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> The following includes full-time, and part-time students enrolled at the university. The following figures do not include students enrolled with an affiliate institutions of Western, including Brescia, King, and Huron university colleges. </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> The following includes students enrolled in a <a href="/wiki/First_professional_degree" class="mw-redirect" title="First professional degree">first professional degree</a> program. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Act1923-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Act1923_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Act1923_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uwo.ca/univsec/pdf/about/university_act/UWO_Act_1923.pdf">"An Act respecting The University of Western Ontario"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 19 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=%23224+Lee+Seng+Wee+%26+family&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Flists%2F2006%2F10%2F4RX8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/galen-weston">"Galen Weston & family"</a>. Forbes. March 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Galen+Weston+%26+family&rft.date=2011-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fprofile%2Fgalen-weston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fillion2013-183"><a href="#cite_ref-Fillion2013_183-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFillion,_Rubina_Madan2013" class="citation news cs1">Fillion, Rubina Madan (8 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.barrons.com/article/SB10001424127887324662404578334890346873944.html?mod=wsj_article_exploremore_3">"The Best Tweets for Your Money"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Barron%27s_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barron's (newspaper)">Barron's</a>. Retrieved 8 May 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Barron%27s&rft.atitle=The+Best+Tweets+for+Your+Money&rft.date=2013-03-08&rft.au=Fillion%2C+Rubina+Madan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.barrons.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424127887324662404578334890346873944.html%3Fmod%3Dwsj_article_exploremore_3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTan2013" class="citation news cs1">Tan, Hsueh Yun (20 May 2013). "Training for success". <a href="/wiki/The_Straits_Times" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a>. p. C4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Training+for+success&rft.pages=C4&rft.date=2013-05-20&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Hsueh+Yun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927214609/https://www.ivey.uwo.ca:444/advisory_board/membership/t-kevin-oleary/">"T. Kevin O'Leary"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ivey.uwo.ca:444/advisory_board/membership/t-kevin-oleary/">the original</a> on 27 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T.+Kevin+O%27Leary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ivey.uwo.ca%3A444%2Fadvisory_board%2Fmembership%2Ft-kevin-oleary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gg.ca/en/heraldry/public-register/project/2512">"Arms of The University of Western Ontario"</a>. Canadian Heraldic Authority. 12 November 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arms+of+The+University+of+Western+Ontario&rft.pub=Canadian+Heraldic+Authority&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fen%2Fheraldry%2Fpublic-register%2Fproject%2F2512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarr,_Murray_Llewellyn1977" class="citation book cs1">Barr, Murray Llewellyn (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/centuryofmedicin0000barr">A Century of Medicine at Western: A Centennial History of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Ontario</a>. University of Western Ontario. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780919534001" title="Special:BookSources/9780919534001"><bdi>9780919534001</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Century+of+Medicine+at+Western%3A+A+Centennial+History+of+the+Faculty+of+Medicine%2C+University+of+Western+Ontario&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Ontario&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=9780919534001&rft.au=Barr%2C+Murray+Llewellyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcenturyofmedicin0000barr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGwynne-Timothy,_John_RW1978" class="citation book cs1">Gwynne-Timothy, John RW (1978). Western's First Century. University of Western Ontario.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Western%27s+First+Century&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Ontario&rft.date=1978&rft.au=Gwynne-Timothy%2C+John+RW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalman,_Ruth_Davis1925" class="citation thesis cs1">Talman, Ruth Davis (1925). The Beginnings and Development of the University of Western Ontario, 1878–1924 (MA thesis). University of Western Ontario.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Beginnings+and+Development+of+the+University+of+Western+Ontario%2C+1878%E2%80%931924&rft.degree=MA&rft.inst=University+of+Western+Ontario&rft.date=1925&rft.au=Talman%2C+Ruth+Davis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Western+Ontario" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Western_Ontario&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks 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University</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uwo.ca/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westernmustangs.ca/">Official athletics website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_University_of_Western_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Western_Ontario" title="Template:University of Western Ontario"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Western_Ontario" title="Template talk:University of Western Ontario"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Western_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Western Ontario"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_University_of_Western_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The University of Western Ontario</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;"><div>Located in: <a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London, Ontario</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_Wright_Faculty_of_Music" title="Don Wright Faculty of Music">Music</a></li> <li>Arts and Humanities</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Education" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Information_and_Media_Studies" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Information and Media Studies">Information and Media Studies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_Information_Science_program_at_the_University_of_Western_Ontario" title="Library and Information Science program at the University of Western Ontario">program</a></li></ul></li> <li>Health Science</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario_Faculty_of_Law" title="University of Western Ontario Faculty of Law">Law</a></li> <li>Science</li> <li>Social Science</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivey_Business_School" title="Ivey Business School">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schulich_School_of_Medicine_and_Dentistry" title="Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry">Medicine & Dentistry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">Colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brescia_University_College" title="Brescia University College">Brescia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_University_College,_University_of_Western_Ontario" title="King's University College, University of Western Ontario">King's</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Seminary_(Canada)" title="St. Peter's Seminary (Canada)">St. Peter's Seminary</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHRW-FM" title="CHRW-FM">CHRW-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UWO_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="UWO Gazette">UWO Gazette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Western Mustangs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs_football" title="Western Mustangs football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Western Mustangs men's ice hockey">M ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Western Mustangs women's ice hockey">W ice hockey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustang_Band" title="Western Mustang Band">Western Mustang Band</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Libraries" title="Western Libraries">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn_Memorial_Observatory" title="Hume Cronyn Memorial Observatory">Cronyn Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elginfield_Observatory" title="Elginfield Observatory">Elginfield Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibbons_Lodge" title="Gibbons Lodge">Gibbons Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway-Sydenham_Hall" title="Medway-Sydenham Hall">Medway-Sydenham Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="Middlesex College (University of Western Ontario)">Middlesex College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics_and_Astronomy_Building_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="Physics and Astronomy Building (University of Western Ontario)"> Physics and Astronomy Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugeen%E2%80%93Maitland_Hall" title="Saugeen–Maitland Hall">Saugeen–Maitland Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Engineering_Building" title="Spencer Engineering Building">Spencer Engineering Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Alumni_Stadium" title="Western Alumni Stadium">Western Alumni Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Recreation_and_Athletic_Centre" title="Thompson Recreation and Athletic Centre">Thompson Recreation and Athletic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" title="University College (University of Western Ontario)">University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospital_(London,_Ontario)" title="University Hospital (London, Ontario)">University Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WindEEE_Dome" title="WindEEE Dome">WindEEE Dome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CPSX" title="CPSX">CPSX</a></li> <li>Ivey International Centre for Health Innovation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_in_Canadian_History_and_Environment" title="Network in Canadian History and Environment">Network in Canadian History and Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robarts_Research_Institute" title="Robarts Research Institute">Robarts Research Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Western_Ontario_people" title="List of University of Western Ontario people">List of University of Western Ontario people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_King%27s_University_College_people" title="List of King's University College people">List of King's University College people</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#512888;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #63666A, inset -2px -2px 0 #63666A;"><div> <ul><li>Founded: 1878</li> <li>Students: 30,235</li> <li>Endowment: C$746.5 million</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London,_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:London,_Ontario" title="Template:London, Ontario"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:London,_Ontario" title="Template talk:London, Ontario"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:London,_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Template:London, Ontario"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="London,_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London, Ontario</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_City_Council" title="London City Council">City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_London,_Ontario" title="List of mayors of London, Ontario">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_London,_Ontario_municipal_election" title="2022 London, Ontario municipal election">2022 municipal election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_(Canada)" title="Electoral district (Canada)">Federal/provincial electoral ridings</a> <ul><li>London North Centre <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_North_Centre_(federal_electoral_district)" title="London North Centre (federal electoral district)">F</a>/<a href="/wiki/London_North_Centre_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="London North Centre (provincial electoral district)">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>London—Fanshawe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London%E2%80%94Fanshawe_(federal_electoral_district)" title="London—Fanshawe (federal electoral district)">F</a>/<a href="/wiki/London%E2%80%94Fanshawe_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="London—Fanshawe (provincial electoral district)">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>London West <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_West_(federal_electoral_district)" title="London West (federal electoral district)">F</a>/<a href="/wiki/London_West_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="London West (provincial electoral district)">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>Elgin—Middlesex—London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elgin%E2%80%94Middlesex%E2%80%94London_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Elgin—Middlesex—London (federal electoral district)">F</a>/<a href="/wiki/Elgin%E2%80%94Middlesex%E2%80%94London_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="Elgin—Middlesex—London (provincial electoral district)">P</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_London,_Ontario" title="List of roads in London, Ontario">Municipal roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_401" title="Ontario Highway 401">Highway 401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Street_Bridge" title="Blackfriars Street Bridge">Blackfriars Street Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Transit" title="London Transit">London Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_International_Airport" title="London International Airport">London International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_station_(Ontario)" title="London station (Ontario)">London Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Transit_(London,_Ontario)" title="Rapid Transit (London, Ontario)">BRT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byron,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Byron, Ontario">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_Heights,_London,_Ontario" title="Huron Heights, London, Ontario">Huron Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth,_London,_Ontario" title="Lambeth, London, Ontario">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakridge_Acres" title="Oakridge Acres">Oakridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempo,_Ontario" title="Tempo, Ontario">Tempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uplands,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Uplands, Ontario">Uplands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster,_Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Westminster, Middlesex County, Ontario">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmount,_London,_Ontario" title="Westmount, London, Ontario">Westmount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wortley_Village,_London,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Wortley Village, London, Ontario">Wortley Village</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Primary/secondary" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Primary_education" title="Primary education">Primary</a>/<a href="/wiki/Secondary_education" title="Secondary education">secondary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thames_Valley_District_School_Board" title="Thames Valley District School Board">London District School Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_District_Catholic_School_Board" title="London District Catholic School Board">Catholic District School Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_London,_Ontario" title="List of schools in London, Ontario">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_Viamonde" title="Conseil scolaire Viamonde">Conseil scolaire Viamonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._B._Beal_Secondary_School" title="H. B. Beal Secondary School">H.B. Beal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Central_High_School_(London,_Ontario)" title="Catholic Central High School (London, Ontario)">C.C.H.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Central_Secondary_School" title="London Central Secondary School">London Central</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Libraries" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">Libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Public_Library" title="London Public Library">London Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._B._Weldon_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="D. B. Weldon Library">D. B. Weldon Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Post-secondary" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">Post-secondary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fanshawe_College" title="Fanshawe College">Fanshawe College‎</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Western Ontario‎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brescia_University_College" title="Brescia University College">Brescia University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="King's University College (University of Western Ontario)">King's University College</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Institute_of_Audio_Recording_Technology" title="Ontario Institute of Audio Recording Technology">Ontario Institute of Audio Recording Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westervelt_College" title="Westervelt College">Westervelt College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Athletics" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_(physical_culture)" title="Athletics (physical culture)">Athletics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_City_Soccer_Club" title="London City Soccer Club">London City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Majors" title="London Majors">London Majors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Knights" title="London Knights">London Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Nationals" title="London Nationals">London Nationals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Lightning" title="London Lightning">London Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Mustangs" title="Western Mustangs">Western Mustangs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Recreation" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">Recreation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boler_Mountain" title="Boler Mountain">Boler Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_City_Velodrome" title="Forest City Velodrome">Forest City Velodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Life_Place" title="Canada Life Place">Canada Life Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labatt_Memorial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Labatt Memorial Park">Labatt Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Ice_House" title="London Ice House">London Ice House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Aldridge_Field" title="Norm Aldridge Field">Norm Aldridge Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="TD Stadium">TD Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Shopping" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shopping" title="Shopping">Shopping</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CF_Masonville_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="CF Masonville Place">CF Masonville Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmount_Mall" title="Westmount Mall">Westmount Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Oaks_Mall_(London,_Ontario)" title="White Oaks Mall (London, Ontario)">White Oaks Mall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="People" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_London,_Ontario" title="List of people from London, Ontario">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Graves_Simcoe" title="John Graves Simcoe">John Graves Simcoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Robarts" title="John Robarts">John Robarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Peterson" title="David Peterson">David Peterson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="National_Historic_Sites" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada" title="National Historic Sites of Canada">National Historic Sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banting_House" title="Banting House">Banting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County_Court_House_(London,_Ontario)" title="Middlesex County Court House (London, Ontario)">Middlesex County Court House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_London" title="CFB London">Wolseley Barracks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Buildings" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Buildings" class="mw-redirect" title="Buildings">Buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Hall_(London,_Ontario)" title="Aeolian Hall (London, Ontario)">Aeolian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Centre_Towers" title="City Centre Towers">City Centre Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_Barracks" title="Crystal Palace Barracks">Crystal Palace Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldon_House" title="Eldon House">Eldon House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_London" title="Museum London">Museum London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Ontario_Archaeology" title="Museum of Ontario Archaeology">Museum of Ontario Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_London_Place" title="One London Place">One London Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Cathedral_(London,_Ontario)" title="St. Paul's Cathedral (London, Ontario)">St. Paul's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Cathedral_Basilica,_London,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Cathedral Basilica, London, Ontario">St. Peter's Cathedral Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Theatre_(London,_Ontario)" title="Grand Theatre (London, Ontario)">Grand Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Labatt">Labatt Brewing Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Festivals" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_County_Folk_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Home County Folk Festival">Home County Folk Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_International_Hot_Air_Balloon_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="London International Hot Air Balloon Festival">London Balloon Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Fringe_Theatre_Festival_(Ontario)" title="London Fringe Theatre Festival (Ontario)">London Fringe Theatre Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_the_Park" title="Rock the Park">Hawk Rocks the Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunfest_(London,_Ontario)" title="Sunfest (London, Ontario)">Sunfest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Fair" title="Western Fair">Western Fair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Parks" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parks" class="mw-redirect" title="Parks">Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springbank_Park" title="Springbank Park">Springbank Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park,_London,_Ontario" title="Victoria Park, London, Ontario">Victoria Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBCL-FM" title="CBCL-FM">CBCL-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFPL_(AM)" title="CFPL (AM)">CFPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFPL-FM" title="CFPL-FM">CFPL-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHJX-FM" title="CHJX-FM">CHJX-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHRW-FM" title="CHRW-FM">CHRW-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHST-FM" title="CHST-FM">CHST-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIQM-FM" title="CIQM-FM">CIQM-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIXX-FM" title="CIXX-FM">CIXX-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKLO-FM" title="CKLO-FM">CKLO-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJBK" title="CJBK">CJBK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJBX-FM" title="CJBX-FM">CJBX-FM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CFPL-DT" title="CFPL-DT">CFPL-DT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Print</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Free_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="London Free Press">London Free Press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">List of municipalities in Ontario</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U15_universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:U15" title="Template:U15"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:U15" title="Template talk:U15"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:U15" title="Special:EditPage/Template:U15"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U15_universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U15_Group_of_Canadian_Research_Universities" title="U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities">U15 universities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calgary" title="University of Calgary">Calgary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_University" title="Dalhousie University">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Laval" title="Université Laval">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMaster_University" title="McMaster University">McMaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Université de Montréal">Montréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ottawa" title="University of Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Saskatchewan" title="University of Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post-secondary_education_in_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Post-secondary_institutions_in_Ontario" title="Template:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Post-secondary_institutions_in_Ontario" title="Template talk:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Post-secondary_institutions_in_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Post-secondary_education_in_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_in_Ontario" title="Higher education in Ontario">Post-secondary education in Ontario</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Degree-granting_institutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Ontario">Degree-granting institutions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public universities<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/eng/postsecondary/schoolsprograms/university/">[1]</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algoma_University" title="Algoma University">Algoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brock_University" title="Brock University">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_University" title="Carleton University">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Guelph" title="University of Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Hearst" title="Université de Hearst">Hearst</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakehead_University" title="Lakehead University">Lakehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentian_University" title="Laurentian University">Laurentian/Laurentienne</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University" title="Wilfrid Laurier University">Laurier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMaster_University" title="McMaster University">McMaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipissing_University" title="Nipissing University">Nipissing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ontario_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ontario School of Medicine">NOSM</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OCAD_University" title="OCAD University">OCAD U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ontario_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Ontario Institute of Technology">Ontario Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ottawa" title="University of Ottawa">Ottawa</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_of_Canada" title="Royal Military College of Canada">RMC/CMR</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sudbury" title="University of Sudbury">Sudbury</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Metropolitan_University" title="Toronto Metropolitan University">TMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_University" title="Trent University">Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_l%27Ontario_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Université de l'Ontario français">UOF</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_University" title="York University">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private universities<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/pepg/programs/degreeauthority/priv_deg.html">[2]</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Christian_College" title="Canada Christian College">Canada Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Bible_College" title="Emmanuel Bible College">Emmanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FaithWay_Baptist_College_of_Canada" title="FaithWay Baptist College of Canada">FaithWay Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Bible_College" title="Great Lakes Bible College">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_College_%26_Seminary" title="Heritage College & Seminary">Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_University_(Canada)" title="Huntington University (Canada)">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Advanced_Judaic_Studies" title="Institute for Advanced Judaic Studies">Institute for Advanced Judaic Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Christian_Studies" title="Institute for Christian Studies">Institute for Christian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master%27s_College_and_Seminary" title="Master's College and Seminary">Master's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_Seat_of_Wisdom_College_(Canada)" title="Our Lady Seat of Wisdom College (Canada)">Our Lady Seat of Wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemer_University_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Redeemer University College">Redeemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Philip%27s_Seminary" title="St. Philip's Seminary">St. Philip's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talpiot_College_(Toronto)" title="Talpiot College (Toronto)">Talpiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorneloe_University" title="Thorneloe University">Thorneloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Baptist_Seminary_and_Bible_College" title="Toronto Baptist Seminary and Bible College">Toronto Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_University" title="Tyndale University">Tyndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Ner_Yisroel_of_Toronto" title="Yeshivas Ner Yisroel of Toronto">Yeshivas Ner Yisroel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#e6e6ff;padding:1px;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Public universities grant degrees under the authority of an <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Ontario" title="Legislative Assembly of Ontario">Act of the Legislative Assembly</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">Royal Charter</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/pepg/programs/degreeauthority/legislation.html">[3]</a> Private universities grant degrees under the authority of an Act of the Legislative Assembly or may provide individual degree programs with the consent of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Training,_Colleges_and_Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities">Minister of Training, Colleges and Universities</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/pepg/programs/degreeauthority/consent.html">[4]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Degree programs offered under Ministerial Consent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Adler Toronto</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_College_of_Naturopathic_Medicine" title="Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine">CCNM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Memorial_Chiropractic_College" title="Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College">CMCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Glenn_Gould_School" title="The Glenn Gould School">Glenn Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCC_Institute_of_Technology" title="RCC Institute of Technology">RCC/Yorkville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_colleges_in_Ontario" title="University colleges in Ontario">Affiliated/federated schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_University_(Windsor,_Ontario)" title="Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brescia_University_College" title="Brescia University College">Brescia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_College_(Windsor,_Ontario)" title="Canterbury College (Windsor, Ontario)">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Lutheran_Theological_Seminary" title="Concordia Lutheran Theological Seminary">Concordia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Grebel_University_College" title="Conrad Grebel University College">Conrad Grebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_University_College" title="Dominican University College">Dominican/Dominicain</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendon_College" title="Glendon College">Glendon</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_University_College" title="Huron University College">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iona_College_(Windsor,_Ontario)" title="Iona College (Windsor, Ontario)">Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_University_College_(University_of_Western_Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="King's University College (University of Western Ontario)">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_University_College" title="Martin Luther University College">Martin Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Agricultural_College" title="Ontario Agricultural College">OAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renison_University_College" title="Renison University College">Renison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_University" title="Saint Paul University">Saint Paul</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jerome%27s_University" title="St. Jerome's University">St. Jerome's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_College,_Waterloo" title="United College, Waterloo">United</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>‡French-language institution; *bilingual institution (English/French).<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/french-language-colleges-and-universities">[5]</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Colleges" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_in_Ontario" title="List of colleges in Ontario">Colleges</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges of applied arts and technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algonquin_College" title="Algonquin College">Algonquin</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_Bor%C3%A9al" title="Collège Boréal">Boréal</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambrian_College" title="Cambrian College">Cambrian</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadore_College" title="Canadore College">Canadore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_College_(Canada)" title="Centennial College (Canada)">Centennial</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_College" title="Confederation College">Confederation</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_College" title="Durham College">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanshawe_College" title="Fanshawe College">Fanshawe</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleming_College" title="Fleming College">Fleming</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown_College" title="George Brown College">George Brown</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_College" title="Georgian College">Georgian</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cit%C3%A9_coll%C3%A9giale" class="mw-redirect" title="La Cité collégiale">La Cité</a>†‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambton_College" title="Lambton College">Lambton</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_College" title="Loyalist College">Loyalist</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_College" title="Mohawk College">Mohawk</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_College" title="Niagara College">Niagara</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_College_(Ontario)" title="Northern College (Ontario)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_College" title="St. Clair College">St. Clair</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_College,_Ontario" title="St. Lawrence College, Ontario">St. Lawrence</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sault_College" title="Sault College">Sault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_Polytechnic" title="Seneca Polytechnic">Seneca</a>†</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutes of technology and advanced learning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conestoga_College" title="Conestoga College">Conestoga</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Polytechnic" title="Humber Polytechnic">Humber</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan</a>†</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_des_Grands-Lacs" title="Collège des Grands-Lacs">Grands-Lacs</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>†Degree programs offered ‡French-language institution<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/french-language-colleges-and-universities">[5]</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_recognized_institutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other recognized institutions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialist institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Michener_Institute" title="The Michener Institute">Michener Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Aboriginal_institutes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Aboriginal institutes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anishinabek_Education_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Anishinabek Education Institute">Anishinabek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FNTI" title="FNTI">FNTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenjgewin_Teg_Educational_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenjgewin Teg Educational Institute">Kenjgewin Teg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iohahi:io_Akwesasne_Adult_Education_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Iohahi:io Akwesasne Adult Education Centre">Iohahi:io Akwesasne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negahneewin_College" title="Negahneewin College">Negahneewin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogwehoweh_Skills_and_Trades_Training_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogwehoweh Skills and Trades Training Centre (page does not exist)">Ogwehoweh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oshki-Pimache-O-Win_Education_%26_Training_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oshki-Pimache-O-Win Education & Training Institute (page does not exist)">Oshki-Pimache-O-Win</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Generations_Education_Institute" title="Seven Generations Education Institute">Seven Generations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shingwauk_Kinoomaage_Gamig" title="Shingwauk Kinoomaage Gamig">Shingwauk Kinoomaage Gamig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Nations_Polytechnic" title="Six Nations Polytechnic">Six Nations Polytechnic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_Canada" title="Template:Universities in Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_Canada" title="Template talk:Universities in Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Canada" title="List of universities in Canada">Universities in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alberta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_University_of_the_Arts" title="Alberta University of the Arts">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athabasca_University" title="Athabasca University">Athabasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calgary" title="University of Calgary">Calgary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_of_Edmonton" title="Concordia University of Edmonton">Concordia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lethbridge" title="University of Lethbridge">Lethbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacEwan_University" title="MacEwan University">MacEwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Royal_University" title="Mount Royal University">Mount Royal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Columbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Canada_West" title="University Canada West">Canada West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capilano_University" title="Capilano University">Capilano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Carr_University_of_Art_and_Design" title="Emily Carr University of Art and Design">Emily Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Fraser_Valley" title="University of the Fraser Valley">Fraser Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwantlen_Polytechnic_University" title="Kwantlen Polytechnic University">Kwantlen Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northern_British_Columbia" title="University of Northern British Columbia">Northern British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Roads_University" title="Royal Roads University">Royal Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_University" title="Simon Fraser University">Simon Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Rivers_University" title="Thompson Rivers University">Thompson Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Western_University" title="Trinity Western University">Trinity Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University" title="Vancouver Island University">Vancouver Island </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Victoria" title="University of Victoria">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manitoba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_University" title="Brandon University">Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Mennonite_University" title="Canadian Mennonite University">Canadian Mennonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Saint-Boniface" title="Université de Saint-Boniface">Saint-Boniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winnipeg" title="University of Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newfoundland and Labrador</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_University_of_Newfoundland" title="Memorial University of Newfoundland">Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Brunswick</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crandall_University" title="Crandall University">Crandall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Fredericton" title="University of Fredericton">Fredericton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Moncton" title="Université de Moncton">Moncton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Allison_University" title="Mount Allison University">Mount Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Brunswick" title="University of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_University" title="St. Stephen's University">St. Stephen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_University_(Canada)" title="St. Thomas University (Canada)">St. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville_University" title="Yorkville University">Yorkville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nova Scotia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia_University" title="Acadia University">Acadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_School_of_Theology" title="Atlantic School of Theology">AST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_University" title="Cape Breton University">Cape Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_University" title="Dalhousie University">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_King%27s_College" title="University of King's College">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Saint_Vincent_University" title="Mount Saint Vincent University">Mount Saint Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSCAD_University" title="NSCAD University">NSCAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_Xavier_University" title="St. Francis Xavier University">Saint Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Mary%27s_University_(Halifax)" title="Saint Mary's University (Halifax)">Saint Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Sainte-Anne" title="Université Sainte-Anne">Sainte-Anne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ontario</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algoma_University" title="Algoma University">Algoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brock_University" title="Brock University">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_University" title="Carleton University">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Guelph" title="University of Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Hearst" title="Université de Hearst">Hearst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakehead_University" title="Lakehead University">Lakehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentian_University" title="Laurentian University">Laurentian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University" title="Wilfrid Laurier University">Laurier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMaster_University" title="McMaster University">McMaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipissing_University" title="Nipissing University">Nipissing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ontario_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ontario School of Medicine">NOSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OCAD_University" title="OCAD University">OCAD U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ontario_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Ontario Institute of Technology">Ontario Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ottawa" title="University of Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_of_Canada" title="Royal Military College of Canada">RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sudbury" title="University of Sudbury">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Metropolitan_University" title="Toronto Metropolitan University">TMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_University" title="Trent University">Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_l%27Ontario_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Université de l'Ontario français">UOF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_University" title="York University">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prince Edward Island</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="University of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quebec</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_University" title="Bishop's University">Bishop's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_University" title="Concordia University">Concordia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEC_Montr%C3%A9al" title="HEC Montréal">HEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Laval" title="Université Laval">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_de_Montr%C3%A9al" class="mw-redirect" title="École Polytechnique de Montréal">Polytechnique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Université de Montréal">Montréal (UdeM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Sherbrooke" title="Université de Sherbrooke">Sherbrooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Université du Québec">Université du Québec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_en_Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue" title="Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue">Abitibi-Témiscamingue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_%C3%A0_Chicoutimi" title="Université du Québec à Chicoutimi">Chicoutimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_%C3%A0_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Université du Québec à Montréal">Montréal (UQAM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_en_Outaouais" title="Université du Québec en Outaouais">Outaouais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_%C3%A0_Rimouski" title="Université du Québec à Rimouski">Rimouski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_%C3%A0_Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27administration_publique" title="École nationale d'administration publique">ENAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_technologie_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="École de technologie supérieure">ÉTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_la_recherche_scientifique" title="Institut national de la recherche scientifique">INRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_T%C3%89LUQ" title="Université TÉLUQ">TÉLUQ</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saskatchewan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Saskatchewan" title="University of Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Regina" title="University of Regina">Regina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Nations_University_of_Canada" title="First Nations University of Canada">First Nations University of Canada</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yukon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_University" title="Yukon University">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/536073/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/3521-X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79096846">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120740376">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120740376">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35707250">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003184583&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" 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