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longus</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fibularis longus"> <meta name="keywords" content="fibularis longus"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fibularis longus"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 13</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fibularis longus</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> The Biomechanical Consequences of Pes Planus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariette%20Swanepoel">Mariette Swanepoel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terry%20Ellapen"> Terry Ellapen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henriette%20Hammil"> Henriette Hammil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juandre%20Williams"> Juandre Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20Qumbu"> Timothy Qumbu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The biomechanical consequence of pes planus is a topic seldom reviewed in regards to energy expenditure and predisposition to injury. However its comprehension in the field of foot rehabilitation, pre-and post-surgery is fundamental to successful patient management. This short communication unites the present literature to provide the reader with better insight on the consequence of pes planus, foot mechanics and its predisposition to injury at the foot and tibiofemoral joint. Further, the consideration of synergistic dominance of the foot invertors to compensate for the ineffective torque production of the fibularis longus due pes planus is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pes%20planus" title="pes planus">pes planus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibularis%20longus" title=" fibularis longus"> fibularis longus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergistic%20dominance" title=" synergistic dominance"> synergistic dominance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injury" title=" injury"> injury</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55070/the-biomechanical-consequences-of-pes-planus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Evaluation of the Predatory Mites' Manner against Root-Knot Nematode Using Water Agar Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrady%20K.%20Nasr">Abdelrady K. Nasr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzat%20M.%20A.%20Noweer"> Ezzat M. A. Noweer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20Ramadan"> Mahmoud M. Ramadan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and White (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae), is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes attacking large numbers of vegetable and fruit plants in Egypt. Moreover, the soil predatory mites (Protogamasellopsisdenticus (Nasr), Gaeolaelaps longus (Hafez, El-Badry and Nasr) and Cosmolaelapskeni(Hafez, El-Badry and Nasr) are one of the excellent agents for biocontrol, this study was designed to evaluate the predation of the root-knot nematode (M. incognita) using water agar technique. The water agar medium was used as an experimental medium to rear both the mentioned mites and egg masses; these media allowed observe the development and predacious manner. The present study revealed that the predatory mites successfully developed and reproduced their egg masses. The mean life cycle of the tested mites P. denticus, G. longus, and C.keni were 10.33, 12.00, and 9.77 days, respectively. The mean total life span of the female of P. denticus, G. longus, and C. keni on egg-mases of M. incognita were obtained 63.44, 77.55 and 70.11 days, respectively, and the mean total fecundity of predatory mites, P. denticus, G.longus, and C. keni on egg-mases nematode were observed 62.66, 31.61 and 11.83 eggs, respectively. The mean total number of eggs laid by female P. denticus was significantly higher than other predatory mites, G. longus and C. keni. According to the obtained results, the tested predacious mites can be applied to combat the spreading of M. incognita in the agriculture field as a safe and effective biological control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20control" title="biological control">biological control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant-parasitic%20nematodes" title=" plant-parasitic nematodes"> plant-parasitic nematodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predaceous%20mites" title=" predaceous mites"> predaceous mites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20agar" title=" water agar"> water agar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174142/evaluation-of-the-predatory-mites-manner-against-root-knot-nematode-using-water-agar-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> A Hyperflexion Hallux Mallet Injury: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20G.%20K.%20Y.">Tan G. K. Y.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chew%20M.%20S.%20J."> Chew M. S. J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajeev%20S."> Sajeev S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vellasamy%20A."> Vellasamy A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Injuries of the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon are a rare phenomenon, with most occurring due to lacerations or penetrating injuries. Closed traumatic ruptures of the EHL are described as “Mallet injuries of the toe”. These can be classified as bony or soft mallet injuries depending on the presence or absence of a fracture at the insertion site of the EHL tendon in the distal phalanx. We present a case of a 33-year-old woman who presented with a hyperflexion injury to the left big toe with an inability to extend the big toe. Ultrasound showed a complete rupture of the EHL tendon with retraction proximal to the hallucal interphalangeal joint of the big toe. The patient was treated through transarticular pinning and repair using the Arthrex Mini Bio-Suture Tak with a 2-0 fibre wire. Six months postoperatively, the patient had symmetrical EHL power and full range of motion of the toe. The lessons to be drawn from this case report are that isolated hallux mallet injuries are rare and can be easily missed in the absence of penetrating wounds. Patients who have such injuries should be investigated early with the appropriate imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or MRI, and treated surgically. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hallux%20mallet" title="hallux mallet">hallux mallet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extensor%20hallucis%20longus%20tendon" title=" extensor hallucis longus tendon"> extensor hallucis longus tendon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extensor%20hallucis%20longus" title=" extensor hallucis longus"> extensor hallucis longus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174228/a-hyperflexion-hallux-mallet-injury-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Force Distribution and Muscles Activation for Ankle Instability Patients with Rigid and Kinesiotape while Standing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazlin%20Mohamad">Norazlin Mohamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiful%20Adli%20Bukry"> Saiful Adli Bukry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarina%20Zahari"> Zarina Zahari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haidzir%20Manaf"> Haidzir Manaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanafi%20Sawalludin"> Hanafi Sawalludin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Deficit in neuromuscular recruitment and decrease force distribution were the common problems among ankle instability patients due to altered joint kinematics that lead to recurrent ankle injuries. Rigid Tape and KT Tape had widely been used as therapeutic and performance enhancement tools in ankle stability. However the difference effect between this two tapes is still controversial. Objective: To investigate the different effect between Rigid Tape and KT Tape on force distribution and muscle activation among ankle instability patients while standing. Study design: Crossover trial. Participants: 27 patients, age between 18 to 30 years old participated in this study. All the subjects were applied with KT Tape & Rigid Tape on their affected ankle with 3 days of interval for each intervention. The subjects were tested with their barefoot (without tape) first to act as a baseline before proceeding with KT Tape, and then with Rigid Tape. Result: There were no significant difference on force distribution at forefoot and back-foot for both tapes while standing. However the mean data shows that Rigid Tape has the highest force distribution at back-foot rather than forefoot when compared with KT Tape that had more force distribution at forefoot while standing. Regarding muscle activation (Peroneus Longus), results showed significant difference between Rigid Tape and KT Tape (p= 0.048). However, there was no significant difference on Tibialis Anterior muscle activation between both tapes while standing. Conclusion: The results indicated that Peroneus longus muscle was more active when applied Rigid Tape rather than KT Tape in ankle instability patients while standing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20instability" title="ankle instability">ankle instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic" title=" kinematic"> kinematic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20activation" title=" muscle activation"> muscle activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20distribution" title=" force distribution"> force distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rigid%20Tape" title=" Rigid Tape"> Rigid Tape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KT%20tape" title=" KT tape"> KT tape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11715/force-distribution-and-muscles-activation-for-ankle-instability-patients-with-rigid-and-kinesiotape-while-standing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Effect of Foot Posture and Fatigue on Static Balance and Electromyographic Activity of Selected Lower Limb Muscles in School Children Aged 12 to 14 Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riza%20Adriyani">Riza Adriyani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Apriantono"> Tommy Apriantono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suprijanto"> Suprijanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Several studies have revealed that flatfoot posture has some effect on altered lower limb muscle function, in comparison to normal foot posture. There were still limited studies to examine the effect of fatigue on flatfoot posture in children. Therefore, this study was aimed to find out jumping fatiguing effect on static balance and to compare lower limb muscle function between flatfoot and normal foot in school children. Methods: Thirty junior high school children aged 12 to 14 years took part in this study. Of these all children, 15 had the normal foot (8 males and 7 females) and 15 had flatfoot (6 males and 9 females). Foot posture was classified based on an arch index of the footprint by a foot scanner which calculated the data using AUTOCAD 2013 software. Surface electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, and peroneus longus muscles while those participants were standing on one leg barefoot with opened eyes. All participants completed the entire protocol (pre-fatigue data collection, fatigue protocol, and post fatigue data collection) in a single session. Static balance and electromyographic data were collected before and after a functional fatigue protocol. Results: School children with normal foot had arch index 0.25±0.01 whereas those with flatfoot had 0.36±0.01. In fact, there were no significant differences for anthropometric characteristics between children with flatfoot and normal foot. This statistical analysis showed that fatigue could influence static balance in flatfoot school children (p < 0.05), but not in normal foot school children. Based on electromyographic data, the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) of the decreased median frequency on tibialis anterior in flatfoot compared to normal foot school children after fatigue. However, there were no significant differences on the median frequency of gastrocnemius medialis and peroneus longus between both groups. After fatigue, median frequency timing was significantly different (p < 0.05) on tibialis anterior in flatfoot compared to normal foot children and tended to appear earlier on tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis and peroneus longus (at 7s, 8s, 9s) in flatfoot compared to normal foot (at 15s, 11s , 12s). Conclusion: Fatigue influenced static balance and tended to appear earlier on selected lower limb muscles while performing static balance in flatfoot school children. After fatigue, tremor (median frequency decreased) showed more significant differences on tibialis anterior in flatfoot rather than in normal foot school children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title="fatigue">fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot%20postures" title=" foot postures"> foot postures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=median%20frequency" title=" median frequency"> median frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20balance" title=" static balance"> static balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28394/effect-of-foot-posture-and-fatigue-on-static-balance-and-electromyographic-activity-of-selected-lower-limb-muscles-in-school-children-aged-12-to-14-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Treatment with RRx-001, a Minimally Toxic NLRP3 Inhibitor in Phase 3 Clinical Trials, Improves Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Untrained Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Cabrales">Pedro Cabrales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scott%20Caroen"> Scott Caroen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tony%20R.%20Reid"> Tony R. Reid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bryan%20Oronsky"> Bryan Oronsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction and Purpose RRx-001 is an NLRP3 inhibitor and Nrf2 agonist in Phase 3 trials for the treatment of cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine whether treatment with RRx-001, given itsanti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, improvedexercise and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in mice on the generalpremiss that better health outcomes correlatewith more activity. Material and Methods Male and female adult mice (n=6 per group) were subjected to an endurance exercise capacity (EEC)test until exhaustion on a motorized treadmill after 3 once weekly doses of either RRx-001 5 mg/kg, RRx-001 2 mg/kg, or vehicle. The EEC protocol consisted of a treadmill velocity of 30meters per min at an uphill inclination (slope of 10%) until the mice reached fatigue, which was defined as the inability of the mice to maintain the appropriate pace despitecontinuous hand stimulation for 1 min. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and creatine kinase (CK), an indicator of muscle damage, in the blood samples collected immediately after the acute exercise was determined with a commercial ELISA assay kit. ResultsThe exhaustive exercise times of the RRx-001 groups were significantly longer than that of the vehicle group (p<0.05) by weeks 2 and 3. In addition, MDA levels in the gastrocnemius, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles were significantly lower than those of the vehicle group were (p<0.05), as were the serum CK levels(p<0.05). ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study found that RRx-001 has anti-fatigue properties, as evidenced by an increase in exercise capacity with RRx-001 treatment, and protects against strenuous exercise-induced muscle damage and lipid peroxidation. This data potentially supports the use of RRx-001 in the clinic to improve exercise performance and reduce physical fatigue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RRx-001" title="RRx-001">RRx-001</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-fatigue" title=" anti-fatigue"> anti-fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20protection" title=" muscle protection"> muscle protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=increased%20exercise%20tolerance" title=" increased exercise tolerance"> increased exercise tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149331/treatment-with-rrx-001-a-minimally-toxic-nlrp3-inhibitor-in-phase-3-clinical-trials-improves-exercise-and-skeletal-muscle-oxidative-capacity-in-untrained-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Muscle Neurotrophins Family Response to Resistance Exercise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasoul%20Eslami">Rasoul Eslami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Gharakhanlou"> Reza Gharakhanlou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NT-4/5 and TrkB have been proposed to be involved in the coordinated adaptations of the neuromuscular system to elevated level of activity. Despite the persistence of this neurotrophin and its receptor expression in adult skeletal muscle, little attention has been paid to the functional significance of this complex in the mature neuromuscular system. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to study the effect of one session of resistance exercise on mRNA expression of NT4/5 and TrkB proteins in slow and fast muscles of Wistar Rats. Male Wistar rats (10 mo of age, preparation of Pasteur Institute) were housed under similar living conditions in cages (in groups of four) at room temperature under a controlled light/dark (12-h) cycle with ad libitum access to food and water. A number of sixteen rats were randomly divided to two groups (resistance exercise (T) and control (C); n=8 for each group). The resistance training protocol consisted of climbing a 1-meter–long ladder, with a weight attached to a tail sleeve. Twenty-four hours following the main training session, rats of T and C groups were anaesthetized and the right soleus and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscles were removed under sterile conditions via an incision on the dorsolateral aspect of the hind limb. For NT-4/5 and TrkB expression, quantitative real time RT-PCR was used. SPSS software and independent-samples t-test were used for data analysis. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Data indicate that resistance training significantly (P<0.05) decreased mRNA expression of NT4/5 in soleus muscle. However, no significant alteration was detected in FHL muscle (P>0.05). Our results also indicate that no significant alterations were detected for TrkB mRNA expression in soleus and FHL muscles (P>0.05). Decrease in mRNA expression of NT4/5 in soleus muscle may be as result of post-translation regulation following resistance training. Also, non-alteration in TrkB mRNA expression was indicated in probable roll of P75 receptor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurotrophin-4%2F5%20%28NT-4%2F5%29" title="neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5)">neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TrkB%20receptor" title=" TrkB receptor"> TrkB receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20training" title=" resistance training"> resistance training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20and%20fast%20muscles" title=" slow and fast muscles"> slow and fast muscles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10884/muscle-neurotrophins-family-response-to-resistance-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Reconstruction of Complex Post Oncologic Maxillectomy Defects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Kant%20Shankhdhar">Vinay Kant Shankhdhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Maxillary defects are three dimensional and require complex bone and soft tissue reconstruction. Maxillary reconstruction using fibula osteocutaneous flaps in situation requiring orbital floor, orbital wall, palatal defects, and external skin, all at the same time require special planning and multiple osteotomies. We tried to improvise our reconstruction using multiple osteotomies and skin paddle designs for fibula and Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle. This study aims at discussing the planning and outcome in complex maxillary reconstructions using fibula flaps and soft tissue flaps with or without bone grafts. Material and Methods: From 2011 to 2017 a total of 129 Free fibula flaps were done, 67 required two or more struts, 164 Anterolateral Thigh Flaps, 11 Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery perforator flaps and 3 vertical rectus abdominis muscle flaps with iliac crest bone graft. The age range was 2 to 70 years. The reconstruction was evaluated based on the post-operative rehabilitation including orbital support (prevention of diplopia), oral diet, speech and cosmetic appearance. Results: The follow- up is from 5 years to 1 year. In this series, we observed that the common complications were the de-vascularisation of most distal segment of osteotomised fibula and native skin necrosis. Commonest area of breakdown is the medial canthal region. Plate exposure occurs most commonly at the pyriform sinus. There was extrusion of one non-vascularized bone graft. All these complications were noticed post-radiotherapy. Conclusions: The use of free fibula osteocutaneous flap gives very good results when only alveolar reconstruction is required. The reconstruction of orbital floor with extensive skin loss with post operative radiotherapy has maximum complication rate in long term follow up. A soft tissue flap with non vascularized bone graft may be the best option in such cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxilla%20reconstruction" title="maxilla reconstruction">maxilla reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibula%20maxilla" title=" fibula maxilla"> fibula maxilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20cancer%20maxillary%20reconstruction" title=" post cancer maxillary reconstruction"> post cancer maxillary reconstruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110980/reconstruction-of-complex-post-oncologic-maxillectomy-defects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Sulforaphane Alleviates Muscular Dystrophy in Mdx Mice by Activation of Nrf2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengcao%20Sun">Chengcao Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cuili%20Yang"> Cuili Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shujun%20Li"> Shujun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruilin%20Xue"> Ruilin Xue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Wang"> Liang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongyong%20Xi"> Yongyong Xi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dejia%20Li"> Dejia Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Backgrounds: Sulforaphane, one of the most important isothiocyanates in the human diet, is known to have chemopreventive and antioxidant activities in different tissues via activation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated induction of antioxidant/phase II enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). However, its effects on muscular dystrophy remain unknown. This work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of Sulforaphane on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods: 4-week-old mdx mice were treated with SFN by gavage (2 mg/kg body weight per day) for 8 weeks. Blood was collected from eye socket every week, and tibial anterior, extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, triceps brachii muscles and heart samples were collected after 8-week gavage. Force measurements and mice exercise capacity assays were detected. GSH/GSSG ratio, TBARS, CK and LDH levels were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. H&E staining was used to analyze histological and morphometric of skeletal muscles of mdx mice, and Evas blue dye staining was made to detect sarcolemmal integrity of mdx mice. Further, the role of Sulforaphane on Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway was analyzed by ELISA, western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: Our results demonstrated that SFN treatment increased the expression and activity of muscle phase II enzymes NQO1 and HO-1 with Nrf2 dependent manner. SFN significantly increased skeletal muscle mass, muscle force (~30%), running distance (~20%) and GSH/GSSG ratio (~3.2 folds) of mdx mice, and decreased the activities of plasma creatine phosphokinase (CK) (~45%) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (~40%), gastrocnemius hypertrophy (~25%), myocardial hypertrophy (~20%) and MDA levels (~60%). Further, SFN treatment also reduced the central nucleation (~40%), fiber size variability, inflammation and improved the sarcolemmal integrity of mdx mice. Conclusions: Collectively, these results show that SFN can improve muscle function, pathology and protect dystrophic muscle from oxidative damage in mdx mice through Nrf2 signaling pathway, which indicate Nrf2 may have clinical implications for the treatment of patients with muscular dystrophy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulforaphane" title="sulforaphane">sulforaphane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duchenne%20muscular%20dystrophy" title=" duchenne muscular dystrophy"> duchenne muscular dystrophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nrf2" title=" Nrf2"> Nrf2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19659/sulforaphane-alleviates-muscular-dystrophy-in-mdx-mice-by-activation-of-nrf2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Puereria mirifica Replacement Improves Skeletal Muscle Performance Associated with Increasing Parvalbumin Levels in Ovariectomized Rat </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uraporn%20Vongvatcharanon">Uraporn Vongvatcharanon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kochakorn%20Sukjan"> Kochakorn Sukjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wandee%20Udomuksorn"> Wandee Udomuksorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekkasit%20%20Kumarnsit"> Ekkasit Kumarnsit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surapong%20Vongvatcharanon"> Surapong Vongvatcharanon </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass, and strength frequently found in menopause. Estrogen replacement has been shown to improve such a loss of muscle functions. However, there is an increased risk of cancer that has to be considered because of the estrogen replacement therapy. Thus, phytoestrogen supplementation has been suggested as an alternative therapy. Pueraria mirifica (PM) is a plant in the family Leguminosae, that is known to be phytoestrogen-rich and has been traditionally used for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. It contains isoflavones and other compounds such as miroestrol and its derivatives. Parvalbumin (PV) is a calcium binding protein and functions as a relaxing factor in fast twitch muscle fibers. A decrease of the PV level results in a reduction of the speed of the twitch relaxation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an ethanolic extract from Pueraria mirifica on the estrogen levels, skeletal muscle functions and PV levels in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and gastrocnemius of ovariectomized rats. Twelve-week old female Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into 6 groups: SHAM (un-ovariectomized rats, that received double distilled water), PM-0 (ovariectomized rats, OVX, receiving double distilled water), E (OVX, receiving an estradiol benzoate dose of 0.04 mg/kg), PM-50 (OVX receiving PM 50 mg/kg), PM-500 (OVX receiving PM 500 mg/kg), PM-1000 (OVX receiving PM 1000 mg/kg) all for 90 days. The PM-0 group had estrogen levels, uterus weights, muscle mass, myofiber cross-section areas, peak tension, fatigue resistance, speed of relaxation and parvalbumin levels of both EDL and gastrocnemius that were significantly reduced compared to those of the SHAM group (p<0.05). Also the α and β estrogen receptor immunoreactivities and the parvalbumin immunoreactivities of both EDL and gastrocnemius were decreased in the PM-0 group. In contrast the E, PM-50, PM-500 and PM-1000 group had estrogen levels, uterus weights, muscle mass, myofiber cross-section areas, peak tension, fatigue resistance, speed of relaxation of both EDL and gastrocnemius that were significantly increased compared with PM-0 group (p<0.05). In addition, the α and β estrogen receptor immunoreactivities and parvalbumin immunoreactivity of both the EDL and gastrocnemius were increased in the E, PM-50, PM-500 and PM-1000 group. In addition the extract of Pueraria mirifica replacement group at 50 and 500 mg/kg had significantly increased parvalbumin levels in the EDL muscle but in the gastrocnemius, only the dose of 500 mg/kg increased the parvalbumin levels (p<0.05). These results have demonstrated that the use of the Pueraria mirifica extract as a replacement therapy for estrogen produced estrogenic activity that was similar to that produced by the estradiol benzoate replacement. It seems that the phytoestrogens could bind with the estrogen receptors and stimulate the transcriptional activity to synthesise muscle protein that caused an increase in muscle mass and parvalbumin levels. Thus, muscle synthesis may restore parvalbumin levels resulting in an enhanced relaxation efficiency that would lead to a shortened latent period before the next contraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puereria%20mirifica" title="Puereria mirifica">Puereria mirifica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvalbumin" title=" Parvalbumin"> Parvalbumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estrogen" title=" estrogen"> estrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovariectomized%20rats" title=" ovariectomized rats "> ovariectomized rats </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33415/puereria-mirifica-replacement-improves-skeletal-muscle-performance-associated-with-increasing-parvalbumin-levels-in-ovariectomized-rat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Effects of Butea superba Roxb. on Skeletal Muscle Functions and Parvalbumin Levels of Orchidectomized Rat </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surapong%20Vongvatcharanon">Surapong Vongvatcharanon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fardeela%20Binalee"> Fardeela Binalee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wandee%20Udomuksorn"> Wandee Udomuksorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekkasit%20Kumarnsit"> Ekkasit Kumarnsit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uraporn%20Vongvatcharanon"> Uraporn Vongvatcharanon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypogonadism is characterized by a decline in sex hormone levels, especially testosterone. It has been shown to be an important contributor to the decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength and performance, a condition known as sarcopenia. Preparations from Butea superba Roxb. (red Kwao Krua) have been reported to have androgenic properties. The active compounds are proposed to be flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides. Treatment with B. superba has been shown to improve erectile dysfunction in males. Parvalbumin (PV) is a relaxing factor and identified in fast twitch fibers. Alterations of the PV levels affects skeletal muscle functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of orhchidectomy, testosterone replacement and different doses of Butea superba Roxb. on the structure, performance, levels of parvalbumin, parvalbumin and androgen receptor immunoreactivities in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and gastrocnemius muscles of orchidectomized rats. Twelve-week old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; sham-operated (SHAM), orchidectomized (BS-0), orchidectomized group that was treated with testosterone replacement of 6 µg/kg (TP) or an orchidectomized group that was treated with various doses of an extract from Butea superba Roxb.; 5 mg/kg (BS-5), 50 mg/kg (BS-50) and 500 mg/kg (BS-500) all for 90 days. The testosterone level, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deference weight, muscle fiber size, strength and endurance in both the EDL and gastrocnemius muscle were decreased in the BS-0 group but increased in the testosterone replacement group. Treatment with the B. superba Roxb. extract replacement group improved muscle fiber size, strength and endurance, but not total testosterone levels, or the epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deference weight. Furthermore, the parvalbumin level, parvalbumin and androgen receptor immunoreactivities were reduced in the BS-0 group but increased in the testosterone replacement group and the B. superba Roxb. extract groups for both the EDL and gastrocnemius muscle. This study indicated that the reduction of testosterone level led to a decrease of the androgen receptor density resulting in a decline in the muscle mass and parvalbumin levels. The decrease of parvalbumin levels affected muscle performance. Testosterone replacement increased the androgen receptor density and led to an increase of muscle mass and parvalbumin levels. The increase in the parvalbumin levels may result in an improvement of muscle performance. This may explain one mechanism of testosterone on muscle mass and strength in the testosterone dependent sarcopenia. The B. superba Roxb. extract groups also had improved muscle mass, strength and endurance, parvalbumin level, parvalbumin and androgen immunoreactivities compared to the BS-O group . Butea superba Roxb. Extracts contains a flavonoid (3, 7, 3'-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), flavonoiglycoside (3, 3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) and isoflavanolignans (butesuperins A and butesuperins B) all known to inhibit the cAMP phosphodiesterase enzyme. Therefore, cAMP signaling may have adaptive effects on skeletal muscle by increasing muscle mass, strength and endurance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Butea%20superba" title="Butea superba">Butea superba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parvalbumin" title=" parvalbumin"> parvalbumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20muscle" title=" skeletal muscle"> skeletal muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orchidectomy" title=" orchidectomy"> orchidectomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33417/effects-of-butea-superba-roxb-on-skeletal-muscle-functions-and-parvalbumin-levels-of-orchidectomized-rat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Cystic Ganglionosis in Child: Rare Entity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatinder%20Pal%20Singh">Jatinder Pal Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harpreet%20Singh"> Harpreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gagandeep%20Singh%20Digra"> Gagandeep Singh Digra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandeep%20Kaur%20Sidhu"> Mandeep Kaur Sidhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawan%20Kumar"> Pawan Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ganglion cyst is a benign condition in which there is a cystic lesion in relation to a joint or a tendon sheath arising from myxoid degeneration of fibrous connective tissue. These can be unilocular or multilocular. In rare cases, there may be multiple ganglion cysts, known as cystic ganglionosis. They can occur at any age but are commonly seen in adults. Clinically they may be asymptomatic or present as swelling or mass effect in adjacent structures. These are common in extremities such as hands and feet. Case Presentation: 11-year-old female child presented with slowly progressive painless swelling of her right hand since the age of 4. Antenatal and perinatal history was unremarkable. Her family history was negative. She denies fever, malaise, morning stiffness, weight loss, fatigue, restriction of joint movements, or any sensory and motor deficit. Lab parameters were negative for inflammatory or infectious etiology. No other joint or extremity involvement was present. On physical examination, the swelling was present on the dorsum and palmer aspect of the right hand and wrist. They were non-tender on palpation without any motor or sensory deficit. MRI hand revealed multiple well-defined fluid signal intensity cystic appearing lesions in periarticular/intraarticular locations in relation to distal radio-ulnar, radio-carpal, intercarpal, carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints as well as peritendinous location around flexor tendons more so in the region of wrist, palm, 1st and 5th digit and along extensor tendons in the region of wrist, largest one noted along flexor pollicis longus tendon in thenar region and along 1st digit measuring approx. 4.6 x 1.2 x 1.2 centimeter. Pressure erosions and bone remodelling were noted in the bases of the 2nd to 5th metacarpals, capitate, trapezoid, the distal shaft of 1st metacarpal, and proximal phalanx of 1st digit. Marrow edema was noted in the base and proximal shaft of the 4th metacarpal and proximal shaft of the 3rd metacarpal – likely stress or pressure related. The patient was advised of aspiration, but the family refused the procedure. Therefore the patient was kept on conservative treatment. Conclusion: Cystic ganglionosis is a rare condition with very few cases reported in the medical literature. Its prevalence and association are not known because of the rarity of this condition. It should be considered as an important differential in patients presenting with soft tissue swelling in extremities. Treatment option includes conservative management, aspiration, and surgery. Aspiration has a high recurrence rate. Although surgery has a low recurrence rate, it carries a high rate of complications. Imaging with MRI is essential for confirmation of the cystic nature of lesions and their relation with the joint capsules or tendons. This helps in differentiating from other soft tissue lesions and presurgical planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiology" title="radiology">radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare" title=" rare"> rare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cystic%20ganglionosis" title=" cystic ganglionosis"> cystic ganglionosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child" title=" child"> child</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166396/cystic-ganglionosis-in-child-rare-entity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Restoring Total Form and Function in Patients with Lower Limb Bony Defects Utilizing Patient-Specific Fused Deposition Modelling- A Neoteric Multidisciplinary Reconstructive Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divya%20SY.%20Ang">Divya SY. Ang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20B.%20Tan"> Mark B. Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20EM.%20Yeo"> Nicholas EM. Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20RB.%20Sudirman"> Siti RB. Sudirman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khong%20Yik%20Chew"> Khong Yik Chew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The importance of the amalgamation of technological and engineering advances with surgical principles of reconstruction cannot be overemphasized. With earlier detection of cancer, consequences of high-speed living and neglect, like traumatic injuries and infection, resulting in increasingly younger patients with bone defects. This may result in malformations and suboptimal function that is more noticeable and palpable in the younger, active demographic. Our team proposes a technique that encapsulates a mesh of multidisciplinary effort, tissue engineering and reconstructive principles. Methods/Materials: Our patient was a young competitive footballer in his early 30s who was diagnosed with submandibular adenoid cystic carcinoma with bony involvement. He was thus counselled for a right hemi mandibulectomy, the floor of mouth resection, right selective neck dissection, tracheostomy, and free fibular flap reconstruction of his mandible and required post-operative radiotherapy. Being young and in his prime sportsman years, he was unable to accept the morbidities associated with using his fibula to reconstruct his mandible despite it being the gold standard reconstructive option. The fibula is an ideal vascularized bone flap because it’s reliable and easily shaped with relatively minimal impact on functional outcomes. The fibula contributes to 30% of weightbearing and is the attachment for the lateral compartment muscles; it is stronger in footballers concerning lateral bending. When harvesting the fibula, the distal 6-8cm and up to 10% of the total length is preserved to maintain the ankle’s stability, thus, minimizing the impact on daily activities. There are studies that have noted gait variability post-operatively. Therefore, returning to a premorbid competitive level may be doubtful. To improve his functional outcomes, the decision was made to try and restore the fibula's form and function. Using the concept of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), our team comprising of Plastics, Otolaryngology, Orthopedics and Radiology, worked with Osteopore to design a 3D bioresorbable implant to regenerate the fibula defect (14.5cm). Bone marrow was harvested via reaming the contralateral hip prior to the wide resection. 30mls of his blood was obtained for extracting platelet rich plasma. These were packed into the Osteopore 3D-printed bone scaffold. This was then secured into the fibula defect with titanium plates and screws. The flexor hallucis longus and soleus were anchored along the construct and intraosseous membrane, done in a single setting. Results: He was reviewed closely as an outpatient over 10 months post operatively. He reported no discernable loss or difference in ankle function. He is satisfied and back in training and our team has video and photographs that substantiate his progress. Conclusion: FDM allows regeneration of long bone defects. However, we aimed to also restore his eversion and inversion that is imperative for footballers and hence reattached his previously dissected muscles along the length of the Osteopore implant. We believe that the reattachment of the muscle stabilizes not only the construct but allows optimum muscle tensioning when moving his ankle. This is a simple but effective technique in restoring complete function and form in a young patient whose minute muscle control is imperative to life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20deposition%20modelling" title="fused deposition modelling">fused deposition modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20reconstruction" title=" functional reconstruction"> functional reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20limb%20bony%20defects" title=" lower limb bony defects"> lower limb bony defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20surgery" title=" regenerative surgery"> regenerative surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title=" tissue engineering"> tissue engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165790/restoring-total-form-and-function-in-patients-with-lower-limb-bony-defects-utilizing-patient-specific-fused-deposition-modelling-a-neoteric-multidisciplinary-reconstructive-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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