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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Literary sources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Literary_sources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Literary sources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Literary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Late</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orphic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orphic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Orphic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orphic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-An_ancient_theogony?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#An_ancient_theogony?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>An ancient theogony?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-An_ancient_theogony?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eudemian_Theogony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eudemian_Theogony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Eudemian Theogony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eudemian_Theogony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derveni_Theogony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derveni_Theogony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Derveni Theogony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derveni_Theogony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rhapsodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rhapsodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.4</span> <span>Rhapsodies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rhapsodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.5</span> <span>Later sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iconography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iconography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Iconography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cult" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cult"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cult</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cult-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nyx</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="نكس (ميثولوجيا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نكس (ميثولوجيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="নাইক্স – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাইক্স" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyukta" title="Nyukta – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nyukta" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="نیوکتا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نیوکتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нюкта – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нюкта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Никта – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Никта" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikta" title="Nikta – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nikta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyks" title="Nyks – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nyks" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix" title="Nix – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нюкта – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нюкта" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%85%CE%BE" title="Νυξ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νυξ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix" title="Nix – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nix" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikso_(mitologio)" title="Nikso (mitologio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nikso (mitologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix" title="Nix – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nix" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="نیکس (اسطوره) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیکس (اسطوره)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicte" title="Nicte – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nicte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌽𐍅𐌺𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌽𐍅𐌺𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%89%EC%8A%A4_(%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8B%A0%ED%99%94)" title="닉스 (그리스 신화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="닉스 (그리스 신화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nika" title="Nika – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Nika" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Նիքս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիքս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikta" title="Nikta – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nikta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niks" title="Niks – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Niks" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notte_(mitologia)" title="Notte (mitologia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Notte (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1_(%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ניקס (מיתולוגיה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניקס (מיתולוגיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ნიქსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AEks" title="Nîks – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nîks" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikte" title="Nikte – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nikte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikt%C4%97" title="Niktė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Niktė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCx" title="Nüx – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nüx" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Никта – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Никта" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3" title="نيكس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيكس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%81" title="ꯅꯤꯛꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯅꯤꯛꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="ニュクス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニュクス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix" title="Nix – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nix" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyukta" title="Nyukta – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nyukta" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyks" title="Nyks – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nyks" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix" title="Nix – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nix" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нюкта – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нюкта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%84%DB%86%DA%98%DB%8C)" title="نیکس (میتۆلۆژی) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیکس (میتۆلۆژی)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Њукта – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Њукта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikta" title="Nikta – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nikta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyks" title="Nyks – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nyks" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="นิกซ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิกซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niks" title="Niks – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Niks" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Нікс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нікс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nyx" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="纽克斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纽克斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AA%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="倪克斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="倪克斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AA%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="倪克斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="倪克斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131203#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ancient Greek goddess of the night</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the water spirit <i>Nix</i>, see <a href="/wiki/Nixie_(folklore)" title="Nixie (folklore)">Nixie (folklore)</a>. For the suffix "-nyx", meaning "claw", see <a href="/wiki/List_of_commonly_used_taxonomic_affixes" title="List of commonly used taxonomic affixes">List of commonly used taxonomic affixes</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Nyx_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nyx (disambiguation)">Nyx (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Nyx</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">Personification of Night</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Terracotta_lekythos_(oil_flask)_MET_DP225322.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg/220px-Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg/330px-Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg/440px-Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225322.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2882" data-file-height="3842" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Nyx is shown driving to the left in a chariot pulled by two horses. To the right of her is <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, who ascends into the sky in his quadriga at the start of the new day. Attic terracotta lekythos, attributed to the <a href="/wiki/Sappho_Painter" title="Sappho Painter">Sappho Painter</a>, c. 500 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(cosmogony)" title="Chaos (cosmogony)">Chaos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Siblings</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data">Erebus</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Ker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Oneiroi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oneiroi">Oneiroi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Equivalents</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Roman</th><td class="infobox-data">Nox</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:16em;background:ivory; border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:darkseagreen"><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek deities</a><br />series</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures#Personified_concepts" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Personified concepts</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#B1CBB1"> <a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(cosmogony)#Greco-Roman_tradition" title="Chaos (cosmogony)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourea" title="Ourea">Ourea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_deities_(primordial)" title="Template:Greek deities (primordial)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_deities_(primordial)" title="Template talk:Greek deities (primordial)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_deities_(primordial)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek deities (primordial)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, <b>Nyx</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">NIX</span></i></a>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Νύξ</span> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">Nýx</i></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[nýks]</a></span>, "Night")<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the goddess and personification of the night.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, she is the offspring of <a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a>, and the mother of <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a> (Day) by <a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a> (Darkness). By herself, she produces a brood of children which are personifications of primarily negative forces. She features in a number of early cosmogonies, which place her as one of the first deities to exist. In the works of poets and playwrights, she lives at the ends of the Earth, and is often described as a black-robed goddess who drives through the sky in a chariot pulled by horses. In the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> relates that "she is greater than all the gods together"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and even <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> fears to displease her. </p><p>Night is a prominent figure in several theogonies of <a href="/wiki/Orphic_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic literature">Orphic literature</a>, in which she is often described as the mother of <a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a>. In the earliest Orphic cosmogonies, she is the first deity to exist, while in the later Orphic <a href="/wiki/Rhapsodies_(Orphic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhapsodies (Orphic literature)">Rhapsodies</a>, she is the daughter and consort of <a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a>, and the second ruler of the gods. She delivers prophecies to Zeus from an <a href="/wiki/Adyton" title="Adyton">adyton</a>, and is described as the nurse of the gods. In the Rhapsodies, there may have been three separate figures named Night. </p><p>In ancient Greek art, Nyx often appears alongside other celestial deities such as <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a>, as a winged figure driving a horse-pulled chariot. Though of little cultic importance, she was also associated with several oracles. The name of her Roman equivalent is <b>Nox</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genealogy">Genealogy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Genealogy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, Nyx is the offspring of <a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a>, alongside <a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a> (Darkness), by whom she becomes the mother of <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a> (Day).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Without the assistance of a father, Nyx produces <a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a> (Doom, Destiny), <a href="/wiki/Keres_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keres (mythology)">Ker</a> (Destruction, Death), <a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a> (Death), <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a> (Sleep), the <a href="/wiki/Oneiroi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oneiroi">Oneiroi</a> (Dreams), <a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a> (Blame), <a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a> (Pain, Distress), the <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a> (Fates), the <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a> (Indignation, Retribution), <a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a> (Deceit), <a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a> (Love), <a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a> (Old Age), and <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a> (Strife).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of these offspring are similarly described as her children by later authors.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early sources, however, give genealogies which differ from Hesiod's. According to one such account, she is the mother of <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a> by Aether,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while in others, she is described as the mother of <a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a> by Aether,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the mother of Aether, Eros, and Metis by Erebus.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The poet <a href="/wiki/Bacchylides" title="Bacchylides">Bacchylides</a> apparently considered Nyx to be the mother of Hemera by <a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a> (Time),<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and elsewhere mentions <a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a> as her daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> mentions Nyx as the mother of the <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> considered <a href="/wiki/Lyssa" title="Lyssa">Lyssa</a> (Madness) to be the daughter of Nyx and <a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nox, the Roman equivalent of Nyx, features in several genealogies given by Roman authors. According to <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, Aether and <a href="/wiki/Dies_(deity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dies (deity)">Dies</a> (Day) are the children of Nox and Erebus, in addition to Amor (Love), Dolus (Guile), Metus (Fear), Labor (Toil), Invidentia (Envy), Fatum (Fate), Senectus (Old Age), <a href="/wiki/Mors_(mythology)" title="Mors (mythology)">Mors</a> (Death), Tenebrae (Darkness), Miseria (Misery), Querella (Lamentation), Gratia (Favour), Fraus (Fraud), Pertinacia (Obstinacy), the Parcae, the Hesperides, and the Somnia (Dreams).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the genealogy given by the Roman mythographer <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, Nox is the offspring of Chaos and Caligo (Mist), alongside Dies (Day), Erebus (Darkness), and Aether.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Erebus, she produces Fatum (Fate), Senectus (Old Age), Mors (Death), Letum (Destruction), Continentia (Strife), Somnus (Sleep), the Somnia (Dreams), Lysimeles (Thoughtfulness), Epiphron (Hedymeles), Porphyrion, Epaphus, Discordia (Discord), Miseria (Misery), Petulantia (Petulance), Nemesis, Euphrosyne (Cheerfulness), Amicitia (Friendship), Misericordia (Pity), <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a>, the Parcae (Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos), and the Hesperides (Aegle, Hesperia, and Erythea).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other Roman sources mention Nox as the mother of the Furies, with <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a> sometimes given as the father.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an early Orphic source, in which Nyx is the first deity to exist, she is the mother of Uranus, possibly without a father.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a later account, she is described as both the consort and daughter of <a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a>, by whom she becomes the mother of Uranus and Gaia.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In another account, likely derived from an Orphic cosmogony,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nyx gives birth to a "wind-egg", from which Eros emerges.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In later Orphic sources, she is mentioned as the mother of the Stars (by Uranus?),<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, in one account, is the daughter of Eros.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elsewhere, the late Greek poet <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a> mentions Nyx as the mother of <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a> (Dawn),<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while according to Byzantine author <a href="/wiki/Tzetzes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a>, she is the mother of the Moirai, apparently by the Titan <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, Nyx is the offspring of Chaos, as she is in Hesiod's <i>Theogony</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while in a genealogy given by the 12th-century writer <a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Ephesus" title="Michael of Ephesus">Michael of Ephesus</a> (incorrectly attributed to <a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Aphrodisias" title="Alexander of Aphrodisias">Alexander of Aphrodisias</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she is the offspring of <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a>, and the mother of Uranus.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_sources">Literary sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Literary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early">Early</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, in the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> (c. 8th century BC), relates a story in which Nyx saves <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a> from the anger of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a> comes to Hypnos and attempts to persuade him into lulling Zeus to sleep,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he refuses, reminding her of the last time she asked the same favour of him, when it had allowed her to persecute <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> without her husband's knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hypnos recounts that once Zeus awoke, he was furious, and would have hurled him into the sea, had he not fled to the protection of Nyx, as Zeus, despite his anger, was "in awe of doing anything to swift Night's displeasure".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been suggested that the apparent status which Nyx has in Homer's account may indicate he was aware of a genealogy in which she came before even <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a> (often believed to be the primeval couple in the <i>Iliad</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Pietro Pucci claims that the story may have been derived from an earlier work, which contained a more detailed account of the event.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> (late 8th century BC), which the Greeks considered the "standard" account of the origin of the gods,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nyx is one of the earliest beings to exist, as the offspring of <a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a> (Darkness); in the first sexual coupling,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she and Erebus produce their personified opposites, <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a> (Day).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hesiod also makes Nyx, without the aid of a father, the mother of a number of abstract personifications, which are primarily negative in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite their abstract nature, however, to the Greeks these deities would have represented forces which "exercise[d] a real power in the world".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hesiod locates the home of Nyx at the far western end of the Earth,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it is unclear whether or not he considered it to be beyond <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a>, the river which encircles the world.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a (somewhat confused) section of the Theogony, Hesiod seems to locate her home near the entrance to the underworld, and describes it as being "wrapped in dark clouds".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reports that the Titan <a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a>, who is holding up the sky, stands outside of the house, and that the homes of two of her children, <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a>, are situated nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He relates that Nyx and her daughter Hemera live in the same dwelling, and that each day they pass one another at the entrance to the house, with one of them leaving and the other one entering; throughout the day, one passes across the Earth, while the other stays inside, waiting for their turn to leave.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her journey over the world, Hesiod describes Nyx as "wrapped in a vaporous cloud", and as holding her son Hypnos in her arms.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nyx features in a number of early cosmogonies other than Hesiod's, where she is similarly mentioned among the earliest deities. The philosopher <a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a>, writing in his <i>De pietate</i> (<i>On Piety</i>), reports that the legendary poet <a href="/wiki/Musaeus_of_Athens" title="Musaeus of Athens">Musaeus</a> considered <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a> and Night to be the first beings to exist, followed by Air.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philodemus also writes that, according to <a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a> (7th or 6th century BC), the two first principles are Air and Night, from which "everything else is constituted";<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Neoplatonist <a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a> adds to this, stating that from Air and Night is born Tartarus, who in turn produces two Titans (by Night?).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Damascius also writes that the logographer and mythographer <a href="/wiki/Acusilaus" title="Acusilaus">Acusilaus</a> (6th century BC) believed that Chaos precedes Erebus and Night, and that this pair then produce Aether, <a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a scholium on <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, in contrast, states that Acusilaus considered Night and Aether to be the parents of Eros.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the cosmogony given by the comic playwright <a href="/wiki/Antiphanes_(comic_poet)" title="Antiphanes (comic poet)">Antiphanes</a> (4th century BC), as recorded by the Christian writer <a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a>, Night is first deity to exist alongside Silence, and out of this initial pair comes Chaos. From Night and Chaos then springs Eros (Love), who in turn produces Light and the first generation of the gods.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philodemus, writing in his <i>De pietate</i>, also records that Night is described as the "first goddess" in the first book of <a href="/wiki/Chrysippus" title="Chrysippus">Chrysippus</a>' <i>Physics</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and mentions another cosmogony (the origin of which he does not specify), in which Night and Tartarus are the first pair, from whom "all things are born".<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Authors following Hesiod similarly describe Nyx as living at the ends of the Earth. The choral lyric poet <a href="/wiki/Alcman" title="Alcman">Alcman</a> (7th century BC), as recorded by a scholium on <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, considered Nyx to live in the far north, describing the <a href="/wiki/Riphean_Mountains" title="Riphean Mountains">Riphean Mountains</a> as being "breast of black night".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Geryoneis" title="Geryoneis">Geryoneis</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a> (6th century BC), Nyx appears to live beyond Oceanus in the far west, as Stesichorus writes that after <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> crosses the river at the end of the day, he "reach[es] the depths of holy, dark night".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pre-Socratic philosopher <a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a> (6th or 5th centuries BC), in the proem to his philosophical treatise, appropriates Hesiod's description of the alternation of Nyx and Hemera, referring to "the gates of the ways of Night and Day",<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, according to <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a>, he considered the <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a> to live in the house of Night.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In tragedy, the <i><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> (5th century BC) states that Nyx has her abode in Erebus,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while a fragment of Sophocles mentions the "springs of Night", which are located in the north.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a> (3rd century BC) writes in his <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i> that the <a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanus river</a> "ris[es] from the end of the earth, where the gates and precincts of Night are located",<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> locating her home in the far west.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among descriptions of Nyx in 5th century BC tragedy, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, in his play <i><a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a></i>, represents her as being "robed in black", and her chariot as being pulled by two horses.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reports that she prepares her chariot as <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> finishes his journey across the sky at the end of the day, and that the stars are her companions in her course through the sky.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a fragment from his <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(Euripides)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda (Euripides)">Andromeda</a></i>, he refers to her driving her chariot through Olympus,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in his <i><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></i>, he describes her as having wings,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while according to <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> she wears a black robe which is "studded with colourful stars".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the 5th century BC, Apollonius of Rhodes describes her as "putting the yoke on her horses" as the sun is setting,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a> (3rd century BC) mentions the stars as the "attendants at the chariot of quiet Night".<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late">Late</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Late"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg/220px-BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg/330px-BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg/440px-BnF_MS_Gr139_folio_419_verso_-_detail_-_Nyx.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="702" /></a><figcaption>Nyx depicted in the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Psalter" title="Paris Psalter">Paris Psalter</a>, a 10th-century Greek manuscript, National Library of France<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In the works of Roman poets, descriptions of Nox (the Roman equivalent of Nyx) put a greater emphasis on her terrifying nature.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (1st century BC) she seems to have lived in the underworld,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and drives a chariot across the sky,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Tibullus" title="Tibullus">Tibullus</a> (1st century BC) describes her chariot as being pulled by four horses,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and relates that the Stars come behind her in her journey, with Sleep following after them.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Latin_poem)" title="Thebaid (Latin poem)">Thebaid</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a> reports that Sleep is her "charioteer",<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, in his <i><a href="/wiki/Fasti" title="Fasti">Fasti</a></i>, describes her as wearing a "wreath of poppy" around her head.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the works of Greek poets, <a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a> is a Nereid who attracts the attention of both <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>, until they receive a prophecy from the Titan <a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a> warning them that any son she produces will be greater in power than his father;<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to the late Greek writer <a href="/wiki/Libanius" title="Libanius">Libanius</a> (4th century AD), however, it is Nyx who delivers this prophecy, rather than Themis.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a> (5th century), the goddess <a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a>, on the request on Hera, approaches Hypnos in the "ugly form" of his mother Nyx, and in a lengthy speech persuades him to help set Zeus to sleep.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orphic">Orphic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Orphic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="An_ancient_theogony?"><span id="An_ancient_theogony.3F"></span>An ancient theogony?</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: An ancient theogony?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several passages from early authors, which seem to be <a href="/wiki/Orphic_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic literature">Orphic</a> in influence, have been taken as evidence of the existence of an "old" or "ancient" Orphic theogony, in which Night was one of the earliest figures.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest of these is a passage from <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>' comedy <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(play)" title="The Birds (play)">The Birds</a></i> (414 BC), which presents a parody of a cosmogony, often considered to have been derived from an Orphic theogony.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Night is described as one of the first beings to come into existence, alongside Chaos, Erebus and Tartarus, and lays a "wind-egg" from which Eros is born:<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the beginning were Chaos and Night and black Erebus and broad Tartarus, and no Earth, Air, or Sky. And in the boundless bosom of Erebus did black-winged Night at the very start bring forth a wind egg, from which as the seasons revolved came forth Eros the seductive, like to swift whirlwinds, his back aglitter with wings of gold.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>A passage from <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>' play <i><a href="/wiki/Hypsipyle" title="Hypsipyle">Hypsipyle</a></i> (performed c. 411–407) also makes reference to Night and other early deities, seemingly containing traces of an early Orphic theogony:<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>O mistress ... of the gods ... inscrutable (light) ... first-born (in) mist (or heaven) ... Erôs willed, when (Night) ... and was nurtured then ... family of gods ...<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Several modern scholars have interpreted these fragments as evidence of an early Orphic theogony in which Night featured as one of the first deities. According to <a href="/wiki/Luc_Brisson" title="Luc Brisson">Luc Brisson</a>, the cosmogony which Aristophanes parodies came from a work which he calls the "ancient version" (<i>la version ancienne</i>), which he sees as the earliest Orphic theogony. In this work, he believes that Night is, by herself, the first being to exist (a position she loses in later Orphic theogonies), and that she produces an egg from which comes Eros (as she does in Aristophanes' parody), from whom all things arise.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Bernab%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Bernabé (page does not exist)">Alberto Bernabé</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Bernab%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="es:Alberto Bernabé">es</a>]</span> similarly sees these fragments as alluding to an "ancient" theogony (<i>priscae Orphicae theogoniae</i>) which centred around the birth of Eros from an egg, produced by "Chaos-Night".<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eudemian_Theogony">Eudemian Theogony</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Eudemian Theogony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Night seems to have been considered the first deity in the earliest known Orphic cosmogonies.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest Orphic theogony in which Night is known to have appeared is the <a href="/wiki/Eudemian_Theogony" class="mw-redirect" title="Eudemian Theogony">Eudemian Theogony</a> (5th century BC),<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which receives its name from the philosopher <a href="/wiki/Eudemus_of_Rhodes" title="Eudemus of Rhodes">Eudemus of Rhodes</a>, a student of <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, who spoke of an Orphic theogony in one of his works; this theogony was later referred to by the Neoplatonist <a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a>, in his <i>De Principiis</i> (<i>On First Principles</i>), using Eudemus as his source.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only piece of information known for certain about this theogony is that it started with Night;<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as Damascius writes: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The theology described in the Peripatetic Eudemus as being that of Orpheus is silent about the entire realm of the intelligible for it is completely inexpressible and unknowable by the method of exposition and narration: it made its start from Night, from whom also Homer begins, although he did not make his genealogy continuous.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> similarly refers to earlier authors who attributed an primordial role to Night, presumably commenting upon the same text as his pupil.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i>, he makes reference to theologians "who make Night parent of all",<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and describes Night as being one of the deities who are placed as "the first" by "the ancient poets".<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the Byzantine author <a href="/wiki/John_the_Lydian" title="John the Lydian">John the Lydian</a> writes in his <i>De Mensibus</i> that "three first beginnings of generation sprouted out, according to Orpheus: Night, Ge, and Ouranos",<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a passage which scholars have seen as referring to the Eudemian Theogony.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of this, it has been proposed that Night, presumably on her own, is described as the mother of Uranus and Gaia in the work;<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West takes this further, claiming that Night is the mother of Uranus and Gaia, and that they are the parents of Oceanus and Tethys, who produce the Titans.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derveni_Theogony">Derveni Theogony</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Derveni Theogony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Derveni_Theogony" class="mw-redirect" title="Derveni Theogony">Derveni Theogony</a> (4th century BC), an Orphic poem known through the commentary on the work found in the <a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Night appears to have been the first deity;<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to Bernabé, she exists eternally before the creation of the cosmos, at a time when the universe sits in a state of "cold and passive darkness".<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a surviving line from the poem, quoted in the Derveni papyrus, she is described as the mother of Uranus:<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ouranos, son of Night, who was the first to become king<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>It is unclear, however, whether or not there was a father, and, if there was, what his identity was: Bernabé argues that Night produces him without a partner (though this view has been criticised),<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while other scholars have suggested that Aether may have been the father,<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Phanes.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Betegh" title="Gábor Betegh">Gábor Betegh</a> also adds Gaia as the offspring of Night in the poem, alongside Uranus.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the poem, Night was called the "immortal nurse of the gods" (as quoted in the Derveni papyrus),<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in its narrative she nurtures and gives shelter to the young Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in the work, after Zeus overthrows his father Cronus and becomes king, he consults Night on how he can consolidate his rule.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is described as she "who knows all the oracles", and delivers a prophecy to him from within her shrine (<i>adyton</i>); several reconstructed lines from the work describe this: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>And Zeus [... came to the cave, where]<br /> Night sat, immortal nurse of the gods, knowing all oracles<br /> ... to prophesy from the innermost shrine.<br /> She prophesied all that it was permitted him to achieve,<br /> how he would hold the lovely seat in snowy Olympus.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>After Zeus receives this prophecy from Night (and one from his father Cronus), he apparently swallows either the phallus of Uranus (or, as other have suggested, the body of Phanes).<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The role which Night plays in the Derveni Theogony has been compared to that which <a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> plays in Hesiod's <i>Theogony</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has pointed out that both are described as the mother of Uranus, and occupy a similar position at the beginning of creation, with Gaia being the second being to exist in the <i>Theogony</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, following the creation of world, rather than becoming rulers themselves, both deities remain present and occasionally offer guidance and assistance to younger generations.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prophecy which Night delivers to Zeus, which causes him to swallow Phanes, has been compared to the prophecy Gaia and Uranus report to Zeus in the <i>Theogony</i>, which leads him to swallow his wife <a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>Theogony</i>, Zeus is also given to Gaia after his birth, which has been connected to the role Night plays in nurturing the young Zeus in his infancy.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rhapsodies">Rhapsodies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rhapsodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the longest Orphic poem, the <a href="/wiki/Rhapsodies_(Orphic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhapsodies (Orphic literature)">Rhapsodic Theogony</a>, or Rhapsodies (1st century BC/AD),<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the first deity to exist is <a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a>, several fragments appear to assign a primordial role to Night.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several writers describe the elemental mass from which Chronos emerges as dark and shadowy in nature,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the Byzantine author <a href="/wiki/John_Malalas" title="John Malalas">John Malalas</a> reports that in Orpheus it is "gloomy Night" who "[comes] first",<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Damascius similarly refers to Night as the "first being".<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the god Phanes springs from the cosmic egg created by Chronos, there emerges a bright light, at which point Night is the only one who looks upon him.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phanes then creates the cosmos, doing so from within the cave of Night;<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a passage from the Rhapsodies states that "these things are what the father made in the misty cave", and the Neoplatonist philosopher <a href="/wiki/Hermias_(philosopher)" title="Hermias (philosopher)">Hermias</a> describes Phanes as being seated in the "shrine of Night".<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Damascius similarly records that the two deities live together, while <a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proclus</a> refers to the couple as the "two rulers in the sky ... seated eternally in the innermost shrine".<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the poem's narrative, Night is both the consort and his daughter of Phanes,<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, by him, becomes the mother of Uranus and Gaia.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is described as the second ruler of the gods, being preceded in this role by Phanes, and followed by her son Uranus.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proclus relates that Phanes passes on his rule to Nyx by giving her a sceptre which he created himself, handing it on to her willingly, and that after her own time as ruler, she too passes on the sceptre voluntarily, giving it to her son Uranus.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Phanes gives her the sceptre, he seemingly also confers upon her the gift of prophecy.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proclus reports that Night is called the "immortal nurse of the gods" in the Rhapsodies, as she is the Derveni Theogony,<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Damascius similarly refers to her as the "nurse of all things".<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the poem's narrative, she is described as raising her grandson <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though West suggests that she may have nurtured all of the Titans.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Hermias, the young Zeus is reared in the cave of Night by the nymphs <a href="/wiki/Amalthea_(mythology)" title="Amalthea (mythology)">Amalthea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrasteia" title="Adrasteia">Adrasteia</a>, the latter of which protects the child by standing at the door of the cave, clanging cymbals.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once Zeus reaches adulthood, Night delivers several prophecies to him, presumably from this same cave.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the reign of Cronus, she prophesies to Zeus that he will become the fifth king of the gods,<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and advises him on how he can overthrow his father. She directs him to use a "trick through honey", and then wait until Cronus is standing "under trees with high foliage, drunk with the works of loud-buzzing bees", before binding him.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After becoming king, Zeus returns to Night, and asks her how he can solidify his rule, to which she responds:<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Surround all things with unspeakable aither, and in the middle<br /> place the sky, and therein the boundless earth, and the sea,<br /> and therein all the constellations, which the sky has surrounded.<br /> But when you have stretched a firm bond over everything,<br /> suspend a golden chain from the aither.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>After hearing this advice, Zeus consumes his ancestor Phanes, and, in doing so, takes in the entire creation, which he contains in his stomach.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following this, Zeus keeps Night as his advisor, and it is on her recommendation that he takes <a href="/wiki/Nomos_(mythology)" title="Nomos (mythology)">Nomos</a> (Law) to sit beside him.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Night also prophesies that <a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a>, who becomes Zeus's consort, will continue to be a virgin until a son of Cronus and Rhea is born.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several fragments from the Rhapsodies seem to refer to three separate deities named Night. Hermias reports that "three Nights have been transmitted in Orpheus", and gives them the following descriptions: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He says the first [Night] prophesies, which is connected with understanding, and he calls the middle [Night] revered, which is connected with moderation, and he says the third [Night] gave birth to justice.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Clémence Ramnoux interprets these three Nights as forming a "feminine trinity" around Phanes, the first being his mother, the second his consort, and the third his daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bernabé, in his collection of Orphic fragments, arranges passages relating to Night into three groups, interpreting the Nights as three separate deities who appear in different parts of the poem's narrative.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sees the first Night as a primordial deity, eternal in nature, and the offspring of Chronos, and interprets this as the Night who observes Phanes at his emergence from the egg; he views her as the same figure described as the nurse of the gods, as well as the Night who prophesies, claiming that she receives the gift of prophecy from Chronos.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A passage from Proclus relates that Phanes "brings forth the Nights and, as a father, has intercourse with the middle one",<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which Bernabé sees as referring to the second Night giving birth to the third.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brisson interprets Night as the feminine aspect of the bisexual deity Phanes, who is simultaneously his mother, sister, and daughter, and argues that when he mates with Night he is copulating with this feminine half.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dwayne Meisner, however, rejects the idea that there were three separate Nights in the poem, and interprets Hermias's passage in terms of Neoplatonic allegory.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One passage from Proclus apparently describes there as being five Nights, as opposed to three.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Later_sources">Later sources</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Later sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fifth of the <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i> (2nd century AD?) is dedicated to Night, and describes her as the "mother of gods and men", who "gave birth to all";<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in this role as a progenitor, she is addressed in the <i>Hymn</i> as <a href="/wiki/Cypris" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypris">Cypris</a> (an epithet of Aphrodite).<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the proem to the <i>Hymns</i>, in which <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> addresses <a href="/wiki/Musaeus_of_Athens" title="Musaeus of Athens">Musaeus</a>, she is similarly called the "oldest of all".<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The later <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Argonautica" title="Orphic Argonautica">Orphic Argonautica</a></i> (4th or 5th centuries AD)<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also mentions "holy oracles of Night about the lord Bacchus", seemingly referring to the Rhapsodies.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iconography">Iconography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Iconography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arte_romana,_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene,_I_secolo_ac.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG/170px-Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG/255px-Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG/340px-Arte_romana%2C_statuetta_di_nyx_o_selene%2C_I_secolo_ac.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1216" data-file-height="2192" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman-era</a> bronze statuette of Nyx <i><a href="/wiki/Velificans" class="mw-redirect" title="Velificans">velificans</a></i> or <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a> (<a href="/wiki/Getty_Villa" title="Getty Villa">Getty Villa</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In ancient Greek and Roman art, Nyx is often difficult to identify, as she lacks a specific defined appearance,<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it can be hard to distinguish her from other deities, such as <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, she was depicted on the chest of <a href="/wiki/Cypselus" title="Cypselus">Cypselus</a> (6th century BC) as the nurse of <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a>, where she held the two gods, portrayed as children, in each of her hands.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 5th century BC, Nyx appears on a number of vases alongside other celestial deities such as <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, Selene, and Eos.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest surviving representation of Nyx is an Attic lekythos (c. 500 BC), which shows her driving a two-horse chariot away from Helios, who is ascending into the sky in his quadriga at the start of the new day.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most depictions of Nyx portray her as having wings, and in early representations she is usually shown riding in a chariot.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the lid of a 5th-century BC Athenian pyxis, for example, she is a winged figure driving a chariot pulled by four horses, with stars dotted above her head; she rides towards a column which signifies the edge of the world, and is followed by Selene and Helios (or Eos).<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is sometimes also shown wearing a dress which has black borders, or has a black piece of cloth placed on her clothes;<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on an Attic kylix, for example, is a winged figure (probably Nyx) wearing a black-bordered peplos, walking behind the horse of Selene.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 5th century BC, depictions of Nyx no longer show her alongside other celestial deities, and most representations are uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has been identified as one of the deities fighting against the <a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giants</a> on the Gigantomachy frieze of the <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Altar" title="Pergamon Altar">Pergamon Altar</a> (2nd century BC), where she is shown grabbing the edge of a shield belonging to bearded giant, and in her other hand holds a jar with a snake wrapped around it.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In later depictions, Nyx is often portrayed as a <i><a href="/wiki/Velificans" class="mw-redirect" title="Velificans">velificans</a></i> (with a veil billowing behind her head), and on Roman sarcophagi is a figure who puts others to sleep.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cult">Cult</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cult"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There exist few examples of Nyx having played a role in cult.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, there was an oracle which belonged to Night on the acropolis of <a href="/wiki/Megara" title="Megara">Megara</a>, alongside temples to <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> Nyktelios and Zeus, and a sanctuary of <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A scholiast on <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> claims that Nyx was the earliest owner of the <a href="/wiki/Oracle_of_Delphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle of Delphi">Oracle of Delphi</a>, and was followed in this role by <a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while according to <a href="/wiki/Menander_Rhetor" title="Menander Rhetor">Menander Rhetor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> competed with Nyx, <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>, and Themis for control of the site.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> similarly refers to an oracle which belonged to Nyx and Selene.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to her association with oracles, Pausanias records that there was a statue of Night in the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ephesus" title="Ephesus">Ephesus</a>, created by the artist Rhoecus.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several Roman authors also mention animals which were sacrificed to Night: Ovid refers to black roosters slain to her,<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statius black bulls,<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Virgil a black sheep.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferrari, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC&pg=PA40">p. 40</a>; <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/254196">41.162.29</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tripp, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/624/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 624</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/LSJ" class="mw-redirect" title="LSJ">LSJ</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=nu/c">s.v. νύξ</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/314/mode/2up?view=theater">s.v. Nyx, p. 314</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Book 14, Illiad, Homer </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tripp, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/398/mode/2up?view=theater">s.v. Nyx, p. 399</a>; Peck, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=nyx-harpers">s.v. Nyx</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, p. 4; Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA23">pp. 23–4</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:104-138">123–5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, pp. 4–5; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:207-239">211–25</a>. The translations used here are those given by Gantz.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-works_days/2018/pb_LCL057.87.xml">17 (pp. 86, 87)</a> (two Strifes, one a daughter of Night); <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.5.3">7.5.3</a> (two Nemeses daughters of Night); <i><a href="/wiki/Poetae_Melici_Graeci" class="mw-redirect" title="Poetae Melici Graeci">PMG</a></i> 1018 (Page, p. 536) (Fates daughters of Nyx; see Gantz, p. 8); <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hercules_(Seneca)" title="Hercules (Seneca)">Hercules</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/seneca_younger-hercules/2018/pb_LCL062.103.xml">1066–9 (pp. 102, 103)</a> (Sleep and Death sons of Night); <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> to the Fates</i> (59), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/48/mode/2up?view=theater">1 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 48)</a> (Fates daughters of Night); <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/nonnos-dionysiaca/1940/pb_LCL354.431.xml">31.117 (pp. 430, 431)</a> (Sleep son of Night). The Roman authors <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a> provide Nox, the Roman counterpart of Nyx, with similar lists of offspring (see below).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chrysanthou, p. 303; Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA8">p. 8</a>; Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92">p. 92</a>; <a href="/wiki/Epimenides_of_Crete" class="mw-redirect" title="Epimenides of Crete">Epimenides</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 5 Diels, p. 190</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA6">p. 6</a>; Cook, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie02pt1cook/page/314/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 315 n. 4</a>; West, p. 209 n. 106; <a href="/wiki/Acusilaus" title="Acusilaus">Acusilaus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA6">fr. 6c Fowler, pp. 6–7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA5">pp. 5–6</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Acusilaus" title="Acusilaus">Acusilaus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA6">fr. 6b Fowler, p. 6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bacchylides" title="Bacchylides">Bacchylides</a>, <i>Victory Odes</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/bacchylides-victory_odes/1992/pb_LCL461.157.xml">7.1–2 (pp. 156, 157)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, p. 26; Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA33">p. 33</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bacchylides" title="Bacchylides">Bacchylides</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/bacchylides-fragments/1992/pb_LCL461.253.xml">fr. 1B Campbell, pp. 252–5</a> [= Scholia on <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0lkhbarJcukC&pg=PA233">3.467 (Wendel 1999, p. 233)</a>] [= <i><a href="/wiki/Oxyrhynchus_papyri" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxyrhynchus papyri">P. Oxy.</a></i> 2366.3–8].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, p. 13; Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n463/mode/2up">p. 905</a>; <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eumenides" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eumenides">Eumenides</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.395.xml">321–2 (pp. 394, 395)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.407.xml">416 (pp. 394, 395)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.455.xml">791–2 (pp. 454, 455)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.457.xml">821–2 (pp. 456, 457)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.483.xml">1034 (pp. 482, 483)</a>. According to Sommerstein, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-oresteia_eumenides/2009/pb_LCL146.395.xml">p. 395 n. 82 to line 322</a>, Aeschylus here seemingly identifies the Erinyes with the <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a>, who are daughters of Nyx in Hesiod. See also <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, <i>Alexandra</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lycophron-alexandra/1921/pb_LCL129.357.xml">437 (pp. 356, 357)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parada, p. 110; Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA44">p. 44</a>; Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n463/mode/2up">p. 905</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Herakles_(Euripides)" title="Herakles (Euripides)">Herakles</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.387.xml">823 (pp. 386, 387)</a> (daughter of Night), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.389.xml">834 (pp. 388, 389)</a> (daughter of Night), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-heracles/1998/pb_LCL009.389.xml">844 (pp. 388, 389)</a> (daughter of Night and Heaven).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Natura_Deorum" title="De Natura Deorum">De Natura Deorum</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/marcus_tullius_cicero-de_natura_deorum/1933/pb_LCL268.329.xml">3.44 (pp. 328, 329)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fontenrose, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA222">pp. 222–3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> Theogony 1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vczTNMWLGdoC&pg=PA95">Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 95</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://latin.packhum.org/loc/1263/1/0#0">Latin text</a>). According to Fontenrose, this genealogy may be derived from <a href="/wiki/Eumelus_of_Corinth" title="Eumelus of Corinth">Eumelus</a> (8th century BC), the author of the <i><a href="/wiki/Titanomachia" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanomachia">Titanomachia</a></i>; see also Kovaleva, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> Theogony 1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vczTNMWLGdoC&pg=PA95">Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 95</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://latin.packhum.org/loc/1263/1/0#0">Latin text</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Verg.+A.+6.236">6.250</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Verg.+A.+7.323">7.323–332</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Verg.+A.+12.843">12.845–6</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/ovid-metamorphoses/1916/pb_LCL042.211.xml">4.451–2 (pp. 210, 211)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 158; Bernabé 2019, p. 110; Orphic fr. 10 Bernabé (I p. 21) [= <a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a>, col. 14.6 (Kouremenos, Parássoglou and Tsantsanoglou, pp. 133)]. There is debate surrounding whether there was a father, and his identity. Bernabé and Cristobal, p. 88 argue that there was no father, while Betegh, p. 336 considers him to be <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a>, and Almqvist, p. 88 suggests he is <a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a>. In an earlier Orphic work, in which Nyx is again the first deity, scholars have proposed that she is the mother of Uranus, as well as Gaia; see Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">p. 95</a>; Betegh, p. 147; West, pp. 117–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, p. 70; Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168">pp. 168–9</a>; Orphic fr. 149 I Bernabé (I p. 146).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Betegh, pp. 148–9; Chrysanthou, pp. 301–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA25">p. 25</a>; <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(play)" title="The Birds (play)">Birds</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg006.perseus-eng1:685-707">693–9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morand, p. 331; <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> to the Stars</i> (7), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/8/mode/2up?view=theater">3 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 9)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172">p. 172</a>; Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=nyx-bio-1">s.v. Nyx</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Argonautica" title="Orphic Argonautica">Orphic Argonautica</a></i>, 14–5 (Vian, p. 75) [= fr. 238 Bernabé (I p. 200) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/64/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 224T Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Posthomerica" title="Posthomerica">Posthomerica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/falloftroy00quin/page/112/mode/2up?view=theater">2.625–6</a>; see also <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon_(play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agamemnon (play)">Agamemnon</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0085.tlg005.perseus-eng1:258-280">265</a>, which calls Night the mother of Dawn.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=moira-bio-1">s.v. Moira</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tzetzes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>'s <i>Alexandra</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaakioukaiiann00mlgoog/page/n653/mode/2up?view=theater">406 (pp. 584–6)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rouse, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/nonnos-dionysiaca/1940/pb_LCL354.431.xml">p. 435 note c to 31.176</a>; Verhelst, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbhRDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA60">p. 60</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/nonnos-dionysiaca/1940/pb_LCL354.435.xml">31.176 (pp. 434, 435)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kotwick, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 150; Pseudo-<a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Aphrodisias" title="Alexander of Aphrodisias">Alexander of Aphrodisias</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Ephesus" title="Michael of Ephesus">Michael of Ephesus</a>), in <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i> 821.16 [= fr. 367 Bernabé (I p. 295) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/170/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 107 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pucci, pp. 182–3; <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:14.193-14.241">14.231–61</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:14.193-14.241">14.231–41</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:14.242-14.269">14.242–55</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:14.242-14.269">14.56–61</a>. The translation quoted here is that given by Lattimore, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/iliadofhome00home/page/300/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 301</a>. According to Janko, p. 193 on lines 256–61, she likely saves him by making him invisible. Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a> sees no reason to believe that Hypnos is Nyx's daughter in this narrative, and also states "[t]he dwelling of both would seem to be on Olympos".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, p. 120; Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA99">p. 99</a>; see also Kirk, Raven and Schofield, p. 17. For Oceanus and Tethys as primeval parents, see Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA11">p. 11</a>; West, pp. 119–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pucci, p. 183 n. 75. He suggests "an earlier <i>Gigantomachy</i> or <i>Herakleia</i>" as candidates.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA21">p. 21</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, p. 4; Betegh, p. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Almqvist, p. 37; Caldwell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesiodstheogony00hesi/page/6/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Almqvist, p. 37; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:207-239">211–25</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA26">p. 26</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/314/mode/2up?view=theater">s.v. Nyx, p. 314</a>; Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; Gantz, pp. 5, 129; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:270-303">274–6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, pp. 127, 129. <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:729-766">744–5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gantz, pp. 5, 127, 129; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:729-766">746–8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:729-766">758–9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kouremenos, Parássoglou and Tsantsanoglou, p. 186; <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:729-766">744–59</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:729-766">756–7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA7">p. 7</a>; Gantz, p. 2; <a href="/wiki/Musaeus_of_Athens" title="Musaeus of Athens">Musaeus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/182/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 14 Diels, pp. 182–3</a> [= fr. 81 Bernabé (II.2 p. 40) = <a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a>, <i>De pietate</i> 47 (Obbink, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4tDMNaqKfIC&pg=PA351">p. 351</a>)].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA7">p. 7</a>; <a href="/wiki/Epimenides_of_Crete" class="mw-redirect" title="Epimenides of Crete">Epimenides</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 5 Diels, p. 190</a> [= fr. 46 II Bernabé (II.2 p. 154) = <i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Jacoby" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Jacoby">BNJ</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarlyeditions.brill.com/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:fgrh.0457.bnjo-3-tr1-eng:f4a">457 F4a</a> = <a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a>, <i>De pietate</i> 47 (Obbink, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4tDMNaqKfIC&pg=PA351">p. 351</a>)]. The translation used here is that given by Obbink. According to Fowler, in his placement of Night, Epimenides' "inspiration surely came from Orphic theogony".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA8">p. 8</a>; Chrysanthou, p. 303; Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92">p. 92</a>; <a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 5 Diels, p. 190</a> [= fr. 46 I Bernabé (II.2 pp. 153–4) = <i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Jacoby" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Jacoby">BNJ</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarlyeditions.brill.com/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:fgrh.0457.bnjo-3-tr1-eng:f4a">457 F4a</a> = <a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a>, <i>De Principiis</i> 124]. According to Fowler, Tartarus produces the two Titans either by a mother who "would have to be Night", or without a mother. The identity of the two Titans is also unclear: Fowler suggests Cronus and Rhea, and Oceanus and Tethys as possibilities.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA5">pp. 5–6</a>; Cook, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie02pt1cook/page/314/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 315 n. 4</a>; <a href="/wiki/Acusilaus" title="Acusilaus">Acusilaus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA6">fr. 6b Fowler, p. 6</a> [= <a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a>, <i>De Principiis</i> 124].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA6">p. 6</a>; West, p. 209 n. 106; <a href="/wiki/Acusilaus" title="Acusilaus">Acusilaus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA7">fr. 6c Fowler, pp. 6–7</a> [= Scholia on <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, <i>Idylls</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scholiaintheocr00wendgoog/page/258/mode/2up?view=theater">13.1/2c (Wendel 1914, p. 258)</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Santamaría, pp. 377–8; <a href="/wiki/Antiphanes_(comic_poet)" title="Antiphanes (comic poet)">Antiphanes</a>, <i>PCG</i> 104 (Kassel and Austin, pp. 366–7) [= <a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Against_Heresies" class="mw-redirect" title="Against Heresies">Against Heresies</a></i> 2.14.1]. According to Santamaría pp. 378–9, Silence may have been an invention on the part of Antiphanes, though he also suggests that the figure may not have been present in Antiphanes' original account, and that the first god alongside Night was instead Tartarus or Erebus, with Irenaeus later inserting the figure of Silence in their place in his retelling.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">pp. 95–6</a>; Betegh, p. 154; <a href="/wiki/Chrysippus" title="Chrysippus">Chrysippus</a>, <i>SVF</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stoicorumveterum02arniuoft/page/192/mode/2up?view=theater">636 (Arnim, p. 192)</a> [= <a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a>, <i>De pietate</i> 14]. According to Meisner, while this fragment has been considered Orphic, "there is no compelling reason" to believe Chrysippus's source was an Orphic theogony. Bremmer 2008, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTfxZH4QnqgC&pg=PA5">p. 5 n. 23</a> states that the genealogy later given by <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a> (see above) "probably refers to this text".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a>, <i>De pietate</i> 47 (Obbink, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4tDMNaqKfIC&pg=PA351">p. 351</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>; Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n463/mode/2up">p. 905</a>; Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; <a href="/wiki/Alcman" title="Alcman">Alcman</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/alcman-fragments/1988/pb_LCL143.457.xml">fr. 90 Campbell, pp. 456, 457</a> [= <i><a href="/wiki/Poetae_Melici_Graeci" class="mw-redirect" title="Poetae Melici Graeci">PMG</a></i> 90 (Page, p. 60) = Scholia on <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_at_Colonus" title="Oedipus at Colonus">Oedipus at Colonus</a></i>, 1248 (Xenis, pp. 195–6)]. The scholiast mistakenly claims that the mountains are located in the far west; see Bolton, p. 187 n. 4 to p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">45</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA48">48</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA49">49</a>; <a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/stesichorus_i-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.79.xml">fr. 17 Campbell, pp. 78, 79</a> [= <i><a href="/wiki/Poetae_Melici_Graeci" class="mw-redirect" title="Poetae Melici Graeci">PMG</a></i> 185 (Page, pp. 100–1) = <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophists" class="mw-redirect" title="Deipnosophists">Deipnosophists</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/atheneus_grammarian-learned_banqueters/2007/pb_LCL274.277.xml">11.469e (pp. 276–9)</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miller, p. 220; <a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a>, fr. 1.11 Kirk, Raven and Schofield, pp. 242–3. The translation used here is that given by Miller.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkert, pp. 93, 95–6, 100; see <a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a>, fr. 1.9 Kirk, Raven and Schofield, pp. 242–3: "the daughters of the Sun made haste to escort me, having left the halls of Night". Burkert points to <a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/stesichorus_i-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.79.xml">fr. 17 Campbell, pp. 78, 79</a> (see above), which states that once <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> reaches the "depths of holy, dark night", he will see "his mother and wedded wife and dear children", as attestation of this elsewhere.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-orestes/2002/pb_LCL011.431.xml">176 (pp. 430, 431)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/apollonius_rhodes-argonautica/2009/pb_LCL001.379.xml">4.629–30 (pp. 378, 379)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Race, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/apollonius_rhodes-argonautica/2009/pb_LCL001.379.xml">p. 379 n. 84</a>; see also Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-ion/1999/pb_LCL010.457.xml">1150–1 (pp. 456, 457)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=nyx-bio-1">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-ion/1999/pb_LCL010.457.xml">1149–51 (pp. 456, 457)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(Euripides)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda (Euripides)">Andromeda</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL504.133.xml">fr. 114 Collard and Cropp, pp. 132, 133</a>; see also <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoriazusae" title="Thesmophoriazusae">Thesmophoriazusae</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg008.perseus-eng1:1056-1097">1065–9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n463/mode/2up">p. 905</a>; Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=nyx-bio-1">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i>Orestes</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-orestes/2002/pb_LCL011.431.xml">176 (pp. 430, 431)</a>; see also Anonymous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/greek_lyric_anonymous_fragments/1993/pb_LCL144.325.xml">fr. 929g Campbell, pp. 324, 325</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/apollonius_rhodes-argonautica/2009/pb_LCL001.311.xml">3.1193 (pp. 310, 311)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, <i>Idylls</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/theocritus-poems_i-xxx/2015/pb_LCL028.57.xml">2.166 (pp. 56, 57)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">LIMC</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-73d5f06e0c542-2">3559 (Nyx 6)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>; Papastavrou, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20VI-1%20Kentauroi%20et%20Kentaurides-O%C4%B1ax/page/n577/mode/2up">p. 941</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=nyx-bio-1">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/virgil-aeneid/1916/pb_LCL063.559.xml">6.390 (pp. 558–61)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/virgil-aeneid/1916/pb_LCL063.521.xml">5.721 (pp. 520, 521)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tibullus" title="Tibullus">Tibullus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/tibullus-elegies/1913/pb_LCL006.295.xml">3.4.17 (pp. 294, 295)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tibullus" title="Tibullus">Tibullus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/tibullus-elegies/1913/pb_LCL006.259.xml">2.1.87–90 (pp. 258, 259)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keightley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA46">p. 46</a>; <a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Latin_poem)" title="Thebaid (Latin poem)">Thebaid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/statius-thebaid/2004/pb_LCL207.99.xml">2.59–60 (pp. 98, 99)</a>. Cf. <i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>, which calls him her "coachman".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fasti" title="Fasti">Fasti</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/ovid-fasti/1931/pb_LCL253.237.xml">661–2 (pp. 236, 237)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA52">p. 52</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barringer, p. 70; Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA25">pp. 25–6</a>; Westermann, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mythographoiscri00westuoft/page/378/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 379</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Verhelst, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbhRDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA56">p. 56</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/nonnos-dionysiaca/1940/pb_LCL354.431.xml">31.110–96 (pp. 430–7)</a>. Verhelst compares this to the story in the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> in which Hera tries to convince Hypnos (see above).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2004, pp. 72–3, p. 73 on fr. 64, p. 74 on fr. 65; Bernabé and Casadesús, pp. 295–6; Bernabé 2007, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30032220?seq=30">p. 128</a>; Brisson 1995, pp. 3–4, I pp. 390–2, III pp. 38–9, IV pp. 2876–7; Calame, pp. 236–7; see also West, pp. 111–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson 1995, pp. 3–4, I pp. 390–1, III pp. 38–9, IV pp. 2876–7; Bernabé 2004, p. 73 on fr. 64; Bernabé 2007, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30032220?seq=30">p. 128</a>; see also West, p. 111. For discussions of whether Aristophanes' source is an Orphic theogony, see Betegh, pp. 148–9; Chrysanthou, pp. 301–3; Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA89">89</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92">92–4</a>. Chrysanthou, p. 303 suggests that his source is Epimenides, but says it is "more probable that [he] has in mind an Orphic Theogony", while Betegh, p. 149 states that it is most likely he "created a comic pastiche of different theogonies".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson 1995, pp. 3–4. The meaning of the term "wind-egg" here is not clear; see Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA89">89–90</a>. Bremmer 2008, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTfxZH4QnqgC&pg=PA415">p. 15</a> (following Dunbar) states that it likely indicates that Night gives rise to the egg pathogenetically.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(play)" title="The Birds (play)">The Birds</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/aristophanes-birds/2000/pb_LCL179.117.xml">693–9 (pp. 116, 117)</a> [= Orphic fr. 64V Bernabé (I pp. 73–5) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/80/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 1 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2004, p. 74 on fr. 65; Calame, p. 232; Chrysanthou, p. 305; Bremmer 2011, p. 5; see also West, p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Hypsipyle" title="Hypsipyle">Hypsipyle</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.305.xml">fr. 758a.1103–8 Collard and Cropp, pp. 304, 305</a> [= Orphic fr. 65V Bernabé (I pp. 75–7) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/80/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 2 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson, pp. 3–4, I pp. 390–2, III pp. 38–9, IV pp. 2876–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2004, p. 72; Bernabé and Casadesús, pp. 295–6; Bernabé 2007, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30032220?seq=30">128–9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmonds, p. 228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1">p. 1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87">p. 87</a>; Orphic fr. 20 I Bernabé (I p. 35) [= <a href="/wiki/Eudemus_of_Rhodes" title="Eudemus of Rhodes">Eudemus</a> fr. 150 Wehrli = <a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a>, <i>De Principiis</i> 124].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmonds, p. 228; Betegh, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Damascius" title="Damascius">Damascius</a>, <i>De Principiis</i> 124 [= Orphic fr. 20 I Bernabé (I p. 35)]. The translation used here is that given by Betegh, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2008, p. 35 on fr. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94">p. 94</a>; Fowler, p. 13; Orphic fr. 20 II Bernabé (I p. 35) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/94/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 24 Kern</a> = <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i> 1071<sup>b</sup> 26]. The translation used here is that given by Fowler.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94">p. 94</a>; Orphic fr. 20 IV Bernabé (I p. 35) [= <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i> 1091<sup>b</sup> 4]; see also Orphic fr. 20 III Bernabé (I p. 35) [= <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i> 1072<sup>a</sup> 7].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">p. 95</a>; Orphic fr. 20 V (I p. 35) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/98/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 28a Kern</a> = <a href="/wiki/John_the_Lydian" title="John the Lydian">John the Lydian</a>, <i>De Mensibus</i> 2.8].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">p. 95</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">p. 95</a>; Alderink, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/creationsalvatio0000alde/page/36/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 37, table 3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, pp. 117–9. West takes this genealogy from <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Timaeus_(dialogue)" title="Timaeus (dialogue)">Timaeus</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/plato-philosopher_timaeus/1929/pb_LCL234.87.xml">40e (pp. 86, 87)</a> [= fr. 21 Bernabé (I p. 36) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/88/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 16 Kern</a>], which contains the same sequence of generations, excluding Night. West explains the absence of Night from the passage by arguing that in the <i>Timaeus</i> "night cannot be a god, being merely something produced by the earth's shadow and a unit of time".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1">p. 1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37">p. 37</a>; Bernabé 2018, p. 350; Brisson 1995, I pp. 399–400; cf. West, p. 86, who considers Phanes the first deity.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2018, p. 350.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2018, p. 350; Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70">p. 70</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orphic fr. 10 I Bernabé (I p. 21) [= <a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a>, col. 14.6 (Kouremenos, Parássoglou, and Tsantsanoglou, pp. 133)]. The translation used here is that given by Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70">p. 70</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé and Cristobal, p. 88 argue that the use of the matronymic <i>Οὐρανὸς Εὐφρονίδης</i> ("son of Night") in reference to Uranus precludes the existence of a father; Almqvist, p. 87, however, is sceptical of this.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Almqvist, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA82">p. 82</a>; Orphic fr. 6 I Bernabé (I p. 16) [= <a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a>, col. 10.9–12 (Kouremenos, Parássoglou and Tsantsanoglou, pp. 80–1)].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA68">p. 68</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2007, pp. 104–5; Orphic fr. 6 Bernabé (I pp. 16–7).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA69">69</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA71">71</a>. Bernabé 2007, pp. 107–8 and Betegh, p. 121 see it as Uranus's phallus which Zeus swallows, while West, pp. 86–8 takes it to be the body of Phanes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmonds, pp. 228–9; Almqvist, p. 87; Betegh, p. 168; West, p. 87; Santamaría, p. 375.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 168; Almqvist, p. 87. Gaia is described as coming into existence after only <a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a>, and produces Uranus without a father; see <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:104-138">117</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:104-138">126–7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmonds, p. 228–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, pp. 87–8; Betegh, p. 146. For the prophecy delivered by Gaia and Uranus, see <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:886-900">886–900</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Betegh, p. 146; see also Almqvist, p. 87. For Gaia being given the newborn Zeus, see <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491">479</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1">p. 1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA205">p. 205</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA178">p. 178</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA178">p. 178</a>; Orphic fr. 107 I Bernabé (I pp. 115–6). In Orphic fr. 97T Bernabé (I pp. 104–5), Malalas similarly states that Night exists in the beginning, alongside Chronos, Aether, and Chaos. See also Orphic fr. 107 III Bernabé (I p. 116).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206">p. 206</a>; Orphic fr. 112 II Bernabé (I p. 121).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orphic fr. 123 I Bernabé (I pp. 128–9). According to Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA195">p. 195</a>, Night is "the only one who can handle looking at him", while West, p. 70 states that he is "invisible except to Night".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">p. 208</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">p. 208</a>; Orphic frr. 163 (I p. 153) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/162/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 97 Kern</a>], 164 II (I p. 154) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/168/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 105 Kern</a>] Bernabé.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">p. 208</a>; Orphic frr. 148 IV (I p. 145) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/164/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 98 Kern</a>], 164 I [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/166/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 104 Kern</a>] Bernabé.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168">p. 168</a>; Betegh, p. 141; Orphic fr. 147 I Bernabé (I p. 144).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA169">p. 169</a>; Orphic fr. 149 I Bernabé (I p. 146); see also Orphic fr. 174 I Bernabé (I p. 158), which calls Uranus the son of Night. The relationship between Uranus and Gaia is described as the first marriage, while that between Phanes and Night is not; see Betegh, p. 119; West, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168">pp. 168–9</a>; Orphic frr. 98T I (I p. 105), II (I pp. 105–6), V (I p. 106), 174 (I p. 158) Bernabé. West, pp. 234–5 characterises the reign of Nyx as "entirely eventless".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, p. 71; Chrysanthou, p. 360; Orphic frr. 98T III (I p. 106), IV (I p. 106), 168 I (I p. 156) Bernabé.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chrysanthou, p. 311; West, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA205">p. 205</a>; Orphic fr. 112 I Bernabé (I p. 121).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206">p. 206</a>; Orphic fr. 112 II Bernabé (I . 121).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206">p. 206</a>; Orphic frr. 182 I (I p. 166), II (I p. 166) Bernabé.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">208</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA216">216</a>; Orphic fr. 209 I (I pp. 181–2), fr. 211 (I p. 183) Bernabé.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">p. 208</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson, V p. 61; West, p. 72; Orphic fr. 219 Bernabé (I p. 188).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA207">207</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA216">216–7</a>; Edmonds, p. 234; Orphic fr. 220 Bernabé (I p. 189).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206">206</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA221">221</a>; Brisson 1995, V p. 62; cf. West, p. 72, who places this during the same consultation in which Night advises him to bind Cronus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orphic fr. 237 Bernabé (I pp. 197–9). The translation used here is that given by Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA221">p. 221</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA222">p. 222</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson 1995, V p. 64; West, p. 73; Orphic fr. 247 II Bernabé (I p. 216) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/196/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 160 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson, V p. 64; West, p. 73; Orphic fr. 251 Bernabé (I p. 218).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orphic fr. 113 Bernabé (I p. 201). The translation used here is that given by Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA201">p. 201</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ramnoux, pp. 231–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA202">pp. 202–4</a>; Bernabé 2004, pp. 115–21, 142–54, 156–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernabé 2004, p. 121 on fr. 112, p. 121 on fr. 113, p. 129 on fr. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA203">p. 203</a>; Orphic fr. 148 I Bernabé (I p. 145) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/164/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 99 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206">p. 206</a>; Bernabé 2004, p. 144 on fr. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brisson 1997, pp. 85, 87. He claims that this explains why the relationship between Uranus and Gaia is called the first marriage; as Phanes and Night are two aspects of the same being, intercourse between them cannot be considered "marriage".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA202">202</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA204">204</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA202">p. 202</a>; Orphic fr. 113 V Bernabé (I p. 122) [= <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/164/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 99 Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> to Night</i> (3), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/6/mode/2up?view=theater">1–2 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, pp. 6–7)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ramnoux, p. 250; <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> to Night</i> (3), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/6/mode/2up?view=theater">2 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, pp. 6–7)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Orpheus to Musaeus</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/4/mode/2up?view=theater">24 (Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 4)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meisner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172">p. 172</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">West, pp. 99–100; <i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Argonautica" title="Orphic Argonautica">Orphic Argonautica</a></i>, 28 (Vian, p. 76) [= Orphic fr. 238 Bernabé (I p. 200) = <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orphicorumfragme00orphuoft/page/64/mode/2up?view=theater">fr. 224T Kern</a>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Papastavrou, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20VI-1%20Kentauroi%20et%20Kentaurides-O%C4%B1ax/page/n577/mode/2up">p. 941</a>; <i>Oxford Classical Dictionary</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordclassicald0000unse_w0u7/page/1056/mode/2up?view=theater">s.v. Nyx, p. 1056</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Brill%27s_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/nyx-e827340">s.v. Nyx</a> (Selene, Eos, Artemis); Hurwit, p. 530 (Selene); Papastavrou, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20VI-1%20Kentauroi%20et%20Kentaurides-O%C4%B1ax/page/n577/mode/2up">p. 941</a> (Eos).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shapiro, p. 132; <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:5.18.1">5.18.1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">p. 909</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferrari, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC&pg=PA40">p. 40</a>; Karusu, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">906</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">909</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">LIMC</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-747162b6cd15f-2">14520 (Astra 3)</a>; <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/254196">41.162.29</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">p. 909</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferrari, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC&pg=PA39">p. 39</a>; Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">p. 907</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">LIMC</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-745fb3655f076-8">13274 (Astra 8)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parisinou, p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karusu, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">906</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">909</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">LIMC</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-7565ed9ad5134-2">31765 (Astra 5)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karusu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/page/n465/mode/2up">p. 909</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Honan, p. 29. The figure has also been identified as <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a>; see Ridgway, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6Jj6rcIup4C&pg=PA57">p. 57 n. 51 to p. 36</a>. According to Honan, the snake is symbolic of the constellation Hydra, which Nyx pulls from the sky during the battle.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Papastavrou, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20VI-1%20Kentauroi%20et%20Kentaurides-O%C4%B1ax/page/n577/mode/2up">p. 941</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Athanassakis and Wolkow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/76/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 77</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Athanassakis and Wolkow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/76/mode/2up?view=theater">p. 77</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.40.6">1.40.6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fontenrose, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA396">p. 396</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fontenrose, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC&pg=PA395">p. 395</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernert, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elexikon.ch/RE/XVII,2_1669">p. 1670</a>; <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Moralia" title="Moralia">Moralia</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/plutarch-delays_divine_vengeance/1959/pb_LCL405.289.xml">566 C</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1MR5gQh5rccC&pg=PA1">p. 1</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:10.38.6">10.38.6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/ovid-fasti/1931/pb_LCL253.33.xml">1.445 (pp. 32, 33)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Latin_poem)" title="Thebaid (Latin poem)">Thebaid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/statius-thebaid/2004/pb_LCL207.77.xml">1.507 (pp. 76, 77)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/virgil-aeneid/1916/pb_LCL063.549.xml">6.249–50 (pp. 548, 549)</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon_(play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agamemnon (play)">Agamemnon</a></i> in <i>Aeschylus, with an English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth, Ph. D. in two volumes</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1926. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0085.tlg005.perseus-eng1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eumenides" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eumenides">Eumenides</a></i> in <i>Oresteia: Agamemnon. Libation-Bearers. Eumenides</i>, edited and translated by Alan H. Sommerstein, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 146, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2009. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99628-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99628-1">978-0-674-99628-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL146/2009/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Alderink, Larry J., <i>Creation and Salvation in Ancient Orphism</i>, Chico, Scolars Press, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/creationsalvatio0000alde/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Almqvist, Olaf, <i>Chaos, Cosmos and Creation in Early Greek Theogonies: An Ontological Exploration</i>, London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-350-22184-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-350-22184-0">978-1-350-22184-0</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i>, edited and translated by William H. Race, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 1, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99630-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99630-4">978-0-674-99630-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL001/2009/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolos_Athanassakis" title="Apostolos Athanassakis">Athanassakis, Apostolos N.</a>, and Benjamin M. Wolkow, <i>The Orphic Hymns</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0882-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0882-8">978-1-4214-0882-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(play)" title="The Birds (play)">Birds</a></i> in <i>Birds. Lysistrata. Women at the Thesmophoria</i>, edited and translated by Jeffrey Henderson, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 179, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99587-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99587-1">978-0-674-99587-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL179/2000/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoriazusae" title="Thesmophoriazusae">Thesmophoriazusae</a></i> in <i>The Complete Greek Drama, vol. 2</i>, edited and translated by Eugene O'Neill Jr., New York, Random House, 1938. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Aristoph.+Thes.+1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Arnim" title="Hans von Arnim">Arnim, Hans von</a>, <i>Stoicorum veterum fragmenta</i>, Volume II, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Teubneriana" title="Bibliotheca Teubneriana">Bibliotheca Teubneriana</a>, Stuttgart, Teubner, 1964. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110955019">Online version at De Gruyter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stoicorumveterum02arniuoft/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <i>The Learned Banqueters, Volume V: Books 10.420e-11</i>, edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 274, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99632-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99632-8">978-0-674-99632-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL274/2009/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Barringer, Judith M., <i>Divine Escorts: Nereids in Archaic and Classical Greek Art</i>, Michigan, University of Michigan Press, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-10418-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-10418-5">978-0-472-10418-5</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto (2004), <i>Poetae epici Graeci: Testimonia et fragmenta, Pars II: Orphicorum et Orphicis similium testimonia, Fasc 1</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Teubneriana" title="Bibliotheca Teubneriana">Bibliotheca Teubneriana</a>, Munich and Leipzig, K. G. Saur Verlag, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-598-71707-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-598-71707-9">978-3-598-71707-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110943702">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto (2005), <i>Poetae epici Graeci: Testimonia et fragmenta, Pars II: Orphicorum et Orphicis similium testimonia et fragmenta, Fasc 2</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Teubneriana" title="Bibliotheca Teubneriana">Bibliotheca Teubneriana</a>, Munich and Leipzig, K. G. Saur Verlag, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-598-71708-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-598-71708-6">978-3-598-71708-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110918915">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto (2007), "The Derveni Theogony: Many Questions and Some Answers", in <i>Harvard Studies in Classical Philology</i>, Vol. 103, pp. 99–133. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30032220">30032220</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto (2018), "'Decoding' a literary text. The commentary of Derveni", in <i>Trends in Classics</i>, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 338–366. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/tc-2018-0025">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto (2019), "The Commentary of the Derveni Papyrus: Pre-Socratic Cosmogonies at Work", in <i>The Derveni Papyrus: Unearthing Ancient Mysteries</i>, pp. 108–125, edited by Marco Antonio Santamaria, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, 2019. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-004-38484-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-004-38484-2">978-9-004-38484-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/39317">Online version at Brill</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto, and Ana. I. Jiménez Cristóbal, "Are the "Orphic" gold leaves Orphic?" in <i>The "Orphic" Gold Tablets and Greek Religion: Further along the path</i>, edited by Radcliffe G. Edmonds, Cambridge University Press, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-51831-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-51831-4">978-0-521-51831-4</a>.</li> <li>Bernabé, Alberto, and Fransec Casadesús, <i>Orfeo y la tradición órfica</i>, Madrid, Akal, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-446-01896-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-446-01896-4">978-8-446-01896-4</a>.</li> <li>Bernert, E., "Nyx", <i><a href="/wiki/Realencyclop%C3%A4die_der_classischen_Altertumswissenschaft" title="Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft">Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft</a></i>, Band XVII, Halbband 2, Stuttgart, J. B. Metzler, 1937.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_Betegh" title="Gábor Betegh">Betegh, Gábor</a>, <i>The Derveni Papryrus: Cosmology, Theology and Interpretation</i>, Cambridge University Press, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80108-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80108-9">978-0-521-80108-9</a>.</li> <li>Bolton, J. D. P., <i>Aristeas of Proconnesus</i>, <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a> Oxford, 1962. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-814332-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-814332-X">0-19-814332-X</a>.</li> <li>Bremmer, Jan (2008), <i>Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible and the Ancient Near East</i>, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16473-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16473-4">978-90-04-16473-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/title/14599">Online version at Brill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTfxZH4QnqgC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Bremmer, Jan (2011), "The Place of Performance of Orphic Poetry (<i>OF</i> 1)", in <i>Tracing Orpheus: Studies of Orphic Fragments</i>, pp. 1–6, edited by Miguel Herrero de Jáuregui et al., <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-26053-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-26053-3">978-3-110-26053-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110260533">Online version at De Gruyter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4tDMNaqKfIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><i>Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. Antiquity, Volume 9</i>, Mini-Obe, editors: Hubert Cancik, Helmuth Schneider, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12272-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12272-7">978-90-04-12272-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/brill-s-new-pauly">Online version at Brill</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Brisson" title="Luc Brisson">Brisson, Luc</a> (1995), <i>Orphée et l'Orphisme dans l'Antiquité gréco-romaine</i>, Aldershot, Variorum, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86078-453-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-86078-453-3">0-86078-453-3</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Brisson" title="Luc Brisson">Brisson, Luc</a> (1997), <i>Le Sexe incertain: Androgynie et hermaphrodisme dans l'Antiquite greco-romaine</i>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Les_Belles_Lettres" title="Les Belles Lettres">Les Belles Lettres</a>, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-251-32445-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-251-32445-6">978-2-251-32445-6</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert, Walter</a>, "Parmenides' Proem and Pythagoras' Descent", in <i>Philosophy and Salvation in Greek Religion</i>, pp. 85–116, edited by Vishwa Adluri, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-27635-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-27635-0">978-3-110-27635-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110276381">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Calame, Claude, "Eros initiatique et la cosmogonie orphique", in <i>Orphisme et Orphée: en l'honneur de Jean Rudhardt</i>, pp. 227–45, Geneva, Librairie Droz, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-600-04359-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-600-04359-5">978-2-600-04359-5</a>.</li> <li>Caldwell, Richard, <i>Hesiod's Theogony</i>, Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Company (June 1, 1987). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2">978-0-941051-00-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesiodstheogony00hesi/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Campbell, David A., <i>Greek Lyric, Volume II: Anacreon, Anacreontea, Choral Lyric from Olympus to Alcman</i>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 143, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99158-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99158-3">978-0-674-99158-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL143/1988/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Campbell, David A., <i>Greek Lyric, Volume III: Stesichorus, Ibycus, Simonides, and Others</i>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 476, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674995253" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674995253">978-0674995253</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL476/1991/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Campbell, David A., <i>Greek Lyric, Volume IV: Bacchylides, Corinna</i>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 461, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99508-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99508-6">978-0-674-99508-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL461/1992/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Campbell, David A., <i>Greek Lyric, Volume V: The New School of Poetry and Anonymous Songs and Hymns</i>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 144, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99559-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99559-8">978-0-674-99559-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL144/1993/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero, Marcus Tullius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Natura_Deorum" title="De Natura Deorum">De Natura Deorum</a></i> in <i>Cicero: On the Nature of the Gods. Academics</i>, translated by H. Rackham, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 268, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, first published 1933, revised 1951. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99296-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99296-2">978-0-674-99296-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL268/1933/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/denaturadeorumac00ciceuoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Chrysanthou, Anthi, <i>Defining Orphism: The Beliefs, the Teletae and the Writings</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2020. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-67839-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-67839-0">978-3-110-67839-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110678451">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Bernard_Cook" title="Arthur Bernard Cook">Cook, Arthur Bernard</a> (1925b), <i>Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion, Volume II: Zeus God of the Dark Sky (Thunder and Lightning), Part II: Appendixes and Index</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1925. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/p2zeusstudyinanc02cookuoft/page/n7/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Alexander_Diels" title="Hermann Alexander Diels">Diels, Hermann A.</a>, <i>Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker</i>, Volume II, Berlin, Weidmann, 1912. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diefragmenteder02diel/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Edmonds, Radcliffe G., "Deviant Origins: Hesiod's <i>Theogony</i> and the Orphica", in <i>The Oxford Handbook of Hesiod</i>, pp. 225–42, edited by Alexander C. Loney and Stephen Scully, Oxford University Press, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-020903-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-020903-2">978-0-19-020903-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i>Fragments: Aegeus-Meleager</i>, edited and translated by Christopher Collard and Martin Cropp, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 504, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99625-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99625-0">978-0-674-99625-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL504/2008/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i>Fragments: Oedipus-Chrysippus: Other Fragments</i>, edited and translated by Christopher Collard and Martin Cropp, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 506, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99631-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99631-1">978-0-674-99631-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL506/2009/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Herakles_(Euripides)" title="Herakles (Euripides)">Herakles</a></i> in <i>Suppliant Women. Electra. Heracles</i>, edited and translated by David Kovacs, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 9, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99566-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99566-6">978-0-674-99566-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL009/1998/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a></i> in <i>Trojan Women. Iphigenia among the Taurians. Ion</i>, edited and translated by David Kovacs, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 10, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99574-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99574-1">978-0-674-99574-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL010/1999/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Orestes_(play)" title="Orestes (play)">Orestes</a></i> in <i>Helen, Phoenician Women, Orestes</i>, edited and translated by David Kovacs, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 11, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99600-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99600-7">978-0-674-99600-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL011/2002/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Ferrari, Gloria, <i>Alcman and the Cosmos of Sparta</i>, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-66867-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-66867-3">978-0-226-66867-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oXbG_4TRs8QC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Eddy_Fontenrose" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Eddy Fontenrose">Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy</a> (1959), <i>Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, 1959. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04091-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04091-5">978-0-520-04091-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wqeVv09Y6hIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fowler_(academic)" title="Robert Fowler (academic)">Fowler, R. L.</a> (2000), <i>Early Greek Mythography: Volume 1: Text and Introduction</i>, Oxford University Press, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198147404" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198147404">978-0198147404</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fowler_(academic)" title="Robert Fowler (academic)">Fowler, R. L.</a> (2013), <i>Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary</i>, Oxford University Press, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-198-14741-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-198-14741-1">978-0-198-14741-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Gantz, <i>Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9">978-0-8018-5360-9</a> (Vol. 1), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3">978-0-8018-5362-3</a> (Vol. 2).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Grimal" title="Pierre Grimal">Grimal, Pierre</a>, <i>The Dictionary of Classical Mythology</i>, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-20102-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-20102-1">978-0-631-20102-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Hard, Robin, <i>The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"</i>, Psychology Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415186360" title="Special:BookSources/9780415186360">9780415186360</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i>, in <i>The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>; London, William Heinemann Ltd., 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesiodhomerichym00hesiuoft/page/78/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i>, in <i>Hesiod, Theogony, Works and Days, Testimonia</i>, edited and translated by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_W._Most" title="Glenn W. Most">Glenn W. Most</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 57, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99720-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99720-2">978-0-674-99720-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL057/2018/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i>The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes</i>. Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Honan, Mary McMahon, <i>Guide to the Pergamon Museum</i>, De Gruyter, 1904. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-112-39933-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-112-39933-0">978-3-112-39933-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112399347">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Hurwit, Jeffrey M., "Helios Rising: The Sun, the Moon, and the Sea in the Sculptures of the Parthenon", in <i><a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Archaeology" title="American Journal of Archaeology">American Journal of Archaeology</a></i>, Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 527–58. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3764/aja.121.4.0527">10.3764/aja.121.4.0527</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus, Gaius Julius</a>, <i>Hygini Fabulae</i>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Jennings_Rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Jennings Rose">Herbert Jennings Rose</a>, Leiden, Sijthoff, 1934. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://latin.packhum.org/loc/1263/1/0">Online version at Packhum</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Janko" title="Richard Janko">Janko, Richard</a>, <i>The Iliad: A Commentary. Volume IV: books 13–16</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-28174-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-28174-4">978-0-521-28174-4</a>.</li> <li>Karusu, Semni, "Astra", in <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae</a> (LIMC)</i> II.1., Zürich and Munich, Artemis Verlag, 1984. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7608-8751-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-7608-8751-1">3-7608-8751-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20II-1/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Kassel, Rudolf, and Colin Austin, <i>Poetae Comici Graeci. Volumen 2: Agathenor – Aristonymus</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-12840-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-12840-6">978-3-110-12840-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110888058">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Keightley, Thomas, <i>The Mythology of Ancient Greece and Italy</i>, London, G. Bell and Sons, 1877. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JxQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Kotwick, Mirjam E., "Reconstructing Ancient Constructions of the Orphic <i>Theogony</i>: Aristotle, Syrianus and Michael of Ephesus on Orpheus' Succession of the First Gods", in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Classical_Quarterly" class="mw-redirect" title="The Classical Quarterly">The Classical Quarterly</a></i>, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 75–90. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26546286">26546286</a>.</li> <li>Kouremenos, Theokritos, George M. Parássoglou, and Kyriakos Tsantsanoglou, <i>The Derveni Papyrus</i>, Firenze, Leo S. Olschki Editore, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-82225-567-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-82225-567-9">978-8-82225-567-9</a>.</li> <li>Kovaleva, Irina, "Eros at the Panathenaea: personification of what?", in <i>Personification in the Greek World: From Antiquity to Byzantium</i>, pp. 135–43, edited by Emma Stafford and Judith Herrin, Ashgate, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-754-65031-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-754-65031-7">978-0-754-65031-7</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Lattimore" title="Richmond Lattimore">Lattimore, Richmond</a>, <i>The Iliad of Homer</i>, University of Chicago Press, Chicago & London, 1951. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-46940-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-46940-9">0-226-46940-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/iliadofhome00home/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_George_Liddell" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry George Liddell">Liddell, Henry George</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)" title="Robert Scott (philologist)">Robert Scott</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Greek-English_Lexicon" class="mw-redirect" title="A Greek-English Lexicon">A Greek-English Lexicon</a></i>, revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie, <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a> Oxford, 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=E61EDD48E4F1A22F839AA4DC149C0955?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0057">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, <i>Alexandra</i> in <i>Callimachus, Lycophron, Aratus, Hymns and Epigrams. Lycophron: Alexandra. Aratus: Phaenomena</i>, translated by A. W. Mair and G. R. Mair, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 129, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1921. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99143-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99143-9">978-0-674-99143-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL129/1921/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Meisner, Dwayne A., <i>Orphic Tradition and the Birth of the Gods</i>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-190-66352-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-190-66352-0">978-0-190-66352-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/oso/9780190663520.001.0001/oso-9780190663520">Online version at Oxford University Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgJfDwAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Miller, Mitchell, "The Reception of Hesiod by the Early Pre-Socratics", in <i>The Oxford Handbook of Hesiod</i>, pp. 207–25, edited by Alexander C. Loney and Stephen Scully, Oxford University Press, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-020903-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-020903-2">978-0-19-020903-2</a>.</li> <li>Morand, Anne-France, <i>Études sur les Hymnes Orphiques</i>, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-900-4-12030-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-900-4-12030-3">978-900-4-12030-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/7182">Online version at Brill</a>.</li> <li>Murray, A. S., "Remains of Archaic Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. Plates III., IV.", in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_Hellenic_Studies" title="The Journal of Hellenic Studies">The Journal of Hellenic Studies</a></i>, Vol. 10, pp. 1–10. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/623583">623583</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>, Volume II: Books 16–35</i>, translated by <a href="/wiki/W._H._D._Rouse" title="W. H. D. Rouse">W. H. D. Rouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 345, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1940. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99391-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99391-4">978-0-674-99391-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL354/1940/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca02nonnuoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive (1940)</a>.</li> <li>Obbink, Dirk, "56. Orphism, Cosmogony, and Genealogy (Mus. fr. 14)", in <i>Tracing Orpheus: Studies of Orphic Fragments</i>, pp. 351–3, edited by Miguel Herrero de Jáuregui et al., <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-26053-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-26053-3">978-3-110-26053-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110260533">Online version at De Gruyter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4tDMNaqKfIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Classical_Dictionary" title="Oxford Classical Dictionary">Oxford Classical Dictionary</a></i>, revised third edition, Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth (editors), <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9">0-19-860641-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordclassicald0000unse_w0u7/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Ovid's Fasti</a></i>, translated by James G. Frazer, revised by G. P. Goold, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 253, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1931 (first published), 1996 (reprinted with corrections). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99279-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99279-5">978-0-674-99279-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL253/1931/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a>, Volume I: Books 1-8</i>, translated by Frank Justus Miller, revised by G. P. Goold, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 42, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1977, first published 1916. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99046-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99046-3">978-0-674-99046-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL042/1916/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Page" title="Denys Page">Page, Denys Lionel, Sir</a>, <i>Poetae Melici Graeci</i>, Oxford University Press, 1962. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-198-14333-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-198-14333-8">978-0-198-14333-8</a>.</li> <li>Papastavrou, Helen, "Nyx", in <i><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Iconographicum_Mythologiae_Classicae" title="Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae">Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae</a> (LIMC)</i> VI.1., Zürich and Munich, Artemis Verlag, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7608-8751-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-7608-8751-1">3-7608-8751-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limc_20210516/Lexicon%20Iconographicum%20Mythologiae%20Classicae/LIMC%20VI-1%20Kentauroi%20et%20Kentaurides-O%C4%B1ax/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Parada, Carlos, <i>Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology</i>, Jonsered, Paul Åströms Förlag, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-7081-062-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-91-7081-062-6">978-91-7081-062-6</a>.</li> <li>Parisinou, Eva, "Brightness personified: light and divine image in ancient Greece", in <i>Personification in the Greek World: From Antiquity to Byzantium</i>, pp. 29–44, edited by Emma Stafford and Judith Herrin, Ashgate, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-754-65031-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-754-65031-7">978-0-754-65031-7</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd., 1918. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Thurston_Peck" title="Harry Thurston Peck">Peck, Harry Thurston</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Harpers_Dictionary_of_Classical_Antiquities" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities">Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities</a></i>, New York, Harper and Brothers, 1898. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0062">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Timaeus_(dialogue)" title="Timaeus (dialogue)">Timaeus</a></i> in <i>Timaeus. Critias. Cleitophon. Menexenus. Epistles</i>, translated by R. G. Bury, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 234, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1929. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99257-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99257-3">978-0-674-99257-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL234/1929/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Moralia" title="Moralia">Moralia</a>, Volume VII: On Love of Wealth. On Compliancy. On Envy and Hate. On Praising Oneself Inoffensively. On the Delays of the Divine Vengeance. On Fate. On the Sign of Socrates. On Exile. Consolation to His Wife</i>, translated by Phillip H. De Lacy and Benedict Einarson, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 405, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1959. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99446-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99446-1">978-0-674-99446-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL405/1959/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Pucci, Pietro, <i>The Iliad – the Poem of Zeus</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-110-60137-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-110-60137-4">978-3-110-60137-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110602456">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li>Ramnoux, Clémence, <i>La Nuit et les Enfants de la Nuit dans la tradition grecque</i>, Flammarion, 1959.</li> <li>Ridgway, Brunilde Sismondo (2000), <i>Hellenistic Sculpture II: The Styles of ca. 200-100 B.C.</i>, University of Wisconsin Press, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-15470-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-15470-7">978-0-299-15470-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hellenisticsculp0002ridg/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6Jj6rcIup4C">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Santamaría, Marco Antonio, "Our Co(s)mic Origins: Theogonies in Greek Comedy", in <i>Archiv für Religionsgeschichte</i>, Vol. 21–22, No. 1, pp. 369–86. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/arege-2020-0019">Online version at De Gruyter</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hercules_(Seneca)" title="Hercules (Seneca)">Hercules</a></i> in <i>Tragedies, Volume I: Hercules. Trojan Women. Phoenician Women. Medea. Phaedra</i>, edited and translated by John G. Fitch, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 61, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99717-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99717-2">978-0-674-99717-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL062/2018/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li>Shapiro, Harvey Alan, <i>Personifications in Greek Art: The Representation of Abstract Concepts, 600-400 B.C.</i>, Akanthus, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-905-08305-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-905-08305-7">978-3-905-08305-7</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Scott R., and Stephen M. Trzaskoma, <i>Apollodorus' </i>Library<i> and Hyginus' </i>Fabulae<i>: Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology</i>, Hackett Publishing, Indianapolis/Cambridge, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87220-821-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87220-821-6">978-0-87220-821-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vczTNMWLGdoC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, <i>Quintus Smyrnaeus: The Fall of Troy</i>, translated by A.S. Way, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1913. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>, London (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0104">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid" title="Thebaid">Thebaid</a>, Volume I: Thebaid: Books 1-7</i>, edited and translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 207, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01208-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01208-0">978-0-674-01208-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL207/2004/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, <i>Idylls</i> in <i>Theocritus. Moschus. Bion</i>, edited and translated by Neil Hopkinson, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 28, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99644-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99644-1">978-0-674-99644-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL028/2015/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibullus" title="Tibullus">Tibullus</a>, <i>Elegies</i> in <i>Catullus. Tibullus. Pervigilium Veneris</i>, translated by F. W. Cornish, J. P. Postgate, J. W. Mackail, revised by G. P. Goold, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 6, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1913. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99007-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99007-4">978-0-674-99007-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL006/1913/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Tripp" title="Edward Tripp">Tripp, Edward</a>, <i>Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology</i>, Thomas Y. Crowell Co; First edition (June 1970). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-690-22608-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-690-22608-X">0-690-22608-X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes, John</a>, <i>Scolia eis Lycophroon</i>, edited by Christian Gottfried Müller, Sumtibus F.C.G. Vogelii, 1811. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaakioukaiiann00mlgoog/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Verhelst, Berenice, <i>Direct Speech in Nonnus' Dionysiaca: Narrative and Rhetorical Functions of the Characters' "Varied" and "Many-faceted" Words</i>, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-004-33465-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-004-33465-6">978-9-004-33465-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/33713">Online version at Brill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbhRDQAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Vian, Francis, <i>Les Argonautiques orphiques</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Collection_Bud%C3%A9" title="Collection Budé">Collection Budé</a></i>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Les_Belles_Lettres" title="Les Belles Lettres">Les Belles Lettres</a>, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-25100-389-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-25100-389-4">978-2-25100-389-4</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a>: Books 1-6</i> in <i>Eclogues. Georgics. Aeneid: Books 1-6</i>, translated by H. Rushton Fairclough, revised by G. P. Goold, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 63, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1916. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99583-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99583-3">978-0-674-99583-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL063/1916/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i>, edited and translated by Theodore C. Williams, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1910. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.perseus-eng2">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Litchfield_West" title="Martin Litchfield West">West, M. L.</a>, <i>The Orphic Poems</i>, <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a> Oxford, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814854-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814854-8">978-0-19-814854-8</a>.</li> <li>Wendel, Carl (1914), <i>Scholia in Theocritum vetera</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Teubneriana" title="Bibliotheca Teubneriana">Bibliotheca Teubneriana</a>, Leipzig, Teubner, 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scholiaintheocr00wendgoog/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110979619">Online version at De Gruyter (1966 reprint)</a>.</li> <li>Wendel, Carl (1999), <i>Scholia in Apollonium Rhodium vetera</i>, Hildesheim, Weidmann, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-615-15400-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-615-15400-9">978-3-615-15400-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0lkhbarJcukC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Westermann, Anton, <i>Mythographoi: Scriptores poeticae historiae graeci</i>, Brunswick, 1843. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mythographoiscri00westuoft/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Xenis, Georgios A., <i>Scholia vetera in Sophoclis "Oedipum Coloneum"</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044733-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044733-0">978-3-11-044733-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110457322">Online version at De Gruyter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3HBLDwAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyx&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_religion" title="Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_religion" title="Template talk:Greek religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Religion_and_religious_practice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a> and religious practice</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Main beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_accounts_of_Homer" title="Ancient accounts of Homer">Ancient accounts of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">Apotheosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon">Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">Euhemerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunoia" title="Eunoia">Eunoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)" title="Golden mean (philosophy)">Golden mean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule" title="Golden Rule">Golden Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">Greek words for love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod#Classical" title="Demigod">Hemitheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Interpretatio graeca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">Katabasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleos" title="Kleos">Kleos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Know_thyself" title="Know thyself">Know thyself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholepsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoxography" title="Paradoxography">Paradoxography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-state_patron_gods" title="Greek city-state patron gods">Patron gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_madness#Ancient_Greece_and_Rome:_theia_mania" title="Divine madness">Theia mania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Texts / <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odes</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aethiopis" title="Aethiopis">Aethiopis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliupersis" title="Iliupersis">Iliupersis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Iliad" title="Little Iliad">Little Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nostoi" title="Nostoi">Nostoi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telegony" title="Telegony">Telegony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theban_Cycle" title="Theban Cycle">Theban Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipodea" title="Oedipodea">Oedipodea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Greek_poem)" title="Thebaid (Greek poem)">Thebaid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epigoni_(epic)" title="Epigoni (epic)">Epigoni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmeonis" title="Alcmeonis">Alcmeonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretalogy" title="Aretalogy">Aretalogy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Verses" title="Golden Verses"><i>Golden Verses</i> of Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Homerica">Homerica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_Dreams_(Antiphon)" title="Interpretation of Dreams (Antiphon)">Interpretation of Dreams</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Graecus_Holmiensis" title="Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis">Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibylline_Books" title="Sibylline Books">Sibylline Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Astrampsychi" title="Sortes Astrampsychi">Sortes Astrampsychi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Religions of the ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expressions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atheism#Classical_antiquity" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism#Hellenistic_religion" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism#Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism#Ancient_Greece" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Historiography of Christianization of the Roman Empire">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy">Relationship with Greek philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism#Late_Antiquity" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric</a> systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy#Hellenistic_Egypt" title="Alchemy">Early alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretic" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncretic">Syncretic</a> religions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_in_legend#Deified_Alexander" title="Alexander the Great in legend">Alexander</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_cult_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Ptolemaic cult of Alexander the Great">Ptolemaic cult</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)#Religious_issues" title="Julian (emperor)">Religious views of emperor Julian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mystery religions<br />and sacred mysteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbrian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries#Samothracian_Mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Samothracian Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feraferia" title="Feraferia">Feraferia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship <br />/ rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arotoi_Hieroi" title="Arotoi Hieroi">Arotoi Hieroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalomancy" title="Astragalomancy">Astragalomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptes" title="Baptes">Baptes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daduchos" title="Daduchos">Daduchos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_oration_(ancient_Greece)" title="Funeral oration (ancient Greece)">Funeral oration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Greco-Roman mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroon" class="mw-redirect" title="Heroon">Heroon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">Hieros gamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymns_in_ancient_Greek" title="Category:Hymns in ancient Greek">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubation_(ritual)" title="Incubation (ritual)">Incubation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">Komos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophagia" title="Omophagia">Omophagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgia" title="Orgia">Orgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panegyris" title="Panegyris">Panegyris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecatomb" title="Hecatomb">Hecatomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)#Greek_sacrifice" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmakos" title="Pharmakos">Pharmakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_league" title="Amphictyonic league">Amphictyonic league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archon_basileus" title="Archon basileus">Archon basileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilinna" title="Basilinna">Basilinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerarai" title="Gerarai">Gerarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiereiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiereiai">Hiereiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophant" title="Hierophant">Hierophant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hierophylakes" title="Hierophylakes">Hierophylakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatromantis" title="Iatromantis">Iatromantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanephoros" title="Kanephoros">Kanephoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystagogue" title="Mystagogue">Mystagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baetyl" title="Baetyl">Baetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture#Cult_images" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Cult image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chryselephantine_statue" class="mw-redirect" title="Chryselephantine statue">Chryselephantine statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">Xoanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_terracotta_figurines" title="Greek terracotta figurines">Greek terracotta figurines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kykeon" title="Kykeon">Kykeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalos" title="Omphalos">Omphalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_amphora" title="Panathenaic amphora">Panathenaic amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrificial_tripod" title="Sacrificial tripod">Sacrificial tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre#Greco-Roman_world" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymiaterion" title="Thymiaterion">Thymiaterion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Graeco-Roman_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic in the Graeco-Roman world">Magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_tablet" title="Curse tablet">Curse tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy#Antiquity" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia_(Greco-Roman_magic)" title="Philia (Greco-Roman magic)">Philia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals <br />/ feasts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonia" title="Adonia">Adonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrionia" title="Agrionia">Agrionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apellai" title="Apellai">Apellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apaturia" title="Apaturia">Apaturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisia" title="Aphrodisia">Aphrodisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrhephoria" title="Arrhephoria">Arrhephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascolia" title="Ascolia">Ascolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendidia" title="Bendidia">Bendidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boedromia" title="Boedromia">Boedromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphonia" title="Buphonia">Buphonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Chalceia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilichios" title="Meilichios">Diasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_(festival)" title="Delia (festival)">Delia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinia" title="Delphinia">Delphinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdysia" title="Ecdysia">Ecdysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelia" title="Gamelia">Gamelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Heracleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaea_(festival)" title="Hermaea (festival)">Hermaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieromenia" title="Hieromenia">Hieromenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenaia" title="Lenaia">Lenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesia_on_the_Maeander" title="Magnesia on the Maeander">Leucophryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykaia" title="Lykaia">Lykaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metageitnia" title="Metageitnia">Metageitnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichia_(festival)" title="Munichia (festival)">Munichia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oschophoria" title="Oschophoria">Oschophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamboeotia" title="Pamboeotia">Pamboeotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandia_(festival)" title="Pandia (festival)">Pandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plynteria" title="Plynteria">Plynteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaieia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaieia">Ptolemaieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoikia" title="Synoikia">Synoikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(festival)" title="Soteria (festival)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauropolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauropolia">Tauropolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">Agon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhieia" title="Rhieia">Rhieia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuaries">sanctuaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepieion" title="Asclepieion">Asclepieion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinion" title="Delphinion">Delphinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraeum" title="Mithraeum">Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum" title="Nymphaeum">Nymphaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panionium" title="Panionium">Panionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesterion" title="Telesterion">Telesterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis, Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oracles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphiareion_of_Oropos" title="Amphiareion of Oropos">Amphiareion of Oropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyaneae" title="Cyaneae">Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptoion" title="Ptoion">Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaros_(Failaka_Island)" title="Ikaros (Failaka Island)">Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Oracle of Menestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_the_Great_Gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuary of the Great Gods">Sanctuary of the Great Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyra" title="Tegyra">Tegyra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretea" title="Cretea">Cretea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus,_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Cave of Zeus, Aydın">Cave of Zeus, Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cave of Pan (disambiguation)">Caves of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychro_Cave" title="Psychro Cave">Psychro Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Ukraine)" title="Snake Island (Ukraine)">Island of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Diomedes" title="Islands of Diomedes">Islands of Diomedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalian_Spring" title="Castalian Spring">Castalian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrene" title="Hippocrene">Hippocrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_sacred_ships" title="Athenian sacred ships">Athenian sacred ships</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paralus_(ship)" title="Paralus (ship)">Paralus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salaminia" title="Salaminia">Salaminia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Way" title="Sacred Way">Sacred Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Myths_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Myths and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures#Immortals" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Deities</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Family tree</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamoi" title="Potamoi">Potamoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamides" title="Potamides">Potamides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Love deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Erotes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Himeros" title="Erotes">Himeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)"> Hymen/Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrestia">Adrestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecothoenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynaecothoenas">Gynaecothoenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_(goddess)" title="Ma (goddess)">Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Psychopomps" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampad" title="Lampad">Lampad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sleep deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empusa" title="Empusa">Empusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiales" title="Epiales">Epiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Messenger deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trickster deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Other major deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azone" title="Azone">Azone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysaor" title="Chrysaor">Chrysaor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Heroes / <br />heroines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abderus" title="Abderus">Abderus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academus" title="Academus">Akademos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antilochus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilochus">Antilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouzyges" title="Bouzyges">Bouzyges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysippus_of_Elis" title="Chrysippus of Elis">Chrysippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyamites" title="Cyamites">Cyamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Dioscuri</a> (Castor and Polydeuces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetlus" title="Echetlus">Echetlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis_(mythology)" title="Eleusis (mythology)">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus_(hero)" title="Eunostus (hero)">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleager" title="Meleager">Meleager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otrera" title="Otrera">Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandion_(hero)" title="Pandion (hero)">Pandion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthesilea" title="Penthesilea">Penthesilea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt#The_hunters" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian hunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni" title="Epigoni">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracles</a> <br />/ seers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleuas" title="Aleuas">Aleuas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphilochus_I_of_Argos" title="Amphilochus I of Argos">Amphilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampyx" title="Ampyx">Ampyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anius" title="Anius">Anius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbolus" title="Asbolus">Asbolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakis" title="Bakis">Bakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchus" title="Branchus">Branchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnus" title="Carnus">Carnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatus" title="Elatus">Elatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennomus" title="Ennomus">Ennomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iamus" title="Iamus">Iamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idmon" title="Idmon">Idmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyidus">Polyeidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypheides" title="Polypheides">Polypheides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_Sibyl" title="Cimmerian Sibyl">Cimmerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl" title="Delphic Sibyl">Delphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythraean_Sibyl" title="Erythraean Sibyl">Erythraean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellespontine_Sibyl" title="Hellespontine Sibyl">Hellespontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sibyl" title="Libyan Sibyl">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Sibyl" title="Persian Sibyl">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_Sibyl" title="Phrygian Sibyl">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samian_Sibyl" title="Samian Sibyl">Samian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemus" title="Telemus">Telemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiodamas" title="Theiodamas">Theiodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Other <br /> mortals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(mythology)" title="Andromeda (mythology)">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briseis" title="Briseis">Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_(king_of_Thebes)" title="Creon (king of Thebes)">Creon of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryseis" title="Chryseis">Chryseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deidamia_(daughter_of_Lycomedes)" title="Deidamia (daughter of Lycomedes)">Deidamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles" title="Eteocles">Eteocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)" title="Europa (consort of Zeus)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellen" title="Hellen">Hellen</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heracleidae" title="Heracleidae">Heracleidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(mythology)" title="Hermione (mythology)">Hermione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismene" title="Ismene">Ismene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocasta" title="Jocasta">Jocasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius" title="Laius">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapian shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Myrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)" title="Phoenix (son of Agenor)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybus_of_Corinth" title="Polybus of Corinth">Polybus of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynices" title="Polynices">Polynices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_(mythology)" title="Pyrrha (mythology)">Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrances to <br /> the underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes/swamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Avernus Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerna" title="Lerna">Lerna Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Matapan" title="Cape Matapan">Cape Matapan</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Lake Avernus</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charoniums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li> <li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion_at_Hierapolis" title="Ploutonion at Hierapolis">Ploutonion at Hierapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necromanteion (necromancy temple)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Fields of Asphodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Isles of the Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Mourning_Fields" title="Greek underworld">Mourning Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campe" title="Campe">Campe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">Shades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">Visitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols/objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bident" title="Bident">Bident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_invisibility" title="Cap of invisibility">Cap of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon%27s_obol" title="Charon's obol">Charon's obol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals, daemons, <br />and spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Mythical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_creatures" title="List of Greek mythological creatures">Greek mythological creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Greek mythological figures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of minor Greek mythological figures">Minor figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trojan_War_characters" title="List of Trojan War characters">Trojan War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon">Daemon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodemon" title="Cacodemon">Cacodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaemon_(mythology)" title="Eudaemon (mythology)">Eudaemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beasts /<br /> creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaurides" title="Centaurides">Centaurides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaur" title="Ichthyocentaur">Ichthyocentaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclops">Cyclops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drakaina_(mythology)" title="Drakaina (mythology)">Drakaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatonchires" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatonchires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois">Horses of Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured <br />/ slain by <br /> <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian boar">Calydonian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerynian_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerynian Hind">Cerynian Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erymanthian_boar" title="Erymanthian boar">Erymanthian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkotauroi" title="Khalkotauroi">Khalkotauroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mares_of_Diomedes" title="Mares of Diomedes">Mares of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_lion" title="Nemean lion">Nemean lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthrus" title="Orthrus">Orthrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stymphalian_birds" title="Stymphalian birds">Stymphalian birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropophage" title="Anthropophage">Anthropophagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebryces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curetes_(tribe)" title="Curetes (tribe)">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactyl_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dactyl (mythology)">Dactyls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargareans" title="Gargareans">Gargareans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halizones" title="Halizones">Halizones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Korybantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus-eaters" title="Lotus-eaters">Lotus-eaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pygmy (Greek mythology)">Pygmies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places <br />/ Realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)#History" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchis#In_mythology" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya (mythology)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nysa_(mythology)" title="Nysa (mythology)">Nysa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaia_(island)" title="Panchaia (island)">Panchaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Symplegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartessos" title="Tartessos">Tartessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themiscyra_(Pontus)" title="Themiscyra (Pontus)">Themiscyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphne" title="Apollo and Daphne">Apollo and Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Eros and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment of Paris">Judgment of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Labours of Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Orpheus and Eurydice">Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonomachy" title="Amazonomachy">Amazonomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_War" title="Attic War">Attic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theomachy" title="Theomachy">Theomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanomachy" title="Titanomachy">Titanomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamant" title="Adamant">Adamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">Aegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia" title="Ambrosia">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_of_Discord" title="Apple of Discord">Apple of Discord</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(mythology)" title="Dragon's teeth (mythology)">Dragon's teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diipetes" title="Diipetes">Diipetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">Eidolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">Girdle of Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian knot">Gordian knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe" title="Harpe">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichor" title="Ichor">Ichor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth#Cretan_labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_tree" title="Lotus tree">Lotus tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">Moly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia" title="Necklace of Harmonia">Necklace of Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orichalcum" title="Orichalcum">Orichalcum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium_(classical_antiquity)" title="Palladium (classical antiquity)">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea_(medicine)" title="Panacea (medicine)">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_box" title="Pandora's box">Pandora's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged helmet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria#The_Phaeacian_ships" title="Scheria">Phaeacian ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_Achilles" title="Shield of Achilles">Shield of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt_of_Nessus" title="Shirt of Nessus">Shirt of Nessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Sword of Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talaria" title="Talaria">Talaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyrsus" title="Thyrsus">Thyrsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trident_of_Poseidon" title="Trident of Poseidon">Trident of Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnowing_Oar" title="Winnowing Oar">Winnowing Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">Wheel of fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_of_Hygieia" title="Bowl of Hygieia">Bowl of Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">Caduceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">Cornucopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgoneion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgoneion">Gorgoneion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic egg">Orphic egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_of_Athena" title="Owl of Athena">Owl of Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song">Swan song</a></li> <li>Wind <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_wind" title="East wind">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_wind" title="West wind">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_wind" title="North wind">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_wind" title="South wind">South</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Modern<br />treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology_in_western_art_and_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical mythology in western art and literature">Classical mythology in western art and literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">Greek mythology in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_understanding_of_Greek_mythology" title="Modern understanding of Greek mythology">Modern understanding of Greek mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_deities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template talk:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_deities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a> deities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(cosmogony)#Greco-Roman_tradition" title="Chaos (cosmogony)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nyx</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ourea" title="Ourea">Ourea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Titans (male)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Titanides (female)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Olympian <br /> deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Olympian Gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene">Melpomene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a></li></ul></li> <li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollonis" title="Apollonis">Apollonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borysthenis" title="Borysthenis">Borysthenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephisso" title="Cephisso">Cephisso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotian</a> Muses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aoede" title="Aoede">Aoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melete" title="Melete">Melete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mneme" title="Mneme">Mneme</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses of the <a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypate" title="Hypate">Hypate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mese_(mythology)" title="Mese (mythology)">Mese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nete_(mythology)" title="Nete (mythology)">Nete</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses at <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polymatheia" title="Polymatheia">Polymatheia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> (Graces)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aglaea" title="Aglaea">Aglaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antheia" title="Antheia">Antheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne" title="Euphrosyne">Euphrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemone" title="Hegemone">Hegemone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Grace)" title="Thalia (Grace)">Thalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a> (Hours)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eirene_(goddess)" title="Eirene (goddess)">Eirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunomia" title="Eunomia">Eunomia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sea deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benthesikyme" title="Benthesikyme">Benthesikyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brizo" title="Brizo">Brizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurybia_(mythology)" title="Eurybia (mythology)">Eurybia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichthyocentaurs">Ichthyocentaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melicertes" title="Melicertes">Melicertes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nesoi" title="Nesoi">Nesoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acaste_(Oceanid)" title="Acaste (Oceanid)">Acaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admete_(Oceanid)" title="Admete (Oceanid)">Admete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amalthea_(mythology)" title="Amalthea (mythology)">Amalthea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callirhoe_(Oceanid)" title="Callirhoe (Oceanid)">Callirhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Greek_myth)" title="Ceto (Greek myth)">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene (consort of Helios)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(wife_of_Iapetus)" title="Clymene (wife of Iapetus)">Clymene (wife of Iapetus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodone_(mythology)" title="Dodone (mythology)">Dodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_(Oceanid)" title="Doris (Oceanid)">Doris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Oceanid)" title="Electra (Oceanid)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynome_(Oceanid)" title="Eurynome (Oceanid)">Eurynome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idyia" title="Idyia">Idyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Apollo)" title="Melia (consort of Apollo)">Melia (consort of Apollo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Inachus)" title="Melia (consort of Inachus)">Melia (consort of Inachus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleione_(mythology)" title="Pleione (mythology)">Pleione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plouto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plouto (Oceanid)">Plouto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesto_(mythology)" title="Telesto (mythology)">Telesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(Oceanid)" title="Theia (Oceanid)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeuxo_(Oceanid)" title="Zeuxo (Oceanid)">Zeuxo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amatheia_(mythology)" title="Amatheia (mythology)">Amatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphithoe_(mythology)" title="Amphithoe (mythology)">Amphithoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymatolege_(mythology)" title="Cymatolege (mythology)">Cymatolege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymo_(mythology)" title="Cymo (mythology)">Cymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamene" title="Dynamene">Dynamene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea" title="Acis and Galatea">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galene_(mythology)" title="Galene (mythology)">Galene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protomedeia" title="Protomedeia">Protomedeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(Nereid)" title="Psamathe (Nereid)">Psamathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sao_(mythology)" title="Sao (mythology)">Sao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spio" title="Spio">Spio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Nereid)" title="Thalia (Nereid)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Potamoi" title="Potamoi">Potamoi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anapus" title="Anapus">Anapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asopus" title="Asopus">Asopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterion_(god)" title="Asterion (god)">Asterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axius_(mythology)" title="Axius (mythology)">Axius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caanthus" title="Caanthus">Caanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebren" title="Cebren">Cebren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clitumnus" title="Clitumnus">Clitumnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enipeus_(deity)" title="Enipeus (deity)">Enipeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladeos" title="Kladeos">Kladeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meander_(mythology)" title="Meander (mythology)">Meander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_(mythology)" title="Nilus (mythology)">Nilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numicus" title="Numicus">Numicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_(river_god)" title="Phyllis (river god)">Phyllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peneus" title="Peneus">Peneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simoeis" title="Simoeis">Simoeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strymon_(mythology)" title="Strymon (mythology)">Strymon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegina_(mythology)" title="Aegina (mythology)">Aegina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achiroe" title="Achiroe">Achiroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aganippe_(naiad)" title="Aganippe (naiad)">Aganippe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anigrides" title="Anigrides">Anigrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyra_(mythology)" title="Argyra (mythology)">Argyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistonis" title="Bistonis">Bistonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolbe" title="Bolbe">Bolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliadne" title="Caliadne">Caliadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassotis" title="Cassotis">Cassotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleocharia" title="Cleocharia">Cleocharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_(Naiad)" title="Creusa (Naiad)">Creusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drosera_(naiad)" title="Drosera (naiad)">Drosera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpina" title="Harpina">Harpina</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ionides" title="Ionides">Ionides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismenis" title="Ismenis">Ismenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larunda" title="Larunda">Larunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilaea" title="Lilaea">Lilaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liriope_(nymph)" title="Liriope (nymph)">Liriope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melite_(naiad)" title="Melite (naiad)">Melite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metope_(mythology)" title="Metope (mythology)">Metope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria_(nymph)" title="Moria (nymph)">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_(Greek_mythology)" title="Nana (Greek mythology)">Nana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaea_(mythology)" title="Nicaea (mythology)">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orseis" title="Orseis">Orseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(daughter_of_Triton)" title="Pallas (daughter of Triton)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilbe" title="Stilbe">Stilbe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Thriae" title="Thriae">Thriae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corycia" title="Corycia">Corycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleodora_(nymph)" title="Cleodora (nymph)">Cleodora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaina" title="Melaina">Melaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiasa" title="Tiasa">Tiasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Theoi Chthonioi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Lampades" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampades">Lampades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alecto" title="Alecto">Alecto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaera" title="Megaera">Megaera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisiphone" title="Tisiphone">Tisiphone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Earthborn</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopes" title="Cyclopes">Cyclopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Gigantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatoncheires" title="Hecatoncheires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Kouretes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meliae" title="Meliae">Meliae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Personifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algos" class="mw-redirect" title="Algos">Algos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atë">Atë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(deity)" title="Dysnomia (deity)">Dysnomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horkos" title="Horkos">Horkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe_(daughter_of_Eris)" title="Lethe (daughter of Eris)">Lethe</a></li> <li>Logoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limos" title="Limos">Limos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neikea" class="mw-redirect" title="Neikea">Neikea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponos" title="Ponos">Ponos</a></li> <li>Pseudea</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nyx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atropos" title="Atropos">Atropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachesis" title="Lachesis">Lachesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Graeae" title="Graeae">Graeae</a> <ul><li>Deino</li> <li>Enyo</li> <li>Pemphredo</li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Gorgons" title="Gorgons">Gorgons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stheno_and_Euryale" title="Stheno and Euryale">Stheno and Euryale</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Sirens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aello" title="Aello">Aello</a></li> <li>Celaeno</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocypete" title="Ocypete">Ocypete</a></li> <li>Podarge</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <br />other gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aergia" title="Aergia">Aergia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidos" title="Aidos">Aidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aletheia" title="Aletheia">Aletheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete_(mythology)" title="Arete (mythology)">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraea" title="Astraea">Astraea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caerus" title="Caerus">Caerus</a></li> <li>The Younger <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucleia" title="Eucleia">Eucleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupheme_(deity)" title="Eupheme (deity)">Eupheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthenia" title="Euthenia">Euthenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philophrosyne" title="Philophrosyne">Philophrosyne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corus_(mythology)" title="Corus (mythology)">Corus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersa" title="Ersa">Ersa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupraxia_(mythology)" title="Eupraxia (mythology)">Eupraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedone" title="Hedone">Hedone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonoia_(mythology)" title="Homonoia (mythology)">Homonoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Litae" title="Litae">Litae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche" title="Tyche">Tyche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achlys" title="Achlys">Achlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adephagia" title="Adephagia">Adephagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aion_(deity)" title="Aion (deity)">Aion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amechania" title="Amechania">Amechania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaideia" title="Anaideia">Anaideia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastor" title="Alastor">Alastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apheleia" title="Apheleia">Apheleia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Arae" title="Arae">Arae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dikaiosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyssebeia" title="Dyssebeia">Dyssebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiresione" title="Eiresione">Eiresione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekecheiria" title="Ekecheiria">Ekecheiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulabeia_(mythology)" title="Eulabeia (mythology)">Eulabeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelos_(mythology)" title="Gelos (mythology)">Gelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimarmene" title="Heimarmene">Heimarmene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horme" title="Horme">Horme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakia" title="Kakia">Kakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koalemos" title="Koalemos">Koalemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyssa" title="Lyssa">Lyssa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maniae" title="Maniae">Maniae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methe" title="Methe">Methe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomos_(mythology)" title="Nomos (mythology)">Nomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitharchia" title="Peitharchia">Peitharchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penia" title="Penia">Penia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthus" title="Penthus">Penthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepromene" title="Pepromene">Pepromene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheme" title="Pheme">Pheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrike" title="Phrike">Phrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phthonus" title="Phthonus">Phthonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poena" title="Poena">Poine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porus_(mythology)" title="Porus (mythology)">Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxidice" title="Praxidice">Praxidice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophasis" title="Prophasis">Prophasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter_(daimon)" title="Soter (daimon)">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(mythology)" title="Soteria (mythology)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasos" title="Thrasos">Thrasos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sky</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrape_and_Bronte" title="Astrape and Bronte">Astrape and Bronte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chione_(daughter_of_Boreas)" title="Chione (daughter of Boreas)">Chione</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_(Pleiad)" title="Alcyone (Pleiad)">Alcyone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterope_(Pleiad)" title="Sterope (Pleiad)">Sterope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celaeno" title="Celaeno">Celaeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Pleiad)" title="Electra (Pleiad)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merope_(Pleiad)" title="Merope (Pleiad)">Merope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)" title="Sirius (mythology)">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Agriculture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphaea">Aphaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despoina" title="Despoina">Despoina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus" title="Eunostus">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opora_(mythology)" title="Opora (mythology)">Opora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomelus" title="Philomelus">Philomelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutus" title="Plutus">Plutus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Rustic <br />deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetna_(nymph)" title="Aetna (nymph)">Aetna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Alseid" title="Alseid">Alseids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonis" title="Amphictyonis">Amphictyonis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anthousai" title="Anthousai">Anthousai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristaeus" title="Aristaeus">Aristaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Auloniad" title="Auloniad">Auloniads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comus" title="Comus">Comus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dryad" title="Dryad">Dryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erato_(dryad)" title="Erato (dryad)">Erato</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hamadryad" title="Hamadryad">Hamadryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysopeleia" title="Chrysopeleia">Chrysopeleia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Epimeliad" title="Epimeliad">Epimeliades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecaterus" title="Hecaterus">Hecaterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenades</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Meliae" title="Meliae">Meliae</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nymphai_Hyperboreioi" title="Nymphai Hyperboreioi">Nymphai Hyperboreioi</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oread" title="Oread">Oreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrasteia" title="Adrasteia">Adrasteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyllene_(nymph)" title="Cyllene (nymph)">Cyllene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)">Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helice_(mythology)" title="Helice (mythology)">Helice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iynx" title="Iynx">Iynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomia_(mythology)" title="Nomia (mythology)">Nomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenone_(nymph)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oenone (nymph)">Oenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitys_(mythology)" title="Pitys (mythology)">Pitys</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pegasides" title="Pegasides">Pegasides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapso" title="Rhapso">Rhapso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telete" title="Telete">Telete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deified_people_in_Greek_mythology" title="List of deified people in Greek mythology">Deified people</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophonius" title="Trophonius">Trophonius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexiares_and_Anicetus" title="Alexiares and Anicetus">Alexiares and Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enodia" title="Enodia">Enodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaestra_(mythology)" title="Palaestra (mythology)">Palaestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipolis_(god)" title="Sosipolis (god)">Sosipolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131203#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/10153530877748700886">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/284156563638823242639">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjBFgVg646xFbRcvHJCgfC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2018110886">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987011052466405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/236906143">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nyx&oldid=1255528143">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nyx&oldid=1255528143</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nyx" title="Category:Nyx">Nyx</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_underworld" title="Category:Greek underworld">Greek underworld</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Personifications_in_Greek_mythology" title="Category:Personifications in Greek 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