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id="toc-Founding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Founding </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Expansion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s_and_1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s_and_1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 1960s and 1970s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s_and_1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Neighborhoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_commercial_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_commercial_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Major commercial areas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_commercial_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hilldale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hilldale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Hilldale </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hilldale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capitol_Square" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capitol_Square"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Capitol Square </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capitol_Square-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.3 State Street </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Park_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Park_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.4 Park Street </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Park_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monroe_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monroe_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.5 Monroe Street </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monroe_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Willy_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Willy_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.6 Willy Street </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Willy_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2020_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 2020 census </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 2010 census </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metropolitan_area" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metropolitan_area"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Metropolitan area </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metropolitan_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Government_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Government and education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biotechnology_and_health_sciences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biotechnology_and_health_sciences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Biotechnology and health sciences </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biotechnology_and_health_sciences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacturing_and_agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing_and_agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Manufacturing and agriculture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing_and_agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Arts and culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Arts and culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attractions_and_museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attractions_and_museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Attractions and museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attractions_and_museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prairie_and_Usonian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prairie_and_Usonian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Prairie and Usonian </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prairie_and_Usonian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brutalist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brutalist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.2 Brutalist </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brutalist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_Deco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_Deco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3 Art Deco </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_Deco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Cuisine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Events </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nightlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nightlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Nightlife </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nightlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Performing arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_cultural_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_cultural_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Other cultural events </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_cultural_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Sports </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sports subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Former_teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Former teams </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amateur_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amateur_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Amateur sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amateur_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Parks and recreation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Election results </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Media </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Media subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Print" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Print"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Print </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Print-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Radio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 TV </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Infrastructure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.1 Railways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.2 Buses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.3 Highways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Public safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Madison_Police_Department" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madison_Police_Department"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.1 Madison Police Department </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madison_Police_Department-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madison_Fire_Department" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madison_Fire_Department"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.2 Madison Fire Department </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madison_Fire_Department-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicknames" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicknames"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Nicknames </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicknames-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Explanatory notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Madison, Wisconsin</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 115 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" > 115 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A6disunu,_Wisc%C5%8Dns%C4%93n" title="Mædisunu, Wiscōnsēn – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Mædisunu, Wiscōnsēn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_(%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="ماديسون (مقاطعة دان) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماديسون (مقاطعة دان)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مدیسن، ویسکانسین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مدیسن، ویسکانسین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8,_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="ম্যাডিসন, উইসকনসিন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ম্যাডিসন, উইসকনসিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD)" title="Мадысан (Вісконсін) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мадысан (Вісконсін)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD)" title="Мэдысан (Вісконсін) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэдысан (Вісконсін)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Мадисън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мадисън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(kapital_sa_estado)" title="Madison (kapital sa estado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Madison (kapital sa estado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%CA%BCek%CA%BCidta%CA%BC" title="Beʼekʼidtaʼ – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Beʼekʼidtaʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%BD_(%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD)" title="Μάντισον (Ουισκόνσιν) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάντισον (Ουισκόνσιν)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madisono_(Viskonsino)" title="Madisono (Viskonsino) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Madisono (Viskonsino)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86_(%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86)" title="مدیسن (ویسکانسین) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدیسن (ویسکانسین)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wiskonsin)" title="Madison (Wiskonsin) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Madison (Wiskonsin)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A4%D9%86_(%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86)" title="مديسؤن (ويسکانسين) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="مديسؤن (ويسکانسين)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%A4%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A8_(%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%98%EC%8B%A0%EC%A3%BC)" title="매디슨 (위스콘신주) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="매디슨 (위스콘신주)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%B6_(%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B6)" title="Մեդիսոն (Վիսկոնսին) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեդիսոն (Վիսկոնսին)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="मैडिसन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मैडिसन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Мэдисон (Висконсин) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мэдисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מדיסון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדיסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98)" title="მადისონი (უისკონსინი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მადისონი (უისკონსინი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мадисон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мадисон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wiskonnsin" title="Madison, Wiskonnsin – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Madison, Wiskonnsin" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Мэдисон (Висконсин) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мэдисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madisonia" title="Madisonia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Madisonia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisona" title="Medisona – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Medisona" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madisonas_(Viskonsinas)" title="Madisonas (Viskonsinas) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Madisonas (Viskonsinas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Медисон (Висконсин) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Медисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BA,_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="മാഡിസൺ, വിസ്കോൺസിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാഡിസൺ, വിസ്കോൺസിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8_(%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8)" title="मॅडिसन (विस्कॉन्सिन) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मॅडिसन (विस्कॉन्सिन)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_(%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86)" title="ماديسون (ويسكونسين) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماديسون (ويسكونسين)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8,_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="म्यादिसन, विस्कन्सिन – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="म्यादिसन, विस्कन्सिन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3_(%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E5%B7%9E)" title="マディソン (ウィスコンシン州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マディソン (ウィスコンシン州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Медисон (Висконсин) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Медисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="मेडिसन – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="मेडिसन" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86" title="میڈیسن، وسکونسن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میڈیسن، وسکونسن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Мадисон (Висконсин) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мадисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="माडिसन् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="माडिसन्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison" title="Madison – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Madison" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86" title="مادیسن، ویسکۆنسن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مادیسن، ویسکۆنسن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Медисон (Висконсин) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Медисон (Висконсин)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="மேடிசன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேடிசன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мәдисон – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәдисон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="แมดิสัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แมดิสัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Медісон (Вісконсин) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Медісон (Вісконсин)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%86" title="میڈیسون، وسکونسن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میڈیسون، وسکونسن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Madison (Wisconsin)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Madison, Wisconsin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_(Wisconsin)" title="Madison (Wisconsin) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Madison,_Wisconsin&params=43_04_29_N_89_23_03_W_region:US-WI_type:city(269840)">43°04′29″N 89°23′03″W / 43.07472°N 89.38417°W / 43.07472; -89.38417</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital of Wisconsin, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the capital city of Wisconsin. For the former town, see <a href="/wiki/Madison_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Madison (town), Wisconsin">Madison (town), Wisconsin</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State capital city in Wisconsin, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement 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.infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Madison</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">State capital city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style 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.tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_View_of_Campus,_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_(14070186173).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Madison Isthmus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg/288px-Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg/432px-Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg/576px-Aerial_View_of_Campus%2C_with_Helen_C._White_Hall_in_foreground_%2814070186173%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Isthmus" title="Madison Isthmus">Madison Isthmus</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Wisconsin State Capitol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg/151px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg/227px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg/302px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_Building_during_Tulip_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1357" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Olbrich Botanical Gardens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg/133px-Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg/200px-Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg/266px-Thai_sala_at_Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens" title="Olbrich Botanical Gardens">Olbrich Botanical Gardens</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Madison Museum of Contemporary Art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg/134px-Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg/201px-Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg/268px-Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art" title="Madison Museum of Contemporary Art">Madison Museum of Contemporary Art</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:BascHall_W.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bascom Hall at the University of Wisconsin–Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/BascHall_W.jpg/150px-BascHall_W.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/BascHall_W.jpg/225px-BascHall_W.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/BascHall_W.jpg/300px-BascHall_W.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Madison,_Wisconsin_(2018%E2%80%93present).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Madison"><img alt="Flag of Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_%282018%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Flag of Madison, Wisconsin">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Madison,_Wisconsin.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Madison"><img alt="Official seal of Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png/100px-Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png/150px-Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png/200px-Seal_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.png 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="299" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Madison,_Wisconsin.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Madison"><img alt="Official logo of Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ea/Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif/100px-Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ea/Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif/150px-Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ea/Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif/200px-Logo_of_Madison%2C_Wisconsin.gif 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="299" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Logo</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Madtown, Mad City, The City of Four Lakes, 77 Square Miles Surrounded by Reality<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 290px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="290" data-zoom="10" data-lat="43.0747" data-lon="-89.3842" data-overlays="["_835e821b63b772a48c6a91681263a5a8a99b5752"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/43.0747/-89.3842/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,43.0747,-89.3842,290x290.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Madison%2C_Wisconsin&revid=1258991509&groups=_835e821b63b772a48c6a91681263a5a8a99b5752" width="290" height="290" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,43.0747,-89.3842,290x290@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Madison%2C_Wisconsin&revid=1258991509&groups=_835e821b63b772a48c6a91681263a5a8a99b5752 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map of Madison</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madison is located in Wisconsin"><img alt="Madison is located in Wisconsin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Wisconsin_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1171" data-file-height="1200" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:85.102%;left:52.336%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Madison</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div>Show map of Wisconsin</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Madison is located in the United States"><img alt="Madison is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.404%;left:60.473%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Madison" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Madison</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div>Show map of the United States</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Madison,_Wisconsin&params=43_04_29_N_89_23_03_W_region:US-WI_type:city(269840)">43°04′29″N 89°23′03″W / 43.07472°N 89.38417°W / 43.07472; -89.38417</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Wisconsin" title="List of counties in Wisconsin">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data">City</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1836</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter" title="Municipal charter">Chartered</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1846</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1856</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayor-council" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-council">Mayor-council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="List of mayors of Madison, Wisconsin">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Satya_Rhodes-Conway" title="Satya Rhodes-Conway">Satya Rhodes-Conway</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>/<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Dane" title="Progressive Dane">PD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Common_Council" title="Madison Common Council">Madison Common Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2019-2">[2]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">101.53 sq mi (262.96 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">79.57 sq mi (206.09 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">21.96 sq mi (56.88 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-3">[3]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">873 ft (266 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">269,840</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2023)</div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">280,305 <img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">77th</a> WI: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wisconsin" title="List of cities in Wisconsin">2nd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,391/sq mi (1,309/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">450,305 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">89th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,008/sq mi (1,161/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">680,796 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas">87th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">CSA</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">910,246 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Combined_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Combined Statistical Areas">61st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Madisonian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (Central)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (CDT)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zip_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Zip Code">Zip Codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>ZIP Codes<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;display:none"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">53562, 53593, 53701, 53702, 53703, 53704, 53705, 53706, 53707, 53708, 53711, 53713, 53714, 53715, 53716, 53717, 53718, 53719, 53726</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_608" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 608">608, 353</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/FIPS_code" class="mw-redirect" title="FIPS code">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">55-48000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GNIS" class="mw-redirect" title="GNIS">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">1581834<a href="#cite_note-gnis-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityofmadison.com">cityofmadison.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Madison is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">capital city</a> of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane County</a>. The population was 269,840 as of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Wisconsin_by_population" title="List of municipalities in Wisconsin by population">second-most populous city</a> in Wisconsin, after <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">77th-most populous</a> in the United States. The <a href="/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area" title="Madison metropolitan area">Madison metropolitan area</a> had a population of 680,796. The city is located on an <a href="/wiki/Isthmus" title="Isthmus">isthmus</a> and lands surrounding five lakes—<a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Monona" title="Lake Monona">Lake Monona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Wingra" title="Lake Wingra">Lake Wingra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Kegonsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Kegonsa">Lake Kegonsa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Waubesa" title="Lake Waubesa">Lake Waubesa</a>. Madison was founded in 1836<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> and is named after American <a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Father</a> and President <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a>. As the state capital, Madison is home to government chambers including the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> building. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, the flagship campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>, is located in the city. Other cultural institutions include the <a href="/wiki/Henry_Vilas_Zoo" title="Henry Vilas Zoo">Henry Vilas Zoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art" title="Madison Museum of Contemporary Art">Madison Museum of Contemporary Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens" title="Olbrich Botanical Gardens">Olbrich Botanical Gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Overture_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Overture Center for the Arts">Overture Center for the Arts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Museum" title="Wisconsin Historical Museum">Wisconsin Historical Museum</a>. Madison is home to an extensive network of parks, the most parks and playgrounds per capita of any of the 100 largest U.S. cities, and is considered a <a href="/wiki/Bicycle-friendly_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle-friendly communities">bicycle-friendly community</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Annual_City_Parks_Data_Released_by_The_Trust_for_Public_Land-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-NEW_PLATINUM,_NEW_GOLD_BICYCLE_FRIENDLY_COMMUNITIES-8">[8]</a> Madison is also home to <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Wisconsin" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Wisconsin">nine</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmarks</a>, including several buildings designed by architect <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_and_Katherine_Jacobs_First_House" title="Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House">Jacobs I House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_20th-Century_Architecture_of_Frank_Lloyd_Wright-9">[9]</a> Residents of Madison are known as <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="List of people from Madison, Wisconsin">Madisonians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Madison has long been a center for <a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">progressive</a> political activity, protests, and demonstrations, and contemporary Madison is considered the most <a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">politically liberal</a> city in Wisconsin.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-library.wisc.edu-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-NPR.org-14">[14]</a> The presence of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, as well as other educational institutions has <a href="/wiki/College_town" title="College town">a significant impact</a> on the <a href="#Economy">economy</a>, <a href="#Culture">culture</a>, and <a href="#Demographics">demographics</a> of Madison.<a href="#cite_note-library.wisc.edu-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-NPR.org-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wisconsin's_Largest_Employer:_Badger_State_Bucks_National_Trend-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Madison,_WI-17">[17]</a> As of 2021, Madison is the <a href="/wiki/Population_growth" title="Population growth">fastest-growing</a> city in Wisconsin.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Madison's economy features a large and growing technology sector, and the Madison area is home to the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Epic_Systems" title="Epic Systems">Epic Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Family_Insurance" title="American Family Insurance">American Family Insurance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exact_Sciences_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exact Sciences (company)">Exact Sciences</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hallman_Lindsay_Paints&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hallman Lindsay Paints (page does not exist)">Hallman Lindsay Paints</a>, <a href="/wiki/Promega" title="Promega">Promega</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Girl" title="American Girl">American Girl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sub-Zero_(brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Zero (brand)">Sub-Zero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lands%27_End" title="Lands' End">Lands' End</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spectrum_Brands" title="Spectrum Brands">Spectrum Brands</a>, a regional office for <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, and the University Research Park,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> as well as many <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a> and health systems startups. Madison is a popular <a href="/wiki/Tourist_destination" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourist destination">visitor destination</a>, with tourism generating over $1 billion for <a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane County's</a> economy in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_Americans">Native Americans</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Native Americans">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_1855.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Madison_1855.jpg/220px-Madison_1855.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Madison_1855.jpg/330px-Madison_1855.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Madison_1855.jpg/440px-Madison_1855.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1619" data-file-height="947" /></a><figcaption>View of Madison from the Water Cure, South Side of Lake Monona, 1855</figcaption></figure></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg/260px-Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg/390px-Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg/520px-Madison_WI_Barber_1865p439cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1810" data-file-height="873" /></a><figcaption>View of downtown and Capitol from Washington Street, 1865</figcaption></figure> Before Europeans, humans inhabited the area in and around Madison for about 12,000 years.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk" title="Ho-Chunk">Ho-Chunk</a> called the region Teejop (pronounced Day-JOPE [J as in Jump]) meaning "land of the four lakes" (Mendota, Monona, Waubesa, and Kegonsa).<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Numerous <a href="/wiki/Effigy_mounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Effigy mounds">effigy mounds</a>, constructed for ceremonial and burial purposes over 1,000 years earlier, dotted the rich prairies around the lakes.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding">edit</a>]</div> Madison's modern origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge <a href="/wiki/James_Duane_Doty" title="James Duane Doty">James Duane Doty</a> purchased over a thousand acres (4 km2) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. He purchased 1,261 acres for $1,500. When the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Territory" title="Wisconsin Territory">Wisconsin Territory</a> was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in <a href="/wiki/Belmont,_Wisconsin" title="Belmont, Wisconsin">Belmont, Wisconsin</a>. One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering <a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">buffalo</a> robes to the freezing legislators and choice lots in Madison at discount prices to undecided voters.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> He had James Slaughter <a href="/wiki/Plat" title="Plat">plat</a> two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day <a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a>. Doty named his city Madison for <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a>, the fourth President of the U.S. who had died on June 28, 1836, and he named the streets for the other <a href="/wiki/Signing_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Signing of the United States Constitution">38 signers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Constitution">U.S. Constitution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Although the city existed only on paper, the territorial legislature voted on November 28, 1836, in favor of Madison as its capital, largely because of its location halfway between the new and growing cities around <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a> in the east and the long-established strategic post of <a href="/wiki/Prairie_du_Chien,_Wisconsin" title="Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin">Prairie du Chien</a> in the west, and between the highly populated <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> mining regions in the southwest and Wisconsin's oldest city, <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a>, in the northeast.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-briefhistory-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion">Expansion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Expansion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg/220px-1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg/330px-1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg/440px-1920_Madison_Wisconsin_Automobile_Blue_Book.jpg 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="821" /></a><figcaption>Map of Madison, 1920</figcaption></figure> The cornerstone for the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin capitol</a> was laid in 1837, and the legislature first met there in 1838. On October 9, 1839, <a href="/wiki/Kintzing_Prichett" class="mw-redirect" title="Kintzing Prichett">Kintzing Prichett</a> registered the <a href="/wiki/Plat" title="Plat">plat</a> of Madison at the registrar's office of the then-territorial <a href="/wiki/Dane_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Dane County">Dane County</a>.<a href="#cite_note-platted1839-31">[31]</a> Madison was incorporated as a village in 1846, with a population of 626. When Wisconsin became a state in 1848, Madison remained the capital, and the following year it became the site of the University of Wisconsin (now <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_%26_Mississippi_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad">Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad</a> (a predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Road" title="Milwaukee Road">Milwaukee Road</a>) connected to Madison in 1854. Madison incorporated as a city in 1856, with a population of 6,863, leaving the unincorporated remainder as a separate <a href="/wiki/Town_of_Madison,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Town of Madison, Wisconsin">Town of Madison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The original capitol was replaced in 1863 and the second capitol burned in 1904. The current capitol was built between 1906 and 1917.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>, Madison served as a center of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> in Wisconsin. The intersection of Milwaukee, East Washington, Winnebago, and North Streets is known as Union Corners because a tavern there was the last stop for Union soldiers before heading to fight the Confederates. <a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall" title="Camp Randall">Camp Randall</a>, on the west side of Madison, was built and used as a training camp, a military hospital, and a prison camp for captured <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> soldiers. After the war ended, the Camp Randall site was absorbed into the University of Wisconsin and <a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a> was built there in 1917. In 2004 the last vestige of active military training on the site was removed when the stadium renovation replaced a firing range used for <a href="/wiki/ROTC" class="mw-redirect" title="ROTC">ROTC</a> training. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s_and_1970s">1960s and 1970s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1960s and 1970s">edit</a>]</div> In the 1960s and 1970s, the Madison <a href="/wiki/Counterculture" title="Counterculture">counterculture</a> was centered in the neighborhood of Mifflin and Bassett streets, referred to as "Miffland". The area contained many three-story apartments where students and counterculture youth lived, painted murals, and operated the co-operative grocery store, the Mifflin Street Co-op. Residents of the neighborhood often came into conflict with authorities, particularly during the administration of the Republican mayor <a href="/wiki/William_Dyke" title="William Dyke">Bill Dyke</a>. Dyke was viewed by students as a direct antagonist in efforts to protest the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> because of his efforts to suppress local protests. The annual <a href="/wiki/Mifflin_Street_Block_Party" title="Mifflin Street Block Party">Mifflin Street Block Party</a> became a focal point for protest, although by the late 1970s it had become a mainstream community party. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, thousands of students and other citizens took part in <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Vietnam_War#Growing_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the Vietnam War">anti-Vietnam War marches and demonstrations</a>, with more violent incidents drawing national attention to the city and UW campus. These include: <ul><li>the 1967 student protest of <a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical_Company" title="Dow Chemical Company">Dow Chemical Company</a>, with 74 injured;</li> <li>the 1969 strike to secure greater representation and rights for African-American students and faculty, which resulted in the involvement of the Wisconsin <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Guard">Army National Guard</a>;</li> <li>the 1970 fire that caused damage to the Army <a href="/wiki/ROTC" class="mw-redirect" title="ROTC">ROTC</a> headquarters housed in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Armory_and_Gymnasium" title="University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium">University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium</a>, also known as the Red Gym; and</li> <li>the 1970 late-summer predawn <a href="/wiki/ANFO" title="ANFO">ANFO</a> bombing of the Army Mathematics Research Center in Sterling Hall, killing a postdoctoral researcher, Robert Fassnacht. (See <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Hall_bombing" title="Sterling Hall bombing">Sterling Hall bombing</a>)</li></ul> These protests were the subject of the 1979 documentary <a href="/wiki/The_War_at_Home_(1979_film)" title="The War at Home (1979 film)">The War at Home</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Maraniss" title="David Maraniss">David Maraniss</a>'s 2004 book, <a href="/wiki/They_Marched_into_Sunlight" title="They Marched into Sunlight">They Marched into Sunlight</a>, incorporated the 1967 Dow protests into a larger <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> narrative. Tom Bates wrote the book Rads on the subject (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-092428-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-092428-4">0-06-092428-4</a>). Bates wrote that Dyke's attempt to suppress the annual <a href="/wiki/Mifflin_Street_Block_Party" title="Mifflin Street Block Party">Mifflin Street Block Party</a> "would take three days, require hundreds of officers on overtime pay, and engulf the student community from the nearby Southeast Dorms to <a href="/wiki/Langdon_Street_Historic_District" title="Langdon Street Historic District">Langdon Street's</a> fraternity row. <a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">Tear gas</a> hung like heavy fog across the Isthmus." In the fracas, student activist <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soglin" title="Paul Soglin">Paul Soglin</a>, then a city <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">alderman</a>, was arrested twice and taken to <a href="/wiki/County_jail" class="mw-redirect" title="County jail">jail</a>. Soglin was later elected mayor of Madison, serving several times. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> In early 2011, Madison was the site for <a href="/wiki/2011_Wisconsin_protests" title="2011 Wisconsin protests">large protests</a> against a bill proposed by Governor <a href="/wiki/Scott_Walker_(politician)" title="Scott Walker (politician)">Scott Walker</a> that abolished almost all <a href="/wiki/Collective_bargaining" title="Collective bargaining">collective bargaining</a> for public worker unions.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The protests at the capitol ranged in size from 10,000 to over 100,000 people and lasted for several months.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> On October 31, 2022, the city of Madison annexed the majority of the remaining <a href="/wiki/Madison_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Madison (town), Wisconsin">Town of Madison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="thumb tright" style="width:100%;max-width:308px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison,_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madison, Wisconsin skyline"><img alt="Madison, Wisconsin skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg/300px-Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg/450px-Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg/600px-Madison%2C_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9172" data-file-height="3632" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison,_Wisconsin_skyline.jpg" title="File:Madison, Wisconsin skyline.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Madison" title="List of tallest buildings in Madison">Madison, Wisconsin skyline</a></div></div></div> Madison is located in the center of Dane County in south-central Wisconsin, 77 miles (124 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a> and 122 miles (196 km) northwest of <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. Madison completely surrounds the city of <a href="/wiki/Monona,_Wisconsin" title="Monona, Wisconsin">Monona</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Village_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Village (Wisconsin)">villages</a> of <a href="/wiki/Maple_Bluff" class="mw-redirect" title="Maple Bluff">Maple Bluff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shorewood_Hills,_Wisconsin" title="Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin">Shorewood Hills</a>. Madison shares borders with its largest suburb, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Prairie,_Wisconsin" title="Sun Prairie, Wisconsin">Sun Prairie</a>, and three other suburbs, <a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/McFarland,_Wisconsin" title="McFarland, Wisconsin">McFarland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Fitchburg</a>. Other suburbs include the city of <a href="/wiki/Verona,_Wisconsin" title="Verona, Wisconsin">Verona</a> and the villages of <a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Cottage Grove, Wisconsin">Cottage Grove</a>, <a href="/wiki/DeForest,_Wisconsin" title="DeForest, Wisconsin">DeForest</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waunakee" class="mw-redirect" title="Waunakee">Waunakee</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Mount_Horeb,_Wisconsin" title="Mount Horeb, Wisconsin">Mount Horeb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon,_Wisconsin" title="Oregon, Wisconsin">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Wisconsin" title="Stoughton, Wisconsin">Stoughton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cross_Plains,_Wisconsin" title="Cross Plains, Wisconsin">Cross Plains</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 94.03 square miles (243.54 km2), of which 76.79 square miles (198.89 km2) is land and 17.24 square miles (44.65 km2) is water.<a href="#cite_note-Gazetteer_files-38">[38]</a> The city is sometimes described as The City of Four Lakes, comprising the four successive lakes of the <a href="/wiki/Yahara_River" title="Yahara River">Yahara River</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a> ("Fourth Lake"), <a href="/wiki/Lake_Monona" title="Lake Monona">Lake Monona</a> ("Third Lake"), <a href="/wiki/Lake_Waubesa" title="Lake Waubesa">Lake Waubesa</a> ("Second Lake") and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Kegonsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Kegonsa">Lake Kegonsa</a> ("First Lake"),<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> although Waubesa and Kegonsa are not actually in Madison, but just south of it. A fifth smaller lake, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Wingra" title="Lake Wingra">Lake Wingra</a>, is within the city as well; it is connected to the Yahara River chain by Wingra Creek. The Yahara flows into the <a href="/wiki/Rock_River_(Mississippi_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock River (Mississippi River)">Rock River</a>, which flows into the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. Downtown Madison is located on an <a href="/wiki/Madison_Isthmus" title="Madison Isthmus">isthmus</a> between Lakes Mendota and Monona. The city's trademark of "Lake, City, Lake"<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> reflects this geography. The city's lowest elevation is the intersection of Regas Road and Corporate Drive on the east side, at 836.9 ft (255.1 m). The highest elevation is located along Pleasant View Road on the far west side of the city, atop a portion of a terminal <a href="/wiki/Moraine" title="Moraine">moraine</a> of the Green Bay Lobe of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin glaciation</a>, at 1,190 ft (360 m).<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods">edit</a>]</div> Local identity varies throughout Madison, with over 120 officially recognized neighborhood associations, such as the east side Williamson-Marquette Neighborhood.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Historically, the north, east, and south sides were <a href="/wiki/Blue_collar" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue collar">blue collar</a> while the west side was <a href="/wiki/White-collar_worker" title="White-collar worker">white collar</a>, and to a certain extent this remains true. Students dominate on the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin">University of Wisconsin</a> campus and to the east into downtown, while to its south and in <a href="/wiki/Shorewood_Hills,_Wisconsin" title="Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin">Shorewood Hills</a> on its west, faculty have been a major presence since those neighborhoods were originally developed. The turning point in Madison's development was the university's 1954 decision to develop its experimental farm on the western edge of town; since then, the city has grown substantially along suburban lines.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_commercial_areas">Major commercial areas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Major commercial areas">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hilldale">Hilldale</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hilldale">edit</a>]</div> The Hilldale area comprises the Hill Farms neighborhood, Sunset Village Neighborhood, and part of the suburb of <a href="/wiki/Shorewood_Hills,_Wisconsin" title="Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin">Shorewood Hills</a>. The area has long winding streets, and according to a planning document issued by the neighborhood association, a "suburban-like feel".<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The area is also a commercial district, and contains <a href="/wiki/Hilldale_Shopping_Center" title="Hilldale Shopping Center">Hilldale Shopping Center</a>, an outdoor shopping center containing restaurants and national retail chains. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Capitol_Square">Capitol Square</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Capitol Square">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_05-26-2012_012_(7398591826).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg/220px-Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg/330px-Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg/440px-Madison_05-26-2012_012_%287398591826%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Looking down <a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Madison)" title="State Street (Madison)">State Street</a> towards the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> during a <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Farmers%27_Market" title="Dane County Farmers' Market">Dane County Farmers' Market</a></figcaption></figure> The Capitol Square Area is Madison's <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">central business district</a>. It is home to high-rise apartments, restaurants, and shopping outlets. It contains several museums and is home to the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> building and the <a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> The capitol square holds several public events for the city of Madison including the <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Farmers%27_Market" title="Dane County Farmers' Market">Dane County Farmers' Market</a>, <a href="/wiki/Concerts_on_the_Square" title="Concerts on the Square">Concerts on the Square</a>, Taste of Madison and <a href="/wiki/Art_Fair_on_the_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Fair on the Square">Art Fair on the Square</a>. The area's nightlife is served by several bars and live music venues.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="State_Street">State Street</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: State Street">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Madison)" title="State Street (Madison)">State Street</a>, which links the University of Wisconsin campus with the Capitol Square, is lined with restaurants, espresso cafes, and shops. Only pedestrians, buses, emergency vehicles, delivery vehicles, and bikes are allowed on State Street.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> State Street is home to much of the nightlife of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, as it is the location of several bars and performance venues ranging from comedy clubs to multiple large theaters, including the Overture Center, which features local ballets and Broadway touring casts. State Street is also home to <a href="/wiki/Freakfest" class="mw-redirect" title="Freakfest">Freakfest</a>, the annual Halloween party in Madison. A newer event on State Street is the Madison Night Market occurring four nights during the year.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Park_Street">Park Street</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Park Street">edit</a>]</div> The Park Street Area, located in the south of Madison, contains multiple official neighborhoods, including Burr Oaks and Greenbush. It has been described as the "racially and economically diverse area of Madison". This is especially the case between the Beltline and Wingra Creek.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Park Street is home to ethnic restaurants and specialty grocery stores, as well as retail. Residential areas to the sides of Park Street tend to have smaller houses or condos, and a higher density of houses. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Monroe_Street">Monroe Street</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Monroe Street">edit</a>]</div> The Dudgeon-Monroe neighborhood neighbors downtown Madison. It is located around Monroe Street, a commercial area which has local shops, coffee houses, dining and galleries.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> It is home to a neighborhood jazz fest and Wingra Park, where people can rent paddle boats and canoes at the boathouse on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Wingra" title="Lake Wingra">Lake Wingra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Willy_Street">Willy Street</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Willy Street">edit</a>]</div> The Marquette neighborhood sits on the near east side of Madison. Willy (Williamson) Street contains locally owned shops, restaurants, and entertainment establishments, as well as art galleries, and the <a href="/wiki/Willy_Street_Cooperative" title="Willy Street Cooperative">Willy Street Co-op</a>. The houses in the Marquette neighborhood fall into two separate historic districts, Third Lake Ridge Historic District and Marquette Bungalow Historic District.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The area is also the location of festivals like the Waterfront Festival (June), <a href="/wiki/La_Fete_de_Marquette" title="La Fete de Marquette">La Fete de Marquette</a> (July), Orton Park Festival (August), and Willy Street Fair (September). The Willy Street neighborhood is a hub for Madison's bohemian culture. Houses lining the street are often painted colorfully, and the area has several murals.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Madison, along with the rest of the state, has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: Dfa), characterized by variable weather patterns and a large seasonal temperature variance: winter temperatures can be well below freezing, with moderate to occasionally heavy snowfall and temperatures reaching 0 °F or −17.8 °C on 17 mornings annually; high temperatures in summer average in the lower 80s °F (27–28 °C), reaching 90 °F (32.2 °C) on an average 12 afternoons per year,<a href="#cite_note-NOAA-54">[54]</a> with lower humidity levels than winter but higher than spring. Summer accounts for a greater proportion of annual rainfall, but winter still sees significant precipitation. <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Madison, Wisconsin (<a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Regional_Airport" title="Dane County Regional Airport">Dane County Regional Airport</a>), 1991–2020 normals,<a href="#cite_note-55">[a]</a> extremes 1869–present<a href="#cite_note-56">[b]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 (14) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70 (21) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83 (28) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94 (34) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">101 (38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">101 (38) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">107 (42) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102 (39) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99 (37) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90 (32) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77 (25) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68 (20) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">107 (42) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.2 (7.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.3 (10.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.1 (19.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.1 (26.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.6 (29.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.0 (32.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.2 (33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4 (32.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.6 (30.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.4 (26.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.9 (17.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.8 (10.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">94.1 (34.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0 (−2.8) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 (−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.6 (6.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.9 (13.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.0 (20.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.6 (25.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.1 (27.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.9 (26.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.9 (22.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.6 (15.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.8 (7.1) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3 (0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56.5 (13.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4 (−7.0) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0 (−5.0) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.3 (7.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.1 (14.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.0 (20.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.9 (22.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.7 (20.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.0 (16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.7 (9.8) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7 (2.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3 (−3.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.0 (8.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 (−11.2) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 (−9.5) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1 (−3.8) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.8 (2.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.1 (8.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.4 (14.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.6 (16.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.5 (15.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.0 (10.6) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.8 (4.3) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7 (−1.8) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (−7.7) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.6 (3.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−10.6 (−23.7) </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5 (−20.8) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 (−15.4) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3 (−5.9) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1 (0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2 (6.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.9 (9.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.1 (8.9) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.8 (2.1) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3 (−3.7) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 (−11.0) </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.6 (−19.2) </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−13.9 (−25.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−37 (−38) </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29 (−34) </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29 (−34) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (−18) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19 (−7) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 (−1) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36 (2) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35 (2) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25 (−4) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 (−11) </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−14 (−26) </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−28 (−33) </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−37 (−38) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.47 (37) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.52 (39) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.26 (57) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.78 (96) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.10 (104) </td> <td style="background: #30FF30; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.28 (134) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.51 (115) </td> <td style="background: #61FF61; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.16 (106) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.43 (87) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.77 (70) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.22 (56) </td> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.63 (41) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.13 (943) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.7 (35) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 (33) </td> <td style="background: #0000F1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">7.0 (18) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 (6.6) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.25) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 (1.5) </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 (7.6) </td> <td style="background: #00003E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.0 (30) </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">51.8 (132) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) </th> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">126.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) </th> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000E1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.4 </td> <td style="background: #0101FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.3 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000F8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000E1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000D8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000D1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">72.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C0C020; color:#000000;" class="notheme">143.0 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.3 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.3 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">206.7 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">263.1 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">293.1 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">304.9 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">270.2 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213.8 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.5 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.4 </td> <td style="background: #B1B17C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">109.5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,427.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FDFD2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF43; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">54 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<a href="#cite_note-NOAA-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt-57">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAAsun-58">[56]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>172</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>1,525</td><td></td><td>786.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>6,611</td><td></td><td>333.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>9,176</td><td></td><td>38.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>10,324</td><td></td><td>12.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>13,426</td><td></td><td>30.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>19,164</td><td></td><td>42.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>25,531</td><td></td><td>33.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>38,378</td><td></td><td>50.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>57,899</td><td></td><td>50.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>67,447</td><td></td><td>16.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>96,056</td><td></td><td>42.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>126,706</td><td></td><td>31.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>171,809</td><td></td><td>35.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>170,616</td><td></td><td>−0.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>191,262</td><td></td><td>12.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>208,054</td><td></td><td>8.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>233,209</td><td></td><td>12.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>269,840</td><td></td><td>15.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">280,305</td><td></td><td>3.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote" style="text-align: center">U.S. Decennial Census<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_census">2020 census</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 2020 census">edit</a>]</div> As of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">census of 2020</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2020-census-5548000-60">[58]</a> the population was 269,840. The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> was 3,391 inhabitants per square mile (1,309.3/km2). There were 126,070 housing units at an average density of 1,584 per square mile (611.6/km2). Ethnically, the population was 8.7% <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race. When grouping both Hispanic and non-Hispanic people together by race, the city was 71.0% <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White</a>, 9.5% <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 7.4% <a href="/wiki/Black_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black (U.S. Census)">Black</a> or <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">African American</a>, 0.5% <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a>, 0.1% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a>, 3.8% from <a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States census">other races</a>, and 7.8% from two or more races. <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible"> <caption>Racial and ethnic composition as of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a><a href="#cite_note-2020-census-5548000-P2-61">[59]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race or Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Alone </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total <a href="#cite_note-62">[c]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> (NH) </td> <td>69.2% </td> <td align="left">69.2<div style="width:138.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td> <td>73.6% </td> <td align="left">73.6<div style="width:147.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> (NH) </td> <td>9.5% </td> <td align="left">9.5<div style="width:19px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td> <td>11.0% </td> <td align="left">11<div style="width:22px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> (NH) </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td align="left">7.2<div style="width:14.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td> <td>9.0% </td> <td align="left">9<div style="width:18px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[d]</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td> </td> <td>8.7% </td> <td align="left">8.7<div style="width:17.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> (NH) </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td align="left">0.3<div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td align="left">1.2<div style="width:2.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> (NH) </td> <td>0.05% </td> <td align="left">0.05<div style="width:0.1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td> <td>0.10% </td> <td align="left">0.1<div style="width:0.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td align="left">0.4<div style="width:0.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td> <td>1.3% </td> <td align="left">1.3<div style="width:2.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> The 2020 census population of the city included 548 people incarcerated in adult correctional facilities and 9,909 people in university student housing.<a href="#cite_note-2020-P5-5548000-64">[60]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Madison city, Wisconsin – Racial and Ethnic Composition <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) </th> <th>Pop 2000<a href="#cite_note-2000CensusP004-65">[61]</a> </th> <th>Pop 2010<a href="#cite_note-2010CensusP2-66">[62]</a> </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Pop 2020<a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-67">[63]</a> </th> <th>% 2000 </th> <th>% 2010 </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>170,509 </td> <td>176,463 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">186,764 </td> <td>81.95% </td> <td>75.67% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">69.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans">Black or African American</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>11,987 </td> <td>16,507 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">19,557 </td> <td>5.76% </td> <td>7.08% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">7.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>648 </td> <td>763 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">710 </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>0.33% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.26% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>12,000 </td> <td>17,126 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">25,547 </td> <td>5.77% </td> <td>7.34% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">9.47% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>73 </td> <td>67 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">140 </td> <td>0.04% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States census">Some Other Race</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>300 </td> <td>374 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">1,158 </td> <td>0.14% </td> <td>0.16% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed Race or Multi-Racial</a> (NH) </td> <td>4,025 </td> <td>5,961 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">12,556 </td> <td>1.93% </td> <td>2.56% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">4.65% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (any race) </td> <td>8,512 </td> <td>15,948 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">23,408 </td> <td>4.09% </td> <td>6.84% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">8.67% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total </td> <td>208,054 </td> <td>233,209 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">269,840 </td> <td>100.00% </td> <td>100.00% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">100.00% </td></tr></tbody></table> According to the <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a> estimates for 2016–2020, the median income for a household in the city was $67,565, and the median income for a family was $96,502. Male full-time workers had a median income of $56,618 versus $48,760 for female workers. The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> for the city was $39,595. About 6.0% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.<a href="#cite_note-2020-EconChar-5548000-68">[64]</a> Of the population age 25 and over, 95.9% were high school graduates or higher and 58.5% had a bachelor's degree or higher.<a href="#cite_note-2020-SocChar-5548000-69">[65]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png/220px-Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png/330px-Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Madison-Janesville-Beloit_CSA.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="459" /></a><figcaption>Madison-Janesville-Beloit CSA: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Madison MSA</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Janesville-Beloit MSA</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Baraboo μSA</div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_census">2010 census</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 2010 census">edit</a>]</div> As of the <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">census</a><a href="#cite_note-FactFinder-70">[66]</a> of 2010, there were 233,209 people, 102,516 households, and 47,824 families residing in the city. The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> was 3,037 inhabitants per square mile (1,172.6/km2). There were 108,843 housing units at an average density of 1,417 per square mile (547.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 78.9 percent white, 7.3 percent black, 0.4 percent American Indian, 7.4 percent Asian, 2.9 percent other races, and 3.1 from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race were 6.8 percent of the population. There were 102,516 households, of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 17.5 percent of residents were under the age of 18; 19.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.4% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 9.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metropolitan_area">Metropolitan area</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Metropolitan area">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area" title="Madison metropolitan area">Madison metropolitan area</a>, as defined by the United States <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Office of Management and Budget</a>, is the area consisting of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Wisconsin" title="Columbia County, Wisconsin">Columbia</a>, Dane, <a href="/wiki/Green_County,_Wisconsin" title="Green County, Wisconsin">Green</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iowa_County,_Wisconsin" title="Iowa County, Wisconsin">Iowa</a> counties anchored by the city of Madison.<a href="#cite_note-OMB_13-01-71">[67]</a> As of the 2020 census, the metro area had a population of 680,796. The Madison–<a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beloit,_Wisconsin" title="Beloit, Wisconsin">Beloit</a> <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">combined statistical area</a> consists of the four counties in the Madison metro area as well as <a href="/wiki/Rock_County,_Wisconsin" title="Rock County, Wisconsin">Rock County</a> (Janesville–Beloit metropolitan area) and <a href="/wiki/Sauk_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauk County">Sauk County</a> (Baraboo micropolitan area). The population of this region as of the 2020 census was 910,246.<a href="#cite_note-OMB_13-01-71">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg/220px-Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg/330px-Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg/440px-Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3220" data-file-height="2223" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue" title="Gates of Heaven Synagogue">Gates of Heaven Synagogue</a></figcaption></figure> Madison is the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">episcopal see</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Madison" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison">Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/InterVarsity_Christian_Fellowship" title="InterVarsity Christian Fellowship">InterVarsity Christian Fellowship</a>/USA has its headquarters in Madison. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Evangelical_Lutheran_Synod" title="Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod">Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod</a> has three churches in Madison: Eastside Lutheran Church,<a href="#cite_note-73">[69]</a> Our Redeemer Lutheran Church,<a href="#cite_note-74">[70]</a> and Wisconsin Lutheran Chapel.<a href="#cite_note-75">[71]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Synod" title="Evangelical Lutheran Synod">Evangelical Lutheran Synod</a> has fifteen churches in Madison, including Grace Lutheran Church,<a href="#cite_note-76">[72]</a> Holy Cross Lutheran Church,<a href="#cite_note-77">[73]</a> and Our Saviour's Lutheran Church.<a href="#cite_note-78">[74]</a> Most American Christian movements are represented in the city, including mainline denominations, evangelical, charismatic and fully independent churches, including an <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">LDS</a> <a href="/wiki/Stake_(LDS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stake (LDS)">stake</a>. The city also has multiple <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> Gurdwaras, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> temples, three <a href="/wiki/Mosques" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosques">mosques</a> and several <a href="/wiki/Synagogues" class="mw-redirect" title="Synagogues">synagogues</a>, a community center serving the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Quaker_Meeting_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker Meeting House">Quaker Meeting House</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Unity_Church" title="Unity Church">Unity Church</a> congregation. The nation's third largest congregation of <a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Universalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitarian Universalists">Unitarian Universalists</a>,<a href="#cite_note-79">[75]</a> the <a href="/wiki/First_Unitarian_Society_of_Madison" title="First Unitarian Society of Madison">First Unitarian Society of Madison</a>, makes its home in the historic Unitarian Meeting House, designed by one of its members, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[76]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Heaven_Synagogue" title="Gates of Heaven Synagogue">Gates of Heaven Synagogue</a> in <a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Park" title="James Madison Park">James Madison Park</a> is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="List of the oldest synagogues in the United States">eighth-oldest-surviving synagogue</a> building in the U.S. Madison is home to the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_from_Religion_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom from Religion Foundation">Freedom from Religion Foundation</a>, a non-profit organization that promotes the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">separation of church and state</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed sortable floatright"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Homicides</th> <th>Robbery</th> <th>Burglary </th></tr> <tr> <th>1976<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2006-81">[77]</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td>114 </td> <td>2292 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1977<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>122 </td> <td>2440 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1986<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2006-81">[77]</a> </th> <td>3 </td> <td>211 </td> <td>1988 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1996<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2006-81">[77]</a> </th> <td>1 </td> <td>301 </td> <td>1389 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1999<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2006-81">[77]</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td>265 </td> <td>1356 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2000<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>286 </td> <td>1267 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2001<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td>295 </td> <td>1358 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2002<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>5 </td> <td>269 </td> <td>1570 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2003<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td>282 </td> <td>1611 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2004<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>3 </td> <td>292 </td> <td>1467 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2005<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>3 </td> <td>330 </td> <td>1462 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2006<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>435 </td> <td>1627 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2007<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>8 </td> <td>410 </td> <td>2059 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2008<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>10 </td> <td>368 </td> <td>2038 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2009<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>364 </td> <td>1523 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2010<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2011-83">[79]</a> </th> <td>2 </td> <td>333 </td> <td>1652 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2011<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2011-83">[79]</a> </th> <td>7 </td> <td>272 </td> <td>1446 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2012<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2013-84">[80]</a> </th> <td>3 </td> <td>249 </td> <td>1594 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2013<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2013-84">[80]</a> </th> <td>5 </td> <td>301 </td> <td>1360 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>5 </td> <td>225 </td> <td>1126 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2015<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>1208 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2016<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>8 </td> <td>235 </td> <td>1001 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2017<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>11 </td> <td>223 </td> <td>936 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2018<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>5 </td> <td>266 </td> <td>1078 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2019<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>243 </td> <td>1081 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>10 </td> <td>190 </td> <td>1316 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2021<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> </th> <td>10 </td> <td>158 </td> <td>978 </td></tr></tbody></table> There were 53 homicides reported by Madison Police from 2000 to 2009.<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2009-82">[78]</a> The highest total was 10 in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-86">[82]</a> Police reported 28 murders from 2010 to 2015, with the highest year being 7 murders in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-annualReport2011-83">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-annualReport2013-84">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-annualReport2015-85">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Category:Companies based in Madison, Wisconsin">Companies based in Madison, Wisconsin</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg/220px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg/330px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg/440px-Wisconsin_State_Capitol_from_Monona_Terrace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3680" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption>View of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> from <a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a></figcaption></figure> Madison's economy is marked by the sectors of government, education, <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare">healthcare</a>, and is supplemented by <a href="/wiki/Agribusiness" title="Agribusiness">agribusiness</a>, food and precision <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a> in the greater Madison region.<a href="#cite_note-87">[83]</a> Many businesses are attracted to Madison's skill base, taking advantage of the area's high level of education; 48.2% of Madison's population over the age of 25 holds at least a bachelor's degree.<a href="#cite_note-88">[84]</a> The University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics (UW Health), and Wisconsin state government remain the largest employers in the city, while <a href="/wiki/Epic_Systems" title="Epic Systems">Epic Systems</a> is the largest private sector employer.<a href="#cite_note-largest_employers-89">[85]</a> The Madison metropolitan area is home to multiple <a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">financial services</a> companies, including the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Credit_Union_National_Association" title="Credit Union National Association">Credit Union National Association</a> (CUNA), <a href="/wiki/American_Family_Insurance" title="American Family Insurance">American Family Insurance</a>, <a href="/wiki/CUNA_Mutual_Group" title="CUNA Mutual Group">CUNA Mutual Group</a>, and <a href="/wiki/National_Guardian_Life" title="National Guardian Life">National Guardian Life</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Onion" title="The Onion">The Onion</a> satirical newspaper, as well as the pizza chains <a href="/wiki/Glass_Nickel_Pizza_Company" title="Glass Nickel Pizza Company">Glass Nickel Pizza Company</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Rococo" title="Rocky Rococo">Rocky Rococo</a>, originated in Madison.<a href="#cite_note-90">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_and_education">Government and education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Government and education">edit</a>]</div> As Madison is the <a href="/wiki/State_capital" class="mw-redirect" title="State capital">state capital</a> of Wisconsin, it is home to the primary offices of most state agencies. It also has multiple federal-level bureaus, such as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Wisconsin" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin">United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin</a>, and government-adjacent <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_organization" title="Nonprofit organization">nonprofit organizations</a> and lobbying groups such as <a href="/wiki/CatholicVote.org" title="CatholicVote.org">CatholicVote.org</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Media_and_Democracy" title="Center for Media and Democracy">Center for Media and Democracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_From_Religion_Foundation" title="Freedom From Religion Foundation">Freedom From Religion Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/League_of_Wisconsin_Municipalities" title="League of Wisconsin Municipalities">League of Wisconsin Municipalities</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MacIver_Institute" title="MacIver Institute">MacIver Institute</a>. Other non-governmental business and research associations and organizations are also based in Madison, including <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Media_Workflow_Association" title="Advanced Media Workflow Association">Advanced Media Workflow Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Dairy-Deli-Bakery_Association" title="International Dairy-Deli-Bakery Association">International Dairy-Deli-Bakery Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Research_on_Nicotine_and_Tobacco" title="Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco">Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soil_Science_Society_of_America" title="Soil Science Society of America">Soil Science Society of America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tavern_League_of_Wisconsin" title="Tavern League of Wisconsin">Tavern League of Wisconsin</a>. Madison also contains the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, a research institution that employs over 25,000 faculty and staff.<a href="#cite_note-92">[88]</a> It is the official state university of Wisconsin and the flagship campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_System" title="University of Wisconsin System">University of Wisconsin System</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biotechnology_and_health_sciences">Biotechnology and health sciences</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Biotechnology and health sciences">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/220px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/330px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg/440px-UW_Health_and_UWSMPH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4838" data-file-height="3771" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/UW_Health_University_Hospital" title="UW Health University Hospital">UW Health University Hospital</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health" title="University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health">Health Sciences Learning Center</a>, and the Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research as viewed from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a></figcaption></figure> Madison is home to a large biotech and health information technology scene.<a href="#cite_note-93">[89]</a> Notable companies headquartered in Madison in this field include <a href="/wiki/Epic_Systems" title="Epic Systems">Epic Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Invitrogen" title="Invitrogen">Panvera (now part of Invitrogen)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exact_Sciences_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exact Sciences (company)">Exact Sciences</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Promega" title="Promega">Promega</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arrowhead_Pharmaceuticals" title="Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals">Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals</a>,<a href="#cite_note-94">[90]</a> Thermo Fischer Scientific, <a href="/wiki/Pipette" title="Pipette">pipette</a> manufacturer Gilson, <a href="/wiki/Catalent" title="Catalent">Catalent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fortrea" title="Fortrea">Fortrea</a> have operations in the city.<a href="#cite_note-95">[91]</a> The <a href="/wiki/UW_Health_University_Hospital" title="UW Health University Hospital">University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics</a> is an important regional teaching hospital and regional trauma center, with strengths in transplant medicine, oncology, digestive disorders, and endocrinology.<a href="#cite_note-96">[92]</a> Other Madison hospitals include <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Hospital_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's Hospital (Madison, Wisconsin)">St. Mary's Hospital</a>,<a href="#cite_note-97">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Meriter_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Meriter Hospital">Meriter Hospital</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/VA_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="VA Medical Center">VA Medical Center</a>. Information technology companies in Madison include <a href="/wiki/Broadjam" title="Broadjam">Broadjam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zendesk" title="Zendesk">Zendesk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Full_Compass_Systems" title="Full Compass Systems">Full Compass Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raven_Software" title="Raven Software">Raven Software</a>, <a href="/wiki/EatStreet" title="EatStreet">EatStreet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a>. Madison's community <a href="/wiki/Hackerspace" title="Hackerspace">hackerspaces/makerspaces</a> are Sector67, which serves inventors and entrepreneurs, and The Bodgery, which serves hobbyists, artists, and tinkerers. Start up incubators and connectors include StartingBlock, <a href="/wiki/Gener8tor" title="Gener8tor">gener8tor</a> and University Research Park. <a href="/wiki/Epic_Systems" title="Epic Systems">Epic Systems</a> was based in Madison from 1979 to 2005, when it moved to a larger campus in the nearby Madison suburb of <a href="/wiki/Verona,_Wisconsin" title="Verona, Wisconsin">Verona</a>. Other firms include Nordic, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forward_Health&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forward Health (page does not exist)">Forward Health</a>, and Forte Research Systems.<a href="#cite_note-98">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacturing_and_agriculture">Manufacturing and agriculture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Manufacturing and agriculture">edit</a>]</div> The Madison metropolitan area is home to the headquarters or manufacturing of three notable bicycle brands: <a href="/wiki/Trek_Bicycle_Corporation" title="Trek Bicycle Corporation">Trek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose_(company)" title="Mongoose (company)">Mongoose</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Cycle" title="Pacific Cycle">Pacific Cycle</a>. The area is home to the luxury appliance companies <a href="/wiki/Sub-Zero_Refrigerator" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Zero Refrigerator">Sub-Zero & Wolf Appliance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spectrum_Brands" title="Spectrum Brands">Spectrum Brands</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Rayovac" class="mw-redirect" title="Rayovac">Rayovac</a>). Other advanced manufacturing and consumer goods companies headquartered in the area include <a href="/wiki/American_Girl" title="American Girl">American Girl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lands%27_End" title="Lands' End">Lands' End</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shopbop" title="Shopbop">Shopbop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colony_Brands" title="Colony Brands">Colony Brands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a>.<a href="#cite_note-largest_employers-89">[85]</a> Supported by naturally fertile soil, Madison's infrastructure supports food production, processing, and distribution. Major employers include <a href="/wiki/Hormel_Foods" title="Hormel Foods">Hormel Foods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Del_Monte_Foods" title="Del Monte Foods">Del Monte</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frito-Lay" title="Frito-Lay">Frito-Lay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-608today.6amcity.com-99">[95]</a> The meat producer <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Mayer" title="Oscar Mayer">Oscar Mayer</a> was a Madison fixture for decades, and was a family business for many years before being sold to <a href="/wiki/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods">Kraft Foods</a>. Its Madison headquarters and manufacturing facility were shuttered in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-100">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="List of public art in Madison, Wisconsin">List of public art in Madison, Wisconsin</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attractions_and_museums">Attractions and museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Attractions and museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg/220px-Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg/330px-Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg/440px-Olbrich_thai_elephant1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="357" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sala_(Thai_architecture)" title="Sala (Thai architecture)">Thai sala</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens" title="Olbrich Botanical Gardens">Olbrich Botanical Gardens</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Union_(University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison)" title="Memorial Union (University of Wisconsin–Madison)">Memorial Union</a> is a central gathering place on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a>. Memorial Union Terrace is home to uniquely designed "terrace chairs" with a sunburst design that have become a symbol of the city.<a href="#cite_note-101">[97]</a> The Memorial Union hosts concerts, plays, and comedy and is home to multiple restaurants and ice cream shops serving both the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus and the greater city. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Vilas_Zoo" title="Henry Vilas Zoo">Henry Vilas Zoo</a> is a 28-acre (11 ha) public <a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">zoo</a> owned by Dane County which receives over 750,000 visitors annually.<a href="#cite_note-102">[98]</a> It is one of ten remaining free zoos in North America.<a href="#cite_note-103">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[100]</a> <a href="/wiki/Olbrich_Botanical_Gardens" title="Olbrich Botanical Gardens">Olbrich Botanical Gardens</a> contains a 16-acre outdoor <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden" title="Botanical garden">botanical garden</a> and 10,000-square-foot <a href="/wiki/Conservatory_(greenhouse)" title="Conservatory (greenhouse)">conservatory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-105">[101]</a> Founded in 1952 and named for its founder, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Olbrich" title="Michael Olbrich">Michael Olbrich</a>, the gardens are owned and operated jointly by the City of Madison Parks and the non-profit Olbrich Botanical Society. Noteworthy is the <a href="/wiki/Sala_(Thai_architecture)" title="Sala (Thai architecture)">Thai sala</a>, a gift to the University of Wisconsin–Madison from the Thai Chapter of the Wisconsin Alumni Association and the government of <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> through its king, <a href="/wiki/Bhumibol_Adulyadej" title="Bhumibol Adulyadej">Bhumibol Adulyadej</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[102]</a> Art museums include the University of Wisconsin–Madison's <a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art" title="Madison Museum of Contemporary Art">Madison Museum of Contemporary Art</a>, which annually organizes the Art Fair on the Square. Madison also has independent art studios, galleries, and arts organizations, with events such as <a href="/wiki/Art_Fair_Off_the_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Fair Off the Square">Art Fair Off the Square</a>. Other museums include <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Museum" title="Wisconsin Historical Museum">Wisconsin Historical Museum</a> (run by the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a>),<a href="#cite_note-107">[103]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Veterans_Museum" title="Wisconsin Veterans Museum">Wisconsin Veterans Museum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-108">[104]</a> the LR Ingersoll Physics Museum,<a href="#cite_note-109">[105]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Children%27s_Museum" title="Madison Children's Museum">Madison Children's Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Architecture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_1-3-2011_019_(6793958672).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg/220px-Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg/330px-Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg/440px-Madison_1-3-2011_019_%286793958672%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a> convention center as seen from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Monona" title="Lake Monona">Lake Monona</a></figcaption></figure> Madison's architectural landmarks reflect a wide range of styles, ranging from the first <a href="/wiki/Usonia" title="Usonia">Usonian</a> house designed by <a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">modern architect</a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a> to imposing <a href="/wiki/Brutalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutalist">brutalist</a> buildings on the campus of UW–Madison and <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a> towers interspersed through the downtown. Some of the most prominent buildings on the skyline include the <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts</a> <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Renaissance Revival">Renaissance Revival</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Memorial_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin Memorial Union">University of Wisconsin Memorial Union</a>, the Wright-designed <a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">postmodern</a> <a href="/wiki/Overture_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Overture Center for the Arts">Overture Center for the Arts</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Pelli" title="César Pelli">César Pelli</a>. The height of Madison's skyline is limited by a state law that restricts building heights in the downtown area. All buildings within one mile (1.6 km) of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> have to be less than 1,032.8 feet (314.8 m) above sea level to preserve the view of the building from most areas of the city.<a href="#cite_note-111">[107]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> dome was modeled after the dome of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Capitol" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Capitol">U.S. Capitol</a>, and was erected on the high point of the isthmus. Capitol Square is located in Madison's urban core. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prairie_and_Usonian">Prairie and Usonian</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Prairie and Usonian">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg/220px-Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg/330px-Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg/440px-Jacobs_First_House_-_living_room_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3764" data-file-height="2420" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Herbert_and_Katherine_Jacobs_First_House" title="Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House">Jacobs First House</a> is a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></figcaption></figure> Madison is home to <a href="/wiki/List_of_Frank_Lloyd_Wright_works" title="List of Frank Lloyd Wright works">eight buildings</a> designed by influential Wisconsin-born <a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">modern architect</a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>, more than any city outside of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a>. Wright, who spent much of his childhood in Madison and studied briefly at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>, was based at <a href="/wiki/Taliesin_(studio)" title="Taliesin (studio)">Taliesin</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Spring_Green,_Wisconsin" title="Spring Green, Wisconsin">Spring Green</a> for most of his career. His designs in Madison include the city's lakefront <a href="/wiki/Convention_center" title="Convention center">convention center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a>, as well as Wright's first <a href="/wiki/Usonia" title="Usonia">Usonian</a> house, the <a href="/wiki/Herbert_and_Katherine_Jacobs_First_House" title="Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House">Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/The_20th-Century_Architecture_of_Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Frank_Lloyd_Wright_Architecture_by_City_and_State-112">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_20th-Century_Architecture_of_Frank_Lloyd_Wright-9">[9]</a> Other well-known prairie style and usonian architects <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Louis Sullivan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude_and_Starck" title="Claude and Starck">Claude and Starck</a> also have well known buildings in the city.<a href="#cite_note-113">[109]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Harold_C._Bradley_House" title="Harold C. Bradley House">Harold C. Bradley House</a> in the University Heights neighborhood was designed collaboratively by Sullivan and <a href="/wiki/George_Grant_Elmslie" title="George Grant Elmslie">George Grant Elmslie</a> in 1908–1910.<a href="#cite_note-sigma-114">[110]</a> Claude and Starck designed over 175 Madison buildings, and many are still standing, including <a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a>, Doty School (now condominiums), and many private residences.<a href="#cite_note-115">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brutalist">Brutalist</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Brutalist">edit</a>]</div> Madison, and especially the UW–Madison campus, have numerous buildings in the <a href="/wiki/Brutalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutalist">brutalist</a> style. These structures include the George L. Mosse Humanities Building designed by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Weese" title="Harry Weese">Harry Weese</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chazen_Museum_of_Art" title="Chazen Museum of Art">Chazen Museum of Art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Art_Deco">Art Deco</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Art Deco">edit</a>]</div> Downtown Madison is home to numerous examples of the <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Art_moderne" class="mw-redirect" title="Art moderne">art moderne</a> styles. Examples include Quisling Terrace, where rounded corners and terracing adorn a medical clinic turned condominium, and <a href="/wiki/Tenney_Building" title="Tenney Building">Tenney Plaza</a>, where lake views, marble and brass lobby details, and vertical lines mark the first <a href="/wiki/Steel_frame" title="Steel frame">steel frame</a> high rise in the city.<a href="#cite_note-117">[113]</a> The art deco <a href="/wiki/State_Office_Building_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="State Office Building (Madison, Wisconsin)">State Office Building</a> is the tallest office building in the city. It was built in 1931 and is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[114]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Orpheum_Theatre_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="Orpheum Theatre (Madison, Wisconsin)">Orpheum Theater</a> is located on State Street one block from the capital. This Art Deco building was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Madison's best surviving representative of the <a href="/wiki/Movie_palace" title="Movie palace">movie palace</a> era.<a href="#cite_note-119">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-World%27s_Largest_Brat_Fest_Midway_2010_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brat_Fest" title="Brat Fest">Brat Fest</a>, a festival centered on the <a href="/wiki/Bratwurst" title="Bratwurst">bratwurst</a> sausage, has been held every <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a> weekend since 1983.</figcaption></figure> Madison's proximity to fertile lands and the city's ethnic history play an important role in defining the city's cuisine, which is marked by dairy; farm-to-table fine dining; German, Scandinavian, and Hmong cuisine; and the consumption of alcohol. The land surrounding Madison is home to a numerous <a href="/wiki/Dairy_farms" class="mw-redirect" title="Dairy farms">dairy farms</a>, which leads to a dairy heavy cuisine. The Combined Statistical Area host numerous cheesemakers, including the award-winning <a href="/wiki/Uplands_Cheese_Company" title="Uplands Cheese Company">Uplands Cheese</a>, Hooks Cheese Company, and Landmark Creamery.<a href="#cite_note-120">[116]</a> Restaurants in Madison often feature <a href="/wiki/Cheese_curds" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheese curds">cheese curds</a> served either fried with dipping sauce, such as <a href="/wiki/Ranch_dressing" title="Ranch dressing">ranch dressing</a> or "squeaky" (not cooked, so called because of the squeaking sound they often make against the teeth when chewed), usually served without dipping sauce. Another popular food is <a href="/wiki/Hot_and_spicy_cheese_bread" title="Hot and spicy cheese bread">hot and spicy cheese bread</a>, made by some Madison bakeries and available at farmer's markets around the city.<a href="#cite_note-121">[117]</a> <a href="/wiki/Beer_soup" title="Beer soup">Beer cheese soup</a> is a favorite wintertime comfort food. Other agricultural activity in the Madison area involves the growing of fruits like <a href="/wiki/Cranberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Cranberries">cranberries</a> and popular vegetables, including snap beans, carrots, corn and potatoes.<a href="#cite_note-122">[118]</a> On Saturday mornings in the summer, the <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Farmers%27_Market" title="Dane County Farmers' Market">Dane County Farmers' Market</a> is held around Capitol Square, the largest producer-only farmers' market in the country.<a href="#cite_note-123">[119]</a> A smaller version of this market is held on Martin Luther King Boulevard on Wednesdays during the summer.<a href="#cite_note-124">[120]</a> In late fall, this market moves indoors, first as the Holiday Market<a href="#cite_note-125">[121]</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Monona_Terrace" title="Monona Terrace">Monona Terrace</a>. Later it becomes the Late Winter Market<a href="#cite_note-126">[122]</a> at the Madison Senior Center. This market attracts numerous vendors who sell fresh produce, meat, cheese, and other products. The popularity of fresh and local produce has led to a farm-to-table culture in Madison<a href="#cite_note-127">[123]</a>—the city is home to several <a href="/wiki/James_Beard_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="James Beard Award">James Beard Award</a> winners, gastropubs, and farm-to-table restaurants.<a href="#cite_note-128">[124]</a> Morning Buns, a variety of <a href="/wiki/Sticky_bun" title="Sticky bun">sticky bun</a> made with <a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">croissant</a> dough, were invented in Madison at the late restaurant the Ovens of Brittany.<a href="#cite_note-129">[125]</a> Madison is home to numerous Wisconsin-style <a href="/wiki/Supper_club" title="Supper club">supper clubs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[126]</a> An all-you-can-eat Friday night <a href="/wiki/Fish_fry" title="Fish fry">fish fry</a> is particularly common at Wisconsin supper clubs, as are <a href="/wiki/Old_fashioned_(cocktail)" title="Old fashioned (cocktail)">old fashioned cocktails</a>. Some restaurants in Madison follow the general Wisconsin supper club practice of restaurants serving "Friday fish fry, Saturday prime rib special, Sunday chicken dinner special."<a href="#cite_note-131">[127]</a> Madison's ethnic history has a strong influence on the city's cuisine. German immigrants to Madison in the late 19th and early 20th century brought with them a strong culinary tradition. Multiple restaurants in Madison are modeled after German-style <a href="/wiki/Beer_hall" title="Beer hall">beer halls</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Some restaurants participate in twice-monthly (from June to October, once a month otherwise) Bavarian <a href="/wiki/Smorgasbord" title="Smorgasbord">smorgasbord</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Madison is home to a large <a href="/wiki/Hmong_people" title="Hmong people">Hmong</a> population, leading to a variety of <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laotian</a> and Hmong restaurants that make the city a "national hub of <a href="/wiki/Hmong_cuisine" title="Hmong cuisine">Hmong cuisine</a>".<a href="#cite_note-132">[128]</a> The city is home to unique foods such as the large <a href="/wiki/Spring_rolls#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring rolls">spring rolls</a> sold from the food carts on Capital Square and State Street, particularly in warmer months.<a href="#cite_note-133">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Events">Events</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Events">edit</a>]</div> Madison is home to the World's Largest <a href="/wiki/Brat_Fest" title="Brat Fest">Brat Fest</a> which sells over 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Bratwurst" title="Bratwurst">bratwurst</a> sausages annually during <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a> weekend.<a href="#cite_note-134">[130]</a> The Great Taste of the Midwest craft beer festival, established in 1987 and the second-longest-running such event in North America,<a href="#cite_note-135">[131]</a> is held the second Saturday in August. The highly coveted tickets sell out within an hour of going on sale in May.<a href="#cite_note-136">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Concerts_on_the_square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Concerts_on_the_square.jpg/260px-Concerts_on_the_square.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Concerts_on_the_square.jpg/390px-Concerts_on_the_square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Concerts_on_the_square.jpg/520px-Concerts_on_the_square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Concerts_on_the_Square" title="Concerts on the Square">Concerts on the Square</a></figcaption></figure> Madison's music scene covers a spectrum of musical culture.<a href="#cite_note-137">[133]</a> Several venues offer live music nightly, spreading from the historic Barrymore Theatre and High Noon Saloon on the east side to<a href="#cite_note-138">[134]</a> small coffee houses and wine bars. The biggest headliners sometimes perform at the Orpheum Theatre, the <a href="/wiki/Overture_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Overture Center">Overture Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Energy_Center" title="Alliant Energy Center">Alliant Energy Center</a>, or the UW Theatre on campus. Other major rock and pop venues include the Majestic Theatre, the Sylvee, and The Bartell. During the summer, the Memorial Union Terrace on the University of Wisconsin campus, offers live music five nights a week. The Union is located on the shores of Lake Mendota. In the summer, Madison hosts many music festivals. <a href="/wiki/Concerts_on_the_Square" title="Concerts on the Square">Concerts on the Square</a> is a weekly Madison tradition during the summer. On Wednesday evenings, the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Chamber_Orchestra" title="Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra">Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra</a> performs free concerts on the capitol's lawn,<a href="#cite_note-139">[135]</a> and people come to listen to the music while picnicking on the grass. Other annual music events include the Waterfront Festival, the Willy Street Fair, Atwood Summerfest, the Isthmus Jazz Festival, the Orton Park Festival, 94.1 WJJO's Band Camp, Greekfest, the WORT Block Party and the Sugar Maple Traditional Music Festival, and the Madison World Music Festival. One of the latest additions is the <a href="/wiki/La_Fete_de_Marquette" title="La Fete de Marquette">La Fete de Marquette</a>, taking place around <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">Bastille Day</a> at various east side locations and celebrating French music with Cajun influences. Madison also hosts an annual <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic music</a> festival, Reverence, and the Folk Ball, a <a href="/wiki/World_music" title="World music">world music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Folk_dance" title="Folk dance">Folk dance</a> festival held annually in January. Madison also plays host to the National Women's Music Festival.<a href="#cite_note-National_Women's_Music_Festival-140">[136]</a> UW-Madison also hosts the annual music and arts festival, Revelry, on campus at the Memorial Union each spring. The festival is put on by students for students as an end of the year celebration on campus.<a href="#cite_note-141">[137]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Scouts_Drum_and_Bugle_Corps" title="Madison Scouts Drum and Bugle Corps">Madison Scouts Drum and Bugle Corps</a> is a competitive <a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bugle_corps_(modern)" title="Drum and bugle corps (modern)">drum corps</a> group based in Madison that competes and tours across North America as part of <a href="/wiki/Drum_Corps_International" title="Drum Corps International">Drum Corps International</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[138]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Marching_Band" title="University of Wisconsin Marching Band">University of Wisconsin Marching Band</a> performs at various local concerts and parades. Madison has a lively independent rock scene, and local <a href="/wiki/Independent_record_labels" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent record labels">independent record labels</a> include <a href="/wiki/Crustacean_Records" title="Crustacean Records">Crustacean Records</a>, Science of Sound,<a href="#cite_note-143">[139]</a> Kind Turkey Records,<a href="#cite_note-144">[140]</a> and Art Paul Schlosser Inc. Madison was home to <a href="/wiki/Smart_Studios" title="Smart Studios">Smart Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butch_Vig" title="Butch Vig">Butch Vig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steve_Marker" title="Steve Marker">Steve Marker</a>'s longtime studio where many notable alternative rock records of the 1990s and 2000s were recorded and/or produced. A <a href="/wiki/Dr._Demento" title="Dr. Demento">Dr. Demento</a> and weekly live <a href="/wiki/Karaoke" title="Karaoke">karaoke</a> favorite is <a href="/wiki/The_Gomers" title="The Gomers">The Gomers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[143]</a> They have performed with fellow <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> residents <a href="/wiki/Les_Paul" title="Les Paul">Les Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steve_Miller_(musician)" title="Steve Miller (musician)">Steve Miller</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[144]</a> Madison is also home to other nationally known artists such as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kowert" title="Paul Kowert">Paul Kowert</a> of <a href="/wiki/Punch_Brothers" title="Punch Brothers">Punch Brothers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mama_Digdown%27s_Brass_Band" title="Mama Digdown's Brass Band">Mama Digdown's Brass Band</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Stubblefield" title="Clyde Stubblefield">Clyde Stubblefield</a> of <a href="/wiki/Funky_Drummer" title="Funky Drummer">Funky Drummer</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Brown" title="James Brown">James Brown</a> fame, and musicians <a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Mitchell" title="Roscoe Mitchell">Roscoe Mitchell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Davis_(double_bassist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Davis (double bassist)">Richard Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Sidran" title="Ben Sidran">Ben Sidran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sexy_Ester_and_the_Pretty_Mama_Sisters" title="Sexy Ester and the Pretty Mama Sisters">Sexy Ester and the Pretty Mama Sisters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptile_Palace_Orchestra" title="Reptile Palace Orchestra">Reptile Palace Orchestra</a>, Ted Park, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Pain_1" title="DJ Pain 1">DJ Pain 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Killdozer_(band)" title="Killdozer (band)">Killdozer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zola_Jesus" title="Zola Jesus">Zola Jesus</a>, <a href="/wiki/VO5_(band)" title="VO5 (band)">VO5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caustic_(band)" title="Caustic (band)">Caustic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phox_(band)" title="Phox (band)">Phox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masked_Intruder" title="Masked Intruder">Masked Intruder</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lou_%26_Peter_Berryman" class="mw-redirect" title="Lou & Peter Berryman">Lou & Peter Berryman</a>, among others. The band <a href="/wiki/Garbage_(band)" title="Garbage (band)">Garbage</a> formed in Madison in 1994, and has sold 17 million albums.<a href="#cite_note-behindthemusic-149">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nightlife">Nightlife</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Nightlife">edit</a>]</div> Much of the city's nightlife is centralized to the downtown area which includes a variety of bars, restaurants, and performance venues.<a href="#cite_note-150">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Madison)" title="State Street (Madison)">State Street</a> and the surrounding area are popular with tourists and University of Wisconsin-Madison students.<a href="#cite_note-151">[147]</a> Venues in the Capital Square neighborhood are popular with local young professionals and provide many <a href="/wiki/Happy_hour" title="Happy hour">happy hour</a> specials.<a href="#cite_note-152">[148]</a> Another center of nightlife is the Williamson (Willy) Street Neighborhood.<a href="#cite_note-153">[149]</a> Madison is also home to a number of <a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">nightclubs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gay_bar" title="Gay bar">gay bars</a> and live music venues. The <a href="/wiki/Mifflin_Street_Block_Party" title="Mifflin Street Block Party">Mifflin Street Block Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/State_Street_Halloween_Party" title="State Street Halloween Party">Freakfest Halloween Party</a> also attract thousands of partygoers. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_arts">Performing arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Performing arts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Overturemainentrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Overturemainentrance.jpg/220px-Overturemainentrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Overturemainentrance.jpg/330px-Overturemainentrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Overturemainentrance.jpg/440px-Overturemainentrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="588" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Overture_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Overture Center for the Arts">Overture Center for the Arts</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Opera" title="Madison Opera">Madison Opera</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Madison Symphony Orchestra">Madison Symphony Orchestra</a>, Forward Theater Company, the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Chamber_Orchestra" title="Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra">Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Ballet" title="Madison Ballet">Madison Ballet</a> are some of the professional resident companies of the <a href="/wiki/Overture_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Overture Center">Overture Center</a> for the Arts. The city is also home to a number of smaller performing arts organizations, including a group of theater companies that present in the Bartell Theatre, a former movie palace renovated into live theater spaces, and <a href="/wiki/Opera_for_the_Young" title="Opera for the Young">Opera for the Young</a>, an opera company that performs for elementary school students across the Midwest. Music Theatre of Madison is a professional musical theater company that performs new and lesser-known musicals in a variety of venues. The Wisconsin Union Theater (a 1,300-seat theater) is home to seasonal attractions and is the main stage for Four Seasons Theatre, a <a href="/wiki/Community_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Community theater">community theater</a> company specializing in <a href="/wiki/Musical_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical theater">musical theater</a>, and other groups. The Young Shakespeare Players, a theater group for young people, performs uncut <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George B. Shaw</a> plays. Community-based theater groups include Children's Theatre of Madison, Strollers Theatre, Madison Theatre Guild, the Mercury Players, and <a href="/wiki/Broom_Street_Theater" title="Broom Street Theater">Broom Street Theater</a> (which is no longer on Broom Street). Madison has one <a href="/wiki/Comedy_club" title="Comedy club">comedy club</a>, Comedy on State (which has hosted the Madison's Funniest Comic competition every year since 2010), owned by the Paras family. Madison has other options for more alternative humor, featuring several improv groups, such as Atlas Improv Company, Monkey Business Institute, and <a href="/wiki/Open_mic" title="Open mic">open mic</a> nights. Madison is home to a large entertainment industry archive at the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Center_for_Film_and_Theater_Research" title="Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research">Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_cultural_events">Other cultural events</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Other cultural events">edit</a>]</div> Madison was host to <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_Booms" title="Rhythm and Booms">Rhythm and Booms</a>, a large fireworks celebration coordinated to music. It began with a fly-over by <a href="/wiki/F-16s" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16s">F-16s</a> from the local <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Air_National_Guard" title="Wisconsin Air National Guard">Wisconsin Air National Guard</a>. This celebration was the largest fireworks display in the Midwest in length, number of shells fired, and the size of its annual budget.<a href="#cite_note-155">[151]</a> Effective 2015, the event location was changed to downtown and renamed Shake The Lake.<a href="#cite_note-156">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[153]</a> There are several cooperative organizations in the Madison area, ranging from grocery stores (such as the <a href="/wiki/Willy_Street_Cooperative" title="Willy Street Cooperative">Willy Street Cooperative</a>) to housing co-ops (such as <a href="/wiki/Madison_Community_Cooperative" title="Madison Community Cooperative">Madison Community Cooperative</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Housing_Cooperative" class="mw-redirect" title="Nottingham Housing Cooperative">Nottingham Housing Cooperative</a>) to worker cooperatives (including an engineering firm, a wholesale organic bakery and a cab company). Every April, the Wisconsin Film Festival is held in Madison.<a href="#cite_note-158">[154]</a> This five-day event features films from a variety of genres shown in theaters across the city. The University of Wisconsin–Madison Arts Institute sponsors the Film Festival.<a href="#cite_note-159">[155]</a> Madison's official bird is the <a href="/wiki/Plastic_flamingo" title="Plastic flamingo">plastic flamingo</a>, a type of lawn ornament.<a href="#cite_note-160">[156]</a> The city council adopted the plastic flamingo in 2009 following a campaign by a local newspaper columnist in reference to a 1979 prank by UW–Madison students who planted 1,008 plastic flamingos on Bascom Hill.<a href="#cite_note-161">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[158]</a> The flamingo appears in the logo of the city's professional soccer team, <a href="/wiki/Forward_Madison_FC" title="Forward Madison FC">Forward Madison FC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-163">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg/390px-Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg/520px-Camp_Randall_Stadium_aerial_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a>, located on the campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin</a>, is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_football" title="Wisconsin Badgers football">Wisconsin Badgers football</a> team</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Club </th> <th scope="col">Sport </th> <th scope="col">League </th> <th scope="col">Venue </th> <th scope="col">Founded </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Wisconsin Badgers</a> </th> <td>Various </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA">NCAA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a> </td> <td align="center">1849 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison_Night_Mares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madison Night Mares (page does not exist)">Madison Night Mares</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">Softball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwoods_League" title="Northwoods League">Northwoods League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Park" title="Warner Park">Warner Park</a> </td> <td align="center">2024 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Mallards" title="Madison Mallards">Madison Mallards</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwoods_League" title="Northwoods League">Northwoods League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Park" title="Warner Park">Warner Park</a> </td> <td align="center">2001 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Radicals" title="Madison Radicals">Madison Radicals</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate (sport)">Ultimate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/AUDL" class="mw-redirect" title="AUDL">AUDL</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a> </td> <td align="center">2013 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Capitols" title="Madison Capitols">Madison Capitols</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ice_Hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice Hockey">Ice Hockey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Hockey_League" title="United States Hockey League">United States Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Bob Suter's Capitol Ice Arena </td> <td align="center">2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Forward_Madison_FC" title="Forward Madison FC">Forward Madison FC</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">Soccer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USL_League_One" title="USL League One">USL League One</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a> </td> <td align="center">2018 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Forward_Madison_FC" title="Forward Madison FC">Forward Madison FC</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">Soccer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USL_Super_League" title="USL Super League">USL Super League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a> </td> <td align="center">2025 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=LOVB_Madison_Volleyball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LOVB Madison Volleyball (page does not exist)">LOVB Madison Volleyball</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/League_One_Volleyball" class="mw-redirect" title="League One Volleyball">League One Volleyball</a> </td> <td>2950 Innovation Way </td> <td align="center">2024 </td></tr></tbody></table> Madison is known for having its athletics fan base centered on the University of Wisconsin–Madison, whose teams compete as the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers" title="Wisconsin Badgers">Wisconsin Badgers</a> in venues in and around the city. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_football" title="Wisconsin Badgers football">Wisconsin Badgers football</a> team plays at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Randall_Stadium" title="Camp Randall Stadium">Camp Randall Stadium</a> where crowds of as many as 83,000 have attended games. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_basketball" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball">Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey">Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey</a> teams play at the <a href="/wiki/Kohl_Center" title="Kohl Center">Kohl Center</a>. Construction on the $76 million arena was completed in 1997. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey">Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey</a> team plays at the LaBahn Arena. Some events are played at the county-owned <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Energy_Center" title="Alliant Energy Center">Alliant Energy Center</a> (formerly Dane County Memorial Coliseum) and the university-owned <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Field_House" title="Wisconsin Field House">Wisconsin Field House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[160]</a> In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Capitols" title="Madison Capitols">Madison Capitols</a> made their return to the Madison area following 19 years of dormancy. The Capitols play their home games at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Suter%27s_Capitol_Ice_Arena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bob Suter's Capitol Ice Arena (page does not exist)">Bob Suter's Capitol Ice Arena</a> following three years at <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Energy_Center" title="Alliant Energy Center">Alliant Energy Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> On May 17, 2018, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Forward_Madison_FC" title="Forward Madison FC">Forward Madison FC</a> would become Madison's first professional soccer team, and are members of <a href="/wiki/USL_League_One" title="USL League One">USL League One</a>. They play their home matches at the historic <a href="/wiki/Breese_Stevens_Field" title="Breese Stevens Field">Breese Stevens Field</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a> Madison is home to the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Mallards" title="Madison Mallards">Madison Mallards</a>, a college wood-bat summer <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> league team in the <a href="/wiki/Northwoods_League" title="Northwoods League">Northwoods League</a>. They play in <a href="/wiki/Warner_Park" title="Warner Park">Warner Park</a> on the city's north side from June to August.<a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_teams">Former teams</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Former teams">edit</a>]</div> The Madison Cardinals lost each of the three games they ever played, all coming in 1936. Two were in the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Football_League" title="Northwest Football League">Northwest Football League</a> and the third was a 62-0 exhibition blowout to the <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_Packers" title="Green Bay Packers">Green Bay Packers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[164]</a> After the Cardinals failed to attract University of Wisconsin graduates as promised, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Crosse_Old_Style_Lagers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Crosse Old Style Lagers (page does not exist)">La Crosse Old Style Lagers</a> ran up the score in a 100-0 drubbing with the intention of pushing them out of the league. The Cardinals folded just days later.<a href="#cite_note-169">[165]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Muskies" title="Madison Muskies">Madison Muskies</a>, a Class A, <a href="/wiki/Midwest_League" title="Midwest League">Midwest League</a> affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/Oakland_A%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland A's">Oakland A's</a>, left town in 1993 after 11 seasons. The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Hatters" title="Madison Hatters">Madison Hatters</a>, another Class A, Midwest League team, played in Madison for only the 1994 season. The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Black_Wolf" title="Madison Black Wolf">Madison Black Wolf</a>, an independent <a href="/wiki/Northern_League_(baseball,_1993%E2%80%932010)" title="Northern League (baseball, 1993–2010)">Northern League</a> franchise lasted five seasons (1996–2000), before decamping for <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amateur_sports">Amateur sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Amateur sports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG/220px-Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG/330px-Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG/440px-Sailboats_on_Lake_Mendota.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Sailboats approaching the south shore of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Mendota" title="Lake Mendota">Lake Mendota</a> and northern downtown Madison</figcaption></figure> Madison has several active <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate (sport)">ultimate</a> disc leagues organized through the nonprofit Madison Ultimate Frisbee Association.<a href="#cite_note-170">[166]</a> In 2013, the Madison Radicals, a professional ultimate frisbee team, debuted in the city.<a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a> Madison is home to several endurance sports racing events, such as the <a href="/wiki/Crazylegs_Classic" title="Crazylegs Classic">Crazylegs Classic</a>, the <a href="/wiki/CrossFit_Games" title="CrossFit Games">CrossFit Games</a>, Paddle and Portage, the <a href="/wiki/Mad_City_Marathon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mad City Marathon">Mad City Marathon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ironman_triathlon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ironman triathlon">Ironman</a> Wisconsin, which attracts over 45,000 spectators.<a href="#cite_note-172">[168]</a> The Wisconsin Rugby Club, the 1998 and 2013 USA Rugby Division II National Champions, and the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Women%27s_Rugby_Football_Club" title="Wisconsin Women's Rugby Football Club">Wisconsin Women's Rugby Football Club</a> are the state's only Division I women's rugby team. The Madison Curling Club was founded in 1921.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> Team Spatola of the Madison Curling Club won the 2014 Women's US National Championship. Team members are: Nina Spatola, Becca Hamilton, Tara Peterson, Sophie Brorson.<a href="#cite_note-174">[170]</a> Madison's Gaelic sports club hosts a <a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">hurling</a> team organized as the <a href="/wiki/Hurling_Club_of_Madison" title="Hurling Club of Madison">Hurling Club of Madison</a> and a Gaelic football club with men's and women's teams. The roller derby league, <a href="/wiki/Madison_Roller_Derby" title="Madison Roller Derby">Madison Roller Derby</a>, was formed in Madison in 2004 and is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Flat_Track_Derby_Association" title="Women's Flat Track Derby Association">Women's Flat Track Derby Association</a>.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> Madison is also home to <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_United_Roller_Derby" title="Wisconsin United Roller Derby">Wisconsin United Roller Derby</a>, a member league of the <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_Roller_Derby_Association" title="Men's Roller Derby Association">Men's Roller Derby Association</a>.<a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a> The Blackhawk Ski Club, formed in 1947, provides ski jumping, cross country skiing and alpine skiing. The club's programs have produced several Olympic ski jumpers, two Olympic ski jumping coaches and one Olympic ski jumping director. The club had the first Nordic ski facility with lighted night jumping.<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> As of 2017, the <a href="/wiki/CrossFit_Games" title="CrossFit Games">CrossFit Games</a> have been held at the <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Energy_Center" title="Alliant Energy Center">Alliant Energy Center</a>. After seven years at the <a href="/wiki/StubHub_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="StubHub Center">StubHub Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carson,_California" title="Carson, California">Carson, California</a>, the Games moved to Madison for an initial three-year contract. <a href="/wiki/CrossFit" title="CrossFit">CrossFit</a> chose the multi-building entertainment venue, which encompasses 164 acres (0.66 km2), after posting a national request for proposals.<a href="#cite_note-178">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_recreation">Parks and recreation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Parks and recreation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Mallard_Ducks_in_Vilas_Lagoon_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Vilas Park</figcaption></figure> Madison has 6,431 acres (26.03 km2) of park space, which is 13.5% of the city's total area.<a href="#cite_note-179">[175]</a> Parks in the city include <a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Park" title="James Madison Park">James Madison Park</a>, which has views of Lake Mendota; <a href="/wiki/Frank_W._Hoyt_Park" title="Frank W. Hoyt Park">Frank W. Hoyt Park</a>, which is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>; Garner Park, where the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Opera" title="Madison Opera">Madison Opera</a> holds an "Opera in the Park" event;<a href="#cite_note-180">[176]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warner_Park" title="Warner Park">Warner Park</a>, which is home to the stadium for the Madison Mallards baseball team. Goodman Pool is Madison's public outdoor swimming pool. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Arboretum" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum">University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum</a> manages 520 acres (210 ha) of remnant forests and prairies throughout Wisconsin. The 300-acre (1.2 km2) <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_Lakeshore_Nature_Preserve" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve">Lakeshore Nature Preserve</a> preserves native species along the southern shore of Lake Mendota. During the winter months, sports enthusiasts enjoy <a href="/wiki/Iceboat" title="Iceboat">ice boating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_skating" title="Ice skating">ice skating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_fishing" title="Ice fishing">ice fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cross-country_skiing" title="Cross-country skiing">cross-country skiing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Snowkiting" title="Snowkiting">snowkiting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-181">[177]</a> During the rest of the year, outdoor recreation includes sailing on the local lakes, bicycling, and hiking. Madison is known for its extensive biking infrastructure, with numerous bike paths and bike lanes throughout the city. Several of these bike paths connect to state trails, such as the <a href="/wiki/Capital_City_State_Trail" title="Capital City State Trail">Capital City State Trail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Ridge_State_Trail" title="Military Ridge State Trail">Military Ridge State Trail</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Badger_State_Trail" title="Badger State Trail">Badger State Trail</a>. In addition to these bike paths, most city streets have designated bike lanes or are designated as <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_boulevard" title="Bicycle boulevard">bicycle boulevards</a>, which give high priority to bicyclists. In 2015 Madison was awarded platinum level Bicycle Friendly Community designation from the League of American Bicyclists, one of only five cities in the US to receive this (highest) level.<a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1008px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_(53914683139).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brittingham Park on Monona Bay"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg/1000px-Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg/1500px-Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg/2000px-Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_%2853914683139%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="21711" data-file-height="5871" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Brittingham_Boats_on_Monona_Bay_(53914683139).jpg" title="File:Brittingham Boats on Monona Bay (53914683139).jpg"> </a></div>Brittingham Park on Monona Bay</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse,_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._Boulevard,_Madison,_WI_(52745548548).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg/220px-Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg/330px-Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg/440px-Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_Federal_Courthouse%2C_Martin_Luther_King%2C_Jr._Boulevard%2C_Madison%2C_WI_%2852745548548%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Madison_Municipal_Building" title="Madison Municipal Building">Madison Municipal Building</a></figcaption></figure> City voters have supported the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> in national elections in the last half-century, and a liberal and progressive majority is generally elected to the city council. Detractors often refer to Madison as "77 square miles surrounded by reality", a phrase coined by former Wisconsin Republican governor <a href="/wiki/Lee_S._Dreyfus" title="Lee S. Dreyfus">Lee S. Dreyfus</a>, while campaigning in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-moe-183">[179]</a> In 2013, there was a motion in the city council to turn Dreyfus' humor into the official city "punchline", but it was voted down by the city council.<a href="#cite_note-184">[180]</a> The city's voters are generally much more liberal than voters in the rest of Wisconsin. For example, 76% of Madison voters voted against a 2006 state <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Referendum_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin Referendum 1">constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage</a>,<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> even though the ban passed statewide with 59% of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-186">[182]</a> In 1992, a local third party, <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Dane" title="Progressive Dane">Progressive Dane</a>, was founded. City policies supported in the Progressive Dane platform have included an <a href="/wiki/Inclusionary_zoning" title="Inclusionary zoning">inclusionary zoning</a> ordinance, later abandoned by the mayor and a majority of the city council, and a city minimum wage. The party holds several seats on the Madison City Council and Dane County Board of Supervisors, and is aligned variously with the Democratic and Green parties. Madison has a mayor-council system of government. Madison's <a href="/wiki/Madison_Common_Council" title="Madison Common Council">city council</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/Madison_Common_Council" title="Madison Common Council">Common Council</a>, consists of 20 members, one from each district. The mayor <a href="/wiki/Mayoral_elections_in_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Mayoral elections in Madison, Wisconsin">is elected in a citywide vote</a>. Madison is the heart of <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district">Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>, represented by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Pocan" title="Mark Pocan">Mark Pocan</a> (D). <a href="/wiki/Melissa_Agard" title="Melissa Agard">Melissa Agard</a> (D) and <a href="/wiki/Kelda_Roys" title="Kelda Roys">Kelda Roys</a> (D) represent Madison in the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin State Senate">Wisconsin State Senate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_P._Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimmy P. Anderson">Jimmy P. Anderson</a> (D), <a href="/wiki/Samba_Baldeh" title="Samba Baldeh">Samba Baldeh</a> (D), <a href="/wiki/Francesca_Hong" title="Francesca Hong">Francesca Hong</a> (D), <a href="/wiki/Shelia_Stubbs" title="Shelia Stubbs">Sheila Stubbs</a> (D), and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Subeck" title="Lisa Subeck">Lisa Subeck</a> (D) represent Madison in the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Assembly" title="Wisconsin State Assembly">Wisconsin State Assembly</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Ron Johnson</a> (R) and <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Tammy Baldwin</a> (D) represent Madison, and all of Wisconsin, in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. Baldwin is a Madison resident; she represented the 2nd from 1999 to 2013 before handing it to Pocan. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Election_results">Election results</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Election results">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Madison city vote by party in presidential elections </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">Third parties</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">84.10% 136,007 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">14.30% 23,122 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">1.60% 2,582 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">78.41% 120,178 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">15.04% 23,052 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">6.55% 10,037 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_(11992982586).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg/220px-Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg/330px-Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg/440px-Bascom_Hall_05-18-2013_212_%2811992982586%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3850" data-file-height="2975" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bascom_Hill" title="Bascom Hill">Bascom Hill</a> forms the historic core of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a> campus.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Madison_Metropolitan_School_District" title="Madison Metropolitan School District">Madison Metropolitan School District</a> serves the city while a variety of other districts serve the surrounding area. With an enrollment of approximately 25,000 students in 46 schools, it is the second largest school district in Wisconsin behind the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_School_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee School District">Milwaukee School District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> The five public high schools are <a href="/wiki/Vel_Phillips_Memorial_High_School" title="Vel Phillips Memorial High School">Vel Phillips Memorial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madison_West_High_School" title="Madison West High School">Madison West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madison_East_High_School" title="Madison East High School">Madison East</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Follette_High_School" title="La Follette High School">La Follette</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shabazz_City_High_School" title="Malcolm Shabazz City High School">Malcolm Shabazz City High School</a>, an alternative school. Among private church-related high schools are <a href="/wiki/Abundant_Life_Christian_School" title="Abundant Life Christian School">Abundant Life Christian School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgewood_High_School_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgewood High School (Wisconsin)">Edgewood High School</a>,<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Edgewood_College" title="Edgewood College">Edgewood College</a> campus, and <a href="/wiki/St._Ambrose_Academy" title="St. Ambrose Academy">St. Ambrose Academy</a>, a Catholic school offering grades 6 through 12.<a href="#cite_note-191">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Madison_Country_Day_School" title="Madison Country Day School">Madison Country Day School</a> is a private high school with no religious affiliation. The city is home to the flagship campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgewood_College" title="Edgewood College">Edgewood College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madison_Area_Technical_College" title="Madison Area Technical College">Madison Area Technical College</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Herzing_University" title="Herzing University">Herzing University-Madison</a>, giving the city a post-secondary student population of nearly 65,000. The University of Wisconsin accounts for the vast majority of students, with an enrollment of roughly 50,000, of whom 37,000 are undergraduates.<a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> Additional degree programs are available through satellite campuses of <a href="/wiki/Concordia_University-Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordia University-Wisconsin">Concordia University-Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakeland_College_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeland College (Wisconsin)">Lakeland College</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Phoenix" title="University of Phoenix">University of Phoenix</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Iowa_University" title="Upper Iowa University">Upper Iowa University</a>. Madison also has a non-credit learning community with multiple programs and many private businesses also offering classes. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Print">Print</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Print">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wisconsin_magazines" title="List of Wisconsin magazines">List of Wisconsin magazines</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wisconsin_daily_newspapers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Wisconsin daily newspapers">List of Wisconsin daily newspapers</a></div> Madison is home to an extensive and varied number of print publications, reflecting the city's role as the state capital and its diverse political, cultural and academic population. The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Journal" title="Wisconsin State Journal">Wisconsin State Journal</a> (weekday circulation: ~95,000; Sundays: ~155,000) is published in the mornings, while its sister publication, <a href="/wiki/The_Capital_Times" title="The Capital Times">The Capital Times</a> (Thursday supplement to the Journal) is published online daily, with two printed editions a week. Though jointly operated under the name <a href="/wiki/Capital_Newspapers" title="Capital Newspapers">Capital Newspapers</a>, the Journal is owned by the national chain <a href="/wiki/Lee_Enterprises" title="Lee Enterprises">Lee Enterprises</a>, and the Times is independently owned. Wisconsin State Journal is the descendant of the Wisconsin Express, a paper founded in the Wisconsin Territory in 1839. The Capital Times was founded in 1917 by William T. Evjue, a business manager for the State Journal who disagreed with that paper's editorial criticisms of Wisconsin Republican Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Robert M. La Follette, Sr.">Robert M. La Follette, Sr.</a> for his opposition to U.S. entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. The free weekly alternative newspaper <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_(newspaper)" title="Isthmus (newspaper)">Isthmus</a> (weekly circulation: ~65,000) was founded in Madison in 1976. <a href="/wiki/The_Onion" title="The Onion">The Onion</a>, a satirical weekly, was founded in Madison in 1988 and published from there until it moved to New York in 2001. Two student newspapers are published during the academic year, <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cardinal" title="The Daily Cardinal">The Daily Cardinal</a> (Mon–Fri circulation: ~10,000) and <a href="/wiki/The_Badger_Herald" title="The Badger Herald">The Badger Herald</a> (Mon–Fri circulation: ~16,000). Other specialty print publications focus on local music, politics and sports, including The Capital City Hues,<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-mpl-194">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-ct-195">[191]</a> The Madison Times,<a href="#cite_note-mpl-194">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-ct-195">[191]</a> Madison Magazine, The Simpson Street Free Press, Umoja Magazine,<a href="#cite_note-mpl-194">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-ct-195">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> and fantasy-sports web site <a href="/wiki/RotoWire.com" class="mw-redirect" title="RotoWire.com">RotoWire.com</a>. Local community blogs include <a href="/wiki/Ann_Althouse" title="Ann Althouse">Althouse</a> and dane101. Madison is associated with <a href="/wiki/%22Fighting_Bob%22_La_Follette" class="mw-redirect" title=""Fighting Bob" La Follette">"Fighting Bob" La Follette</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(United_States,_1924)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (United States, 1924)">Progressive movement</a>. La Follette's magazine, <a href="/wiki/The_Progressive" title="The Progressive">The Progressive</a>, founded in 1909, is still published in Madison. It is a <a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">far left-wing</a> periodical that may be best known for the attempt of the U.S. government in 1979 to suppress one of its articles before publication. The magazine eventually prevailed in the landmark First Amendment case, <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._The_Progressive,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. The Progressive, Inc.">United States v. The Progressive, Inc.</a> During the 1970s, there were two radical weeklies published in Madison, known as TakeOver and Free for All, as well as a Madison edition of the <a href="/wiki/Bugle-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugle-American">Bugle-American</a> <a href="/wiki/Underground_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground newspaper">underground newspaper</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Radio">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Wisconsin" title="List of radio stations in Wisconsin">List of radio stations in Wisconsin</a></div> Madison has three large media companies that own the majority of the commercial radio stations within the market. These companies consist of <a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entercom" class="mw-redirect" title="Entercom">Entercom</a> Communications, and <a href="/wiki/Mid-West_Family_Broadcasting" title="Mid-West Family Broadcasting">Mid-West Family Broadcasting</a> as well as other smaller broadcasters. Madison is home to Mid-West Family Broadcasting, which is an independently owned broadcasting company that originated and is headquartered in Madison. Mid-West Family owns radio stations throughout the state and the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a>. Madison hosts two volunteer-operated and community-oriented radio stations, <a href="/wiki/WORT" title="WORT">WORT</a> and <a href="/wiki/WSUM" title="WSUM">WSUM</a>. WORT Community Radio (89.9 FM), founded in 1975, is one of the oldest volunteer-powered radio stations in the United States. A listener-sponsored community radio station, WORT offers locally produced diverse music and talk programming. WSUM (91.7 FM) is a free-form <a href="/wiki/Student_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Student radio">student radio</a> station programmed and operated almost entirely by students. Madison's <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Public_Radio" title="Wisconsin Public Radio">Wisconsin Public Radio</a> station, <a href="/wiki/WHA_(AM)" title="WHA (AM)">WHA</a>, was one of the first radio stations in the nation to begin broadcasting.<a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> Public radio programs that originate at the WPR studios include <a href="/wiki/Michael_Feldman%27s_Whad%27Ya_Know%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Feldman's Whad'Ya Know?">Michael Feldman's Whad'Ya Know?</a>, Zorba Pastor On Your Health, <a href="/wiki/To_the_Best_of_Our_Knowledge" title="To the Best of Our Knowledge">To the Best of Our Knowledge</a>, Calling All Pets, and the longest running radio program in America, <a href="/wiki/Chapter_a_Day" title="Chapter a Day">Chapter a Day</a>. <a href="/wiki/WXJ-87" class="mw-redirect" title="WXJ-87">WXJ-87</a> is the <a href="/wiki/NOAA_Weather_Radio_All_Hazards" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards">NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards</a> station on Madison's west side, with broadcasts originating from the <a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">National Weather Service</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sullivan,_Wisconsin" title="Sullivan, Wisconsin">Sullivan, Wisconsin</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TV">TV</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: TV">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Wisconsin" title="List of television stations in Wisconsin">List of television stations in Wisconsin</a></div> Madison has six commercial stations, two public television stations and a religious station. The commercial stations consist of <a href="/wiki/WISC-TV" title="WISC-TV">WISC-TV</a> (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>) and its <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a> subchannel, TVW; <a href="/wiki/WMTV" title="WMTV">WMTV</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), with a <a href="/wiki/CW%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="CW+">CW+</a> subchannel; <a href="/wiki/WKOW-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WKOW-TV">WKOW-TV</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>); <a href="/wiki/WMSN-TV" title="WMSN-TV">WMSN-TV</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>); <a href="/wiki/WIFS_(TV)" title="WIFS (TV)">WIFS</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ion_Television" title="Ion Television">Ion</a>); and <a href="/wiki/WZCK-LD" title="WZCK-LD">WZCK-LD</a>/<a href="/wiki/W23BW-D" title="W23BW-D">W23BW-D</a> (various subchannel networks). <a href="/wiki/WMWD-LD" class="mw-redirect" title="WMWD-LD">WMWD-LD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Daystar_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daystar (TV network)">Daystar</a>) also serves the area. Madison has two public television stations: <a href="/wiki/WHA-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WHA-TV">WHA-TV</a>, which is owned by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Extension" title="University of Wisconsin–Extension">University of Wisconsin–Extension</a> and airs throughout the state with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, and cable's Madison City Channel, which is owned and operated by the City of Madison covering city governmental affairs. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Dane_County_Regional_Airport_Terminal_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Terminal at <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Regional_Airport" title="Dane County Regional Airport">Dane County Regional Airport</a></figcaption></figure> Madison is served by the <a href="/wiki/Dane_County_Regional_Airport" title="Dane County Regional Airport">Dane County Regional Airport</a>, which serves nearly 2.2 million passengers annually. Most major <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> operations take place at <a href="/wiki/Middleton_Municipal_Airport" title="Middleton Municipal Airport">Middleton Municipal Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Middleton,_WI" class="mw-redirect" title="Middleton, WI">Middleton</a> 15 miles (24 km) from Madison's city center. <a href="/wiki/Metro_Transit_(Madison)" title="Metro Transit (Madison)">Metro Transit</a> operates bus routes throughout the city and to some neighboring suburbs.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a> Madison has two taxicab companies (Union Cab and Madison Taxi), and several companies provide specialized transit for individuals with disabilities. Several <a href="/wiki/Carsharing" title="Carsharing">carsharing</a> services are also available in Madison. Starting from the last decades of the 20th century, Madison has been among the leading cities for bicycling as a form of transportation, with about 3% of working residents pedaling on their journey to work.<a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> The share of Madison workers who bicycled to work increased to 5.3% by 2014.<a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> The 2016 survey by <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a> indicated that 65.7% of working Madison residents commuted by driving alone, 6.7% carpooled, 8.6% used public transportation, and 8.5% walked. About 6% used all other forms of transportation, including bicycles, motorcycles, and taxis. About 4.5% worked at home.<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Walk_Score" title="Walk Score">Walk Score</a>, Madison has an overall 48 out of 100 in walkability, making it a "largely car dependent city", and a 65 out of 100 for bicycling. However, the State-Langdon and Downtown areas scored significantly higher, 94 and 93 for walkability, and 87 and 89 for biking, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> In 2015, 11.2% of Madison households were without a car, which was unchanged in 2016. The national average was 8.7% in 2016. Madison averaged 1.5 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Railways">Railways</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Railways">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Madison_station_(C%26NW)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madison station (C&NW)">Madison station (C&NW)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Road_Depot_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee Road Depot (Madison, Wisconsin)">Milwaukee Road Depot (Madison, Wisconsin)</a></div> Passenger train service between Madison and <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_(train)" title="Sioux (train)">Sioux</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Varsity_(train)" title="Varsity (train)">Varsity</a> was provided by the <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Milwaukee,_St._Paul_and_Pacific_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad">Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad</a> (Milwaukee Road) until 1971. The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_and_North_Western_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago and North Western Railway">Chicago and North Western Railway</a> also provided service to the east side of Madison, ending in 1965. The city is served by the <a href="/wiki/Columbus_station" title="Columbus station">Columbus</a> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> station 28 miles (45 km) to the northeast with once daily trains to <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Union_Station" title="Chicago Union Station">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portland_Union_Station" title="Portland Union Station">Portland, OR</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_Street_Station" title="King Street Station">Seattle, WA</a> and stops in between via the <a href="/wiki/Empire_Builder" title="Empire Builder">Empire Builder</a> route. Although located outside of the city proper, the station is listed on Amtrak timetables as Madison's official stop.<a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a> A <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed rail</a> route from Chicago through <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a> and Madison to <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, was proposed as part of the <a href="/wiki/Midwest_Regional_Rail_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest Regional Rail Initiative">Midwest Regional Rail Initiative</a>. Funding for the railway connecting Madison to Milwaukee was approved in January 2010, but then Governor-elect <a href="/wiki/Scott_Walker_(politician)" title="Scott Walker (politician)">Scott Walker</a>'s opposition to the project led the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Railroad_Administration" title="Federal Railroad Administration">Federal Railroad Administration</a> to retract the $810 million in funding and reallocate it to projects in other states.<a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a> Plans to establish Amtrak service within the city of Madison were revived in 2021. Pending federal legislative action, Madison is again slated to receive a rail link to Chicago via Milwaukee, likely with an expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Hiawatha_(Amtrak_train)" title="Hiawatha (Amtrak train)">Hiawatha</a>. Longer-term plans include a connection to the Twin Cities, potentially via Eau Claire; however, this has not been officially established.<a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[204]</a> Anticipating eventual revival of passenger service, public meetings were held in early 2024 by the city's Department of Transportation to consider possible site(s) for the station.<a href="#cite_note-209">[205]</a> Railroad freight services are provided to Madison by the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_and_Southern_Railroad" title="Wisconsin and Southern Railroad">Wisconsin and Southern Railroad</a> (WSOR) and <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Kansas_City" title="Canadian Pacific Kansas City">Canadian Pacific Kansas City</a> (CPKC). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Buses">Buses</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Buses">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Metro_Transit_(Madison)" title="Metro Transit (Madison)">Metro Transit (Madison)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_August_2022_032_(Madison_Metro_bus)_exposure_fix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg/220px-Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg/330px-Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg/440px-Madison_August_2022_032_%28Madison_Metro_bus%29_exposure_fix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Metro_Transit_(Madison)" title="Metro Transit (Madison)">Metro Transit</a> bus</figcaption></figure> In addition to public transportation, regional buses connect Madison to <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a>, and many other communities. <a href="/wiki/Badger_Bus" title="Badger Bus">Badger Bus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-210">[206]</a> which connects Madison and Milwaukee, runs several trips daily. <a href="/wiki/Greyhound_Lines" title="Greyhound Lines">Greyhound Lines</a>, a nationwide bus company, serves Madison on its Chicago, Milwaukee, and Minneapolis–Saint Paul route. <a href="/wiki/Van_Galder_Bus_Company" title="Van Galder Bus Company">Van Galder Bus Company</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Coach_USA" title="Coach USA">Coach USA</a>, provides transportation through <a href="/wiki/Rockford,_Illinois" title="Rockford, Illinois">Rockford</a> to Chicago—stopping at <a href="/wiki/Union_Station_(Chicago)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Station (Chicago)">Union Station</a>, <a href="/wiki/O%27Hare_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Hare Airport">O'Hare Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Midway_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Midway Airport">Midway Airport</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lines" title="Jefferson Lines">Jefferson Lines</a> provides transportation to Minneapolis–Saint Paul via <a href="/wiki/La_Crosse" class="mw-redirect" title="La Crosse">La Crosse</a>. <a href="/wiki/Megabus_(North_America)" title="Megabus (North America)">Megabus</a> provides limited-stop service to Chicago and Minneapolis–Saint Paul. Lamers Bus Lines has once-daily trips from Madison to <a href="/wiki/Wausau,_Wisconsin" title="Wausau, Wisconsin">Wausau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dubuque" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubuque">Dubuque</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Highways">Highways</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Highways">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_39" title="Interstate 39">Interstate 39</a> (I-39), <a href="/wiki/Interstate_90_in_Wisconsin" title="Interstate 90 in Wisconsin">I-90</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_94_in_Wisconsin" title="Interstate 94 in Wisconsin">I-94</a> run along the far east side of the city, connecting to <a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a> to the east, and to <a href="/wiki/Portage,_Wisconsin" title="Portage, Wisconsin">Portage</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Crosse" class="mw-redirect" title="La Crosse">La Crosse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">Eau Claire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wausau,_Wisconsin" title="Wausau, Wisconsin">Wausau</a> heading north and northwest.<a href="#cite_note-map-211">[207]</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_151" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 151">U.S. Highway 151</a> (US 151) runs through downtown and serves as the main thoroughfare through the northeast (as Washington Avenue) and south-central parts (as Park Street) of the city, connecting Madison with <a href="/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque, Iowa</a> to the southwest and <a href="/wiki/Fond_du_Lac,_Wisconsin" title="Fond du Lac, Wisconsin">Fond du Lac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manitowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Manitowoc, Wisconsin">Manitowoc</a> to the northeast.<a href="#cite_note-map-211">[207]</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_12_in_Wisconsin" title="U.S. Route 12 in Wisconsin">US 12</a>, frequently referred to by locals as the Beltline, is a six- to eight-lane <a href="/wiki/Freeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeway">freeway</a> serving the south and west sides of Madison and is the main link from the western suburb of <a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Wisconsin" title="Cambridge, Wisconsin">Cambridge</a>. Southeast of the area, US 12 connects to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Geneva,_Wisconsin" title="Lake Geneva, Wisconsin">Lake Geneva</a>, and going northwest, it heads to Wisconsin Dells.<a href="#cite_note-map-211">[207]</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_18_in_Wisconsin" title="U.S. Route 18 in Wisconsin">US 18</a> is also a component highway of the Beltine, continuing south along US 151 and east towards <a href="/wiki/Waukesha,_Wisconsin" title="Waukesha, Wisconsin">Waukesha</a> and Milwaukee.<a href="#cite_note-map-211">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_safety">Public safety</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Public safety">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Madison_Police_Department">Madison Police Department</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Madison Police Department">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Madison_Police_Department_West_District_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Madison Police Department West District</figcaption></figure> The Madison Police Department is the law enforcement agency in the city led by Police Chief Shon Barnes. The department has six districts: Central, East, North, South, West and Midtown District<a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> Special units in the police department include: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>K9 Unit</li> <li>Crime Scene Unit</li> <li>Forensic Unit</li> <li>Narcotics and Gangs Task Force</li> <li>Parking Enforcement</li> <li>Traffic Enforcement Safety Team</li> <li>S.W.A.T Team</li> <li>Special Events Team</li> <li>C.O.P.S (Safety Education)</li> <li>Mounted Patrol</li> <li>Crime Stoppers</li> <li>Amigos en Azul</li></ul> </div> The Madison Police Department was criticized for absolving Officer Steve Heimsness of any wrongdoing in the November 2012 shooting death of an unarmed man, Paul Heenan. The department's actions resulted in community protests, including demands that the shooting be examined and reviewed by an independent investigative body.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a> WisconsinWatch.org called into question the MPD's facts and findings, stating that the use of deadly force by Heimsness was unwarranted.<a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> There were calls for an examination of the Madison Police Department's rules of engagement and due process for officers who use lethal force in the line of duty. Community criticism of the department's practices resurfaced after MPD officer Matt Kenny <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Tony_Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Tony Robinson">shot Tony Robinson</a>, an unarmed man. The shooting was particularly controversial given the context of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> movement. Due to new Wisconsin state legislation<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a> that addresses the mechanisms under which officer-on-civilian violence is handled by state prosecutors, proceedings were handed over to a special unit of the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Department_of_Justice" title="Wisconsin Department of Justice">Wisconsin Department of Justice</a> in Madison. On March 27, 2015, the state concluded its investigation and gave its findings to Ismael Ozanne, the <a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">district attorney</a> of Dane County.<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> On May 12, 2015, Ozanne determined that the shooting was justified self-defense.<a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Madison_Fire_Department">Madison Fire Department</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Madison Fire Department">edit</a>]</div> The Madison Fire Department (MFD) provides fire protection and <a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services" title="Emergency medical services">emergency medical services</a> to the city. The MFD operates out of 14 fire stations,<a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a> with a fleet of 12 engines, 5 ladders,<a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a> 2 rescue squads, 2 hazmat units,<a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a> a lake rescue team,<a href="#cite_note-221">[217]</a> and 9 ambulances.<a href="#cite_note-222">[218]</a> The MFD is contracted to provide fire and EMS services to the suburban enclave village of Shorewood Hills and also provides mutual aid to surrounding communities. In 2021 MFD in conjunction with Journey Mental Health, launched an emergency mental health response team consisting of a paramedic and social work to respond to mental health emergencies, the program initially launched in the Isthmus area and has expanded citywide in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-223">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Madison,_Wisconsin" title="List of people from Madison, Wisconsin">List of people from Madison, Wisconsin</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nicknames">Nicknames</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Nicknames">edit</a>]</div> Over the years, Madison has acquired nicknames and slogans that include: <ul><li>Mad City<a href="#cite_note-226">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a></li> <li>Madtown<a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley</a> of the Midwest<a href="#cite_note-230">[226]</a></li> <li>77 square miles surrounded by reality<a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a></li> <li>Four Lakes City<a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a></li> <li>People's Republic of Madison<a href="#cite_note-233">[229]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> Madison is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador"><img alt="El Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Arcatao" title="Arcatao">Arcatao</a>, El Salvador (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar</a>, Ethiopia (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba"><img alt="Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Camag%C3%BCey" title="Camagüey">Camagüey</a>, Cuba (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Freiburg_im_Breisgau" title="Freiburg im Breisgau">Freiburg im Breisgau</a>, Germany (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia"><img alt="The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kanifing" title="Kanifing">Kanifing</a>, Gambia (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mantua" title="Mantua">Mantua</a>, Italy (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Obihiro" title="Obihiro">Obihiro</a>, Japan (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tepatitl%C3%A1n_de_Morelos" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepatitlán de Morelos">Tepatitlán de Morelos</a>, Mexico (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a>, Lithuania (1988)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Madison" title="List of tallest buildings in Madison">List of tallest buildings in Madison</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> Official weather records for Madison were kept at downtown from January 1869 to December 1946 and at KMSN since January 1947. For more information, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threadex.rcc-acis.org/">ThreadEx</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> The total for each race includes those who reported that race alone or in combination with other races. People who reported a combination of multiple races may be counted multiple times, so the sum of all percentages will exceed 100%. </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> Hispanic and Latino origins are separate from race in the U.S. Census. The Census does not distinguish between Latino origins alone or in combination. This row counts Hispanics and Latinos of any race. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Wisconsin-Madison_English_As_A_Second_Language_Program" class="citation web cs1">University of Wisconsin-Madison English As A Second Language Program. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026152834/https://esl.wisc.edu/about-madison/">"About Madison"</a>. 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Channel3000.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Channel3000.com&rft.atitle=The+story+of+Madison%27s+indigenous+people&rft.date=2015-11-19&rft.aulast=Ginsberg&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel3000.com%2Fmadison-magazine%2Fhome-and-lifestyle%2Fthe-story-of-madison-s-indigenous-people%2Farticle_b0e24a81-4ddd-502e-9034-1fa1d9a0b68c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Mollenhoff, David V. 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Page 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Historic Madison, Inc., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicmadison.org/Madison%27s%20Past/madisonspast.html">Madison's Past – Early History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120623093154/http://www.historicmadison.org/Madison%27s%20Past/madisonspast.html">Archived</a> June 23, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wicourts.gov/courts/supreme/hearingroom.htm">Supreme Court, History: The Supreme Court Hearing Room</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180112101826/https://www.wicourts.gov/courts/supreme/hearingroom.htm">Archived</a> January 12, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Wisconsin Court System. </li> <li id="cite_note-briefhistory-30"><a href="#cite_ref-briefhistory_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records/Article/CS2401">"Madison, Wisconsin - A Brief History"</a>. 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Madison.com. Wisconsin State Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190326005848/https://madison.com/wsj/news/local/neighborhoods/university-hill-farms-neighborhood-features-long-time-residents-newcomers-and/article_d5750023-42ab-5c82-86e5-28420a54158b.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 26, 2019. 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Retrieved February 5, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cityofmadison.com&rft.atitle=Canoe+%26+Kayak+Rental+-+Parks+-+City+of+Madison%2C+Wisconsin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofmadison.com%2Fparks%2Fcanoekayakrental%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190326005856/http://www.cityofmadison.com/neighborhoods/profile/49.html">"Welcome to Marquette Neighborhood Association"</a>. City of Madison. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofmadison.com/neighborhoods/profile/49.html">the original</a> on March 26, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Madison&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Marquette+Neighborhood+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofmadison.com%2Fneighborhoods%2Fprofile%2F49.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams2017" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Barry (September 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://madison.com/wsj/news/local/iconic-madison-neighborhoods-willy-street-monroe-street-celebrate-th-year/article_dfd89f86-4389-5283-8501-70b62add72dc.html">"Iconic Madison neighborhoods Willy Street, Monroe Street celebrate 40th year events"</a>. Madison.com. 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Retrieved March 26, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Madison.com&rft.atitle=Iconic+Madison+neighborhoods+Willy+Street%2C+Monroe+Street+celebrate+40th+year+events&rft.date=2017-09-17&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmadison.com%2Fwsj%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Ficonic-madison-neighborhoods-willy-street-monroe-street-celebrate-th-year%2Farticle_dfd89f86-4389-5283-8501-70b62add72dc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mkx">"NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data"</a>. 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Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=willystreetcentral.com&rft.atitle=Neighborhood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwillystreetcentral.com%2Fneighborhood%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> Directors Guild of America, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dga.org/Craft/VisualHistory/Resources.aspx">Visual History Resources</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018175919/http://www.dga.org/Craft/VisualHistory/Resources.aspx">Archived</a> October 18, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rhythmandbooms.com/">the original</a> on September 17, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rhythm+and+Booms&rft.atitle=Rhythmand+Booms+-+San+Francisco+Real+Estate+Photographer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhythmandbooms.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160229180144/http://www.channel3000.com/news/report-new-fireworks-show-to-replace-rhythm-and-booms/32148558">"New fireworks show to replace Rhythm and Booms"</a>. April 2, 2015. 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Haworth, NJ: St. Johann Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-878282-45-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-878282-45-X"><bdi>1-878282-45-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70129209">70129209</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Outsiders+%3A+minor+league+and+independent+football%2C+1923-1950&rft.place=Haworth%2C+NJ&rft.pub=St.+Johann+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70129209&rft.isbn=1-878282-45-X&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F70129209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026174609/http://www.mufa.org/mufa/about/">"About MUFA"</a>. The Madison Ultimate Frisbee Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mufa.org/mufa/about/">the original</a> on October 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+MUFA&rft.pub=The+Madison+Ultimate+Frisbee+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mufa.org%2Fmufa%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRob_Thomas2013" class="citation web cs1">Rob Thomas (May 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://host.madison.com/ct/news/local/city-life/radical-dude-pro-ultimate-frisbee-team-debuts-in-madison/article_4ec88068-8d1a-5d06-8b01-091c18f0dc58.html">"Radical, dude: Pro ultimate Frisbee team debuts in Madison"</a>. madison.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130506100212/http://host.madison.com/ct/news/local/city-life/radical-dude-pro-ultimate-frisbee-team-debuts-in-madison/article_4ec88068-8d1a-5d06-8b01-091c18f0dc58.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2013. 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Trust for Public Land.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trust+for+Public+Land&rft.atitle=Parkscore&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fparkscore.tpl.org%2Fcity.php%3Fcity%3DMadison%23sm.00006e2grzgvjdymt7y2llnzwr8pk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190325202008/https://www.madisonopera.org/2018-2019-season/oitp/">"Opera in the Park"</a>. Madison Opera. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.madisonopera.org/2018-2019-season/oitp/">the original</a> on March 25, 2019. Retrieved March 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Madison+Opera&rft.atitle=Opera+in+the+Park&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.madisonopera.org%2F2018-2019-season%2Foitp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110818005622/http://hoofersailing.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=1&id=21&Itemid=23">"Hoofer Sailing – Snow Kiting"</a>. Hoofersailing.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hoofersailing.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=1&id=21&Itemid=23">the original</a> on August 18, 2011. 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Retrieved June 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=google.com&rft.atitle=Milwaukee+Journal+Sentinel+%E2%80%93+Google+News+Archive+Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D2EscAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2037%2C2769475%26dq%3Dmadtown%2Bmadison%2Bwisconsin%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100119210647/http://www.wkowtv.com/Global/story.asp?S=11826746">"Madison named one of the most gay-friendly cities in America – WKOW 27: Madison, WI Breaking News, Weather and Sports"</a>. Wkowtv.com. January 14, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wkowtv.com/Global/story.asp?S=11826746">the original</a> on January 19, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wkowtv.com&rft.atitle=Madison+named+one+of+the+most+gay-friendly+cities+in+America+%E2%80%93+WKOW+27%3A+Madison%2C+WI+Breaking+News%2C+Weather+and+Sports&rft.date=2010-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wkowtv.com%2FGlobal%2Fstory.asp%3FS%3D11826746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMosiman2013" class="citation news cs1">Mosiman, Dean (July 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/mayor-proposes-city-motto-square-miles-surrounded-by-reality/article_b47d7157-1f82-50bd-a18f-babcc4271b9f.html">"Mayor proposes city motto: '77 Square Miles Surrounded by Reality'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Journal" title="Wisconsin State Journal">Wisconsin State Journal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161118043707/http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/mayor-proposes-city-motto-square-miles-surrounded-by-reality/article_b47d7157-1f82-50bd-a18f-babcc4271b9f.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 18, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+State+Journal&rft.atitle=Mayor+proposes+city+motto%3A+%2777+Square+Miles+Surrounded+by+Reality%27&rft.date=2013-07-12&rft.aulast=Mosiman&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhost.madison.com%2Fwsj%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Fmayor-proposes-city-motto-square-miles-surrounded-by-reality%2Farticle_b47d7157-1f82-50bd-a18f-babcc4271b9f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ySwaAAAAIBAJ&pg=2688,177953&dq=madison+four-lakes-city&hl=en">"The Milwaukee Journal – Google News Archive Search"</a>. google.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225001925/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ySwaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8SQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2688,177953&dq=madison+four-lakes-city&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=google.com&rft.atitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal+%E2%80%93+Google+News+Archive+Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DySwaAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2688%2C177953%26dq%3Dmadison%2Bfour-lakes-city%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/06/partisan-rancour-and-public-universities">Polarisation in the People's Republic of Madison</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701173501/http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/06/partisan-rancour-and-public-universities">Archived</a> July 1, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". The Economist, June 5, 2012. Accessed November 5, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cityofmadison.com/sister-cities">"Sister Cities"</a>. City of Madison. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190430210401/http://www.cityofmadison.com/sister-cities">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved July 3, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+Cities&rft.pub=City+of+Madison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofmadison.com%2Fsister-cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadison%2C+Wisconsin" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Bates, Tom, Rads: The 1970 Bombing of the Army Math Research Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Its Aftermath (1993) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-092428-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-092428-4">0-06-092428-4</a></li> <li>Durrie, Daniel S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.DurrieHist">A History of Madison, the Capital of Wisconsin; Including the Four Lake Country</a>. Madison: Atwood & Culver, 1874.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.MadDane">Madison, Dane County and Surrounding Towns</a>. Madison: Wm. J. Park & Co., 1877.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraniss,_David" class="mw-redirect" title="Maraniss, David">Maraniss, David</a>, They Marched Into Sunlight: War and Peace Vietnam and America October 1967 (2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-1780-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-1780-2">0-7432-1780-2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-6104-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-6104-6">0-7432-6104-6</a> (about the Dow Chemical protest, and a battle in Vietnam that took place the previous day)</li> <li>Mollenhoff, David V. Madison, a history of the formative years (Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2003).</li> <li>Nolen, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/History.NolenMadsn">Madison: a Model City</a>. Boston: 1911.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thwaites,_Reuben_Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Thwaites, Reuben Gold">Thwaites, Reuben Gold</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.SOM">The Story of Madison</a>. J. N. Purcell, 1900.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Madison,_Wisconsin&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Madison, Wisconsin at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" 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Wisconsin">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Madison,_Wisconsin" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Madison, Wisconsin">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Madison,_Wisconsin" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Madison, Wisconsin">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Madison,_Wisconsin" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Madison, Wisconsin">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Madison,_Wisconsin" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Madison, Wisconsin">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Madison,_Wisconsin" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Madison, Wisconsin">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Madison" class="extiw" title="voy:Madison">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofmadison.com/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitmadison.com/">Greater Madison Convention & Visitors Bureau</a></li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI">State of Wisconsin Collection</a> presented by the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/">UW Digital Collections Center</a> includes digital resources on Madison, including: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.MadisonLocHist">Historical County Plat Maps from South Central Wisconsin and Early Madison City Directories</a></li> <li>Sanborn fire insurance maps: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6801">1885</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6790">1892</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6832">1898</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6870">1902</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/9278">1908</a></li></ul></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 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.navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/21px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/42px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Wisconsin" title="Portal:Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/19px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/29px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="City_of_Madison_and_metropolitan_area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Template:Madison, Wisconsin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Template talk:Madison, Wisconsin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Madison, Wisconsin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_of_Madison_and_metropolitan_area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">City of Madison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin,_metropolitan_statistical_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Madison, Wisconsin, metropolitan statistical area">metropolitan area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surrounding communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">(over 10,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DeForest,_Wisconsin" title="DeForest, Wisconsin">DeForest</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Fitchburg</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe,_Wisconsin" title="Monroe, Wisconsin">Monroe</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon,_Wisconsin" title="Oregon, Wisconsin">Oregon</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage,_Wisconsin" title="Portage, Wisconsin">Portage</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Wisconsin" title="Stoughton, Wisconsin">Stoughton</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Prairie,_Wisconsin" title="Sun Prairie, Wisconsin">Sun Prairie</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verona,_Wisconsin" title="Verona, Wisconsin">Verona</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waunakee,_Wisconsin" title="Waunakee, Wisconsin">Waunakee</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">(under 10,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_Wisconsin" title="Albany, Wisconsin">Albany</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena,_Wisconsin" title="Arena, Wisconsin">Arena</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Wisconsin" title="Arlington, Wisconsin">Arlington</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton,_Wisconsin" title="Ashton, Wisconsin">Ashton</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avoca,_Wisconsin" title="Avoca, Wisconsin">Avoca</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belleville,_Wisconsin" title="Belleville, Wisconsin">Belleville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanchardville,_Wisconsin" title="Blanchardville, Wisconsin">Blanchardville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blooming_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Blooming Grove, Wisconsin">Blooming Grove</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barneveld,_Wisconsin" title="Barneveld, Wisconsin">Barneveld</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Bristol, Dane County, Wisconsin">Bristol</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodhead,_Wisconsin" title="Brodhead, Wisconsin">Brodhead</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_Green_County,_Wisconsin" title="Brooklyn, Green County, Wisconsin">Brooklyn</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browntown,_Wisconsin" title="Browntown, Wisconsin">Browntown</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burke,_Wisconsin" title="Burke, Wisconsin">Burke</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambria,_Wisconsin" title="Cambria, Wisconsin">Cambria</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobb,_Wisconsin" title="Cobb, Wisconsin">Cobb</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Wisconsin" title="Columbus, Wisconsin">Columbus</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Cottage Grove, Wisconsin">Cottage Grove</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunkirk,_Wisconsin" title="Dunkirk, Wisconsin">Dunkirk</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgeville,_Wisconsin" title="Dodgeville, Wisconsin">Dodgeville</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doylestown,_Wisconsin" title="Doylestown, Wisconsin">Doylestown</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunn,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dunn, Dane County, Wisconsin">Dunn</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Wisconsin" title="Fall River, Wisconsin">Fall River</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friesland,_Wisconsin" title="Friesland, Wisconsin">Friesland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland,_Iowa_County,_Wisconsin" title="Highland, Iowa County, Wisconsin">Highland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Hope, Dane County, Wisconsin">Hope</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollandale,_Wisconsin" title="Hollandale, Wisconsin">Hollandale</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juda,_Wisconsin" title="Juda, Wisconsin">Juda</a>§</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Wisconsin" title="Linden, Wisconsin">Linden</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Wisconsin" title="Livingston, Wisconsin">Livingston</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodi,_Wisconsin" title="Lodi, Wisconsin">Lodi</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Wisconsin,_Wisconsin" title="Lake Wisconsin, Wisconsin">Lake Wisconsin</a>§</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple_Bluff,_Wisconsin" title="Maple Bluff, Wisconsin">Maple Bluff</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McFarland,_Wisconsin" title="McFarland, Wisconsin">McFarland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_Point,_Wisconsin" title="Mineral Point, Wisconsin">Mineral Point</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Horeb,_Wisconsin" title="Mount Horeb, Wisconsin">Mt Horeb</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monona,_Wisconsin" title="Monona, Wisconsin">Monona</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montfort,_Wisconsin" title="Montfort, Wisconsin">Montfort</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello,_Green_County,_Wisconsin" title="Monticello, Green County, Wisconsin">Monticello</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Wisconsin" title="Montrose, Wisconsin">Montrose</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscoda,_Wisconsin" title="Muscoda, Wisconsin">Muscoda</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glarus,_Wisconsin" title="New Glarus, Wisconsin">New Glarus</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardeeville,_Wisconsin" title="Pardeeville, Wisconsin">Pardeville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Springs,_Wisconsin" title="Pleasant Springs, Wisconsin">Pleasant Springs</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poynette,_Wisconsin" title="Poynette, Wisconsin">Poynette</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph,_Wisconsin" title="Randolph, Wisconsin">Randolph</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rewey,_Wisconsin" title="Rewey, Wisconsin">Rewey</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgeway,_Wisconsin" title="Ridgeway, Wisconsin">Ridgeway</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio,_Wisconsin" title="Rio, Wisconsin">Rio</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorewood_Hills,_Wisconsin" title="Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin">Shorewood Hills</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Springfield, Dane County, Wisconsin">Springfield</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westport,_Wisconsin" title="Westport, Wisconsin">Westport</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Dells,_Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin">Wisconsin Dells</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Wisconsin" title="Windsor, Wisconsin">Windsor</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyocena,_Wisconsin" title="Wyocena, Wisconsin">Wyocena</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Wisconsin"><img alt="Flag of Wisconsin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/100px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/150px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/200px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Wisconsin" title="Columbia County, Wisconsin">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_County,_Wisconsin" title="Green County, Wisconsin">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_County,_Wisconsin" title="Iowa County, Wisconsin">Iowa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Plain_(Wisconsin)" title="Central Plain (Wisconsin)">Central Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driftless_Area" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ridges_and_Lowlands" title="Eastern Ridges and Lowlands">Eastern Ridges and Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Upland" title="Western Upland">Western Upland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Reservation lands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk_Nation_of_Wisconsin" title="Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin">Ho-Chunk Reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>*<a href="/wiki/Political_subdivisions_of_Wisconsin#Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Political subdivisions of Wisconsin">town</a> ‡<a href="/wiki/Political_subdivisions_of_Wisconsin#Village" class="mw-redirect" title="Political subdivisions of Wisconsin">village</a> °<a href="/wiki/Political_subdivisions_of_Wisconsin#City" class="mw-redirect" title="Political subdivisions of Wisconsin">city</a> §<a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDP</a> †<a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Wisconsin#Unincorporated_communities" title="Administrative divisions of Wisconsin">unincorporated community</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Dane_County,_Wisconsin,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Template:Dane County, Wisconsin"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Template talk:Dane County, Wisconsin"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dane County, Wisconsin"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Dane_County,_Wisconsin,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane County, Wisconsin</a>, United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Wisconsin)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edgerton,_Wisconsin" title="Edgerton, Wisconsin">Edgerton</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monona,_Wisconsin" title="Monona, Wisconsin">Monona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Wisconsin" title="Stoughton, Wisconsin">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Prairie,_Wisconsin" title="Sun Prairie, Wisconsin">Sun Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verona,_Wisconsin" title="Verona, Wisconsin">Verona</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg/70px-Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg/105px-Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg/140px-Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Dane_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="1130" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Village_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Village (Wisconsin)">Villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belleville,_Wisconsin" title="Belleville, Wisconsin">Belleville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Earth,_Wisconsin" title="Black Earth, Wisconsin">Black Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mounds,_Wisconsin" title="Blue Mounds, Wisconsin">Blue Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_(village),_Wisconsin" title="Brooklyn (village), Wisconsin">Brooklyn</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Wisconsin" title="Cambridge, Wisconsin">Cambridge</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Cottage Grove, Wisconsin">Cottage Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Plains,_Wisconsin" title="Cross Plains, Wisconsin">Cross Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dane,_Wisconsin" title="Dane, Wisconsin">Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deerfield,_Wisconsin" title="Deerfield, Wisconsin">Deerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeForest,_Wisconsin" title="DeForest, Wisconsin">DeForest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple_Bluff,_Wisconsin" title="Maple Bluff, Wisconsin">Maple Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Marshall, Dane County, Wisconsin">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazomanie,_Wisconsin" title="Mazomanie, Wisconsin">Mazomanie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McFarland,_Wisconsin" title="McFarland, Wisconsin">McFarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Horeb,_Wisconsin" title="Mount Horeb, Wisconsin">Mount Horeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon,_Wisconsin" title="Oregon, Wisconsin">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockdale,_Wisconsin" title="Rockdale, Wisconsin">Rockdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorewood_Hills,_Wisconsin" title="Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin">Shorewood Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waunakee,_Wisconsin" title="Waunakee, Wisconsin">Waunakee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Wisconsin" title="Windsor, Wisconsin">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town_(Wisconsin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Town (Wisconsin)">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albion,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Albion, Dane County, Wisconsin">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry,_Wisconsin" title="Berry, Wisconsin">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Earth_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Black Earth (town), Wisconsin">Black Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blooming_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Blooming Grove, Wisconsin">Blooming Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mounds_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Blue Mounds (town), Wisconsin">Blue Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Bristol, Dane County, Wisconsin">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burke,_Wisconsin" title="Burke, Wisconsin">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiana,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Christiana, Dane County, Wisconsin">Christiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_Grove_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Cottage Grove (town), Wisconsin">Cottage Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Plains_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Cross Plains (town), Wisconsin">Cross Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dane_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Dane (town), Wisconsin">Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deerfield_(town),_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Deerfield (town), Dane County, Wisconsin">Deerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunkirk,_Wisconsin" title="Dunkirk, Wisconsin">Dunkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunn,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dunn, Dane County, Wisconsin">Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Madison (town), Wisconsin">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazomanie_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Mazomanie (town), Wisconsin">Mazomanie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina,_Wisconsin" title="Medina, Wisconsin">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Middleton (town), Wisconsin">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Wisconsin" title="Montrose, Wisconsin">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Oregon (town), Wisconsin">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry,_Wisconsin" title="Perry, Wisconsin">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Springs,_Wisconsin" title="Pleasant Springs, Wisconsin">Pleasant Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primrose,_Wisconsin" title="Primrose, Wisconsin">Primrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Wisconsin" title="Roxbury, Wisconsin">Roxbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland,_Wisconsin" title="Rutland, Wisconsin">Rutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Wisconsin" title="Springdale, Wisconsin">Springdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Springfield, Dane County, Wisconsin">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Prairie_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Sun Prairie (town), Wisconsin">Sun Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont,_Wisconsin" title="Vermont, Wisconsin">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verona_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Verona (town), Wisconsin">Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna,_Wisconsin" title="Vienna, Wisconsin">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westport,_Wisconsin" title="Westport, Wisconsin">Westport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="York, Dane County, Wisconsin">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albion_(community),_Wisconsin" title="Albion (community), Wisconsin">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldens_Corners,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldens Corners, Wisconsin">Aldens Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton,_Wisconsin" title="Ashton, Wisconsin">Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basco,_Wisconsin" title="Basco, Wisconsin">Basco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burke_(community),_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Burke (community), Wisconsin">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daleyville,_Wisconsin" title="Daleyville, Wisconsin">Daleyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deansville,_Wisconsin" title="Deansville, Wisconsin">Deansville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Door_Creek,_Wisconsin" title="Door Creek, Wisconsin">Door Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunkirk_(community),_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunkirk (community), Wisconsin">Dunkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bristol,_Wisconsin" title="East Bristol, Wisconsin">East Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvers,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Elvers, Wisconsin">Elvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Points, Dane County, Wisconsin">Five Points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward,_Wisconsin" title="Forward, Wisconsin">Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanerville,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanerville, Wisconsin">Hanerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highwood,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Highwood, Wisconsin">Highwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillside,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillside, Wisconsin">Hillside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoffman_Corners,_Wisconsin" title="Hoffman Corners, Wisconsin">Hoffman Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Hope, Dane County, Wisconsin">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Heights,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Heights, Dane County, Wisconsin">Indian Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kegonsa,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegonsa, Wisconsin">Kegonsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsley_Corners,_Wisconsin" title="Kingsley Corners, Wisconsin">Kingsley Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klevenville,_Wisconsin" title="Klevenville, Wisconsin">Klevenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Wisconsin" title="London, Wisconsin">London</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Hill,_Wisconsin" title="Lutheran Hill, Wisconsin">Lutheran Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinsville,_Wisconsin" title="Martinsville, Wisconsin">Martinsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxville,_Wisconsin" title="Marxville, Wisconsin">Marxville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton_Junction,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Middleton Junction, Wisconsin">Middleton Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrisonville,_Wisconsin" title="Morrisonville, Wisconsin">Morrisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose_(community),_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Montrose (community), Wisconsin">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Wisconsin" title="Mount Vernon, Wisconsin">Mount Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora,_Wisconsin" title="Nora, Wisconsin">Nora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway_Grove,_Wisconsin" title="Norway Grove, Wisconsin">Norway Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Deerfield,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Deerfield, Wisconsin">Old Deerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoli,_Wisconsin" title="Paoli, Wisconsin">Paoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierceville,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierceville, Wisconsin">Pierceville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Wisconsin" title="Pine Bluff, Wisconsin">Pine Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primrose_(community),_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Primrose (community), Wisconsin">Primrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riley,_Wisconsin" title="Riley, Wisconsin">Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury_(community),_Wisconsin" title="Roxbury (community), Wisconsin">Roxbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland_(community),_Wisconsin" title="Rutland (community), Wisconsin">Rutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminary_Springs,_Wisconsin" title="Seminary Springs, Wisconsin">Seminary Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Corners,_Wisconsin" title="Springfield Corners, Wisconsin">Springfield Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone,_Wisconsin" title="Stone, Wisconsin">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_Creek,_Wisconsin" title="Token Creek, Wisconsin">Token Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica,_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Utica, Dane County, Wisconsin">Utica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_(community),_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont (community), Wisconsin">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilas_(community),_Dane_County,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilas (community), Dane County, Wisconsin">Vilas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="West Middleton, Wisconsin">West Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Center,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="York Center, Wisconsin">York Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg_Center,_Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Fitchburg Center, Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Fitchburg Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Windsor,_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Windsor, Wisconsin">Lake Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Hall,_Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Oak Hall, Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Oak Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk_Nation_of_Wisconsin" title="Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin">Ho-Chunk Indian Reservation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wisconsin_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Wisconsin (state)">Wisconsin portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Wisconsin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wisconsin" title="Template:Wisconsin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wisconsin" title="Template talk:Wisconsin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wisconsin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wisconsin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Wisconsin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Wisconsin-related_articles" title="Index of Wisconsin-related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Wisconsin" title="Outline of Wisconsin">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Wisconsin" title="Agriculture in Wisconsin">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_dairy_industry" title="Wisconsin dairy industry">Dairy industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Wisconsin" title="Climate change in Wisconsin">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Wisconsin" title="Geography of Wisconsin">Geography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Wisconsin" title="List of islands of Wisconsin">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Wisconsin" title="List of lakes of Wisconsin">Lakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Wisconsin" title="List of governors of Wisconsin">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Wisconsin" title="United States congressional delegations from Wisconsin">Delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wisconsin" title="History of Wisconsin">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Wisconsin" title="List of people from Wisconsin">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Wisconsin" title="Sports in Wisconsin">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wisconsin_state_symbols" title="List of Wisconsin state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Wisconsin" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Wisconsin">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Wisconsin" title="Abortion in Wisconsin">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Wisconsin" title="Administrative divisions of Wisconsin">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Wisconsin" title="Cannabis in Wisconsin">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Wisconsin" title="Crime in Wisconsin">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wisconsin_culture" title="Category:Wisconsin culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin#Demographics" title="Wisconsin">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin#Economy" title="Wisconsin">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin#Education" title="Wisconsin">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Wisconsin" title="Gun laws in Wisconsin">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Wisconsin">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin#Politics" title="Wisconsin">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin#Geography" title="Wisconsin">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostle_Islands" title="Apostle Islands">Apostle Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Plain_(Wisconsin)" title="Central Plain (Wisconsin)">Central Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippewa_Valley" title="Chippewa Valley">Chippewa Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Door_Peninsula" title="Door Peninsula">Door Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driftless_Area" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ridges_and_Lowlands" title="Eastern Ridges and Lowlands">Eastern Ridges and Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_River_(Green_Bay_tributary)" title="Fox River (Green Bay tributary)">Fox River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_River_Road" title="Great River Road">Great River Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Superior_Lowland" title="Lake Superior Lowland">Lake Superior Lowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Highland" title="Northern Highland">Northern Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Upland" title="Western Upland">Western Upland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_statistical_areas" title="Wisconsin statistical areas">Major metropolitan areas</a> (pop. over 500,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin,_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Madison, Wisconsin, metropolitan area">Madison metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_metropolitan_area" title="Milwaukee metropolitan area">Milwaukee metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Twin Cities metropolitan area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wisconsin" title="List of cities in Wisconsin">Largest cities</a> (pop. over 50,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Wisconsin" title="Appleton, Wisconsin">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">Eau Claire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racine,_Wisconsin" title="Racine, Wisconsin">Racine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waukesha,_Wisconsin" title="Waukesha, Wisconsin">Waukesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Allis,_Wisconsin" title="West Allis, Wisconsin">West Allis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wisconsin" title="List of cities in Wisconsin">Smaller cities</a> (pop. 15,000 to 50,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Dam,_Wisconsin" title="Beaver Dam, Wisconsin">Beaver Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloit,_Wisconsin" title="Beloit, Wisconsin">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookfield,_Wisconsin" title="Brookfield, Wisconsin">Brookfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cudahy,_Wisconsin" title="Cudahy, Wisconsin">Cudahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Pere,_Wisconsin" title="De Pere, Wisconsin">De Pere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Wisconsin" title="Fitchburg, Wisconsin">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fond_du_Lac,_Wisconsin" title="Fond du Lac, Wisconsin">Fond du Lac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Milwaukee_County,_Wisconsin" title="Franklin, Milwaukee County, Wisconsin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenfield,_Wisconsin" title="Greenfield, Wisconsin">Greenfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Wisconsin" title="Hartford, Wisconsin">Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_Wisconsin" title="Hudson, Wisconsin">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaukauna,_Wisconsin" title="Kaukauna, Wisconsin">Kaukauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Manitowoc, Wisconsin">Manitowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshfield,_Wisconsin" title="Marshfield, Wisconsin">Marshfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menasha,_Wisconsin" title="Menasha, Wisconsin">Menasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menomonie,_Wisconsin" title="Menomonie, Wisconsin">Menomonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mequon,_Wisconsin" title="Mequon, Wisconsin">Mequon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Wisconsin" title="Middleton, Wisconsin">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskego,_Wisconsin" title="Muskego, Wisconsin">Muskego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neenah,_Wisconsin" title="Neenah, Wisconsin">Neenah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Berlin,_Wisconsin" title="New Berlin, Wisconsin">New Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Creek,_Wisconsin" title="Oak Creek, Wisconsin">Oak Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconomowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Oconomowoc, Wisconsin">Oconomowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onalaska,_Wisconsin" title="Onalaska, Wisconsin">Onalaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="River Falls, Wisconsin">River Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheboygan,_Wisconsin" title="Sheboygan, Wisconsin">Sheboygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Milwaukee,_Wisconsin" title="South Milwaukee, Wisconsin">South Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevens_Point,_Wisconsin" title="Stevens Point, Wisconsin">Stevens Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Prairie,_Wisconsin" title="Sun Prairie, Wisconsin">Sun Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin" title="Superior, Wisconsin">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Wisconsin" title="Watertown, Wisconsin">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wausau,_Wisconsin" title="Wausau, Wisconsin">Wausau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wauwatosa,_Wisconsin" title="Wauwatosa, Wisconsin">Wauwatosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bend,_Wisconsin" title="West Bend, Wisconsin">West Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Rapids,_Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin">Wisconsin Rapids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Wisconsin" title="List of villages in Wisconsin">Largest villages</a> (pop. over 15,000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashwaubenon,_Wisconsin" title="Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin">Ashwaubenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Wisconsin" title="Bellevue, Wisconsin">Bellevue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledonia,_Wisconsin" title="Caledonia, Wisconsin">Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Crossing,_Wisconsin" title="Fox Crossing, Wisconsin">Fox Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Wisconsin" title="Germantown, Wisconsin">Germantown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard,_Wisconsin" title="Howard, Wisconsin">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menomonee_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin">Menomonee Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Wisconsin" title="Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Prairie,_Wisconsin" title="Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin">Pleasant Prairie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Wisconsin" title="List of counties in Wisconsin">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_County,_Wisconsin" title="Adams County, Wisconsin">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland_County,_Wisconsin" title="Ashland County, Wisconsin">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barron_County,_Wisconsin" title="Barron County, Wisconsin">Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayfield_County,_Wisconsin" title="Bayfield County, Wisconsin">Bayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_County,_Wisconsin" title="Brown County, Wisconsin">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_County,_Wisconsin" title="Buffalo County, Wisconsin">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnett_County,_Wisconsin" title="Burnett County, Wisconsin">Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calumet_County,_Wisconsin" title="Calumet County, Wisconsin">Calumet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippewa_County,_Wisconsin" title="Chippewa County, Wisconsin">Chippewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Wisconsin" title="Clark County, Wisconsin">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Wisconsin" title="Columbia County, Wisconsin">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Wisconsin" title="Crawford County, Wisconsin">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dane_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dane County, Wisconsin">Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dodge County, Wisconsin">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Door_County,_Wisconsin" title="Door County, Wisconsin">Door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Wisconsin" title="Douglas County, Wisconsin">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunn_County,_Wisconsin" title="Dunn County, Wisconsin">Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire_County,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire County, Wisconsin">Eau Claire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_County,_Wisconsin" title="Florence County, Wisconsin">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fond_du_Lac_County,_Wisconsin" title="Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin">Fond du Lac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_County,_Wisconsin" title="Forest County, Wisconsin">Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Wisconsin" title="Grant County, Wisconsin">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_County,_Wisconsin" title="Green County, Wisconsin">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lake_County,_Wisconsin" title="Green Lake County, Wisconsin">Green Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_County,_Wisconsin" title="Iowa County, Wisconsin">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_County,_Wisconsin" title="Iron County, Wisconsin">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Wisconsin" title="Jackson County, Wisconsin">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Wisconsin" title="Jefferson County, Wisconsin">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneau_County,_Wisconsin" title="Juneau County, Wisconsin">Juneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha_County,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha County, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kewaunee_County,_Wisconsin" title="Kewaunee County, Wisconsin">Kewaunee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse_County,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse County, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_County,_Wisconsin" title="Lafayette County, Wisconsin">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langlade_County,_Wisconsin" title="Langlade County, Wisconsin">Langlade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Wisconsin" title="Lincoln County, Wisconsin">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitowoc_County,_Wisconsin" title="Manitowoc County, Wisconsin">Manitowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_County,_Wisconsin" title="Marathon County, Wisconsin">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinette_County,_Wisconsin" title="Marinette County, Wisconsin">Marinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_County,_Wisconsin" title="Marquette County, Wisconsin">Marquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menominee_County,_Wisconsin" title="Menominee County, Wisconsin">Menominee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_County,_Wisconsin" title="Milwaukee County, Wisconsin">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Wisconsin" title="Monroe County, Wisconsin">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconto_County,_Wisconsin" title="Oconto County, Wisconsin">Oconto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneida_County,_Wisconsin" title="Oneida County, Wisconsin">Oneida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outagamie_County,_Wisconsin" title="Outagamie County, Wisconsin">Outagamie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozaukee_County,_Wisconsin" title="Ozaukee County, Wisconsin">Ozaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_County,_Wisconsin" title="Pepin County, Wisconsin">Pepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_County,_Wisconsin" title="Pierce County, Wisconsin">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polk_County,_Wisconsin" title="Polk County, Wisconsin">Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage_County,_Wisconsin" title="Portage County, Wisconsin">Portage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_County,_Wisconsin" title="Price County, Wisconsin">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racine_County,_Wisconsin" title="Racine County, Wisconsin">Racine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_County,_Wisconsin" title="Richland County, Wisconsin">Richland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_County,_Wisconsin" title="Rock County, Wisconsin">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk_County,_Wisconsin" title="Rusk County, Wisconsin">Rusk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauk_County,_Wisconsin" title="Sauk County, Wisconsin">Sauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawyer_County,_Wisconsin" title="Sawyer County, Wisconsin">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawano_County,_Wisconsin" title="Shawano County, Wisconsin">Shawano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheboygan_County,_Wisconsin" title="Sheboygan County, Wisconsin">Sheboygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Croix_County,_Wisconsin" title="St. Croix County, Wisconsin">St. Croix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Wisconsin" title="Taylor County, Wisconsin">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trempealeau_County,_Wisconsin" title="Trempealeau County, Wisconsin">Trempealeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_County,_Wisconsin" title="Vernon County, Wisconsin">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilas_County,_Wisconsin" title="Vilas County, Wisconsin">Vilas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walworth_County,_Wisconsin" title="Walworth County, Wisconsin">Walworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washburn_County,_Wisconsin" title="Washburn County, Wisconsin">Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Wisconsin" title="Washington County, Wisconsin">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waukesha_County,_Wisconsin" title="Waukesha County, Wisconsin">Waukesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waupaca_County,_Wisconsin" title="Waupaca County, Wisconsin">Waupaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waushara_County,_Wisconsin" title="Waushara County, Wisconsin">Waushara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnebago_County,_Wisconsin" title="Winnebago County, Wisconsin">Winnebago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_County,_Wisconsin" title="Wood County, Wisconsin">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/48px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/64px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Wisconsin" title="Portal:Wisconsin">Wisconsin portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_state_capitals" title="Template talk:US state capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capitals of the United States by jurisdiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> Nation: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> States: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">AL</a> <a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">AK</a> <a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">AZ</a> <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">AR</a> <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a> <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">CO</a> <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">CT</a> <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">DE</a> <a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a> <a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">GA</a> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">HI</a> <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">ID</a> <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">IL</a> <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">IN</a> <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">IA</a> <a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">KS</a> <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">KY</a> <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">LA</a> <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">ME</a> <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">MD</a> <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">MA</a> <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a> <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">MN</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">MS</a> <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">MO</a> <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">MT</a> <a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">NE</a> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">NV</a> <a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">NH</a> <a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">NJ</a> <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">NM</a> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a> <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">NC</a> <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">OK</a> <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">OR</a> <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">PA</a> <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">RI</a> <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">SC</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">SD</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">TN</a> <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">TX</a> <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">UT</a> <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">VT</a> <a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">VA</a> <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a> <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Washington" title="Olympia, Washington">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">WV</a> <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">WI</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">WY</a> <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne</a></li></ul> Territories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">AS</a> <a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">GU</a> <a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a,_Guam" title="Hagåtña, Guam">Hagåtña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a> <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">PR</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">VI</a> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Amalie,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" title="Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands">Charlotte Amalie</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Midwestern_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Midwestern_United_States" title="Template:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Midwestern_United_States" title="Template talk:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Midwestern_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midwestern_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Culture" title="Midwestern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Physical_geography" title="Midwestern United States">Geography</a></li> <li>Economy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Political_trends" title="Midwestern United States">Government and politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#History" title="Midwestern United States">History</a></li> <li>Sports</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Subregions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Northern Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_North_Central_states" title="East North Central states">East North Central states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_North_Central_states" title="West North Central states">West North Central states</a></li> <li><a href="#Cultural_overlap">Southern Midwest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">State capitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="James_Madison" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:James_Madison" title="Template:James Madison"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:James_Madison" title="Template talk:James Madison"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:James_Madison" title="Special:EditPage/Template:James Madison"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="James_Madison" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">4th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1809–1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_secretaries_of_state_of_the_United_States" title="List of secretaries of state of the United States">5th</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> (1801–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> (1789–1797)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Congress of the Confederation</a> (1781–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">Virginia House of Delegates</a> (1776–1779, 1784–1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Virginia_Convention" title="Fifth Virginia Convention">Delegate, Fifth Virginia Convention</a> (1776)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_as_Father_of_the_Constitution" title="James Madison as Father of the Constitution">"Father of the Constitution"</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Constitution#1776" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Constitution">Co-wrote, 1776 Virginia Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Convention_(1786)" title="Annapolis Convention (1786)">1786 Annapolis Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)#James_Madison's_blueprint" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">1787 Constitutional Convention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Plan" title="Virginia Plan">Virginia Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="History of the United States Constitution">Constitution of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_of_Debates_in_the_Federal_Convention_of_1787" title="Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787">Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Federalist_Papers_by_James_Madison" title="Category:Federalist Papers by James Madison">written by Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_No._10" title="Federalist No. 10">No. 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_No._51" title="Federalist No. 51">No. 51</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Ratifying_Convention" title="Virginia Ratifying Convention">Virginia Ratifying Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">United States Bill of Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution">27th amendment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">Constitution drafting and ratification timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariff_of_1789" title="Tariff of 1789">Tariff of 1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Madison" title="Presidency of James Madison">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_James_Madison" title="First inauguration of James Madison">First inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_James_Madison" title="Second inauguration of James Madison">Second inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh%27s_War" title="Tecumseh's War">Tecumseh's War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tippecanoe" title="Battle of Tippecanoe">Battle of Tippecanoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_the_War_of_1812" title="Origins of the War of 1812">origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_letters" title="Henry letters">Henry letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Washington" title="Burning of Washington">Burning of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Octagon_House" title="The Octagon House">The Octagon House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ghent" title="Treaty of Ghent">Treaty of Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Buildings" title="Seven Buildings">Seven Buildings residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_War_of_1812" title="Results of the War of 1812">results</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Barbary_War" title="Second Barbary War">Second Barbary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_Good_Feelings" title="Era of Good Feelings">Era of Good Feelings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Second Bank of the United States">Second Bank of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1810_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1810 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address (1810</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1814_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1814 State of the Union Address">1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1815_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1815 State of the Union Address">1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1816 State of the Union Address"> 1816)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison#Administration_and_cabinet" title="James Madison">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_James_Madison" title="List of federal judges appointed by James Madison">Federal judiciary appointments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other noted accomplisments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Whig%E2%80%93Cliosophic_Society" title="American Whig–Cliosophic Society">Co-founder, American Whig Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington%27s_Farewell_Address" title="George Washington's Farewell Address">Co-author, George Washington's Farewell Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Supervised the Louisiana Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Administration_party" title="Anti-Administration party">Anti-Administration party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residence_Act" title="Residence Act">Residence Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1790" title="Compromise of 1790">Compromise of 1790</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Party_System" title="First Party System">First Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">republicanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress#History" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_and_Virginia_Resolutions" title="Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions">Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Report_of_1800" title="Report of 1800">Report of 1800</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacificus-Helvidius_Debates" title="Pacificus-Helvidius Debates">Pacificus-Helvidius Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Papers_of_James_Madison" title="The Papers of James Madison">The Papers of James Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founders_Online" title="Founders Online">Founders Online</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison#Early_life_and_career" title="James Madison">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_and_slavery" title="James Madison and slavery">James Madison and slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Grove_(Port_Conway,_Virginia)" title="Belle Grove (Port Conway, Virginia)">Belle Grove Plantation, birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montpelier_(Orange,_Virginia)" title="Montpelier (Orange, Virginia)">Montpelier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1789_Virginia%27s_5th_congressional_district_election" title="1789 Virginia's 5th congressional district election">1789 Virginia's 5th congressional district election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1790_and_1791_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1790 and 1791 United States House of Representatives elections">1790</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_and_1793_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1792 and 1793 United States House of Representatives elections">1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1794_and_1795_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1794 and 1795 United States House of Representatives elections">1794</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">U.S. presidential election, 1808</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_James_Madison" title="Bibliography of James Madison">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_James_Madison" title="List of memorials to James Madison">Memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Memorial_Building" title="James Madison Memorial Building">James Madison Memorial Building</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_James_Madison" title="Statue of James Madison">statue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_University" title="James Madison University">James Madison University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_College" class="mw-redirect" title="James Madison College">James Madison College</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison, Wisconsin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Park" title="James Madison Park">James Madison Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vel_Phillips_Memorial_High_School" title="Vel Phillips Memorial High School">James Madison Memorial High School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_and_Madison_Square_Park" title="Madison Square and Madison Square Park">Madison Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_River" title="Madison River">Madison River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Madison" title="Mount Madison">Mount Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Street_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Madison Street (disambiguation)">Madison Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#James_Madison" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Memorial_Fellowship_Foundation" title="James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation">James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Freedom_of_Information_Award" title="James Madison Freedom of Information Award">James Madison Freedom of Information Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Award" title="James Madison Award">James Madison Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Institute" title="James Madison Institute">James Madison Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Museum" title="James Madison Museum">James Madison Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USRC_James_Madison_(1807)" class="mw-redirect" title="USRC James Madison (1807)">USRC James Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Madison_(1812)" title="USS Madison (1812)">USS Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_James_Madison_(SSBN-627)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS James Madison (SSBN-627)">USS James Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificent_Doll" title="Magnificent Doll">Magnificent Doll</a> (1946 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_More_Perfect_Union_(film)" title="A More Perfect Union (film)">A More Perfect Union (1989 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty%27s_Kids" title="Liberty's Kids">Liberty's Kids (2002 series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">musical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(2020_film)" title="Hamilton (2020 film)">film</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(miniseries)" title="Washington (miniseries)">Washington (2020 miniseries)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison" title="Marbury v. Madison">Marbury v. Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gazette" title="National Gazette">National Gazette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Jennings_(slave)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Jennings (slave)">Paul Jennings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madisonian_model" title="Madisonian model">Madisonian model</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_Madisonianism" title="Cognitive Madisonianism">Cognitive Madisonianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Museum_(magazine)" title="The American Museum (magazine)">The American Museum magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_dynasty" title="Virginia dynasty">Virginia dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolley_Madison" title="Dolley Madison">Dolley Madison</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Payne_Todd" title="John Payne Todd">John Payne Todd</a> (stepson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Sr." title="James Madison Sr.">James Madison Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Madison" title="Eleanor Madison">Eleanor Madison</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Madison" title="William Madison">William Madison</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Madison" title="Ambrose Madison">Ambrose Madison</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">← Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe →</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:James_Madison" title="Category:James Madison">Category:James Madison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template talk:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_megalopolis" title="Great Lakes megalopolis">Great Lakes megalopolis</a> as defined by the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">RPA</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Includes all metropolitan areas that have a population of 150,000 or greater according to the most recent national census.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Lakes region cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brantford" title="Brantford">Brantford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo%E2%80%93Niagara_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area"> Buffalo–Niagara Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">Cleveland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Detroit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Ports" title="Twin Ports">Duluth–Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duluth,_Minnesota" title="Duluth, Minnesota">Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin" title="Superior, Wisconsin">Superior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie%E2%80%93Meadville,_PA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Erie–Meadville, PA Combined Statistical Area">Erie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Erie, Pennsylvania">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids_metropolitan_area" title="Grand Rapids metropolitan area">Grand Rapids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelph" title="Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_metropolitan_area" title="Green Bay metropolitan area">Green Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland,_Michigan" title="Holland, Michigan">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo%E2%80%93Portage_metropolitan_area" title="Kalamazoo–Portage metropolitan area">Kalamazoo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo,_Michigan" title="Kalamazoo, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing%E2%80%93East_Lansing_metropolitan_area" title="Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area">Lansing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_metropolitan_area" title="Milwaukee metropolitan area">Milwaukee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskegon,_Michigan" title="Muskegon, Michigan">Muskegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Niagara" title="Regional Municipality of Niagara">Niagara Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Catharines" title="St. Catharines">St. Catharines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_Ontario" title="Niagara Falls, Ontario">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welland,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Welland, Ontario">Welland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niles,_Michigan" title="Niles, Michigan">Niles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshawa" title="Oshawa">Oshawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_New_York" title="Rochester metropolitan area, New York">Rochester, New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend%E2%80%93Mishawaka_metropolitan_area" title="South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area">South Bend</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend,_Indiana" title="South Bend, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_metropolitan_area" title="Toledo metropolitan area">Toledo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Toronto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City_metropolitan_area" title="Traverse City metropolitan area">Traverse City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City,_Michigan" title="Traverse City, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Waterloo Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/145px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/218px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/290px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="704" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surrounding cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron_metropolitan_area" title="Akron metropolitan area">Akron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altoona,_Pennsylvania" title="Altoona, Pennsylvania">Altoona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrie" title="Barrie">Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Bloomington metropolitan area, Indiana">Bloomington, Indiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington%E2%80%93Normal" title="Bloomington–Normal">Bloomington–Normal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Illinois" title="Bloomington, Illinois">Bloomington, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal,_Illinois" title="Normal, Illinois">Normal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton%E2%80%93Massillon,_Ohio,_metropolitan_area" title="Canton–Massillon, Ohio, metropolitan area">Canton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaign%E2%80%93Urbana_metropolitan_area" title="Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area">Champaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champaign,_Illinois" title="Champaign, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_metropolitan_area,_Ohio" title="Columbus metropolitan area, Ohio">Columbus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_metropolitan_area" title="Dayton metropolitan area">Dayton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire%E2%80%93Chippewa_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area">Eau Claire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkhart,_Indiana" title="Elkhart, Indiana">Elkhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evansville_metropolitan_area" title="Evansville metropolitan area">Evansville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evansville,_Indiana" title="Evansville, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo%E2%80%93Moorhead" title="Fargo–Moorhead">Fargo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_IN_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Wayne, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area">Fort Wayne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Cities" title="Fox Cities">Fox Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Wisconsin" title="Appleton, Wisconsin">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_metropolitan_area" title="Indianapolis metropolitan area">Indianapolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Michigan" title="Jackson, Michigan">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beloit,_Wisconsin" title="Beloit, Wisconsin">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley,_IL_MSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley, IL MSA">Kankakee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee,_Illinois" title="Kankakee, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse%E2%80%93Onalaska" title="La Crosse–Onalaska">La Crosse–Onalaska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onalaska,_Wisconsin" title="Onalaska, Wisconsin">Onalaska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Lafayette metropolitan area, Indiana">Lafayette</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Indiana" title="Lafayette, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area" title="Madison metropolitan area">Madison</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley" title="Mahoning Valley">Mahoning Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Montreal" title="Greater Montreal">Greater Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laval,_Quebec" title="Laval, Quebec">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longueuil" title="Longueuil">Longueuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(Canada)" title="National Capital Region (Canada)">National Capital Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatineau" title="Gatineau">Gatineau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh%E2%80%93New_Castle%E2%80%93Weirton_combined_statistical_area" title="Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area">Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoria metropolitan area, Illinois">Peoria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Rockford metropolitan area, Illinois">Rockford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockford,_Illinois" title="Rockford, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_Minnesota" title="Rochester metropolitan area, Minnesota">Rochester, Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguenay,_Quebec" title="Saguenay, Quebec">Saguenay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota_metropolitan_area" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota metropolitan area">St. Cloud</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Midland,_and_Bay_City_metropolitan_area" title="Saginaw, Midland, and Bay City metropolitan area">Saginaw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Michigan" title="Saginaw, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sioux Falls metropolitan area">Sioux Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Illinois">Springfield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sudbury" title="Greater Sudbury">Sudbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_neighbourhoods_of_Sudbury" title="Urban neighbourhoods of Sudbury">urban neighbourhoods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_metropolitan_area" title="Syracuse metropolitan area">Syracuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute_metropolitan_area" title="Terre Haute metropolitan area">Terre Haute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute,_Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica%E2%80%93Rome_metropolitan_area" title="Utica–Rome metropolitan area">Utica–Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utica,_New_York" title="Utica, New York">Utica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_New_York" title="Rome, New York">Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_Cities" title="Quad Cities">Quad Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bettendorf,_Iowa" title="Bettendorf, Iowa">Bettendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Moline,_Illinois" title="East Moline, Illinois">East Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moline,_Illinois" title="Moline, Illinois">Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Island,_Illinois" title="Rock Island, Illinois">Rock Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City_metropolitan_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Quebec City metropolitan community">Greater Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities of states south of region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_metropolitan_area" title="Elizabethtown metropolitan area">Elizabethtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">St. Louis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topeka_metropolitan_area,_Kansas" title="Topeka metropolitan area, Kansas">Topeka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling_metropolitan_area" title="Wheeling metropolitan area">Wheeling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling,_West_Virginia" title="Wheeling, West Virginia">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other metro-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horseshoe" title="Golden Horseshoe">Golden Horseshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_and_Hamilton_Area" title="Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area">Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Windsor" title="Detroit–Windsor">Detroit–Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Pittsburgh" title="Greater Pittsburgh">Greater Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_East" title="Metro East">Metro East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Megaregions_of_the_United_States" title="Megaregions of the United States">Other megaregions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="26"> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="51"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="76"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a></li> </ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cities ranked by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> population estimates for July 1, 2022.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Wisconsin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wisconsin_county_seats" title="Template:Wisconsin county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wisconsin_county_seats" title="Template talk:Wisconsin county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wisconsin_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wisconsin county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Wisconsin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seats" class="mw-redirect" title="County seats">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alma,_Wisconsin" title="Alma, Wisconsin">Alma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigo,_Wisconsin" title="Antigo, Wisconsin">Antigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Wisconsin" title="Appleton, Wisconsin">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Wisconsin" title="Ashland, Wisconsin">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsam_Lake,_Wisconsin" title="Balsam Lake, Wisconsin">Balsam Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baraboo,_Wisconsin" title="Baraboo, Wisconsin">Baraboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barron,_Wisconsin" title="Barron, Wisconsin">Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_River_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="Black River Falls, Wisconsin">Black River Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilton,_Wisconsin" title="Chilton, Wisconsin">Chilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippewa_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin">Chippewa Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crandon,_Wisconsin" title="Crandon, Wisconsin">Crandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlington,_Wisconsin" title="Darlington, Wisconsin">Darlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgeville,_Wisconsin" title="Dodgeville, Wisconsin">Dodgeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durand,_Wisconsin" title="Durand, Wisconsin">Durand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_River,_Wisconsin" title="Eagle River, Wisconsin">Eagle River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">Eau Claire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkhorn,_Wisconsin" title="Elkhorn, Wisconsin">Elkhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth,_Wisconsin" title="Ellsworth, Wisconsin">Ellsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_(CDP),_Wisconsin" title="Florence (CDP), Wisconsin">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fond_du_Lac,_Wisconsin" title="Fond du Lac, Wisconsin">Fond du Lac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship_(village),_Wisconsin" title="Friendship (village), Wisconsin">Friendship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Lake,_Wisconsin" title="Green Lake, Wisconsin">Green Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayward,_Wisconsin" title="Hayward, Wisconsin">Hayward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_Wisconsin" title="Hudson, Wisconsin">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurley,_Wisconsin" title="Hurley, Wisconsin">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Wisconsin" title="Jefferson, Wisconsin">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Wisconsin" title="Juneau, Wisconsin">Juneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshena,_Wisconsin" title="Keshena, Wisconsin">Keshena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kewaunee,_Wisconsin" title="Kewaunee, Wisconsin">Kewaunee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladysmith,_Wisconsin" title="Ladysmith, Wisconsin">Ladysmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Wisconsin" title="Lancaster, Wisconsin">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitowoc,_Wisconsin" title="Manitowoc, Wisconsin">Manitowoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinette,_Wisconsin" title="Marinette, Wisconsin">Marinette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauston,_Wisconsin" title="Mauston, Wisconsin">Mauston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Wisconsin" title="Medford, Wisconsin">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menomonie,_Wisconsin" title="Menomonie, Wisconsin">Menomonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrill,_Wisconsin" title="Merrill, Wisconsin">Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe,_Wisconsin" title="Monroe, Wisconsin">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montello,_Wisconsin" title="Montello, Wisconsin">Montello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neillsville,_Wisconsin" title="Neillsville, Wisconsin">Neillsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconto,_Wisconsin" title="Oconto, Wisconsin">Oconto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips,_Wisconsin" title="Phillips, Wisconsin">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Washington,_Wisconsin" title="Port Washington, Wisconsin">Port Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage,_Wisconsin" title="Portage, Wisconsin">Portage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_du_Chien,_Wisconsin" title="Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin">Prairie du Chien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racine,_Wisconsin" title="Racine, Wisconsin">Racine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinelander,_Wisconsin" title="Rhinelander, Wisconsin">Rhinelander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_Center,_Wisconsin" title="Richland Center, Wisconsin">Richland Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawano,_Wisconsin" title="Shawano, Wisconsin">Shawano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheboygan,_Wisconsin" title="Sheboygan, Wisconsin">Sheboygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_Lake,_Wisconsin" title="Shell Lake, Wisconsin">Shell Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren,_Wisconsin" title="Siren, Wisconsin">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta,_Wisconsin" title="Sparta, Wisconsin">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevens_Point,_Wisconsin" title="Stevens Point, Wisconsin">Stevens Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin">Sturgeon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin" title="Superior, Wisconsin">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viroqua,_Wisconsin" title="Viroqua, Wisconsin">Viroqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washburn,_Wisconsin" title="Washburn, Wisconsin">Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waukesha,_Wisconsin" title="Waukesha, Wisconsin">Waukesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waupaca,_Wisconsin" title="Waupaca, Wisconsin">Waupaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wausau,_Wisconsin" title="Wausau, Wisconsin">Wausau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wautoma,_Wisconsin" title="Wautoma, Wisconsin">Wautoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bend,_Wisconsin" title="West Bend, Wisconsin">West Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehall,_Wisconsin" title="Whitehall, Wisconsin">Whitehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Rapids,_Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin">Wisconsin Rapids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43788#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404237726">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140177246">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205840/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcxQCG9JVvxyfHMWPG73">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4114900-2">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79081547">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121674119">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121674119">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge134341&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5588483">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007548085005171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/188ae04a-63e2-423a-bc3d-f725f1214a69">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td 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