CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Anticline - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"efdc0710-db52-407c-80cb-eecdbb3f6336","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Anticline","wgTitle":"Anticline","wgCurRevisionId":1234890751,"wgRevisionId":1234890751,"wgArticleId":1345538,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2016","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use mdy dates from January 2016","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Structural geology"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Anticline","wgRelevantArticleId":1345538,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[ ],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q190147","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap", "ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/1200px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="734"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/800px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="489"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/640px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="392"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Anticline - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticline"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticline"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Anticline rootpage-Anticline skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anticline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anticline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Anticline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Anticline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology_of_different_folds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology_of_different_folds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminology of different folds</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Terminology_of_different_folds-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Terminology of different folds subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Terminology_of_different_folds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antiform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Antiform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Elements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_processes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_processes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Formation processes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_processes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economic significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable examples</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_examples-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable examples subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anticline</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plooirug" title="Plooirug – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Plooirug" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="طية محدبة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طية محدبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Антыкліналь – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Антыкліналь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Антиклинала – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антиклинала" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinala" title="Antiklinala – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Antiklinala" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinale" title="Antiklinale – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antiklinale" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinaal" title="Antiklinaal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Antiklinaal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Αντίκλινο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντίκλινο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinalo" title="Antiklinalo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antiklinalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="تاقدیس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تاقدیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dronnchlaonas" title="Dronnchlaonas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dronnchlaonas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B0%EC%82%AC" title="배사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="배사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Անտիկլինալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անտիկլինալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinala" title="Antiklinala – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Antiklinala" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklin" title="Antiklin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antiklin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinale" title="Anticlinale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anticlinale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A8" title="קמר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קמר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ანტიკლინი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტიკლინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Антиклиналь – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антиклиналь" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Антиклиналь – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Антиклиналь" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="അപനതി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അപനതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticline" title="Anticline – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anticline" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%8C%E6%96%9C" title="背斜 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="背斜" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadacha%27insa_goophaa(Anticline)" title="Dadacha'insa goophaa(Anticline) – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dadacha'insa goophaa(Anticline)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antyklina" title="Antyklina – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antyklina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticlinal" title="Anticlinal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anticlinal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Антиклиналь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Антиклиналь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklin%C3%A1la" title="Antiklinála – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Antiklinála" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinala" title="Antiklinala – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Antiklinala" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Антиклинала – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антиклинала" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinala" title="Antiklinala – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antiklinala" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Антиклинал – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Антиклинал" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiklinal" title="Antiklinal – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Antiklinal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Антикліналь – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антикліналь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BA%BFp_l%E1%BB%93i" title="Nếp lồi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nếp lồi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%8C%E6%96%9C" title="背斜 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="背斜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q190147#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anticline" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Anticline" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anticline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anticline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Anticline" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Anticline" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&oldid=1234890751" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Anticline&id=1234890751&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnticline"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnticline"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Anticline&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anticlines" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q190147" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">In geology, an anticline is a type of fold that is an arch-like shape</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline_(PSF)-vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/220px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/330px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg/440px-Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1123" data-file-height="687" /></a><figcaption>Cross-sectional diagram of an anticline</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg/220px-NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg/330px-NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/NJ_Route_23_anticline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="217" /></a><figcaption>Anticline exposed in road cut (small <a href="/wiki/Syncline" title="Syncline">syncline</a> visible at far right). Note the man standing in front of the formation, for scale. <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, U.S.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Structural_geology" title="Structural geology">structural geology</a>, an <b>anticline</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Fold_(geology)" title="Fold (geology)">fold</a> that is an arch-like shape and has its oldest <a href="/wiki/Bed_(geology)" title="Bed (geology)">beds</a> at its core, whereas a <a href="/wiki/Syncline" title="Syncline">syncline</a> is the inverse of an anticline. A typical anticline is <a href="/wiki/Convex_curve" title="Convex curve">convex</a> up in which the hinge or crest is the location where the <a href="/wiki/Curvature" title="Curvature">curvature</a> is greatest, and the limbs are the sides of the fold that <a href="/wiki/Strike_and_dip" title="Strike and dip">dip</a> away from the hinge. Anticlines can be recognized and differentiated from <b>antiforms</b> by a sequence of rock layers that become progressively older toward the center of the fold. Therefore, if age relationships between various <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">rock strata</a> are unknown, the term antiform should be used. </p><p>The progressing age of the rock strata towards the core and uplifted center, are the trademark indications for evidence of anticlines on a <a href="/wiki/Geologic_map" title="Geologic map">geologic map</a>. These formations occur because anticlinal ridges typically develop above <a href="/wiki/Thrust_fault" title="Thrust fault">thrust faults</a> during crustal deformations. The uplifted core of the fold causes compression of strata that preferentially erodes to a deeper stratigraphic level relative to the topographically lower flanks. Motion along the fault including both shortening and extension of tectonic plates, usually also deforms strata near the fault. This can result in an <a href="/wiki/Asymmetry" title="Asymmetry">asymmetrical</a> or overturned fold.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology_of_different_folds">Terminology of different folds <span class="anchor" id="Anticline_terminology"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology of different folds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flank_%26_hinge.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flank_%26_hinge.PNG/220px-Flank_%26_hinge.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flank_%26_hinge.PNG/330px-Flank_%26_hinge.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flank_%26_hinge.PNG/440px-Flank_%26_hinge.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="823" /></a><figcaption>Diagram showing constituent parts of an anticline</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiform">Antiform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Antiform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An <b>antiform</b> can be used to describe any fold that is convex up. It is the relative ages of the rock strata that distinguish anticlines from antiforms.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elements">Elements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Elements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>hinge</i> of an anticline refers to the location where the curvature is greatest, also called the <i>crest</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hinge is also the highest point on a stratum along the top of the fold. The <i>culmination</i> also refers to the highest point along any geologic structure. The <i>limbs</i> are the sides of the fold that display less curvature. The <i><a href="/wiki/Inflection_point" title="Inflection point">inflection point</a></i> is the area on the limbs where the curvature changes direction.<sup id="cite_ref-Hefferan_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hefferan-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>axial surface</i> is an imaginary plane connecting the hinge of each layer of rock stratum through the cross section of an anticline. If the axial surface is vertical and the angles on each side of the fold are equivalent, then the anticline is symmetrical. If the axial plane is tilted or offset, then the anticline is asymmetrical. An anticline that is cylindrical has a well-defined axial surface, whereas non-cylindrical anticlines are too complex to have a single axial plane. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types">Types</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An <b>overturned anticline</b> is an asymmetrical anticline with a limb that has been tilted beyond <a href="/wiki/Perpendicular" title="Perpendicular">perpendicular</a>, so that the beds in that limb have basically flipped over and may dip in the same direction on both sides of the axial plane.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the angle between the limbs is large (70–120 degrees), then the fold is an <b>"open" fold</b>, but if the angle between the limbs is small (30 degrees or less), then the fold is a <b>"tight" fold</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshak_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshak-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If an anticline plunges (i.e., the anticline crest is inclined to the Earth's surface), it will form <i>V</i>s on a <a href="/wiki/Geologic_map" title="Geologic map">geologic map</a> view that point in the direction of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plunge_(geology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plunge (geology) (page does not exist)">plunge</a>. A <b>plunging anticline</b> has a hinge that is not parallel to the earth's surface. All anticlines and synclines have some degree of plunge. <b>Periclinal folds</b> are a type of anticlines that have a well-defined, but curved hinge line and are doubly plunging and thus elongate <a href="/wiki/Dome_(geology)" title="Dome (geology)">domes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Anticline.png/220px-Anticline.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Anticline.png/330px-Anticline.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Anticline.png/440px-Anticline.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="920" /></a><figcaption>Model of anticline. Oldest beds are in the center and youngest on the outside. The axial plane intersects the center angle of bend. The hinge line follows the line of greatest bend, where the axial plane intersects the outside of the fold.</figcaption></figure> <p>Folds in which the limbs dip toward the hinge and display a more U-like shape are called <i><a href="/wiki/Syncline" title="Syncline">synclines</a></i>. They usually flank the sides of anticlines and display opposite characteristics. A syncline's oldest rock strata are in its outer limbs; the rocks become progressively younger toward its hinge. A <i><a href="/wiki/Monocline" title="Monocline">monocline</a></i> is a bend in the strata resulting in a local steepening in only one direction of dip.<sup id="cite_ref-Hefferan_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hefferan-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Monoclines have the shape of a carpet draped over a stairstep.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshak_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshak-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An anticline that has been more deeply eroded in the center is called a <b>breached or scalped anticline</b>. Breached anticlines can become incised by stream erosion, forming an anticlinal valley. </p><p>A structure that plunges in all directions to form a circular or elongate structure is a <i><a href="/wiki/Dome_(geology)" title="Dome (geology)">dome</a></i>. Domes may be created via <a href="/wiki/Diapir" title="Diapir">diapirism</a> from underlying <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magmatic</a> intrusions or upwardly mobile, mechanically ductile material such as <a href="/wiki/Rock_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock salt">rock salt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Salt_dome" title="Salt dome">salt dome</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">shale</a> (shale diapir) that cause deformations and uplift in the surface rock. The <a href="/wiki/Richat_Structure" title="Richat Structure">Richat Structure</a> of the Sahara is considered a dome that has been laid bare by erosion. </p><p>An anticline which plunges at both ends is termed a <b>doubly plunging anticline</b>, and may be formed from multiple deformations, or superposition of two sets of folds. It may also be related to the geometry of the underlying detachment fault and the varying amount of displacement along the surface of that detachment fault. </p><p>An <b>anticlinorium</b> is a large anticline in which a series of minor anticlinal folds are superimposed. Examples include the <a href="/wiki/Late_Jurassic" title="Late Jurassic">Late Jurassic</a> to <a href="/wiki/Early_Cretaceous" title="Early Cretaceous">Early Cretaceous</a> <a href="/wiki/Purcell_Mountains" title="Purcell Mountains">Purcell</a> Anticlinorium in British Columbia<sup id="cite_ref-dict_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge</a> anticlinorium of northern Virginia and Maryland in the Appalachians,<sup id="cite_ref-MonroeWicander2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MonroeWicander2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <a href="/wiki/Nittany_Valley" title="Nittany Valley">Nittany Valley</a> in central Pennsylvania. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_processes">Formation processes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Formation processes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline-lebanon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Anticline-lebanon.jpg/220px-Anticline-lebanon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Anticline-lebanon.jpg/330px-Anticline-lebanon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Anticline-lebanon.jpg/440px-Anticline-lebanon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Anticline near <a href="/wiki/Ehden" title="Ehden">Ehden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Anticlines are usually developed above thrust faults, so any small <a href="/wiki/Compression_(physics)" title="Compression (physics)">compression</a> and motion within the inner crust can have large effects on the upper rock stratum. Stresses developed during mountain building or during other tectonic processes can similarly warp or bend bedding and <a href="/wiki/Foliation_(geology)" title="Foliation (geology)">foliation</a> (or other planar features). The more the underlying fault is tectonically uplifted, the more the strata will be deformed and must adapt to new shapes. The shape formed will also be very dependent on the properties and cohesion of the different types of rock within each layer. </p><p>During the formation of flexural-slip folds, the different rock layers form parallel-slip folds to accommodate for <a href="/wiki/Buckling" title="Buckling">buckling</a>. A good way to visualize how the multiple layers are manipulated, is to bend a deck of cards and to imagine each card as a layer of rock stratum.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amount of slip on each side of the anticline increases from the hinge to the inflection point.<sup id="cite_ref-Hefferan_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hefferan-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Passive-flow folds form when the rock is so soft that it behaves like weak plastic and slowly flows. In this process different parts of the rock body move at different rates causing shear stress to gradually shift from layer to layer. There is no mechanical contrast between layers in this type of fold. Passive-flow folds are extremely dependent on the rock composition of the stratum and can typically occur in areas with high temperatures.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshak_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshak-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_significance">Economic significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Economic significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anticlines, structural domes, fault zones and stratigraphic traps are very favorable locations for <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> drilling. About 80 percent of the world's petroleum has been found in anticlinal traps.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The low density of petroleum causes oil to buoyantly migrate out of its source rock and upward toward the surface until it is trapped and stored in reservoir rock such as sandstone or porous limestone. The oil becomes trapped along with water and natural gas by a caprock that is made up of impermeable barrier such as an impermeable stratum or fault zone.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of low-permeability seals that contain the hydrocarbons, oil and gas, in the ground include <a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">shale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>, and rock salt. The actual type of <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">stratum</a> does not matter as long as it has low permeability. </p><p>Water, minerals and specific rock strata such as <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> found inside anticlines are also extracted and commercialized. Lastly, ancient fossils are often found in anticlines and are used for paleontological research or harvested into products to be sold. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_examples">Notable examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ghawar_Field" title="Ghawar Field">Ghawar</a> Anticline, Saudi Arabia, the <a href="/wiki/Structural_trap" class="mw-redirect" title="Structural trap">structural trap</a> for the largest conventional oil field in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hill End Anticline, New South Wales, which is associated with deposits of gold.</li> <li>Castlemaine Anticlinal Fold, Victoria, which is celebrated with a plaque that says, "This fine exhibit was disclosed when Lyttleton Street East was constructed in 1874. Saddle reefs occur in similar folds of the sandstones and slates on lower geological horizons."<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg/220px-Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg/330px-Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg/440px-Castlemaine_Anticlinal_Fold.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Castlemaine Anticlinal Fold</figcaption></figure></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harpea_kobazuola.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Harpea_kobazuola.jpg/220px-Harpea_kobazuola.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Harpea_kobazuola.jpg/330px-Harpea_kobazuola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Harpea_kobazuola.jpg/440px-Harpea_kobazuola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2661" data-file-height="2341" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Harpea%27s_Cave" title="Harpea's Cave">Harpea's Cave</a> in southern France</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Weald%E2%80%93Artois_Anticline" title="Weald–Artois Anticline">Weald–Artois Anticline</a> is a major anticline which <a href="/wiki/Outcrop" title="Outcrop">outcrops</a> in southeast England and northern France. It was formed from the late <a href="/wiki/Oligocene" title="Oligocene">Oligocene</a> to middle <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Alpine_orogeny" title="Alpine orogeny">Alpine orogeny</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anticlines can have a major effect on the local <a href="/wiki/Geomorphology" title="Geomorphology">geomorphology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economy</a> of the regions in which they occur. One example of this is the El Dorado anticline in Kansas. The anticline was first tapped into for its <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> in 1918. Soon after the site became a very prosperous area for entrepreneurs following World War I and the rapid popularization of <a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor vehicles">motor vehicles</a>. By 1995 the El Dorado oil fields had produced 300 million barrels of oil.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The central Kansas uplift is an antiform composed of several small anticlines that have collectively produced more than 2.5 million barrels of oil.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another notable anticline is the Tierra Amarilla anticline in San Ysidro, New Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Hart_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hart-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is a popular hiking and biking site because of the great biodiversity, geologic beauty and paleontological resources. This plunging anticline is made up of Petrified Forest mudstones and sandstone and its caprock is made of Pleistocene and Holocene travertine. The anticline contains springs that deposit carbon dioxide travertine that help to contribute to the rich diversity of microorganisms.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This area also contains remains of fossils and ancient plants from the Jurassic period that are sometimes exposed through geological erosion. </p><p>The Ventura Anticline is a geologic structure that is part of the <a href="/wiki/Ventura_Oil_Field" title="Ventura Oil Field">Ventura oil fields</a>, the seventh largest oil field in California that was discovered in the 1860s. The anticline runs east to west for 16 miles, dipping steeply 30–60 degrees at both ends. Ventura County has a high rate of compression and seismic activity due to the converging San Andreas Fault. As a result, the Ventura anticline rises at a rate of 5 mm/year with the adjacent Ventura Basin converging at a rate of about 7–10 mm/year.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The anticline is composed of a series of sandstone rock beds and an impermeable rock cap under which vast reserves of oil and gas are trapped. Eight different oil bearing zones along the anticline vary greatly from 3,500 to 12,000 feet. The oil and gas formed these pools as they migrated upward during the Pliocene Era and became contained beneath the caprock. This oil field is still active and has a cumulative production of one billion barrels of oil making it one of the most vital historical and economic features of Ventura County.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tight folds in limestone and chert, Crete, Greece"><img alt="Tight folds in limestone and chert, Crete, Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG/120px-Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG/180px-Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG/240px-Agiospavlos_DM_2004_IMG003_Felsenformation_nahe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tight folds in <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">chert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, Greece</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tight anticline in the Wills Creek Formation, Pennsylvania"><img alt="Tight anticline in the Wills Creek Formation, Pennsylvania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg/95px-Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg/142px-Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg/190px-Wills_Creek_Fm_fold.jpg 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tight anticline in the <a href="/wiki/Wills_Creek_Formation" title="Wills Creek Formation">Wills Creek Formation</a>, Pennsylvania</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedraldemarmol.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Weathered marble anticline at General Carrera Lake, Chile"><img alt="Weathered marble anticline at General Carrera Lake, Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Catedraldemarmol.JPG/120px-Catedraldemarmol.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Catedraldemarmol.JPG/180px-Catedraldemarmol.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Catedraldemarmol.JPG/240px-Catedraldemarmol.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Weathered marble anticline at <a href="/wiki/General_Carrera_Lake" title="General Carrera Lake">General Carrera Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nittany_Valley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nittany Valley in central Pennsylvania is an anticlinorium"><img alt="Nittany Valley in central Pennsylvania is an anticlinorium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nittany_Valley.jpg/120px-Nittany_Valley.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nittany_Valley.jpg/180px-Nittany_Valley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nittany_Valley.jpg/240px-Nittany_Valley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nittany_Valley" title="Nittany Valley">Nittany Valley</a> in central <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> is an anticlinorium</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elk Basin, on the border of Montana and Wyoming, is a breached anticline"><img alt="Elk Basin, on the border of Montana and Wyoming, is a breached anticline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg/120px-Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg/180px-Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg/240px-Elk_Basin_MT_WY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Elk_Basin" title="Elk Basin">Elk Basin</a>, on the border of <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, is a breached anticline</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Tuscarora Formation forms a clear anticline in Wills Mountain at Cumberland Narrows, Maryland"><img alt="The Tuscarora Formation forms a clear anticline in Wills Mountain at Cumberland Narrows, Maryland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg/120px-Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg/180px-Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg/240px-Cumberland_Narrows_air.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Tuscarora_Formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuscarora Formation">Tuscarora Formation</a> forms a clear anticline in <a href="/wiki/Wills_Mountain" title="Wills Mountain">Wills Mountain</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Narrows" title="Cumberland Narrows">Cumberland Narrows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anticline in Wills Creek or Bloomsburg Formation at Roundtop Hill, Maryland"><img alt="Anticline in Wills Creek or Bloomsburg Formation at Roundtop Hill, Maryland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg/120px-Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg/180px-Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg/240px-Roundtop_Hill_outcrop2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1175" data-file-height="773" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anticline in <a href="/wiki/Wills_Creek_Formation" title="Wills Creek Formation">Wills Creek</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bloomsburg_Formation" title="Bloomsburg Formation">Bloomsburg</a> Formation at <a href="/wiki/Roundtop_Hill_(Maryland)" title="Roundtop Hill (Maryland)">Roundtop Hill</a>, Maryland</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Anticline with well-developed axial planar cleavage. Carboniferous sand-shale sequence above Tudes, SE of Potes, Cantabria, Spain"><img alt="Anticline with well-developed axial planar cleavage. Carboniferous sand-shale sequence above Tudes, SE of Potes, Cantabria, Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG/90px-Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG/135px-Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG/180px-Anticline_with_axial_planar_cleavage.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anticline with well-developed axial planar <a href="/wiki/Cleavage_(geology)" title="Cleavage (geology)">cleavage</a>. <a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">Carboniferous</a> sand-shale sequence above Tudes, SE of Potes, Cantabria, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ovens_anticline.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Anticline and quartz "saddle reef" vein at The Ovens, Nova Scotia"><img alt="Anticline and quartz "saddle reef" vein at The Ovens, Nova Scotia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Ovens_anticline.JPG/80px-Ovens_anticline.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Ovens_anticline.JPG/120px-Ovens_anticline.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Ovens_anticline.JPG/160px-Ovens_anticline.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anticline and quartz "saddle reef" vein at <a href="/wiki/The_Ovens,_Nova_Scotia" title="The Ovens, Nova Scotia">The Ovens, Nova Scotia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anticline in Devonian Catskill Formation, I-70, Fulton County, Pennsylvania"><img alt="Anticline in Devonian Catskill Formation, I-70, Fulton County, Pennsylvania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg/120px-Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg/180px-Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg/240px-Anticline_I-70_Fulton_County_PA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="602" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anticline in Devonian <a href="/wiki/Catskill_Formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Catskill Formation">Catskill Formation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_70" title="Interstate 70">I-70</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Fulton County, Pennsylvania">Fulton County, Pennsylvania</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anticline in the Cambrian Conococheague Formation, in the wall of Holcim Quarry, Hagerstown, Maryland"><img alt="Anticline in the Cambrian Conococheague Formation, in the wall of Holcim Quarry, Hagerstown, Maryland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg/120px-Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg/180px-Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg/240px-Anticline_Conococheague_Holcim_Quarry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1234" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anticline in the Cambrian <a href="/wiki/Conococheague_Formation" title="Conococheague Formation">Conococheague Formation</a>, in the wall of Holcim Quarry, Hagerstown, Maryland</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cave_Mountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Cave Mountain Anticline, on the edge of the Smoke Hole Canyon in West Virginia"><img alt="The Cave Mountain Anticline, on the edge of the Smoke Hole Canyon in West Virginia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Cave_Mountain.jpg/120px-Cave_Mountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Cave_Mountain.jpg/180px-Cave_Mountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Cave_Mountain.jpg/240px-Cave_Mountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2301" data-file-height="1529" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Cave Mountain Anticline, on the edge of the <a href="/wiki/Smoke_Hole_Canyon" title="Smoke Hole Canyon">Smoke Hole Canyon</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A portion of the 3,000 sq mi (7,800 km2) San Rafael Swell in Utah"><img alt="A portion of the 3,000 sq mi (7,800 km2) San Rafael Swell in Utah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg/120px-I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg/180px-I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg/240px-I70_at_San_Rafael_swell-Green_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2946" data-file-height="1966" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A portion of the 3,000 sq mi (7,800 km<sup>2</sup>) <a href="/wiki/San_Rafael_Swell" title="San Rafael Swell">San Rafael Swell</a> in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anticlines" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Anticlines">Anticlines</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel_C._White" title="Israel C. White">Israel C. White</a> and his "Anticlinal Theory" for <a href="/wiki/Oil_and_gas_exploration" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil and gas exploration">oil and gas exploration</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncline" title="Syncline">Syncline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homocline" title="Homocline">Homocline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_anticlines" class="mw-redirect" title="River anticlines">River anticlines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dict-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dict_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Dictionary of Geological Terms</i> (3rd ed.). Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday. April 11, 1984. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-18101-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-18101-3"><bdi>978-0-385-18101-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Geological+Terms&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Anchor+Press%2FDoubleday&rft.date=1984-04-11&rft.isbn=978-0-385-18101-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hefferan-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hefferan_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hefferan_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hefferan_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHefferan" class="citation web cs1">Hefferan, Kevin P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151025170922/http://www4.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.html">"Folds"</a>. <i>Geology 320: Structural Geology</i>. University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.html">the original</a> on October 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Geology+320%3A+Structural+Geology&rft.atitle=Folds&rft.aulast=Hefferan&rft.aufirst=Kevin+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.uwsp.edu%2Fgeo%2Ffaculty%2Fhefferan%2Fgeol320%2Ffolds.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMantei" class="citation web cs1">Mantei, Erwin J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://courses.missouristate.edu/EMantei/creative/glg110/GeoStruct.html#page361">"Geologic Structures—Crustal Deformations"</a>. <i>Physical Geology (GLG110)</i>. Missouri State University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Physical+Geology+%28GLG110%29&rft.atitle=Geologic+Structures%E2%80%94Crustal+Deformations&rft.aulast=Mantei&rft.aufirst=Erwin+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcourses.missouristate.edu%2FEMantei%2Fcreative%2Fglg110%2FGeoStruct.html%23page361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshak-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marshak_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshak_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshak_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshak2012" class="citation book cs1">Marshak, Stephen (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UruaRAAACAAJ"><i>Earth: Portrait of a Planet</i></a> (4th ed.). Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393935189" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393935189"><bdi>978-0393935189</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Earth%3A+Portrait+of+a+Planet&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0393935189&rft.aulast=Marshak&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUruaRAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roberts-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1947" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Albert F. (1947). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RE7kAAAAMAAJ"><i>Geological Structures and Maps: A Practical Course in the Interpretation of Geological Maps for Civil and Mining Engineers</i></a>. London: I. Pitman. p. 33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geological+Structures+and+Maps%3A+A+Practical+Course+in+the+Interpretation+of+Geological+Maps+for+Civil+and+Mining+Engineers&rft.place=London&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=I.+Pitman&rft.date=1947&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Albert+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRE7kAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MonroeWicander2005-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MonroeWicander2005_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonroeWicander2005" class="citation book cs1">Monroe, James S.; Wicander, Reed (February 8, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gL7ZOpcQAT0C"><i>The Changing Earth: Exploring Geology and Evolution</i></a> (4th ed.). Brooks Cole. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-495-01020-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-495-01020-3"><bdi>978-0-495-01020-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Changing+Earth%3A+Exploring+Geology+and+Evolution&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Brooks+Cole&rft.date=2005-02-08&rft.isbn=978-0-495-01020-3&rft.aulast=Monroe&rft.aufirst=James+S.&rft.au=Wicander%2C+Reed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgL7ZOpcQAT0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2016)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEarle2015" class="citation book cs1">Earle, Steven (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/12-2-folding/">"Folding"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opentextbc.ca/geology/"><i>Physical Geology</i></a>. BCcampus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781989623718" title="Special:BookSources/9781989623718"><bdi>9781989623718</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Folding&rft.btitle=Physical+Geology&rft.pub=BCcampus&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781989623718&rft.aulast=Earle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopentextbc.ca%2Fgeology%2Fchapter%2F12-2-folding%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiva" class="citation web cs1">Riva, Joseph P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/petroleum/Accumulation-in-reservoir-beds">"Accumulation in reservoir beds"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Accumulation+in+reservoir+beds&rft.aulast=Riva&rft.aufirst=Joseph+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fscience%2Fpetroleum%2FAccumulation-in-reservoir-beds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSociety_of_Petroleum_Engineers_Student_Chapter2014" class="citation web cs1">Society of Petroleum Engineers Student Chapter (November 9, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://petroleum101.com/how-is-petroleum-formed/">"Petroleum 101 – How is Petroleum Formed?"</a>. University of Waterloo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petroleum+101+%E2%80%93+How+is+Petroleum+Formed%3F&rft.pub=University+of+Waterloo&rft.date=2014-11-09&rft.au=Society+of+Petroleum+Engineers+Student+Chapter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpetroleum101.com%2Fhow-is-petroleum-formed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkelton1997" class="citation journal cs1">Skelton, L.H. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70019374">"The Discovery and Development of the El Dorado (Kansas) Oil Field"</a>. <i>Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences</i>. <b>19</b> (1–2): 48–53<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Discovery+and+Development+of+the+El+Dorado+%28Kansas%29+Oil+Field&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=48-53&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Skelton&rft.aufirst=L.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.er.usgs.gov%2Fpublication%2F70019374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaarsWatneySteeplesBrostuen2001" class="citation web cs1">Baars, D.L.; Watney, W. Lynn; Steeples, Don W.; Brostuen, Erling A. (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/Oil/primer05.html">"Petroleum: a primer for Kansas – Structure"</a>. <i>Kansas Geological Survey, Education</i>. p. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kansas+Geological+Survey%2C+Education&rft.atitle=Petroleum%3A+a+primer+for+Kansas+%E2%80%93+Structure&rft.pages=5&rft.date=2001-04&rft.aulast=Baars&rft.aufirst=D.L.&rft.au=Watney%2C+W.+Lynn&rft.au=Steeples%2C+Don+W.&rft.au=Brostuen%2C+Erling+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kgs.ku.edu%2FPublications%2FOil%2Fprimer05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hart-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hart_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2003" class="citation journal cs1">Hart, Dirk Van (February 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/nmg/25/n1/nmg_v25_n1_p15.pdf">"Gallery of Geology – Tierra Amarilla Anticline"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Mexico Geology</i>. <b>25</b> (1): 15. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.58799%2FNMG-v25n1.15">10.58799/NMG-v25n1.15</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:259481120">259481120</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Mexico+Geology&rft.atitle=Gallery+of+Geology+%E2%80%93+Tierra+Amarilla+Anticline&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=15&rft.date=2003-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.58799%2FNMG-v25n1.15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A259481120%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Dirk+Van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeoinfo.nmt.edu%2Fpublications%2Fperiodicals%2Fnmg%2F25%2Fn1%2Fnmg_v25_n1_p15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronCrosseyKarlstromNorthup2009" class="citation journal cs1">Cron, Brandi; <a href="/wiki/Laura_J._Crossey" title="Laura J. Crossey">Crossey, Laura J.</a>; Karlstrom, Karl E.; Northup, Diana E.; Takacs-Vesbach, Cristina (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2009AM/finalprogram/abstract_163454.htm">"Microbial Diversity, Geochemistry and Diel Fluctuations in Travertine Mounds at Tierra Amarilla Anticline, New Mexico"</a>. <i>Abstracts with Programs</i>. <b>41</b> (7). Geological Society of America: 322<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs&rft.atitle=Microbial+Diversity%2C+Geochemistry+and+Diel+Fluctuations+in+Travertine+Mounds+at+Tierra+Amarilla+Anticline%2C+New+Mexico&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=322&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Cron&rft.aufirst=Brandi&rft.au=Crossey%2C+Laura+J.&rft.au=Karlstrom%2C+Karl+E.&rft.au=Northup%2C+Diana+E.&rft.au=Takacs-Vesbach%2C+Cristina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgsa.confex.com%2Fgsa%2F2009AM%2Ffinalprogram%2Fabstract_163454.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Tousa2014" class="citation web cs1">O'Tousa, Jim (August 7, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160202000344/https://www.ventura.org/rma/planning/permits/oil-gas/Exhibit%20E%20-%20Geology%20-%20Jim%20Otousa.pdf">"Overview of the Geology of Ventura County including Seismicity, Oil and Gas Plays and Groundwater Resources"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Oil and Gas Program Informational Workshop</i>. Ventura County Planning Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ventura.org/rma/planning/permits/oil-gas/Exhibit%20E%20-%20Geology%20-%20Jim%20Otousa.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oil+and+Gas+Program+Informational+Workshop&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+Geology+of+Ventura+County+including+Seismicity%2C+Oil+and+Gas+Plays+and+Groundwater+Resources&rft.date=2014-08-07&rft.aulast=O%27Tousa&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ventura.org%2Frma%2Fplanning%2Fpermits%2Foil-gas%2FExhibit%2520E%2520-%2520Geology%2520-%2520Jim%2520Otousa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jackson_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2013" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Glenda (July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170131085052/http://www.cityofventura.net/files/file/comm-service/14-Oil.pdf">"Oil and Ventura"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ventura City Hall. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofventura.net/files/file/comm-service/14-Oil.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 31, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oil+and+Ventura&rft.pub=Ventura+City+Hall&rft.date=2013-07&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Glenda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofventura.net%2Ffiles%2Ffile%2Fcomm-service%2F14-Oil.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anticline&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavisReynolds1996" class="citation book cs1">Davis, George H.; Reynolds, Stephen J. (1996). <i>Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions</i> (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-52621-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-52621-6"><bdi>978-0-471-52621-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Structural+Geology+of+Rocks+and+Regions&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-471-52621-6&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=George+H.&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+Stephen+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonroeWicander2005" class="citation book cs1">Monroe, James S.; Wicander, Reed (2005). <i>The Changing Earth: Exploring Geology and Evolution</i> (4th ed.). Brooks Cole. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-495-01020-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-495-01020-3"><bdi>978-0-495-01020-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Changing+Earth%3A+Exploring+Geology+and+Evolution&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Brooks+Cole&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-495-01020-3&rft.aulast=Monroe&rft.aufirst=James+S.&rft.au=Wicander%2C+Reed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeijermars1997" class="citation book cs1">Weijermars, Ruud (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocw.tudelft.nl/courses/applied-earth-sciences/structural-geology-map-interpretation/readings/"><i>Structural Geology and Map Interpretation</i></a>. Lectures in geoscience. Amsterdam: Alboran Science Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-5674-001-6" title="Special:BookSources/90-5674-001-6"><bdi>90-5674-001-6</bdi></a> – via Delft University of Technology.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Structural+Geology+and+Map+Interpretation&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.series=Lectures+in+geoscience.&rft.pub=Alboran+Science+Publishing&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=90-5674-001-6&rft.aulast=Weijermars&rft.aufirst=Ruud&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Focw.tudelft.nl%2Fcourses%2Fapplied-earth-sciences%2Fstructural-geology-map-interpretation%2Freadings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnticline" class="Z3988"></span> – <small><i>Entire book is freely available in PDF format</i>.</small></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Structural_geology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Structural_geology" title="Template:Structural geology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Structural_geology" title="Template talk:Structural geology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Structural_geology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Structural geology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Structural_geology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Structural_geology" title="Structural geology">Structural geology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Underlying theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deformation_mechanism" title="Deformation mechanism">Deformation mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lam%C3%A9%27s_stress_ellipsoid" title="Lamé's stress ellipsoid">Lamé's stress ellipsoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohr%E2%80%93Coulomb_theory" title="Mohr–Coulomb theory">Mohr–Coulomb theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohr%27s_circle" title="Mohr's circle">Mohr's circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overburden_pressure" title="Overburden pressure">Overburden pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_mechanics" title="Rock mechanics">Rock mechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deformation_(physics)" title="Deformation (physics)">Strain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strain_partitioning" title="Strain partitioning">Strain partitioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)" title="Stress (mechanics)">Stress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_field" title="Stress field">Stress field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tension_(geology)" title="Tension (geology)">Tension</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Measurement conventions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brunton_compass" title="Brunton compass">Brunton compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclinometer" title="Inclinometer">Inclinometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthographic_projection" title="Orthographic projection">Orthographic projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rake_(geology)" title="Rake (geology)">Rake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereographic_projection" title="Stereographic projection">Stereographic projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_and_dip" title="Strike and dip">Strike and dip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Large-scale <a href="/wiki/Tectonics" title="Tectonics">tectonics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accretionary_wedge" title="Accretionary wedge">Accretionary wedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allochthon" title="Allochthon">Allochthon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autochthon_(geology)" title="Autochthon (geology)">Autochthon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-arc_basin" title="Back-arc basin">Back-arc basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_collision" title="Continental collision">Continental collision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convergent_boundary" title="Convergent boundary">Convergent boundary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9collement" title="Décollement">Décollement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divergent_boundary" title="Divergent boundary">Divergent boundary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensional_tectonics" title="Extensional tectonics">Extensional tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_block" title="Fault block">Fault block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Window_(geology)" title="Window (geology)">Fenster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fold_and_thrust_belt" title="Fold and thrust belt">Fold and thrust belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fold_mountains" title="Fold mountains">Fold mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreland_basin" title="Foreland basin">Foreland basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graben" title="Graben">Graben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half-graben" title="Half-graben">Half-graben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_(geology)" title="Horse (geology)">Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_(geology)" title="Horst (geology)">Horst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_and_graben" title="Horst and graben">Horst and graben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intra-arc_basin" title="Intra-arc basin">Intra-arc basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inversion_(geology)" title="Inversion (geology)">Inversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klippe" title="Klippe">Klippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plate_interactions" title="List of tectonic plate interactions">List of tectonic plate interactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lange" title="Mélange">Mélange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_formation" title="Mountain formation">Mountain formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nappe" title="Nappe">Nappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obduction" title="Obduction">Obduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orogeny" title="Orogeny">Orogeny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_margin" title="Passive margin">Passive margin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Plate tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pull-apart_basin" title="Pull-apart basin">Pull-apart basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rift_valley" title="Rift valley">Rift valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rift" title="Rift">Rift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_(landform)" title="Saddle (landform)">Saddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike-slip_tectonics" title="Strike-slip tectonics">Strike-slip tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_basin" title="Structural basin">Structural basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suture_(geology)" title="Suture (geology)">Suture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syneclise" class="mw-redirect" title="Syneclise">Syneclise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrane" title="Terrane">Terrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thick-skinned_deformation" title="Thick-skinned deformation">Thick-skinned deformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thin-skinned_deformation" title="Thin-skinned deformation">Thin-skinned deformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrust_tectonics" title="Thrust tectonics">Thrust tectonics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fracture_(geology)" title="Fracture (geology)">Fracturing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columnar_jointing" title="Columnar jointing">Columnar jointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(geology)" title="Dike (geology)">Dike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exfoliation_joint" title="Exfoliation joint">Exfoliation joint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fissure" title="Fissure">Fissure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_(geology)" title="Joint (geology)">Joint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vein_(geology)" title="Vein (geology)">Vein</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)" title="Fault (geology)">Faulting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asperity_(faults)" title="Asperity (faults)">Asperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataclasite" title="Cataclasite">Cataclasite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataclastic_rock" title="Cataclastic rock">Cataclastic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detachment_fault" title="Detachment fault">Detachment fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disturbance_(geology)" title="Disturbance (geology)">Disturbance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_friction" title="Fault friction">Fault friction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_mechanics" title="Fault mechanics">Fault mechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_scarp" title="Fault scarp">Fault scarp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_trace" title="Fault trace">Fault trace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrust_fault" title="Thrust fault">Thrust fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_zone" title="Transfer zone">Transfer zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transform_fault" title="Transform fault">Transform fault</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foliation_(geology)" title="Foliation (geology)">Foliation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lineation_(geology)" title="Lineation (geology)">lineation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleavage_(geology)" title="Cleavage (geology)">Cleavage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaction_(geology)" title="Compaction (geology)">Compaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crenulation" title="Crenulation">Crenulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fissility_(geology)" title="Fissility (geology)">Fissility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblique_foliation" title="Oblique foliation">Oblique foliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_solution" title="Pressure solution">Pressure solution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_microstructure" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock microstructure">Rock microstructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slickenside" title="Slickenside">Slickenside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stylolite" title="Stylolite">Stylolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonic_phase" title="Tectonic phase">Tectonic phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonite" title="Tectonite">Tectonite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fold_(geology)" title="Fold (geology)">Folding</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anticline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_(geology)" title="Chevron (geology)">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detachment_fold" title="Detachment fold">Detachment fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_(geology)" title="Dome (geology)">Dome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homocline" title="Homocline">Homocline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocline" title="Monocline">Monocline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncline" title="Syncline">Syncline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergence_(geology)" title="Vergence (geology)">Vergence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boudinage" title="Boudinage">Boudinage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Competence_(geology)" title="Competence (geology)">Competence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Structural_geology#Kinematics" title="Structural geology">Kinematic analysis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_fold_evolution" title="3D fold evolution">3D fold evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleostress_inversion" title="Paleostress inversion">Paleostress inversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleostress" title="Paleostress">Paleostress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_restoration" title="Section restoration">Section restoration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shear_zone" title="Shear zone">Shear zone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mylonite" title="Mylonite">Mylonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_shear" title="Pure shear">Pure shear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shear_(geology)" title="Shear (geology)">Shear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Structural_geology" title="Category:Structural geology">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190147#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190147#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190147#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4142676-9">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=42878">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anticline&oldid=1234890751">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anticline&oldid=1234890751</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Structural_geology" title="Category:Structural geology">Structural geology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_January_2016" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2016">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_January_2016" title="Category:Use mdy dates from January 2016">Use mdy dates from January 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 July 2024, at 17:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anticline&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-26w6f","wgBackendResponseTime":153,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.447","walltime":"0.565","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1796,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":61224,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1794,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":90905,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 470.129 1 -total"," 36.43% 171.250 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.96% 84.443 8 Template:Cite_book"," 16.11% 75.716 1 Template:Structural_geology"," 15.75% 74.025 1 Template:Navbox"," 13.14% 61.783 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.21% 38.580 2 Template:Pagetype"," 8.14% 38.260 1 Template:Commons_category"," 7.80% 36.661 1 Template:Sister_project"," 7.50% 35.237 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.261","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8693157,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-bxzm6","timestamp":"20241122142008","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Anticline","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anticline","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q190147","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q190147","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-12-30T23:45:55Z","dateModified":"2024-07-16T17:30:10Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1e\/Anticline_%28PSF%29-vector.svg","headline":"in geology, an anticline is a type of fold that is an arch-like shape"}</script> </body> </html>