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Peeters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ciaran%20T.%20Lennon"> Ciaran T. Lennon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmytro%20Besprozvannyy"> Dmytro Besprozvannyy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harm%20C.%20M.%20Knoops"> Harm C. M. Knoops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20H.%20Hadfield"> Robert H. Hadfield</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) have become leading devices in quantum optics and photonics, known for their exceptional efficiency in detecting single photons from ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths with minimal dark counts, low noise, and reduced timing jitter. Recent advancements in materials science focus attention on refractory metal thin films such as NbN and NbTiN to enhance the optical properties and superconducting performance of SNSPDs, opening the way for next-generation detectors. These films have been deposited by several different techniques, such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), plasma pro-advanced plasma processing (ASP) and magnetron sputtering. The fabrication flexibility of these films enables precise control over morphology, crystallinity, stoichiometry and optical properties, which is crucial for optimising the SNSPD performance. Hence, it is imperative to study the optical and superconducting properties of these materials across a wide range of wavelengths. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the optical and superconducting properties of some important materials in this category (NbN, NbTiN) by different deposition methods. Using Variable angle ellipsometry spectroscopy (VASE), we measured the refractive index, extinction, and absorption coefficient across a wide wavelength range (200-1700 nm) to enhance light confinement for optical communication devices. The critical temperature and sheet resistance were measured using a four-probe method in a custom-built, cryogen-free cooling system with a Sumitomo RDK-101D cold head and CNA-11C compressor. Our results indicate that ALD-deposited NbN shows a higher refractive index and extinction coefficient in the near-infrared region (~1500 nm) than sputtered NbN of the same thickness. Further, the analysis of the optical properties of plasma pro-ASP deposited NbTiN was performed at different substrate bias voltages and different thicknesses. The analysis of substrate bias voltage indicates that the maximum value of the refractive index and extinction coefficient observed for the substrate biasing of 50-80 V across a substrate bias range of (0 V - 150 V). The optical properties of sputtered NbN films are also investigated in terms of the different substrate temperatures during deposition (100 °C-500 °C). We find the higher the substrate temperature during deposition, the higher the value of the refractive index and extinction coefficient has been observed. In all our superconducting thin films ALD-deposited NbN films possess the highest critical temperature (~12 K) compared to sputtered (~8 K) and plasma pro-ASP (~5 K). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20communication" title="optical communication">optical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title=" superconductivity"> superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20layer%20deposition%20%28ALD%29" title=" atomic layer deposition (ALD)"> atomic layer deposition (ALD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niobium%20nitride%20%28NbN%29" title=" niobium nitride (NbN)"> niobium nitride (NbN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niobium%20titanium%20nitride%20%28NbTiN%29" title=" niobium titanium nitride (NbTiN)"> niobium titanium nitride (NbTiN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNSPD" title=" SNSPD"> SNSPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20detector" title=" superconducting detector"> superconducting detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon-counting." title=" photon-counting."> photon-counting.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190213/analysis-of-superconducting-and-optical-properties-in-atomic-layer-deposition-and-sputtered-thin-films-for-next-generation-single-photon-detectors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Router 1X3 - RTL Design and Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Gopal">Nidhi Gopal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Routing is the process of moving a packet of data from source to destination and enables messages to pass from one computer to another and eventually reach the target machine. A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. It is connected to two or more data lines from different networks (as opposed to a network switch, which connects data lines from one single network). This paper mainly emphasizes upon the study of router device, its top level architecture, and how various sub-modules of router i.e. Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are synthesized, and simulated and finally connected to its top module. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20packets" title="data packets">data packets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=networking" title=" networking"> networking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=router" title=" router"> router</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39921/router-1x3-rtl-design-and-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">823</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Linear Stability of Convection in an Inclined Channel with Nanofluid Saturated Porous Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Srinivasacharya">D. Srinivasacharya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Humnekar"> Nidhi Humnekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this research is to numerically investigate the convection of nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel. Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are accounted for by nanofluid. In addition, the flow in the porous region governs Brinkman’s equation. The perturbed state of the generalized eigenvalue problem is obtained using normal mode analysis, and Chebyshev spectral collocation was used to solve this problem. For various values of the governing parameters, the critical wavenumber and critical Rayleigh number are calculated, and preferred modes are identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brinkman%20model" title="Brinkman model">Brinkman model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclined%20channel" title=" inclined channel"> inclined channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20stability" title=" linear stability"> linear stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20media" title=" porous media"> porous media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150753/linear-stability-of-convection-in-an-inclined-channel-with-nanofluid-saturated-porous-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Biohydrogen and Potential Vinegar Production from Agricultural Wastes Using Thermotoga neopolitana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Nalin">Nidhi Nalin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is theoretical modelling of the fermentation process of glucose in agricultural wastes like discarded peaches to produce hydrogen, acetic acid, and carbon dioxide using Thermotoga neopolitana bacteria. The hydrogen gas produced in this process can be used in hydrogen fuel cells to generate power, and the fermented broth with acetic acid and salts could be utilized as salty vinegar if enough acetic acid is produced. The theoretical modelling was done using SuperPro software, and the results indicated how much sugar (discarded peaches) is required to produce both hydrogen and vinegar for the process to be profitable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title="fermentation">fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermotoga" title=" thermotoga"> thermotoga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vinegar" title=" vinegar"> vinegar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title=" biofuel"> biofuel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132463/biohydrogen-and-potential-vinegar-production-from-agricultural-wastes-using-thermotoga-neopolitana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Different Roles for Mentors and Mentees in an e-Learning Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Gadura">Nidhi Gadura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Given the increase in the number of students and administrators asking for online courses the author developed two partially online courses. One was a biology majors at genetics course while the other was a non-majors at biology course. The student body at Queensborough Community College is generally underprepared and has work and family obligations. As an educator, one has to be mindful about changing the pedagogical approach, therefore, special care was taken when designing the course material. Despite the initial concerns, both of these partially online courses were received really well by students. Lessons learnt were that student engagement is the key to success in an online course. Good practices to run a successful online course for underprepared students are discussed in this paper. Also discussed are the lessons learnt for making the eLearning environment better for all the students in the class, overachievers and underachievers alike. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partially%20online%20course" title="partially online course">partially online course</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogy" title=" pedagogy"> pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20engagement" title=" student engagement"> student engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20college" title=" community college"> community college</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48193/different-roles-for-mentors-and-mentees-in-an-e-learning-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Performance Analysis of Transformerless DC-DC Boost Converter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Vijay">Nidhi Vijay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Sharma"> A. K. Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many industrial applications require power from dc source. DC-DC boost converters are now being used all over the world for rapid transit system. Although these provide high efficiency, smooth control, fast response and regeneration, conventional DC-DC boost converters are unable to provide high step up voltage gain due to effect of power switches, rectifier diodes and equivalent series resistance of inductor and capacitor. This paper proposes new transformerless dc-dc converters to achieve high step up voltage gain as compared to the conventional converter without an extremely high duty ratio. Only one power stage is used in this converter. Steady-state analysis of voltage gain is discussed in brief. Finally, a comparative analysis is given in order to verify the results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC-DC%20boost%20converter" title=" DC-DC boost converter"> DC-DC boost converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20gain" title=" voltage gain"> voltage gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20stress" title=" voltage stress"> voltage stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12636/performance-analysis-of-transformerless-dc-dc-boost-converter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> A Distinct Approach Towards Relativity and Time Dilation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vipin%20Choudhary">Vipin Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Time Dilation is the difference in the amount of time two clocks measure in the same inertial frame. Many studies have explored the relativity of time dilation using various approaches. However, the scientific and mathematical explanation of time dilation of moving things and light pulse clocks still has limited research. Therefore, this article examines relativity by utilizing scientific and mathematical approaches; the experience of moving things and light pulse clock ticks have been examined. The study revealed that the time elapsed for the same process is different for the different observers. Here, it showed that the time can be expressed in the form of a wave. In addition, the relative distance changes between the observers, and the observing subject time flows differently for the observer relative to the observing subject. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Einstein%27s%20special%20theory%20of%20relativity" title="Einstein's special theory of relativity">Einstein's special theory of relativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reference%20frame" title=" reference frame"> reference frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20dilation" title=" time dilation"> time dilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=length%20contraction" title=" length contraction"> length contraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorentz%20transformation." title=" Lorentz transformation."> Lorentz transformation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187451/a-distinct-approach-towards-relativity-and-time-dilation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Comprehensive Interpretation of Leadership from the Narratives in Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Kaushal">Nidhi Kaushal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjit%20Mishra"> Sanjit Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Narrative writings in literature are ample source of knowledge and easily understandable. In every old tradition, we found that people learn ethics from oral tales. They had their leaders and lessons of leadership in their stories. In India, we have sufficient amount of stories of leaders. Whether the story is of an ordinary person or a corporate leader of large firm, it always has a unique message of motivation. The objective of this paper is to elaborate the story lines in literature and get the leadership lessons from them, so that we can set up a new concept of leadership based on scholarship of literature. This is our hypothesis that leadership lessons can be learned from the study of literary writings and it can also act an innovative way of learning the management skills through literature. The role of the leader can be familiarly communicated in the form of the tales. Describing a positive psychological narrative from the text is the best way to manifesting an idea into the minds of people. We accomplished this paper that leadership as an attribute can be learned from the folk psychological literary writings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title="leadership">leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychology" title=" psychology"> psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71100/comprehensive-interpretation-of-leadership-from-the-narratives-in-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Assessment of High Frequency Solidly Mounted Resonator as Viscosity Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinita%20Choudhary">Vinita Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solidly Acoustic Resonators (SMR) based on ZnO piezoelectric material operating at a frequency of 3.96 GHz and 6.49% coupling factor are used to characterize liquids with different viscosities. This behavior of the sensor is analyzed using Finite Element Modeling. Device architectures encapsulate bulk acoustic wave resonators with MO/SiO₂ Bragg mirror reflector and the silicon substrate. The proposed SMR is based on the mass loading effect response of the sensor to the change in the resonant frequency of the resonator that is caused by the increased density due to the absorption of liquids (water, acetone, olive oil) used in theoretical calculation. The sensitivity of sensors ranges from 0.238 MHz/mPa.s to 83.33 MHz/mPa.s, supported by the Kanazawa model. Obtained results are also compared with previous works on BAW viscosity sensors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidly%20mounted%20resonator" title="solidly mounted resonator">solidly mounted resonator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bragg%20mirror" title=" bragg mirror"> bragg mirror</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kanazawa%20model" title=" kanazawa model"> kanazawa model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20model" title=" finite element model"> finite element model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164284/assessment-of-high-frequency-solidly-mounted-resonator-as-viscosity-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Influence of Bragg Reflectors Pairs on Resonance Characteristics of Solidly Mounted Resonators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinita%20Choudhary">Vinita Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solidly mounted resonator (SMR) is a bulk acoustic wave-based device consisting of a piezoelectric layer sandwiched between two electrodes upon Bragg reflectors, which then are attached to a substrate. To transform the effective acoustic impedance of the substrate to a near zero value, the Bragg reflectors are composed of alternating high and low acoustic impedance layers of quarter-wavelength thickness. In this work presents the design and investigation of acoustic Bragg reflectors (ABRs) for solidly mounted bulk acoustic wave resonators through analysis and simulation. This performance of the resonator is analyzed using 1D Mason modeling. The performance parameters are the effect of Bragg pairs number on transmissivity, reflectivity, insertion loss, the electromechanical and quality factor of the 5GHz operating resonator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bragg%20reflectors" title="bragg reflectors">bragg reflectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMR" title=" SMR"> SMR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insertion%20loss" title=" insertion loss"> insertion loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20factor" title=" quality factor"> quality factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164288/influence-of-bragg-reflectors-pairs-on-resonance-characteristics-of-solidly-mounted-resonators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Smart Contracts in Marriage: Enhancing Trust, Security, and Automation in Marriage Agreements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Sai%20Tejas">L. Sai Tejas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hrishikesh%20D.%20M."> Hrishikesh D. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihal%20Shetty"> Nihal Shetty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pannaga%20H.%20S."> Pannaga H. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20S.%20Achyutha%20Kumar"> G. S. Achyutha Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surbhi%20Choudhary"> Surbhi Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of a smart contract in marriage introduces a groundbreaking approach to managing marriage agreements by leveraging blockchain technology. This project explores the integration of smart contracts on blockchain platforms, such as Ethereum, to create legally binding and transparent digital marriage agreements. By utilizing Solidity programming, the project develops a decentralized application (DApp) that automates key aspects of marital agreements, such as mutual consent, asset division, and predefined conditions for contract modifications or termination. The system ensures immutability, security, and transparency, reducing the need for intermediaries and minimizing disputes. Furthermore, the inclusion of privacy-preserving mechanisms ensures sensitive data remains confidential, fostering trust among users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20contract" title=" smart contract"> smart contract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethereum" title=" ethereum"> ethereum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidity" title=" solidity"> solidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20applications" title=" decentralized applications"> decentralized applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198829/smart-contracts-in-marriage-enhancing-trust-security-and-automation-in-marriage-agreements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Road Safety in the Great Britain: An Exploratory Data Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatin%20Kumar%20Choudhary">Jatin Kumar Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naren%20Rayala"> Naren Rayala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Eslami%20Kiasari"> Abbas Eslami Kiasari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Jafari"> Fahimeh Jafari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Great Britain has one of the safest road networks in the world. However, the consequences of any death or serious injury are devastating for loved ones, as well as for those who help the severely injured. This paper aims to analyse the Great Britain's road safety situation and show the response measures for areas where the total damage caused by accidents can be significantly and quickly reduced. In this paper, we do an exploratory data analysis using STATS19 data. For the past 30 years, the UK has had a good record in reducing fatalities. The UK ranked third based on the number of road deaths per million inhabitants. There were around 165,000 accidents reported in the Great Britain in 2009 and it has been decreasing every year until 2019 which is under 120,000. The government continues to scale back road deaths empowering responsible road users by identifying and prosecuting the parameters that make the roads less safe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title="road safety">road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20analysis" title=" data analysis"> data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=openstreetmap" title=" openstreetmap"> openstreetmap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20expanding." title=" feature expanding."> feature expanding.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148440/road-safety-in-the-great-britain-an-exploratory-data-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Coloured Petri Nets Model for Web Architectures of Web and Database Servers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Gaur">Nidhi Gaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmaja%20Joshi"> Padmaja Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijay%20Jain"> Vijay Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev%20Srivastava"> Rajeev Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Web application architecture is important to achieve the desired performance for the application. Performance analysis studies are conducted to evaluate existing or planned systems. Web applications are used by hundreds of thousands of users simultaneously, which sometimes increases the risk of server failure in real time operations. We use Coloured Petri Net (CPN), a very powerful tool for modelling dynamic behaviour of a web application system. CPNs extend the vocabulary of ordinary Petri nets and add features that make them suitable for modelling large systems. The major focus of this work is on server side of web applications. The presented work focuses on modelling restructuring aspects, with major focus on concurrency and architecture, using CPN. It also focuses on bringing out the appropriate architecture for web and database servers given the number of concurrent users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coloured%20Petri%20Nets%20%28CPNs%29" title="coloured Petri Nets (CPNs)">coloured Petri Nets (CPNs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concurrent%20%20users" title=" concurrent users"> concurrent users</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=per-%20formance%20modelling" title=" per- formance modelling"> per- formance modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20application%20architecture" title=" web application architecture"> web application architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22948/coloured-petri-nets-model-for-web-architectures-of-web-and-database-servers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Antimicrobial Properties of Copper in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Travis%20J.%20Meyer">Travis J. Meyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasodra%20Ramlall"> Jasodra Ramlall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phyo%20Thu"> Phyo Thu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Gadura"> Nidhi Gadura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For centuries humans have used the antimicrobial properties of copper to their advantage. Yet, after all these years the underlying mechanisms of copper mediated cell death in various microbes remain unclear. We had explored the hypothesis that copper mediated increased levels of lipid peroxidation in the membrane fatty acids is responsible for increased killing inEscherichia coli. In this study we show that in both gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria there is a strong correlation between copper mediated cell death and increased levels of lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, the non-spore forming gram positive bacteria as well as gram negative bacteria show similar patterns of cell death, increased levels of lipid peroxidation, as well as genomic DNA degradation, however there is some difference inloss in membrane integrity upon exposure to copper alloy surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title="antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title=" copper"> copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram%20positive" title=" gram positive"> gram positive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram%20negative" title=" gram negative"> gram negative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21902/antimicrobial-properties-of-copper-in-gram-negative-and-gram-positive-bacteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> A Study on Pre and Post Competitive State Anxiety among the Athletes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Choudhary">Vinay Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibakordor%20Patlong"> Ibakordor Patlong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates and evaluates pre and post competitive anxiety, self-confidence, and performance of the athletes. The Cognitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 was administered to collect data from 73 athletes, both men, and women, before and after the competition, who participated in the Reliance Foundation Youth Sports (RFYS)-Athletics, held at Gachibowli Stadium, Hyderabad. A paired t-test was used to find the significant difference between the pre and post-competition. Results showed that the levels of cognitive state anxiety before the competition was low as compared after the competition and the levels of somatic state anxiety before the competition was high as compared after the competition whereas the levels of self-confidence before the competition was high as compared after the competition. This study concludes that the levels of cognitive state anxiety increases after the competition as athletes could not perform according to the performance expectations, on the contrary, the levels of somatic anxiety decrease as there was no pressure of performance on the athletes after the competition and the levels of self-confidence decreases after the competition as athletes could not reach their desired performance levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title="anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=athletes" title=" athletes"> athletes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre%20and%20post" title=" pre and post"> pre and post</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSAI-2" title=" CSAI-2"> CSAI-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-confidence" title=" self-confidence"> self-confidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128758/a-study-on-pre-and-post-competitive-state-anxiety-among-the-athletes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> A Flipped Classroom Approach for Non Science Majors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Gadura">Nidhi Gadura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To ensure student success in a non majors biology course, a flipped classroom pedagogical approach is developed and implemented. All students are assigned online lectures to listen to before they come to class. A three hour lecture is split into one hour of online component, one hour of in class lecture and one hour of worksheets done by students in the classroom. This deviation from a traditional 3 hour in class lecture has resulted in increased student interest in science as well as better understanding of difficult scientific concepts. A pre and post survey was given to measure the interest rates and grades were used to measure the success rates. While the overall grade average did not change dramatically, students reported a better appreciation of biology. Also, students overwhelmingly like the use of worksheets in class to help them understand the concepts. They liked the fact that they could listen to lectures at their own pace on line and even repeat if needed. The flipped classroom approach turned out to work really well our non science majors and the author is ready to implement this in other classrooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flipped%20classroom" title="flipped classroom">flipped classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20science%20majors" title=" non science majors"> non science majors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogy" title=" pedagogy"> pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20pedagogical%20model" title=" technological pedagogical model"> technological pedagogical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24174/a-flipped-classroom-approach-for-non-science-majors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Work-Home Interference and Emotional Exhaustion: The Role of Psychological Detachment, Relaxation and Technology-Assisted Supplemental Work</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20S.%20Bisht">Nidhi S. Bisht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examines the role of work-home interference, on enhancing emotional exhaustion in the branch officers of private MFIs in India. Additionally, the moderating role of recovery experiences and technology-assisted supplemental work (TASW) were studied. With the increasing expectations to perform job related tasks at home, technology-assisted supplemental work (TASW) was hypothesized to positively moderate the relationship between work-home interference and emotional exhaustion. Further, it was expected that recovery experiences-psychological detachment, relaxation will help to recover and unwind from work and negatively moderate the relationship between work-home interference and emotional exhaustion. Results of SEM-analyses largely offered support for the hypotheses. These findings increase our insight in the processes leading to increased emotional exhaustion and suggest that employees can protect themselves from emotional exhaustion by keeping a tab on technology-assisted supplemental work and facilitating recovery experiences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20exhaustion" title="emotional exhaustion">emotional exhaustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfinance%20institutions%20%28MFIs%29" title=" microfinance institutions (MFIs)"> microfinance institutions (MFIs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-home%20interference" title=" work-home interference"> work-home interference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55443/work-home-interference-and-emotional-exhaustion-the-role-of-psychological-detachment-relaxation-and-technology-assisted-supplemental-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Vfx-Creativity or Cost Cutting Study of the Use of Vfx in Hindi Cinema</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Patel">Nidhi Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amol%20Shinde"> Amol Shinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrin%20Moger"> Amrin Moger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mainstream Hindi cinema also known as Bollywood, is the largest film producing industry in India. The Indian film industry underwent a sea change since last few years. The industry adapted to the latest technologies and creative manpower to improve visual and cinematic effects. The changes helped the industry to improve its creative looks and ease on production budget. The research focuses on this very change, i.e. the use of VFX. There has been growing use of VFX in feature films. The primary focus is on how VFX can make a difference in the experience of watching a movie. The research examines the use of CGI/VFX in the narrative, which delivers a visually fulfilling film. It also focuses on the use of CGI/ VFX as a cost cutting tool. The research was exploratory in nature. It studies the industry’s evolvement, increment in its use by filmmakers and their intention to use it in their films. The researcher used qualitative method for data collection as an in-depth interview of 10 artists from VFX studios in Mumbai was conducted. The finding reveals the way VFX is used in Hindi cinema by the directors. The researcher learnt that VFX is majorly used as a tool to enhance creativity and provide the audience with creative viewing experience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bollywood" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hindi%20cinema" title=" Hindi cinema"> Hindi cinema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VFX" title=" VFX"> VFX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CGI" title=" CGI"> CGI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20cutting" title=" cost cutting"> cost cutting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40206/vfx-creativity-or-cost-cutting-study-of-the-use-of-vfx-in-hindi-cinema" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40206.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Facile Synthesis of Novel Substituted Aryl-Thiazole (SAT) Analogs via One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction as Potent Cytotoxic Agents against Cancer Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Mirza">Salma Mirza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Asma%20Naqvi"> Syeda Asma Naqvi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Mohammed%20Khan"> Khalid Mohammed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Iqbal%20Choudhary"> M. Iqbal Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study twenty-five (25) newly synthesized compounds substituted aryl thiazoles (SAT) 1-25 were synthesized, and in vitro cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated against four cancer cell lines namely, MCF-7 (ER+ve breast), MDA-MB-231 (ER-ve breast), HCT116 (colorectal), and, HeLa (cervical) and compared with the standard anticancer drug doxorubicin with IC50 value of 1.56 ± 0.05 μM. Among them, compounds 1, 4-8 and 19 were found to be active against all four cell lines. Compound 20 was found to be selectively active against MCF7 cells with IC50 value of 40.21 ± 4.15 µM, whereas compound 19 was active against only MCF7 and HeLa cells with IC50 values of 46.72 ± 1.8 and 19.86 ± 0.11 μM, respectively. These results suggest that aryl thiazoles 1 and 4 deserve to be investigated further in vivo as anti-cancer agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20agents" title="anticancer agents">anticancer agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer%20cell%20lines%20%28MCF7" title=" breast cancer cell lines (MCF7"> breast cancer cell lines (MCF7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDA-MB-231%29" title=" MDA-MB-231)"> MDA-MB-231)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer%20cell%20line%20%28HCT-116%29" title=" colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116)"> colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer%20cell%20line%20%28HeLa%29" title=" cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)"> cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiazole%20derivatives" title=" Thiazole derivatives"> Thiazole derivatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53064/facile-synthesis-of-novel-substituted-aryl-thiazole-sat-analogs-via-one-pot-multicomponent-reaction-as-potent-cytotoxic-agents-against-cancer-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Disagreement in Spousal Report of Current Contraceptive Use in India and Its Determinants </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipti%20Govil">Dipti Govil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Khosla"> Nidhi Khosla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Couple-level reports of contraception are important as wives and husbands may give different reports about contraceptive use. Using matched couple-data (N=62910), from India's NFHS–IV (2015-16), this paper examines concordance in spousal reports of current contraceptive use and its differentials. Reporting of contraceptive use was higher among wives (59%) than husbands (25%). Concordance was low; 16.5% of couples reported the use of the same method, while 21% reported the use of any method. There existed a huge denial from husbands on the use of female sterilization. Reconstruction of contraceptive use among men increased concordance by 10%. Multivariate analysis shows that concordance was low in urban and Southern India, among younger women and women with lower wealth-index. Men's control over household decision-making and negative attitudes towards contraception were associated with a lower concordance. Findings highlight the importance of using couple-level data to estimate contraceptive prevalence, the role of education programs to inculcate positive attitudes towards contraception, fostering gender equality, and involving men into family planning efforts. The results also raise the issue of data quality as the questions were asked differently from men and women, which might have contributed to wide discordance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concordance" title="concordance">concordance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraceptive%20use" title=" contraceptive use"> contraceptive use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=couple" title=" couple"> couple</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20sterilisation" title=" female sterilisation"> female sterilisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105854/disagreement-in-spousal-report-of-current-contraceptive-use-in-india-and-its-determinants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Design of Control Systems for Grid Interconnection and Power Control of a Grid Tie Inverter for Micro-Grid Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Choudhary">Deepak Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> COEP-Microgrid, a project by the students of College of Engineering Pune aims at establishing a micro grid in the college campus serving as a living laboratory for research and development of novel grid technologies. Proposed micro grid has an AC-bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line DC-AC converter. In grid-connected mode AC bus of microgrid is synchronized with utility grid. Synchronization with utility grid requires grid and AC bus to have synchronism in frequency, phase sequence and voltage. Power flow requires phase difference between grid and AC bus. Control System is required to effectively regulate power flow between the grid and AC bus. The grid synchronizing control system is composed of frequency and phase control for regulated power flow and voltage control system for reduction of reactive power flow. The control system involves automatic active power flow control. It takes the feedback of DC link Capacitor and changes the power angle accordingly. Control system incorporating voltage, phase and power control was developed for grid-tie inverter. This paper discusses the design, simulation and practical implementation of control system described in various micro grid scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title="microgrid">microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grid-tie%20inverter" title=" Grid-tie inverter"> Grid-tie inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20control" title=" voltage control"> voltage control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20power%20control" title=" automatic power control"> automatic power control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20998/design-of-control-systems-for-grid-interconnection-and-power-control-of-a-grid-tie-inverter-for-micro-grid-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">670</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Identification and Characterization of 18S rRNA Gene of Demodex Canis From the Dog Population of Mizoram, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moneesh%20Thakur">Moneesh Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hridayesh%20Prasad"> Hridayesh Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikitasha%20Bora"> Nikitasha Bora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parimal%20Roy%20Choudhary"> Parimal Roy Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Samanta"> A. K. Samanta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjeev%20Kumar"> Sanjeev Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Canine demodicosis is a common parasitic condition which involves dog skin. Demodicosis in dogs is due the prominent growth of Demodex. Out of various canine Demodex spp., Demodex canis is the most often involved species. Canine demodicosis can occur as either a localized or generalized form of demodicosis severely affect the dogs and in non-treated dogs may cause death. This study was planned with the aim to screen and characterize the 18S rRNA gene of isolated Demodex canis. A total of 1200 dogs were screened during this study period. The skin scrapings of all the suspected dogs were examined under a microscope at 100X magnification for the presence of Demodex canis. The skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis were examined using PCR for confirmation. A total of 35 dogs were confirmed a positive result for D. canis based on 18S rRNA gene amplification by PCR. Further, the 18S rRNA gene of isolated Demodex canis was cloned and sequenced for genome analysis. On the sequence analysis, it was found that isolated sequence (GenBank Accession No. MK177513) had close similarity (99.7%) to that of D. canis genotype of China (Accession No. MG372254). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR" title="PCR">PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20analysis" title=" phylogenetic analysis"> phylogenetic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloning%20and%20sequening" title=" cloning and sequening"> cloning and sequening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demodex%20canis" title=" Demodex canis"> Demodex canis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172036/identification-and-characterization-of-18s-rrna-gene-of-demodex-canis-from-the-dog-population-of-mizoram-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Privatization of Pakistan Gas Sector: Role of Regulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lala%20Rukh">Lala Rukh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Abbas%20Choudhary"> Muhammad Abbas Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saddam%20Akber%20Abbasi"> Saddam Akber Abbasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Pakistan, the privatization of major sector of the national economy i.e. power, telecom, and gas is very strongly advocated since 80s. With varying degree of progress made in these sectors, it has been the government’s approach that the privatization accelerates the sectorial growth, increases operational efficiency and attracts the foreign investment and is of special significance for developing economies. The gas sector was not an exception and the privatization in this sector has moved through various stages during this time within the realms of socio-political agenda. This paper presents the overview of the gas sector in the country. The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) Ordinance and privatization commission policy position as depicted in the press briefings provides philosophical foundations to the privatization and sectorial restructuring in this paper. The role of the major players from privatization perspective is discussed with special reference to the importance of natural gas sector. The case study further discusses the economic regulations that are being adopted by utility regulators in Pakistan and elsewhere in the world and some issues that the Regulatory Authority will be concerned are outlined. Major operators in the gas sector including Oil & Gas Development Corporation (OGDC), Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL), Sui Southern Gas Pipelines Limited (SSGPL) is also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privatization" title="privatization">privatization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20regulation" title=" economic regulation"> economic regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OGDCL" title=" OGDCL"> OGDCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSGCL" title=" SSGCL"> SSGCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNGPL" title=" SNGPL"> SNGPL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15233/privatization-of-pakistan-gas-sector-role-of-regulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Parametric Analysis of Syn-gas Fueled SOFC with Internal Reforming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Tushar%20Choudhary">Sanjay Tushar Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the thermodynamic analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). In the present work the SOFC has been modeled to work with internal reforming of fuel which takes place at high temperature and direct energy conversion from chemical energy to electrical energy takes place. The fuel-cell effluent is a high-temperature steam which can be used for co-generation purposes. Syn-gas has been used here as fuel which is essentially produced by steam reforming of methane in the internal reformer of the SOFC. A thermodynamic model of SOFC has been developed for planar cell configuration to evaluate various losses in the energy conversion process within the fuel cell. Cycle parameters like fuel utilization ratio and the air-recirculation ratio have been varied to evaluate the thermodynamic performance of the fuel cell. Output performance parameters like terminal voltage, cell-efficiency and power output have been evaluated for various values of current densities. It has been observed that a combination of a lower value of air-circulation ratio and higher values of fuel utilization efficiency gives a better overall thermodynamic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20density" title="current density">current density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOFC" title=" SOFC"> SOFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suel%20utilization%20factor" title=" suel utilization factor"> suel utilization factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recirculation%20ratio" title=" recirculation ratio"> recirculation ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16028/parametric-analysis-of-syn-gas-fueled-sofc-with-internal-reforming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Impact of Health Indicators on Economic Growth: Application of Ardl Model on Pakistan’s Data Set</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheraz%20Ahmad%20Choudhary">Sheraz Ahmad Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Health plays a vital role in the growth. The study examined the effect of health indicator on the growth of Pakistan. ARDL model is used to check the growth rate which is affected by the health by using the time series date of Pakistan from 1990 to 2017. Health indicator, fertility rate, life expectancy, foreign direct investment, and infant mortality rate are variables Where the unit root is applied to check the stationarity of the model. consequences find a significant relationship between GDP, foreign direct investment, fertility rate, and life expectancy in the short run, whereas mortality rate effected negatively to economic growth but have significant values. In the long run, foreign direct investment (FDI) and fertility rate(FR) have significantly influenced the GDP. The results show thateconomic growth is positively stimulated by most of the health indicators. The study accomplishes that nations can achieve a high level of economic growth by increasing wellbeing human capital. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20expenditures" title=" health expenditures"> health expenditures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20rate" title=" fertility rate"> fertility rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20expectancy" title=" life expectancy"> life expectancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20direct%20investment" title=" foreign direct investment"> foreign direct investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20infant%20mortality%20rate" title=" and infant mortality rate"> and infant mortality rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150373/impact-of-health-indicators-on-economic-growth-application-of-ardl-model-on-pakistans-data-set" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Anti-Site Disorder Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Sm₂NiMnO₆ Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geetanjali%20Singh">Geetanjali Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20J.%20Choudhary"> R. J. Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjana%20Dogra"> Anjana Dogra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Here we report the effects of anti-site disorder, present in the sample, on the magnetic properties of Sm₂NiMnO₆ (SNMO) thin films. To our best knowledge, there are no studies available on the thin films of SNMO. Thin films were grown using pulsed laser deposition technique on SrTiO₃ (STO) substrate under oxygen pressure of 800 mTorr. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles show that the film grown is epitaxial. Field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC) magnetization curve increase as we decrease the temperature till ~135K. A broad dip was observed in both the curves below this temperature which is more dominating in ZFC curve. An additional sharp cusplike shape was observed at low temperature (~20 K) which is due to the re-entrant spin-glass like properties present in the sample. Super-exchange interaction between Ni²⁺-O-Mn⁴⁺ is attributed to the FM ordering in these samples. The spin-glass feature is due to anti-site disorder within the homogeneous sample which was stated to be due to the mixed valence states Ni³⁺ and Mn³⁺ present in the sample. Anti-site disorder was found to play very crucial role in different magnetic phases of the sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20perovskite" title="double perovskite">double perovskite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20laser%20deposition" title=" pulsed laser deposition"> pulsed laser deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin-glass" title=" spin-glass"> spin-glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93932/anti-site-disorder-effects-on-the-magnetic-properties-of-sm2nimno6-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Role of Nano Gelatin and Hydrogel Based Scaffolds in Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husain%20S.%20Yawer">Husain S. Yawer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasim%20Raja%20Panwar"> Vasim Raja Panwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Priya"> Nidhi Priya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the role of nano-gelatin and Bioengineered Scaffolds on the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Tooth decay and early fall have each been one of the most prevailing dental disorders which cause physical and emotional suffering and compromise the patient's quality of life. The design of novel scaffolding materials will be based on mimicking the architecture of natural dental extracellular matrix which may provide as in vivo environments for proper cell growth. This methodology will involve the combination of nano-fibred gelatin as well as biodegradable hydrogel based tooth scaffold. We have measured and optimized the Dental Pulp Stem Cells growth profile in cultures carried out on collagen-coated plastic surface, however, for tissue regeneration study, we aim to develop an enhanced microenvironment for stem cell growth and dental tissue regeneration. We believe biomimetic cell adhesion and scaffolds might provide a near in vivo growth environment for proper growth and differentiation of human DPSCs, which further help in dentin/pulp tissue regeneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-gelatin" title="nano-gelatin">nano-gelatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cells" title=" stem cells"> stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20pulp" title=" dental pulp"> dental pulp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title=" scaffold"> scaffold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49373/role-of-nano-gelatin-and-hydrogel-based-scaffolds-in-odontogenic-differentiation-of-human-dental-pulp-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Offline Signature Verification in Punjabi Based On SURF Features and Critical Point Matching Using HMM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Kaur">Rajpal Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Choudhary"> Pooja Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biometrics, which refers to identifying an individual based on his or her physiological or behavioral characteristics, has the capabilities to the reliably distinguish between an authorized person and an imposter. The Signature recognition systems can categorized as offline (static) and online (dynamic). This paper presents Surf Feature based recognition of offline signatures system that is trained with low-resolution scanned signature images. The signature of a person is an important biometric attribute of a human being which can be used to authenticate human identity. However the signatures of human can be handled as an image and recognized using computer vision and HMM techniques. With modern computers, there is need to develop fast algorithms for signature recognition. There are multiple techniques are defined to signature recognition with a lot of scope of research. In this paper, (static signature) off-line signature recognition & verification using surf feature with HMM is proposed, where the signature is captured and presented to the user in an image format. Signatures are verified depended on parameters extracted from the signature using various image processing techniques. The Off-line Signature Verification and Recognition is implemented using Mat lab platform. This work has been analyzed or tested and found suitable for its purpose or result. The proposed method performs better than the other recently proposed methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20verification" title="offline signature verification">offline signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20recognition" title=" offline signature recognition"> offline signature recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signatures" title=" signatures"> signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SURF%20features" title=" SURF features"> SURF features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HMM" title=" HMM "> HMM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20259/offline-signature-verification-in-punjabi-based-on-surf-features-and-critical-point-matching-using-hmm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> IoT and Advanced Analytics Integration in Biogas Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20Choudhary">Rakesh Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Kumar"> Ajay Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Sharma"> Deepak Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of this paper is to investigate the challenges and benefits of IoT integration in biogas production. This overview explains how the inclusion of IoT can enhance biogas production efficiency. Therefore, such collected data can be explored by advanced analytics, including Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, consequently improving bio-energy processes. To boost biogas generation efficiency, this report examines the use of IoT devices for real-time data collection on key parameters, e.g., pH, temperature, gas composition, and microbial growth. Real-time monitoring through big data has made it possible to detect diverse, complex trends in the process of producing biogas. The Informed by advanced analytics can also help in improving bio-energy production as well as optimizing operational conditions. Moreover, IoT allows remote observation, control and management, which decreases manual intervention needed whilst increasing process effectiveness. Such a paradigm shift in the incorporation of IoT technologies into biogas production systems helps to achieve higher productivity levels as well as more practical biomass quality biomethane through real-time monitoring-based proactive decision-making, thus driving continuous performance improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title="internet of things">internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas" title=" biogas"> biogas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title=" anaerobic digestion"> anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20monitoring" title=" real-time monitoring"> real-time monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189359/iot-and-advanced-analytics-integration-in-biogas-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Predictive Modelling Approaches in Food Processing and Safety</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amandeep%20Sharma">Amandeep Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Digvaijay%20Verma"> Digvaijay Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruplal%20Choudhary"> Ruplal Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food processing is an activity across the globe that help in better handling of agricultural produce, including dairy, meat, and fish. The operations carried out in the food industry includes raw material quality authenticity; sorting and grading; processing into various products using thermal treatments – heating, freezing, and chilling; packaging; and storage at the appropriate temperature to maximize the shelf life of the products. All this is done to safeguard the food products and to ensure the distribution up to the consumer. The approaches to develop predictive models based on mathematical or statistical tools or empirical models’ development has been reported for various milk processing activities, including plant maintenance and wastage. Recently AI is the key factor for the fourth industrial revolution. AI plays a vital role in the food industry, not only in quality and food security but also in different areas such as manufacturing, packaging, and cleaning. A new conceptual model was developed, which shows that smaller sample size as only spectra would be required to predict the other values hence leads to saving on raw materials and chemicals otherwise used for experimentation during the research and new product development activity. It would be a futuristic approach if these tools can be further clubbed with the mobile phones through some software development for their real time application in the field for quality check and traceability of the product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20modlleing" title="predictive modlleing">predictive modlleing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ann" title=" ann"> ann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ai" title=" ai"> ai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159720/predictive-modelling-approaches-in-food-processing-and-safety" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 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