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document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { let consentBodyTag = document.querySelector('body'); consentBodyTag.dataset.consentLoaded = 1; }); } else { let consentBodyTag = document.querySelector('body'); consentBodyTag.dataset.consentLoaded = 1; } window.privacyConsent.initialize(); window.dispatchEvent(consentLoaded); } }) .then(() => { if (typeof window.privacyConsent !== 'undefined') { return executeScripts(after); } else { throw new Error('window.privacyConsent is undefined (execute scripts)'); } }) .then(() => { if (typeof window.privacyConsent !== 'undefined') { window.privacyConsent.initialize(); } else { throw new Error('window.privacyConsent is undefined (last initialize)'); } }) .catch(error => { console.error(error); }); } const salesChannelControllerIdentifier = 'salesChannelGuides'; let getTld = function (dl = {}) { let host = (window.location.host); if (dl.hasOwnProperty('prop7') && dl.prop7) { host = dl.prop7; } let hostArray = host.split('.'); let tld = hostArray[hostArray.length - 1]; if (host.indexOf('.co.uk') !== -1) { tld = hostArray[hostArray.length - 2] + '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 1]; } return (tld !== 'site' && tld !== 'lan') ? tld : 'de'; } let getCookieDomain = function (dl = {}) { let host = (window.location.host); if (dl.hasOwnProperty('prop7') && dl.prop7) { host = dl.prop7; } var hostArray = host.split('.'); if (hostArray[hostArray.length - 1] === 'uk') { return '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 3] + '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 2] + '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 1] } return '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 2] + '.' + hostArray[hostArray.length - 1]; } let setCookie = function (cname, cvalue, tInSecs, dl = {}) { const d = new Date(); d.setTime(d.getTime() + (tInSecs * 1000)); let expires = 'expires='+ d.toUTCString(); document.cookie = cname + '=' + cvalue + ';' + expires + ';path=/' + ';domain=' + getCookieDomain(dl); } let getParams = function () { var preparedUrlSearchParams = decodeURI(location.search.replace(/\?/g, "").replace(/&/g, "\",\"").replace(/=/g,"\":\"")); return JSON.parse(preparedUrlSearchParams ? '{"' + preparedUrlSearchParams + '"}' : '{}'); } let listCookies = function () { var theCookies = document.cookie.split(';'); var returnCookies = []; var cookieKeyValuePair = {}; var cookieString = ''; for (var i = 0; i <= theCookies.length; i++) { if (typeof theCookies[i] !== 'undefined') { cookieString = theCookies[i].trim(); cookieKeyValuePair = cookieString.match(/([^=]+?)[=\s](.*)/i); if (cookieKeyValuePair !== null && cookieKeyValuePair.length === 3) { returnCookies.push({ 'name': cookieKeyValuePair['1'], 'value': cookieKeyValuePair['2'] }); } } } return returnCookies; } let getSalesChannelController = function(salesChannelControllerIdentifier, url) { if (sessionStorage.getItem(salesChannelControllerIdentifier)) { return data = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(salesChannelControllerIdentifier)); } else { let salesChannelControllerApplicationArray = (typeof window.guidesDataLayer.application !== 'undefined') ? window.guidesDataLayer.application.split('.') : []; let salesChannelControllerOrigin = salesChannelControllerApplicationArray !== null && salesChannelControllerApplicationArray.length >= 3 ? salesChannelControllerApplicationArray[2] : 'DE'; let salesChannelControllerPath = salesChannelControllerApplicationArray !== null && salesChannelControllerApplicationArray.length >= 2 && salesChannelControllerApplicationArray[1] === 'SG' ? '/startupguide/' : '/digitalguide/'; let salesChannelControllerReferrer = document.referrer || ''; let salesChannelController = {}; salesChannelController.origin = salesChannelControllerOrigin; salesChannelController.path = salesChannelControllerPath; salesChannelController.cookies = {}; salesChannelController.requestParameter = {}; salesChannelController.referer = salesChannelControllerReferrer; salesChannelController.requestParameter = getParams(); salesChannelController.cookies = listCookies(); console.info('fetch SCC'); return fetch(url, { cache: 'no-store', method: 'POST', mode: 'cors', headers: { 'Accept': 'application/json', 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, body: JSON.stringify(salesChannelController) }) .then((response) => { console.info('fetch SCC done'); return response.json(); }) .then((data) => { setSalesChannelController(salesChannelControllerIdentifier, data); return data; }) .catch((error) => { console.info('missing data from salesChannelController'); throw error; }); } } let setSalesChannelController = function(salesChannelControllerIdentifier, data) { sessionStorage.setItem(salesChannelControllerIdentifier, JSON.stringify(data)); } let processSalesChannelController = function(config) { let sCCId = config.salesChannelControllerIdentifier || salesChannelControllerIdentifier; setSalesChannelController(sCCId, getSalesChannelController(sCCId, config.url)); try { if (sCCId && config.url) { setSalesChannelController(sCCId, getSalesChannelController(sCCId, config.url)); } } catch (e) { console.error(e, 'we have a problem with the sales channel controller ' + sCCId) } let salesChannelControllerDataString = sessionStorage.getItem(salesChannelControllerIdentifier); if (salesChannelControllerDataString) { let salesChannelControllerData = JSON.parse(salesChannelControllerDataString); // @Todo: After successful testing, remove comment from following line // processActionsAndUpdateDl(salesChannelControllerData, 'guidesDataLayer'); } } function processActionsAndUpdateDl (data, dlName) { if (typeof data.actions !== 'undefined' && data.actions.length >= 1 && window[dlName] !== 'undefined') { for (var i = 0; i <= data.actions.length; i++) { if (typeof data.actions[i] !== 'undefined' && data.actions[i].hasOwnProperty('action') && data.actions[i].hasOwnProperty('actionAttributes')) { if (data.actions[i].action === 'ADD_COOKIE') { if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.name'] && data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.value'] && data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.lifetime']) { setCookie( data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.name'], data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.value'], data.actions[i].actionAttributes['cookie.lifetime'], data ); } } if (data.actions[i].action === 'ADD_ACTIONCODE') { if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes['actioncode.code']) { window[dlName].eVar23 = window[dlName].eVar23 || data.actions[i].actionAttributes['actioncode.code']; window[dlName].eVar74 = window[dlName].eVar23; } } if (data.actions[i].action === 'ADD_MEDIUMCODE') { if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes['mediumcode.code']) { window[dlName].eVar22 = data.actions[i].actionAttributes['mediumcode.code'] || window[dlName].eVar22; window[dlName].eVar24 = window[dlName].eVar24 || data.actions[i].actionAttributes['mediumcode.code']; } } if (data.actions[i].action === 'ADD_TRACKINGCODE_COMP') { var itcChannel = ''; var itcProduct = ''; var itcCampaign = ''; if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes.channelcode) { window[dlName].eVar97 = window[dlName].eVar97 || data.actions[i].actionAttributes.channelcode; itcChannel = window[dlName].eVar97; } if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes.productcode) { window[dlName].eVar98 = window[dlName].eVar98 || data.actions[i].actionAttributes.productcode; itcProduct = window[dlName].eVar98; } if (data.actions[i].actionAttributes.campaigncode) { window[dlName].eVar99 = window[dlName].eVar99 || data.actions[i].actionAttributes.campaigncode; itcCampaign = window[dlName].eVar99; } var OAO = window.OAO || {}; OAO.q = OAO.q || {}; OAO.q.ias = OAO.q.ias || []; OAO.q.ias.push(["addVisitorData", "itc-channel", itcChannel]); OAO.q.ias.push(["addVisitorData", "itc-product", itcProduct]); OAO.q.ias.push(["addVisitorData", "itc-campaign", itcCampaign]); } } } } } window.processSalesChannelController = processSalesChannelController; window.promisedConsentScriptsBefore.push({ scriptOrFunction: 'processSalesChannelController', data: { salesChannelControllerIdentifier: 'salesChannelGuidesPreview', url: 'https://www.ionos.de/shop-api/api/v1/saleschannel' } }); let jentis = function () { const jentisConfig = new Map([ ['de', {endpoint: 'https://6zqtim.ionos.de', project: 'ionos_de', jsFile: 'aljmf5.js'}], ['uk', {endpoint: 'https://xxwre7.ionos.co.uk', project: 'ionos_co_uk', jsFile: 'akbbdz.js'}], ['us', {endpoint: 'https://54ft7i.ionos.com', project: 'ionos_com', jsFile: '48gpcp.js'}], ['ca', {endpoint: 'https://nsupig.ionos.ca', project: 'ionos_ca', jsFile: 'j05pa0.js'}], ['fr', {endpoint: 'https://948si5.ionos.fr', project: 'ionos_fr', jsFile: 'b44g5k.js'}], ['es', {endpoint: 'https://v0v7kq.ionos.es', project: 'ionos_es', jsFile: 'bp6upp.js'}], ['it', {endpoint: 'https://kt8986.ionos.it', project: 'ionos_it', jsFile: 'td7zu1.js'}], ['mx', {endpoint: 'https://e5xnsj.ionos.mx', project: 'ionos_mx', jsFile: 'tvjenp.js'}], ['at', {endpoint: 'https://6kudki.ionos.at', project: 'ionos_at', jsFile: '9t1jfx.js'}], ]); let country = window.guidesDataLayer.market.toLowerCase(); const jentisRuntimeConfig = jentisConfig.has(country) ? jentisConfig.get(country) : null; if (jentisRuntimeConfig === null) { throw new Error('Jentis runtime configuration not available!'); } (function (sCDN, sCDNProject, sCDNWorkspace, sCDNVers) { if ( window.localStorage !== null && typeof window.localStorage === "object" && typeof window.localStorage.getItem === "function" && window.sessionStorage !== null && typeof window.sessionStorage === "object" && typeof window.sessionStorage.getItem === "function" ) { sCDNVers = window.sessionStorage.getItem("jts_preview_version") || window.localStorage.getItem("jts_preview_version") || sCDNVers; } window.jentis = window.jentis || {}; window.jentis.config = window.jentis.config || {}; window.jentis.config.frontend = window.jentis.config.frontend || {}; window.jentis.config.frontend.cdnhost = sCDN + "/get/" + sCDNWorkspace + "/web/" + sCDNVers + "/"; window.jentis.config.frontend.vers = sCDNVers; window.jentis.config.frontend.env = sCDNWorkspace; window.jentis.config.frontend.project = sCDNProject; window._jts = window._jts || []; var f = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; var j = document.createElement("script"); j.async = true; j.src = window.jentis.config.frontend.cdnhost + jentisRuntimeConfig.jsFile; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(jentisRuntimeConfig.endpoint, jentisRuntimeConfig.project, "live", "_"); } const jentisPageView = function () { const dataLayerNs = window.ionos.datalayer.pageview; dataLayerNs.applicationName = window.guidesDataLayer.shopname; dataLayerNs.subShopname = null; dataLayerNs.page = window.guidesDataLayer.prop1; dataLayerNs.productArea = window.guidesDataLayer.eVar1; dataLayerNs.section = window.guidesDataLayer.eVar6; dataLayerNs.hashedIp = null; dataLayerNs.loginStatus = null; dataLayerNs.hashedCustomerId = null; window.dataLayerNs = dataLayerNs; window.privacyConsent.invoke( window.ionos.datalayer.pageview.sendData, window.PrivacyConsentEnum.STATISTICS, window.privacyConsent, true, ); window.privacyConsent.initialize(); window?.ionos?.datalayer?.initConsent(); } window.jentis = jentis; window.jentisPageView = jentisPageView; window.promisedConsentScriptsBefore.push({scriptOrFunction: 'jentis'}); window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter.push({scriptOrFunction: 'https://var.uicdn.net/shopsshort/ionos-datalayer/datalayer.min.js'}); window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter.push({scriptOrFunction: 'jentisPageView'}); let genesysPredictiveEngangement = function () { let genesysPredictiveEngangementFn = function() { (function (a, t, c, l, o, u, d) { a['_genesysJourneySdk'] = o; a[o] = a[o] || function () { (a[o].q = a[o].q || []).push(arguments) }, a[o].l = 1 * new Date(); u = t.createElement(c), d = t.getElementsByTagName(c)[0]; u.async = 1; u.src = l; u.charset = 'utf-8'; d.parentNode.insertBefore(u, d) })(window, document, 'script', 'https://apps.mypurecloud.de/journey/sdk/js/web/v1/ac.js', 'ac'); ac('init', '64d8dda3-78c2-40a3-9e33-40c30650eb34', {region: 'euc1'}); ac('pageview') }; (function () { window.privacyConsent.invoke( genesysPredictiveEngangementFn, PrivacyConsentEnum.MARKETING, window.privacyConsent, true ); })(); window.privacyConsent.initialize(); } window.genesysPredictiveEngangement = genesysPredictiveEngangement; window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter.push({scriptOrFunction: 'genesysPredictiveEngangement'}); let hubspot = function () { let hubspotFn = function () { var n = document.createElement("script"); n.setAttribute("id", 'hs-script-loader'); n.async = true; n.defer = true; n.setAttribute("src", 'https://js-eu1.hs-scripts.com/8230984.js'); window.document.head.appendChild(n); }; window.privacyConsent.invoke( hubspotFn, PrivacyConsentEnum.STATISTICS, window.privacyConsent, true ); window.privacyConsent.initialize(); } window.hubspot = hubspot; window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter.push({scriptOrFunction: 'hubspot'}); function consentRelatedScriptsInsertAfter(newNode, existingNode) { existingNode.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, existingNode.nextSibling); } let consentRelatedScripts = function() { var consentRelatedScriptsFn = document.querySelectorAll('script[type="text/plain"][data-consent]'); console.info(consentRelatedScriptsFn); var consentedFunctions = []; consentRelatedScriptsFn.forEach(function (item) { var consentCategoryFromDataSet = item.dataset.consent || ''; if (consentCategoryFromDataSet !== '') { var consentCategory = consentCategoryFromDataSet.toUpperCase(); if (!(consentCategory in consentedFunctions)) { consentedFunctions[consentCategory] = []; } consentedFunctions[consentCategory].push(item); } }) var activateConsentRelatedScripts = []; for (var consentCategory in consentedFunctions) { activateConsentRelatedScripts[consentCategory] = function() { consentedFunctions[consentCategory].forEach(function(item) { var newScriptContent = item.text; const newScript = document.createElement("script"); newScript.text = newScriptContent; newScript.type = "text/javascript"; newScript.dataset.consentGiven = true; consentRelatedScriptsInsertAfter(newScript, item); }); }; window.privacyConsent.invoke( activateConsentRelatedScripts[consentCategory], PrivacyConsentEnum[consentCategory], window.privacyConsent, false ); window.privacyConsent.initialize(); } } window.consentRelatedScripts = consentRelatedScripts; window.consentRelatedScriptsInsertAfter = consentRelatedScriptsInsertAfter; window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter.push({scriptOrFunction: 'consentRelatedScripts'}); window.promisedConsentScriptsBefore = window.promisedConsentScriptsBefore || []; window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter = window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter || []; loadPromisedConsentScripts({ consentUrl: 'https://www.ionos.de/modules/hosting-common/script/privacy/bundle.js', consentType: '', before: window.promisedConsentScriptsBefore, after: window.promisedConsentScriptsAfter }); </script> <script> "use strict"; if (typeof ready !== 'function') { var ready=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e):document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===document.readyState&&e()})}; } /** Polyfill for NodeList.forEach */ if ('NodeList' in window && !NodeList.prototype.forEach) {NodeList.prototype.forEach = function (callback, thisArg) {thisArg = thisArg || window;for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) callback.call(thisArg, this[i], i, this);};} /** Polyfill for HTMLCollection.forEach */ if ('HTMLCollection' in window && !HTMLCollection.prototype.forEach) {HTMLCollection.prototype.forEach = function (callback, thisArg) {thisArg = thisArg || window;for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) callback.call(thisArg, this[i], i, this);};} /** Array.prototype.includes() polyfill @author Chris Ferdinandi @license MIT */ if (!Array.prototype.includes) {Array.prototype.includes = function (search, start) {'use strict';if (search instanceof RegExp) throw TypeError('first argument must not be a RegExp');if (start === undefined) start = 0;return this.indexOf(search, start) !== -1;};} /** Polyfill for Element.matches */ if (Element && !Element.prototype.matches) {Element.prototype.matches = Element.prototype.matchesSelector || Element.prototype.mozMatchesSelector || Element.prototype.msMatchesSelector || Element.prototype.oMatchesSelector || Element.prototype.webkitMatchesSelector;} </script> <meta name="theme-color" content="#02102b"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-ist-eine-generische-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-ist-eine-generische-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de-AT" href="https://www.ionos.at/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-ist-eine-generische-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de-DE" href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-ist-eine-generische-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-CA" href="https://www.ionos.ca/digitalguide/domains/domain-extensions/what-is-a-generic-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-GB" href="https://www.ionos.co.uk/digitalguide/domains/domain-extensions/what-is-a-generic-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-US" href="https://www.ionos.com/digitalguide/domains/domain-extensions/what-is-a-generic-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://www.ionos.com/es-us/digitalguide/dominios/extensiones-de-dominio/gtld-conoce-los-dominios-genericos-de-nivel-superior/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-AR" href="https://www.ionos.com/es-us/digitalguide/dominios/extensiones-de-dominio/gtld-conoce-los-dominios-genericos-de-nivel-superior/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-ES" href="https://www.ionos.es/digitalguide/dominios/extensiones-de-dominio/gtld-conoce-los-dominios-genericos-de-nivel-superior/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-MX" href="https://www.ionos.mx/digitalguide/dominios/extensiones-de-dominio/gtld-conoce-los-dominios-genericos-de-nivel-superior/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://www.ionos.fr/digitalguide/domaines/extensions-de-domaine/quest-ce-quune-extension-generique-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://www.ionos.it/digitalguide/domini/estensioni-di-dominio/che-cose-un-top-level-domain-generico-gtld/"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.ionos.com/digitalguide/domains/domain-extensions/what-is-a-generic-top-level-domain-gtld/"/> </head> <body class="position-relative page-517"> <nav id="navigation-main" class="navbar brand-header-bg brand-header-color position-fixed fixed-top contain-style" data-bs-theme="dark"><span class="scroll-indicator d-block fixed-top w-100"><span class="d-block brand-scroll-indicator-bg"></span></span><div class="container-fluid container-sm"><a data-linkid="guides.logo.header" class="navbar-brand mx-0 d-flex align-items-center link-internal" href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/" target="_top" title="Digital Guide" data-guides-target-uid="1"><svg class="d-inline-block m-0 brand-logo brand-header-color"><use xlink:href="#ionos-logo" /></svg><span class="brand-entity d-inline-block m-0 ms-3 brand-header-color lh-1">Digital Guide</span></a><form id="search-bar" class="search-form input-group input-group-sm w-auto mx-5 d-none d-lg-flex flex-fill" role="search" action="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/suche/" method="POST" autocomplete="off"><span class="input-group-text rounded-start-5 border-0 px-0 brand-header-search-bg"><button class="btn btn-sm brand-header-search-bg brand-header-muted-color" type="submit" id="navbar-search" data-linkid="guides.module.search.btn"><svg width="16" height="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-search"></use></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Ihr Suchbegriff</span></button></span><input class="form-control rounded-end-5 border-0 ps-1 brand-header-search-bg brand-header-muted-color" type="text" name="search" onkeyup="javascript:localStorage.setItem('searchTerm', cleanupSearchString(this.value))" placeholder="Ihr Suchbegriff" autocomplete="off" aria-label="Ihr Suchbegriff" aria-describedby="navbar-search" spellcheck="false" ></form><button class="btn btn-sm btn-cta px-3 ms-auto me-5 d-none d-sm-block" type="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#navbar-products" aria-controls="navbar-products" aria-labelledby="navbar-products"> IONOS Produkte </button><div class="offcanvas offcanvas-top brand-header-bg brand-header-color" data-bs-hideresize="true" tabindex="-1" id="navbar-products" aria-labelledby="navbar-products"><div class="offcanvas-header"><span class="offcanvas-title h5 brand-header-color" id="offcanvas-label-navigation-products">IONOS Produkte</span><button type="button" class="btn-close brand-header-color navbar-toggler" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button></div><div class="offcanvas-body pt-0 position-relative align-items-center"><ul class="nav"><li class="nav-item col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4 col-xxl-2 px-1 my-2"><span class="nav-link disabled brand-header-muted-color">Domain & SSL</span><ul class="nav flex-column mt-2 pt-2 border-top brand-header-border-color"><li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/domain-registrieren" target="_top" data-linkid="guides.navigation.products.domain-ssl.domain-kaufen" class="nav-link link-internal">Domain kaufen</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/domain-check" target="_top" data-linkid="guides.navigation.products.domain-ssl.domain-check" class="nav-link link-internal">Domain Check</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/domain-umzug" target="_top" data-linkid="guides.navigation.products.domain-ssl.domain-umziehen" class="nav-link link-internal">Domain umziehen</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/de-domain" target="_top" data-linkid="guides.navigation.products.domain-ssl.de-domain" class="nav-link link-internal">.de-Domain</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/guenstige-domains" target="_top" data-linkid="guides.navigation.products.domain-ssl.guenstige-domain" class="nav-link link-internal">Günstige 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"http://schema.org","@type": "BreadcrumbList","itemListElement": [{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"IONOS","item":"https:\/\/www.ionos.de"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Digital Guide","item":"https:\/\/www.ionos.de\/digitalguide\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Domains","item":"https:\/\/www.ionos.de\/digitalguide\/domains\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Domainendungen","item":"https:\/\/www.ionos.de\/digitalguide\/domains\/domainendungen\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Was ist eine generische Top-Level-Domain (gTLD)?"}]}</script> <ol class="breadcrumb m-0"> <li class="breadcrumb-item m-0 p-0"><a class="text-decoration-none link-internal" href="https://www.ionos.de" title="IONOS" data-linkid="guides.navigation.breadcrumb.ionos" target="_top">IONOS</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item m-0 p-0"><svg width="16" height="16" class="mx-1 brand-breadcrumb-icon-color"><use xlink:href="#icon-breadcrumb-divider"/></svg><a 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aria-current="page"><svg width="16" height="16" class="mx-1 brand-breadcrumb-icon-color"><use xlink:href="#icon-breadcrumb-divider"/></svg>Was ist eine generische Top-Level-Domain (gTLD)?</li> </ol> </nav> <div class="container-fluid container-sm py-2 pb-md-5 py-lg-5 contain-style position-relative overflow-hidden"> <div class="row contain-style gap-2"> <div class="col d-flex flex-column contain-style gap-2 justify-content-around order-lg-last"> <h1 class="m-0 order-lg-2">gTLDs: Was Sie über generische Top-Level-Domains wissen sollten</h1> <ul class="nav flex-row justify-content-between align-items-center my-0 gap-2 order-lg-last contain-style"><li class="my-0 d-flex flex-nowrap align-items-center position-relative"><img class="img-fluid brand-btn-bg rounded-circle me-2 border border-1 brand-btn-border-color overflow-hidden d-none d-sm-block" title="IONOS Redaktion" alt="IONOS Redaktion" src="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/_assets/b76f27cb02ebc538ac6fbabcf1a88e7f/Icons/logo-icon-nlement-48px-and-smaller.svg" width="48" height="48" /><span class="d-block"><span class="d-block">IONOS Redaktion</span><span class=" d-flex fs-sm align-items-center gap-1"><svg width="16" height="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-calendar-event"></use></svg><time datetime="2021-05-20">20.05.2021</time></span><span class="time-to-read d-flex fs-sm align-items-center gap-1"><svg width="16" height="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-stopwatch"></use></svg><span>5 mins</span></span></span></li><li class="my-0"><ul class="nav flex-row"><li><a data-linkid="guides.article.share.facebook" target="_blank" title="Auf Facebook teilen" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-ist-eine-generische-top-level-domain-gtld/" class="btn btn-lg btn-skeleton p-1 rounded-circle lh-1 facebook link-external" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg width="16" 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style="display: none"> <figure class="image position-relative overflow-hidden align-center visual-img contain-style my-0 w-100 h-100"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1680px)" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/2/1/csm_com-tld-t_8cb9303072.webp"/><source media="(min-width: 1400px)" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/2/1/csm_com-tld-t_800d8e6502.webp"/><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/2/1/csm_com-tld-t_021140873b.webp"/><source media="(min-width: 922px)" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/2/1/csm_com-tld-t_f1999a0356.webp"/><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/2/1/csm_com-tld-t_5fa7733db7.webp"/><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMSAxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPgogICAgPHJlY3QgeD0iMCIgeT0iMCIgd2lkdGg9IjEiIGhlaWdodD0iMSIgZmlsbD0idHJhbnNwYXJlbnQiIGZpbGwtcnVsZT0iZXZlbm9kZCIvPgo8L3N2Zz4K" width="1200" height="630" title="gTLDs: Was Sie über generische Top-Level-Domains wissen sollten" alt="gTLDs: Was Sie über generische Top-Level-Domains wissen sollten" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto img-format-landscape w-100 h-100 object-fit-cover rounded-4 border border-1 border-brand-gray-100" data-originalfile="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/DigitalGuide/Teaser/com-tld-t.jpg"/></picture> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid container-sm"> <div class="row py-2 py-lg-5 contain-style position-relative gap-4 flex-xl-nowrap"> <section class="content col-12 col-xl-6 col-xxxl-7 contain-style order-2 position-relative overflow-hidden mw-xl-content-area"> <div id="c3689" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Eine Internetadresse (Domain - siehe hierzu auch: <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domaintipps/was-ist-eine-domain/" target="_top" title="Was ist eine Domain?" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.was-ist-eine-domain" class="link-internal">Was ist eine Domain?</a>) besteht aus mehreren Teilen – einer davon ist die Domain-Endung. Sie wird auch als Top-Level-Domain (TLD) bezeichnet. Es gibt verschiedene Arten von TLDs: So ist z. B. die Endung <em>.de</em> eine länderspezifische TLD. Eine <strong>gTLD</strong> (englisch: „generic top-level domain“) hingegen ist eine länderübergreifende Endung – international am weitesten verbreitet ist die gTLD <em><a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/was-bedeutet-com/" target="_top" title="Was bedeutet .com?" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.com" class="link-internal">.com</a></em> (für „commercial“). Diese ist wie alle TLDs Teil des <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/server/knowhow/domain-name-system/" target="_top" title="Domain Name System" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.domain-name-system" class="link-internal">Domain Name System</a>, das sozusagen das Adressverzeichnis des Internets darstellt. Was unterscheidet gTLDs von anderen Top-Level-Domains und wie lassen sie sich weiter unterteilen?</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3693" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <h2> Länderspezifische und generische Top-Level-Domains </h2> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Bei den Domain-Endungen trennt man zwischen gTLDs und sogenannten ccTLDs. Bekannte Beispiele für generische TLDs außer <em>.com</em> sind vor allem <em>.net</em>, <em>.org</em> und <em>.info</em>. Die <strong><a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/cctlds-alle-fakten-zu-laenderspezifischen-domains/" target="_top" title="ccTLDs: Alle Fakten zu länderspezifischen Domains" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.cctld" class="link-internal">ccTLD</a></strong> (cc = „country code“) hingegen werden als länderspezifische Top-Level-Domains genutzt (z. B. <em>.de</em> für Deutschland oder <em>.uk</em> für Großbritannien). Eine <strong>generische Top-Level-Domain</strong> steckt kein geografisches, sondern ein<strong> thematisches Feld </strong>ab: Beispielsweise steht <em>.org</em> für „organization“ und verweist in der Regel auf Non-Profit-Organisationen. Mit der gTLD <em>.info</em> indes lässt sich unterstreichen, dass eine Website einen informierenden Charakter besitzt. gTLDs bestehen im Gegensatz zu ccTLDs immer aus mindestens drei Buchstaben.</p> <p>In der Frühzeit des Internets gab es nur eine Handvoll generische Top-Level-Domains. Im Januar 1985 wurden mit <em>.com</em>, <em>.org</em>, <em>.net</em>, <em>.edu</em>, <em>.gov</em>, <em>.int</em> und <em>.mil</em> sowie <em>.arpa</em> die <strong>ersten gTLDs</strong> eingeführt (die ersten ccTLDs folgten allerdings noch im selben Jahr). Inzwischen existieren hunderte generische Domain-Endungen, was auf die schrittweise Einführung <strong>neuer gTLDs</strong> zurückzuführen ist.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c95633" class="textmedia my-4 position-relative d-flex flex-column rounded-4 p-3 border brand-box-alt-bg brand-box-alt-border-color brand-box-alt-color" data-ctype="textmedia"> <div class="h2 has-icon"><svg width="16" height="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-lightbulb"></use></svg> Tipp </div> <div class="ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Sie haben noch keine eigene Domain? Dann <a href="https://www.ionos.de/domains/domain-registrieren" target="_top" title="Domain registrieren bei IONOS" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.kaufen-sie-jetzt-ihre-domain" class="link-internal">kaufen Sie jetzt Ihre Domain</a> bei IONOS!</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3697" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <h2> Gesponserte vs. nichtgesponserte gTLDs </h2> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Generische TLDs lassen sich grundsätzlich in zwei Formen unterscheiden: gesponserte und nichtgesponserte Top-Level-Domains. Um eine Internetadresse mit einer <strong>gesponserten TLD</strong> zu erhalten, müssen bestimmte Anforderungen erfüllt werden. Diese <strong>Auflagen</strong> werden von den Sponsoren (Unternehmen oder Organisationen) bestimmt, die auch für die Kontrolle der Richtlinien und der allgemeinen Verwaltung ihrer TLD zuständig sind. Gesponserte Domain-Endungen sind beispielsweise <em>.gov</em> (für US-amerikanische Regierungsorgane), <em>.int</em> (für internationale Organisationen) oder <em>.jobs</em> (für Stellenangebote von Unternehmen). Die <strong>nichtgesponserten TLDs</strong> werden dagegen <strong>zentral </strong><strong>kontrolliert und verwaltet</strong>. Hierfür ist in erster Linie die <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domain-news/domain-anmeldung-so-arbeiten-icann-denic-co/" target="_top" class="internal-link link-internal" title="Domain-Anmeldung: So arbeiten ICANN, DENIC & Co." data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.icann">ICANN</a> (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) verantwortlich, die allerdings mit diversen Partnern zusammenarbeitet. Ursprünglich war bei der Einführung der ersten nichtgesponserten TLDs geplant, dass man auch diese nur unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen erwerben kann. Sie sollten – ähnlich wie bei gesponserten gTLDs – einen klaren Bezugsrahmen für Websites markieren: So sollte z. B. <em>.com</em> anfänglich nur Unternehmen zur Verfügung stehen, <em>.net</em> war nur für Internetdienstanbieter vorgesehen und <em>.pro</em> für den professionellen Gebrauch in diversen Berufsfeldern gedacht. Diese Pläne wurden jedoch nach und nach fallengelassen, sodass mittlerweile <strong>fast jede nichtgesponserte gTLD</strong> für alle interessierten Privatpersonen, Unternehmen, Organisationen etc. <strong>frei verfügbar</strong> ist. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3699" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <h2> Übersicht traditioneller gTLDs </h2> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-center ce-below"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Aufgrund der massenhaften Zulassung neuer TLDs gibt es inzwischen eine nur schwer zu überschauende Anzahl an generischen Domain-Endungen. Weiterführende Informationen über TLDs, die in der jüngeren Vergangenheit registriert wurden, finden Sie in unserem Artikel „<strong><a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/domains/domainendungen/neue-top-level-domains-was-ist-zu-beachten/" target="_top" title="Neue Top-Level-Domains – was ist zu beachten?" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.neue-top-level-domains" class="link-internal">Neue Top-Level-Domains</a> – was ist zu beachten?</strong>“. Die beiden nachstehenden Tabellen geben hingegen einen Überblick über <strong>klassische generische Top-Level-Domains</strong>, unterteilt in gesponserte und nichtgesponserte.</p> <p>Nicht aufgeführt ist die Domain-Endung <strong><em>.arpa</em></strong>, da diese einen <strong>Sonderfall</strong> darstellt. Sie wurde 1985 als erste TLD in das Domain Name System integriert. Eingangs diente sie zur Übertragung der <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/hosting/hosting-technik/hostname/" target="_top" title="Hostname" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.hostname" class="link-internal">Hostname</a>-Konventionen des Arpanets (dem Vorgänger des Internets) in das Domain Name System. Heutzutage wird <em>.arpa</em> ausschließlich für die Infrastruktur des Internets genutzt, weshalb die TLD auch nicht der Öffentlichkeit zur Verfügung steht und keine Domain-Registrierungen unter ihr möglich sind.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3707" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <h3>Nichtgesponserte generische Top-Level-Domains</h3><div class="table-responsive"><table summary class="table"><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Top-Level-Domain</th><th scope="col">Einführungsjahr</th><th scope="col">(ursprünglich) vorgesehen für</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><td>.com (commercial)</td><td>1985</td><td>(US-amerikanische) Unternehmen</td></tr><tr><td>.org (organization)</td><td>1985</td><td>Non-Profit-Organisationen</td></tr><tr><td>.net (network)</td><td>1985</td><td>Internetprovider</td></tr><tr><td>.info</td><td>2001</td><td>Informationsangebote (aber von Anfang an für jeden frei verfügbar)</td></tr><tr><td>.biz (business)</td><td>2001</td><td>Unternehmen</td></tr><tr><td>.name</td><td>2001</td><td>Privatpersonen</td></tr><tr><td>.pro (professional)</td><td>2004</td><td>Spezielle Berufsgruppen</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3709" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <h3>Gesponserte generische Top-Level-Domains</h3><div class="table-responsive"><table class="table"><tbody><tr><th scope="col"><strong>Top-Level-Domain</strong></th><th scope="col"><strong>Einführungsjahr</strong></th><th scope="col"><strong>berechtigte Nutzer/ vorgesehen für</strong></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><td><em>.gov</em> (government)</td><td>1985</td><td>Regierungsbehörden der USA</td></tr><tr><td><em>.edu</em> (educational)</td><td>1985</td><td>Organisationen des Bildungssystems (seit 2001 auf US-amerikanische Bildungseinrichtungen beschränkt)</td></tr><tr><td><em>.mil</em> (military)</td><td>1985</td><td>Militär der USA</td></tr><tr><td><em>.int</em> (international)</td><td>1988</td><td>Internationale Organisationen</td></tr><tr><td><em>.aero</em> (aeronautics)</td><td>2001</td><td>Luftfahrtbranche</td></tr><tr><td><em>.coop</em> (cooperatives)</td><td>2001</td><td>Genossenschaften</td></tr><tr><td><em>.museum</em></td><td>2001</td><td>Museen</td></tr><tr><td><em>.cat</em> (catalan)</td><td>2005</td><td>Förderer/Nutzer der katalanischen Sprache und Kultur</td></tr><tr><td><em>.jobs</em></td><td>2005</td><td>Stellenanzeigen von Unternehmen</td></tr><tr><td><em>.mobi</em> (mobile)</td><td>2005</td><td>Für mobile Endgeräte optimierte Websites</td></tr><tr><td><em>.tel</em> (telecommunication)</td><td>2005</td><td>Darstellung von Kontaktdaten der Domain-Inhaber </td></tr><tr><td><em>.travel</em></td><td>2005</td><td>Personen, Unternehmen und Organisationen der Reisebranche</td></tr><tr><td><em>.asia</em></td><td>2007</td><td>Personen, Unternehmen und Organisationen aus dem asiatischen/pazifischen Raum</td></tr><tr><td><em>.xxx</em></td><td>2011</td><td>Erotische/pornografische Inhalte</td></tr><tr><td><em>.post</em></td><td>2012</td><td>Mitglieder des Weltpostvereins</td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c3711" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <h2> gTLDs: Domain-Endungen mit Geschichte und Zukunft </h2> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-center ce-below"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p>Generische Top-Level-Domains stellen einen wichtigen technischen Eckpfeiler des Internets dar und existieren seit Anbeginn des Webs. Auch künftig werden sie bei der Domain-Vergabe eine große Rolle spielen. Insbesondere ist davon auszugehen, dass diejenigen generischen TLDs, die sich über die letzten Jahrzehnte etablieren konnten, <strong>auch in Zukunft relevant </strong>sein werden. </p> <p>Die Auswahl an verbleibenden Website-Adressen, die auf beliebte TLDs wie <em>.com</em>, <em>.org</em> oder <em>.net</em> enden, schrumpft allerdings kontinuierlich. Gleiches gilt für die länderspezifischen TLDs, was aus folgender Infografik, die zur Geschichte der .com-Domain veröffentlicht wurde, ersichtlich wird. Durch die große Beliebtheit von Top-Level-Domains wie .com, .info oder .de werden neue Alternativen unumgänglich.</p> </div> <div class="aligncenter ce-gallery" data-ce-columns="1" data-ce-images="1"> <div class="ce-outer"> <div class="ce-inner"> <div class="row ce-row"> <div class="col ce-column"> <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/DigitalGuide/Infografiken/geschichte-der-com-domain.jpg" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#modal-12841" data-lightbox="12841" data-title="" class="img-holder d-block pe-none pe-lg-auto link-internal" style="display: none" target="_top"><img src="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/DigitalGuide/Infografiken/geschichte-der-com-domain.jpg" width="960" height="1970" srcset="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/0/0/csm_geschichte-der-com-domain_df76e02932.webp 750w,https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/_processed_/0/0/csm_geschichte-der-com-domain_4a125048e3.webp 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304px,(max-width:319px) 304px" title="Geschichte der .com-Domain" alt="Geschichte der .com-Domain" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto img-format-portrait mw-50 w-100 rounded-4 border border-1 border-brand-gray-100" data-originalfile="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/DigitalGuide/Infografiken/geschichte-der-com-domain.jpg"></div><button type="button" class="btn-close position-absolute top-0 end-0 me-2 mt-2" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" style="filter:invert(1);background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5)"></button></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c32819" class="textmedia" data-ctype="textmedia"> <div class="text-row ce-textpic ce-right ce-intext"> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <p><em>Klicken Sie <a href="https://www.ionos.de/digitalguide/fileadmin/DigitalGuide/Downloads/geschichte-der-com-domain.pdf" target="_top" class="download link-internal" title="Geschichte der .com-Domain" data-linkid="guides.content.link.int.hier">hier</a>, wenn Sie die Infografik zur Geschichte der .com-Domain herunterladen möchten.</em> Dank der neuen gTLDs lassen sich längst vergriffene Domains nun jedoch mit einer anderen Endung erwerben. 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