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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Danny Hillis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="داني هيليس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="داني هيليس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="دانیل هیلیس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دانیل هیلیس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Дани Хилис – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дани Хилис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Daniel_Hillis" title="W. Daniel Hillis – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="W. Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Daniel_Hillis" title="William Daniel Hillis – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="دانیل هیلیس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانیل هیلیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD" title="Դանիել Հիլիս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դանիել Հիլիս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Daniel_Hillis" title="William Daniel Hillis – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Daniel_Hillis" title="W. Daniel Hillis – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="W. Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="دانى هيليس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دانى هيليس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Daniel_Hillis" title="William Daniel Hillis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="William Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%92%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9" title="ダニー・ヒリス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダニー・ヒリス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Daniel_Hillis" title="William Daniel Hillis – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William Daniel Hillis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Хиллис, Уильям Даниэль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хиллис, Уильям Даниэль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81" title="Денні Гілліс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Денні Гілліс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF" title="丹尼尔·希利斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丹尼尔·希利斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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title="Daniel Hillis">Daniel Hillis</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American computer scientist</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Daniel Hillis</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Danny_Hillis,_2014_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg/250px-Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg/330px-Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg/500px-Danny_Hillis%2C_2014_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2657" data-file-height="3543" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Hillis in 2014</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">William Daniel Hillis</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1956-09-25</span>) </span>September 25, 1956<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 68)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (<a href="/wiki/B._S." class="mw-redirect" title="B. S.">BS</a>, <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Taylor Milsal</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2019)<wbr /></div><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dan_David_Prize" title="Dan David Prize">Dan David Prize</a> (2002)<br /><a href="/wiki/Grace_Murray_Hopper_Award" title="Grace Murray Hopper Award">Grace Murray Hopper Award</a> (1989)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer Science">Computer Science</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Computer_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer Engineering">Computer Engineering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Imagineering" title="Walt Disney Imagineering">Walt Disney Imagineering</a><br /> Applied Invention</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/14719/18524280-MIT.pdf">The Connection Machine</a></i> <span style="font-size:97%;">(1985)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Jay_Sussman" title="Gerald Jay Sussman">Gerald Jay Sussman</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Daniel Hillis</b> (born September 25, 1956) is an American <a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">inventor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneurship" title="Entrepreneurship">entrepreneur</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Computer_scientist" title="Computer scientist">computer scientist</a>, who pioneered <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallel computers</a> and their use in <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>. He founded <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines Corporation</a>, a parallel <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputer</a> manufacturer, and subsequently was Vice President of Research and Disney Fellow at <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Imagineering" title="Walt Disney Imagineering">Walt Disney Imagineering</a>. </p><p>Hillis was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> in 2001 for advances in parallel computers, parallel software, and parallel storage. </p><p>More recently, Hillis co-founded Applied Minds,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Applied Invention, an interdisciplinary group of engineers, scientists, and artists.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_academic_work">Early life and academic work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and academic work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born September 25, 1956, in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, Danny Hillis spent much of his childhood living overseas, in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. </p><p>He attended the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT) and received his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">bachelor of science</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> in 1978. As an <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate" class="mw-redirect" title="Undergraduate">undergraduate</a>, he worked at the MIT <a href="/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)" title="Logo (programming language)">Logo</a> Laboratory under the tutelage of <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Papert" title="Seymour Papert">Seymour Papert</a>, developing <a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">computer hardware</a> and <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a> for children.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, he also designed computer-oriented toys and games for the <a href="/wiki/Milton_Bradley_Company" title="Milton Bradley Company">Milton Bradley Company</a>. While still in college, he co-founded Terrapin Inc., a producer of computer software, including Logo, for <a href="/wiki/Elementary_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary schools">elementary schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a <a href="/wiki/Graduate_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate student">graduate student</a> at the <a href="/wiki/MIT_Computer_Science_and_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory" title="MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory">MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hillis designed tendon-controlled robot arms<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a touch-sensitive robot "skin".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his college years, Hillis was part of the team that built a computer composed entirely of <a href="/wiki/Tinkertoys" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinkertoys">Tinkertoys</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> currently at the <a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Computer History Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At MIT, Hillis began to study Artificial Intelligence under <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a>. In 1981, he proposed building a massively parallel computer for Artificial Intelligence, consisting of a million processors, each similar to a modern Graphics Processing Unit. This work culminated in the design of a massively parallel computer with 64,000 <a href="/wiki/Processor_core" class="mw-redirect" title="Processor core">processor cores</a>. He named it the <a href="/wiki/Connection_Machine" title="Connection Machine">Connection Machine</a>, and it became the topic of his <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a>, for which he received the 1985 <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a> Doctoral Dissertation award.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hillis earned his <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">doctorate</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Hertz_Foundation" title="Hertz Foundation">Hertz Foundation</a> Fellow at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, under the supervision of <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Sussman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Sussman">Gerald Sussman</a>, receiving his PhD in 1988. He later served as an <a href="/wiki/Adjunct_professor" title="Adjunct professor">adjunct professor</a> at the <a href="/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab" title="MIT Media Lab">MIT Media Lab</a>, where he wrote <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pattern_on_the_Stone" title="The Pattern on the Stone">The Pattern on the Stone</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology_career">Technology career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Technology career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hillis has founded a number of technology companies, including <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines Corporation</a>, Applied Minds, <a href="/wiki/Metaweb_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaweb Technologies">Metaweb Technologies</a>, Applied Proteomics,<sup id="cite_ref-appliedproteomics1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appliedproteomics1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Applied Invention.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hillis has over 300 issued <a href="/wiki/Patents" class="mw-redirect" title="Patents">patents</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in fields including parallel computers, touch interfaces, <a href="/wiki/Disk_arrays" class="mw-redirect" title="Disk arrays">disk arrays</a>, forgery prevention methods, electronic and mechanical devices, and bio-medical techniques, <a href="/wiki/RAID" title="RAID">RAID</a> disk arrays, <a href="/wiki/Multicore" class="mw-redirect" title="Multicore">multicore</a> multiprocessors and for <a href="/wiki/Wormhole_routing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wormhole routing">wormhole routing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallel processing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thinking_Machines">Thinking Machines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Thinking Machines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a graduate student at MIT, Hillis co-founded <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines Corporation</a> to produce and market <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallel computers">parallel computers</a>, developing a series of influential products called the <a href="/wiki/Connection_Machine" title="Connection Machine">Connection Machine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time the company produced many of the fastest computers in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Connection Machine was used in demanding computation and data-intensive applications. It was used by the <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Exploration_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanford Exploration Project">Stanford Exploration Project</a> for oil exploration<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and for pioneering <a href="/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining">data mining</a> applications by <a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as many scientific applications at organizations including <a href="/wiki/Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tokyo" title="University of Tokyo">University of Tokyo</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Los_Alamos_National_Laboratory" title="Los Alamos National Laboratory">Los Alamos National Laboratory</a>, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandia_National_Laboratories" title="Sandia National Laboratories">Sandia National Laboratories</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputer_Applications" class="mw-redirect" title="National Center for Supercomputer Applications">National Center for Supercomputer Applications</a>, Army High Performance Computing Research Center, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California Berkeley">University of California Berkeley</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_at_Madison" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin at Madison">University of Wisconsin at Madison</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University" title="Syracuse University">Syracuse University</a>. </p><p>In addition to designing the company's major products, Hillis worked closely with users of his machine, applying it to problems in <a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">astrophysics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_design_process" title="Aircraft design process">aircraft design</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_analysis" title="Financial analysis">financial analysis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">computer graphics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging">medical imaging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Image_understanding" class="mw-redirect" title="Image understanding">image understanding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neurobiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurobiology">neurobiology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">materials science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cryptography</a>, and subatomic physics. </p><p>At Thinking Machines, he built a team of scientists, designers, and engineers, including people in the field as well as those who later became leaders and innovators in multiple industries. The team included <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Sydney Brenner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Richard Feynman</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eric_Lander" title="Eric Lander">Eric Lander</a>. </p><p>Among the users of Thinking Machines computers was <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Sergey Brin</a>, who went on later to found <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a>, who attempted to use a CM-2 to implement a game that he later turned into the novel <a href="/wiki/Snow_Crash" title="Snow Crash">Snow Crash</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disney_Imagineering">Disney Imagineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Disney Imagineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1996, Hillis joined <a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company</a> in the newly created role of Disney Fellow<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as vice president, Research and Development at <a href="/wiki/Disney_Imagineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney Imagineering">Disney Imagineering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He developed new technologies and business strategies for Disney's theme parks, television, motion pictures, and consumer products businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also designed new theme park rides, a full-sized walking dinosaur,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and various micro mechanical devices. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Applied_Minds">Applied Minds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Applied Minds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Metaweb" title="Metaweb">Metaweb</a></div> <p>In 2000, Hillis co-founded the R&D think-tank Applied Minds with his Disney colleague <a href="/wiki/Bran_Ferren" title="Bran Ferren">Bran Ferren</a>. Minds is a team of engineers, scientists, and designers that provide design and technology services for clients. The creative environment and the diverse projects it undertook gained Applied Minds abundant media attention. "It's as if Willy Wonka's chocolate factory just yawned wide to welcome us. Only here, all the candy plugs in," said an article in <a href="/wiki/Wired_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired magazine"><i>Wired</i> magazine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work done at the firm covered the range of industries and application domains, including satellites,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> helicopters,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and educational facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While at Applied Minds, Hillis designed and built a large-scale computer <a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">data center</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Sun_Modular_Datacenter" title="Sun Modular Datacenter">Sun Modular Datacenter</a>) that would fit into a standard 20-foot <a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">shipping container</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> solving, among others, the problems of accommodating processor capacity, cooling, power requirements, and storage<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> within a uniquely portable solution.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Use_plain_English#Buzzwords" title="Wikipedia:Use plain English"><span title="The material near this tag may use buzzwords designed solely to impress you or obscure meaning. (December 2024)">buzzword</span></a></i>]</sup> This type of "datacenter in a box," has now become a common method for building large data centers.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For <a href="/wiki/MillerKnoll" class="mw-redirect" title="MillerKnoll">Herman Miller</a>, Hillis designed an audio privacy solution<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Use_plain_English#Buzzwords" title="Wikipedia:Use plain English"><span title="The material near this tag may use buzzwords designed solely to impress you or obscure meaning. (December 2024)">buzzword</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on <a href="/wiki/Phonetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Phonetic">phonetic</a> jumbling—Babble<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—which was received in the media as a version of the <a href="/wiki/Cone_of_Silence_(device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cone of Silence (device)">Cone of Silence</a>, and was marketed through a new company, Sonare. Also for Herman Miller, Hillis developed a flexible reconfigurable power and lighting system,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was marketed through another new company, <a href="/wiki/Convia" title="Convia">Convia</a>. </p><p>As part of an early <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a> map table interface, Hillis invented and patented the use of multiple touch points to control a zoom interface, which is now called "pinch to zoom.".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of these patents was the basis for the <a href="/wiki/USPTO" class="mw-redirect" title="USPTO">USPTO</a> decision<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to reject <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a>'s claim on a "pinch-to-zoom" patent in its legal dispute with <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, on the grounds that it was described in the Hillis patent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metaweb_Technologies">Metaweb Technologies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Metaweb Technologies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, Hillis and others from Applied Minds founded <a href="/wiki/Metaweb_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaweb Technologies">Metaweb Technologies</a> to develop a <a href="/wiki/Semantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Semantic">semantic</a> <a href="/wiki/Data_storage" title="Data storage">data storage</a> infrastructure<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Freebase_(database)" title="Freebase (database)">Freebase</a>, an open, structured database of the world's knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That company was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its technology became the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Google_Knowledge_Graph" title="Google Knowledge Graph">Google Knowledge Graph</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cancer_research_and_Applied_Proteomics">Cancer research and Applied Proteomics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cancer research and Applied Proteomics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012, Hillis helped to create a research program on cancer and <a href="/wiki/Proteomics" title="Proteomics">proteomics</a> as Professor of Research Medicine at the <a href="/wiki/Keck_School_of_Medicine_of_USC" title="Keck School of Medicine of USC">Keck School of Medicine of USC</a>, and the principal investigator of the <a href="/wiki/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute's</a> Physical Sciences in Oncology Laboratory at USC.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He co-founded Applied Proteomics (API)<sup id="cite_ref-appliedproteomics1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appliedproteomics1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/David_Agus" title="David Agus">David Agus</a> to make <a href="/wiki/Proteomics" title="Proteomics">proteomics</a>-based biomarker discovery practical.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hillis and his colleagues at API developed one of the first protein <a href="/wiki/Biomarker" title="Biomarker">biomarker</a> discovery platforms and a <a href="/wiki/Blood_test" title="Blood test">blood test</a> for early stage <a href="/wiki/Colon_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Colon cancer">colon cancer</a>, but they were unable to convince investors to finance taking their proteomic technology to the market.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hillis has academic appointments as the Judge Widney Professor of Engineering and Medicine at the University of Southern California,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor of Research Medicine at the <a href="/wiki/Keck_School_of_Medicine_of_USC" title="Keck School of Medicine of USC">Keck School of Medicine of USC</a>, and research professor of engineering at the <a href="/wiki/USC_Viterbi_School_of_Engineering" title="USC Viterbi School of Engineering">USC Viterbi School of Engineering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the first principal investigator of the <a href="/wiki/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute's</a> Physical Sciences in Oncology Laboratory at USC.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Applied_Invention">Applied Invention</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Applied Invention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, Hillis co-founded Applied Invention, an <a href="/wiki/Interdisciplinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Interdisciplinary">interdisciplinary</a> group of engineers, scientists, and artists. Applied Invention develops technology solutions<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Use_plain_English#Buzzwords" title="Wikipedia:Use plain English"><span title="The material near this tag may use buzzwords designed solely to impress you or obscure meaning. (December 2024)">buzzword</span></a></i>]</sup> in partnership with other companies and <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Entrepreneurs">entrepreneurs</a>. </p><p>Applied Invention co-founded Dark Sky,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasting" title="Weather forecasting">weather forecasting</a> technology company with consumer web and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_applications" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile applications">mobile applications</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that was eventually sold to Apple.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Pattern_on_the_Stone"><i>The Pattern on the Stone</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The Pattern on the Stone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Pattern_on_the_Stone:_The_Simple_Ideas_That_Make_Computers_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="The Pattern on the Stone: The Simple Ideas That Make Computers Work">The Pattern on the Stone: The Simple Ideas That Make Computers Work</a></div> <p>Hillis' 1998 <a href="/wiki/Popular_science" title="Popular science">popular science</a> book <i>The Pattern on the Stone</i> attempts to explain concepts from <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> for laymen using simple language, metaphor and analogy. It moves from <a href="/wiki/Boolean_algebra_(logic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boolean algebra (logic)">Boolean algebra</a> through topics such as <a href="/wiki/Information_theory" title="Information theory">information theory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallel computing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cryptography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heuristic" title="Heuristic">heuristics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turing_machine" title="Turing machine">Turing machines</a>, and evolving technologies such as <a href="/wiki/Quantum_computing" title="Quantum computing">quantum computing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emergence" title="Emergence">emergent systems</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Long_Now_Foundation">The Long Now Foundation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The Long Now Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1986, Hillis expressed alarm that society had what he called a "mental barrier" of looking at the year 2000 as the limit of the future.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He proposed a project to build a mechanical clock that would last 10,000 years. This project became the initial project of <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Now_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Long Now Foundation">The Long Now Foundation</a>, which he co-founded with <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Brand" title="Stewart Brand">Stewart Brand</a> and where he serves as co-chairman. A prototype of the <a href="/wiki/Clock_of_the_Long_Now" title="Clock of the Long Now">Clock of the Long Now</a> is on display at the <a href="/wiki/London_Science_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="London Science Museum">London Science Museum</a>. A full-scale mechanical clock is being installed at a site inside a mountain in western Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hillis is the recipient of the inaugural <a href="/wiki/Dan_David_Prize" title="Dan David Prize">Dan David Prize</a> for shaping and enriching society and public life in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 1991 Spirit of American Creativity Award for his inventions,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 1989 <a href="/wiki/Grace_Murray_Hopper_Award" title="Grace Murray Hopper Award">Grace Murray Hopper Award</a> for his contributions to computer science,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 1988 Ramanujan Award for his work in applied mathematics. </p><p>Hillis is a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fellow of the <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fellow of the <a href="/wiki/International_Leadership_Forum" title="International Leadership Forum">International Leadership Forum</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences">Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030130637/https://www.longnowboston.org/?p=61">"Picnic at Danny Hillis & Taylor Milsal's home"</a>. <i>Long Now Boston</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longnowboston.org/?p=61">the original</a> on October 30, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Daniel Hillis"</a>. <i>NAE Website</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190401031057/https://www.nae.edu/MembersSection/MemberDirectory/30324.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on April 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Daniel Hillis"</a>. <i>American Academy of Arts & Sciences</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729054539/https://www.amacad.org/person/w-daniel-hillis">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Academy+of+Arts+%26+Sciences&rft.atitle=W.+Daniel+Hillis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fperson%2Fw-daniel-hillis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanny+Hillis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danny_Hillis&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Goertzel" title="Ben Goertzel">Ben Goertzel</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goertzel.org/benzine/Hillis.htm">"Danny Hillis, Pragmatic Visionary"</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Danny_Hillis" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Danny Hillis">Danny Hillis</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:W._Daniel_Hillis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:W. 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hopper_winners" title="Template:Hopper winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hopper_winners" title="Template talk:Hopper winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hopper_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hopper winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grace_Murray_Hopper_Award_recipients40" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grace_Murray_Hopper_Award" title="Grace Murray Hopper Award">Grace Murray Hopper Award</a> recipients</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Knuth</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Dirksen" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul H. Dirksen">Dirksen</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Cress" title="Paul H. Cress">Cress</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_M._Breed" title="Lawrence M. Breed">Breed</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Lathwell" title="Richard H. Lathwell">Lathwell</a>/<a href="/wiki/Roger_Moore_(computer_scientist)" title="Roger Moore (computer scientist)">Moore</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_N._Baird" title="George N. Baird">Baird</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allan_L._Scherr" title="Allan L. Scherr">Scherr</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Shortliffe" title="Edward H. Shortliffe">Shortliffe</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kurzweil" title="Ray Kurzweil">Kurzweil</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Wozniak" title="Steve Wozniak">Wozniak</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Metcalfe</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_S._Bricklin" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel S. Bricklin">Bricklin</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Reid_(computer_scientist)" title="Brian Reid (computer scientist)">Reid</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Ingalls" title="Dan Ingalls">Ingalls</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Green" title="Cordell Green">Green</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Joy</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ousterhout" title="John Ousterhout">Ousterhout</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Steele_Jr." title="Guy L. Steele Jr.">Steele</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hillis</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Stallman</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feng-hsiung_Hsu" title="Feng-hsiung Hsu">Hsu</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bjarne_Stroustrup" title="Bjarne Stroustrup">Stroustrup</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shafi_Goldwasser" title="Shafi Goldwasser">Goldwasser</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wen-mei_Hwu" title="Wen-mei Hwu">Hwu</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Kavraki" title="Lydia Kavraki">Kavraki</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Necula" title="George Necula">Necula</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishnan_Srikant" title="Ramakrishnan Srikant">Srikant</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_W._Keckler" title="Stephen W. Keckler">Keckler</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Rexford" title="Jennifer Rexford">Rexford</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Omer_Reingold" title="Omer Reingold">Reingold</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Klein" title="Dan Klein">Klein</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vern_Paxson" title="Vern Paxson">Paxson</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dawson_Engler" title="Dawson Engler">Engler</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roughgarden" title="Tim Roughgarden">Roughgarden</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Gentry_(computer_scientist)" title="Craig Gentry (computer scientist)">Gentry</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_von_Ahn" title="Luis von Ahn">Ahn</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Casado" title="Martin Casado">Casado</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dina_Katabi" title="Dina Katabi">Katabi</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Felipe_Felzenszwalb" title="Pedro Felipe Felzenszwalb">Felzenszwalb</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Ratnasamy" title="Sylvia Ratnasamy">Ratnasamy</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brent_Waters" title="Brent Waters">Waters</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Heer" title="Jeffrey Heer">Heer</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Randles" title="Amanda Randles">Randles</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Constantinos_Daskalakis" title="Constantinos Daskalakis">Daskalakis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Freedman" title="Michael J. Freedman">Freedman</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria-Florina_Balcan" title="Maria-Florina Balcan">Balcan</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shyamnath_Gollakota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shyamnath Gollakota (page does not exist)">Gollakota</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raluca_Ada_Popa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raluca Ada Popa (page does not exist)">Popa</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Alizadeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammad Alizadeh (page does not exist)">Alizadeh</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prateek_Mittal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prateek Mittal (page does not exist)">Mittal</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92942#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2800" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92942#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2800" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92942#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109650075">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/37808288">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/155610/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdGK8HbKVG3y8kGyHtqcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122764838">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85041600">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12107932d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12107932d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00468368">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk2003175439&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1191750">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068998503">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90177632">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200701600">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqstztx2dvdd97">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810595240005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007422561305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0020833X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=61064">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/profile/81100533818">Association for Computing Machinery</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005628854">Scopus</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/19/28">DBLP</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/356982">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500463867">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/68329">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029455685">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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