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differentiation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: differentiation"> <meta name="keywords" content="differentiation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="differentiation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 506</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: differentiation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">506</span> Differentiation: A Risky Route To An Inclusive Reality </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20C.%20Ryan">Marie C. Ryan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current paper seeks to reconsider differentiation in order to establish whether differentiation has succeeded in its benevolent aim to support individual needs through teaching adaptations or whether paradoxically our attention to differentiation has served to exclude and marginalise. This paper does not deny variation in learner needs and accepts that inclusion requires teachers to adapt and modify curricular content; rather it seeks to examine whether differentiation as it is conceptualised and implemented is fit for purpose when it comes to adapting teaching in view of learner differences. The paper will also explore an alternative approach to supporting learner differences through teaching modifications which may offer a safer path to an inclusive educational reality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title="inclusion">inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20education" title=" special education"> special education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20design%20for%20learning" title=" universal design for learning"> universal design for learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22689/differentiation-a-risky-route-to-an-inclusive-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">505</span> Linking Metabolism, Pluripotency and Epigenetic Changes during Early Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arieh%20Moussaieff">Arieh Moussaieff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dicte%20Elena-Herrmann"> Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaakov%20Nahmias"> Yaakov Nahmias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Aberdam"> Daniel Aberdam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is a slow process, marked by the gradual loss of pluripotency factors over days in culture. While the first few days of differentiation show minor changes in the cellular transcriptome, intracellular signaling pathways remain largely unknown. Recently, several groups demonstrated that the metabolism of pluripotent mouse and human cells is different from that of somatic cells, showing a marked increase in glycolysis previously identified in cancer as the Warburg effect. Here, we sought to identify the earliest metabolic changes induced at the first hours of differentiation. High-resolution NMR analysis identified 35 metabolites and a distinct, gradual transition in metabolism during early differentiation. Metabolic and transcriptional analyses showed the induction of glycolysis toward acetate and acetyl-coA in pluripotent cells, and an increase in cholesterol biosynthesis during early differentiation. Importantly, this metabolic pathway regulated differentiation of human and mouse embryonic stem cells. Acetate delayed differentiation preventing differentiation-induced histone de-acetylation in a dose-dependent manner. Glycolytic inhibitors upstream of acetate caused differentiation of pluripotent cells, while those downstream delayed differentiation. Our data suggests that a rapid loss of glycolysis in early differentiation down-regulates acetate and acetyl-coA production, causing a loss of histone acetylation and concomitant loss of pluripotency. It demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells utilize a novel metabolism pathway to maintain pluripotency through acetate/acetyl-coA and highlights the important role metabolism plays in pluripotency and early differentiation of stem cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pluripotency" title="pluripotency">pluripotency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolomics" title=" metabolomics"> metabolomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigenetics" title=" epigenetics"> epigenetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetyl-coA" title=" acetyl-coA"> acetyl-coA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26521/linking-metabolism-pluripotency-and-epigenetic-changes-during-early-differentiation-of-embryonic-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">504</span> Relationships among Parentification, Self-Differentiation, and Ambivalence over Emotional Expression for Children of Migratory Families</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan-Chun%20Chang">Wan-Chun Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Jung%20Lee"> Yi-Jung Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to cultural factors, expressing emotions may not be encouraged in collectivist cultures, which emphasize the needs of the group over the needs of the individual. This phenomenon is more prominent for children of migratory families. Due to the absence of one parent, children were often parentified by adults, which then impacted on their self-differentiation process. It made them more difficult to express their needs and emotions freely and openly. This study aimed to investigate the meditation effect of self-differentiation between parentification, and ambivalence over emotional expression for children of migratory families in Taiwan. Participants included 460 (326 females, 134 males) Taiwanese adults (age 18-25 years). The data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The questionnaire included informed consent form, 'Filial Responsibility Scale-Adult', 'Chinese version of the Differentiation of Self Inventory', 'Ambivalence over Emotion Expressiveness Questionnaire', and the demographic sheet. Results indicated that self-differentiation mediated the relationship between parentified experience and ambivalence over emotional expression. In other words, parentified experience itself does not have the power to affect ambivalence over emotional expression. Only by affecting self-differentiation can it make an actual difference. The results were as expected and confirmed the hypothesis. Implications for clinical practice, research, and training were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambivalence%20over%20emotional%20expression" title="ambivalence over emotional expression">ambivalence over emotional expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20of%20migratory%20families" title=" children of migratory families"> children of migratory families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parentification" title=" parentification"> parentification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-differentiation" title=" self-differentiation"> self-differentiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128589/relationships-among-parentification-self-differentiation-and-ambivalence-over-emotional-expression-for-children-of-migratory-families" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">503</span> The Inhibitory Effect of Weissella koreensis 521 Isolated from Kimchi on 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyungbae%20Pi">Kyungbae Pi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kibeom%20Lee"> Kibeom Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongil%20Kim"> Yongil Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Jung%20Lee"> Eun-Jung Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abnormal adipocyte growth, in terms of increased cell numbers and increased cell differentiation, is considered to be a major pathological feature of obesity. Thus, the inhibition of preadipocyte mitogenesis and differentiation could help prevent and suppress obesity. The aim of this study was to assess whether extracts from Weissella koreensis 521 cells isolated from kimchi could exert anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 cells (fat cells). Differentiating 3T3-L1 cells were treated with W. koreensis 521 cell extracts (W. koreensis 521_CE), and cell viability was assessed by MTT assays. At concentrations below 0.2 mg/ml, W. koreensis 521_CE did not exert any cytotoxic effect in 3T3-L1 cells. However, treatment with W. koreensis 521_CE significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation, as assessed by morphological analysis and Oil Red O staining of fat. W. koreensis 521_CE treatment (0.2 mg/ml) also reduced lipid accumulation by 24% in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings collectively indicate that Weissella koreensis 521 may help prevent obesity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weissella%20koreensis%20521" title="Weissella koreensis 521">Weissella koreensis 521</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3T3-L1%20cells" title=" 3T3-L1 cells"> 3T3-L1 cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipocyte%20differentiation" title=" adipocyte differentiation"> adipocyte differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2455/the-inhibitory-effect-of-weissella-koreensis-521-isolated-from-kimchi-on-3t3-l1-adipocyte-differentiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">502</span> The Importance of Training in Supply Chain Management on Personnel Differentiation and Business Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arawati%20Agus">Arawati Agus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmah%20Ismail"> Rahmah Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An effective training has been increasingly recognized as critical factors in enhancing the skills and knowledge of employee or personnel in the organization. More and more manufacturing companies in Malaysia are increasingly incorporating training as an important element in supply chain management (SCM) to improve their employee skills and knowledge and ultimately organizational performances. In order to understand the connection of training in SCM and the performance of an organization, this paper considers of many arguments from various research papers. This paper presents the findings of a research which examines the relationship between training in SCM, personnel differentiation and business performance of manufacturing companies in Malaysia. The study measures perception of senior management regarding the incorporation of training in SCM and the level of personnel differentiation and business performance measurements in their companies. The associations between training in SCM, personnel differentiation and business performance dimensions are analyzed through methods such as Pearson’s correlations and Smart partial least squares (smart PLS) using 126 respondents’ data. The correlation results demonstrate that training in SCM has significant correlations with personnel differentiation determinants (comprises of variables namely employee differentiation and service differentiation). The findings also suggest that training in SCM has significant correlations with business performance determinants (comprises of indicators, namely market share, profitability, ROA and ROS). Specifically, both personnel differentiation and business performance have high correlations with training in SCM, namely ‘Employee training on production skills’, ‘On the job production employee training’ and ‘Management training on supply chain effectiveness’ and ‘Employee training on supply chain technologies’. The smart PLS result also reveals that training in SCM exhibits significant impact on both personnel differentiation (directly) and business performance (indirectly mediated by personnel differentiation). The findings of the study provide a demonstration of the importance of training in SCM in enhancing competitive performances in Malaysian manufacturing companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20in%20SCM" title="training in SCM">training in SCM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel%20differentiation" title=" personnel differentiation"> personnel differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20performance" title=" business performance"> business performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pearson%E2%80%99s%20correlation" title=" Pearson’s correlation"> Pearson’s correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smart%20PLS" title=" Smart PLS"> Smart PLS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19837/the-importance-of-training-in-supply-chain-management-on-personnel-differentiation-and-business-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">501</span> Preparation of Natural Polymeric Scaffold with Desired Pore Morphology for Stem Cell Differentiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojdeh%20Mohseni">Mojdeh Mohseni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the context of tissue engineering, the effect of microtopography as afforded by scaffold morphology is an important design parameter. Since the morphology of pores can effect on cell behavior, in this study, porous Chitosan (CHIT) - Gelatin (GEL)- Alginate (ALG) scaffolds with microtubule orientation structure were manufactured by unidirectional freeze-drying method and the effect of pore morphology on differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) was investigated. This study showed that, the provided scaffold with natural polymer had good properties for cell behavior and the pores with highest orientation rate have produced appropriate substrate for the differentiation of stem cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chitosan" title="Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatin" title=" gelatin"> gelatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alginate" title=" Alginate"> Alginate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pore%20morphology" title=" pore morphology"> pore morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cell%20differentiation" title=" stem cell differentiation"> stem cell differentiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15601/preparation-of-natural-polymeric-scaffold-with-desired-pore-morphology-for-stem-cell-differentiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">500</span> The Lasting Impact of Parental Conflict on Self-Differentiation of Young Adult OffspringThe Lasting Impact of Parental Conflict on Self-Differentiation of Young Adult Offspring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Benedetto">A. Benedetto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Wong"> P. Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Papouchis"> N. Papouchis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20W.%20Samstag"> L. W. Samstag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bowen’s concept of self-differentiation describes a healthy balance of autonomy and intimacy in close relationships, and it has been widely researched in the context of family dynamics. The current study aimed to clarify the impact of family dysfunction on self-differentiation by specifically examining conflict between parents, and by including young adults, an underexamined age group in this domain (N = 300; ages 18 to 30). It also identified a protective factor for offspring from conflictual homes. The 300 young adults (recruited online through Mechanical Turk) completed the Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI), the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Analyses revealed that interparental conflict significantly impairs self-differentiation among young adult offspring. Specifically, exposure to parental conflict showed a negative impact on young adults’ sense of self, emotional reactivity, and interpersonal cutoff in the context of close relationships. Parental conflict was also related to increased psychological distress among offspring. Surprisingly, the study found that parental divorce does not impair self-differentiation in offspring, demonstrating the distinctly harmful impact of conflict. These results clarify a unique type of family dysfunction that impairs self-differentiation, specifically in distinguishing it from parental divorce; it examines young adults, a critical age group not previously examined in this domain; and it identifies a moderating protective factor (a strong parent-child bond) for offspring exposed to conflict. Overall, results suggest the need for modifications in parental behavior in order to protect offspring at risk of lasting emotional and interpersonal damage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divorce" title="divorce">divorce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20dysfunction" title=" family dysfunction"> family dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20conflict" title=" parental conflict"> parental conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent-child%20bond" title=" parent-child bond"> parent-child bond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationships" title=" relationships"> relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-differentiation" title=" self-differentiation"> self-differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20adults" title=" young adults"> young adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112073/the-lasting-impact-of-parental-conflict-on-self-differentiation-of-young-adult-offspringthe-lasting-impact-of-parental-conflict-on-self-differentiation-of-young-adult-offspring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">499</span> Couple Relationship Satisfaction: The Role of Recollection of Parental Acceptance, Self-Differentiation and Spousal Caregiving</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricky%20Finzi-Dottan">Ricky Finzi-Dottan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) was employed in this study to investigate the mediating effect self-differentiation and spousal caregiving have on the relationship between recollection of parental care and acceptance and couple satisfaction. One hundred and forty-four non-clinical couples (N=288) in enduring relationships were recruited. Results for actor effects revealed two mediating paths whereby, among both partners, recollection of maternal (but not paternal) acceptance was associated with their self-differentiation and responsive spousal caregiving, which, in turn, were linked to their spousal relationship satisfaction. Partner effects revealed three mediating paths: for both partners, recollection of childhood maternal acceptance was associated with responsive caregiving, which, in turn, was linked with their partner’s relationship satisfaction. Interestingly, the husbands’ recollection of maternal acceptance was associated with their partners' responsive spousal caregiving, which was linked to both spouses’ relationship satisfaction. Our results may support the theoretical assumptions regarding intergenerational continuity from perceptions of childhood via self-differentiation effecting couple caregiving to couple relationship, but only on the mother's part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=couple%20relationship%20satisfaction" title="couple relationship satisfaction">couple relationship satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=childhood%20parental%20acceptance" title=" childhood parental acceptance"> childhood parental acceptance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-differentiation" title=" self-differentiation"> self-differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=couple%20caregiving" title=" couple caregiving"> couple caregiving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyadic%20perspective" title=" dyadic perspective"> dyadic perspective</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129481/couple-relationship-satisfaction-the-role-of-recollection-of-parental-acceptance-self-differentiation-and-spousal-caregiving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">498</span> Identification of Genes Regulating Differentiation and Stemness of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Gene Therapy in Regenerative Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tong%20Ming%20Liu">Tong Ming Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent the most used stem cells for clinical application, which have been used in over 1000 clinical trials to treat over 30 diseases due to multilineage differentiation potential, secretome and immunosuppression. Gene therapies of MSCs hold great promise in the treatment of many diseases due to enhanced MSC-based clinical outcomes. To identify genes for gene therapy of MSCs, by comparing gene expression profile before and after MSC differentiation following by functional screening, we have identified ZNF145 that regulated MSC differentiation. Forced expression of ZNF145 resulted in enhanced in vitro chondrogenesis of MSCs as an upstream factor of SOX9 and improved osteochondral repair upon implant into osteochondral defects in rodents. By comparing gene expression profile during differentiation of iPSCs toward MSCs, we also identified gene HOX regulating MSC stemness, which was much downregulated in late-passaged MSCs. Knockdown of this gene greatly compromised MSC stemness including abolished proliferation, decreased CFU-F, promoted senescence and reduced expression of cell surface antigens linked to the MSC phenotype. In addition, multi-linage differentiation was also greatly impaired. Notably, HOX overexpression resulted in improved multi-lineage differentiation. In the mechanism, HOX expression significantly deceased in late passage of MSCs compared with early passage of MSCs, correlating with MSC important genes. ChIP-seq data shown that HOX binds to genes related to MSC self-renewal and differentiation. Most importantly, most HOX binding sites are lost in late passage of MSCs. HOX exerts its effects by directing binding Twist1, one important gene of MSCs. The identification of the genes regulating MSC differentiation and stemness will provide and promising strategies for gene therapy of MSCs in regenerative medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cell" title="mesenchymal stem cell">mesenchymal stem cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20transcription%20factor" title=" novel transcription factor"> novel transcription factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stemness" title=" stemness"> stemness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20therapy" title=" gene therapy"> gene therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartilage%20repair" title=" cartilage repair"> cartilage repair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signaling%20pathway" title=" signaling pathway"> signaling pathway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181981/identification-of-genes-regulating-differentiation-and-stemness-of-human-mesenchymal-stem-cells-for-gene-therapy-in-regenerative-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">497</span> Enquiry Based Approaches to Teaching Grammar and Differentiation in the Senior Japanese Classroom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20Devine">Julie Devine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This presentation will look at the approaches to teaching grammar taken over two years with students studying Japanese in the last two years of high school. The main focus is an enquiry based approach to grammar introduction and a three tier system using videos and online support material to allow for differentiation and personalised learning in the classroom. The aim is to create space for motivated students to do some higher order activities using the target pattern to solve problems and create scenarios. Less motivated students have time to complete basic exercises and struggling students have some time with the teacher in smaller groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title="differentiation">differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20technologies" title=" digital technologies"> digital technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalised%20learning%20plans" title=" personalised learning plans"> personalised learning plans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20engagement" title=" student engagement"> student engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78724/enquiry-based-approaches-to-teaching-grammar-and-differentiation-in-the-senior-japanese-classroom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">496</span> Deep Learning Approach for Colorectal Cancer’s Automatic Tumor Grading on Whole Slide Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shenlun%20Chen">Shenlun Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonard%20Wee"> Leonard Wee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tumor grading is an essential reference for colorectal cancer (CRC) staging and survival prognostication. The widely used World Health Organization (WHO) grading system defines histological grade of CRC adenocarcinoma based on the density of glandular formation on whole slide images (WSI). Tumors are classified as well-, moderately-, poorly- or un-differentiated depending on the percentage of the tumor that is gland forming; >95%, 50-95%, 5-50% and <5%, respectively. However, manually grading WSIs is a time-consuming process and can cause observer error due to subjective judgment and unnoticed regions. Furthermore, pathologists’ grading is usually coarse while a finer and continuous differentiation grade may help to stratifying CRC patients better. In this study, a deep learning based automatic differentiation grading algorithm was developed and evaluated by survival analysis. Firstly, a gland segmentation model was developed for segmenting gland structures. Gland regions of WSIs were delineated and used for differentiation annotating. Tumor regions were annotated by experienced pathologists into high-, medium-, low-differentiation and normal tissue, which correspond to tumor with clear-, unclear-, no-gland structure and non-tumor, respectively. Then a differentiation prediction model was developed on these human annotations. Finally, all enrolled WSIs were processed by gland segmentation model and differentiation prediction model. The differentiation grade can be calculated by deep learning models’ prediction of tumor regions and tumor differentiation status according to WHO’s defines. If multiple WSIs were possessed by a patient, the highest differentiation grade was chosen. Additionally, the differentiation grade was normalized into scale between 0 to 1. The Cancer Genome Atlas, project COAD (TCGA-COAD) project was enrolled into this study. For the gland segmentation model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) reached 0.981 and accuracy reached 0.932 in validation set. For the differentiation prediction model, ROC reached 0.983, 0.963, 0.963, 0.981 and accuracy reached 0.880, 0.923, 0.668, 0.881 for groups of low-, medium-, high-differentiation and normal tissue in validation set. Four hundred and one patients were selected after removing WSIs without gland regions and patients without follow up data. The concordance index reached to 0.609. Optimized cut off point of 51% was found by “Maxstat” method which was almost the same as WHO system’s cut off point of 50%. Both WHO system’s cut off point and optimized cut off point performed impressively in Kaplan-Meier curves and both p value of logrank test were below 0.005. In this study, gland structure of WSIs and differentiation status of tumor regions were proven to be predictable through deep leaning method. A finer and continuous differentiation grade can also be automatically calculated through above models. The differentiation grade was proven to stratify CAC patients well in survival analysis, whose optimized cut off point was almost the same as WHO tumor grading system. The tool of automatically calculating differentiation grade may show potential in field of therapy decision making and personalized treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title="colorectal cancer">colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20analysis" title=" survival analysis"> survival analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20grading" title=" tumor grading"> tumor grading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136085/deep-learning-approach-for-colorectal-cancers-automatic-tumor-grading-on-whole-slide-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">495</span> Plasma Treatment in Conjunction with EGM-2 Medium Can Enhance Endothelial and Osteogenic Marker Expressions of Bone Marrow MSCs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Hsin%20Lin">Chih-Hsin Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyh-Yuan%20Lee"> Shyh-Yuan Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Min%20Lin"> Yuan-Min Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For many tissue engineering applications, an important goal is to create functional tissues in-vitro, and such tissues to be viable, they have to be vascularized. Endothelial cells (EC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are promising candidates for vascularization. However, both of them have limited expansion capacity and autologous cells currently do not exist for either ECs or EPCs. Therefore, we use bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as a source material for ECs. Growth supplements are commonly used to induce MSC differentiation, and further improvements in differentiation conditions can be made by modifying the cell's growth environment. An example is pre-treatment of the growth dish with gas plasma, in order to modify the surface functional groups of the material that the cells are seeded on. In this work, we compare the effects of different gas plasmas on the growth and differentiation of MSCs. We treat the dish with different plasmas (CO2, N2, and O2) and then induce MSC differentiation with endothelial growth medium-2 (EGM-2). We find that EGM-2 by itself upregulates EC marker CD31 mRNA expression, but not VEGFR2, CD34, or vWF. However, these additional EC marker expressions were increased for cells seeded on plasma treated substrates. Specifically, for EC markers, we found that N2 plasma treatment upregulated CD31 and VEGFR-2 mRNA expressions; CO2 plasma treatment upregulated CD34 and vWF mRNA expressions. The osteogenic markers ALP and osteopontin mRNA expressions were markedly enhanced on all plasma-treated dishes. We also found that plasma treatment in conjunction with EGM-2 growth medium can enhance MSCs differentiation into endothelial-like cells and osteogenic-like cells. Our work shows that the effect of the growth medium (EGM-2) on MSCs differentiation is influenced by the plasma modified surface chemistry of the substrate. In conclusion, plasma surface modification can enhance EGM-2 effectiveness and induced both endothelial and osteogenic differentiation. Our findings provide a method to enhance EGM-2 based cell differentiation, with consequences for tissue engineering and stem cell biology applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endothelial%20differentiation" title="endothelial differentiation">endothelial differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGM-2" title=" EGM-2"> EGM-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteogenesis" title=" osteogenesis"> osteogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20treatment" title=" plasma treatment"> plasma treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20modification" title=" surface modification"> surface modification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41775/plasma-treatment-in-conjunction-with-egm-2-medium-can-enhance-endothelial-and-osteogenic-marker-expressions-of-bone-marrow-mscs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">494</span> Conformity and Differentiation in CSR Practices on Capital Market Performance: Empirical Evidence from Stock Liquidity and Price Crash Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Zhang">Jie Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaomin%20Zhang"> Chaomin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihua%20Zhang"> Jihua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitong%20Li"> Haitong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using the theory of optimal distinctiveness, this study examines the effects of conformity and differentiation within corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices on capital market performance. Analysing data from Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2022, this paper demonstrates that when firms conform to the expected scope of CSR, such behaviour enhances investor attention and market acceptance, thereby boosting stock liquidity. Conversely, emphasising differentiation in CSR practices more effectively mitigates stock price crash risk by addressing principal–agent problems and decreasing information asymmetry. This paper also investigates how organisational and environmental factors moderate the relationship between conformity and differentiation in CSR practices and their impact on capital market performance. The results also show that the influence of conformity on stock liquidity is accentuated in smaller firms and environments with stringent legal oversight. By contrast, the benefits of differentiation in reducing stock price crash risk are amplified in firms with robust corporate governance and markets characterised by high uncertainty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibility" title="corporate social responsibility">corporate social responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20responsibility%20practices" title=" social responsibility practices"> social responsibility practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20market%20performance" title=" capital market performance"> capital market performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20distinctiveness" title=" optimal distinctiveness"> optimal distinctiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192548/conformity-and-differentiation-in-csr-practices-on-capital-market-performance-empirical-evidence-from-stock-liquidity-and-price-crash-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">493</span> On the Derivation of Variable Step BBDF for Solving Second Order Stiff ODEs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20M.%20Yatim">S. A. M. Yatim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20B.%20Ibrahim"> Z. B. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20I.%20Othman"> K. I. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Suleiman"> M. Suleiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The method of solving second order stiff ordinary differential equation (ODEs) that is based on backward differentiation formula (BDF) is considered in this paper. We derived the method by increasing the order of the existing method using an improved strategy in choosing the step size. Numerical results are presented to compare the efficiency of the proposed method to the MATLAB’s suite of ODEs solvers namely ode15s and ode23s. The method was found to be efficient to solve second order ordinary differential equation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backward%20differentiation%20formulae" title="backward differentiation formulae">backward differentiation formulae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20backward%20differentiation%20formulae" title=" block backward differentiation formulae"> block backward differentiation formulae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiff%20ordinary%20differential%20equation" title=" stiff ordinary differential equation"> stiff ordinary differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20step%20size" title=" variable step size"> variable step size</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13370/on-the-derivation-of-variable-step-bbdf-for-solving-second-order-stiff-odes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">492</span> Sema4D/Plexin-B1 Signaling Regulates Osteo/Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ting%20Zou">Ting Zou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengfei%20Zhang"> Chengfei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D)/Plexin-B1 signaling on osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and uncover its molecular mechanism. Methods: DPSCs were cultured in osteo/odontogenic medium. After treatment with Sema4D (10μg/mL), osteo/odontogenic differentiation and mineralization was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining respectively. The expression of osteo/odontogenic genes (ALP, Col1A1, BSP, and Runx2) was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. p-Plexin-B1, Plexin-B1, Col1A1, RhoA, and ErbB2 were analyzed by western. Results: ALP activity and mineralization formation of DPSCs were significantly decreased after treatment with Sema4D (P<0.05). Sema4D significantly down-regulated osteo/odontogenic-related genes expression (ALP, Col1A1, BSP, and Runx2). p-Plexin-B1, Plexin-B1 and RhoA protein expression levels increased after stimulated with Sema4D, while the expression of Col1A1 decreased. Pretreatment with Plexin-B1 antibody blocked Sema4D induced p-Plexin-B1 expression. Conclusion: Sema4D suppressed osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs via RhoA-mediated pathways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sema4D%2FPlexin-B1" title="Sema4D/Plexin-B1">Sema4D/Plexin-B1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20pulp%20stem%20cells" title=" dental pulp stem cells"> dental pulp stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteo%2Fodontogenic%20differentiation" title=" osteo/odontogenic differentiation"> osteo/odontogenic differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaline%20phosphatase%20%28ALP%29" title=" alkaline phosphatase (ALP)"> alkaline phosphatase (ALP)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46872/sema4dplexin-b1-signaling-regulates-osteoodontogenic-differentiation-of-dental-pulp-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">491</span> The Influence of Alginate Microspheres Modified with DAT on the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of ASCs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Yi%20Mao">Shin-Yi Mao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiashing%20Yu"> Jiashing Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) has received lots of attention as biological scaffolds recently. DAT that extracted from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of adipose tissues holds great promise as a xenogeneic biomaterial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In our study, 2-D DATsol film was fabricated to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of ASCs in vitro. DAT was also used to modify alginate for improvement of cell adhesion. Alginate microspheres modified with DAT were prepared by Nisco. These microspheres could provide a highly supportive 3-D environment for ASCs. In our works, ASCs were immobilized in alginate microspheres modified with DAT to promoted cell adhesion and adipogenic differentiation. Accordingly, we hypothesize that tissue regeneration in vivo could be promoted with the aid of modified microspheres in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20stem%20cells" title="adipose stem cells">adipose stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decellularize%20adipose%20tissue" title=" decellularize adipose tissue"> decellularize adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alginate" title=" Alginate"> Alginate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcarries" title=" microcarries"> microcarries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276/the-influence-of-alginate-microspheres-modified-with-dat-on-the-proliferation-and-adipogenic-differentiation-of-ascs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">490</span> A Novel Co-Culture System for the Cementoblastic Differentiation of SHED</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Farea">Manal Farea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Husein"> Adam Husein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20S.%20Halim"> Ahmad S. Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zurairah%20Berahim"> Zurairah Berahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20A.%20Abdullah"> Nurul A. Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairani%20I.%20Mokhtar"> Khairani I. Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasmawati%20Mokhtar"> Kasmawati Mokhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endodontic furcal perforation remains both an endodontic and a periodontal problem. Regeneration of cementum is very essential for the perforation repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells on the cementogenic differentiation of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in the presence of chitosan scaffold-TGFβ1. HERS cells were isolated and characterized then co-cultured with SHED with/without chitosan scaffold-TGFβ1. SHED proliferation was assessed by PrestoBlue. Alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization behaviour and gene/protein expression of cemento/osteoblast phenotype of SHED were evaluated. Results of the present study showed that HERS cells in association with chitosan-TGFβ1 enhanced proliferation and cemento/osteogenic differentiation of SHED. Our novel co-culture system confirmed the potential effect of HERS cells to stimulate the differentiation of SHED along the cementoblastic lineage which was triggered in the presence of chitosan-TGFβ1. This approach possesses a novel therapeutic strategy for future endodontic perforation and periodontitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cementogenesis" title="cementogenesis">cementogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-culture%20system" title=" co-culture system"> co-culture system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HERS" title=" HERS"> HERS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SHED" title=" SHED"> SHED</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34836/a-novel-co-culture-system-for-the-cementoblastic-differentiation-of-shed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">489</span> On the Differentiation of Strategic Spatial Planning Making Mechanisms in New Era: between Melbourne and Tianjin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Liu">Z. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Cao"> K. Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strategic spatial planning, which is taken as an effective and competitive way for the governors of the city to improve the development and management level of a city, has been blooming in recent years all over the world. In the context of globalization and informatization, strategic spatial planning must transfer its focus on three different levels: global, regional and urban. Internal and external changes in environmental conditions lead to new advances in strategic planning both theoretically and practically. However, such advances or changes respond differently to cities on account of different dynamic mechanisms. This article aims at two cities of Tianjin in China and Melbourne in Australia, through a comparative study on strategic planning, to explore the differentiation of mechanisms in urban planning making. By comparison and exploration, the purpose of this article is to exhibit two different planning worlds between western and Chinese in a new way nowadays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title="differentiation">differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianjin%20China" title=" Tianjin China"> Tianjin China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melbourne%20Australia" title=" Melbourne Australia"> Melbourne Australia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7791/on-the-differentiation-of-strategic-spatial-planning-making-mechanisms-in-new-era-between-melbourne-and-tianjin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">620</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">488</span> Oxidative Damage to Lipids, Proteins, and DNA during Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord into Biologically Active Hepatocytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolamir%20Allameh">Abdolamir Allameh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahnaz%20Esmaeili"> Shahnaz Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mina%20Allameh"> Mina Allameh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safoura%20Khajeniazi"> Safoura Khajeniazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stem cells with therapeutic applications can be isolated from human placenta/umblical cord blood (UCB) as well as the cord tissue (UC). Stem cells in culture are vulnerable to oxidative stress, particularly when subjected to differentiation process. The aim of this study was to examine the chnages in the rate of oxidation that occurs to cellular macromolecules during hepatic differentiation of mononuclear cells (MSCs). In addition, the impact of the hepatic differentiation process of MSC on cellular and biological activity of the cells will be undertaken. For this purpose, first mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from human UCB which was obtained from a healthy full-term infant. The cells were cultured at a density of 3×10⁵ cells/cm² in DMEM- low-glucose culture media supplemented with 20% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 μg/ml streptomycin and 100 U/ml penicillin. Cell cultures were then incubated at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO₂ incubator. After removing non-adherent cells by replacing culture medium, fibroblast-like adherent cells were resuspended in 0.25% trypsin-EDTA and plated in 25 cm² flasks (1×10⁴/ml). Characterization of the MSCs was routinely done by observing their morphology and growth curve. MSCs were subjected to a 2-step hepatocyte differentiation protocol in presence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), dexamethazone (DEX) and oncostatin M (OSM). The hepatocyte-like cells derived from MSCs were checked every week for 3 weeks for changes in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl formation and DNA oxidation i.e., 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) assay. During the 3-week differentiation process of MSCs to hepatocyte-like cells we found that expression liver-specific markers such as albumin, was associated with increased levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl formation. Whereas, undifferentiated MSCs has relatively low levels of lipid peroxidation products. There was a significant increase ( p < 0.05) in lipid peroxidation products in hepatocytes on days 7, 14, and 21 of differentiation. Likewise, the level of protein carbonyls in the cells was elevated during the differentiation. The level of protein carbonyls measured in hepatocyte-like cells obtained 3 weeks after differentiation induction was estimated to be ~6 fold higher compared to cells recovered on day 7 of differentiation. On the contrary, there was a small but significant decrease in DNA damage marker (8-OH-dG) in hepatocytes recovered 3 weeks after differentiation onset. The level of 8-OHdG which was in consistent with formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In conclusion, this data suggest that despite the elevation in oxidation of lipid and protein molecules during hepatocyte development, the cells were normal in terms of DNA integrity, morphology, and biologically activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20stem%20cells" title="adult stem cells">adult stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20integrity" title=" DNA integrity"> DNA integrity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20radicals" title=" free radicals"> free radicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatic%20differentiation" title=" hepatic differentiation"> hepatic differentiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90001/oxidative-damage-to-lipids-proteins-and-dna-during-differentiation-of-mesenchymal-stem-cells-derived-from-umbilical-cord-into-biologically-active-hepatocytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">487</span> Modification of Newton Method in Two Point Block Backward Differentiation Formulas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairil%20I.%20Othman">Khairil I. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20N.%20Kamal"> Nur N. Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarina%20B.%20Ibrahim"> Zarina B. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present modified Newton method as a new strategy for improving the efficiency of Two Point Block Backward Differentiation Formulas (BBDF) when solving stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These methods are constructed to produce two approximate solutions simultaneously at each iteration The detailed implementation of the predictor corrector BBDF with PE(CE)2 with modified Newton are discussed. The proposed modification of BBDF is validated through numerical results on some standard problems found in the literature and comparisons are made with the existing Block Backward Differentiation Formula. Numerical results show the advantage of using the new strategy for solving stiff ODEs in improving the accuracy of the solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newton%20method" title="newton method">newton method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20point" title=" two point"> two point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block" title=" block"> block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title=" accuracy"> accuracy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47730/modification-of-newton-method-in-two-point-block-backward-differentiation-formulas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">486</span> Nanowire Substrate to Control Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainur%20Sharip">Ainur Sharip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20E.%20Perez"> Jose E. Perez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouf%20Alsharif"> Nouf Alsharif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aldo%20I.%20M.%20Bandeas"> Aldo I. M. Bandeas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enzo%20D.%20Fabrizio"> Enzo D. Fabrizio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20Ravasi"> Timothy Ravasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmeen%20S.%20Merzaban"> Jasmeen S. Merzaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%BCrgen%20Kosel"> Jürgen Kosel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, due to their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes or adipocytes. Differentiation is influenced by biochemical and biophysical stimuli provided by the microenvironment of the cell. Thus, altering the mechanical characteristics of a cell culture scaffold can directly influence a cell’s microenvironment and lead to stem cell differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on densely packed, vertically aligned magnetic iron nanowires (NWs) and the effect of NWs on the cell cytoskeleton rearrangement and differentiation were studied. An electrochemical deposition method was employed to fabricate NWs into nanoporous alumina templates, followed by a partial release to reveal the NW array. This created a cell growth substrate with free-standing NWs. The Fe NWs possessed a length of 2-3 µm, with each NW having a diameter of 33 nm on average. Mechanical stimuli generated by the physical movement of these iron NWs, in response to a magnetic field, can stimulate osteogenic differentiation. Induction of osteogenesis was estimated using an osteogenic marker, osteopontin, and a reduction of stem cell markers, CD73 and CD105. MSCs were grown on the NWs, and fluorescent microscopy was employed to monitor the expression of markers. A magnetic field with an intensity of 250 mT and a frequency of 0.1 Hz was applied for 12 hours/day over a period of one week and two weeks. The magnetically activated substrate enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs compared to the culture conditions without magnetic field. Quantification of the osteopontin signal revealed approximately a seven-fold increase in the expression of this protein after two weeks of culture. Immunostaining staining against CD73 and CD105 revealed the expression of antibodies at the earlier time point (two days) and a considerable reduction after one-week exposure to a magnetic field. Overall, these results demonstrate the application of a magnetic NW substrate in stimulating the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This method significantly decreases the time needed to induce osteogenic differentiation compared to commercial biochemical methods, such as osteogenic differentiation kits, that usually require more than two weeks. Contact-free stimulation of MSC differentiation using a magnetic field has potential uses in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and bone formation therapies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20substrate" title="cell substrate">cell substrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanowire" title=" magnetic nanowire"> magnetic nanowire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cell" title=" mesenchymal stem cell"> mesenchymal stem cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cell%20differentiation" title=" stem cell differentiation"> stem cell differentiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100255/nanowire-substrate-to-control-differentiation-of-mesenchymal-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">485</span> Wage Differentiation Patterns of Households Revisited for Turkey in Same Industry Employment: A Pseudo-Panel Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasin%20Kutuk">Yasin Kutuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bengi%20Yanik%20Ilhan"> Bengi Yanik Ilhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Previous studies investigate the wage differentiations among regions in Turkey between couples who work in the same industry and those who work in different industries by using the models that is appropriate for cross sectional data. However, since there is no available panel data for this investigation in Turkey, pseudo panels using repeated cross-section data sets of the Household Labor Force Surveys 2004-2014 are employed in order to open a new way to examine wage differentiation patterns. For this purpose, household heads are separated into groups with respect to their household composition. These groups’ membership is assumed to be fixed over time such as age groups, education, gender, and NUTS1 (12 regions) Level. The average behavior of them can be tracked overtime same as in the panel data. Estimates using the pseudo panel data would be consistent with the estimates using genuine panel data on individuals if samples are representative of the population which has fixed composition, characteristics. With controlling the socioeconomic factors, wage differentiation of household income is affected by social, cultural and economic changes after global economic crisis emerged in US. It is also revealed whether wage differentiation is changing among the birth cohorts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wage%20income" title="wage income">wage income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=same%20industry" title=" same industry"> same industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo%20panel" title=" pseudo panel"> pseudo panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data%20econometrics" title=" panel data econometrics"> panel data econometrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67640/wage-differentiation-patterns-of-households-revisited-for-turkey-in-same-industry-employment-a-pseudo-panel-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">484</span> Role of Interleukin 6 on Cell Differentiations in Stem Cells Isolated from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nunthawan%20Nowwarote">Nunthawan Nowwarote</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleerat%20Sukarawan"> Waleerat Sukarawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasit%20Pavasant"> Prasit Pavasant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanaphum%20Osathanon"> Thanaphum Osathanon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine, regulating various biological responses in several tissues. A Recent study shows that IL-6 plays a role in stemness maintenance in stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). However, the role of IL-6 on cell differentiation in SHEDs remains unknown. The present study investigated the effect of IL-6 on SHEDs differentiation. Cells were isolated from dental pulp tissues of human deciduous teeth. Flow cytometry was used to determined mesenchymal stem cell marker expression, and the multipotential differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic lineage ) was also determined. The mRNA was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the phenotypes were confirmed by chemical and immunofluorescence staining. Results demonstrated that SHEDs expressed CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 but not CD45. Further, the up-regulation of osteogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic marker genes was observed upon maintaining cells in osteogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic induction medium, respectively. The addition of IL-6 induced osteogenic by up-regulated osteogenic marker gene also increased in vitro mineralization. Under neurogenic medium supplement with IL-6, up-regulated neurogenic marker. Whereas, an addition of IL-6 attenuated adipogenic differentiation by SHEDs. In conclusion, this evidence implies that IL-6 may participate in cells differentiation ability of SHEDs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SHEDs" title="SHEDs">SHEDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-6" title=" IL-6"> IL-6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20differentiations" title=" cell differentiations"> cell differentiations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20pulp" title=" dental pulp"> dental pulp</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76027/role-of-interleukin-6-on-cell-differentiations-in-stem-cells-isolated-from-human-exfoliated-deciduous-teeth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">483</span> Suitability Verification of Cellulose Nanowhisker as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moon%20Hee%20Jung">Moon Hee Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Seung%20Kim"> Dae Seung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Myung%20Jung"> Sang-Myung Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwang%20Heum%20Yoon"> Gwang Heum Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoo%20Cheol%20Lee"> Hoo Cheol Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwa%20Sung%20Shin"> Hwa Sung Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scaffolds are an important part to support growth and differentiation of osteoblast for regeneration of injured bone in bone tissue engineering. We utilized tunicate cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) as scaffold and developed complex system that can enhance differentiation of osteoblast by applying mechanical stimulation. CNW, a crystal form of cellulose, has high stiffness with a large surface area and is useful as a biomedical material due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, CNW was obtained from tunicate extraction and was confirmed for its adhesion, differentiation, growth of osteoblast without cytotoxicity. In addition, osteoblast was successfully differentiated under mechanical stimulation, followed by calcium dependent signaling. In conclusion, we verified suitability of CNW as scaffold and possibility of bone substitutes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoblast" title="osteoblast">osteoblast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose%20nanowhisker" title=" cellulose nanowhisker"> cellulose nanowhisker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNW" title=" CNW"> CNW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20stimulation" title=" mechanical stimulation"> mechanical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tissue%20engineering" title=" bone tissue engineering"> bone tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20substitute" title=" bone substitute"> bone substitute</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50870/suitability-verification-of-cellulose-nanowhisker-as-a-scaffold-for-bone-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">482</span> Spatial Differentiation Patterns and Influencing Mechanism of Urban Greening in China: Based on Data of 289 Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fangzheng%20Li">Fangzheng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiong%20Li"> Xiong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant differences in urban greening have occurred in Chinese cities, which accompanied with China's rapid urbanization. However, few studies focused on the spatial differentiation of urban greening in China with large amounts of data. The spatial differentiation pattern, spatial correlation characteristics and the distribution shape of urban green space ratio, urban green coverage rate and public green area per capita were calculated and analyzed, using Global and Local Moran's I using data from 289 cities in 2014. We employed Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model to assess the impacts of urbanization process on urban greening of China. Then we used Geographically Weighted Regression to estimate the spatial variations of the impacts. The results showed: 1. a significant spatial dependence and heterogeneity existed in urban greening values, and the differentiation patterns were featured by the administrative grade and the spatial agglomeration simultaneously; 2. it revealed that urbanization has a negative correlation with urban greening in Chinese cities. Among the indices, the the proportion of secondary industry, urbanization rate, population and the scale of urban land use has significant negative correlation with the urban greening of China. Automobile density and per capita Gross Domestic Product has no significant impact. The results of GWR modeling showed that the relationship between urbanization and urban greening was not constant in space. Further, the local parameter estimates suggested significant spatial variation in the impacts of various urbanization factors on urban greening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China%E2%80%99s%20urbanization" title="China’s urbanization">China’s urbanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographically%20weighted%20regression" title=" geographically weighted regression"> geographically weighted regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20differentiation%20pattern" title=" spatial differentiation pattern"> spatial differentiation pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20greening" title=" urban greening"> urban greening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67935/spatial-differentiation-patterns-and-influencing-mechanism-of-urban-greening-in-china-based-on-data-of-289-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">481</span> A Numerical Solution Based on Operational Matrix of Differentiation of Shifted Second Kind Chebyshev Wavelets for a Stefan Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev">Rajeev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20K.%20Raigar"> N. K. Raigar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, one dimensional phase change problem (a Stefan problem) is considered and a numerical solution of this problem is discussed. First, we use similarity transformation to convert the governing equations into ordinary differential equations with its boundary conditions. The solutions of ordinary differential equation with the associated boundary conditions and interface condition (Stefan condition) are obtained by using a numerical approach based on operational matrix of differentiation of shifted second kind Chebyshev wavelets. The obtained results are compared with existing exact solution which is sufficiently accurate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20matrix%20of%20differentiation" title="operational matrix of differentiation">operational matrix of differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=similarity%20transformation" title=" similarity transformation"> similarity transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shifted%20second%20kind%20chebyshev%20wavelets" title=" shifted second kind chebyshev wavelets"> shifted second kind chebyshev wavelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stefan%20problem" title=" stefan problem"> stefan problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30738/a-numerical-solution-based-on-operational-matrix-of-differentiation-of-shifted-second-kind-chebyshev-wavelets-for-a-stefan-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">480</span> Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiation of Neurocysticercosis and Tuberculoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20N.%20Ghosh">Rajendra N. Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paramjeet%20Singh"> Paramjeet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niranjan%20Khandelwal"> Niranjan Khandelwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameer%20Vyas"> Sameer Vyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratibha%20Singhi"> Pratibha Singhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveen%20Sankhyan"> Naveen Sankhyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Tuberculoma and neurocysticercosis (NCC) are two most common intracranial infections in developing country. They often simulate on neuroimaging and in absence of typical imaging features cause significant diagnostic dilemmas. Differentiation is extremely important to avoid empirical exposure to antitubercular medications or nonspecific treatment causing disease progression. Purpose: Better characterization and differentiation of CNS tuberculoma and NCC by using morphological and multiple advanced functional MRI. Material and Methods: Total fifty untreated patients (20 tuberculoma and 30 NCC) were evaluated by using conventional and advanced sequences like CISS, SWI, DWI, DTI, Magnetization transfer (MT), T2Relaxometry (T2R), Perfusion and Spectroscopy. rCBV,ADC,FA,T2R,MTR values and metabolite ratios were calculated from lesion and normal parenchyma. Diagnosis was confirmed by typical biochemical, histopathological and imaging features. Results: CISS was most useful sequence for scolex detection (90% on CISS vs 73% on routine sequences). SWI showed higher scolex detection ability. Mean values of ADC, FA,T2R from core and rCBV from wall of lesion were significantly different in tuberculoma and NCC (P < 0.05). Mean values of rCBV, ADC, T2R and FA for tuberculoma and NCC were (3.36 vs1.3), (1.09x10⁻³vs 1.4x10⁻³), (0.13 x10⁻³ vs 0.09 x10⁻³) and (88.65 ms vs 272.3 ms) respectively. Tuberculomas showed high lipid peak, more choline and lower creatinine with Ch/Cr ratio > 1. T2R value was most significant parameter for differentiation. Cut off values for each significant parameters have proposed. Conclusion: Quantitative MRI in combination with conventional sequences can better characterize and differentiate similar appearing tuberculoma and NCC and may be incorporated in routine protocol which may avoid brain biopsy and empirical therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20functional%20MRI" title="advanced functional MRI">advanced functional MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurcysticercosis" title=" neurcysticercosis"> neurcysticercosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculoma" title=" tuberculoma"> tuberculoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69673/advanced-magnetic-resonance-imaging-in-differentiation-of-neurocysticercosis-and-tuberculoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">567</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">479</span> TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 (TRAF6) Mediating the Angiotensin-Induced Non-Canonical TGFβ Pathway Activation and Differentiation of c-kit+ Cardiac Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qing%20Cao">Qing Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Wang"> Fei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Qiang%20Wang"> Yu-Qiang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Ya%20Huang"> Li-Ya Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian-Tian%20Sang"> Tian-Tian Sang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Yan%20Chen"> Shu-Yan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aims: TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 (TRAF6) acts as a multifunctional regulator of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, and mediates Smad-independent JNK and p38 activation via TGF-β. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that TGF-β/TRAF6 is essential for angiotensin-II (Ang II)-induced differentiation of rat c-kit+ Cardiac Stem Cells (CSCs). Methods and Results: c-kit+ CSCs were isolated from neonatal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and their c-kit status was confirmed with immunofluorescence staining. A TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor (SB431542) or the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of TRAF6 were used to investigate the role of TRAF6 in TGF-β signaling. Rescue of TRAF6 siRNA transfected cells with a 3'UTR deleted siRNA insensitive construct was conducted to rule out the off target effects of the siRNA. TRAF6 dominant negative (TRAF6DN) vector was constructed and used to infect c-kit+ CSCs, and western blotting was used to assess the expression of TRAF6, JNK, p38, cardiac-specific proteins, and Wnt signaling proteins. Physical interactions between TRAF6 and TGFβ receptors were studied by coimmunoprecipitation. Cardiac differentiation was suppressed in the absence of TRAF6. Forced expression of TRAF6 enhanced the expression of TGF-β-activated kinase1 (TAK1), and inhibited Wnt signaling. Furthermore, TRAF6 increased the expression of cardiac-specific proteins (cTnT and Cx-43) but inhibited the expression of Wnt3a. Conclusions: Our data suggest that TRAF6 plays an important role in Ang II induced differentiation of c-kit+ CSCs via the non-canonical signaling pathway. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20stem%20cells" title="cardiac stem cells">cardiac stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TGF-%CE%B2" title=" TGF-β"> TGF-β</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRAF6" title=" TRAF6"> TRAF6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ubiquitination" title=" ubiquitination"> ubiquitination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wnt" title=" Wnt"> Wnt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10048/tnf-receptor-associated-factor-6-traf6-mediating-the-angiotensin-induced-non-canonical-tgfv-pathway-activation-and-differentiation-of-c-kit-cardiac-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">478</span> The Generation of Insulin Producing Cells from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by miR-375 and Anti-miR-9</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arefeh%20Jafarian">Arefeh Jafarian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Taghikani"> Mohammad Taghikani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saied%20Abroun"> Saied Abroun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Allahverdi"> Amir Allahverdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Soleimani"> Masoud Soleimani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The miRNAs have key roles in control of pancreatic islet development and insulin secretion. In this regards, current study investigated the pancreatic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) by up-regulation of miR-375 and down-regulation of miR-9 by lentiviruses containing miR-375 and anti-miR-9. Findings: After 21 days of induction, islet-like clusters containing insulin producing cells (IPCs) were confirmed by dithizone (DTZ) staining. The IPCs and β cell specific related genes and proteins were detected using qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence on days 7, 14 and 21 of differentiation. Glucose challenge test was performed at different concentrations of glucose as well as extracellular and intracellular insulin and C-peptide were assayed using ELISA kit. In derived IPCs by miR-375 alone are capable to express insulin and other endocrine specific transcription factors, the cells lack the machinery to respond to glucose. The differentiated hMSCs by miR-375 and anti-miR-9 lentiviruses could secrete insulin and c-peptide in a glucose-regulated manner. Conclusion: It was found that over-expression of miR-375 led to a reduction in levels of Mtpn protein in derived IPCs, while treatment with anti-miR-9 following miR-375 over-expression had synergistic effects on MSCs differentiation and insulin secretion in a glucose-regulated manner. The researchers reported that silencing of miR-9 increased OC-2 protein in IPCs that may contribute to the observed glucose-regulated insulin secretion. These findings highlight miRNAs functions in stem cells differentiation and suggest that they could be used as therapeutic tools for gene-based therapy in diabetes mellitus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSCs" title=" MSCs"> MSCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20producing%20cells" title=" insulin producing cells"> insulin producing cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miR-375" title=" miR-375"> miR-375</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miR-9" title=" miR-9 "> miR-9 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31158/the-generation-of-insulin-producing-cells-from-human-mesenchymal-stem-cells-by-mir-375-and-anti-mir-9" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">477</span> The Role of Leukocyte-Derived IL-10 on Postoperative ileus and Intestinal Macrophage Differentiation in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathy%20Stein">Kathy Stein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariola%20Lysson"> Mariola Lysson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anja%20Schmidt"> Anja Schmidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatrix%20Schumak"> Beatrix Schumak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabine%20Specht"> Sabine Specht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hicham%20Bouabe"> Hicham Bouabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%BCrgen%20Heesemann"> Jürgen Heesemann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Axel%20Roers"> Axel Roers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joerg%20C.%20Kalff"> Joerg C. Kalff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sven%20Wehner"> Sven Wehner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication of abdominal surgery. Monocyte infiltration is a hallmark of POI. The polarization of macrophages/monocytes in this process is not well understood. We aimed to investigate if and how M2 macrophage/monocyte differentiation is involved in POI pathogenesis. Design: POI was induced by intestinal manipulation (IM). C57Bl/6, CCR2-/-, IL-10 reporter (ITIB), IL-10-/- and LysMcre/IL-10fl/fl mice underwent IM. At various points in time leukocyte influx, gene and protein expression of cytokines, chemokines and M2 differentiation markers and intestinal motility were analyzed. Results: IM induced the postoperative expression of the M2 markers Arginase-1 and YM-1, predominantly in F4/80+Ly6C+ monocytes. Gene expression analyses indicated an IL-10-dependent, IL-4-independent M2 polarization of these monocytes. IL-10 dependency of M2 differentiation was confirmed in IL-10 deficient mice. Leukocytes, in the order of infiltrating monocytes, neutrophils, and resident macrophages were the main IL-10 producers during POI. IL-10 producing monocytes as well as M2 marker expression were almost absent in CCR2-deficient mice. However, postoperative IL-10 expression was not altered in CCR2-/- mice. The loss of M2 polarized monocytes neither protected CCR2-/- mice from nor affected resolution of POI. In contrast, IL-10 deficiency reduced postoperative neutrophil numbers and ameliorated POI. IL-10Ra expression was strongly induced in neutrophils but not in monocytes. Conclusion: We conclude that IL-10 counteracts POI resolution by activating IL-10Ra-expressing neutrophils in the late phase of disease while IL-10-dependent M2 differentiation is not pivotal to POI manifestation and resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interleukin-10" title="interleukin-10">interleukin-10</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophages" title=" macrophages"> macrophages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrophils" title=" neutrophils"> neutrophils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20ileus" title=" postoperative ileus"> postoperative ileus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60378/the-role-of-leukocyte-derived-il-10-on-postoperative-ileus-and-intestinal-macrophage-differentiation-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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