CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>钠 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"ebd746e5-856d-4b62-88d5-45bd7103c973","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"钠","wgTitle":"钠","wgCurRevisionId":86020934,"wgRevisionId":86020934,"wgArticleId":1256,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1英语来源 (en)","CS1德语来源 (de)","Webarchive模板wayback链接","CS1美国英语来源 (en-us)","使用ISBN魔术链接的页面","有CAS號重定向的物質條目","未提供參考文獻的CAS號","含有拉丁語的條目","有蓝链却未移除内部链接助手模板的页面","自2024年4月有未列明来源语句的条目","无附加数据页的化学条目","含有英語的條目","包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目","包含GND标识符的维基百科条目", "包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目","包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目","包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目","包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目","包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目","碱金属","钠","还原剂","生命化学元素","第3周期元素","化学元素","易制爆化学品"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"钠","wgRelevantArticleId":1256,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true}, "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q658","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.ilhpp","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/1200px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/800px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/640px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="钠 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A0"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-钠 rootpage-钠 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="主菜单" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 主菜单 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z">首页</a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科">分类索引</a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容">特色内容</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料">新闻动态</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r">最近更改</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x">随机条目</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2">特殊页面</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助">帮助</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做">维基社群</a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引">方针与指引</a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论">互助客栈</a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方">知识问答</a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求">字词转换</a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93">IRC即时聊天</a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科">联络我们</a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介">关于维基百科</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"> 搜索 </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 外观 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class="">资助维基百科</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%92%A0" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class="">创建账号</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%92%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class="">登录</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 个人工具 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh">资助维基百科</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%92%A0" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"> 创建账号</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%92%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"> 登录</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息">了解详情</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y">贡献</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-物理性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 物理性质 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关物理性质子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-同位素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#同位素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 同位素 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-同位素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 化合物 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-化合物-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关化合物子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-化合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水溶液" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水溶液"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 水溶液 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水溶液-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电子盐和钠化物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电子盐和钠化物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 电子盐和钠化物 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电子盐和钠化物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-有机钠化合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#有机钠化合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 有机钠化合物 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-有机钠化合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-金属间化合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#金属间化合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 金属间化合物 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-金属间化合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 历史 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分布" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分布"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 分布 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分布-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关分布子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-分布-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-太空的钠" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#太空的钠"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 太空的钠 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-太空的钠-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生产" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生产"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 生产 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生产-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用处" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用处"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 用处 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-用处-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关用处子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-用处-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-传播热量" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#传播热量"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 传播热量 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-传播热量-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生物影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生物影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 生物影响 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生物影响-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关生物影响子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-生物影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-对人体的影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#对人体的影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 对人体的影响 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-对人体的影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-含量與分佈" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#含量與分佈"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 含量與分佈 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-含量與分佈-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-饮食" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#饮食"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 饮食 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-饮食-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-高钠消耗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#高钠消耗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3 高钠消耗 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-高钠消耗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-高血压" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#高血压"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3.1 高血压 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-高血压-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生理影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生理影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.4 生理影响 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生理影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-对植物的影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#对植物的影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 对植物的影响 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-对植物的影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-危险性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#危险性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 危险性 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-危险性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 参考资料 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 外部連結 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">钠</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。173种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-173" aria-hidden="true" > 173种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B6%E1%8B%B2%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሶዲየም – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሶዲየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="صوديوم – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صوديوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="صوديوم – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صوديوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="صوديوم – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صوديوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sodiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="سودیوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سودیوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodyo" title="Sodyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sodyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Натрый – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Натрый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Натар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Натар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="သိုဒီယမ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သိုဒီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="সোডিয়াম – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সোডিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%AB%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="བུལ་རྫས། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བུལ་རྫས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiom" title="Sodiom – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sodiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Natrij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodi" title="Sodi – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sodi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%83k" title="Năk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Năk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="سۆدیۆم – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سۆدیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sodiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sod%C3%ADk" title="Sodík – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sodík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiwm" title="Sodiwm – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sodiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AF%DE%91%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ސޯޑިއަމް – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސޯޑިއަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Νάτριο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νάτριο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrio" title="Natrio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Natrio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naatrium" title="Naatrium – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Naatrium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sodiu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85" title="سدیم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سدیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naatrium" title="Naatrium – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Naatrium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodi" title="Sodi – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sodi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3idiam" title="Sóidiam – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sóidiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%89" title="鈉 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鈉" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2idium" title="Sòidium – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sòidium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="સોડિયમ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સોડિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodjum" title="Sodjum – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sodjum" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%CC%8Dp" title="Na̍p – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Na̍p" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiuma" title="Sodiuma – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Sodiuma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%9F" title="נתרן – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נתרן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Natrij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sody%C3%B2m" title="Sodyòm – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sodyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1trium" title="Nátrium – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nátrium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Նատրիում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նատրիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%A9%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Նաթրիոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նաթրիոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natro" title="Natro – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Natro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natr%C3%ADn" title="Natrín – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Natrín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ナトリウム – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナトリウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sodna" title="sodna – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sodna" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriyum" title="Natriyum – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Natriyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ნატრიუმი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნატრიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%D0%B0triy" title="Nаtriy – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nаtriy" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%94d%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Sɔdɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sɔdɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸೋಡಿಯಮ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೋಡಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%A8" title="나트륨 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나트륨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriy%C3%BBm" title="Natriyûm – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Natriyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiom" title="Sodiom – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Sodiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio – 伦巴第语" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sodio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="伦巴第语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodu" title="Sodu – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sodu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%A1" title="ໂຊດຽມ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂຊດຽມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natris" title="Natris – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Natris" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81trijs" title="Nātrijs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nātrijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Натри – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Натри" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4di%C3%B4ma" title="Sôdiôma – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sôdiôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konutai" title="Konutai – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konutai" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Натриум – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Натриум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="സോഡിയം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോഡിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Натри – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Натри" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဆိုဒီယမ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆိုဒီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4dgium" title="Sôdgium – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Sôdgium" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soodin" title="Soodin – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Soodin" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2di" title="Sòdi – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sòdi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrii" title="Natrii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Natrii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiyeemii" title="Sodiyeemii – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sodiyeemii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="ସୋଡ଼ିଅମ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସୋଡ଼ିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਸੋਡੀਅਮ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੋਡੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 巴利语" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="巴利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3d" title="Sód – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sód" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2dio" title="Sòdio – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sòdio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="سوڈیئم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوڈیئم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Νάτριον – 旁狄希臘文" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Νάτριον" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="旁狄希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%89%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="سوډيوم – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوډيوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3dio" title="Sódio – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sódio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriyu" title="Natriyu – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Natriyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sodiu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriu" title="Natriu – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Natriu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="सोडियम – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सोडियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱥᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2diu" title="Sòdiu – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sòdiu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sodiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%85" title="سوڊيئم – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوڊيئم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Natrij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="සෝඩියම් – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෝඩියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sodium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sod%C3%ADk" title="Sodík – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sodík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="سوڈیم – 色莱基语" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سوڈیم" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="色莱基语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Natrij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodhiyaam" title="Sodhiyaam – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sodhiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriumi" title="Natriumi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Natriumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Натријум – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Натријум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natiri" title="Natiri – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Natiri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சோடியம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சோடியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="సోడియం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సోడియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="โซเดียม – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โซเดียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodyo" title="Sodyo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sodyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodyum" title="Sodyum – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sodyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Натрий – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Натрий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A" title="ناترىي – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ناترىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Натрій – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Натрій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="سوڈیم – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوڈیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natriy" title="Natriy – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Natriy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrii" title="Natrii – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Natrii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natri" title="Natri – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Natri" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrin" title="Natrin – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Natrin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiom" title="Sodiom – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sodiom" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodyo" title="Sodyo – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sodyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="钠" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Натрион – 卡尔梅克语" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Натрион" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡尔梅克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="נאטריום – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נאטריום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3d%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%C3%B9" title="Sódíọ̀mù – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sódíọ̀mù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%9A%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B9%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%89" title="鈉 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鈉" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Natrium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%89" title="鈉 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鈉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q658#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c">条目</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%92%A0" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >不转换 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh" hreflang="zh">不转换</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans">简体</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant">繁體</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN">大陆简体</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK">香港繁體</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO">澳門繁體</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY">大马简体</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG">新加坡简体</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E9%92%A0" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW">臺灣正體</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0">阅读</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e">编辑</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h">查看历史</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >工具 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0">阅读</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e">编辑</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=history">查看历史</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E9%92%A0" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j">链入页面</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E9%92%A0" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k">相关更改</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上传" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u">上传文件</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&oldid=86020934" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接">固定链接</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息">页面信息</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E9%92%A0&id=86020934&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息">引用此页</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2592%25A0">获取短链接</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2592%25A0">下载二维码</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E9%92%A0&action=show-download-screen">下载为PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p">打印页面</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sodium" hreflang="en">维基共享资源</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q658" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g">维基数据项目</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a>「Na」重定向至此。關於与其同名的其他主题，請見「<a href="/wiki/NA" class="mw-disambig" title="NA">NA</a>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r77235331">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]>.wikitable,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox .periodictable{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]{width:calc(100% - 20px)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]>div{max-width:100%;overflow:auto}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">钠 11Na</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:10px"> <table class="nogrid Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: center; empty-cells: show;padding:0; border: none;border-spacing:1px;border-collapse:separate;margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83953186">.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav span{display:block;overflow:hidden;padding:0;color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav td{border:none;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#ff6666}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_predicted{background-color:#ffa1a1}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth .navbox-title{background-color:#ffdead}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth_predicted{background-color:#ffecd3}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide{background-color:#ffbfff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide{background-color:#ff99cc}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_superactinides{background-color:#b5c8ff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_superactinides_predicted{background-color:#d1ddff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_eka_superactinide{background-color:#a0e032}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_eka_superactinide_predicted{background-color:#c6dd9d}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition .navbox-title{background-color:#ffc0c0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition_predicted{background-color:#ffe2e2}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition{background-color:#cccccc}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition_predicted{background-color:#dfdfdf}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid{background-color:#cccc99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid_predicted{background-color:#e2e2aa}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_diatomic{background-color:#e7ff8f}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_diatomic_predicted{background-color:#F3FFC7}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_polyatomic{background-color:#a1ffc3}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_polyatomic_predicted{background-color:#d0ffe1}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal{background-color:#a0ffa0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal_predicted{background-color:#d3ffd3}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen{background-color:#ffff99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen_predicted{background-color:#ffffd6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas{background-color:#c0ffff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas_predicted{background-color:#ddffff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_supercritical_atom{background-color:#f4f4c6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_supercritical_atom_predicted{background-color:#f4f4c6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_no_electron{background-color:#d0d0d0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block{background-color:#ff6699}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block_predicted{background-color:#FBD}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block{background-color:#99ccff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block_predicted{background-color:#CEF}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block{background-color:#ccff99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block_predicted{background-color:#DFC}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block{background-color:#90ffb0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block_predicted{background-color:#C7FFD7}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block{background-color:#66ffcc}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block_predicted{background-color:#BFE}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block{background-color:#ffcc66}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block_predicted{background-color:#FDA}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block{background-color:#F0908C}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block_predicted{background-color:#F0B6B4}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown{background-color:#e8e8e8}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_error_type{background-color:#000000}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_null{background-color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_maybe_not_exist{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_none_type{background-color:#c0c0c0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_gas{color:green}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_liquid{color:blue}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_solid{color:black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknow_phase{color:grey}</style><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氫（非金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">鋰（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">鈹（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">鈉（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">鎂（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">鋁（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">矽（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">氬（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">鉀（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">鈣（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">鈧（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">鈦（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">釩（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">鉻（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">錳（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">鐵（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">鈷（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">鎳（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">銅（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">鋅（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">鎵（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">鍺（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">銣（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">鍶（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">釔（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">鋯（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">鈮（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">鉬（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">鎝（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">釕（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">銠（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">鈀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">鎘（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">銦（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">錫（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">銻（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">銫（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">鋇（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">鑭（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">鈰（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">鐠（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">釹（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">鉕（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">釤（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">銪（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">釓（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">鋱（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">鏑（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">鈥（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">鉺（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">銩（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">鐿（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">鎦（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">鉿（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">鉭（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">鎢（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">錸（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">鋨（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">銥（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">鉑（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">鉈（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">鉛（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">鉍（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">釙（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">砈（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">鍅（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">鐳（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">錒（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">釷（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">鏷（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">錼（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">鈽（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">鋂（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">鋦（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">鉳（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">鉲（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">鑀（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">鐨（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">鍆（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">鍩（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">鐒（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">鑪（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">𨧀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">𨭎（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">𨨏（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">䥑（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">鐽（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">鉨（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">鏌（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬（預測為鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫（預測為惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">锂</a> ↑ 钠 ↓ <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">钾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a> ← 钠 → <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">外觀</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">金属：银白色 <a href="/wiki/File:Na_(Sodium).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/250px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/375px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/500px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">概況</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">名稱·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">符號</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">序數</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">钠（sodium）·Na·11</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">元素類別</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">週期</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="元素分区">區</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/1%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="1族元素">1</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a>·<a href="/wiki/S%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="S区元素">s</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">標準原子質量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">22.98976928(2)<a href="#cite_note-CIAAW2021-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%92%E5%B8%83" title="电子排布">电子排布</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">[<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">Ne</a>] 3s1 2，8，1 <div style="border:0; margin:0 auto;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="钠的电子層（2，8，1）"><img alt="钠的电子層（2，8，1）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg/153px-Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg.png" decoding="async" width="153" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg/230px-Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg/306px-Electron_shell_011_Sodium_-_no_label.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>钠的电子層（2，8，1）</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">歷史</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="化學元素發現年表">發現</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4" title="汉弗里·戴维">汉弗里·戴维</a>（1807年）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">分離</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">汉弗里·戴维（1807年）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">命名</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">汉弗里·戴维（1807年）</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">物理性質</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8_(%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8)" title="相 (物质)">物態</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93" title="固体">固体</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（接近<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E6%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="室溫">室温</a>） 0.968 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B" title="克">g</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="厘米">cm</a>−3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a>時液體密度</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.927 g·cm−3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">370.87 <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">K</a>，97.72 <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">°C</a>，207.9 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="华氏温标">°F</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="沸點">沸點</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1156 <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">K</a>，883 <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">°C</a>，1621 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="华氏温标">°F</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E7%95%8C%E7%82%B9_(%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6)" title="临界点 (热力学)">臨界點</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">(推测) 2573 K，35 MPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E5%8C%96%E7%83%AD" title="熔化热">熔化热</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.60 <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E6%AF%8F%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="焦耳每摩尔">kJ·mol−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E5%8C%96%E7%83%AD" title="汽化热">汽化热</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">97.42 kJ·mol−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%86%B1%E5%AE%B9" title="比熱容">比熱容</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">28.230 J·mol−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" title="蒸氣壓">蒸氣壓</a><div style="position:relative; margin:0 auto; padding:0; text-align:initial; width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content;"> <table class="wikitable nowrap" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td>壓/Pa </td> <td>1 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>100 </td> <td>1 k </td> <td>10 k </td> <td>100 k </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>溫/K </td> <td>554 </td> <td>617 </td> <td>697 </td> <td>802 </td> <td>946 </td> <td>1153 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">原子性質</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%81" title="氧化态">氧化态</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">+1，-1 （强碱性）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B4%9F%E6%80%A7" title="电负性">电负性</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.93（鲍林标度）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD" title="电离能">电离能</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">第一：495.8 <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E6%AF%8F%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="焦耳每摩尔">kJ·mol−1</a> 第二：4562 kJ·mol−1 第三：6910.3 kJ·mol−1 （<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD%E8%A1%A8" title="电离能表">更多</a>） </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="原子半径">原子半径</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">186 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%B1%B3" title="皮米">pm</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="共价半径">共价半径</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">166±9 pm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="范德华半径">范德华半径</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">227 pm</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">雜項</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="晶体结构">晶体结构</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="立方晶系">体心立方</a> <div style="float:right; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/File:Cubic-body-centered.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="钠具有体心立方晶體結構"><img alt="钠具有体心立方晶體結構" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/50px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/75px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/100px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="949" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁序</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BA%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="顺磁性">顺磁性</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">電阻率</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（20 °C）47.7 n Ω·m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87" title="熱導率">熱導率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">142 W·m−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">膨脹係數</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（25 °C）71 µm·m−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E9%80%9F" title="音速">聲速</a>（細棒）</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（20 °C）3200 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%8F%E7%A7%92" title="米每秒">m·s−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%B0%8F%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="杨氏模量">杨氏模量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">10 GPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AA%E5%88%87%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="剪切模量">剪切模量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.3 GPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="体积模量">体积模量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">6.3 GPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="莫氏硬度">莫氏硬度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C" title="布氏硬度试验">布氏硬度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.69 MPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/CAS%E5%8F%B7" title="CAS号">CAS号</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7440-23-5">7440-23-5</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">同位素<div style="float:right;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_sodium_isotopes" title="Template:Infobox sodium isotopes"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_sodium_isotopes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Infobox sodium isotopes（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Infobox_sodium_isotopes" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Infobox sodium isotopes"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="钠的同位素">钠的同位素</a> <div> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="丰度">丰度</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>（t1/2） </th> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7#衰变" title="放射性">衰變</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="衰變方式">方式</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E8%83%BD" title="衰变能">能量</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="電子伏特">MeV</a>） </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">產物</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">22Na </th> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%95%E9%87%8F%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="痕量同位素">痕量</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">2.6019 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4" title="年">年</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84" title="正电子发射">β+</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">1.821 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96-22" class="mw-redirect" title="氖-22">22Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%98%E8%8E%B7" title="电子俘获">ε</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">2.843 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96-22" class="mw-redirect" title="氖-22">22Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">23Na </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">100% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%AE%9A%E6%A0%B8%E7%B4%A0" title="稳定核素">穩定</a>，帶12粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">24Na </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">痕量 </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">14.9560 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6" title="小时">小时</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98#β-衰变" title="Β衰变">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">5.5157 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82-24" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂-24">24Mg</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table> 鈉（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：natrium），是一種<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">化學元素</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="化學符號">化學符號</a>为Na，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序數">原子序數</a>为11，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">原子量</a>為7001229897692800000♠22.98976928 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="原子质量单位">u</a>。它是柔軟且活性大的銀白色<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬">金屬</a>。鈉是週期表的第一族元素，為<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鹼金屬">鹼金屬</a>的一員。因為它的價<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%A4" title="電子層">殼層</a>只有單個<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>，所以容易失去電子形成帶正電的陽離子Na+。鈉唯一的穩定<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>為鈉-23。純金屬態的鈉並不存在自然界中，須以含鈉的化合物來製備。鈉是地殼中含量第六多的元素，並且多數存在於<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物">礦物</a>中，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="長石">長石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E9%92%A0%E7%9F%B3" title="方钠石">方鈉石</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="石盐">石盐</a>（<a href="/wiki/NaCl" class="mw-redirect" title="NaCl">NaCl</a>）等。多數鈉鹽溶解度都很高：超過億萬的鈉離子都被水自<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物">礦物</a>中給溶出，因此在溶於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7" title="海">海</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B" title="洋">洋</a>的元素中，<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉離子">鈉離子</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="氯离子">氯離子</a>是最常見的。 鈉在公元1807年最先由汉弗里·戴维以<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A7%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="電解">電解</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="氫氧化鈉">氫氧化鈉</a>分解出來，鈉化合物有許多應用，像是<a href="/wiki/NaOH" class="mw-redirect" title="NaOH">NaOH</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E6%B6%B2" title="碱液">鹼液</a>）可用於肥皂製造、<a href="/wiki/NaCl" class="mw-redirect" title="NaCl">NaCl</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="食鹽">食鹽</a>）可做為<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A4%E5%86%B0%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="除冰劑">除冰劑</a>也是動物和人類體內的養分。 鈉對所有動物植物都是必要的元素。鈉離子是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%A4%96%E6%B6%B2" title="细胞外液">細胞外液</a>（ECF）中最重要的陽離子，對細胞外液的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%B2%E9%80%8F%E5%A3%93" title="滲透壓">滲透壓</a>和細胞外液的間隔具重要影響，間隔中的水份流失，會造成鈉離子濃度上升，這種情況稱為高鈉血症，細胞外液間隔中的水和鈉離子等滲性的流失，造成間隔大小變小，這種情況稱為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%A1%80%E9%88%89%E7%97%87" title="低血鈉症">低血鈉症</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E9%89%80%E5%B9%AB%E6%B5%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉鉀幫浦">鈉鉀幫浦</a>在人的細胞中用來三個<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉離子">鈉離子</a>移到細胞外，並將兩個<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" title="鉀離子">鉀離子</a>進入細胞內。測量細胞膜內外的離子濃度，鉀離子為40:1，而鈉離子為1:10。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="神經細胞">神經細胞</a>中，當神經細胞靜止時，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E8%86%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="細胞膜">細胞膜</a>電荷的交換（钠离子内流）會造成神經衝動的傳導，稱之為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%B5%E4%BD%8D" title="动作电位">動作電位</a>，而鈉是此作用的關鍵。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="物理性质">物理性质</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：物理性质">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg/220px-Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg/330px-Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg/440px-Na-D-sodium_D-lines-589nm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1142" data-file-height="329" /></a><figcaption>钠的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E5%B0%84%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C" title="發射光譜">发射光谱</a>，显示了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E5%92%8C%E8%B2%BB%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="夫琅和費線">D线</a>。</figcaption></figure> 在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="标准情况">标准情况</a>下，钠是一种软的银色金属。除非浸入矿物油或惰性气体中（这也是它通常的储存方式），不然钠会与空气中的氧气反应，形成灰白色的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氧化钠">氧化钠</a>。金属钠可以被刀轻易切割，也是良好的热导体和电导体。由于原子量低且原子半径大，钠是密度第三低的金属，也是三种可浮于水的金属之一，另外两种是锂和钾。<a href="#cite_note-Greenwood75-2">[2]</a>钠的熔点（98 °C）和沸点（883 °C）低于锂但高于钾，符合元素周期律。<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>这些性质在高压下变化：在1.5 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4" title="巴">Mbar</a>下，金属钠的外观从银白色变成黑色，在1.9 Mbar下变成透明的红色，在3 Mbar下变成透明清澈的固体。这些高压<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%B4%A0%E5%BC%82%E5%BD%A2%E4%BD%93" title="同素异形体">同素异形体</a>都是电的绝缘体，结构都为<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%90" title="电子盐">电子盐</a>。<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flametest--Na.swn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/170px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/255px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/340px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>钠的<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%B0%E8%89%B2%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="焰色反应">焰色反应</a>是明亮的黄色</figcaption></figure> 在<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%B0%E8%89%B2%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="焰色反应">焰色反应</a>中，钠和其化合物是黄色的，<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>因为激发态的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="原子轨道">3s</a>电子会在从3p跌到3s时放出一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">光子</a>，而这个光子的波长为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E5%92%8C%E8%B2%BB%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="夫琅和費線">D线</a>，也就是589.3 nm。<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%97%8B-%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="自旋-轨道作用">自旋-轨道作用</a>使得3p轨道和D线都分成两条，分别处于589.0和589.6 nm；而<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B2%BE%E7%BB%86%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="超精细结构">超精细结构</a>使得这两条轨道放出更多的线。<a href="#cite_note-Citron-PRL-1977-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="同位素">同位素</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：同位素">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="钠的同位素">钠的同位素</a></div> 目前已知有20种钠的同位素，不过只有23Na是稳定的。23Na是在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E8%81%9A%E5%8F%98" title="碳聚变">碳聚变</a>中两个<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>原子核聚变并放出质子而成的，这需要超过6亿开尔文的温度和3个太阳质量才能做到。<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>两种<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7" title="放射性">放射性</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宇宙射线同位素（页面不存在）">宇宙射线同位素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cosmogenic" class="extiw" title="en:cosmogenic">cosmogenic</a>）是由<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A%E6%95%A3%E8%A3%82" title="宇宙射線散裂">宇宙射线散裂</a>产生的：22Na的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>为2.6年，而 24Na的半衰期为15小时，其它钠同位素的半衰期都小于一分钟。<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>两种钠的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%B8%E7%95%B0%E6%A7%8B%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="同核異構體">同核异构体</a>也是已知的，半衰期较长的24mNa 的半衰期为20.2毫秒。在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E7%95%8C%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85" title="临界事故">临界事故</a>中，急性中子辐射会把人体内的一些23Na转变成24Na，因此可以通过 24Na和23Na的比例计算受害者的辐射剂量。<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="化合物">化合物</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：化合物">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="钠化合物">钠化合物</a></div> 钠原子有11个电子，比<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">稀有气体</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a>多一个电子。钠的第一和第二<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD" title="电离能">电离能</a>分别为495.8 kJ/mol和4562 kJ/mol，因此钠通常形成含有Na+阳离子的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="离子化合物">离子化合物</a>。<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> 钠的反应性比<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">钾</a>低，但比<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">锂</a>高。<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>金属钠是一种强还原剂，Na+/Na的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%94%B5%E6%9E%81%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%BF" title="标准电极电势">标准电极电势</a>为−2.71V，<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>不过锂和钾的标准电极电势都更低。<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物">含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：含鈉鹽類及鈉氧化物">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NaCl_polyhedra.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NaCl_polyhedra.png/220px-NaCl_polyhedra.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NaCl_polyhedra.png/330px-NaCl_polyhedra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NaCl_polyhedra.png/440px-NaCl_polyhedra.png 2x" data-file-width="1654" data-file-height="1417" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>的结构，显示了Na+和Cl−的八面体型框架。这个框架在水中时会分解，并在水蒸发时重新组装。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Burningsodium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Burningsodium.jpg/250px-Burningsodium.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Burningsodium.jpg/375px-Burningsodium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Burningsodium.jpg/500px-Burningsodium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>燃燒金屬鈉主要產生淡黄色的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="过氧化钠">过氧化鈉</a></figcaption></figure> 钠化合物具有巨大的商业重要性，对于生产<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃">玻璃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B8" title="纸">纸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E7%9A%82" title="肥皂">肥皂</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BA%E7%BB%87%E5%93%81" title="纺织品">纺织品</a>的行业尤其重要。<a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-14">[14]</a>最重要的钠化合物包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>（NaCl）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸钠">碳酸钠</a>（Na2CO3）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸氢钠">碳酸氢钠</a>（NaHCO3）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>（NaOH）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="硝酸钠">硝酸钠</a>（NaNO3）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="磷酸钠">磷酸钠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="硫代硫酸钠">硫代硫酸钠</a>（Na2S2O3·5H2O）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%88%89" title="氟化鈉">氟化鈉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%8B%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="醋酸钠">醋酸鈉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E7%A0%82" title="硼砂">硼砂</a>（Na2B4O7·10H2O）。<a href="#cite_note-Holl-15">[15]</a>在这些化合物中，钠通常形成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="离子键">离子键</a>，是一种<a href="/wiki/HSAB" class="mw-redirect" title="HSAB">硬</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="路易斯酸">路易斯酸</a>。<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NaStearate.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NaStearate.png/310px-NaStearate.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NaStearate.png/465px-NaStearate.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NaStearate.png/620px-NaStearate.png 2x" data-file-width="2082" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%84%82%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="硬脂酸钠">硬脂酸钠</a>，一种典型的肥皂的结构。</figcaption></figure> 很多<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E7%9A%82" title="肥皂">肥皂</a>都是<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8" title="脂肪酸">脂肪酸</a>的钠盐。钠肥皂比钾肥皂的熔点更高（也更硬）。<a href="#cite_note-Holl-15">[15]</a> 类似其它<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a>，钠和水的反应是强烈的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="放热反应">放热反应</a>。反应会产生<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>和可燃的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氢气">氢气</a>。当钠在空气中燃烧时，会产生<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="过氧化钠">過氧化钠</a>和一些<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氧化钠">氧化钠</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Greenwood84-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水溶液">水溶液</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：水溶液">编辑</a>]</div> 钠倾向于形成可溶于水的化合物，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="卤化物">卤化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸盐">硫酸盐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硝酸盐">硝酸盐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A7%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="羧酸盐">羧酸盐</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="碳酸盐">碳酸盐</a>。钠的主要水合物是水配合物 [Na(H2O)n]+，其中n = 4–8。<a href="#cite_note-Lincoln-18">[18]</a> 从水溶液中直接沉淀钠盐是罕见的，因为钠盐通常对水具有高亲和力（<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="铋酸钠">铋酸钠</a> NaBiO3除外）。<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>由于钠化合物在水中的高溶解度，钠盐通常是通过蒸发或用有机溶剂沉淀分离的。它们在有机溶剂的溶解度低，例如氯化钠在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87" title="乙醇">乙醇</a>的溶解度只有 0.35 g/L。<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A0%E9%86%9A" title="冠醚">冠醚</a>，像是<a href="/wiki/15-%E5%86%A0-5" title="15-冠-5">15-冠-5</a>，可用作<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E8%BD%AC%E7%A7%BB%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82" title="相转移催化剂">相转移催化剂</a>。<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> 样本的钠含量可以通过<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%90%B8%E6%94%B6%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="原子吸收光谱法">原子吸收光谱法</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BD%8D%E5%B7%AE%E8%AE%A1" title="电位差计">电位差计</a>测量。<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="电子盐和钠化物">电子盐和钠化物</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：电子盐和钠化物">编辑</a>]</div> 与其他碱金属一样，钠溶于氨和一些胺中，形成深色溶液。这些溶液蒸发后会留下一层闪亮的金属钠薄膜。这些溶液会形成<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="配合物">配合物</a> (Na(NH3)6)+，它的正电荷会被<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%90" title="电子盐">作为阴离子的电子</a>抵消。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%B4%E9%86%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="穴醚">穴醚</a>可以将这些配合物作为结晶分离。钠会和冠醚、穴醚和其它配体形成配合物。<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>举个例子，<a href="/wiki/15-%E5%86%A0-5" title="15-冠-5">15-冠-5</a>对钠有高亲和性，因为它的孔径为 1.7–2.2 Å，可以装下一个钠原子（1.9 Å）。<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>穴醚，类似冠醚和其它<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%BD%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="离子载体（页面不存在）">离子载体</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionophore" class="extiw" title="en:Ionophore">Ionophore</a>），也对钠离子具有高亲和力。通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A7%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="歧化">歧化</a>将穴醚加到钠的氨溶液中<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>，可以获得<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碱化物">钠负离子</a> Na−的衍生物。<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="有机钠化合物">有机钠化合物</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：有机钠化合物">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="有机钠化合物">有机钠化合物</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monensin2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monensin2.png/220px-Monensin2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monensin2.png/330px-Monensin2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monensin2.png/440px-Monensin2.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>钠（Na+，黄色球）和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E8%83%BD%E8%8F%8C%E7%B4%A0" title="莫能菌素">莫能菌素</a>-A的配合物</figcaption></figure> 很多有机钠化合物是已知的。由于C-Na键的高极性，它们类似<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E8%B4%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="碳负离子">碳负离子</a>。一些著名的有机钠化合物包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E6%88%8A%E4%BA%8C%E7%83%AF%E5%9F%BA%E9%92%A0" title="环戊二烯基钠">环戊二烯基钠</a>（NaC5H5）和三苯基碳钠（(C6H5)3CNa）。<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%98%E9%92%A0" title="萘钠">萘钠</a>，化学式 Na+[C10H8•]−，是一种强还原剂，由钠和萘在醚类环境中反应而成。<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="金属间化合物">金属间化合物</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：金属间化合物">编辑</a>]</div> 钠可以和很多金属形成合金，例如钾、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">钙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">铅</a>、<a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">11族元素</a>和<a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">12族元素</a>。钠和钾的合金有 KNa2和<a href="/wiki/NaK" class="mw-redirect" title="NaK">NaK</a>。含有 40–90% 钾的钠钾合金在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E6%B8%A9" title="常温">常温</a>下是液体，是极佳的热导体和电导体。钠钙合金是从 NaCl-CaCl2和 NaCl-CaCl2-BaCl2中电解钠的副产物。钙仅与钠部分<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%BA%B6" title="混溶">混溶</a>。在液态下，钠和铅完全混溶。有几种制造钠铅合金的方法，其中一种方法是将它们一起融化，另一种方法是将钠电解沉积在熔化的铅阴极上。NaPb3、NaPb、Na9Pb4、Na5Pb2和Na15Pb4都是已知的钠铅合金。钠也和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a> (NaAu2) 、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="银">银</a> (NaAg2)形成合金。12族元素（<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">锌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">镉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a>）可以和钠形成合金。NaZn13和NaCd2是已知的。钠会形成 NaHg、NaHg4、NaHg2、Na3Hg2和 Na3Hg等各种汞齐。<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史">历史</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：历史">编辑</a>]</div> 钠的名称来自阿拉伯语suda（صداع），意思是头痛，因为人们很早就知道<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸钠">碳酸钠</a>或苏打水有缓解头痛的特性。<a href="#cite_note-newton-31">[31]</a>尽管钠（有时被称为苏打）长期以来一直在化合物中被识别，但直到1807年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4" title="汉弗里·戴维">汉弗里·戴维</a>通过<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="电解">电解</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>，才分离出金属钠。<a href="#cite_note-Davy1807-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-weeks-33">[33]</a>1814年，钠的化学符号Na由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A1%9E%E6%9F%B3%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="约恩斯·贝尔塞柳斯">约恩斯·贝尔塞柳斯</a>在他的化学符号系统中首次发表，<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>是这种元素的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="新拉丁语">新拉丁语</a>名称natrium，指的是埃及的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%A2%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="石碱">石碱</a><a href="#cite_note-newton-31">[31]</a>，即主要是水合碳酸钠组成的天然矿物。石碱在历史上有多个重要的工业和家庭用途，后来被其它钠化合物取代。<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分布">分布</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：分布">编辑</a>]</div> 地壳中含有 2.27% 钠，是地壳中<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素丰度">第七丰富的元素</a>，也是第五丰富的金属，仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">铝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">钙</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a>，位于钾之前。<a href="#cite_note-Greenwood69-37">[37]</a>钠在海洋中的丰度为 1.08×104 mg/L。<a href="#cite_note-abundancecrc-38">[38]</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style>由于其高反应性，钠从不以单质形式存在于自然界。它存在于许多矿物质中，一些非常易溶，例如石盐和石碱，另一些则溶解性较差，例如角闪石和沸石。某些钠矿物，如冰晶石和长石不溶于水，这源于它们的聚合阴离子。<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">[來源請求]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="太空的钠">太空的钠</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：太空的钠">编辑</a>]</div> 原子钠在光谱的橙黄色部分有极强的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B1%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="谱线">谱线</a>（和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E7%81%AF" title="钠灯">钠灯</a>的谱线一样）。这存在于很多恒星的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B1%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="谱线">谱线</a>中，包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a>。1814年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E5%92%8C%E8%B4%B9" title="约瑟夫·冯·夫琅和费">约瑟夫·冯·夫琅和费</a>在研究太阳光谱中的谱线（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E5%92%8C%E8%B2%BB%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="夫琅和費線">夫琅和费线</a>）时首次研究了这条线。他把这条线命名为D线，尽管它其实是由<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%B4%B0%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="精細結構">精细结构</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B2%BE%E7%BB%86%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="超精细结构">超精细结构</a>分开的紧密的线。<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> D 线的强度意味着它已在许多其他天文环境中被检测到。在恒星中，可以在任何表面冷却到足以使钠以原子形式（而不是电离的离子形式）看到它。这对应于<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83-%E7%99%BD%E7%9F%AE%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="黃-白矮星">黃-白矮星</a>和温度更低的恒星。许多恒星似乎有钠吸收线，但这实际上是由前面的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%99%85%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="星际物质">星际物质</a>中的气体引起的。这两者可以通过高分辨率光谱来区分，因为星际谱线比通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" title="恆星自轉">恒星自转</a>产生的线窄得多。<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> 在许多<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a>环境中也检测到了钠，包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a>的大气层、<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E9%80%B8%E5%B1%82" title="散逸层">散逸层</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>和许多天体。一些<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E5%B0%BE" title="彗尾">彗尾</a>中含有钠，<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a>而它们是在 1997 年对<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B0%94-%E6%B3%A2%E6%99%AE%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="海尔-波普彗星">海尔-波普彗星</a>的观测中首次发现的。<a href="#cite_note-Cremonese1997-44">[44]</a>钠甚至在一些<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%96%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="太阳系外行星">太阳系外行星</a>的大气中被检测到了。<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生产">生产</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：生产">编辑</a>]</div> 全球每年生产 100,000 吨的金属钠。<a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-14">[14]</a>其在 19 世纪后期首次商业化生产<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a>，由<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸钠">碳酸钠</a>在 1100 °C下的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="碳热反应">碳热反应</a>而成。这类似于生产金属铝的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德维尔法（页面不存在）">德维尔法</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deville_process" class="extiw" title="en:Deville process">Deville process</a>）的第一步。<a href="#cite_note-kirk-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <dl><dd>Na2CO3 + 2 C → 2 Na + 3 CO</dd></dl> 人们对铝的高需求创造了生产钠的需求。通过<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="电解">电解</a>熔盐浴生产铝的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%EF%BC%8D%E5%9F%83%E9%B2%81%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="霍尔－埃鲁法">霍尔－埃鲁法</a>的引入结束了对大量钠的需求。1886年，又开发了基于还原氢氧化钠的相关工艺。<a href="#cite_note-kirk-47">[47]</a> 基于 1924 年获得专利的工艺，钠现在是通过熔融<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="电解">电解</a>来进行商业生产。<a href="#cite_note-pauling-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-losal-51">[51]</a>这个反应会在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%93%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="当斯槽（页面不存在）">当斯槽</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs_Cell" class="extiw" title="en:Downs Cell">Downs Cell</a>）中完成，其中 NaCl 会和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%99" class="mw-redirect" title="氯化钙">氯化钙</a>混合，使<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a>下降到 700 °C以下。由于<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">钙</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%AD%A3%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="电正性">电正性</a>比钠低，所以没有钙会沉积在阴极。<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>这个方法比之前的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡斯纳法（页面不存在）">卡斯纳法</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castner_process" class="extiw" title="en:Castner process">Castner process</a>）（电解<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>）便宜。<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> 由于储存和运输困难，钠的市场波动较大。它必须储存在干燥的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" title="非活性氣體">非活性气体</a>气氛或<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="无水">无水</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9%E6%B2%B9" title="矿物油">矿物油</a>里，以防止形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氧化钠">氧化钠</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="超氧化钠">超氧化钠</a>氧化膜。<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用处">用处</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：用处">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E8%A1%A5%E5%85%85%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="钠补充剂">钠补充剂</a></div> 尽管金属钠有很多重要的用处，钠化合物有更多的用处。例如，全球每年都会生产数百万吨的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸钠">碳酸钠</a>。氯化钠广泛用于<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A4%E5%86%B0" title="除冰">除冰</a>，也用作为防腐剂。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸氢钠">碳酸氢钠</a>的使用包括烘焙、作为膨松剂和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%89%93%E7%88%86%E7%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏打爆破（页面不存在）">苏打爆破</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodablasting" class="extiw" title="en:Sodablasting">Sodablasting</a>）。类似钾，许多重要的药物都添加了钠以提高<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E5%BA%A6" title="生物利用度">生物利用度</a>。虽然在大多数情况下，钾是更好的离子，但钠的价格和原子量较低。<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢化钠">氢化钠</a>在各种有机反应（例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%9F%E9%86%9B%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="羟醛反应">羟醛反应</a>）和无机化学中用作还原剂。<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> 金属钠主要用于制造<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="硼氢化钠">硼氢化钠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="叠氮化钠">叠氮化钠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9B%E8%93%9D" title="靛蓝">靛蓝</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%AF%E5%9F%BA%E8%86%A6" title="三苯基膦">三苯基膦</a>。曾经，钠常见的用途是制造<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E4%B9%99%E5%9F%BA%E9%89%9B" title="四乙基鉛">四乙基铅</a>和金属钛。由于四乙基铅被淘汰了，新的钛生产方法也出现了，钠的产量在 1970 年后下降。<a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-14">[14]</a>钠还用作合金、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E6%B0%B4%E8%BD%AF%E5%8C%96" title="硬水软化">硬水软化</a>、<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>以及当其它物质无效时，金属的还原剂。<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E7%81%AF" title="钠灯">钠灯</a>有时用于城市的街道照明，会发出橙黄色至桃色的光。<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a>钠或<a href="/wiki/NaK" class="mw-redirect" title="NaK">和钾的合金</a>都是<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E7%87%A5%E5%89%82" title="干燥剂">干燥剂</a>，在干燥时会和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E8%8B%AF%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%B2%E9%85%AE" title="二苯基甲酮">二苯基甲酮</a>一起形成强烈的蓝色。<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="有机合成">有机合成</a>中，钠可用于各种反应，如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%A5%87%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="伯奇还原反应">伯奇还原反应</a>，也可用于<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="钠融合试验（页面不存在）">钠融合试验</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sodium_fusion_test" class="extiw" title="en:sodium fusion test">sodium fusion test</a>）以定性分析化合物。<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a>钠和醇反应，形成醇钠；而钠的氨溶液可以把炔烃还原成反式烯烃。<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>放射钠 D光的激光器用于制造<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%B0%8E%E5%BC%95%E6%98%9F" title="雷射導引星">激光导引星</a>，辅助陆基可见光望远镜的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="自适应光学">自适应光学</a>。<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="传播热量">传播热量</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：传播热量">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg/400px-Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg/600px-Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg/800px-Phase_diagram_potassium_sodium_s_l.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption>NaK <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%9B%BE" title="相图">相图</a>，显示熔点与钾浓度的关系。含有 77%钾的钠钾合金是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="共晶系統">共晶系统</a>，熔点最低，为 −12.6 °C。<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></figcaption></figure> 液态钠在<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E5%86%B7%E5%BF%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86" title="钠冷快中子反应堆">某些核反应堆</a>中用作<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%8D%B4%E5%89%82" title="冷却剂">传热剂</a><a href="#cite_note-sodiumcoolant-65">[65]</a>，因为它具有在反应堆中实现高中子通量所需的高热导率和低中子吸收<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%AA%E9%9D%A2_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86)" title="截面 (物理)">截面</a>。<a href="#cite_note-nrc-66">[66]</a>钠的较高沸点允许反应堆在正常压力下运行，<a href="#cite_note-nrc-66">[66]</a>但它的缺点包括不透明性（阻碍了视觉维护）以及爆炸性。<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a>放射性的<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89-24" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉-24">钠-24</a>在运行过程中可能由钠的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E6%B4%BB%E5%8C%96" title="中子活化">中子活化</a>产生，有轻微辐射危害。在从反应堆中取出后的几天内，它的放射性就会停止。<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a>如果反应堆需要频繁开关，就会使用 <a href="/wiki/NaK" class="mw-redirect" title="NaK">NaK</a>，因为 NaK 在室温下是液体，不会在管道中凝固。<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a>在这种情况下，钾的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%87%83%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="自燃性">自燃性</a>需要额外的预防措施来防止和检测。<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a>钠的另一种传热应用是高性能内燃机中的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%8D%87%E9%98%80" title="提升阀">提升阀</a>。阀杆部分中充满钠，并作为<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1" title="熱導管">热导管</a>来冷却阀门。<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生物影响">生物影响</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：生物影响">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E9%92%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物学中的钠（页面不存在）">生物学中的钠</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_in_biology" class="extiw" title="en:Sodium in biology">Sodium in biology</a>）</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="对人体的影响">对人体的影响</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：对人体的影响">编辑</a>]</div> 鈉是人體必需的礦物質營養素<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a>。它可调节<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a>体积、血压、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%97%E9%80%8F" title="渗透">渗透</a>平衡和 <a href="/wiki/PH" class="mw-redirect" title="PH">pH</a>。钠的最低生理需求从新生儿的每天约 120 毫克到 10 岁以上的每天 500 毫克不等。 <a href="#cite_note-r31-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="含量與分佈">含量與分佈</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：含量與分佈">编辑</a>]</div> 人體鈉含量為105克，其中<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E9%AA%BC" title="骨骼">骨骼</a>表面佔總含量的30%。血鈉正常濃度為每升<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a>含鈉3.15-3.4克。<a href="#cite_note-r32-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="饮食">饮食</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：饮食">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>是饮食中钠的主要来源，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%8C%E5%88%B6%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="腌制食品">腌制食品</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E5%B9%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="肉干">肉干</a>等商品中用作调味品和防腐剂。对于美国人来说，大多数氯化钠来自<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BE%BF%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="方便食品">方便食品</a>。<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a>钠的其它来源包括食物中天然存在的钠和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="谷氨酸钠">谷氨酸钠</a> (MSG)、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="亚硝酸钠">亚硝酸钠</a>、糖精钠、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸氢钠">碳酸氢钠</a>（泡打粉）和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="苯甲酸钠">苯甲酸钠</a>等食品添加剂。<a href="#cite_note-medline-77">[77]</a> 成人每日建議攝取量為2.3克，兒童與少年為1.5-2.2克<a href="#cite_note-r32-75">[75]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="美国国家医学院">美国国家医学院</a>将钠的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E8%86%B3%E9%A3%9F%E6%91%84%E5%85%A5%E9%87%8F" title="参考膳食摄入量">可耐受最高摄入量</a>设为每天 2.3 克，<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a>但一个普通美国人每天消耗 3.4 克的钠。<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%BF%83%E8%84%8F%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="美国心脏协会">美国心脏协会</a>建议每天摄入不超过 1.5 克的钠。<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="高钠消耗">高钠消耗</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：高钠消耗">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%90%E5%AF%B9%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盐对健康的影响（页面不存在）">盐对健康的影响</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_salt" class="extiw" title="en:Health effects of salt">Health effects of salt</a>）</div> 摄入高钠並不健康，会导致心脏机械性能的改变。<a href="#cite_note-:1-81">[81]</a>高钠摄入还与<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BE%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="慢性肾病">慢性肾病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="高血压">高血压</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="心血管疾病">心血管疾病</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%A3%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="中风">中风</a>有关。<a href="#cite_note-:1-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="高血压">高血压</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：高血压">编辑</a>]</div> 较高的钠摄入量与较高的血压之间存在很强的相关性。<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a>有研究发现，每天将钠摄入量降低 2 克，会使<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E7%BC%A9%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="收缩压">收缩压</a>降低约 2到 4<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E7%B1%B3%E6%B1%9E%E6%9F%B1" title="毫米汞柱">毫米汞柱</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Impact-83">[83]</a>据估计，钠摄入量的减少将会使<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="高血压">高血压</a>病例减少 9% 至 17%。<a href="#cite_note-Impact-83">[83]</a> 高血压每年导致全球 760 万人过早死亡。<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a>（注意盐里只含有 39.3% 的钠，<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a>剩下的部分都是氯和其它微量元素，所以 2.3 g 的钠就是 5.9 g的食盐，约为一<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%B6%E5%8C%99_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="茶匙 (單位)">茶匙</a>。<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-fda-87">[87]</a>）<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E8%8D%AF%E5%93%81%E7%9B%91%E7%9D%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B1%80" title="美国食品药品监督管理局">美国食品药品监督管理局</a>规定，患有高血压和前高血压的成年人应将每日钠摄入量减少到 1.5 克。<a href="#cite_note-fda-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="生理影响">生理影响</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：生理影响">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BE%E7%B4%A0-%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%B4%A7%E5%BC%A0%E7%B4%A0%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="肾素-血管紧张素系统">肾素-血管紧张素系统</a>调节体内的液体量和钠浓度。肾脏中血压和钠浓度的降低会导致<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BE%E7%B4%A0" title="肾素">肾素</a>的产生，进而产生<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E5%9B%BA%E9%85%AE" title="醛固酮">醛固酮</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%B4%A7%E5%BC%A0%E7%B4%A0" title="血管紧张素">血管紧张素</a>，从而刺激钠重新吸收回到血液中。当钠浓度增加时，肾素的产生减少，钠浓度恢复正常。<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a>钠离子 (Na+) 是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="神经元">神经元</a>功能以及细胞和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%A4%96%E6%B6%B2" title="细胞外液">细胞外液</a>之间渗透调节的重要电解质。这在所有动物中都是通过<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0%E9%92%BE%E6%B3%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="钠钾泵">钠钾泵</a>来实现的。 <a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a>钠是细胞外液中最普遍的金属离子。<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> 人类血液中异常低或异常高的钠水平在医学上分别为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%A1%80%E9%88%89%E7%97%87" title="低血鈉症">低血钠症</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E9%88%89%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="高血鈉症">高血钠症</a>。这些情况可能是由遗传因素、衰老或长期呕吐或腹泻引起的。<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="对植物的影响">对植物的影响</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：对植物的影响">编辑</a>]</div> 在<a href="/wiki/C4%E7%B1%BB%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="C4类植物">C4类植物</a>中，钠是一种有助于新陈代谢的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E9%87%8F%E8%90%A5%E5%85%BB%E7%B4%A0" title="微量营养素">微量营养素</a>，特别是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E7%83%AF%E9%86%87%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE%E9%85%B8" title="磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸">磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸</a>的再生和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%BF%E7%B4%A0" title="叶绿素">叶绿素</a>的合成中。<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a>它在多种作用中可以替代<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">钾</a>，例如维持<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A8%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="膨压">膨压</a>和帮助<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%AD%94" title="气孔">气孔</a>的打开和关闭。<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a>土壤中过量的钠会通过降低<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%BF" title="水势">水势</a>来限制水分的吸收，这可能会导致植物枯萎。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="细胞质">细胞质</a>中钠浓度过高会导致酶抑制，进而导致坏死和萎黄病。<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a>作为回应，一些植物已经发展出机制来限制根部对钠的吸收，将其储存在细胞的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E8%83%9E" title="液胞">液胞</a>中，并限制盐分从根部向叶子的运输。<a href="#cite_note-halo-95">[95]</a>过量的钠也可能储存在旧的植物组织中，限制对新生长的植物组织的损害。<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="盐生植物">盐生植物</a>已经适应在富含钠的环境中繁衍生息。<a href="#cite_note-halo-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="危险性">危险性</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：危险性">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84001320">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox nounderlines" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" rules="all" style="background-color:#f0f0f0; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-color: #aaaaaa; border-style:solid; border:1px; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; width:305px; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:120%; text-align:center; background:#d6e0dc;">钠 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/File:Na_(Sodium).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/200px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/300px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/400px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">危险性 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="全球化学品统一分类和标签制度">GHS危险性符号</a> <a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中易燃物的标签图案"><img alt="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中易燃物的标签图案" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中腐蚀性物质的标签图案"><img alt="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中腐蚀性物质的标签图案" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="全球化学品统一分类和标签制度">GHS提示词</a> </td> <td>Danger </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%A9%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E" title="GHS危险说明">H-术语</a> </td> <td>H260, H314 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS%E9%98%B2%E8%8C%83%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E" title="GHS防范说明">P-术语</a> </td> <td>P223, P231+232, P280, P305+351+338, P370+378, P422<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704">NFPA 704</a> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; height: 85px; width: 75px;"> <div style="position: absolute; height: 75px; width: 75px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NFPA_704.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/75px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/113px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/150px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div> <div title="可燃性" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 3px; font-size: large;">2</div> <div title="健康" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; font-size: large;">3</div> <div title="反應性" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; left: 37.5px; font-size: large;">2</div> <div title="其它危險" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 44px; font-size: small;"> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">若非注明，所有数据均出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="标准状态">标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）</a>下。 </td></tr></tbody></table> 钠遇水形成可燃的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A3" title="氫氣">氢气</a>和腐蚀性的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氢氧化钠">氢氧化钠</a>，<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a>因此摄入并接触皮肤、眼睛或<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%98%E8%86%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="粘膜">粘膜</a>上的水分会导致严重灼伤。<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-prudent-99">[99]</a>钠在水中爆炸，因为形成了高爆炸性的氢气和可溶于水的氢氧化钠（这使表面积增加）。然而，钠在空气中被点燃或自燃（据报道，当钠达到 290 °C时发生）<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a>产生的火相对温和。如果是大块的钠（非熔融），由于会形成保护层，它与氧气的反应会变慢。<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a>水类<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AD%E7%81%AB%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="灭火器">灭火器</a>只会加剧钠火，二氧化碳和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%9F%E6%B0%AF%E6%BA%B4%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="二氟氯溴甲烷">二氟氯溴甲烷</a>也不应该用于钠火。<a href="#cite_note-prudent-99">[99]</a>金属产生的火是<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%85%E7%81%AB%E5%99%A8#D類火" title="滅火器">D类火</a>，但不是所有的 D类灭火器都对钠火有效。一种对钠火有效的灭火剂为 Met-L-X。<a href="#cite_note-prudent-99">[99]</a>其它有效灭火剂包括 Lith-X，由<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨">石墨</a>粉、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="有机磷酸酯">有机磷酸酯</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E7%87%83%E5%89%82" title="阻燃剂">阻燃剂</a>和干沙组成。<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a>通过惰性气体将钠与氧气隔离，可以防止核反应堆中的钠火灾。<a href="#cite_note-fission-103">[103]</a>使用称为集水盘系统的多种设计措施可以防止池型钠火。它们将泄漏的钠收集到一个与氧气隔离的泄漏回收罐中。<a href="#cite_note-fission-103">[103]</a> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料">参考资料</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：参考资料">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIAAW2021-1"><a href="#cite_ref-CIAAW2021_1-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/pac-2019-0603/html">Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)</a>. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1365-3075">ISSN 1365-3075</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fpac-2019-0603">doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603</a> （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Standard+atomic+weights+of+the+elements+2021+%28IUPAC+Technical+Report%29&rft.au=B%C3%B6hlke%2C+John+K.&rft.au=Benefield%2C+Jacqueline&rft.au=Chesson%2C+Lesley+A.&rft.au=Coplen%2C+Tyler+B.&rft.au=Ding%2C+Tiping&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Philip+J.+H.&rft.au=Gr%C3%B6ning%2C+Manfred&rft.au=Holden%2C+Norman+E.&rft.au=Irrgeher%2C+Johanna&rft.au=Meijer%2C+Harro+A.+J.&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.aulast=Prohaska&rft.date=2022-05-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1365-3075&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Chemistry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdocument%2Fdoi%2F10.1515%2Fpac-2019-0603%2Fhtml&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fpac-2019-0603&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenwood75-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Greenwood75_2-0">^</a> Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 75 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161017234708/http://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/chemistry/compounds-and-elements/alkali-metals">"Alkali Metals." Science of Everyday Things</a>. Encyclopedia.com. [2016-10-15]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/chemistry/compounds-and-elements/alkali-metals">原始内容</a>存档于2016-10-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=%22Alkali+Metals.%22+Science+of+Everyday+Things&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia.com&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fscience-and-technology%2Fchemistry%2Fcompounds-and-elements%2Falkali-metals&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Gatti, M.; Tokatly, I.; Rubio, A. Sodium: A Charge-Transfer Insulator at High Pressures. <a href="/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical Review Letters">Physical Review Letters</a>. 2010, 104 (21): 216404. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PhRvL.104u6404G">Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104u6404G</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20867123">PMID 20867123</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18359072">S2CID 18359072</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1003.0540">arXiv:1003.0540</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.216404">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.216404</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium%3A+A+Charge-Transfer+Insulator+at+High+Pressures&rft.au=Rubio%2C+A.&rft.au=Tokatly%2C+I.&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.aulast=Gatti&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.pages=216404&rft.volume=104&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A18359072&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1003.0540&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PhRvL.104u6404G&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.216404&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20867123&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Schumann, Walter. Minerals of the World 2nd. Sterling. 2008-08-05: 28. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4027-5339-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4027-5339-8">ISBN 978-1-4027-5339-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/637302667">OCLC 637302667</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.btitle=Minerals+of+the+World&rft.date=2008-08-05&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4027-5339-8&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Sterling&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F637302667&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Citron-PRL-1977-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Citron-PRL-1977_6-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Citron, M. L.; Gabel, C.; Stroud, C.; Stroud, C. Experimental Study of Power Broadening in a Two-Level Atom. Physical Review A. 1977, 16 (4): 1507–1512. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977PhRvA..16.1507C">Bibcode:1977PhRvA..16.1507C</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevA.16.1507">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.16.1507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Experimental+Study+of+Power+Broadening+in+a+Two-Level+Atom&rft.au=Gabel%2C+C.&rft.au=Stroud%2C+C.&rft.au=Stroud%2C+C.&rft.aufirst=M.+L.&rft.aulast=Citron&rft.date=1977&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+A&rft.pages=1507-1512&rft.volume=16&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1977PhRvA..16.1507C&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevA.16.1507&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Denisenkov, P. A.; Ivanov, V. V. Sodium Synthesis in Hydrogen Burning Stars. Soviet Astronomy Letters. 1987, 13: 214. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987SvAL...13..214D">Bibcode:1987SvAL...13..214D</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+Synthesis+in+Hydrogen+Burning+Stars&rft.au=Ivanov%2C+V.+V.&rft.aufirst=P.+A.&rft.aulast=Denisenkov&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soviet+Astronomy+Letters&rft.pages=214&rft.volume=13&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987SvAL...13..214D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaldert_Wapstra" class="extiw" title="en:Aaldert Wapstra">Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document">The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties</a>. Nuclear Physics A. 2003, 729: 3–128. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003NuPhA.729....3A">Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0375-9474">ISSN 0375-9474</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001">doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=The+N%3Csmall%3EUBASE%3C%2Fsmall%3E+evaluation+of+nuclear+and+decay+properties&rft.au=Bersillon%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Blachot%2C+Jean&rft.au=Wapstra%2C+Aaldert+Hendrik&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft.aulast=Audi&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0375-9474&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Physics+A&rft.pages=3-128&rft.volume=729&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fin2p3-00020241%2Fdocument&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003NuPhA.729....3A&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Sanders, F. W.; Auxier, J. A. Neutron Activation of Sodium in Anthropomorphous Phantoms. Health Physics. 1962, 8 (4): 371–379. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14496815">PMID 14496815</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F00004032-196208000-00005">doi:10.1097/00004032-196208000-00005</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Neutron+Activation+of+Sodium+in+Anthropomorphous+Phantoms&rft.au=Auxier%2C+J.+A.&rft.aufirst=F.+W.&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.date=1962&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.pages=371-379&rft.volume=8&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F00004032-196208000-00005&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14496815&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lawrie Ryan; Roger Norris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgeinterna0000ryan">Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry Coursebook</a> illustrated. Cambridge University Press, 2014. 2014-07-31: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgeinterna0000ryan/page/36">36</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-107-63845-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-107-63845-7">ISBN 978-1-107-63845-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Lawrie+Ryan&rft.au=Roger+Norris&rft.btitle=Cambridge+International+AS+and+A+Level+Chemistry+Coursebook&rft.date=2014-07-31&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-107-63845-7&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press%2C+2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgeinterna0000ryan&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web">De Leon, N. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181016113143/http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/modern-atomic-theory/alkali-reac.html">Reactivity of Alkali Metals</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indiana_University_Northwest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indiana University Northwest（页面不存在）">Indiana University Northwest</a>. [2007-12-07]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/modern-atomic-theory/alkali-reac.html">原始内容</a>存档于2018-10-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.aulast=De+Leon&rft.btitle=Reactivity+of+Alkali+Metals&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Northwest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iun.edu%2F~cpanhd%2FC101webnotes%2Fmodern-atomic-theory%2Falkali-reac.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Atkins, Peter W.; de Paula, Julio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/physicalchemistr0000atki">Physical Chemistry</a> 7th. W. H. Freeman. 2002. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7167-3539-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7167-3539-7">ISBN 978-0-7167-3539-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/3345182">OCLC 3345182</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=de+Paula%2C+Julio&rft.aufirst=Peter+W.&rft.aulast=Atkins&rft.btitle=Physical+Chemistry&rft.date=2002&rft.edition=7th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7167-3539-7&rft.pub=W.+H.+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fphysicalchemistr0000atki&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3345182&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Davies, Julian A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/syntheticcoordin0000unse">Synthetic Coordination Chemistry: Principles and Practice</a>. World Scientific. 1996: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/syntheticcoordin0000unse/page/293">293</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-981-02-2084-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-981-02-2084-6">ISBN 978-981-02-2084-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/717012347">OCLC 717012347</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Julian+A.&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.btitle=Synthetic+Coordination+Chemistry%3A+Principles+and+Practice&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-981-02-2084-6&rft.pages=293&rft.pub=World+Scientific&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsyntheticcoordin0000unse&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F717012347&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ullmann-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_14-0">14.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_14-1">14.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_14-2">14.2</a> <cite id="CITEREFKlemmHartmannLange2000" class="citation">Klemm, Alfred; Hartmann, Gabriele; Lange, Ludwig, Sodium and Sodium Alloys, Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2000-06-15, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a24_277">doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_277</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Hartmann%2C+Gabriele&rft.au=Lange%2C+Ludwig&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.aulast=Klemm&rft.btitle=Sodium+and+Sodium+Alloys&rft.date=2000-06-15&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Weinheim%2C+Germany&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH+Verlag+GmbH+%26+Co.+KGaA&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14356007.a24_277&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Holl-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holl_15-0">15.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holl_15-1">15.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Holleman, Arnold F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils. Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie 91–100. Walter de Gruyter. 1985: 931–943. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-11-007511-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-11-007511-3">ISBN 978-3-11-007511-3</a> （德语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+Egon&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+Nils&rft.aufirst=Arnold+F.&rft.aulast=Holleman&rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+Anorganischen+Chemie&rft.date=1985&rft.edition=91%E2%80%93100&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-11-007511-3&rft.pages=931-943&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Cowan, James A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inorganicbiochem0000cowa">Inorganic Biochemistry: An Introduction</a>. Wiley-VCH. 1997: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inorganicbiochem0000cowa/page/7">7</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-471-18895-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-471-18895-7">ISBN 978-0-471-18895-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/34515430">OCLC 34515430</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft.aulast=Cowan&rft.btitle=Inorganic+Biochemistry%3A+An+Introduction&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-471-18895-7&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finorganicbiochem0000cowa&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F34515430&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenwood84-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Greenwood84_17-0">^</a> Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 84 </li> <li id="cite_note-Lincoln-18"><a href="#cite_ref-Lincoln_18-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lincoln, S. F.; Richens, D. T.; Sykes, A. G. Metal Aqua Ions. Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II. 2004: 515. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-08-043748-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-08-043748-4">ISBN 978-0-08-043748-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB0-08-043748-6%2F01055-0">doi:10.1016/B0-08-043748-6/01055-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Metal+Aqua+Ions&rft.au=Richens%2C+D.+T.&rft.au=Sykes%2C+A.+G.&rft.aufirst=S.+F.&rft.aulast=Lincoln&rft.btitle=Comprehensive+Coordination+Chemistry+II&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-08-043748-4&rft.pages=515&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB0-08-043748-6%2F01055-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Dean, John Aurie; Lange, Norbert Adolph. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry. McGraw-Hill. 1998. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-07-016384-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-07-016384-3">ISBN 978-0-07-016384-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Lange%2C+Norbert+Adolph&rft.aufirst=John+Aurie&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.btitle=Lange%27s+Handbook+of+Chemistry&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-07-016384-3&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Burgess, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/metalionsinsolut0000john">Metal Ions in Solution</a>. New York: Ellis Horwood. 1978. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-85312-027-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-85312-027-8">ISBN 978-0-85312-027-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.btitle=Metal+Ions+in+Solution&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-85312-027-8&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Ellis+Horwood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmetalionsinsolut0000john&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Starks, Charles M.; Liotta, Charles L.; Halpern, Marc. Phase-Transfer Catalysis: Fundamentals, Applications, and Industrial Perspectives. Chapman & Hall. 1994: 162. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-412-04071-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-412-04071-9">ISBN 978-0-412-04071-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/28027599">OCLC 28027599</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Halpern%2C+Marc&rft.au=Liotta%2C+Charles+L.&rft.aufirst=Charles+M.&rft.aulast=Starks&rft.btitle=Phase-Transfer+Catalysis%3A+Fundamentals%2C+Applications%2C+and+Industrial+Perspectives&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-412-04071-9&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Chapman+%26+Hall&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F28027599&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Levy, G. B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205222850/http://www.clinchem.org/content/27/8/1435">Determination of Sodium with Ion-Selective Electrodes</a>. Clinical Chemistry. 1981, 27 (8): 1435–1438 [2021-07-16]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7273405">PMID 7273405</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fclinchem%2F27.8.1435">doi:10.1093/clinchem/27.8.1435</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clinchem.org/content/27/8/1435">原始内容</a>存档于2016-02-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Sodium+with+Ion-Selective+Electrodes&rft.aufirst=G.+B.&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.date=1981&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=8&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Chemistry&rft.pages=1435-1438&rft.volume=27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clinchem.org%2Fcontent%2F27%2F8%2F1435&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fclinchem%2F27.8.1435&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7273405&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Ivor L. Simmons (编). Applications of the Newer Techniques of Analysis. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. 2012-12-06: 160. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4684-3318-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4684-3318-0">ISBN 978-1-4684-3318-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Ivor+L.+Simmons&rft.btitle=Applications+of+the+Newer+Techniques+of+Analysis&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4684-3318-0&rft.pages=160&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media%2C+2012&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Xu Hou (编). Design, Fabrication, Properties and Applications of Smart and Advanced Materials illustrated. CRC Press, 2016. 2016-06-22: 175. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4987-2249-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4987-2249-0">ISBN 978-1-4987-2249-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Xu+Hou&rft.btitle=Design%2C+Fabrication%2C+Properties+and+Applications+of+Smart+and+Advanced+Materials&rft.date=2016-06-22&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4987-2249-0&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=CRC+Press%2C+2016&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Nikos Hadjichristidis; Akira Hirao (编). Anionic Polymerization: Principles, Practice, Strength, Consequences and Applications illustrated. Springer. 2015: 349. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-4-431-54186-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-4-431-54186-8">ISBN 978-4-431-54186-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Akira+Hirao&rft.au=Nikos+Hadjichristidis&rft.btitle=Anionic+Polymerization%3A+Principles%2C+Practice%2C+Strength%2C+Consequences+and+Applications&rft.date=2015&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-4-431-54186-8&rft.pages=349&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E.; Wiberg, N. Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-12-352651-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-12-352651-9">ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/48056955">OCLC 48056955</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+E.&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+N.&rft.aufirst=A.+F.&rft.aulast=Holleman&rft.btitle=Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-352651-9&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48056955&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Dye, J. L.; Ceraso, J. M.; Mei Lok Tak; Barnett, B. L.; Tehan, F. J. Crystalline Salt of the Sodium Anion (Na−). <a href="/wiki/J._Am._Chem._Soc." class="mw-redirect" title="J. Am. Chem. Soc.">J. Am. Chem. Soc.</a> 1974, 96 (2): 608–609. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fja00809a060">doi:10.1021/ja00809a060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Crystalline+Salt+of+the+Sodium+Anion+%28Na%3Csup%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fsup%3E%29&rft.au=Barnett%2C+B.+L.&rft.au=Ceraso%2C+J.+M.&rft.au=Mei+Lok+Tak&rft.au=Tehan%2C+F.+J.&rft.aufirst=J.+L.&rft.aulast=Dye&rft.date=1974&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=J.+Am.+Chem.+Soc.&rft.pages=608-609&rft.volume=96&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja00809a060&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> (1943) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=CV2P0607">Triphenylmethylsodium</a>". <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%88%E6%88%90_(%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A)" title="有机合成 (期刊)">Org. Synth.</a>; Coll. Vol. 2: 607.</cite>  </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 111 </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Habashi, Fathi. Alloys: Preparation, Properties, Applications. John Wiley & Sons, 2008. 2008-11-21: 278–280. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-527-61192-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-527-61192-8">ISBN 978-3-527-61192-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Fathi&rft.aulast=Habashi&rft.btitle=Alloys%3A+Preparation%2C+Properties%2C+Applications&rft.date=2008-11-21&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-527-61192-8&rft.pages=278-280&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+2008&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-newton-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newton_31-0">31.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newton_31-1">31.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Newton, David E. Baker, Lawrence W. , 编. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chemicalelements00newt_0">Chemical Elements</a>. U·X·L. 1999. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7876-2847-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7876-2847-5">ISBN 978-0-7876-2847-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/39778687">OCLC 39778687</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.btitle=Chemical+Elements&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7876-2847-5&rft.pub=U%C2%B7X%C2%B7L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchemicalelements00newt_0&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39778687&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Davy1807-32"><a href="#cite_ref-Davy1807_32-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Davy, Humphry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312220213/https://books.google.com/books?id=gpwEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA57">On some new phenomena of chemical changes produced by electricity, particularly the decomposition of the fixed alkalies, and the exhibition of the new substances which constitute their bases; and on the general nature of alkaline bodies</a>. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 1808, 98: 1–44 [2021-07-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstl.1808.0001">doi:10.1098/rstl.1808.0001</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gpwEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA57">原始内容</a>存档于2021-03-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=On+some+new+phenomena+of+chemical+changes+produced+by+electricity%2C+particularly+the+decomposition+of+the+fixed+alkalies%2C+and+the+exhibition+of+the+new+substances+which+constitute+their+bases%3B+and+on+the+general+nature+of+alkaline+bodies&rft.aufirst=Humphry&rft.aulast=Davy&rft.date=1808&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.pages=1-44&rft.volume=98&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgpwEAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA57&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstl.1808.0001&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-weeks-33"><a href="#cite_ref-weeks_33-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Elvira_Weeks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Elvira Weeks（页面不存在）">Weeks, Mary Elvira</a>. The discovery of the elements. IX. Three alkali metals: Potassium, sodium, and lithium. Journal of Chemical Education. 1932, 9 (6): 1035. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JChEd...9.1035W">Bibcode:1932JChEd...9.1035W</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fed009p1035">doi:10.1021/ed009p1035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=The+discovery+of+the+elements.+IX.+Three+alkali+metals%3A+Potassium%2C+sodium%2C+and+lithium&rft.aufirst=Mary+Elvira&rft.aulast=Weeks&rft.date=1932&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Education&rft.pages=1035&rft.volume=9&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1932JChEd...9.1035W&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fed009p1035&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> J. Jacob Berzelius, Försök, att, genom användandet af den electrokemiska theorien och de kemiska proportionerna, grundlägga ett rent vettenskapligt system för mineralogien [Attempt, by the use of electrochemical theory and chemical proportions, to found a pure scientific system for mineralogy] (Stockholm, Sweden: A. Gadelius, 1814), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_Uw0-AAAAcAAJ#page/n91/mode/2up">p. 87.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web">van der Krogt, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100123001459/http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Na">Elementymology & Elements Multidict</a>. [2007-06-08]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Na">原始内容</a>存档于2010-01-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.aulast=van+der+Krogt&rft.btitle=Elementymology+%26+Elements+Multidict&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felements.vanderkrogt.net%2Felement.php%3Fsym%3DNa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Shortland, Andrew; Schachner, Lukas; Freestone, Ian; Tite, Michael. Natron as a flux in the early vitreous materials industry: sources, beginnings and reasons for decline. Journal of Archaeological Science. 2006, 33 (4): 521–530. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jas.2005.09.011">doi:10.1016/j.jas.2005.09.011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Natron+as+a+flux+in+the+early+vitreous+materials+industry%3A+sources%2C+beginnings+and+reasons+for+decline&rft.au=Freestone%2C+Ian&rft.au=Schachner%2C+Lukas&rft.au=Shortland%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Tite%2C+Michael&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.pages=521-530&rft.volume=33&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2005.09.011&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenwood69-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Greenwood69_37-0">^</a> Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 69 </li> <li id="cite_note-abundancecrc-38"><a href="#cite_ref-abundancecrc_38-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lide, David R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161207055929/https://books.google.com/books?id=kTnxSi2B2FcC">CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=CRC_Handbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRC Handbook（页面不存在）">CRC Handbook</a>. CRC Press. 2003-06-19. 14: Abundance of Elements in the Earth's Crust and in the Sea [2021-07-16]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8493-0484-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8493-0484-2">ISBN 978-0-8493-0484-2</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kTnxSi2B2FcC">原始内容</a>存档于2016-12-07） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft.aulast=Lide&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics%2C+84th+Edition&rft.date=2003-06-19&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-0484-2&rft.pages=14%3A+Abundance+of+Elements+in+the+Earth%27s+Crust+and+in+the+Sea&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.series=CRC+Handbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkTnxSi2B2FcC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107032648/https://www.britannica.com/topic/D-lines">D-lines</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. spectroscopy. [2017-11-06]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/D-lines">原始内容</a>存档于2017-11-07） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=D-lines&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.series=spectroscopy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FD-lines&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Welty, Daniel E.; Hobbs, L.M.; Kulkarni, Varsha P. A high-resolution survey of interstellar Na I D1 lines. The Astrophysical Journal. 1994, 436: 152. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994ApJ...436..152W">Bibcode:1994ApJ...436..152W</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F174889">doi:10.1086/174889</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=A+high-resolution+survey+of+interstellar+Na+I+D1+lines&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+L.M.&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Varsha+P.&rft.aufirst=Daniel+E.&rft.aulast=Welty&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.pages=152&rft.volume=436&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994ApJ...436..152W&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F174889&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200316162517/https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/mercury/in-depth/">Mercury</a>. NASA Solar System Exploration. In Depth. [2020-02-29]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/mercury/in-depth">原始内容</a>存档于2020-03-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Mercury&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA+Solar+System+Exploration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.nasa.gov%2Fplanets%2Fmercury%2Fin-depth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Colaprete, A.; Sarantos, M.; Wooden, D.H.; Stubbs, T.J.; Cook, A.M.; Shirley, M. How surface composition and meteoroid impacts mediate sodium and potassium in the lunar exosphere. Science. 2015, 351 (6270): 249–52. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016Sci...351..249C">Bibcode:2016Sci...351..249C</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26678876">PMID 26678876</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aad2380">doi:10.1126/science.aad2380</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=How+surface+composition+and+meteoroid+impacts+mediate+sodium+and+potassium+in+the+lunar+exosphere&rft.au=Cook%2C+A.M.&rft.au=Sarantos%2C+M.&rft.au=Shirley%2C+M.&rft.au=Stubbs%2C+T.J.&rft.au=Wooden%2C+D.H.&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.aulast=Colaprete&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6270&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=249-52&rft.volume=351&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016Sci...351..249C&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.aad2380&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26678876&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422153120/http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/C/Cometary+Neutral+Tail">Cometary neutral tail</a>. astronomy.swin.edu.au. Cosmos. [2017-11-06]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/C/Cometary+Neutral+Tail">原始内容</a>存档于2018-04-22） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Cometary+neutral+tail&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=astronomy.swin.edu.au&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastronomy.swin.edu.au%2Fcosmos%2FC%2FCometary%2BNeutral%2BTail&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Cremonese1997-44"><a href="#cite_ref-Cremonese1997_44-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Cremonese, G.; Boehnhardt, H.; Crovisier, J.; Rauer, H.; Fitzsimmons, A.; Fulle, M.; et al. Neutral sodium from Comet Hale–Bopp: A third type of tail. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 1997, 490 (2): L199–L202. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...490L.199C">Bibcode:1997ApJ...490L.199C</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9710022">arXiv:astro-ph/9710022</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F311040">doi:10.1086/311040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Neutral+sodium+from+Comet+Hale%E2%80%93Bopp%3A+A+third+type+of+tail&rft.au=Boehnhardt%2C+H.&rft.au=Cremonese%2C+G.&rft.au=Crovisier%2C+J.&rft.au=Fitzsimmons%2C+A.&rft.au=Fulle%2C+M.&rft.au=Licandro%2C+J.&rft.au=Pollacco%2C+D.&rft.au=Rauer%2C+H.&rft.au=Tozzi%2C+G.P.&rft.au=West%2C+R.M.&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal+Letters&rft.pages=L199-L202&rft.volume=490&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F9710022&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997ApJ...490L.199C&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F311040&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Redfield, Seth; Endl, Michael; Cochran, William D.; Koesterke, Lars. Sodium absorption from the exoplanetary atmosphere of HD 189733b detected in the optical transmission spectrum. The Astrophysical Journal. 2008, 673 (1): L87–L90. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ApJ...673L..87R">Bibcode:2008ApJ...673L..87R</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2028887">S2CID 2028887</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/0712.0761">arXiv:0712.0761</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F527475">doi:10.1086/527475</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+absorption+from+the+exoplanetary+atmosphere+of+HD+189733b+detected+in+the+optical+transmission+spectrum&rft.au=Cochran%2C+William+D.&rft.au=Endl%2C+Michael&rft.au=Koesterke%2C+Lars&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.aulast=Redfield&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.pages=L87-L90&rft.volume=673&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2028887&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0712.0761&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008ApJ...673L..87R&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F527475&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <cite class="citation book">B. Pearson (编). Speciality Chemicals: Innovations in industrial synthesis and applications illustrated. Springer Science & Business Media, 1991. 1991-12-31: 260. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-85166-646-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-85166-646-1">ISBN 978-1-85166-646-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=B.+Pearson&rft.btitle=Speciality+Chemicals%3A+Innovations+in+industrial+synthesis+and+applications&rft.date=1991-12-31&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-85166-646-1&rft.pages=260&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media%2C+1991&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-kirk-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kirk_47-0">47.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kirk_47-1">47.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Eggeman, Tim; Updated By Staff. Sodium and Sodium Alloys. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons. 2007. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-471-23896-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-471-23896-6">ISBN 978-0-471-23896-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F0471238961.1915040912051311.a01.pub3">doi:10.1002/0471238961.1915040912051311.a01.pub3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+and+Sodium+Alloys&rft.au=Updated+By+Staff&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.aulast=Eggeman&rft.btitle=Kirk-Othmer+Encyclopedia+of+Chemical+Technology&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-471-23896-6&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F0471238961.1915040912051311.a01.pub3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Oesper, R. E.; Lemay, P. Henri Sainte-Claire Deville, 1818–1881. Chymia. 1950, 3: 205–221. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/27757153">JSTOR 27757153</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F27757153">doi:10.2307/27757153</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Henri+Sainte-Claire+Deville%2C+1818%E2%80%931881&rft.au=Lemay%2C+P.&rft.aufirst=R.+E.&rft.aulast=Oesper&rft.date=1950&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chymia&rft.pages=205-221&rft.volume=3&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27757153&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F27757153&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Banks, Alton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-chemical-education_1990-12_67_12/page/1046">Sodium</a>. Journal of Chemical Education. 1990, 67 (12): 1046. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990JChEd..67.1046B">Bibcode:1990JChEd..67.1046B</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fed067p1046">doi:10.1021/ed067p1046</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium&rft.aufirst=Alton&rft.aulast=Banks&rft.date=1990&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Education&rft.pages=1046&rft.volume=67&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-chemical-education_1990-12_67_12%2Fpage%2F1046&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990JChEd..67.1046B&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fed067p1046&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-pauling-50"><a href="#cite_ref-pauling_50-0">^</a> Pauling, Linus, General Chemistry, 1970 ed., Dover Publications </li> <li id="cite_note-losal-51"><a href="#cite_ref-losal_51-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120805125952/http://periodic.lanl.gov/11.shtml">Los Alamos National Laboratory – Sodium</a>. [2007-06-08]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/11.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2012-08-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Los+Alamos+National+Laboratory+%E2%80%93+Sodium&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperiodic.lanl.gov%2F11.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Sodium Metal from France. DIANE Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4578-1780-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4578-1780-9">ISBN 978-1-4578-1780-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Sodium+Metal+from+France&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4578-1780-9&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Mark Anthony Benvenuto. Industrial Chemistry: For Advanced Students illustrated. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015. 2015-02-24. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-11-038339-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-11-038339-3">ISBN 978-3-11-038339-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Mark+Anthony+Benvenuto&rft.btitle=Industrial+Chemistry%3A+For+Advanced+Students&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-11-038339-3&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG%2C+2015&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Stanley Nusim (编). Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients: Development, Manufacturing, and Regulation, Second Edition 2, illustrated, revised. CRC Press, 2016. 2016-04-19: 303. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4398-0339-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4398-0339-4">ISBN 978-1-4398-0339-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Stanley+Nusim&rft.btitle=Active+Pharmaceutical+Ingredients%3A+Development%2C+Manufacturing%2C+and+Regulation%2C+Second+Edition&rft.date=2016-04-19&rft.edition=2%2C+illustrated%2C+revised&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4398-0339-4&rft.pages=303&rft.pub=CRC+Press%2C+2016&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Remington, Joseph P. Beringer, Paul , 编. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/remingtonscience0000unse">Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy</a> 21st. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/remingtonscience0000unse/page/365">365</a>–366. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7817-4673-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7817-4673-1">ISBN 978-0-7817-4673-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/60679584">OCLC 60679584</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Joseph+P.&rft.aulast=Remington&rft.btitle=Remington%3A+The+Science+and+Practice+of+Pharmacy&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=21st&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7817-4673-1&rft.pages=365-366&rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fremingtonscience0000unse&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60679584&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, A. F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201224412/https://books.google.com/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA1103">Inorganic Chemistry</a>. Academic Press. 2001: 1103–1104 [2021-07-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-12-352651-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-12-352651-9">ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/48056955">OCLC 48056955</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA1103">原始内容</a>存档于2016-02-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Holleman%2C+A.+F.&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+Nils&rft.aufirst=Egon&rft.aulast=Wiberg&rft.btitle=Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-352651-9&rft.pages=1103-1104&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMtth5g59dEIC%26pg%3DPA1103&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48056955&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Harris, Jay C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160518084825/https://books.google.com/books?id=LI4KmKqca78C&pg=PA76">Metal cleaning: bibliographical abstracts, 1842–1951</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Society_for_Testing_and_Materials&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Society for Testing and Materials（页面不存在）">American Society for Testing and Materials</a>. 1949: 76 [2021-07-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1848092">OCLC 1848092</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LI4KmKqca78C&pg=PA76">原始内容</a>存档于2016-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Jay+C.&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.btitle=Metal+cleaning%3A+bibliographical+abstracts%2C+1842%E2%80%931951&rft.date=1949&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=American+Society+for+Testing+and+Materials&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLI4KmKqca78C%26pg%3DPA76&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1848092&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lindsey, Jack L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160617084350/https://books.google.com/books?id=0d7u9Nr33zIC&pg=PA112">Applied illumination engineering</a>. Fairmont Press. 1997: 112–114 [2021-07-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-88173-212-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-88173-212-2">ISBN 978-0-88173-212-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/22184876">OCLC 22184876</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0d7u9Nr33zIC&pg=PA112">原始内容</a>存档于2016-06-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Jack+L.&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.btitle=Applied+illumination+engineering&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-88173-212-2&rft.pages=112-114&rft.pub=Fairmont+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0d7u9Nr33zIC%26pg%3DPA112&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F22184876&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lerner, Leonid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512120327/https://books.google.com/books?id=VqosZeMjNjEC&pg=PA91">Small-Scale Synthesis of Laboratory Reagents with Reaction Modeling</a>. CRC Press. 2011-02-16: 91–92 [2021-07-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4398-1312-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4398-1312-6">ISBN 978-1-4398-1312-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/669160695">OCLC 669160695</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VqosZeMjNjEC&pg=PA91">原始内容</a>存档于2016-05-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Leonid&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.btitle=Small-Scale+Synthesis+of+Laboratory+Reagents+with+Reaction+Modeling&rft.date=2011-02-16&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4398-1312-6&rft.pages=91-92&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVqosZeMjNjEC%26pg%3DPA91&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F669160695&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Sethi, Arun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429193047/https://books.google.com/books?id=x77djyQHX8UC&pg=PA32">Systematic Laboratory Experiments in Organic Chemistry</a>. New Age International. 2006-01-01: 32–35 [2021-07-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-224-1491-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-224-1491-2">ISBN 978-81-224-1491-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/86068991">OCLC 86068991</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x77djyQHX8UC&pg=PA32">原始内容</a>存档于2016-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Arun&rft.aulast=Sethi&rft.btitle=Systematic+Laboratory+Experiments+in+Organic+Chemistry&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1491-2&rft.pages=32-35&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx77djyQHX8UC%26pg%3DPA32&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F86068991&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Smith, Michael. Organic Synthesis 3. Academic Press, 2011. 2011-07-12: 455. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-12-415884-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-12-415884-9">ISBN 978-0-12-415884-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.btitle=Organic+Synthesis&rft.date=2011-07-12&rft.edition=3&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-415884-9&rft.pages=455&rft.pub=Academic+Press%2C+2011&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Solomons; Fryhle. Organic Chemistry 8. John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 2006: 272. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-265-1050-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-265-1050-4">ISBN 978-81-265-1050-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Fryhle&rft.au=Solomons&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=8&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-265-1050-4&rft.pages=272&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+2006&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313021228/http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.139-mar10/messenger-no139-12-19.pdf">Laser Development for Sodium Laser Guide Stars at ESO</a> (PDF). Domenico Bonaccini Calia, Yan Feng, Wolfgang Hackenberg, Ronald Holzlöhner, Luke Taylor, Steffan Lewis. [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.139-mar10/messenger-no139-12-19.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2016-03-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Laser+Development+for+Sodium+Laser+Guide+Stars+at+ESO&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Domenico+Bonaccini+Calia%2C+Yan+Feng%2C+Wolfgang+Hackenberg%2C+Ronald+Holzl%C3%B6hner%2C+Luke+Taylor%2C+Steffan+Lewis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eso.org%2Fsci%2Fpublications%2Fmessenger%2Farchive%2Fno.139-mar10%2Fmessenger-no139-12-19.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">van Rossen, G. L. C. M.; van Bleiswijk, H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200311005640/https://zenodo.org/record/1428126">Über das Zustandsdiagramm der Kalium-Natriumlegierungen</a>. Zeitschrift für Anorganische Chemie. 1912, 74: 152–156 [2021-07-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fzaac.19120740115">doi:10.1002/zaac.19120740115</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1428126">原始内容</a>存档于2020-03-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=%C3%9Cber+das+Zustandsdiagramm+der+Kalium-Natriumlegierungen&rft.au=van+Bleiswijk%2C+H.&rft.aufirst=G.+L.+C.+M.&rft.aulast=van+Rossen&rft.date=1912&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+f%C3%BCr+Anorganische+Chemie&rft.pages=152-156&rft.volume=74&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1428126&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fzaac.19120740115&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-sodiumcoolant-65"><a href="#cite_ref-sodiumcoolant_65-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.doe.gov/pdfFiles/SodiumCoolant_NRCpresentation.pdf">Sodium as a Fast Reactor Coolant</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113134710/http://www.ne.doe.gov/pdfFiles/SodiumCoolant_NRCpresentation.pdf">存檔</a>，存档日期2013-01-13. presented by Thomas H. Fanning. Nuclear Engineering Division. U.S. Department of Energy. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Topical Seminar Series on Sodium Fast Reactors. 3 May 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-nrc-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nrc_66-0">66.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nrc_66-1">66.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190110133124/https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1504/ML15043A307.pdf">Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR)</a> (PDF). Office of Nuclear Energy, U.S. Department of Energy. 2015-02-18 [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1504/ML15043A307.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2019-01-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium-cooled+Fast+Reactor+%28SFR%29&rft.date=2015-02-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+Nuclear+Energy%2C+U.S.+Department+of+Energy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrc.gov%2Fdocs%2FML1504%2FML15043A307.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Fire and Explosion Hazards. Research Publishing Service, 2011. 2011: 363. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-981-08-7724-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-981-08-7724-8">ISBN 978-981-08-7724-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Fire+and+Explosion+Hazards&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-981-08-7724-8&rft.pages=363&rft.pub=Research+Publishing+Service%2C+2011&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Pavel Solomonovich Knopov; Panos M. Pardalos (编). Simulation and Optimization Methods in Risk and Reliability Theory. Nova Science Publishers, 2009. 2009: 150. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-60456-658-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-60456-658-1">ISBN 978-1-60456-658-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Panos+M.+Pardalos&rft.au=Pavel+Solomonovich+Knopov&rft.btitle=Simulation+and+Optimization+Methods+in+Risk+and+Reliability+Theory&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-60456-658-1&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers%2C+2009&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <cite class="citation book">McKillop, Allan A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/proceedingsof1970000heat_e4r7">Proceedings of the Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Institute</a>. Stanford University Press, 1976. 1976: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/proceedingsof1970000heat_e4r7/page/97">97</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8047-0917-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8047-0917-0">ISBN 978-0-8047-0917-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Allan+A.&rft.aulast=McKillop&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Heat+Transfer+and+Fluid+Mechanics+Institute&rft.date=1976&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-0917-0&rft.pages=97&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press%2C+1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fproceedingsof1970000heat_e4r7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <cite class="citation book">U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Reactor Handbook: Engineering 2. Interscience Publishers. : 325.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=U.S.+Atomic+Energy+Commission&rft.btitle=Reactor+Handbook%3A+Engineering&rft.edition=2&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=325&rft.pub=Interscience+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=USUS2949907">A US US2949907 A</a>,Tauschek Max J,「Coolant-filled poppet valve and method of making same」,发表于23 August 1960<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=US2949907 A&rft.cc=US&rft.title=Coolant-filled+poppet+valve+and+method+of+making+same&rft.inventor=Tauschek+Max+J&rft.pubdate=23 August 1960">  </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Gropper SS, Groff JL, et al. （2005）Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 4th ed., pp. 402-404. Wardswirth, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780534559861" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-534-55986-1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080806095058/http://www.shiliao.com.cn/2005/3-11/15350868087.html">存档副本</a>. [2008-01-09]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shiliao.com.cn/2005/3-11/15350868087.html">原始内容</a>存档于2008-08-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shiliao.com.cn%2F2005%2F3-11%2F15350868087.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-r31-74"><a href="#cite_ref-r31_74-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110823114818/http://nuinfo-proto4.northwestern.edu/nutrition/factsheets/sodium.pdf">Sodium</a> (PDF). Northwestern University. [2011-11-21]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nuinfo-proto4.northwestern.edu/nutrition/factsheets/sodium.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2011-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Sodium&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Northwestern+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnuinfo-proto4.northwestern.edu%2Fnutrition%2Ffactsheets%2Fsodium.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-r32-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-r32_75-0">75.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-r32_75-1">75.1</a> Institute of Medicine （2005） Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. pp. 269-423. National Academy Press, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780309530491" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-309-53049-1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200507184304/http://health.ltgovernors.com/sodium-and-potassium-health-facts.html">Sodium and Potassium Quick Health Facts</a>. health.ltgovernors.com. [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://health.ltgovernors.com/sodium-and-potassium-health-facts.html">原始内容</a>存档于2020-05-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+and+Potassium+Quick+Health+Facts&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=health.ltgovernors.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhealth.ltgovernors.com%2Fsodium-and-potassium-health-facts.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-medline-77"><a href="#cite_ref-medline_77-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329001333/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002415.htm">Sodium in diet</a>. MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine. 2016-10-05 [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002415.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2019-03-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Sodium+in+diet&rft.date=2016-10-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=MedlinePlus%2C+US+National+Library+of+Medicine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedlineplus.gov%2Fency%2Farticle%2F002415.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170529081816/http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/reference/table/ref_elements_tbl-eng.php">Reference Values for Elements</a>. Dietary Reference Intakes Tables. Health Canada. 2005-07-20 [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/reference/table/ref_elements_tbl-eng.php">原始内容</a>存档于2017-05-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Reference+Values+for+Elements&rft.date=2005-07-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+Tables&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hc-sc.gc.ca%2Ffn-an%2Fnutrition%2Freference%2Ftable%2Fref_elements_tbl-eng.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>; <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110206111821/http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/DietaryGuidelines/2010/PolicyDoc/PolicyDoc.pdf">Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010</a> (PDF) 7th. December 2010: 22 [2011-11-23]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-16-087941-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-16-087941-8">ISBN 978-0-16-087941-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/738512922">OCLC 738512922</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/DietaryGuidelines/2010/PolicyDoc/PolicyDoc.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2011-02-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+Agriculture&rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.btitle=Dietary+Guidelines+for+Americans%2C+2010&rft.date=2010-12&rft.edition=7th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-16-087941-8&rft.pages=22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnpp.usda.gov%2FPublications%2FDietaryGuidelines%2F2010%2FPolicyDoc%2FPolicyDoc.pdf&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F738512922&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160928045342/http://sodiumbreakup.heart.org/sodium-411/how-much-sodium-do-you-need/">How much sodium should I eat per day?</a>. American Heart Association. 2016 [2016-10-15]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sodiumbreakup.heart.org/sodium-411/how-much-sodium-do-you-need/">原始内容</a>存档于2016-09-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=How+much+sodium+should+I+eat+per+day%3F&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=American+Heart+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsodiumbreakup.heart.org%2Fsodium-411%2Fhow-much-sodium-do-you-need%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_81-0">81.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_81-1">81.1</a> <cite class="citation journal">Patel, Yash; Joseph, Jacob. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616124602/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33322108/">Sodium Intake and Heart Failure</a>. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020-12-13, 21 (24) [2021-07-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1422-0067">ISSN 1422-0067</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763082">PMC 7763082</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322108">PMID 33322108</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijms21249474">doi:10.3390/ijms21249474</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33322108/">原始内容</a>存档于2022-06-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+Intake+and+Heart+Failure&rft.au=Joseph%2C+Jacob&rft.aufirst=Yash&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.date=2020-12-13&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1422-0067&rft.issue=24&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Molecular+Sciences&rft.volume=21&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7763082&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F33322108%2F&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fijms21249474&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33322108&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite class="citation web">CDC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117045956/https://www.cdc.gov/salt/research_reviews/sodium_potassium_blood_pressure.htm">The links between sodium, potassium, and your blood pressure</a>. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018-02-28 [2021-01-05]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/salt/research_reviews/sodium_potassium_blood_pressure.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2021-01-17） （美国英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=The+links+between+sodium%2C+potassium%2C+and+your+blood+pressure&rft.au=CDC&rft.date=2018-02-28&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fsalt%2Fresearch_reviews%2Fsodium_potassium_blood_pressure.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Impact-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Impact_83-0">83.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Impact_83-1">83.1</a> <cite class="citation journal">Geleijnse, J. M.; Kok, F. J.; Grobbee, D. E. Impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hypertension in Western populations. European Journal of Public Health. 2004, 14 (3): 235–239. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15369026">PMID 15369026</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurpub%2F14.3.235">doi:10.1093/eurpub/14.3.235</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Impact+of+dietary+and+lifestyle+factors+on+the+prevalence+of+hypertension+in+Western+populations&rft.au=Grobbee%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Kok%2C+F.+J.&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft.aulast=Geleijnse&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.pages=235-239&rft.volume=14&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Feurpub%2F14.3.235&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15369026&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Lawes, C. M.; Vander Hoorn, S.; Rodgers, A.; International Society of Hypertension. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151026130602/http://www.worldactiononsalt.com/docs/news/2008/60532.pdf">Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001</a> (PDF). Lancet. 2008, 371 (9623): 1513–1518 [2017-10-25]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18456100">PMID 18456100</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:19315480">S2CID 19315480</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2808%2960655-8">doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60655-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldactiononsalt.com/docs/news/2008/60532.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2015-10-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Global+burden+of+blood-pressure-related+disease%2C+2001&rft.au=International+Society+of+Hypertension&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+A.&rft.au=Vander+Hoorn%2C+S.&rft.aufirst=C.+M.&rft.aulast=Lawes&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9623&rft.jtitle=Lancet&rft.pages=1513-1518&rft.volume=371&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldactiononsalt.com%2Fdocs%2Fnews%2F2008%2F60532.pdf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A19315480&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2808%2960655-8&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18456100&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Armstrong, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bcU8AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48">General, Organic, and Biochemistry: An Applied Approach</a>. Cengage Learning. 2011: 48–. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-133-16826-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-133-16826-3">ISBN 978-1-133-16826-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Armstrong%2C+James&rft.btitle=General%2C+Organic%2C+and+Biochemistry%3A+An+Applied+Approach&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-133-16826-3&rft.pages=48-&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbcU8AAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA48&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.traditionaloven.com/culinary-arts/cooking/table-salt/convert-gram-g-to-tea-spoon-tsp.html">Table Salt Conversion</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20211216225659/http://www.traditionaloven.com/culinary-arts/cooking/table-salt/convert-gram-g-to-tea-spoon-tsp.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Traditionaloven.com. Retrieved on 11 November 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-fda-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fda_87-0">87.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fda_87-1">87.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015301/https://www.fda.gov/Food/LabelingNutrition/ucm315393.htm">Use the Nutrition Facts Label to Reduce Your Intake of Sodium in Your Diet</a>. US Food and Drug Administration. 2018-01-03 [2018-02-02]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/food/labelingnutrition/ucm315393.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2018-01-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Use+the+Nutrition+Facts+Label+to+Reduce+Your+Intake+of+Sodium+in+Your+Diet&rft.date=2018-01-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=US+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Ffood%2Flabelingnutrition%2Fucm315393.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <cite class="citation book">McGuire, Michelle; Beerman, Kathy A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nutritionalscien00mich">Nutritional Sciences: From Fundamentals to Food</a>. Cengage Learning. 2011: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nutritionalscien00mich/page/n576">546</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-324-59864-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-324-59864-3">ISBN 978-0-324-59864-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/472704484">OCLC 472704484</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Beerman%2C+Kathy+A.&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.btitle=Nutritional+Sciences%3A+From+Fundamentals+to+Food&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-324-59864-3&rft.pages=546&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnutritionalscien00mich&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F472704484&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Campbell, Neil. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biology0000camp_b7z1">Biology</a>. Benjamin/Cummings. 1987: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biology0000camp_b7z1/page/795">795</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8053-1840-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8053-1840-1">ISBN 978-0-8053-1840-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.btitle=Biology&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8053-1840-1&rft.pages=795&rft.pub=Benjamin%2FCummings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiology0000camp_b7z1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Srilakshmi, B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201224412/https://books.google.com/books?id=f_i7j4_cMLIC&pg=PA318">Nutrition Science</a> 2nd. New Age International. 2006: 318 [2021-07-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-224-1633-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-224-1633-6">ISBN 978-81-224-1633-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/173807260">OCLC 173807260</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f_i7j4_cMLIC&pg=PA318">原始内容</a>存档于2016-02-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.aulast=Srilakshmi&rft.btitle=Nutrition+Science&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1633-6&rft.pages=318&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df_i7j4_cMLIC%26pg%3DPA318&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F173807260&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Pohl, Hanna R.; Wheeler, John S.; Murray, H. Edward. Sodium and Potassium in Health and Disease. Astrid Sigel; Helmut Sigel; Roland K. O. Sigel (编). Interrelations between Essential Metal Ions and Human Diseases. Metal Ions in Life Sciences 13. Springer. 2013: 29–47. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-94-007-7499-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-94-007-7499-5">ISBN 978-94-007-7499-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24470088">PMID 24470088</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-007-7500-8_2">doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+and+Potassium+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.au=Murray%2C+H.+Edward&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+John+S.&rft.aufirst=Hanna+R.&rft.aulast=Pohl&rft.btitle=Interrelations+between+Essential+Metal+Ions+and+Human+Diseases&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-94-007-7499-5&rft.pages=29-47&rft.pub=Springer&rft.series=Metal+Ions+in+Life+Sciences&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-7500-8_2&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24470088&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Kering, M. K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211216160712/https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10355/7201/research.pdf?sequence=3">Manganese Nutrition and Photosynthesis in NAD-malic enzyme C4 plants PhD dissertation</a> (PDF). University of Missouri-Columbia. 2008 [2011-11-09]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10355/7201/research.pdf?sequence=3">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2021-12-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=M.+K.&rft.aulast=Kering&rft.btitle=Manganese+Nutrition+and+Photosynthesis+in+NAD-malic+enzyme+C4+plants+PhD+dissertation&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Missouri-Columbia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmospace.umsystem.edu%2Fxmlui%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10355%2F7201%2Fresearch.pdf%3Fsequence%3D3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Subbarao, G. V.; Ito, O.; Berry, W. L.; Wheeler, R. M. Sodium—A Functional Plant Nutrient. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 2003, 22 (5): 391–416. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85111284">S2CID 85111284</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F07352680390243495">doi:10.1080/07352680390243495</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium%E2%80%94A+Functional+Plant+Nutrient&rft.au=Berry%2C+W.+L.&rft.au=Ito%2C+O.&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+R.+M.&rft.aufirst=G.+V.&rft.aulast=Subbarao&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Plant+Sciences&rft.pages=391-416&rft.volume=22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85111284&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F07352680390243495&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Zhu, J. K. Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science. 2001, 6 (2): 66–71. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11173290">PMID 11173290</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1360-1385%2800%2901838-0">doi:10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01838-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Plant+salt+tolerance&rft.aufirst=J.+K.&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Plant+Science&rft.pages=66-71&rft.volume=6&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS1360-1385%2800%2901838-0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11173290&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-halo-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-halo_95-0">95.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-halo_95-1">95.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120403032507/http://www.plant-biology.com/salt-ion-toxicity.php">Plants and salt ion toxicity</a>. Plant Biology. [2010-11-02]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plant-biology.com/salt-ion-toxicity.php">原始内容</a>存档于2012-04-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Plants+and+salt+ion+toxicity&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Plant+Biology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plant-biology.com%2Fsalt-ion-toxicity.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160115025601/http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/262714">Sodium 262714</a>. Sigma-Aldrich. [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/262714">原始内容</a>存档于2016-01-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=Sodium+262714&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sigma-Aldrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sigmaaldrich.com%2Fcatalog%2Fproduct%2Faldrich%2F262714&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Angelici, R. J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/synthesistechniq0000giro">Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry</a>. Mill Valley, CA: University Science Books. 1999. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-935702-48-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-935702-48-4">ISBN 978-0-935702-48-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=Angelici%2C+R.+J.&rft.btitle=Synthesis+and+Technique+in+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-935702-48-4&rft.place=Mill+Valley%2C+CA&rft.pub=University+Science+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsynthesistechniq0000giro&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Routley, J. Gordon. Sodium Explosion Critically Burns Firefighters: Newton, Massachusetts. U. S. Fire Administration (FEMA, 2013).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=J.+Gordon&rft.aulast=Routley&rft.btitle=Sodium+Explosion+Critically+Burns+Firefighters%3A+Newton%2C+Massachusetts&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=FEMA%2C+2013&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-prudent-99">^ <a href="#cite_ref-prudent_99-0">99.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-prudent_99-1">99.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-prudent_99-2">99.2</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prudentpractices00coun_887">Prudent Practices in the Laboratory: Handling and Disposal of Chemicals</a>. National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Prudent Practices for Handling, Storage, and Disposal of Chemicals in Laboratories (National Academies, 1995). 1995: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prudentpractices00coun_887/page/n403">390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=Prudent+Practices+in+the+Laboratory%3A+Handling+and+Disposal+of+Chemicals&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=390&rft.pub=National+Academies%2C+1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprudentpractices00coun_887&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808160323/http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~pbs/2013-An-et-al-FSJ.pdf">存档副本</a> (PDF). [2021-07-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~pbs/2013-An-et-al-FSJ.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2017-08-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fterpconnect.umd.edu%2F~pbs%2F2013-An-et-al-FSJ.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Clough, W. S.; Garland, J. A. BEHAVIOUR IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE AEROSOL FROM A SODIUM FIRE. 1970-07-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4039364">OSTI 4039364</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.atitle=BEHAVIOUR+IN+THE+ATMOSPHERE+OF+THE+AEROSOL+FROM+A+SODIUM+FIRE&rft.au=Garland%2C+J.+A.&rft.aufirst=W.+S.&rft.aulast=Clough&rft.date=1970-07-01&rft.genre=article&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.osti.gov%2Fenergycitations%2Fproduct.biblio.jsp%3Fosti_id%3D4039364&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Ladwig, Thomas H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/industrialfirepr0000ladw">Industrial fire prevention and protection</a>. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991. 1991: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/industrialfirepr0000ladw/page/178">178</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-442-23678-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-442-23678-6">ISBN 978-0-442-23678-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.aufirst=Thomas+H.&rft.aulast=Ladwig&rft.btitle=Industrial+fire+prevention+and+protection&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-442-23678-6&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Van+Nostrand+Reinhold%2C+1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findustrialfirepr0000ladw&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-fission-103">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fission_103-0">103.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fission_103-1">103.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Günter Kessler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sustainablesafen00kess">Sustainable and Safe Nuclear Fission Energy: Technology and Safety of Fast and Thermal Nuclear Reactors</a> illustrated. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. 2012-05-08: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sustainablesafen00kess/page/446">446</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-642-11990-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-642-11990-3">ISBN 978-3-642-11990-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%92%A0&rft.au=G%C3%BCnter+Kessler&rft.btitle=Sustainable+and+Safe+Nuclear+Fission+Energy%3A+Technology+and+Safety+of+Fast+and+Thermal+Nuclear+Reactors&rft.date=2012-05-08&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-642-11990-3&rft.pages=446&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media%2C+2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsustainablesafen00kess&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結">外部連結</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：外部連結">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書">維基教科書</a>中的相關電子教程：<a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%92%A0%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="extiw" title="b:高中化学/目录/钠及其重要化合物">钠及其重要化合物</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li>元素钠在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/11.shtml">洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室</a>的介紹（英文）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Na.html">EnvironmentalChemistry.com —— 钠</a>（英文）</li> <li>元素<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/011.htm">钠</a>在The Periodic Table of Videos（諾丁漢大學）的介紹（英文）</li> <li>元素钠在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Na">Peter van der Krogt elements site</a>的介紹（英文）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Na/index.html">WebElements.com – 钠</a>（英文）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/011.htm">Sodium</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210313070531/http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/011.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） at <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Periodic_Table_of_Videos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Periodic Table of Videos（页面不存在）">The Periodic Table of Videos</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Periodic_Table_of_Videos" class="extiw" title="en:The Periodic Table of Videos">The Periodic Table of Videos</a>） (University of Nottingham)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balashon.com/2008/07/neter-and-nitrogen.html">Etymology of "natrium" – source of symbol Na</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140410171935/http://www.balashon.com/2008/07/neter-and-nitrogen.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theodoregray.com/PeriodicTable/Elements/011/index.html">The Wooden Periodic Table Table's Entry on Sodium</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417123350/http://www.theodoregray.com/PeriodicTable/Elements/011/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070712011829/http://ie.lbl.gov/education/parent/Na_iso.htm">Sodium isotopes data from The Berkeley Laboratory Isotopes Project's</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/results/journals?Category=Journal&ExactText=Reactions%20of%20liquid%20sodium%20with%20transition-metal%20oxides&IncludeReference=false&SelectJournal=false&DateRange=false&SelectDate=false&Type=Months&PriceCode=False&OpenAccess=false">液态钠和过渡金属氧化物的反应</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20240812024223/https://pubs.rsc.org/en/results/journals?Category=Journal&ExactText=Reactions%20of%20liquid%20sodium%20with%20transition-metal%20oxides&IncludeReference=false&SelectJournal=false&DateRange=false&SelectDate=false&Type=Months&PriceCode=False&OpenAccess=false">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（英文）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="元素周期表（碱金属）" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Template:1族元素"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Template talk:1族元素"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:1%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:1族元素"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="元素周期表（碱金属）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a>）</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table class="wraplinks" style="width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">IA 1</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">IIA 2</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">IIIB 3</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">IVB 4</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">VB 5</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">VIB 6</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">VIIB 7</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">VIIIB 8</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">VIIIB 9</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">VIIIB 10</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">IB 11</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">IIB 12</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">IIIA 13</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">IVA 14</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">VA 15</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">VIA 16</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">VIIA 17</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">VIIIA 18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">1</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">Li</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">B</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">C</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">N</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">O</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">F</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Na</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">Al</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">Si</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">P</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">S</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">Cl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">K</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">Sc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">Ti</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">V</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">Cr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">Mn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">Fe</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">Co</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">Ni</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">Cu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">Zn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">Ga</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">Ge</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">As</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">Se</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">Br</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">Rb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">Sr</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">Y</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">Zr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">Nb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">Mo</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">Tc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">Ru</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">Rh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">Pd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">Ag</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">Cd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">In</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">Sn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">Sb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">Te</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">I</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" width="3.125%" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">Cs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">Ba</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">La</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">Ce</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">Pr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">Nd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">Pm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">Sm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">Eu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">Gd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">Tb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">Dy</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">Ho</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">Er</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">Tm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">Yb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">Lu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">Hf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">Ta</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">W</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">Re</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">Os</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">Ir</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">Pt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">Au</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">Hg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">Tl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">Pb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">Bi</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">Po</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">At</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:2px solid black; margin:-2px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">Fr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">Ra</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">Ac</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">Th</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">Pa</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">U</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">Np</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">Pu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">Am</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">Cm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">Bk</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">Cf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">Es</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">Fm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">Md</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">No</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">Lr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">Rf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">Db</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">Sg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">Bh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">Hs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">Mt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">Ds</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">Rg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">Cn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">Nh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">Fl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">Mc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">Lv</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">Ts</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="相關項目" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關項目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">化學元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/0%E8%99%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="0號元素">0號元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="扩展元素周期表">扩展元素周期表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="同位素列表">同位素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E8%B1%90%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地球的地殼元素豐度列表">地球的地殼元素豐度列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">元素列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="碱金属" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Template:碱金属"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Template talk:碱金属"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:碱金属"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="碱金属" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">锂</a> Li 原子序数: 3 原子量: 6.941 熔点: 453.69 沸点: 1615 电负性: 0.98 </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">钠</a> Na 原子序数: 11 原子量: 22.990 熔点: 370.87 沸点: 1156 电负性: 0.96 </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">钾</a> K 原子序数: 19 原子量: 39.098 熔点: 336.58 沸点: 1032 电负性: 0.82 </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">铷</a> Rb 原子序数: 37 原子量: 85.468 熔点: 312.46 沸点: 961 电负性: 0.82 </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">铯</a> Cs 原子序数: 55 原子量: 132.905 熔点: 301.59 沸点: 944 电负性: 0.79 </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:17em;"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">钫</a> Fr 原子序数: 87 原子量: (223) 熔点: ?295 沸点: ?950 电负性: 0.7 </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>熔点、沸点单位为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">开尔文</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11980515x">法国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11980515x">BnF data</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4171239-0">德国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007553566405171">以色列</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85124249">美国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00568053">日本</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph323347&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300265406">AAT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=钠&oldid=86020934">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=钠&oldid=86020934</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Category:碱金属">碱金属</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%92%A0" title="Category:钠">钠</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%82" title="Category:还原剂">还原剂</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:生命化学元素">生命化学元素</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:第3周期元素">第3周期元素</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:化学元素">化学元素</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%98%93%E5%88%B6%E7%88%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81" title="Category:易制爆化学品">易制爆化学品</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(en)" title="Category:CS1英语来源 (en)">CS1英语来源 (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(de)" title="Category:CS1德语来源 (de)">CS1德语来源 (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BFwayback%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:Webarchive模板wayback链接">Webarchive模板wayback链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(en-us)" title="Category:CS1美国英语来源 (en-us)">CS1美国英语来源 (en-us)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ISBN%E9%AD%94%E6%9C%AF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用ISBN魔术链接的页面">使用ISBN魔术链接的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%89CAS%E8%99%9F%E9%87%8D%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%91%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:有CAS號重定向的物質條目">有CAS號重定向的物質條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%AA%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E5%8F%83%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8D%BB%E7%9A%84CAS%E8%99%9F" title="Category:未提供參考文獻的CAS號">未提供參考文獻的CAS號</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有拉丁語的條目">含有拉丁語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%89%E8%93%9D%E9%93%BE%E5%8D%B4%E6%9C%AA%E7%A7%BB%E9%99%A4%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E5%8A%A9%E6%89%8B%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:有蓝链却未移除内部链接助手模板的页面">有蓝链却未移除内部链接助手模板的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2024%E5%B9%B44%E6%9C%88%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%AA%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2024年4月有未列明来源语句的条目">自2024年4月有未列明来源语句的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%97%A0%E9%99%84%E5%8A%A0%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E9%A1%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:无附加数据页的化学条目">无附加数据页的化学条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有英語的條目">含有英語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNFdata%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABGND%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含GND标识符的维基百科条目">包含GND标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABJ9U%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目">包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABLCCN%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目">包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNDL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目">包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNKC%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目">包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABAAT%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目">包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2025年2月8日 (星期六) 15:39。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CC_BY-SA_4.0%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Wikipedia:CC BY-SA 4.0协议文本">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>） Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。 </li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%A0&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> 搜索 </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >钠</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 173种语言 </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> 添加话题 </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7c5dd74596-g9wwn","wgBackendResponseTime":193,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.407","walltime":"1.645","ppvisitednodes":{"value":10114,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":465958,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":25136,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":17,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":193206,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1386.433 1 -total"," 28.51% 395.270 1 Template:Reflist"," 26.05% 361.201 1 Template:Elementbox"," 25.26% 350.155 1 Template:Infobox"," 11.03% 152.882 45 Template:Cite_book"," 10.78% 149.446 1 Template:NavPeriodicTable"," 10.00% 138.578 1 Template:1族元素"," 9.90% 137.291 1 Template:化学元素"," 9.81% 135.985 1 Template:元素週期表"," 9.04% 125.340 24 Template:Cite_journal"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.888","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":33189172,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-w5nvn","timestamp":"20250217121551","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u94a0","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%92%A0","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q658","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q658","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-06-04T12:11:43Z","dateModified":"2025-02-08T15:39:48Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/27\/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg","headline":"\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u70ba11\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5143\u7d20"}</script> </body> </html>