CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134b356bab3fce3',cH: '7A7FW3dG5Swn8mPazZDPSHQRRwHkUroLQ59JdqRZLUo-1739784016-1.2.1.1-IhU.8mSOlQuFWRU0okiJ18q03.kBnD5r7Oi_p_sioC.KmmcVyJnh_Z4hTZIliIYI',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=Nazrul%20M.%20Ahmad&__cf_chl_tk=z7qJUoV3LarAs9VdmPjvqycaj0ZqDsQcaGXJQf6mMnA-1739784016-1.0.1.1-VJMUg4.1oSSxeli3Sd2qlGgPAT32Bgzcyb.zPc1P_TM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739784016',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=Nazrul%20M.%20Ahmad&__cf_chl_f_tk=z7qJUoV3LarAs9VdmPjvqycaj0ZqDsQcaGXJQf6mMnA-1739784016-1.0.1.1-VJMUg4.1oSSxeli3Sd2qlGgPAT32Bgzcyb.zPc1P_TM",md: "hFoa2Fu9bx2dPYmv2PMaPn0QpFOmGPDECtISR4BMxBc-1739784016-1.2.1.1-ORljDg0UNusTKWn4HxtmSl557.c8jU4BV0PMU42FWMDAGmjMmjd0XqeWRma7qAOuxvH6D8RoMsKE0yxtkf.tvtkfxPXnCXAYVxmaWxnYO8EymYNEp1qcYckN27hMxjpyPKlG8ZUFYW8j1HlwWxvLI30uO6DXWKwCPhcoXlx.naUkmVZTGNLSyRYduDsZe4KXHmGMl2whXIYHf_RSaX.7EkK0wEPRQFXkpWmm2QK014YFj265cEQ98cdFK1TPUAGum8Pss20iIu1ZwU60HEhgHUlGo6is3YZrMIn2OpcU7hev1fpaGq6bejnr6ly6RljGzKLH6f6Z0iIqoQ7sL90T9Hv3vHy8tfOr4j519i_aRKoiKP6cyqFLFyDE1nIigLsMqp_3rKu8p3niwDFCIMkT9fKX.Woz9MFZw1sZ7lUmZnoMKZ_nuLUfJQg81b2MYniXHwIzSSAYsLQSSUh3X1jqch7w7pUkiUUckw2JY53RiTK7jKr33ewj2jyizOlZAMm8aTHD7987wSMxwA_Vi8fNd7_jL5xvF3Q7kmL8Uawn04Aa7DfxL77RdrmjwJxAMG4z1jMuL5sdXu7p5kxRWmH_P0mtxZJW15VLgXGZMZCXwuwO1CtJITaOA2zftlQqf6rqHrUjDIKR7m7tot9XmW387Yau5LPgKmiIAyPhwjnZxXyII2xVKS9zbEkGvEAoYl4Q_KkOC6JBtP2pSAQLzQOdFC2U.cjl68zc62nCyyhaj8oVveVmr.6cy93A3gk.9AazHcLLU3Loe6DRoxVDcbIQ6O0GTkqhA6o2EzwD8hV70y_ONkxAKd5YZ9tcVF9dCEMG_pknK_2eHxryyO1s48Eqkm2Bo5KIaokGIiUnHV43.pa2JlTLv5oTxbXrxDj_qad2jDQdy.u6nkQxhL3wktsNRK84N2r3AfCNMBAmrnRn1nANZyradiwOsQcv9B8E2hAdIERw50_AuGu2r0ZRmFmUltWooH6BUR6D3MB63dTpGucYk4bq62A1UYB3BNqyaYTrY.9leiTuzaw_zg20JM3genuMVcERob.0QwNTsj1CgwNFiB0Rrcp.2i8REBoCE_otQkF8Mr2nLEIDq5pQr.t6RkUOgBOq16756AMy5Vgbb_NS4t3E.du95qmFYSzvOGOP0gqpUKrrBgvFCf0ma.Ga6H0WQ73wTLi.TmZPUPorlA6b_oEAnDgzD5kzCOTp0ndf2vVPOA3Tr7eHJlYLMiO0T70gt9K5L61osw6.QG0GTu89ZDhgGnoeE7NsQvmYbDJPyLFEiHRIuDe.V5Dv2PYcd2t1ar20lCFOAUA9yTv2xFn1hDNrC0oCLbBJhxMSXcGqvODDBQzcC3S_T9kHfWeJPU0xQ472BrqNtJ4tJw15nfn.5.jncFbXisHDa7YowJL2CJlZ8aMNs93KZHZx6psIlRGWyfEHcnPx8b6vJIbBTPCpeOzqUbUrOxnMMcdhWD7xTLjipuzP1Om06lWoeD1QK8Qml0jfcvLTbvCSZ4UrFSLIqDJ4vQKJFfb42opnwlAv83uewb7ZEJz93SwXOOlXXv9DokHuyqEBrKxwAvsWuIBr5poLTtvMC0TbhIVO7StgRin9T5.cPKx8qAF5BsZjzYYlwOwDCerTa4ecRT7y.NV8aI14i6rS2kTujPsGGkwM.0VwJALF6f4GzILBcTDc.CZdenUaE8Z.gGaRD.URJKwAPkiDqFcKQZtCnEijGNWeeKfvDVxsH79DqA0kqDYmRP8AjwY.PN5ykf3SjdDZOSRj7X3KcZHTAhzxPyQKeX6LJ2v59Gdrc00DboAgPZ3io5_a2g6Eu2mCJRhvz0qpYHlybwge5USewOsBVOaoFrqiVKZNAZVXEV6xHJ842Zmw_AfRwMZ1tgLrVVGtJNbc3J7E5ScWr3NIUDova8qCFQLbA.ubPDvcRkajEMH5GkYABA",mdrd: "Lv.fv0RzHSIRlRa.eLEN61opDbTmd7auXB_mHtb7RN4-1739784016-1.2.1.1-NY_FMokB7oWWGB5OxGUDjdRrL0omhYmUKWlnykbvAXGYxviHIKhshvgyDxOftwDN1EKoNNFnogkZXETBXThsgZDhoiU1hjY1HmWc2iCVG0Yih7H.EQAWg9_WFknHuwtMmdspMvqKzlJ9E3Ar7SEee9UGmmDO9ua59kwnT1.nHXnIFfNeFCfRBzJG7X23_Wo.1NZgZgoV8qNo4z3QBENFEO3k71HpG_Sudk0xh7psHSx8ofuAZhXoBHBPDIExQl_4_u9BnFESMW3fJ2pz3oy6HH5Mj._03Sxyc5sWzeE3zXGZ9VO_ZMUTfJk55ok9oRFuxOH4pCa7yuoiY8m2oiTbHK_1mgIyTEdt8ZVB5.nQO0ypvXw5mtDgAufrwe6klhncO9rxrYki6H0lAsUVmb0lbw_nxHbopOiMNKQtfv_Q90_QeNJlHNt2tJSs51oE0HgtMIjFhlyT7klsPllRGYMdNV.EI63ul1vUkc94O4ZrMFnYXOb_DxStn6ej5s5dh9QPHJ0XOUs9MNKi2B1QYLF.zqyhJ8z0f_6nBwxgLYoNYgw5OmYi_LFxJNYWzzdD1ZpvoZvymgmoef.T847rtYxzWrKtfP1So1o4F0S77di706aybMVsqWsNJMIAqfTRO5kJRTqG2nCOhzSteArEdqdXBw4ypx3xJHkeDJtDjytWyclrs20vCcSzewd.X_1ltjopmhOFDqbDjUyNODh8JBmQ.j25uo2hNr.KeMZFrE79zJDpl78gor.JFqwUPbOAG_gU4vx.iP61fRu21VJmtzR0TgcNxNyOXtgnau2faOrC5iTapfWPXkIr9kG9.aU4vqQA7RoxPmATcx9jpsugsdHtLnTvoIwCQu.Cr2AsbwgeG.370ZE5iw8ugAcOU5wu1MTV6fNuGDHZ9XysL9IR5zDTXjY8XzdbkPb90EqlwdnMJxkZighWwxsGrLHpviZoOuK3GIGGkq11XWwUGL2yV.NFJ1Kb934k6ot51QIcLpYTxqM47ha2QGkUFiVmYERIooIFai_kTA9iLPazCmk0TDeEZUuVgC6KopFKKj6pb9YDs9GxEv6cGqoU40vce2JDy8GungSBuPdygX4s6Av14ZAgV_Lb0.aS8Xplc4rdAbv5v7h.VtDiFBP3fqlcRCVRuAbDnw9YogMnmcOKT2icsm9XWlfQFlOYQN4xB6MFWDwxXYqf9FvicXlB_q0WUDhg6Dl22.f5ATaa3IFw3uCF0RJ8Bs6T0KdqnC3YIjKiifD.p_owy2ZAZEoYCY6fqAIueq1mNgI9yoWWIDIRenbumMIWZJp5wkVCmOlskmfAIGK6EOSrHcz3yUTSY.9IavLgHeJ0sQ.BWOu.St2krmqATwu2TgaGVhjifUmIrPBZfeb_HVwl3WNBIjyhwYK7n6MbER3xuiWmTN1e76hoo4Mq7MK62tqlXOpDP2Uj6heEmrWbE8hgc0MscxsjKvrsPpe8QI.FmiPT8qBLgYJab4CYBFZ457WngN15nywXLPiO8O_B.IXILNZ2C8scvSwR0vTzHQLJMxLWCq2k933FIouu4ulMrSdxJPUyK8ZB8l0EhSpRW_Y1Awerxx9ihzH_4xppDarvTiZ1X8zQ5BMn36dHQmW2FyMiH.8KHZgZxEfhoj2WLf0bkBQ7rqiFhMAPmoxnMlzhifHaS9IRHnKqm_lMttGO5S0eoJbztNv80XxUrC8CmGNjiCt6dkTgta3aJJUUS__4LQba5Au9T9LHOdRH1n6NdAyjXJIDCQvfAfvw8YqUBHQk6I5VHqqCKghultpIlnRrs3ST0oTd04TrokHIUwAyQDx5c1HYaJYY67p4J5sv7OGa9G_XFm2.gSfLXHcHLyMKtq_8.BaNM_BG5litKT1L_2XiQRIYNp.T3yww7IWvSLThSft9n3nqWrDIqrZa73ZZ9zQqMIjomgd4Op3otbXUAkTXQOD10ehpjOo3x4sBtdg9JERlgFt2Srjjc65I270fH4HoVwtcpbvbV0QkRX0U1A"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134b356bab3fce3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=Nazrul%20M.%20Ahmad&__cf_chl_rt_tk=z7qJUoV3LarAs9VdmPjvqycaj0ZqDsQcaGXJQf6mMnA-1739784016-1.0.1.1-VJMUg4.1oSSxeli3Sd2qlGgPAT32Bgzcyb.zPc1P_TM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>