CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="vi" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Âm ngạc mềm – Wikipedia tiếng Việt</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )viwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"vi normal","wgMonthNames":["","tháng 1","tháng 2","tháng 3","tháng 4","tháng 5","tháng 6","tháng 7","tháng 8","tháng 9","tháng 10","tháng 11","tháng 12"],"wgRequestId":"01e5973f-848f-429b-a4db-e2975ee39020","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Âm_ngạc_mềm","wgTitle":"Âm ngạc mềm","wgCurRevisionId":71225200,"wgRevisionId":71225200,"wgArticleId":3192615,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Nguồn CS1 tiếng Anh (en)","Ngữ âm học"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"vi","wgPageContentLanguage":"vi","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Âm_ngạc_mềm","wgRelevantArticleId":3192615,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"vi","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"vi"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":6000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q19408","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.did_you_mean","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.AVIM","ext.gadget.AVIM_portlet","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.purgetab","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=vi&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=vi&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=vi&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=vi&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Âm ngạc mềm – Wikipedia tiếng Việt"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//vi.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Sửa đổi" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (vi)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//vi.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.vi"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Nguồn cấp Atom của Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_g%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%C3%A2y&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Âm_ngạc_mềm rootpage-Âm_ngạc_mềm skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Bước tới nội dung</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Trình đơn chính" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Trình đơn chính</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Trình đơn chính</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Điều hướng </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Trang_Ch%C3%ADnh" title="Xem trang chính [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Trang Chính</span></a></li><li id="n-wikipedia-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/C%E1%BB%95ng_th%C3%B4ng_tin:N%E1%BB%99i_dung_ch%E1%BB%8Dn_l%E1%BB%8Dc"><span>Nội dung chọn lọc</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ng%E1%BA%ABu_nhi%C3%AAn" title="Xem trang ngẫu nhiên [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Bài viết ngẫu nhiên</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_g%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%C3%A2y" title="Danh sách thay đổi gần đây trong wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Thay đổi gần đây</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:B%C3%A1o_l%E1%BB%97i_b%C3%A0i_vi%E1%BA%BFt"><span>Báo lỗi nội dung</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikipedia-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikipedia-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tương tác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-wikipedia-helppage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:S%C3%A1ch_h%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng_d%E1%BA%ABn"><span>Hướng dẫn</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u"><span>Giới thiệu Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:C%E1%BB%99ng_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng" title="Giới thiệu dự án, cách sử dụng và tìm kiếm thông tin ở đây"><span>Cộng đồng</span></a></li><li id="n-wikipedia-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn"><span>Thảo luận chung</span></a></li><li id="n-wikipedia-helpdesk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gi%C3%BAp_s%E1%BB%AD_d%E1%BB%A5ng_Wikipedia"><span>Giúp sử dụng</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Liên_lạc"><span>Liên lạc</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tr%C3%ACnh_t%E1%BA%A3i_l%C3%AAn_t%E1%BA%ADp_tin"><span>Tải lên tập tin</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Trang_Ch%C3%ADnh" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Bách khoa toàn thư mở" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-vi.svg" width="120" height="10" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:T%C3%ACm_ki%E1%BA%BFm" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Tìm kiếm Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Tìm kiếm</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Tìm kiếm trên Wikipedia" aria-label="Tìm kiếm trên Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Tìm kiếm Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Đặc_biệt:Tìm_kiếm"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Tìm kiếm</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Giao diện" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Giao diện</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&uselang=vi" class=""><span>Quyên góp</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản" class=""><span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Đăng nhập</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ cá nhân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Bảng chọn thành viên" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&uselang=vi"><span>Quyên góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP này</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Nội dung" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Âm_ngạc_mềm_trong_bảng_ký_hiệu_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Âm_ngạc_mềm_trong_bảng_ký_hiệu_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Âm ngạc mềm trong bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Âm_ngạc_mềm_trong_bảng_ký_hiệu_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bình_luận" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bình_luận"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bình luận</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bình_luận-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sự_thiếu_âm_vòm_mềm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sự_thiếu_âm_vòm_mềm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sự thiếu âm vòm mềm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sự_thiếu_âm_vòm_mềm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hiện/ẩn mục Tham khảo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nguồn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nguồn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Nguồn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nguồn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Âm ngạc mềm</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 61 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Tiếng Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velarer_Konsonant" title="Velarer Konsonant – Tiếng Đức (Thụy Sĩ)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Velarer Konsonant" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức (Thụy Sĩ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%8A" title="طبقي – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طبقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velar" title="Consonante velar – Tiếng Asturias" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Consonante velar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Asturias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsonan_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsonan_velar" title="Konsonan velar – Tiếng Mã Lai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Konsonan velar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mã Lai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="পশ্চাত্তালব্য ব্যঞ্জনধ্বনি – Tiếng Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পশ্চাত্তালব্য ব্যঞ্জনধ্বনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – Tiếng Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཝེལར། – Tiếng Tây Tạng" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཝེལར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Tạng" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensonenn_ouel" title="Kensonenn ouel – Tiếng Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kensonenn ouel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Заднонебна съгласна – Tiếng Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Заднонебна съгласна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_velar" title="Consonant velar – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Consonant velar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_souhl%C3%A1ska" title="Velární souhláska – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velární souhláska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytsain_felar" title="Cytsain felar – Tiếng Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cytsain felar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A6r_konsonant" title="Velær konsonant – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Velær konsonant" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welar" title="Welar – Tiếng Hạ Sorbia" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Welar" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Sorbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Tiếng Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Velar consonant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velar" title="Consonante velar – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Consonante velar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velsono" title="Velsono – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Velsono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontsonante_belar" title="Kontsonante belar – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kontsonante belar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="همخوان نرم‌کامی – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="همخوان نرم‌کامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonne_v%C3%A9laire" title="Consonne vélaire – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Consonne vélaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corockle_coghooysagh" title="Corockle coghooysagh – Tiếng Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Corockle coghooysagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoante_velar" title="Consoante velar – Tiếng Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Consoante velar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EA%B0%9C%EC%9D%8C" title="연구개음 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="연구개음" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8" title="कण्ठ्य व्यंजन – Tiếng Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कण्ठ्य व्यंजन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welar" title="Welar – Tiếng Thượng Sorbia" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Welar" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thượng Sorbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velare" title="Consonante velare – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Consonante velare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="עיצורים וילוניים – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיצורים וילוניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тіл арты дауыссыздар – Tiếng Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіл арты дауыссыздар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C4%81rs_l%C4%ABdzskanis" title="Velārs līdzskanis – Tiếng Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Velārs līdzskanis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomuriniai_priebalsiai" title="Gomuriniai priebalsiai – Tiếng Litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gomuriniai priebalsiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velair" title="Velair – Tiếng Limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Velair" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunsunanta_velara" title="Cunsunanta velara – Tiếng Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cunsunanta velara" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A1ris_hang" title="Veláris hang – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Veláris hang" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Заднонепчена согласка – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Заднонепчена согласка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="മൃദുതാലവ്യം – Tiếng Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൃദുതാലവ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E5%8F%A3%E8%93%8B%E9%9F%B3" title="軟口蓋音 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="軟口蓋音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velarer" title="Velarer – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Velarer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B5%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="طبقی حروف صحیح – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="طبقی حروف صحیح" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%B3%C5%82g%C5%82oska_mi%C4%99kkopodniebienna" title="Spółgłoska miękkopodniebienna – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Spółgłoska miękkopodniebienna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoante_velar" title="Consoante velar – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Consoante velar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoan%C4%83_velar%C4%83" title="Consoană velară – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Consoană velară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Заднеязычные согласные – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Заднеязычные согласные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Velar consonant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaari" title="Velaari – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Velaari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_konsonant" title="Velar konsonant – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Velar konsonant" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katinig_na_belar" title="Katinig na belar – Tiếng Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Katinig na belar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="மெல்லண்ண மெய் – Tiếng Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெல்லண்ண மெய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Тел арты тартыклары – Tiếng Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тел арты тартыклары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artdamaks%C4%B1l_%C3%BCns%C3%BCz" title="Artdamaksıl ünsüz – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Artdamaksıl ünsüz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Задньоязиковий приголосний – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Задньоязиковий приголосний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B5%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="طبقی حروف صحیح – Tiếng Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طبقی حروف صحیح" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_ve%C5%82are" title="Consonante vełare – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Consonante vełare" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="软腭音" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3" title="軟顎音 – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="軟顎音" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="软腭音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19408#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên kết</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Không gian tên"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" title="Xem bài viết [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bài viết</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn:%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" rel="discussion" title="Thảo luận về trang này [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Thảo luận</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Thay đổi biến thể ngôn ngữ" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tiếng Việt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m"><span>Đọc</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit" title="Sửa đổi trang này [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sửa đổi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit" title="Sửa đổi mã nguồn của trang này [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sửa mã nguồn</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=history" title="Các phiên bản cũ của trang này [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Xem lịch sử</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Công cụ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tác vụ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m"><span>Đọc</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit" title="Sửa đổi trang này [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sửa đổi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit" title="Sửa đổi mã nguồn của trang này [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sửa mã nguồn</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=history"><span>Xem lịch sử</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chung </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn_%C4%91%C3%A2y/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" title="Các trang liên kết đến đây [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Các liên kết đến đây</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_li%C3%AAn_quan/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" rel="nofollow" title="Thay đổi gần đây của các trang liên kết đến đây [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Thay đổi liên quan</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Trang_%C4%91%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t" title="Một danh sách chứa tất cả trang đặc biệt [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Trang đặc biệt</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&oldid=71225200" title="Liên kết thường trực đến phiên bản này của trang"><span>Liên kết thường trực</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=info" title="Thêm chi tiết về trang này"><span>Thông tin trang</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Tr%C3%ADch_d%E1%BA%ABn&page=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&id=71225200&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hướng dẫn cách trích dẫn trang này"><span>Trích dẫn trang này</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2582m_ng%25E1%25BA%25A1c_m%25E1%25BB%2581m"><span>Lấy URL ngắn gọn</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2582m_ng%25E1%25BA%25A1c_m%25E1%25BB%2581m"><span>Tải mã QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In và xuất </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:S%C3%A1ch&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m"><span>Tạo một quyển sách</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=show-download-screen"><span>Tải dưới dạng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&printable=yes" title="Bản để in ra của trang [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bản để in ra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tại dự án khác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Velar_consonants" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19408" title="Liên kết đến khoản mục kết nối trong kho dữ liệu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Khoản mục Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Giao diện</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><p><b>Âm ngạc mềm</b>, còn gọi là <b>âm vòm mềm</b> hay <b>âm mạc</b>, là <a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m" title="Phụ âm">phụ âm</a> phát âm bằng phần cuối của lưỡi dựa vào <a href="/wiki/Ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngạc mềm">ngạc mềm</a>, tức phần sau của <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B2m_mi%E1%BB%87ng" title="Vòm miệng">ngạc cứng</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Âm_ngạc_mềm_trong_bảng_ký_hiệu_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế"><span id=".C3.82m_ng.E1.BA.A1c_m.E1.BB.81m_trong_b.E1.BA.A3ng_k.C3.BD_hi.E1.BB.87u_ng.E1.BB.AF_.C3.A2m_qu.E1.BB.91c_t.E1.BA.BF"></span>Âm ngạc mềm trong bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Âm ngạc mềm trong bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Âm ngạc mềm trong bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_k%C3%BD_hi%E1%BB%87u_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế">Bảng ký hiệu ngữ âm quốc tế</a> (IPA) bao gồm ký hiệu cho âm ngạc mềm sau: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">IPA </th> <th rowspan="2">Mô tả </th> <th colspan="4">Ví dụ </th></tr> <tr> <th>Ngôn ngữ </th> <th>Chính tả </th> <th>IPA </th> <th>Nghĩa </th></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-N2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Xsampa-N2.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m" class="mw-redirect" title="Âm mũi vòm mềm">âm mũi vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt">Việt</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>ng</b></span>à </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ŋ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">aː˨˩]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%A0" title="Ngà">ngà</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-k.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Xsampa-k.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="23" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="23" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc vòm mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">âm tắc vòm mềm vô thanh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt">Việt</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>c</b></span>am </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">k</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">aːm˧]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cam" title="Cam">cam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-g.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Xsampa-g.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc vòm mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">âm tắc vòm mềm hữu thanh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh" title="Tiếng Anh">Anh</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>g</b></span>et </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɡ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɛt]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nh%E1%BA%ADn" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:nhận">nhận</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-x.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Xsampa-x.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát vòm mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">âm xát vòm mềm vô thanh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt">Việt</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>kh</b></span>ông </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">x</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">əwŋ͡m˧]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kh%C3%B4ng" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:không">không</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-G2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Xsampa-G2.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="21" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát vòm mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">âm xát vòm mềm hữu thanh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt">Việt</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>gh</b></span>ế </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɣ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">e˧˥]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gh%E1%BA%BF" title="Ghế">ghế</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-X.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Xsampa-X.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát môi vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm xát môi vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh" title="Tiếng Anh">Anh</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>wh</b></span>ich<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ʍ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɪtʃ]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A0o" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:nào">nào</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-Mslash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Xsampa-Mslash.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm tiếp cận vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_T%C3%A2y_Ban_Nha" title="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha">Tây Ban Nha</a> </td> <td>pa<span style="color:#700000"><b>g</b></span>ar </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[pa</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɰ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">aɾ]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tr%E1%BA%A3" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:trả">trả tiền</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-Lslash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Xsampa-Lslash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_c%E1%BA%A1nh_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận cạnh vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm tiếp cận cạnh vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Wahgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiếng Wahgi (trang không tồn tại)">Wahgi trung</a> </td> <td>a<span style="color:#700000"><b>gl</b></span>a<span style="color:#700000"><b>gl</b></span>e </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[a</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ʟ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">a</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ʟ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">e]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ch%C3%B3ng_m%E1%BA%B7t" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:chóng mặt">chóng mặt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Xsampa-w2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Xsampa-w2.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận môi vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm tiếp cận môi vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt">Việt</a> </td> <td>t<span style="color:#700000"><b>u</b></span>ần </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[t̪</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">w</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ən˨˩]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tu%E1%BA%A7n" title="Tuần">tuần</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">kʼ</span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BB%91ng_ra_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tống ra vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm tống ra vòm mềm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Gruzia" title="Tiếng Gruzia">Gruzia</a> </td> <td><span style="color:#700000"><b>კ</b></span>აბა </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">kʼ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">aba]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1y" title="Váy">váy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɠ</span> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào vòm mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">âm hút vào vòm mềm hữu thanh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Sindh" title="Tiếng Sindh">Sindh</a> </td> <td>ڳرو (<span style="color:#700000"><b>g̈</b></span>əro) </td> <td><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[</span><span style="color:#700000"><b><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɠ</span></b></span><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">əro]</span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%E1%BA%B7ng" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:nặng">nặng</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bình_luận"><span id="B.C3.ACnh_lu.E1.BA.ADn"></span>Bình luận</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Bình luận”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Bình luận"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Không tồn tại <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung (trang không tồn tại)">âm rung</a> vòm mềm — đó là lý do ô vuông tương ứng trong Bảng mẫu tự phiên âm quốc tế <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_phi%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF#Các_phụ_âm_pulmonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bảng mẫu tự phiên âm quốc tế">có màu xám</a>. Ở vị trí vòm mềm, lưỡi bị hạn chế về sự vận động nên không thể thi hành vận động rung hay <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ (trang không tồn tại)">vỗ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vì vùng vòm miệng mềm khá rộng, nên vị trí của lưỡi không chính xác lắm. Đây là lý do phụ âm vòm mềm dễ bị đồng hoá, để vị trí phát âm đi trước hay sau tựa vào âm xung quanh. Âm vòm mềm hay chuyển đi phía trước — vòm hoá — trước <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm trước (trang không tồn tại)">nguyên âm trước</a> và chuyển đi phía sau trước <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_sau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm sau (trang không tồn tại)">nguyên âm sau</a>. </p><p>Nhiều thứ tiếng có âm vòm mềm môi hoá, như <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[kʷ]</span>, mà trong âm này môi làm tròn khi phát âm. Cũng có <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B2m_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm môi vòm mềm (trang không tồn tại)">âm môi vòm mềm</a>, mà được phát âm ở cuối lưỡi và đôi môi đồng thời, như trong tiếng Việt <i>u<b>ng</b></i> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[ʔu<b>ŋ͡m</b>˧]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sự_thiếu_âm_vòm_mềm"><span id="S.E1.BB.B1_thi.E1.BA.BFu_.C3.A2m_v.C3.B2m_m.E1.BB.81m"></span>Sự thiếu âm vòm mềm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sửa đổi phần “Sự thiếu âm vòm mềm”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&section=3" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Sự thiếu âm vòm mềm"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Âm vòm mềm <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[k]</span> là phụ âm phổ biến nhất trong các thứ tiếng của loài con người.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ngôn ngữ duy nhất được mô tả là không có âm vòm mềm (hay <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">âm mặt lưỡi</a>) nào cả có vẻ như là <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Xavante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiếng Xavante (trang không tồn tại)">tiếng Xavante</a> và <a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Tahiti" title="Tiếng Tahiti">Tahiti</a>. Tuy nhiên, có ngôn ngữ khác mà không có âm vòm mềm bình thường. Một đặc điểm của các thứ tiếng vùng <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc_Th%C3%A1i_B%C3%ACnh_D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" class="mw-redirect" title="Tây Bắc Thái Bình Dương">Tây Bắc Thái Bình Dương</a> là âm *k lịch sử bị vòm hoá trong nhiều thứ tiếng, trở thành <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[kʲ]</span> hay <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[tʃ]</span>. Thứ tiếng này còn có âm vòm mềm môi hoá <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[kʷ], [kʼʷ], [xʷ], [w]</span> và các âm loạt <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_g%C3%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm lưỡi gà (trang không tồn tại)">lưỡi gà</a>. </p><p>Ngoại trừ <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[g]</span>, không có âm vòm mềm nào đặc biệt phổ biến. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&section=4" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Trong những giọng của tiếng Anh mà phân biệt /ʍ/ trong <i><b>wh</b>ich</i> và /w/ trong <i><b>w</b>itch</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFMadore" class="citation web cs1">Madore, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/linguistic/ipa/">“The International Phonetic Alphabet”</a> [Bảng mẫu tự phiên âm quốc tế] (bằng tiếng Anh).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+International+Phonetic+Alphabet&rft.aulast=Madore&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madore.org%2F~david%2Fmisc%2Flinguistic%2Fipa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFMaddiesonFerrari_Disner1984" class="citation book cs1">Maddieson, Ian; Ferrari Disner, Sandra (1984). Cambridge University Press (biên tập). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/patternsofsounds0000madd"><i>Patterns of Sounds</i></a> [<i>Mẫu hình âm</i>] (bằng tiếng Anh).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patterns+of+Sounds&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Maddieson&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Ferrari+Disner%2C+Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpatternsofsounds0000madd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nguồn"><span id="Ngu.E1.BB.93n"></span>Nguồn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sửa đổi phần “Nguồn”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&section=5" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Nguồn"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLadefogedMaddieson1996" class="citation book cs1">Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). <i>The Sounds of the World's Languages</i> (bằng tiếng Anh). Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-631-19814-8" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-631-19814-8"><bdi>0-631-19814-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sounds+of+the+World%27s+Languages&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-631-19814-8&rft.aulast=Ladefoged&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Maddieson%2C+Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%82m+ng%E1%BA%A1c+m%E1%BB%81m" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69931828">.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-captioned{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background:#f8f9fa;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{padding:0.2em;text-align:center;background:#f2f2ce}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table .wraplinks .selflink{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow)[scope="col"]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-placearrow)[scope="row"]{text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable:not(.IPA-common-audiotable) td:not([colspan]){text-align:center;max-width:1.2em;min-width:1.2em;padding:0.1em 0.2em;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-audiotable td{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-noleftborder{border-left:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-norightborder{border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notopborder{border-top:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-nobottomborder{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-shaded{background-color:#ddd}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes{text-align:left;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div{float:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul li{word-spacing:-0.125em}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69931982">.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-placearrow{border-bottom:none;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow{border-top:none;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(even),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(9):not(.IPA-common-rightborder),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(11):not(.IPA-common-rightborder){border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(odd),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(10):not(.IPA-common-leftborder),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(12):not(.IPA-common-leftborder){border-left:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69932160">.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-nocaption{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.2em 0.4em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-main{text-align:left;padding:0 0.4em;line-height:2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-main>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-sect,.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-desc{margin-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-symbol,.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-desc{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .IPA-coarticulated-symbol{padding-left:0.2em;text-align:center;font-size:125%;width:1.25em}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69931896">.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/320px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/600px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main{table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-nocaption{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th{vertical-align:middle;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="col"]{text-align:center;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="row"]{text-align:right;padding-left:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio td{width:106.67px;min-width:106.67px;height:32px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio td{width:200px;min-width:200px;height:60px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-minorcaption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container{display:flex;justify-content:center;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot{text-align:center;width:1em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:rtl;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left>span{padding-left:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right>span{padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-single{padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}</style><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70958518">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71573313">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bảng_mẫu_tự_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-xem"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_navigation" title="Bản mẫu:IPA navigation"><abbr title="Xem bản mẫu này">x</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-thảo luận"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thảo luận Bản mẫu:IPA navigation (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Thảo luận bản mẫu này">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sửa"><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_navigation&action=edit"><abbr title="Sửa bản mẫu này">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bảng_mẫu_tự_ngữ_âm_quốc_tế" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế">Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Chủ_đề_IPA" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chủ đề IPA</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IPA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hi%E1%BB%87p_h%E1%BB%99i_Ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiệp hội Ngữ âm Quốc tế (trang không tồn tại)">Hiệp hội Ngữ âm Quốc tế</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%E1%BB%8Bch_s%E1%BB%AD_B%E1%BA%A3ng_Phi%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lịch sử Bảng Phiên âm Quốc tế (trang không tồn tại)">Lịch sử bảng mẫu tự</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3ng_phi%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_m%E1%BB%9F_r%E1%BB%99ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bảng phiên âm quốc tế mở rộng (trang không tồn tại)">Bản mở rộng (extIPA)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ch%E1%BA%A5t_gi%E1%BB%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mẫu tự chất giọng (trang không tồn tại)">Mẫu tự chất giọng (VoQS)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E1%BA%ADp_san_c%E1%BB%A7a_Hi%E1%BB%87p_h%E1%BB%99i_Ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tập san của Hiệp hội Ngữ âm Quốc tế (trang không tồn tại)"><i>Journal of the IPA</i> (<i>JIPA</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chủ đề đặc biệt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3ng_phi%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_ch%E1%BB%AF_hoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bảng phiên âm quốc tế chữ hoa (trang không tồn tại)">Dạng chữ hoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3ng_phi%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_ch%E1%BB%AF_in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bảng phiên quốc tế chữ in (trang không tồn tại)">Dạng chữ in</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obsolete_and_nonstandard_symbols_in_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet (trang không tồn tại)">Mẫu tự bất tiêu chuẩn và lỗi thời</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naming_conventions_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet (trang không tồn tại)">Quy chuẩn định danh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinological_extensions_to_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinological extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet (trang không tồn tại)">Bản mở rộng Hán ngữ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ch%C3%ADnh_t%E1%BA%A3_Th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chính tả Thế giới (trang không tồn tại)">Chính tả Thế giới</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart_for_English_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects (trang không tồn tại)">Bảng IPA cho phương ngữ tiếng Anh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mã hóa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comparison_of_ASCII_encodings_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comparison of ASCII encodings of the International Phonetic Alphabet (trang không tồn tại)">Mã hóa ASCII</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAMPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAMPA (trang không tồn tại)">SAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=X-SAMPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X-SAMPA (trang không tồn tại)">X-SAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirshenbaum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirshenbaum (trang không tồn tại)">Kirshenbaum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TIPA_(ph%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%81m)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TIPA (phần mềm) (trang không tồn tại)">TIPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_Unicode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mẫu tự ngữ âm Unicode (trang không tồn tại)">Mẫu tự ngữ âm Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%E1%BB%91_IPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Số IPA (trang không tồn tại)">Số IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_IPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille IPA (trang không tồn tại)">Braille IPA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Phụ_âm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m" title="Phụ âm">Phụ âm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_c%C3%B3_lu%E1%BB%93ng_h%C6%A1i_t%E1%BB%AB_ph%E1%BB%95i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phụ âm có luồng hơi từ phổi (trang không tồn tại)">Phụ âm có luồng hơi từ phổi</a></b> <table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%E1%BB%8B_tr%C3%AD_c%E1%BA%A5u_%C3%A2m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vị trí cấu âm (trang không tồn tại)">Vị trí</a> → </th> <th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm môi (trang không tồn tại)">Môi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="10"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%C3%A0nh_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vành lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">Vành lưỡi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">Mặt lưỡi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_h%E1%BB%8Dng" class="mw-redirect" title="Âm họng">Họng</a> </th></tr> <tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow"><a href="/wiki/Ph%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_th%E1%BB%A9c_c%E1%BA%A5u_%C3%A2m" title="Phương thức cấu âm">Phương thức</a> ↓ </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i" title="Âm môi-môi">Môi – môi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng" class="mw-redirect" title="Âm môi-răng">Môi – răng</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm lưỡi-môi (trang không tồn tại)">Lưỡi – môi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm răng (trang không tồn tại)">Răng</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_l%E1%BB%A3i" title="Âm lợi">Lợi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm sau lợi (trang không tồn tại)">Sau lợi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm quặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">Quặt lưỡi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng" title="Âm ngạc cứng">Ngạc cứng</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ngạc mềm</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t" title="Âm tiểu thiệt">Tiểu thiệt</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_y%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BA%A7u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm yết hầu (trang không tồn tại)">Yết hầu/nắp họng</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u" title="Âm thanh hầu">Thanh hầu</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C5%A9i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc mũi (trang không tồn tại)">Mũi</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi môi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">m̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm mũi môi-môi hữu thanh">m</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɱ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm mũi môi-răng hữu thanh">ɱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi lưỡi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">n̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">n̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɳ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɳ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɲ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm mũi ngạc cứng hữu thanh">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ŋ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm mũi ngạc mềm hữu thanh">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɴ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɴ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc (trang không tồn tại)">Tắc</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh" title="Âm tắc môi-môi vô thanh">p</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm tắc môi-môi hữu thanh">b</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc môi-răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">p̪</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc môi-răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">b̪</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc lưỡi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">t̼</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc lưỡi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">t</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʈ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɖ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">c</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɟ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">k</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc tiểu thiệt vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">q</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɢ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc nắp họng (trang không tồn tại)">ʡ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc thanh hầu (trang không tồn tại)">ʔ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát (trang không tồn tại)">Tắc-xát</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xu%C3%BDt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xuýt (trang không tồn tại)">xuýt</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ts</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">dz</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát sau lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">t̠ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát sau lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d̠ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">tʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">dʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lợi-ngạc-cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">tɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lợi-ngạc-cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">dʑ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tắc-xát không xuýt </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát môi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">pɸ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát môi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">bβ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lưỡi-răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">p̪f</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát lưỡi-răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">b̪v</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">t̪θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d̪ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">tɹ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">dɹ̝</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt sau lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">t̠ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát không xuýt sau lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d̠ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh" title="Âm tắc-xát ngạc cứng vô thanh">cç</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm tắc-xát ngạc cứng hữu thanh">ɟʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">kx</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát tiểu thiệt vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">qχ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɢʁ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát nắp họng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʡʜ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát nắp họng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʡʢ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát thanh hầu vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʔh</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát (trang không tồn tại)">Xát</a> xuýt </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">s</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">z</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát sau lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát sau lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi-ngạc-cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%E1%BB%A3i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lợi-ngạc-cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʑ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Xát không xuýt </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh" title="Âm xát môi-môi vô thanh">ɸ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm xát môi-môi hữu thanh">β</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lưỡi-răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">f</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lưỡi-răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">v</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lưỡi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">θ̼</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát lưỡi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ð̼</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">θ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ð̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt sau lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt sau lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɻ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_kh%C3%B4ng_xu%C3%BDt_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát không xuýt quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɻ˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ç</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">x</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát tiểu thiệt vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">χ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_y%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BA%A7u_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát yết hầu vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ħ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_y%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BA%A7u_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát yết hầu hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʕ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát thanh hầu vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">h</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát thanh hầu hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɦ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn" title="Âm tiếp cận">Tiếp cận</a> </th> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận môi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɹ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɻ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">j</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u_k%E1%BA%B9t_gi%E1%BB%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận thanh hầu kẹt giọng (trang không tồn tại)">ʔ̞</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ (trang không tồn tại)">Vỗ</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ môi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ⱱ̟</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ môi-răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ⱱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ lưỡi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɾ̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_alveolar_tap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless alveolar tap (trang không tồn tại)">ɾ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps (trang không tồn tại)">ɾ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɽ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɽ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_uvular_tap_and_flap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced uvular tap and flap (trang không tồn tại)">ɢ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ nắp họng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʡ̆</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung (trang không tồn tại)">Rung</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung môi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʙ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung môi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʙ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_rung_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm rung lợi hữu thanh">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɽ̊r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɽr</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung tiểu thiệt vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʀ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʀ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung nắp họng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʜ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_rung_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm rung nắp họng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tắc-xát <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_b%C3%AAn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm bên (trang không tồn tại)">bên</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">tɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">dɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">tꞎ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">d𝼅</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">c𝼆</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɟʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">k𝼄</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát bên ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Xát bên </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ꞎ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh" title="Âm xát bên quặt lưỡi hữu thanh">𝼅</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">𝼆</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">𝼄</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát bên ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tiếp cận bên </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">l</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɭ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʎ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʟ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʟ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Vỗ bên </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɺ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɺ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">𝼈̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">𝼈</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʎ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_v%E1%BB%97_b%C3%AAn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm vỗ bên ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʟ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:IPA" title="Trợ giúp:IPA">Trợ giúp IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_IPA_k%C3%A8m_ph%C3%A1t_%C3%A2m_m%E1%BA%ABu" title="Bảng phụ âm IPA kèm phát âm mẫu"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_IPA_k%C3%A8m_ph%C3%A1t_%C3%A2m_m%E1%BA%ABu" title="Bảng phụ âm IPA kèm phát âm mẫu">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế">bảng đầy đủ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_pulmonic_consonants" title="Bản mẫu:IPA pulmonic consonants">bản mẫu</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Trong cùng một ô, các mẫu tự bên phải hữu thanh còn bên trái vô thanh. <span style="display: inline-block;">Các ô tô đậm là cách thức cấu âm mà người bình thường bất khả thực hiện.</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="nowrap"><div style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 2em;"><b>Phụ âm không có luồng hơi từ phổi</b> <table role="presentation" class="" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable" style=""> <tbody><tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i_%E2%80%93_m%C3%B4i" class="mw-redirect" title="Âm môi – môi"><abbr title="Môi – Môi">MM</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_m%C3%B4i_r%C4%83ng" title="Âm môi răng"><abbr title="Môi – răng">MR</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm răng (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Răng">R</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_l%E1%BB%A3i" title="Âm lợi"><abbr title="Lợi">L</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_sau_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm sau lợi (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Sau lợi">SL</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm quặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Quặt lưỡi">QL</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng" title="Âm ngạc cứng"><abbr title="Ngạc cứng">NC</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><abbr title="Ngạc mềm">NM</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t" title="Âm tiểu thiệt"><abbr title="Tiểu thiệt">TT</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u" title="Âm thanh hầu"><abbr title="Nắp họng">NH</abbr></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ph%E1%BB%A5t" title="Âm phụt">Phụt</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc (trang không tồn tại)">Tắc</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt môi-môi (trang không tồn tại)">pʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt lợi (trang không tồn tại)">tʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt quặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">ʈʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt ngạc cứng (trang không tồn tại)">cʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt ngạc mềm (trang không tồn tại)">kʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc phụt tiểu thiệt (trang không tồn tại)">qʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ph%E1%BB%A5t_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm phụt nắp họng (trang không tồn tại)">ʡʼ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát (trang không tồn tại)">Tắc-xát</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt răng (trang không tồn tại)">t̪θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt lợi (trang không tồn tại)">tsʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng-l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt ngạc-cứng-lợi (trang không tồn tại)">t̠ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt quặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">tʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt ngạc mềm (trang không tồn tại)">kxʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt tiểu thiệt (trang không tồn tại)">qχʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát (trang không tồn tại)">Xát</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_h%E1%BB%A5t_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát hụt môi-môi (trang không tồn tại)">ɸʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_m%C3%B4i-r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt môi-răng (trang không tồn tại)">fʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt răng (trang không tồn tại)">θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt lợi (trang không tồn tại)">sʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng-l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt ngạc-cứng-lợi (trang không tồn tại)">ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt quặt lưỡi (trang không tồn tại)">ʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_l%E1%BB%A3i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt lợi-ngạc-cứng (trang không tồn tại)">ɕʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt ngạc mềm (trang không tồn tại)">xʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt tiểu thiệt (trang không tồn tại)">χʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tắc-xát <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_b%C3%AAn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm bên (trang không tồn tại)">bên</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc-x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc-xát phụt bên lợi (trang không tồn tại)">tɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ph%E1%BB%A5t" title="Âm phụt">c𝼆ʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ph%E1%BB%A5t" title="Âm phụt">k𝼄ʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Xát bên </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_ph%E1%BB%A5t_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát phụt bên lợi (trang không tồn tại)">ɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt" title="Âm chắt">Chắt</a><br />(trên: ngạc mềm;<br />dưới: tiểu thiệt) </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phụ âm mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">Mảnh</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt môi-môi mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">kʘ<br />qʘ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_r%C4%83ng_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt răng mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">kǀ<br />qǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_l%E1%BB%A3i_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt lợi mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">kǃ<br />qǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt quặt lưỡi mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">k𝼊<br />q𝼊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt ngạc cứng mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">kǂ<br />qǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hữu thanh </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh_th%E1%BA%A3_sau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt môi-môi hữu thanh thả sau (trang không tồn tại)">ɡʘ<br />ɢʘ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt răng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡǀ<br />ɢǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡǃ<br />ɢǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_(phonetics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voice (phonetics) (trang không tồn tại)">ɡ𝼊<br />ɢ𝼊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡǂ<br />ɢǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi (trang không tồn tại)">Mũi</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi môi-môi (trang không tồn tại)">ŋʘ<br />ɴʘ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i_r%C4%83ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi răng (trang không tồn tại)">ŋǀ<br />ɴǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi lợi (trang không tồn tại)">ŋǃ<br />ɴǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C5%A9i_h%C3%B3a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mũi hóa (trang không tồn tại)">ŋ𝼊<br />ɴ𝼊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi ngạc cứng (trang không tồn tại)">ŋǂ<br />ɴǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_th%E1%BA%A3_sau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt ngạc mềm thả sau (trang không tồn tại)">ʞ</a></span><br />  </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Bên mảnh </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_m%E1%BA%A3nh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt bên lợi mảnh (trang không tồn tại)">kǁ<br />qǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Bên hữu thanh </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt bên lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡǁ<br />ɢǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Bên mũi </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ch%E1%BA%AFt_m%C5%A9i_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm chắt mũi bên lợi (trang không tồn tại)">ŋǁ<br />ɴǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào (trang không tồn tại)">Hút vào</a> </th> <th scope="row">Hữu thanh </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào môi-môi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɓ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_l%E1%BB%A3i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào lợi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɗ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào quặt lưỡi hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ᶑ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào ngạc cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʄ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào ngạc mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɠ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào tiểu thiệt hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʛ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Vô thanh </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào môi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɓ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_l%E1%BB%A3i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào lợi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɗ̥</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_qu%E1%BA%B7t_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào quặt lưỡi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ᶑ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào ngạc cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʄ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào ngạc mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɠ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_h%C3%BAt_v%C3%A0o_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm hút vào tiểu thiệt vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʛ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:IPA" title="Trợ giúp:IPA">Trợ giúp IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/IPA_non-pulmonic_consonant_chart_with_audio" title="IPA non-pulmonic consonant chart with audio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPA_non-pulmonic_consonant_chart_with_audio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPA non-pulmonic consonant chart with audio (trang không tồn tại)">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế">bảng đầy đủ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_non-pulmonic_consonants" title="Bản mẫu:IPA non-pulmonic consonants">bản mẫu</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="display: inline-block;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_c%E1%BA%A5u_%C3%A2m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phụ âm đồng cấu âm (trang không tồn tại)">Phụ âm đồng cấu âm</a></b> <table role="presentation" class="" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="nowrap IPA-coarticulated-main IPA-coarticulated-nocaption" style=""> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi (trang không tồn tại)">Mũi</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">n͡m</span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labial%E2%80%93coronal_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labial–coronal consonant (trang không tồn tại)">Môi – lợi</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_m%C5%A9i_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm mũi môi-ngạc-mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ŋ͡m</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labial%E2%80%93velar_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labial–velar consonant (trang không tồn tại)">Môi – ngạc mềm</a></div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_b%E1%BA%ADt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm bật (trang không tồn tại)">Bật</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">t͡p</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">d͡b</span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Môi – lợi</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc môi-ngạc-mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">k͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc môi-ngạc-mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɡ͡b</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Môi – ngạc mềm</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_t%E1%BA%AFc_ti%E1%BB%83u-thi%E1%BB%87t-n%E1%BA%AFp-h%E1%BB%8Dng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tắc tiểu-thiệt-nắp-họng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">q͡ʡ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%E1%BB%A5_%C3%A2m_ti%E1%BB%83u_thi%E1%BB%87t_%E2%80%93_n%E1%BA%AFp_h%E1%BB%8Dng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phụ âm tiểu thiệt – nắp họng (trang không tồn tại)">Tiểu thiệt – nắp họng</a></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát (trang không tồn tại)">Xát</a>/<a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn" title="Âm tiếp cận">Tiếp cận</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát môi-ngạc-cứng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɥ̊</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận môi-ngạc-cứng hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ɥ</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%B4i_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_h%C3%B3a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Môi ngạc cứng hóa (trang không tồn tại)">Môi – ngạc cứng</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c-m%E1%BB%81m_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát môi-ngạc-mềm vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">ʍ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c%E2%80%93m%E1%BB%81m_h%E1%BB%AFu_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát môi-ngạc–mềm hữu thanh (trang không tồn tại)">w</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Môi – ngạc mềm</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">ɧ</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj-sound&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sj-sound (trang không tồn tại)">âm <i>Sj</i></a> (biến thiên)</div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect">Tiếp cận <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lateral_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lateral consonant (trang không tồn tại)">bên</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_b%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%A3i_ng%E1%BA%A1c%E2%80%93m%E1%BB%81m%E2%80%93h%C3%B3a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận bên lợi ngạc–mềm–hóa (trang không tồn tại)">ɫ</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Lợi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Velarization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velarization (trang không tồn tại)">ngạc mềm hóa</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:IPA" title="Trợ giúp:IPA">Trợ giúp IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế">bảng đầy đủ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_co-articulated_consonants" title="Bản mẫu:IPA co-articulated consonants">bản mẫu</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Khác" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Khác</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_m%C3%B4i-ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m_m%C5%A9i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận môi-ngạc mềm mũi (trang không tồn tại)">Âm tiếp cận môi-ngạc mềm mũi</a> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[w̃]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_ng%E1%BA%A1c_c%E1%BB%A9ng_m%C5%A9i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận ngạc cứng mũi (trang không tồn tại)">Âm tiếp cận ngạc cứng mũi</a> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[j̃]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_x%C3%A1t_r%C4%83ng-r%C4%83ng_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm xát răng-răng vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">Âm xát răng-răng vô thanh</a> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[h̪͆]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_b%E1%BA%ADt_r%C4%83ng_h%E1%BA%ADu-rung_m%C3%B4i-m%C3%B4i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm bật răng hậu-rung môi-môi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">Âm bật răng hậu-rung môi-môi vô thanh</a> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[t̪ʙ̥]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFp_c%E1%BA%ADn_thanh_h%E1%BA%A7u_m%C5%A9i_v%C3%B4_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Âm tiếp cận thanh hầu mũi vô thanh (trang không tồn tại)">Âm tiếp cận thanh hầu mũi vô thanh</a> <span title="Kí hiệu đại diện trong IPA" class="IPA">[h̃]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Nguyên_âm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m" title="Nguyên âm">Nguyên âm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-nocaption IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_h%C3%A0ng_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm hàng trước (trang không tồn tại)">Hàng trước</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_h%C3%A0ng_gi%E1%BB%AFa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm hàng giữa (trang không tồn tại)">Hàng giữa</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_h%C3%A0ng_sau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm hàng sau (trang không tồn tại)">Hàng sau</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm đóng (trang không tồn tại)">Đóng</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_kh%C3%B4ng_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_%C4%91%C3%B3ng" title="Nguyên âm không tròn môi trước đóng">i</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_%C4%91%C3%B3ng" title="Nguyên âm tròn môi trước đóng">y</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_gi%E1%BB%AFa_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm tròn môi giữa đóng (trang không tồn tại)">ɨ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_gi%E1%BB%AFa_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm tròn môi giữa đóng (trang không tồn tại)">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_kh%C3%B4ng_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_sau_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm không tròn môi sau đóng (trang không tồn tại)">ɯ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_sau_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm tròn môi sau đóng (trang không tồn tại)">u</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_g%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm gần đóng (trang không tồn tại)">Gần đóng</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_kh%C3%B4ng_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_g%E1%BA%A7n_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_g%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm không tròn môi gần trước gần đóng (trang không tồn tại)">ɪ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i_g%E1%BA%A7n_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_g%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm tròn môi gần trước gần đóng (trang không tồn tại)">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Near-close near-back rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_n%E1%BB%ADa_%C4%91%C3%B3ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm nửa đóng (trang không tồn tại)">Nửa đóng</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">e</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid front rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ø</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid central unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɘ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid central rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid back unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɤ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">o</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_v%E1%BB%ABa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm vừa (trang không tồn tại)">Vừa</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">e̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_front_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid front rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_central_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid central vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ə</a></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid back unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid back rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">o̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_n%E1%BB%ADa_m%E1%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm nửa mở (trang không tồn tại)">Nửa mở</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɛ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid front rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">œ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid central unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɜ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid central rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid back unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ʌ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_g%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm gần mở (trang không tồn tại)">Gần mở</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">æ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(80px, -2px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Near-open_central_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Near-open central vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɐ</a></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_m%E1%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên âm mở (trang không tồn tại)">Mở</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open front unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">a</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_front_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open front rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open central unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ä</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(57px, -4px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open back unrounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɑ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open back rounded vowel (trang không tồn tại)">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:IPA" title="Trợ giúp:IPA">Trợ giúp IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_IPA_v%E1%BB%9Bi_%C3%A2m_thanh" title="Bảng nguyên âm IPA với âm thanh"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3ng_nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m_IPA_v%E1%BB%9Bi_%C3%A2m_thanh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bảng nguyên âm IPA với âm thanh (trang không tồn tại)">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_m%E1%BA%ABu_t%E1%BB%B1_ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Bảng mẫu tự ngữ âm quốc tế">bảng đầy đủ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:IPA_vowels" title="Bản mẫu:IPA vowels">bản mẫu</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Đi theo cặp trái phải: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BB%99_tr%C3%B2n_m%C3%B4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Độ tròn môi (trang không tồn tại)">không tròn môi <span style="color: #000;">•</span> tròn môi</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Lấy từ “<a dir="ltr" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Âm_ngạc_mềm&oldid=71225200">https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Âm_ngạc_mềm&oldid=71225200</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i" title="Đặc biệt:Thể loại">Thể loại</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Ng%E1%BB%AF_%C3%A2m_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Thể loại:Ngữ âm học">Ngữ âm học</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Thể loại ẩn: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_CS1_ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh_(en)" title="Thể loại:Nguồn CS1 tiếng Anh (en)">Nguồn CS1 tiếng Anh (en)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Trang này được sửa đổi lần cuối vào ngày 18 tháng 3 năm 2024, 15:03.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Văn bản được phát hành theo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nguy%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_Gi%E1%BA%A5y_ph%C3%A9p_Creative_Commons_Ghi_c%C3%B4ng%E2%80%93Chia_s%E1%BA%BB_t%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_t%E1%BB%B1_phi%C3%AAn_b%E1%BA%A3n_4.0_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Wikipedia:Nguyên văn Giấy phép Creative Commons Ghi công–Chia sẻ tương tự phiên bản 4.0 Quốc tế">Giấy phép Creative Commons Ghi công–Chia sẻ tương tự</a>; có thể áp dụng điều khoản bổ sung. Với việc sử dụng trang web này, bạn chấp nhận <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/vi">Điều khoản Sử dụng</a> và <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/vi">Quy định quyền riêng tư</a>. Wikipedia® là thương hiệu đã đăng ký của <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, một tổ chức phi lợi nhuận.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Quy định quyền riêng tư</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u">Giới thiệu Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ph%E1%BB%A7_nh%E1%BA%ADn_chung">Lời phủ nhận</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Bộ Quy tắc Ứng xử Chung</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Lập trình viên</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/vi.wikipedia.org">Thống kê</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Tuyên bố về cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//vi.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Phiên bản di động</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d94db5ff4-49rsc","wgBackendResponseTime":161,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.652","walltime":"0.784","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7682,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":373709,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":46604,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":19083,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 613.505 1 -total"," 80.05% 491.125 1 Bản_mẫu:IPA_navigation"," 72.75% 446.335 1 Bản_mẫu:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 53.58% 328.715 4 Bản_mẫu:IPA_common"," 34.09% 209.139 243 Bản_mẫu:IPA_link"," 29.89% 183.369 1 Bản_mẫu:IPA_pulmonic_consonants"," 27.69% 169.870 1 Bản_mẫu:IPA_pulmonic_consonants/table"," 17.31% 106.214 1 Bản_mẫu:Tham_khảo"," 15.33% 94.032 1 Bản_mẫu:IPA_non-pulmonic_consonants"," 14.60% 89.556 1 Bản_mẫu:IPA_non-pulmonic_consonants/table"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.292","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5375084,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-697b7966c5-hcvp6","timestamp":"20241126173631","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u00c2m ng\u1ea1c m\u1ec1m","url":"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q19408","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q19408","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qu\u1ef9 Wikimedia","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-02-05T03:02:42Z","dateModified":"2024-03-18T15:03:41Z"}</script> </body> </html>