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ID 选择器</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Attribute_selectors">属性选择器</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Pseudo-classes_and_pseudo-elements">伪类和伪元素</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Combinators">关系选择器</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Cascade_and_inheritance">层叠、优先级与继承</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Cascade_layers">层叠层</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/The_box_model">盒模型</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Backgrounds_and_borders">背景与边框</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Handling_different_text_directions">处理不同方向的文本</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Overflowing_content">溢出的内容</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Values_and_units">CSS 值和单位</a></li><li><a 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href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Classes_in_JavaScript">JavaScript 中的类</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/JSON">使用 JSON</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_building_practice">实践对象构造</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features">为“弹球”示例添加新功能</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details open=""><summary>异步 JavaScript</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous">异步 JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing">异步 JavaScript 简介</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises">如何使用 Promise</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Implementing_a_promise-based_API">如何实现基于 Promise 的 API</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers">workers 简介</a></li><li><em><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Sequencing_animations" aria-current="page">序列动画</a></em></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>客户端 Web API</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs">客户端 Web API</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Introduction">Web API 简介</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Manipulating_documents">操作文档</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Fetching_data">从服务器获取数据</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Third_party_APIs">第三方 API</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Drawing_graphics">绘图</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs">视频和音频 API</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Client-side_storage">客户端存储</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms">Web 表单——与用户数据打交道</a></li><li><details><summary>Web 表单核心</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms">Web 表单构建块</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Your_first_form">创建我的第一个表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form">如何构建 HTML 表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls">原生表单部件</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/HTML5_input_types">HTML5 的输入（input）类型</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Other_form_controls">其他表单控件</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Styling_web_forms">样式化 Web 表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Advanced_form_styling">表单样式化进阶</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes">UI 伪类</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Form_validation">表单数据校验</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data">发送表单数据</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Web 表单进阶</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/How_to_build_custom_form_controls">如何构建自定义表单控件</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Sending_forms_through_JavaScript">使用 JavaScript 发送表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Property_compatibility_table_for_form_controls">表单控件兼容性列表</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/HTML_forms_in_legacy_browsers">旧式浏览器中的 HTML 表单</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility">无障碍——使每个人都能使用 Web</a></li><li><details><summary>无障碍指南</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility">无障碍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility">什么是无障碍？</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/HTML">HTML：无障碍的良好基础</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript">CSS 和 JavaScript 无障碍最佳实践</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics">WAI-ARIA 基础</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Multimedia">多媒体无障碍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Mobile">移动端无障碍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting">测验：无障碍疑难解答</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance">性能——使网站快速响应</a></li><li><details><summary>性能指南</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance">Web 性能</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/why_web_performance">Web 性能的重要性</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/What_is_web_performance">什么是 web 性能？</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Perceived_performance">感知性能</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Measuring_performance">测量性能</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Multimedia">多媒体：图片</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/video">多媒体：视频</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/JavaScript">JavaScript 性能优化</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/HTML">HTML 性能优化</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/CSS">CSS 性能优化</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/business_case_for_performance">web 性能的商业案例</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML">MathML——使用 MathML 语言撰写数学表达式</a></li><li><details><summary>MathML 第一步</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps">MathML 入门概述</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Getting_started">MathML 使用入门</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Text_containers">MathML 文本容器</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Fractions_and_roots">MathML 分数和根号</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Scripts">MathML 附加符号</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Tables">MathML 表格</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Three_famous_mathematical_formulas">三个著名的数学公式</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/../Games">游戏——开发 Web 游戏</a></li><li><details><summary>指南和基础教程</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Games/Introduction">Web 游戏开发简介</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Games/Techniques">游戏开发技术</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Games/Tutorials">教程</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Games/Publishing_games">发布游戏</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing">工具与测试</a></li><li><details><summary>客户端 web 开发工具</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools">理解客户端 web 开发工具</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Overview">客户端工具概述</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Command_line">命令行速成课</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Package_management">软件包管理基础</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain">介绍完整的工具链</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Deployment">部署我们的应用</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>客户端框架介绍</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Introduction">客户端框架介绍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Main_features">框架的主要特性</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>React</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_getting_started">React 入门</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_todo_list_beginning">开始我们的 React 待办清单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_components">组件化我们的 React App</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_interactivity_events_state">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_accessibility">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_resources">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Ember</summary><ol><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_getting_started">Getting started with Ember</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_structure_componentization">Ember app structure and componentization</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_interactivity_events_state">Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_conditional_footer">Ember Interactivity: Footer functionality, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_routing">Routing in Ember</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_resources">Ember resources and troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Vue</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_getting_started">开始使用 Vue</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_first_component">创建第一个 Vue 组件</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_rendering_lists">渲染 Vue 组件列表</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_methods_events_models">使用 Vue event、method 和 model 添加一个新的 todo 表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_styling">使用 CSS 为 Vue 组件添加样式</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_computed_properties">Vue 中的计算属性</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_conditional_rendering">Vue 中的条件渲染：编辑现有的待办事项</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_refs_focus_management">使用 Vue 模板引用进行焦点管理</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_resources">Vue 资源</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Svelte</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_getting_started">Svelte 入门</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_Todo_list_beginning">开始编写我们的 Svelte 待办事项列表应用程序</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_variables_props">Svelte 中的动态行为：变量和属性</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_components">将我们的 Svelte 应用组件化</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_reactivity_lifecycle_accessibility">Svelte 进阶：响应式、生命周期以及无障碍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_stores">使用 Svelte store</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_TypeScript">Svelte 对 TypeScript 的支持</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_deployment_next">部署以及下一步</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Angular</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_getting_started">Angular 入门</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_todo_list_beginning">Beginning our Angular todo list app</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_styling">Styling our Angular app</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_item_component">Creating an item component</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_filtering">Filtering our to-do items</a></li><li><a class="only-in-en-us" title="此页面目前仅提供英文版本" href="/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_building">Building Angular applications and further resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Git 和 GitHub</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/GitHub">Git 和 GitHub</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>跨浏览器测试</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing">跨浏览器测试</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Introduction">跨浏览器测试介绍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Testing_strategies">测试的策略</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/HTML_and_CSS">处理常见的 HTML 和 CSS 问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/JavaScript">处理常见的 JavaScript 问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Accessibility">解决常见的无障碍问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Feature_detection">实现特性检测</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Automated_testing">自动化测试简介</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Your_own_automation_environment">搭建自己的自动化测试环境</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side">服务端网页编程</a></li><li><details><summary>第一步</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps">服务端网站编程的第一步</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction">服务端编程介绍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview">客户端服务端交互概述</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks">服务端 web 框架</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security">站点安全</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Django Web 框架（Python）</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django">Django Web 框架 (python)</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Introduction">Django 介绍</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/development_environment">设置 Django 开发环境</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website">Django Tutorial Part 2: 创建网站的地基</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Models">Django Tutorial Part 3: 使用模型</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Admin_site">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django 管理员站点</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Home_page">Django 教程 5：主页构建</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Generic_views">Django 教程 6: 通用列表和详细信息视图</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Sessions">Django 教程 7: 会话框架</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Authentication">Django 教程 8：用户授权与许可</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Forms">Django 教程 9: 使用表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Testing">Django 教程 10: 测试 Django 网页应用</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Deployment">Django 教程 11：部署 Django 到生产环境</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/web_application_security">Django Web 应用安全</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog">评估：DIY Django 微博客</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Express Web 框架（Node.js/JavaScript）</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs">Express Web 框架（Node.js/JavaScript）</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction">Express/Node 入门</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment">设置 Node 开发环境</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website">Express 教程：本地图书馆网站</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website">Express 教程 2：创建站点框架</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose">Express 教程 3：使用数据库 (Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes">Express 教程 4：路由和控制器</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data">Express 教程 5: 呈现图书馆数据</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms">Express 教程 6: 使用表单</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment">Express 教程 7: 部署到生产环境</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions">更多资源</a></li><li><details><summary>常见问题</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions">常见问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto">使用 HTML 解决常见问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Howto">解决常见的 CSS 问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Howto">解决 JavaSctript 代码的常见问题</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Web_mechanics">Web 机制</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Tools_and_setup">工具和安装</a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Design_and_accessibility">设计与无障碍</a></li></ol></details></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">在本文中</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#起点">起点</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#项目简介">项目简介</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#完成步骤">完成步骤</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#评估或进一步的帮助">评估或进一步的帮助</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="zh-CN"><header><h1>序列动画</h1></header><div class="section-content"><ul class="prev-next"> <li><a class="button secondary" href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers"><span class="button-wrap"> 上一页 </span></a></li> <li><a class="button secondary" href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous"><span class="button-wrap"> 概述：异步 JavaScript</span></a></li> </ul> <p>在本测验中，你将使用我们在<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises">如何使用 Promise</a> 中学习的一些技术来更新页面，使它能够按顺序播放一系列动画。</p> <figure class="table-container"><table> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">前置条件：</th> <td>基本的计算机知识，对 JavaScript 基础知识的一定了解，能够使用基于 Promise 的 API。</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">目标：</th> <td>测试使用基于 Promise 的 API 的能力。</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure></div><section aria-labelledby="起点"><h2 id="起点"><a href="#起点">起点</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>创建一份 <a href="https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/tree/main/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/start" class="external" target="_blank">https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/tree/main/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/start</a> 的本地副本。它包含下列文件：</p> <ul> <li>alice.svg</li> <li>index.html</li> <li>main.js</li> <li>style.css</li> </ul> <p>你需要编辑的唯一一个文件是“main.js”。</p> <p>如果你在浏览器中打开“index.html”，你会看到三张图片呈对角排列：</p> <p> <img src="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Sequencing_animations/sequencing-animations.png" alt="序列动画测验页面的屏幕截图" width="434" height="434" loading="lazy"> </p> <p>这些图像取自我们的 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Web_Animations_API/Using_the_Web_Animations_API">Using the Web Animations API</a> 指南。</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="项目简介"><h2 id="项目简介"><a href="#项目简介">项目简介</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>我们希望更新此页面，来将动画依次应用于所有三个图像。也就是说，当第一个动画完成时，我们开始第二个动画，当第二个完成时，我们开始第三个动画。</p> <p>要应用的动画已经在“main.js”中被定义：效果是旋转图像并缩小它至消失。</p> <p>请<a href="https://mdn.github.io/learning-area/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/finished/" class="external" target="_blank">查看完成的示例</a>来更好地了解页面的预期工作方式。注意：动画只会执行一次，你需要重新加载页面来重新运行它们。</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="完成步骤"><h2 id="完成步骤"><a href="#完成步骤">完成步骤</a></h2><div class="section-content"></div></section><section aria-labelledby="设置第一个图像的动画"><h3 id="设置第一个图像的动画"><a href="#设置第一个图像的动画">设置第一个图像的动画</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>我们使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Web_Animations_API">Web Animations API</a> 对图像进行动画处理，特别是 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element/animate" title="element.animate()"><code>element.animate()</code></a> 方法。</p> <p>更新“main.js”以添加对 <code>alice1.animate()</code> 的调用，就像这样：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>const aliceTumbling = [ { transform: "rotate(0) scale(1)" }, { transform: "rotate(360deg) scale(0)" }, ]; const aliceTiming = { duration: 2000, iterations: 1, fill: "forwards", }; const alice1 = document.querySelector("#alice1"); const alice2 = document.querySelector("#alice2"); const alice3 = document.querySelector("#alice3"); alice1.animate(aliceTumbling, aliceTiming); </code></pre></div> <p>重载页面，你应该就会看到第一个图像旋转收缩的动画。</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="设置所有图像的动画"><h3 id="设置所有图像的动画"><a href="#设置所有图像的动画">设置所有图像的动画</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>接下来，我们希望在 <code>alice1</code> 完成时启动 <code>alice2</code> 的动画，在 <code>alice2</code> 完成时启动 <code>alice3</code> 的动画。</p> <p><code>animate()</code> 方法返回 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Animation"><code>Animation</code></a> 对象。这个对象有一个 <code>finished</code> 属性，这是会在一个在动画播放结束时兑现（fulfilled）的 <code>Promise</code>。所以我们可以利用这个 Promise 获得开始下一个动画的时机。</p> <p>我们希望你尝试一些不同的方式来实现这个功能，以便于加强对使用 Promise 的不同方式的理解。</p> <ol> <li> <p>首先，实现一个能够工作的代码，但它存在“回调地狱”问题（我们在<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing#%E5%9B%9E%E8%B0%83">关于回调的讨论</a>中提到过）的 Promise 版本。</p> </li> <li> <p>接下来，使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises#%E9%93%BE%E5%BC%8F%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8_promise">Promise 链</a>来实现它。注意：可以用<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Functions#%E7%AE%AD%E5%A4%B4%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0">箭头函数</a>的不同形式来编写这个函数。尝试这些不同的形式。哪个最简洁？哪个可读性最好？</p> </li> <li> <p>使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises#async_%E5%92%8C_await"><code>async</code> 和 <code>await</code></a> 来实现它。</p> </li> </ol> <p>别忘了，<code>element.animate()</code> 并不返回一个 <code>Promise</code>：它返回一个 <code>Animation</code> 对象，该对象具有一个 <code>finished</code> 属性，这个属性才是 <code>Promise</code>。</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="评估或进一步的帮助"><h2 id="评估或进一步的帮助"><a href="#评估或进一步的帮助">评估或进一步的帮助</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>如果你希望自己的作品被评估，或者遇到困难想寻求帮助：</p> <ol> <li> <p>将作品放入在线共享编辑器中，如 <a href="https://codepen.io/" class="external" target="_blank">CodePen</a>，<a href="https://jsfiddle.net/" class="external" target="_blank">jsFiddle</a>，或者 <a href="https://glitch.com/" class="external" target="_blank">Glitch</a>。</p> </li> <li> <p>在 <a href="https://discourse.mozilla.org/c/mdn/learn/250" class="external" target="_blank">MDN 论坛学习分类</a>中写一篇文章寻求评估和/或帮助。你的文章应该包括：</p> <ul> <li>一个描述性的标题，如“请帮助评估测序动画”。</li> <li>详细说明你已经尝试过的方法，以及你希望我们做的事情，例如：你遇到困难需要帮助，或者你完成了作品，需要评估。</li> <li>一个指向你的作品的链接（托管在在线共享编辑器中，如步骤 1 所述），这是一个很好的实践ーー如果你看不到他们的代码，就很难帮助有编码问题的人。</li> <li>指向实际任务或评估页面的链接，这样我们就可以找到你需要帮助的问题。</li> </ul> </li> </ol><ul class="prev-next"> <li><a class="button secondary" href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers"><span class="button-wrap"> 上一页 </span></a></li> <li><a class="button secondary" href="/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous"><span class="button-wrap"> 概述：异步 JavaScript</span></a></li> </ul></div></section></article><aside class="article-footer"><div class="article-footer-inner"><div class="svg-container"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="162" height="162" viewBox="0 0 162 162" fill="none" role="none"><mask id="b" 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href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/Dealing_with_files\">处理文件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/HTML_basics\">HTML 基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/CSS_basics\">CSS 基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/JavaScript_basics\">JavaScript 基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/Publishing_your_website\">发布你的网站</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/How_the_Web_works\">万维网是如何工作的</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML\">HTML——构建 Web</a></li><li><details><summary>HTML 介绍</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML\">HTML 简介</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Getting_started\">开始学习 HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/The_head_metadata_in_HTML\">“头”里有什么——HTML 元信息</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/HTML_text_fundamentals\">HTML 文本处理基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Creating_hyperlinks\">创建超链接</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Advanced_text_formatting\">文本格式进阶</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Document_and_website_structure\">文档与网站架构</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Debugging_HTML\">HTML 调试</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Marking_up_a_letter\">标记信件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML/Structuring_a_page_of_content\">构建网页内容</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>多媒体与嵌入</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding\">多媒体与嵌入</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Images_in_HTML\">HTML 中的图片</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Video_and_audio_content\">视频和音频内容</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Other_embedding_technologies\">从 object 到 iframe——其他嵌入技术</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Adding_vector_graphics_to_the_Web\">向 web 中添加矢量图形</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Responsive_images\">响应式图片</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Multimedia_and_embedding/Mozilla_splash_page\">Mozilla 欢迎页面</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>HTML 表格</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Tables\">HTML 表格</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Tables/Basics\">HTML 表格基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Tables/Advanced\">HTML 表格进阶特性和无障碍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Tables/Structuring_planet_data\">作业：构建行星数据</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS\">CSS——设计 Web</a></li><li><details><summary>CSS 第一步</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps\">CSS 入门概述</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/What_is_CSS\">什么是 CSS?</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/Getting_started\">让我们开始 CSS 的学习之旅</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/How_CSS_is_structured\">CSS 的组成</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/How_CSS_works\">CSS 如何运行</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/Styling_a_biography_page\">运用你的新知识</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>CSS 基础</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks\">CSS 构建</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors\">CSS 选择器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Type_Class_and_ID_Selectors\">类型、类和 ID 选择器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Attribute_selectors\">属性选择器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Pseudo-classes_and_pseudo-elements\">伪类和伪元素</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors/Combinators\">关系选择器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Cascade_and_inheritance\">层叠、优先级与继承</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Cascade_layers\">层叠层</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/The_box_model\">盒模型</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Backgrounds_and_borders\">背景与边框</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Handling_different_text_directions\">处理不同方向的文本</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Overflowing_content\">溢出的内容</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Values_and_units\">CSS 值和单位</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Sizing_items_in_CSS\">在 CSS 中调整大小</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Images_media_form_elements\">图像、媒体和表单元素</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Styling_tables\">样式化表格</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Advanced_styling_effects\">高级区块效果</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Debugging_CSS\">调试 CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Organizing\">组织 CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension\">基本的 CSS 理解</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Creating_fancy_letterheaded_paper\">创建精美的信纸</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/A_cool_looking_box\">一个漂亮的盒子</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>样式化文本</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text\">为文本添加样式（样式化文本）</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Fundamentals\">基本文本和字体样式</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_lists\">为列表添加样式</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_links\">样式化链接</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Web_fonts\">Web 字体</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Typesetting_a_homepage\">作业：排版社区大学首页</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>CSS 排版</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout\">CSS 布局</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Introduction\">介绍 CSS 布局</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Normal_Flow\">常规流布局</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Flexbox\">弹性盒子</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Grids\">网格</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Floats\">浮动</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Positioning\">定位</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Multiple-column_Layout\">多列布局</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design\">响应式设计</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Media_queries\">媒体查询入门指南</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Legacy_Layout_Methods\">传统的布局方法</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Supporting_Older_Browsers\">支持旧浏览器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension\">作业：基本布局理解</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript\">JavaScript——用户端动态脚本</a></li><li><details><summary>JavaScript 第一步</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps\">JavaScript 第一步</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/What_is_JavaScript\">什么是 JavaScript？</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/A_first_splash\">JavaScript 初体验</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/What_went_wrong\">查找并解决 JavaScript 代码的错误</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Variables\">如何存储你需要的信息——变量</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Math\">JavaScript 中的基础数学 — 数字和操作符</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Strings\">文本处理——JavaScript 中的字符串</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Useful_string_methods\">有用的字符串方法</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Arrays\">数组</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Silly_story_generator\">笑话生成器</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>JavaScript 基础</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks\">创建 JavaScript 代码块</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/conditionals\">在代码中做决定——条件语句</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Looping_code\">循环吧，代码</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Functions\">函数——可复用的代码块</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Build_your_own_function\">创建你自己的函数</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Return_values\">函数返回值</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events\">事件介绍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Event_bubbling\">事件冒泡</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Image_gallery\">图片库</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>JavaScript 对象介绍</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects\">JavaScript 对象入门</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Basics\">JavaScript 对象基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_prototypes\">对象原型</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object-oriented_programming\">面向对象编程基本概念</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Classes_in_JavaScript\">JavaScript 中的类</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/JSON\">使用 JSON</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_building_practice\">实践对象构造</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features\">为“弹球”示例添加新功能</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details open=\"\"><summary>异步 JavaScript</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous\">异步 JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing\">异步 JavaScript 简介</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises\">如何使用 Promise</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Implementing_a_promise-based_API\">如何实现基于 Promise 的 API</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers\">workers 简介</a></li><li><em><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Sequencing_animations\" aria-current=\"page\">序列动画</a></em></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>客户端 Web API</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs\">客户端 Web API</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Introduction\">Web API 简介</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Manipulating_documents\">操作文档</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Fetching_data\">从服务器获取数据</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Third_party_APIs\">第三方 API</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Drawing_graphics\">绘图</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs\">视频和音频 API</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Client-side_storage\">客户端存储</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms\">Web 表单——与用户数据打交道</a></li><li><details><summary>Web 表单核心</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms\">Web 表单构建块</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Your_first_form\">创建我的第一个表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form\">如何构建 HTML 表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls\">原生表单部件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/HTML5_input_types\">HTML5 的输入（input）类型</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Other_form_controls\">其他表单控件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Styling_web_forms\">样式化 Web 表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Advanced_form_styling\">表单样式化进阶</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes\">UI 伪类</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Form_validation\">表单数据校验</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data\">发送表单数据</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Web 表单进阶</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/How_to_build_custom_form_controls\">如何构建自定义表单控件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Sending_forms_through_JavaScript\">使用 JavaScript 发送表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/Property_compatibility_table_for_form_controls\">表单控件兼容性列表</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Forms/HTML_forms_in_legacy_browsers\">旧式浏览器中的 HTML 表单</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility\">无障碍——使每个人都能使用 Web</a></li><li><details><summary>无障碍指南</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility\">无障碍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility\">什么是无障碍？</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/HTML\">HTML：无障碍的良好基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript\">CSS 和 JavaScript 无障碍最佳实践</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics\">WAI-ARIA 基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Multimedia\">多媒体无障碍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Mobile\">移动端无障碍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting\">测验：无障碍疑难解答</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance\">性能——使网站快速响应</a></li><li><details><summary>性能指南</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance\">Web 性能</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/why_web_performance\">Web 性能的重要性</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/What_is_web_performance\">什么是 web 性能？</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Perceived_performance\">感知性能</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Measuring_performance\">测量性能</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/Multimedia\">多媒体：图片</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/video\">多媒体：视频</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/JavaScript\">JavaScript 性能优化</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/HTML\">HTML 性能优化</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/CSS\">CSS 性能优化</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Performance/business_case_for_performance\">web 性能的商业案例</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML\">MathML——使用 MathML 语言撰写数学表达式</a></li><li><details><summary>MathML 第一步</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps\">MathML 入门概述</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Getting_started\">MathML 使用入门</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Text_containers\">MathML 文本容器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Fractions_and_roots\">MathML 分数和根号</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Scripts\">MathML 附加符号</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Tables\">MathML 表格</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/MathML/First_steps/Three_famous_mathematical_formulas\">三个著名的数学公式</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/../Games\">游戏——开发 Web 游戏</a></li><li><details><summary>指南和基础教程</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Games/Introduction\">Web 游戏开发简介</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Games/Techniques\">游戏开发技术</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Games/Tutorials\">教程</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Games/Publishing_games\">发布游戏</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing\">工具与测试</a></li><li><details><summary>客户端 web 开发工具</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools\">理解客户端 web 开发工具</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Overview\">客户端工具概述</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Command_line\">命令行速成课</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Package_management\">软件包管理基础</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain\">介绍完整的工具链</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Understanding_client-side_tools/Deployment\">部署我们的应用</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>客户端框架介绍</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Introduction\">客户端框架介绍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Main_features\">框架的主要特性</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>React</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_getting_started\">React 入门</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_todo_list_beginning\">开始我们的 React 待办清单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_components\">组件化我们的 React App</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_interactivity_events_state\">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering\">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_accessibility\">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/React_resources\">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Ember</summary><ol><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_getting_started\">Getting started with Ember</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_structure_componentization\">Ember app structure and componentization</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_interactivity_events_state\">Ember interactivity: Events, classes and state</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_conditional_footer\">Ember Interactivity: Footer functionality, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_routing\">Routing in Ember</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Ember_resources\">Ember resources and troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Vue</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_getting_started\">开始使用 Vue</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_first_component\">创建第一个 Vue 组件</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_rendering_lists\">渲染 Vue 组件列表</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_methods_events_models\">使用 Vue event、method 和 model 添加一个新的 todo 表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_styling\">使用 CSS 为 Vue 组件添加样式</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_computed_properties\">Vue 中的计算属性</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_conditional_rendering\">Vue 中的条件渲染：编辑现有的待办事项</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_refs_focus_management\">使用 Vue 模板引用进行焦点管理</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Vue_resources\">Vue 资源</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Svelte</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_getting_started\">Svelte 入门</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_Todo_list_beginning\">开始编写我们的 Svelte 待办事项列表应用程序</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_variables_props\">Svelte 中的动态行为：变量和属性</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_components\">将我们的 Svelte 应用组件化</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_reactivity_lifecycle_accessibility\">Svelte 进阶：响应式、生命周期以及无障碍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_stores\">使用 Svelte store</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_TypeScript\">Svelte 对 TypeScript 的支持</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Svelte_deployment_next\">部署以及下一步</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Angular</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_getting_started\">Angular 入门</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_todo_list_beginning\">Beginning our Angular todo list app</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_styling\">Styling our Angular app</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_item_component\">Creating an item component</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_filtering\">Filtering our to-do items</a></li><li><a class=\"only-in-en-us\" title=\"此页面目前仅提供英文版本\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Client-side_JavaScript_frameworks/Angular_building\">Building Angular applications and further resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Git 和 GitHub</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/GitHub\">Git 和 GitHub</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>跨浏览器测试</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing\">跨浏览器测试</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Introduction\">跨浏览器测试介绍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Testing_strategies\">测试的策略</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/HTML_and_CSS\">处理常见的 HTML 和 CSS 问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/JavaScript\">处理常见的 JavaScript 问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Accessibility\">解决常见的无障碍问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Feature_detection\">实现特性检测</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Automated_testing\">自动化测试简介</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Tools_and_testing/Cross_browser_testing/Your_own_automation_environment\">搭建自己的自动化测试环境</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side\">服务端网页编程</a></li><li><details><summary>第一步</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps\">服务端网站编程的第一步</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction\">服务端编程介绍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview\">客户端服务端交互概述</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks\">服务端 web 框架</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security\">站点安全</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Django Web 框架（Python）</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django\">Django Web 框架 (python)</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Introduction\">Django 介绍</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/development_environment\">设置 Django 开发环境</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website\">Django Tutorial Part 2: 创建网站的地基</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Models\">Django Tutorial Part 3: 使用模型</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Admin_site\">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django 管理员站点</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Home_page\">Django 教程 5：主页构建</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Generic_views\">Django 教程 6: 通用列表和详细信息视图</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Sessions\">Django 教程 7: 会话框架</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Authentication\">Django 教程 8：用户授权与许可</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Forms\">Django 教程 9: 使用表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Testing\">Django 教程 10: 测试 Django 网页应用</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/Deployment\">Django 教程 11：部署 Django 到生产环境</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/web_application_security\">Django Web 应用安全</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog\">评估：DIY Django 微博客</a></li></ol></details></li><li><details><summary>Express Web 框架（Node.js/JavaScript）</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs\">Express Web 框架（Node.js/JavaScript）</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction\">Express/Node 入门</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment\">设置 Node 开发环境</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Express 教程：本地图书馆网站</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website\">Express 教程 2：创建站点框架</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose\">Express 教程 3：使用数据库 (Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes\">Express 教程 4：路由和控制器</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data\">Express 教程 5: 呈现图书馆数据</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms\">Express 教程 6: 使用表单</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment\">Express 教程 7: 部署到生产环境</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions\">更多资源</a></li><li><details><summary>常见问题</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions\">常见问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto\">使用 HTML 解决常见问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/CSS/Howto\">解决常见的 CSS 问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Howto\">解决 JavaSctript 代码的常见问题</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Web_mechanics\">Web 机制</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Tools_and_setup\">工具和安装</a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Common_questions/Design_and_accessibility\">设计与无障碍</a></li></ol></details></li></ol>","sidebarMacro":"LearnSidebar","body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<ul class=\"prev-next\">\n <li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> 上一页 </span></a></li>\n <li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> 概述：异步 JavaScript</span></a></li>\n \n</ul>\n<p>在本测验中，你将使用我们在<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises\">如何使用 Promise</a> 中学习的一些技术来更新页面，使它能够按顺序播放一系列动画。</p>\n<figure class=\"table-container\"><table>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">前置条件：</th>\n <td>基本的计算机知识，对 JavaScript 基础知识的一定了解，能够使用基于 Promise 的 API。</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">目标：</th>\n <td>测试使用基于 Promise 的 API 的能力。</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table></figure>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"起点","title":"起点","isH3":false,"content":"<p>创建一份 <a href=\"https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/tree/main/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/start\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/tree/main/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/start</a> 的本地副本。它包含下列文件：</p>\n<ul>\n <li>alice.svg</li>\n <li>index.html</li>\n <li>main.js</li>\n <li>style.css</li>\n</ul>\n<p>你需要编辑的唯一一个文件是“main.js”。</p>\n<p>如果你在浏览器中打开“index.html”，你会看到三张图片呈对角排列：</p>\n<p>\n <img src=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Sequencing_animations/sequencing-animations.png\" alt=\"序列动画测验页面的屏幕截图\" width=\"434\" height=\"434\" loading=\"lazy\">\n</p>\n<p>这些图像取自我们的 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Web_Animations_API/Using_the_Web_Animations_API\">Using the Web Animations API</a> 指南。</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"项目简介","title":"项目简介","isH3":false,"content":"<p>我们希望更新此页面，来将动画依次应用于所有三个图像。也就是说，当第一个动画完成时，我们开始第二个动画，当第二个完成时，我们开始第三个动画。</p>\n<p>要应用的动画已经在“main.js”中被定义：效果是旋转图像并缩小它至消失。</p>\n<p>请<a href=\"https://mdn.github.io/learning-area/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing-animations/finished/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">查看完成的示例</a>来更好地了解页面的预期工作方式。注意：动画只会执行一次，你需要重新加载页面来重新运行它们。</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"完成步骤","title":"完成步骤","isH3":false,"content":""}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"设置第一个图像的动画","title":"设置第一个图像的动画","isH3":true,"content":"<p>我们使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Web_Animations_API\">Web Animations API</a> 对图像进行动画处理，特别是 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element/animate\" title=\"element.animate()\"><code>element.animate()</code></a> 方法。</p>\n<p>更新“main.js”以添加对 <code>alice1.animate()</code> 的调用，就像这样：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>const aliceTumbling = [\n { transform: \"rotate(0) scale(1)\" },\n { transform: \"rotate(360deg) scale(0)\" },\n];\n\nconst aliceTiming = {\n duration: 2000,\n iterations: 1,\n fill: \"forwards\",\n};\n\nconst alice1 = document.querySelector(\"#alice1\");\nconst alice2 = document.querySelector(\"#alice2\");\nconst alice3 = document.querySelector(\"#alice3\");\n\nalice1.animate(aliceTumbling, aliceTiming);\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>重载页面，你应该就会看到第一个图像旋转收缩的动画。</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"设置所有图像的动画","title":"设置所有图像的动画","isH3":true,"content":"<p>接下来，我们希望在 <code>alice1</code> 完成时启动 <code>alice2</code> 的动画，在 <code>alice2</code> 完成时启动 <code>alice3</code> 的动画。</p>\n<p><code>animate()</code> 方法返回 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Animation\"><code>Animation</code></a> 对象。这个对象有一个 <code>finished</code> 属性，这是会在一个在动画播放结束时兑现（fulfilled）的 <code>Promise</code>。所以我们可以利用这个 Promise 获得开始下一个动画的时机。</p>\n<p>我们希望你尝试一些不同的方式来实现这个功能，以便于加强对使用 Promise 的不同方式的理解。</p>\n<ol>\n <li>\n <p>首先，实现一个能够工作的代码，但它存在“回调地狱”问题（我们在<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing#%E5%9B%9E%E8%B0%83\">关于回调的讨论</a>中提到过）的 Promise 版本。</p>\n </li>\n <li>\n <p>接下来，使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises#%E9%93%BE%E5%BC%8F%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8_promise\">Promise 链</a>来实现它。注意：可以用<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Functions#%E7%AE%AD%E5%A4%B4%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0\">箭头函数</a>的不同形式来编写这个函数。尝试这些不同的形式。哪个最简洁？哪个可读性最好？</p>\n </li>\n <li>\n <p>使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Promises#async_%E5%92%8C_await\"><code>async</code> 和 <code>await</code></a> 来实现它。</p>\n </li>\n</ol>\n<p>别忘了，<code>element.animate()</code> 并不返回一个 <code>Promise</code>：它返回一个 <code>Animation</code> 对象，该对象具有一个 <code>finished</code> 属性，这个属性才是 <code>Promise</code>。</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"评估或进一步的帮助","title":"评估或进一步的帮助","isH3":false,"content":"<p>如果你希望自己的作品被评估，或者遇到困难想寻求帮助：</p>\n<ol>\n <li>\n <p>将作品放入在线共享编辑器中，如 <a href=\"https://codepen.io/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">CodePen</a>，<a href=\"https://jsfiddle.net/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">jsFiddle</a>，或者 <a href=\"https://glitch.com/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">Glitch</a>。</p>\n </li>\n <li>\n <p>在 <a href=\"https://discourse.mozilla.org/c/mdn/learn/250\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">MDN 论坛学习分类</a>中写一篇文章寻求评估和/或帮助。你的文章应该包括：</p>\n <ul>\n <li>一个描述性的标题，如“请帮助评估测序动画”。</li>\n <li>详细说明你已经尝试过的方法，以及你希望我们做的事情，例如：你遇到困难需要帮助，或者你完成了作品，需要评估。</li>\n <li>一个指向你的作品的链接（托管在在线共享编辑器中，如步骤 1 所述），这是一个很好的实践ーー如果你看不到他们的代码，就很难帮助有编码问题的人。</li>\n <li>指向实际任务或评估页面的链接，这样我们就可以找到你需要帮助的问题。</li>\n </ul>\n </li>\n</ol><ul class=\"prev-next\">\n <li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Introducing_workers\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> 上一页 </span></a></li>\n <li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> 概述：异步 JavaScript</span></a></li>\n \n</ul>"}}],"toc":[{"text":"起点","id":"起点"},{"text":"项目简介","id":"项目简介"},{"text":"完成步骤","id":"完成步骤"},{"text":"评估或进一步的帮助","id":"评估或进一步的帮助"}],"summary":"在本测验中，你将使用我们在如何使用 Promise 中学习的一些技术来更新页面，使它能够按顺序播放一系列动画。","popularity":0,"modified":"2023-07-24T13:03:40.000Z","other_translations":[{"locale":"de","title":"Sequenzierung von Animationen","native":"Deutsch"},{"locale":"en-US","title":"Sequencing animations","native":"English (US)"},{"locale":"ja","title":"アニメーションを順番に再生する","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"Sequencing animations","native":"한국어"}],"pageType":"unknown","source":{"folder":"zh-cn/learn/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing_animations","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content/blob/main/files/zh-cn/learn/javascript/asynchronous/sequencing_animations/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content/commit/956130b458b830f840d455226699c83d65c9e878","filename":"index.md"},"short_title":"序列动画","parents":[{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Learn","title":"学习 Web 开发"},{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript","title":"JavaScript——动态客户端脚本语言"},{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous","title":"异步 JavaScript"},{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Sequencing_animations","title":"序列动画"}],"pageTitle":"序列动画 - 学习 Web 开发 | MDN","noIndexing":false}}</script></body></html>