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<li id="toc-Downfall_of_Kun_Khmer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Downfall_of_Kun_Khmer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Downfall of Kun Khmer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Downfall_of_Kun_Khmer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revival_of_Kun_Khmer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revival_of_Kun_Khmer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Revival of Kun Khmer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revival_of_Kun_Khmer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Recovery_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Recovery_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Post-Recovery Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Recovery_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attempt_to_unite_regional_boxing_styles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attempt_to_unite_regional_boxing_styles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Attempt to unite regional boxing styles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attempt_to_unite_regional_boxing_styles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_as_a_boxer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_as_a_boxer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Life as a boxer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_as_a_boxer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Khmer_Boxing_Federation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Khmer_Boxing_Federation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Khmer Boxing Federation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Khmer_Boxing_Federation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_risk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_risk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Health risk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_risk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rules_and_match_setup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rules_and_match_setup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rules and match setup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rules_and_match_setup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Promoters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Promoters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Promoters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Promoters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Kun_Khmer_boxers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Kun_Khmer_boxers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable Kun Khmer boxers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Kun_Khmer_boxers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_Serey" title="Pradal Serey – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pradal Serey" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_Serey" title="Pradal Serey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pradal Serey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prodal" title="Prodal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prodal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="پرادال سری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرادال سری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxe_cambodgienne" title="Boxe cambodgienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boxe cambodgienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_Serey" title="Pradal Serey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pradal Serey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4" title="プラダル・セレイ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プラダル・セレイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9A" title="គុនខ្មែរ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គុនខ្មែរ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_Serey" title="Pradal Serey – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pradal Serey" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_serey" title="Pradal serey – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pradal serey" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_serey" title="Pradal serey – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pradal serey" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3" title="กุนเขมร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กุนเขมร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradal_Serey" title="Pradal Serey – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pradal Serey" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Kun Khmer<br />គុនខ្មែរ</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg/220px-Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg/330px-Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg/440px-Kneestrike_kun_khmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1267" data-file-height="793" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data">Pradal, <br />Pradal Kun Khmer, <br />Pradal Serey, <br />Khmer Boxing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Strike_(attack)" title="Strike (attack)">Striking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">clinching</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Hardness</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Full-contact" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-contact">Full-contact</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia"><img alt="Cambodia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Famous practitioners</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keo_Rumchong" title="Keo Rumchong">Keo Rumchong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thun_Sophea" title="Thun Sophea">Thun Sophea</a>, Chea Sarak, Oumry Ban, Vorn Viva, Meas Chantha, Thoeun Theara</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parenthood</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a><sup id="cite_ref-Antonio_Graceffo_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antonio_Graceffo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Olympic sport</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kun Khmer</b> (<a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>: <span lang="km">គុនខ្មែរ</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="km-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">[kun<span class="wrap"> </span>kʰmae]</a></span> <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Khmer Martial Art</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), or <b>Pradal Serey</b> (<a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>: <span lang="km">ប្រដាល់សេរី</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="km-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">[prɑɗal<span class="wrap"> </span>seːrəj]</a></span> <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Free Boxing</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), is a <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sport</a> that originated in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sport consists of stand up striking and <a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">clinch fighting</a>, where the objective is to knock an opponent out, force a <a href="/wiki/Technical_knockout" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical knockout">technical knockout</a>, or win a match by points. The sport was codified in Cambodia by the <a href="/wiki/French_protectorate_of_Cambodia" title="French protectorate of Cambodia">French colonial administration</a> in the early 20th century, and was derived from centuries-old traditions, namely <a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a>, the close-quarter combat system used during the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer empire">Khmer empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-san_kim_sean_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-san_kim_sean-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official Khmer name of the sport is <b>Kbach Kun Pradal Khmer</b> (<a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>: <span lang="km">ក្បាច់គុនប្រដាល់ខ្មែរ</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="km-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">[kʰɓac<span class="wrap"> </span>kun<span class="wrap"> </span>prɑɗal<span class="wrap"> </span>kʰmae]</a></span> <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Khmer Martial Art of Boxing</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-leisurecambodia.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leisurecambodia.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kun Khmer consists of four types of strikes: punches, kicks, elbows, and knee strikes.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The clinch is used to wear down the opponent. In the clinch, opponents battle for the dominant position for short range strikes by way of elbows and knees. Kun Khmer is most well-known for its kicking and elbows technique. The roundhouse kick generates power from hip rotation rather than snapping the leg. The front kick is called sniet theak trang(straight push kick technique) or chrot eysei(hermit's crutch). The push kick is considered easy and simple to use in fights. The push kick can be used on areas that are not carefully guarded by the opponent. The push kick can be delivered by the ball of the foot or the heel of the foot. The push kick can be used to attack below the waist, the chest and the middle of the face.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cambodian fighters tend to utilize more elbow strikes than that of other martial arts in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Kun Khmer, more victories come by way of an elbow technique than any other strikes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_(28267735798).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg/425px-Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="425" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg/638px-Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg/850px-Khmer_Empire_map_-_Beyond_Angkor_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2828267735798%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1850" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Empire" title="Khmer Empire">Khmer Empire</a> (802–1431 AD), where Kun Khmer traces its origin.</figcaption></figure><p> Kun Khmer developed from the ancient Khmer martial arts, now commonly referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a></i>. Dating back to the 1st century AD,<sup id="cite_ref-ich.unesco.org_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ich.unesco.org-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the martial arts in Cambodia are deeply rooted in the country's history, and are depicted in the various <a href="/wiki/Bas-reliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-reliefs">bas-reliefs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer empire">Angkor period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Um Yurann, the deputy director of the Cambodian Boxing Federation, highlights the bas-reliefs found on the ancient walls of the Angkor temples, dating from the ninth to the twelfth century, as evidence that Cambodians have been engaged in the sport for hundreds of years.<sup id="cite_ref-kpk_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeologist Phoeung Dara has noted that several bas-relief sculptures depicting Cambodian martial arts are associated with Kun Khmer. These artistic representations are located in various temples, including <a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ta_Prohm" title="Ta Prohm">Ta Prohm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banteay_Samre" class="mw-redirect" title="Banteay Samre">Banteay Samre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Preah_Khan" title="Preah Khan">Preah Khan</a>, and Prei Temples.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg/150px-Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg/225px-Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg/300px-Kneestrike_clinching_TaProhm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption>Carving from the <a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">12th century</a> <a href="/wiki/Ta_Prohm" title="Ta Prohm">Ta Prohm</a> temple depicting two men <a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">clinch fighting</a> and a knee strike.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the early 20th century, the local martial traditions were codified by the <a href="/wiki/French_protectorate_of_Cambodia" title="French protectorate of Cambodia">French administration</a>, giving birth to <i>Pradal Serey,</i> now more widely known as <i>Kun Khmer</i>. Boxing matches were originally fought in dirt pits with limited rules, while hands were wrapped in rope.<sup id="cite_ref-san_kim_sean_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-san_kim_sean-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1920 to 1930, it was common for boxing matches to result in deaths. Fighters in <a href="/wiki/Battambang_province" title="Battambang province">Battambang province</a>, during the early 20th century, utilized glove-like knuckle dusters made from shells to inflict injuries on their opponents in kickboxing matches. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Pel Yat, an elderly villager from Battambang, as documented in a 1974 publication regarding the social history of the province, “Boxers fought until death. During the bout, a stretcher to carry out the dead was brought in; it was kept there in case a boxer died. The winner received a prize from the committee.” Chhit Sarim, a kickboxer instructor from <a href="/wiki/Siem_Reap" title="Siem Reap">Siem Reap</a>, described tournaments around his village from the first half of the last century, "Coffins were placed near the ring ready for the possibility of a dead loser. The boxers did not use gloves to protect from injury, they just wrapped silk thread around their fists. On their arms they tied katei - magical plants wrapped in red pieces of cloth that would cause their opponent to see multiple images of their body in the ring. They were great boxers."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to avoid the fatal casualties, the French set up a series of rules that combined <a href="/wiki/Western_boxing" class="mw-redirect" title="Western boxing">Western boxing</a> with Khmer boxing. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg/220px-OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg/330px-OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg/440px-OldFrenchIndoChina_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1270" /></a><figcaption>Map showing Zone D'Influence Francais(French Sphere of Influence)</figcaption></figure><p> France organized its own athletes to face off against Cambodian athletes. Recognizing the impressive capabilities of Khmer martial arts, particularly in the use of elbows, knees, fists, and other lethal techniques, including those that could result in neck injuries, the French administration introduced a modified version of boxing. This new sport mandated that all participants wear gloves, imposed time limits on matches, instituted rest periods, and prohibited certain techniques to mitigate risks to life. The intention behind this French initiative was to restrict the abilities of Khmer competitors while providing an opportunity for French athletes familiar with Khmer martial arts to secure victories in the contests. Subsequently, this definition evolved into the established rules of the game, leading to its recognition as a popular sport. Freestyle boxing(pradal serey) represents a fusion of the universal sport of boxing, rooted in European tradition, and the traditional martial arts of the Khmer culture. Through an agreement between French and Cambodian working groups, specific regulations were implemented, including prohibitions on additional time for falls, neck strikes, the use of protective gear, and other lethal techniques. This sport gained popularity during the French colonial period and subsequently spread to Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, and various other nations under the <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire#Asia_2" title="French colonial empire">French sphere of influence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The introduction of <a href="/wiki/Boxing_rings" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing rings">boxing rings</a>, rounds, and <a href="/wiki/Boxing_glove" title="Boxing glove">gloves</a>, as well as the prohibition of life-threatening techniques, transformed the local martial arts into a sport. With those new sets of rules, French and Khmer boxers would compete against each other in tournaments.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s, Cambodian boxing promoters held inter-martial arts <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_game" title="Exhibition game">exhibitions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Downfall_of_Kun_Khmer">Downfall of Kun Khmer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Downfall of Kun Khmer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the chaos of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, Cambodia was undergoing its own <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Civil_War" title="Cambodian Civil War">civil war</a>. On April 17, 1975, the <a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoist</a> <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communist</a> rebels, the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge" title="Khmer Rouge">Khmer Rouge</a> under the orders of <a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a>, overthrew the government of the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Republic" title="Khmer Republic">Khmer Republic</a> then-led by <a href="/wiki/Lon_Nol" title="Lon Nol">Lon Nol</a>. The Khmer Rouge's plan was to eliminate modern society, and create an <a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">agrarian</a> utopia.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Khmer Rouge executed educated people, others who had ties to the old government, or anyone who was believed to be “advantaged” by the old society (doctors, teachers, soldiers, actors, singers, boxers, etc.), and forced the remaining Khmer population into <a href="/wiki/Labor_camp" title="Labor camp">labor camps</a>—in which hundreds of thousands died in executions, <a href="/wiki/Starvation" title="Starvation">starvation</a> and diseases—to be re-educated under the new government. Traditional <a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">martial arts</a> were banned at this time, and many boxers were executed or worked to death, which nearly caused the demise of Kun Khmer. An estimated 1.7 million Cambodians, or 21% of the population, died during the Khmer Rouge regime, according to the studies of the Cambodia Genocide Program of <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This despotic subjugation lasted for four years until 1979, when the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodian-Vietnamese_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian-Vietnamese war">invaded and overthrew</a> the Khmer Rouge. During the relative stability with the Vietnamese’s protection and after the departure of the Vietnamese, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Cambodia">Kingdom of Cambodia</a>, reestablished the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Cambodia">Kingdom of Cambodia</a>, and the countries traditional arts were attempted to be revived, including Kun Khmer.<sup id="cite_ref-km_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-km-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg/220px-Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg/330px-Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg/440px-Kun_Khmer_Boxing_1970s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1079" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption>Kun Khmer match at the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Phnom_Penh)" title="Olympic Stadium (Phnom Penh)">Olympic Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a> in the early 1970s</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival_of_Kun_Khmer">Revival of Kun Khmer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revival of Kun Khmer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kun Khmer made a strong comeback since its prohibition in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chhith Sarim, a coach in the sport of Khmer kickboxing, expressed regret over Cambodia's loss of prominence in the kickboxing arena during periods of conflict. Despite this setback, he remains resolute in his efforts to restore the country's standing in the sport.<sup id="cite_ref-kpk_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cambodia has made an effort to popularise its style of boxing, despite the lack of financial funding. Numerous gyms have opened, and large masses of students, local and foreign, have come to train in Cambodia. There are weekly matches held, the majority televised live, and many of Cambodia's best have traveled internationally to compete. There are currently approximately 70 boxing clubs nationwide.<sup id="cite_ref-kpk_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, one of the first Kun Khmer schools abroad opened in the United States. It was started by a former national champion by the name of Oumry Ban in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodia Town">Cambodia Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kun Khmer is administered in Cambodia by the Cambodian Boxing Federation (CBF), formerly the Cambodian Amateur Boxing Federation (CABF), which was established in 1961. All referees, judges, and fighters must be licensed by the CABF. Television stations which hold Khmer boxing tournaments do so under the supervision of the CBF. The individual stations are responsible for organizing boxers, trainers, medical staff, and musicians. The CBF supplies the match referees, judges, and time-keepers. The current president of the CBF is Major-General Tem Moeun.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:532px;max-width:532px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:285px;max-width:285px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:154px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knee5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Knee5.jpg/283px-Knee5.jpg" decoding="async" width="283" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Knee5.jpg/425px-Knee5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Knee5.jpg/566px-Knee5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="425" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">900 year old bas-relief of knee attack to the head. Located at <a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a> (<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>).</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:243px;max-width:243px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:154px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pradalknee5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pradalknee5.jpg/241px-Pradalknee5.jpg" decoding="async" width="241" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pradalknee5.jpg/362px-Pradalknee5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pradalknee5.jpg/482px-Pradalknee5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="885" data-file-height="566" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Kun Khmer martial artists practicing knee techniques in modern-day.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Abroad, Cambodian boxing is promoted by four organizations. These organizations include: the European Khmer Boxing Federation, based in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>; the Fédération des Arts Martiaux Khmers (FAMK), based in France; the Ánh Binh Minh Khmer Martial Arts Association, located in Vietnam; and Kun Khmer Australia, based in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. Other newly created organizations can be found in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> is in the process of forming its own Khmer boxing organization.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/ISKA_(sports_governing_body)" title="ISKA (sports governing body)">International Sport Kickboxing Association</a> (ISKA), based in the United Kingdom, has held matches involving Cambodian boxers. Additionally, Khmer boxers have fought abroad in countries such as South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been concerns about the <a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Cambodia" title="Gambling in Cambodia">betting</a> and rowdiness among Kun Khmer fans.<sup id="cite_ref-km_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-km-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commenting on how the behavior of boxing audiences has noticeably worsened over the years, Cambodian trainer Chiit Sarim has remarked, “I traveled from pagoda to pagoda to box at competitions during the water festival. <a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">Pagodas</a> were the traditional venue for boxing matches... They [the current fans] act inappropriately. They raise up their hands and scream noisily. They gamble and do not respect the boxers. They think of only winning their bet. During my time, there was no such thing. Fights were organized nicely and were very popular. Now, fans have no morality.” </p><p>Tournaments are screened live on national television. TV5 Cambodia holds live tournaments on Friday and Sunday, <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Television_Network" title="Cambodian Television Network">CTN</a> holds live tournaments on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bayon_Television" title="Bayon Television">Bayon Television</a> holds live kickboxing tournaments on Saturday and Sunday,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Media_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Cambodia">TV3</a> holds a single tournament on Sunday, and <a href="/wiki/Media_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Cambodia">Apsara TV</a> has added a single tournament on Thursday. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:189px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg/238px-Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg/357px-Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg/476px-Bas_Relief_at_Banteay_CHhmar_templeBanteayChhmar2_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="435" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Khmer soldier uses a thrust kick on a <a href="/wiki/Chams" title="Chams">Cham</a> soldier in a bas-relief from <a href="/wiki/Banteay_Chhmar" title="Banteay Chhmar">Banteay Chhmar</a> temple (12th/13th century).</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:238px;max-width:238px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:189px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tekt2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Tekt2.png/236px-Tekt2.png" decoding="async" width="236" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Tekt2.png/354px-Tekt2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Tekt2.png/472px-Tekt2.png 2x" data-file-width="934" data-file-height="748" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Thrust kick in a modern Kun Khmer match.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Recently, travel journalists and tourists have exposed Kun Khmer to the western world. Features in television programs have further popularized the martial art amongst global viewers; Kun Khmer was featured on <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (U.S. TV channel)">The History Channel</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Weapon" title="Human Weapon">Human Weapon</a>,</i> and was also mentioned on the Cambodian episode of <a href="/wiki/Globetrekker" class="mw-redirect" title="Globetrekker">Globetrekker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2009, American footballer <a href="/wiki/Dhani_Jones" title="Dhani Jones">Dhani Jones</a> filmed an episode of his series <a href="/wiki/Dhani_Tackles_the_Globe" title="Dhani Tackles the Globe">Dhani Tackles the Globe</a> in <a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a>, training with Long Salavorn at the Salavorn Keila club, and subsequently fighting Pan Phanith at the CTN arena.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Songchai Ratanasuban, the number-one promoter in Thailand, brought his S1 Promotion to <a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a> in June 2005. In the Cambodian S1 World Championship, Bun Sothea won the tournament. He defeated Michael Paszowski, <a href="/wiki/Dzhabar_Askerov" title="Dzhabar Askerov">Dzhabar Askerov</a>, and Lor Samnang in front of 30,000 people at the Phnom Penh National Olympic Stadium. </p><p>In 2008, the Cambodian Television Network (CTN) screened a Kun Khmer reality television series called <i>Kun Khmer Champion</i>. The show featured 65 kilogramme (143.3 lbs.) boxers, and was produced by Ma Serey and Aaron Leverton, and co-hosted by Ma Serey and Cambodia's most famous kickboxer, <a href="/wiki/Eh_Phouthong" title="Eh Phouthong">Eh Phouthong</a>. The first series was followed by a second in 20097 and a third in 2010, both co-hosted by Vorn Viva. </p><p>On August 28, 2008, Cambodian boxers Vorn Viva and Meas Chantha won the <a href="/wiki/ISKA" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKA">ISKA</a> <a href="/wiki/Middleweight" title="Middleweight">Middleweight</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welterweight" title="Welterweight">Welterweight</a> world titles in Phnom Penh. It was the first time a Cambodian had held a kickboxing world title.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Prime Minister Hun Sen created a committee responsible for documenting and researching the sport of Khmer kickboxing in order to have it included on <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>'s intangible cultural heritage list.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 19-member committee included Culture Minister <a href="/wiki/Him_Chhem" title="Him Chhem">Him Chhem</a>, the boxing federation, Council of Minister officials, and other officials from other government ministries. </p><p>In 2011, there were 1,000 registered boxers from 78 martial arts schools. </p><p>As of 2012, there are over 50 Kun Khmer fights held every week in the Phnom Penh region.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Recovery_Era">Post-Recovery Era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-Recovery Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building;_Lowell,_MA;_2011-09-03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG/220px-Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG/330px-Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG/440px-Kun_Khmer_Federation_Kickboxing_building%3B_Lowell%2C_MA%3B_2011-09-03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>Kun Khmer Federation Kickboxing building; <a href="/wiki/Lowell,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowell, MA">Lowell, MA</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">USA</a>. </figcaption></figure> <p>A well-known promoter stated 2020 would be an important year for development of the sport. Promoter, Matias Andres, via the Riel Team was focused on putting the sport in an international context instead of just focusing on the local scene.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Town Full HDTV brought MAS Fight, a global professional martial arts organization, to Cambodia. It was welcomed as a programme to help promote Kun Khmer internationally.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, the International Professional Combat Council (IPCC) held their first sanctioned Kun Khmer event in <a href="/wiki/Kampong_Speu_province" title="Kampong Speu province">Kampong Speu province</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the BKK (Bare Knuckle Kombat) Championship held their first Kun Khmer event.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, a Kun Khmer event called “Ganzberg Kun Khmer to the World Class” was the first Kun Khmer event to take place in South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Kun Khmer had a historic first-ever event called International Cambodian Kun Khmer Championship on the Greek island of <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> in <a href="/wiki/Heraklion" title="Heraklion">Heraklion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Chinese martial arts organization, <a href="/wiki/Kunlun_Fight" title="Kunlun Fight">Kunlun Fight</a>, held a Kun Khmer and kickboxing event in Cambodia called <a href="/wiki/2024_in_Kunlun_Fight#Kunlun_Fight_&_Cicada_FC" title="2024 in Kunlun Fight">Kunlun Fight & Cicada FC</a>. </p><p>The 5th Kun Khmer World Championship were held in Siem Reap. The top 5 medal countries were Cambodia(first place), <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>(second place), <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>(third place), <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>(fourth place) and <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>(fifth place).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 6th World Kun Khmer Championship is scheduled to be hosted in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> in 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attempt_to_unite_regional_boxing_styles">Attempt to unite regional boxing styles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Attempt to unite regional boxing styles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nearby Southeast Asian countries have similar styles of boxing martial arts. At an <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a> meeting in 1995, Cambodia suggested that the Thai boxing style, <a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a>, be referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Suvarnabhumi" title="Suvarnabhumi">Sovannaphum</a> boxing," or "SEA Boxing," which would collectively represent Thailand, Cambodia, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>. <i>Sovannaphum</i> means "golden land" in <a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>, and is written as <i>Suwannabhumi</i> in <a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>. The name refers to mainland Southeast Asia in the ancient Indian language of <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">Pali</a>. </p><p>However, Thailand would not compromise, stating that each Southeast Asian country has its own boxing style, and that Thailand was responsible for making its boxing style an international sport. When it debuted at the <a href="/wiki/2005_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Southeast Asian Games">2005 Southeast Asian Games</a>, Cambodia did not enter the Muay Thai event in protest of the name used to refer to the sport.<sup id="cite_ref-boycott_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boycott-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At subsequent Southeast Asian Games, Southeast Asian boxing has been known by the ethnically neutral term "muay," with the exception of the <a href="/wiki/2009_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 Southeast Asian Games">2009 Southeast Asian Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a>, when the sport was called <a href="/wiki/Muay_Lao" title="Muay Lao">Muay Lao</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision did not spark any controversy or negative reaction from Thailand or Cambodia at that time. </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/2023_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Southeast Asian Games">2023 Southeast Asian Games</a>, held in Cambodia, the event was called Kun Khmer instead of Muay Thai, which led to a boycott by Thailand. In response, Cambodia said it would retaliate by not sending boxers to the 2025 games in Thailand. The Secretary-general of the Cambodian Southeast Asian Games Organising Committee, Vath Chamroeun, asserted, “We are the host country, so we have the right to change it to Kun Khmer, as the sport has its origin in Khmer, and it is our culture.”<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen addressed the issue by proposing, “When competing in Cambodia, we call it Kun Khmer; when competing in Thailand, we call it Muay Thai; when competing in Laos, we call it Muay Lao; and in Myanmar, we call it the name of their original martial arts. Can we find a compromise?”<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen has suggested that Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand jointly apply for UNESCO status for traditional martial arts.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, <a href="/wiki/Muay_Lao" title="Muay Lao">Muay Lao Federation</a>’s President, Saysamone Sayasone, supported the renaming, and concurred that the sport originated indeed in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>. However, amidst severe backlash from Thailand, he was compelled to apologise for his statements.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Muaythai_Associations" title="International Federation of Muaythai Associations">International Federation of Muaythai Associations</a> (IFMA) threatened six member-countries from Southeast Asia—Malaysia, Vietnam, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">the Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, Thailand, and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>—with a two-year ban on any IFMA competitions and activities, should they join the competition.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, only Thai athletes boycotted the competition.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_as_a_boxer">Life as a boxer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Life as a boxer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kun Khmer is an athletic sport that relies on agility, toughness, and flexibility.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most participants are young adults due to the physical conditioning that a boxer must endure to keep their body in shape. The average age ranges from 14 to 25. Most Cambodian boxers come from impoverished backgrounds, and compete to earn money to feed their families and themselves. Top kickboxers can have as many as 200–300 fights in their careers.<sup id="cite_ref-il_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-il-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CambodiaMartialArts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CambodiaMartialArts.jpg/220px-CambodiaMartialArts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CambodiaMartialArts.jpg/330px-CambodiaMartialArts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CambodiaMartialArts.jpg/440px-CambodiaMartialArts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1683" data-file-height="796" /></a><figcaption>Clinching is a part of every Kun Khmer match.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cambodian boxers were traditionally paid by the crowd. If the crowd appreciated the boxer's efforts, they would reward him with food, alcohol, and cash. This practice still continues today, but in line with western practices, bouts pay official fees. Until recently, the average purse for a fight was US$15. Today, purses are based on experience. A new Cambodian boxer can earn US$25 per fight, while more experienced kickboxers with more than a dozen fights can earn up to $75. "Brand name" kickboxers can earn over $100 a fight. Special purse fights will pay up to $250, with the purse contributed by a corporate sponsor. "International" tournaments, organised by the broadcasters, will pay individual purses of up to $1000, sometimes higher.<sup id="cite_ref-il_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-il-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An estimated 70% of boxers in the Phnom Penh circuit come from the rural northwest. The provinces of <a href="/wiki/Battambang_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Battambang Province">Battambang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banteay_Meanchey" class="mw-redirect" title="Banteay Meanchey">Banteay Meanchey</a> produce a steady supply of boxers.<sup id="cite_ref-english.cambodiadaily.com_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english.cambodiadaily.com-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the best Kun Khmer champions come from the <a href="/wiki/Battambang_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Battambang Province">Battambang Province</a>, although a number of big name stars have come via Southern Cambodia, such as Eh Phouthong from <a href="/wiki/Koh_Kong_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Koh Kong Province">Koh Kong Province</a>, Thun Sophea from <a href="/wiki/Svay_Rieng_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Svay Rieng Province">Svay Rieng Province</a>, and Meas Chantha and Seng Makara from <a href="/wiki/Kandal_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandal Province">Kandal Province</a>. Cambodian boxers train in a gym under a Kun Khmer <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">kru</a>. The grandmasters that are responsible for preserving traditions are known as <a href="/wiki/Achar_(Buddhism)" title="Achar (Buddhism)">achar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many boxers train 6–8 hours a day and 7 days a week. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Khmer_Boxing_Federation">Khmer Boxing Federation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Khmer Boxing Federation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Khmer boxing federation was reestablished in 1996. It has had four presidents. Khov Chhay is the current president after the resignation of Tem Meun in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1. Prum Pich: first term, (1996-2000) </p><p>2. Um Yurann: second term (2000-2004), third term (2004-2008) </p><p>3. Tem Meun: fourth term(2008-2012), fifth term(2012-2016), sixth term(2016-2021), seventh term (2021-2025) </p><p>4. Khov Chhay: Continuation of 7th term (2024-2025) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_risk">Health risk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Health risk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As with all contact sports, health risks are a factor. According to Chhoeung Yavyen, a ringside doctor for the Cambodian Amateur Boxing Association, in the past five years, 30 kickboxers have sustained serious injury in the ring, including broken wrists, arms, shins, noses, and jaws, in addition to dislodged shoulders and hip injuries. One Cambodian boxer died in the ring in Svay Rieng Province in 2001, but that death was the result of a heart attack, probably brought on by diet pills consumed to help the boxer reduce his weight before the bout. Most of the injuries suffered are curable and don't leave lasting problems. Most boxers are allowed to return to the ring after receiving treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rules_and_match_setup">Rules and match setup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rules and match setup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Angkor,_Angkor_Wat,_Brama_Angkor_Wat_(12).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg/200px-2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg/300px-2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg/400px-2016_Angkor%2C_Angkor_Wat%2C_Brama_Angkor_Wat_%2812%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4846" data-file-height="3231" /></a><figcaption>A warrior kneeling for a praying ritual known as tvay kru or kun kru. This ritual is used before fighting.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header">Music of Kun Khmer</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Khmermusicboxing.wav" title="File:Khmermusicboxing.wav">Pleang Pradal</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="33" data-mwtitle="Khmermusicboxing.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/Khmermusicboxing.wav/Khmermusicboxing.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/Khmermusicboxing.wav/Khmermusicboxing.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Khmermusicboxing.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Traditional Khmer music that is played before a Kun Khmer match</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>A match consists of five three-minute rounds and takes place in a 6.1 meter square <a href="/wiki/Boxing_ring" title="Boxing ring">boxing ring</a>. A one-and-a-half or two-minute break occurs between each round. In olden times, ancient Khmer people would do praying rituals before going to the battlefield or war. <sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of each match the boxers practice the praying rituals known as the kun kru or thvayobangkoum krou. There are different variations of the thvayobangkoum krou ritual with different names such as "<a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> ties the bridge to <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 17 different variations of the ritual. Most are based on the main characters of the <a href="/wiki/Reamker" title="Reamker">Reamker</a> story and believe to have occurred when Cambodia had a strong belief in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pre-competition teacher offering ritual also serves to warm the muscle and increase blood flow.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The praying ritual at the preliminaries of the boxing match is considered a real dance.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditional <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian music">Cambodian music</a> performed with the instruments of the <i><a href="/wiki/Sampho" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampho">sampho</a></i> (a type of drum), the <a href="/wiki/Sralai" title="Sralai">sralai</a> klang khek (oboe) and the <a href="/wiki/Ching_(musical_instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ching (musical instrument)">chhing</a> is played during the match. The music of Khmer boxing is called vung phleng pradall or vung phleng klang khek. The music is made up of two sections. The first section is for the boxer's teachers while the second section is the fight music.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first part uses a spirit(teacher) to help the boxers concentrate their minds and have confidence. The first part of the music is played slowly in a <a href="/wiki/Rubato" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubato">rubato</a> style. The melody is played by the <a href="/wiki/Sralai" title="Sralai">sralai</a>(<a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Sampho" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampho">sampho</a>(drum) plays strokes at important points of the melody. The second part which is the fight music is played much faster and in meter. The music accelerates with the progression of the round. It stops at the end of the round or when someone is knocked out. When the fight is exciting, the audience claps in rhythm with the beat of the <a href="/wiki/Sampho" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampho">sampho</a>(drum). <sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern boxers wear leather gloves and nylon shorts.<sup id="cite_ref-mv_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mv-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rules: </p> <ol><li>A boxer is not allowed to strike his opponent while he is on the ground.</li> <li>A boxer is not allowed to bite.</li> <li>When an opponent cannot continue, the referee stops the fight.</li> <li>Blows to the back of the opponent are not allowed.</li> <li>A boxer may not hold on to the ropes.</li> <li>Blows to the genitals are prohibited.</li></ol> <p>Victory can be obtained by knockout. A knockout occurs when a boxer is knocked down to the ground and cannot continue fighting after a 10-second count by the referee, a referee may forgo the count and declare a knockout if it is obvious the boxer will not regain his feet unaided. Victory can be obtained at the end of the match when judges decide by a point system which fighter was more effective. If fighters end up with the same score a draw is called.<sup id="cite_ref-mv_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mv-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Promoters">Promoters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Promoters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Television_Network" title="Cambodian Television Network">Cambodian Television Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayon_Television" title="Bayon Television">Bayon Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV5_Cambodia" title="TV5 Cambodia">TV5 Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Television_of_Cambodia" title="National Television of Cambodia">National Television of Cambodia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Kun_Khmer_boxers">Notable Kun Khmer boxers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notable Kun Khmer boxers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eh_Phouthong" title="Eh Phouthong">Eh Phouthong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eh_Amarin_Phouthong" title="Eh Amarin Phouthong">Eh Amarin Phouthong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thun_Sophea" title="Thun Sophea">Thun Sophea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorn_Panha" title="Lorn Panha">Lorn Panha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pich_Sophann" title="Pich Sophann">Pich Sophann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pich_Sambath" title="Pich Sambath">Pich Sambath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keo_Rumchong" title="Keo Rumchong">Keo Rumchong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prom_Samnang" title="Prom Samnang">Prom Samnang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_Chetra" title="Lao Chetra">Lao Chetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_Chantrea" title="Lao Chantrea">Lao Chantrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phal_Sophorn" title="Phal Sophorn">Phal Sophorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhut_Serey_Vannthong" title="Chhut Serey Vannthong">Chhut Serey Vannthong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhoeung_Lvai" title="Chhoeung Lvai">Chhoeung Lvai</a></li> <li>Chey Kosal</li> <li>Bird Kham</li> <li>Lerk Vibol</li> <li>Vorn Viva</li> <li>Noun Phirum</li> <li>Khim Dima</li> <li>Chit Sarim</li> <li>Chea Sarak</li> <li>Bun Sothea: Two time Kubota Champion(54 kg and 60 kg). Student of Thun Sophea.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Oumry Ban: Former Kun Khmer Champion to held the first national title in 1964 at 61 kilograms and current owner of Long Beach Kickboxing Center<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sen Rady</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Thrust kick to the quadriceps. Located at Banteay Chhma temple(12th/13th century)"><img alt="Thrust kick to the quadriceps. Located at Banteay Chhma temple(12th/13th century)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png/120px-Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png/180px-Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png/240px-Banteaychhma_pradalserey.png 2x" data-file-width="459" data-file-height="448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thrust kick to the quadriceps. Located at <a href="/wiki/Banteay_Chhmar" title="Banteay Chhmar">Banteay Chhma</a> temple(12th/13th century)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khmer_martial_arts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thrust Kick"><img alt="Thrust Kick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Khmer_martial_arts.jpg/120px-Khmer_martial_arts.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Khmer_martial_arts.jpg/180px-Khmer_martial_arts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Khmer_martial_arts.jpg/240px-Khmer_martial_arts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="986" data-file-height="814" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thrust Kick</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="High thrust kick to shoulder and elbow attack to the head. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="High thrust kick to shoulder and elbow attack to the head. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg/113px-Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg/169px-Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg/225px-Kunkhmer_tekt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="1072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">High thrust kick to shoulder and elbow attack to the head. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Front_kick.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Front kick to the torso"><img alt="Front kick to the torso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Front_kick.jpg/120px-Front_kick.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Front_kick.jpg/180px-Front_kick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Front_kick.jpg/240px-Front_kick.jpg 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="739" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Front kick to the torso</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="High kick demonstration. Located at Bayon temple"><img alt="High kick demonstration. Located at Bayon temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg/120px-%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg/180px-%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg/240px-%22gup_jarn%22_high_roundhouse_kick.jpg 2x" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="615" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">High kick demonstration. Located at <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a> temple</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Highkickpradal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="High kick and a dodge in Khmer boxing match"><img alt="High kick and a dodge in Khmer boxing match" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Highkickpradal.jpg/120px-Highkickpradal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Highkickpradal.jpg/180px-Highkickpradal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Highkickpradal.jpg/240px-Highkickpradal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="591" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">High kick and a dodge in Khmer boxing match</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_(9730951850).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bas-relief of push kick and leg catch at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Bas-relief of push kick and leg catch at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg/120px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg/180px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg/240px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_%289730951850%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Bas-relief of push kick and leg catch at Angkor Wat(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bas-relief of intercepting a kick"><img alt="Bas-relief of intercepting a kick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg/117px-Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg/175px-Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg/233px-Catching_a_kick_in_khmer_martial_arts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bas-relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-relief">Bas-relief</a> of intercepting a kick</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodianboxingdefense.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Intercepting a kick in Cambodian boxing match"><img alt="Intercepting a kick in Cambodian boxing match" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cambodianboxingdefense.png/120px-Cambodianboxingdefense.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cambodianboxingdefense.png/180px-Cambodianboxingdefense.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cambodianboxingdefense.png/240px-Cambodianboxingdefense.png 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="594" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Intercepting a kick in Cambodian boxing match</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Elbow attack and intercepting a kick. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Elbow attack and intercepting a kick. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png/112px-Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png" decoding="async" width="112" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png/168px-Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png/224px-Cambodianboxing_elbowandkickinterception.png 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="918" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Elbow attack and intercepting a kick. Bas-relief at <a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a>(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bas-relief from the entrance pillars of the Bayon of elbow attacks"><img alt="Bas-relief from the entrance pillars of the Bayon of elbow attacks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg/120px-Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg/180px-Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg/240px-Bas-relief_from_the_entrance_pillars_of_the_Bayon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bas-relief from the entrance pillars of the <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a> of elbow attacks</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elbow strike in Khmer martial art"><img alt="Elbow strike in Khmer martial art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg/120px-Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg/180px-Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg/240px-Elbow_strike_in_khmer_martial_art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="673" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Elbow strike in Khmer martial art</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elbow strike bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Elbow strike bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg/120px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg/180px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg/240px-Angkor_Wat_bas-reliefs_elbowstrike_pradalserey_kunkhmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2825" data-file-height="1997" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Elbow strike bas-relief at Angkor Wat(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Elbow to the jaw and knee attack. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Elbow to the jaw and knee attack. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png/120px-Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png/180px-Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png/240px-Cambodiankickboxingelbowandknee.png 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="822" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Elbow to the jaw and knee attack. Bas-relief at <a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a>(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Knee technique at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Knee technique at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg/66px-Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg" decoding="async" width="66" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg/100px-Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg/133px-Angkorwatkneemartialarts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="885" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Knee technique at Angkor Wat(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flying knee and elbow technique used in Khmer martial arts"><img alt="Flying knee and elbow technique used in Khmer martial arts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg/79px-Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg/119px-Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg/159px-Flying_knee_and_elbow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="636" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flying knee and elbow technique used in Khmer martial arts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkorwatboxing.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Knee attack and punches. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)"><img alt="Knee attack and punches. Bas-relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Angkorwatboxing.jpg/120px-Angkorwatboxing.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Angkorwatboxing.jpg/180px-Angkorwatboxing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Angkorwatboxing.jpg/240px-Angkorwatboxing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="902" data-file-height="614" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Knee attack and punches. Bas-relief at <a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a>(<a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">1100s</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Knee and uppercut strike"><img alt="Knee and uppercut strike" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg/111px-Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg/166px-Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg/222px-Knee_and_uppercut_strike.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="802" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Knee and uppercut strike</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodianmartialarts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="A knee strike during a match"><img alt="A knee strike during a match" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cambodianmartialarts.png/120px-Cambodianmartialarts.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cambodianmartialarts.png/180px-Cambodianmartialarts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cambodianmartialarts.png/240px-Cambodianmartialarts.png 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="613" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A knee strike during a match</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bas-relief at the Bayon(12th/13th century). In the upper left corner, a martial artist uses a thrust kick on his opponent. In the lower right corner, a martial artist demonstrates a high kick."><img alt="Bas-relief at the Bayon(12th/13th century). In the upper left corner, a martial artist uses a thrust kick on his opponent. In the lower right corner, a martial artist demonstrates a high kick." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png/120px-Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png/180px-Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png/240px-Stone_Carving_at_Bayon_Temple.png 2x" data-file-width="623" data-file-height="376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bas-relief at the <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a>(12th/13th century). In the upper left corner, a martial artist uses a thrust kick on his opponent. In the lower right corner, a martial artist demonstrates a high kick.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxe_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxe Française">Boxe Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Traditional_Wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer Traditional Wrestling">Khmer Traditional Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Lao" title="Muay Lao">Muay Lao</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Antonio_Graceffo-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Antonio_Graceffo_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGraceffo" class="citation web cs1">Graceffo, Antonio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/6056191/Cambodian_and_Chinese_Martial_Arts_Compared_English_language_paper_">"Cambodian and Chinese Martial Arts Compared (English language paper)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cambodian+and+Chinese+Martial+Arts+Compared+%28English+language+paper%29&rft.aulast=Graceffo&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F6056191%2FCambodian_and_Chinese_Martial_Arts_Compared_English_language_paper_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoyder2014" class="citation web cs1">Goyder, James (April 26, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fightland.vice.com/blog/the-a-fighters-reviving-cambodian-culture-through-khmer-martial-arts">"The A-Fighters: Reviving Cambodian Culture Through Khmer Martial Arts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fightland" title="Fightland">Fightland</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fightland&rft.atitle=The+A-Fighters%3A+Reviving+Cambodian+Culture+Through+Khmer+Martial+Arts&rft.date=2014-04-26&rft.aulast=Goyder&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffightland.vice.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-a-fighters-reviving-cambodian-culture-through-khmer-martial-arts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-san_kim_sean-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-san_kim_sean_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-san_kim_sean_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSao2023" class="citation web cs1">Sao, SokEng (7 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eacnews.asia/home/details/19665#:~:text=46•%20Live-,Master%20San%20Kim%20Sean%3A%20'Free%20Boxing'%20is%20a%20Name,Kun%20Khmer'%20is%20Purely%20Cambodian&text=PHNOM%20PENH%3A%20Bokator%20Master%2C%20Krama,during%20France's%20colonization%20of%20Cambodia.">"Master San Kim Sean: 'Free Boxing' is a Name Given by France, but 'Kun Khmer' is Purely Cambodian"</a>. <i>EAC News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EAC+News&rft.atitle=Master+San+Kim+Sean%3A+%E2%80%98Free+Boxing%E2%80%99+is+a+Name+Given+by+France%2C+but+%E2%80%98Kun+Khmer%E2%80%99+is+Purely+Cambodian&rft.date=2023-02-07&rft.aulast=Sao&rft.aufirst=SokEng&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feacnews.asia%2Fhome%2Fdetails%2F19665%23%3A~%3Atext%3D46%E2%80%A2%2520Live-%2CMaster%2520San%2520Kim%2520Sean%253A%2520%27Free%2520Boxing%27%2520is%2520a%2520Name%2CKun%2520Khmer%27%2520is%2520Purely%2520Cambodian%26text%3DPHNOM%2520PENH%253A%2520Bokator%2520Master%252C%2520Krama%2Cduring%2520France%27s%2520colonization%2520of%2520Cambodia.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Culture_and_Fine_Arts_of_Cambodia" class="citation web cs1">Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kun-lbokator-traditional-martial-arts-in-cambodia-01868">"Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Cambodia"</a>. <q>Furthermore, it is developed into a popular national sport called Khmer traditional boxing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inventory+of+Intangible+Cultural+Heritage+of+Cambodia&rft.au=Ministry+of+Culture+and+Fine+Arts+of+Cambodia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fkun-lbokator-traditional-martial-arts-in-cambodia-01868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leisurecambodia.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-leisurecambodia.com_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vongs, Moul. "Khmer Boxing." Leisure Cambodia, Dec. 2001, www.leisurecambodia.com/news/detail.php?id=199. Accessed 7 July 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2014/2/14/in-pictures-the-khmer-warrior-artists">"In Pictures: The Khmer warrior-artists"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=In+Pictures%3A+The+Khmer+warrior-artists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fgallery%2F2014%2F2%2F14%2Fin-pictures-the-khmer-warrior-artists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ស្នៀតធាក់ត្រង់ ឬច្រត់ ឥសី [Attack Techniques: Push Kick or Chrot Eysei]. (2019, December 17). Mee Chiet. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.meechiet.com.kh/kh/article/662">https://www.meechiet.com.kh/kh/article/662</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/xybdkd/pradal-serey-kickboxing-the-cambodian-way">"Pradal Serey: Kickboxing the Cambodian Way"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vice_news" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice news">Vice news</a></i>. <q>The most notable difference between the two fighting styles is the more frequent use of elbows in Pradal Serey than in Muay Thai.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice+news&rft.atitle=Pradal+Serey%3A+Kickboxing+the+Cambodian+Way&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fxybdkd%2Fpradal-serey-kickboxing-the-cambodian-way&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ich.unesco.org-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ich.unesco.org_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kun-lbokator-traditional-martial-arts-in-cambodia-01868">"Kun L'Bokator, traditional martial arts in Cambodia"</a>. <i>unesco.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unesco.org&rft.atitle=Kun+L%27Bokator%2C+traditional+martial+arts+in+Cambodia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fkun-lbokator-traditional-martial-arts-in-cambodia-01868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLim2023" class="citation web cs1">Lim, Nary (31 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khmertimeskh.com/501230115/archaeologist-shows-cambodian-martial-art-sculptures-at-khmer-temples/">"Archaeologist shows Cambodian martial art sculptures at Khmer temples"</a>. <i>Khmer Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2024</span>. <q>A well-rounded archaeologist of the APSARA National Authority has unveiled Cambodian martial art bas-relief sculptures at temples at Angkor Archaeological Park, Siem Reap province. 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Retrieved December 29, 2020, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://news.sabay.com.kh/article/1202520">https://news.sabay.com.kh/article/1202520</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asiamotion.net/photo-stories/stephane-janin/kickboxing-long-beach-california">"Kickboxing in Long Beach, California | Photo story | Stephane Janin | Asia Motion"</a>. <i>www.asiamotion.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asiamotion.net&rft.atitle=Kickboxing+in+Long+Beach%2C+California+%26%23124%3B+Photo+story+%26%23124%3B+Stephane+Janin+%26%23124%3B+Asia+Motion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiamotion.net%2Fphoto-stories%2Fstephane-janin%2Fkickboxing-long-beach-california&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKun+Khmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vongs, Moul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leisurecambodia.com/news/detail.php?id=199">"Khmer Boxing"</a>, <i>Leisure Cambodia</i>, December 2001, retrieved May 27, 2013.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155515/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=14492">"Cambodia to boycott Thai boxing even over name row"</a>, <i>Turkish Daily News</i>, October 23, 1999, retrieved November 4, 2006.</li> <li>Sieng-You, Thearon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://66.218.71.231/language/translation/translatedPage.php?lp=fr_en&text=http%3a%2f%2fwww.lesjeuneskhmers.com%2fhome%2findex.php%3foption%3dcom_content%26task%3dview%26id%3d40%26Itemid%3d60">"Boxing Khmère "</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i>Writing of Angkor N°5 via Les Jeunes Khmers</i>, retrieved November 4, 2006.</li> <li>Mallon, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irrawaddy.org/aviewer.asp?a=4496&z=107">"Back on their feet"</a> <i>The Irrawaddy</i>, March 2005, retrieved November 4, 2006.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kun_Khmer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and 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mixed martial arts records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_and_soft_techniques" title="Hard and soft techniques">Hard and soft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Classification468" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Classification</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts" title="List of martial arts">Regional origin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_martial_arts" title="Indonesian martial arts">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_martial_arts" title="Italian martial arts">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_martial_arts" title="Japanese martial arts">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_martial_arts" title="Okinawan martial arts">Okinawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia_martial_arts" title="Mainland Southeast Asia martial arts">Mainland Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_martial_arts" title="Filipino martial arts">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_martial_arts" title="Russian martial arts">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_martial_arts" title="Vietnamese martial arts">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat" title="Hand-to-hand combat">Unarmed <br />techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arm strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">Chokehold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(combat)" title="Punch (combat)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow_(strike)" title="Elbow (strike)">Elbow strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">Clinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_fighting" title="Ground fighting">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headbutt" title="Headbutt">Headbutt</a></li></ul></li> <li>Leg strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">Footwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick" title="Kick">Kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_kick" title="Flying kick">Flying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_(strike)" title="Knee (strike)">Knee strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomp_(strike)" title="Stomp (strike)">Stomp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">Hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">Joint lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweep_(martial_arts)" title="Sweep (martial arts)">Sweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_(grappling)" title="Takedown (grappling)">Takedown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">Throw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_fighting" title="Stand-up fighting">Stand-up</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts_weapons" title="List of martial arts weapons">Weapons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">Duel</a></li> <li>Melee weapons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knife_fight" title="Knife fight">Knife fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick-fighting" title="Stick-fighting">Stick-fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordsmanship" title="Swordsmanship">Swordsmanship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">Training</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kata" title="Kata">Kata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_glove" title="Boxing glove">Boxing glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_practice_weapons" title="List of practice weapons">Practice weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punching_bag" title="Punching bag">Punching bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushing_hands" title="Pushing hands">Pushing hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randori" title="Randori">Randori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparring" title="Sparring">Sparring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barr%C3%B3g" title="Barróg">Barróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Para_judo" title="Para judo">Para judo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">Luta Livre esportiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malla-yuddha" title="Malla-yuddha">Malla-yuddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">Pehlwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai jiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_wrestling" title="Mongolian wrestling">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_wrestling" title="Oil wrestling">oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">shoot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strike_(attack)" title="Strike (attack)">Striking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando" title="Bando">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoeira" title="Capoeira">Capoeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_boxing" title="Chess boxing">Chess boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choi_Kwang_Do" title="Choi Kwang Do">Choi Kwang Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dambe" title="Dambe">Dambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kun Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethwei" title="Lethwei">Lethwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Praying_Mantis" title="Northern Praying Mantis">Northern Praying Mantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_boxing" title="Russian boxing">Russian boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanda_(sport)" title="Sanda (sport)">Sanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaolin_kung_fu" title="Shaolin kung fu">Shaolin kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_boxing" title="Shoot boxing">Shoot boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">Savate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Soo_Do" title="Tang Soo Do">Tang Soo Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tien_Shan_Pai" title="Tien Shan Pai">Tien Shan Pai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vovinam" title="Vovinam">Vovinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wudangquan" title="Wudangquan">Wudangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshukai_Karate" title="Yoshukai Karate">Yoshukai Karate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">Internal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dait%C5%8D-ry%C5%AB_Aiki-j%C5%ABjutsu" title="Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu">Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baguazhang" title="Baguazhang">Baguazhang</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">Tai chi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xingyiquan" title="Xingyiquan">Xingyiquan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contact_sport#Full-contact" title="Contact sport">Full contact</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_boxing" title="Professional boxing">Professional boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_contact_karate" title="Full contact karate">Full contact karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">Mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootfighting" title="Shootfighting">Shootfighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">Submission wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale_Tudo" title="Vale Tudo">Vale Tudo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Self-defense" title="Self-defense">Self-defense</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combatives" title="Combatives">combatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Arnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartitsu" title="Bartitsu">Bartitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapkido" title="Hapkido">Hapkido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajukenbo" title="Kajukenbo">Kajukenbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieitaikakut%C5%8Djutsu" title="Jieitaikakutōjutsu">Jieitaikakutōjutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program" title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program">MCMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffrajitsu" title="Suffrajitsu">Suffrajitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systema" title="Systema">Systema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekkyon" title="Taekkyon">Taekkyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To-Shin_Do" title="To-Shin Do">To-Shin Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_Chun" title="Wing Chun">Wing Chun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silat_Melayu" title="Silat Melayu">Silat Melayu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eclecticism#Martial_arts" title="Eclecticism">Eclectic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Kenpo" title="American Kenpo">American Kenpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angampora" title="Angampora">Angampora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chun_Kuk_Do" class="mw-redirect" title="Chun Kuk Do">Chun Kuk Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokutoryu_Ju-Jutsu" title="Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu">Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeet_Kune_Do" title="Jeet Kune Do">Jeet Kune Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooto" title="Shooto">Shooto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorinji_Kempo" title="Shorinji Kempo">Shorinji Kempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unifight" title="Unifight">Unifight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qwan_Ki_Do" title="Qwan Ki Do">Qwan Ki Do</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battlefield" title="Battlefield">Battlefield</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banshay" title="Banshay">Banshay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Historical European martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huiyen_Lallong" title="Huiyen Lallong">Huiyen Lallong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krabi%E2%80%93krabong" title="Krabi–krabong">Krabi–krabong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardani_khel" title="Mardani khel">Mardani khel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program" title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program">Marine Corps Martial Arts Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_game" title="Fighting game">Fighting game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts film</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Chanbara</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricking_(martial_arts)" title="Tricking (martial arts)">Tricking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="International_games468" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International games</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Olympic_sports" title="Olympic sports">Summer Olympics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the Summer Olympics">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Fencing at the Summer Olympics">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Judo at the Summer Olympics">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Karate at the Summer Olympics">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the Summer Olympics">Wrestling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a>)</li> <li>Demonstration sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budo_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Budo at the 1964 Summer Olympics">Budō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_dueling" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic dueling">Pistol dueling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glima_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Glima at the 1912 Summer Olympics">Glima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Savate at the 1924 Summer Olympics">Savate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Games_sports" title="World Games sports">World Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ju-jitsu_at_the_World_Games" title="Ju-jitsu at the World Games">Ju-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_World_Games" title="Karate at the World Games">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sumo at the World Games">Sumo</a></li> <li>Former official sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sambo at the World Games">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Invitational sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li> <li>2018 Only <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">Kurash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/African_Games" title="African Games">African Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/European_Games" title="European Games">European Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muaythai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts" title="Portal:Martial arts">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" 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