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id="primary"> <main class="site-main" id="main"> <article id="post-90" class="post-90 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-psychiatric-nursing tag-autonomy tag-coercion tag-paternalism tag-patient-centered-care tag-protective-empowering tag-psychiatric-nursing tag-relational-autonomy" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="2560" height="1340" src="https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-scaled.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-300x157.jpg 300w, https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-768x402.jpg 768w, https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-1536x804.jpg 1536w, https://nursing-science.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_4_-min-2048x1072.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Autonomy vs. Paternalism in Psychiatric Nursing</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-06T23:10:56+05:30" itemprop="dateModified">September 6, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-02T12:11:03+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">September 2, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://nursing-science.com/archive/author/nursing-science/" title="View all posts by nursing-science" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">nursing-science</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In as much as psychiatric nursing is an intricate field, one of the most significant questions that always arise is the extent to which patients should be allowed to make decisions for themselves and how much authority the health care provider should take over their choices ‘for their good’. Decisional autonomy is the ability of patients to make decisions over their treatment, while paternalism entails the health care practitioners assuming the rights of patients in decision-making for reasons of the patient’s good. This tension is most evident in a psychiatric context, as patients’ decision-making capacity may be affected by their psychosis. It is therefore important to understand and manage this tension that appropriately exists within psychiatric nursing to deliver proper care while at the same time protecting patients from their irrationality. In this article, the author plans to review the paradigm of the degree of freedom and the degree of control in the process of nursing, based on the findings of the recent studies and the relevant theory.</span></p> <p><b>A Concept Analysis on the Autonomy of Nurses Attending to Patients with Psychiatric Disorders</b></p> <p><b></b><span style="font-weight: 400;">Patient self-determination is one of the most critical ethical values in health care since a patient’s right to decisional control of his/her treatment is unconditional. In psychiatric nursing, autonomy refers to the patient’s ability to make a reasoned decision as to the management of care or alteration in their daily living. It is critical to use this approach in the management of patients because it strengthens their perceived control over their care and treatment. A sample study of the attempts to increase clients’ self-direction in the process of future long-term mental health clients shows that professionals employ different strategies to increase autonomy, including the dismantling of restraints, training themselves and others in the client’s preferences, and deinstitutionalization of the relationship of the caregivers and the cared.</span></p> <p><b>Understanding the Psychiatric Care Concerning Paternalism</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hence, the tenet of paternalism, while seen in a negative light as a result of controlling and dominating implications, can be at times useful in psychiatric nursing. It entails decisions about patients in conditions in which they cannot make proper decisions for themselves. The concept of protective empowerment in psychiatric-mental health nursing exemplifies how the nurse is obliged to abide by the principle of beneficence and this principle not to inflict any harm, and at the same time is also obligated to respect the patient’s autonomy. This theory is in line with the patient protection policy while enhancing the patient’s involvement in the medical decision-making process.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://nursing-science.com/publication-trends/index/psychiatric nursing" target="_blank" title="psychiatric nursing - yearwise publication trends">psychiatric nursing</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; 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if (!statistics || Object.keys(statistics).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var tableHTML = `<div class='pub-scroll'> <table class='tablediv' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='0'> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Publication Count</th> </tr>`; Object.entries(statistics).sort(([yearA], [yearB]) => yearB - yearA).forEach(([year, count]) => { const displayCount = count === 0 ? 'NA' : count; tableHTML += ` <tr> <td>${year}</td> <td>${displayCount}</td> </tr> `; }); tableHTML += '</table></div>'; resultsContainer.innerHTML = tableHTML; } function displayLineChart(statistics) { var years = Object.keys(statistics); var counts = Object.values(statistics); var ctx = document.getElementById('publicationChart').getContext('2d'); // Destroy existing chart instance if it exists if (chart !== null) { chart.destroy(); } // Create a new chart instance chart = new Chart(ctx, { type: 'line', data: { labels: years, datasets: [{ label: 'Publication Counts', data: counts, fill: false, borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)', tension: 0.1 }] }, options: { scales: { y: { beginAtZero: true } }, plugins: { legend: { display: true, position: 'top' } } } }); } function displayKeywordStats(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-stats'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nursing-science.com/publication-trends/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - yearwise publication trends">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var statistics = { "2014": 118, "2015": 141, "2016": 156, "2017": 126, "2018": 141, "2019": 167, "2020": 270, "2021": 255, "2022": 303, "2023": 499, "2024": 178 }; var keywordsArray = ["Autonomy","Paternalism","Psychiatric Nursing","Ethics","Patient-Centered Care","Coercion","Protective Empowering","Relational Autonomy"]; displayResults(statistics); displayLineChart(statistics); displayKeywordStats(keywordsArray); </script></p> <p><b>Balancing Autonomy and Paternalism<br /> </b><b><br /> </b><span style="font-weight: 400;">Relations between these two concepts are intricate and thus must be critically analyzed and approached from an ethical perspective. While the patient has the right to self-determination, the nurses need to evaluate the patient’s capacity to make decisions at every given time and balance this with the possible danger of exercising full autonomy. In situations where the patient’s decision is likely to harm the patient, then it is reasonable to engage in paternalistic intervention. For example, in the case of treatment pressures, leverage, coercion, and compulsion in mental health care, there is a described hierarchy of treatment pressures moving from persuasion to compulsory treatment, each step of which has different degrees of rationale.</span></p> <p><b>Ethical Challenges and Dilemmas<br /> </b><b><br /> </b><span style="font-weight: 400;">Although now and then not significant, ethical issues are recurrent in psychiatric nursing practice, mostly due to discordance of the patient’s or guardian’s preference with what is regarded as therapeutically beneficial. These examples of informed consent and ECT include the ethical challenges regarding the rights and welfare of patients, which are best solved with both patients’ agreement and strong-stemmed decisions for the patient’s best interest. Furthermore, the study on perceptions of ethical coercion among nurses shows that the current and former nurses differ in the acceptable standards of use of physical coercion and ethics in implementing coercion in the acute psychiatric unit.</span></p> <p><b>Practical Approaches to Navigating Autonomy and Paternalism</b><b><br /> </b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Practical strategies for navigating the balance between autonomy and paternalism include fostering open communication, involving patients in care planning, and employing a patient-centered approach. The concept of relational autonomy, which considers the interdependence of patients and their caregivers, offers a valuable framework for understanding and respecting patient autonomy within the context of their relationships and support systems. This approach acknowledges that patients’ decisions are often influenced by their social and relational contexts, and it seeks to empower them within these frameworks.</span></p> <p><b>Case Studies and Real-World Applications</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Real-world applications of these principles can be seen in case studies that reflect the ethical dilemmas faced by psychiatric nurses. For example, trauma-informed care in an inpatient pediatric psychiatric unit revealed ethical challenges as nurses sought alternatives to coercive interventions like chemical and physical restraints. These cases underscore the importance of ethical decision-making frameworks and the need for continuous reflection on practice.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://nursing-science.com/recent-publications/index/psychiatric nursing" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="psychiatric nursing - yearwise publication list">psychiatric nursing</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .publication-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #000!important; } .publication-block a { font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 1em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; color: #000; padding: 0px; } .publication-block a:hover{ color: #227cdc; text-decoration:underline; } .article-scroll { max-height: 445px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: #ababab; border-radius:30px; } .publication-block p { margin-bottom: .5em; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } h3 { font-size: 18px !important; margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; } a { padding: 5px; color: #a71c49; } #keyword-papers{ margin-top: 20px; text-align: center; } </style> <script> function decodeString(str) { str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); return str; } function displayResults_recent(papers) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_recent'); if (!papers || papers.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No recent publications found.</p>'; return; } papers.forEach(paper => { var publicationBlock = document.createElement('div'); publicationBlock.className = 'publication-block'; var title_de = decodeString(paper.title); var publicationHTML = ` <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;"><a href="${paper.url}" target="_blank" title="${title_de}">${title_de}</a></div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> ${paper.publishedDate}</p> `; publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nursing-science.com/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "WITHDRAWN: \\\\\\\"The closest touch to death in psychiatric nursing practice\\\\\\\": Experiences of nursing students in a psycho-oncology unit.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38851898", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Impact of horticultural therapy on patients admitted to psychiatric wards, a randomised, controlled and open trial.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38909093", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Developing evidence-based medication therapy management tools for psychiatric nurses: An evaluative qualitative case study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38959384", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Family involvement in mental healthcare practice: Perspectives of mental health nurses, patients, and caregivers.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39123284", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Exploring Undergraduate Nursing Students\\\\\\' Preferences in Psychiatric Nursing Simulation Modalities.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38900995", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The Effectiveness of the 4P Nursing Model Combined with Amisulpride and Clozapine in the Management of Psychiatric Patients.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38904633", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Work engagement of psychiatric nurses: a scoping review.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38684255", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Risk assessment for aggressive behaviour in schizophrenia.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38695777", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "AMPlifying metabolic screening for inpatients on antipsychotic medications with a nurse-driven protocol.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38734446", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Handling conflict situations in psychosis inpatient care: Nursing staff experiences of the Interactive Approach model.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38796785", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The effect of self-esteem development programme applied to secondary school students on self-esteem and peer bullying victimization: A randomized controlled trial.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38704329", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Incidence and Factors Associated with Falls in Older People in a Long-Term Care Facility: A Prospective Study in Taiwan.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38786371", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Teaching psychiatric nursing with films during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38712389", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The impact of negative affects on the high prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in healthcare professionals.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38701170", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Implementing Behavioral Optimization and Outcomes Support Team in a Medical\/Surgical Telemetry Unit.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38697091", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Josic\u00e9lia Dum\u00eat Fernandes\\\\\\' professional trajectory: contributions to psychiatric and mental health nursing.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38716907", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Photovoice in Aggression Management Training for Medical and Nursing Students-A Pilot Study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38727430", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Nurses\\\\\\' practice of metabolic monitoring for patients on antipsychotics in Lesotho.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38726330", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Subjectivity through the lens of Guattari: A key concept for nursing.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38752458", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Positioning virtual reality as means of clinical experience in mental health nursing education: A quasi-experimental study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38796255", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Autonomy","Paternalism","Psychiatric Nursing","Ethics","Patient-Centered Care","Coercion","Protective Empowering","Relational Autonomy"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <p><b>Conclusion<br /> </b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The balance between autonomy and paternalism in psychiatric nursing is a dynamic and ongoing challenge. It requires a deep understanding of ethical principles, a commitment to patient-centered care, and the ability to navigate complex clinical situations with sensitivity and compassion. By fostering autonomy while judiciously employing paternalistic interventions when necessary, psychiatric nurses can provide ethical and effective care that respects the dignity and rights of their patients.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;"></span></p> <p><b>References</b><b><br /> </b></p> <ol> <li>Broer T, Nieboer AP, Bal RA. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21054724/">Quest for client autonomy in improving long-term mental health care.</a> Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2010 Dec;19(6):385-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00699.x. PMID: 21054724.</li> <li>Chiovitti RF. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21285200/">Theory of protective empowering for balancing patient safety and choices.</a> Nurs Ethics. 2011 Jan;18(1):88-101. doi: 10.1177/0969733010386169. PMID: 21285200.</li> <li> <div class="csl-bib-body"> <div class="csl-entry">Szmukler, G., & Appelbaum, P. S. (2008). <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09638230802052203">Treatment pressures, leverage, coercion, and compulsion in mental health care.</a> <i>Journal of Mental Health</i>, <i>17</i>(3), 233–244.</div> </div> </li> <li>Schmidt Kashka, M. and Keyser, P.K. (1995), <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-6163.1995.tb00461.x">Ethical Issues in Informed Consent and ECT.</a> Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 31: 15-21.</li> <li>Lind M, Kaltiala-Heino R, Suominen T, Leino-Kilpi H, Välimäki M. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15255910/">Nurses’ ethical perceptions about coercion.</a> J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2004 Aug;11(4):379-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2004.00715.x. PMID: 15255910.</li> <li>Rose DN. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17073051/">Respect for patient autonomy in forensic psychiatric nursing.</a> J Forensic Nurs. 2005 Spring;1(1):23-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2005.tb00007.x. PMID: 17073051.</li> <li>Regan K. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20144033/">Trauma informed care on an inpatient pediatric psychiatric unit and the emergence of ethical dilemmas as nurses evolved their practice.</a> Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2010 Mar;31(3):216-22. doi: 10.3109/01612840903315841. PMID: 20144033.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">psychiatric nursing</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://nursing-science.com/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .author-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #227cdc; } .author-block p { margin: 5px 0; } .author-b { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom:10px; } .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 30%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; background: #dcdcdc; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 10px; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 100%; margin: 10px 0; } } </style> <script> function displayResults_author(authors) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_author'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!authors || Object.keys(authors).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No authors found.</p>'; return; } Object.values(authors).slice(0, 10).forEach(author => { if (author.affiliation.length > 400) { return; } var authorBlock = document.createElement('div'); authorBlock.className = 'author-block'; var author_name=author.name; let key_replace = author_name.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); var authorHTML = ` <h3><a href="https://nursing-science.com/author/index/${key_replace}\/${author.aid}" target="_blank" title="${author.name}">${author.name}</a></h3> <div class="author-b"> <div class="ainfo"><strong>H-Index:</strong> ${author.hindex}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Publication Count:</strong> ${author.paper_count}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Citation Count:</strong> ${author.citation_count}</div> </div> <p><strong>Affiliation:</strong> ${author.affiliation}</p> `; authorBlock.innerHTML = authorHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(authorBlock); }); } function displayKeywordAuthors(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-authors'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach(key => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nursing-science.com/expert-search/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key}">${key}</a>`; }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var authors_data = { "YFJDK4wBWBy50K-rKwxt": { "aid": "YFJDK4wBWBy50K-rKwxt", "name": "J. Fitzpatrick", "citation_count": 7361, "hindex": 45, "paper_count": 635, "affiliation": "Joyce. J. FLitzpatrick, Editor. ", "email": "joyce.fitzpatrick@case.edu", "slug_tail": "j-fitzpatrick" }, "icjbK4wBWBy50K-rOiNW": { "aid": "icjbK4wBWBy50K-rOiNW", "name": "G. Bozdag", "citation_count": 3549, "hindex": 29, "paper_count": 184, "affiliation": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. ", "email": "gbozdag@hacettepe.edu.tr", "slug_tail": "g-bozdag" }, "ct6kK4wBWBy50K-r8Rbr": { "aid": "ct6kK4wBWBy50K-r8Rbr", "name": "E. Alessi", "citation_count": 1614, "hindex": 22, "paper_count": 71, "affiliation": "School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 390 George Street, FL 6 - Room 607A, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. ", "email": "ealessi@ssw.rutgers.edu", "slug_tail": "e-alessi" }, "CCjaKowBWBy50K-rES8p": { "aid": "CCjaKowBWBy50K-rES8p", "name": "S. Chapman", "citation_count": 1620, "hindex": 21, "paper_count": 112, "affiliation": "Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA, USA. ", "email": "susan.chapman@ucsf.edu", "slug_tail": "s-chapman" }, "OY3OK4wBWBy50K-rvnjA": { "aid": "OY3OK4wBWBy50K-rvnjA", "name": "J. Goodman", "citation_count": 3323, "hindex": 21, "paper_count": 37, "affiliation": "MGH Institute of Health Professions, School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, United States of America. ", "email": "jgoodman@mghihp.edu", "slug_tail": "j-goodman" }, "Sq3WK4wBWBy50K-rWKa-": { "aid": "Sq3WK4wBWBy50K-rWKa-", "name": "T. Ashktorab", "citation_count": 1550, "hindex": 20, "paper_count": 131, "affiliation": "Department of Management, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 00 98 912 236 1149, Iran. ", "email": "taherehashk@gmail.com", "slug_tail": "t-ashktorab" }, "LXLmKowBWBy50K-rlOiT": { "aid": "LXLmKowBWBy50K-rlOiT", "name": "P. Findley", "citation_count": 1428, "hindex": 20, "paper_count": 111, "affiliation": "School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA. ", "email": "pfindley@ssw.rutgers.edu", "slug_tail": "p-findley" }, "XG2FK4wBWBy50K-rIMiu": { "aid": "XG2FK4wBWBy50K-rIMiu", "name": "J. Lim", "citation_count": 1393, "hindex": 18, "paper_count": 236, "affiliation": "Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, Korea. ", "email": "lim20712@inha.ac.kr", "slug_tail": "j-lim" }, "djgLK4wBWBy50K-rdqDd": { "aid": "djgLK4wBWBy50K-rdqDd", "name": "E. Hauenstein", "citation_count": 991, "hindex": 17, "paper_count": 43, "affiliation": "Rm 333, STAR Tower, 100 Discovery Road, Newark, DE 19716, USA. ", "email": "ehauenst@udel.edu", "slug_tail": "e-hauenstein" }, "4uGmK4wBWBy50K-rWpil": { "aid": "4uGmK4wBWBy50K-rWpil", "name": "J. 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", "email": "lauradh@umich.edu", "slug_tail": "l-hirshbein" }, "ledlK4wBWBy50K-rnx02": { "aid": "ledlK4wBWBy50K-rnx02", "name": "D. Avc\u0131", "citation_count": 393, "hindex": 11, "paper_count": 58, "affiliation": "Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Balikesir, Turkey. ", "email": "davci@bandirma.edu.tr", "slug_tail": "d-avci" }, "OHDmKowBWBy50K-rMgoL": { "aid": "OHDmKowBWBy50K-rMgoL", "name": "Heeyoung Lee", "citation_count": 219, "hindex": 10, "paper_count": 69, "affiliation": "Department of Health and Community Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ", "email": "leehee@pitt.edu", "slug_tail": "heeyoung-lee" }, "b9v6KowBWBy50K-rARx-": { "aid": "b9v6KowBWBy50K-rARx-", "name": "E. Lin", "citation_count": 371, "hindex": 10, "paper_count": 53, "affiliation": "Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. ", "email": "chinglan@mail.ncku.edu.tw", "slug_tail": "e-lin" }, "jfVoK4wBWBy50K-rqG-c": { "aid": "jfVoK4wBWBy50K-rqG-c", "name": "S. Apay", "citation_count": 337, "hindex": 10, "paper_count": 47, "affiliation": "Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Midwifery, Erzurum, Turkey. ", "email": "sejder@hotmail.com", "slug_tail": "s-apay" }, "DoBOK4wBWBy50K-raVB_": { "aid": "DoBOK4wBWBy50K-raVB_", "name": "C. Sunnqvist", "citation_count": 316, "hindex": 10, "paper_count": 35, "affiliation": "Malm\u00f6 University, Faculty for Health and Society, Department of Care Science Malm\u00f6, Sweden. ", "email": "charlotta.sunnqvist@mau.se", "slug_tail": "c-sunnqvist" }, "H2MTK4wBWBy50K-rGdFc": { "aid": "H2MTK4wBWBy50K-rGdFc", "name": "Karan Kverno", "citation_count": 566, "hindex": 9, "paper_count": 49, "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA. 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", "email": "ssbasuoni@uqu.edu.sa", "slug_tail": "s-s-basyouni" }, "FyjxK4wBWBy50K-rHPFR": { "aid": "FyjxK4wBWBy50K-rHPFR", "name": "Jongsook Han", "citation_count": 54, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 11, "affiliation": "Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, South Korea. ", "email": "jshan@cau.ac.kr", "slug_tail": "jongsook-han" }, "-xsGK4wBWBy50K-rTumC": { "aid": "-xsGK4wBWBy50K-rTumC", "name": "Trine-Lise Jansen", "citation_count": 69, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 5, "affiliation": "Norway, MF Norwegian School of Theology, Religion and Society, Lovisenberg Diakonale H\u00f8gskole (Lovisenberg Diaconal University College), Oslo, Norway. ", "email": "Trine.Lise.Jansen@ldh.no", "slug_tail": "trine-lise-jansen" }, "G80qK4wBWBy50K-rrDDB": { "aid": "G80qK4wBWBy50K-rrDDB", "name": "Ay\u015fe Sari", "citation_count": 38, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 10, "affiliation": "Izmir Democracy University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, \u0130zmir, Turkey. ", "email": "aysesar2012@gmail.com", "slug_tail": "ayse-sari" }, "8G_IK4wBWBy50K-rI-60": { "aid": "8G_IK4wBWBy50K-rI-60", "name": "S. Brammer", "citation_count": 174, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 11, "affiliation": "Professor Educator, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, United States. ", "email": "susan.brammer@uc.edu", "slug_tail": "s-brammer" }, "m3XJK4wBWBy50K-rOsYg": { "aid": "m3XJK4wBWBy50K-rOsYg", "name": "T. Sueyasu", "citation_count": 48, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 8, "affiliation": "Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto, Japan. ", "email": "toshiaki_sueyasu@suntory.co.jp", "slug_tail": "t-sueyasu" }, "jXLmKowBWBy50K-rg2Ym": { "aid": "jXLmKowBWBy50K-rg2Ym", "name": "D. Camus", "citation_count": 80, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 11, "affiliation": "Department of Psychiatry, Site de Cery, 1008 Prilly, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. ", "email": "Didier.Camus@chuv.ch", "slug_tail": "d-camus" }, "mEENK4wBWBy50K-rMQVR": { "aid": "mEENK4wBWBy50K-rMQVR", "name": "Katrine Aasekj\u00e6r", "citation_count": 57, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 10, "affiliation": "Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, PO.box 7030, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. ", "email": "katrine.aasekjer@hvl.no", "slug_tail": "katrine-aasekjaer" }, "TuX7KowBWBy50K-r1Z46": { "aid": "TuX7KowBWBy50K-r1Z46", "name": "A. Fenton", "citation_count": 27, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 8, "affiliation": "Department of Behavioral and Community Health Science, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA ", "email": "afento@lsuhsc.edu", "slug_tail": "a-fenton" }, "n38aK4wBWBy50K-r4oY_": { "aid": "n38aK4wBWBy50K-r4oY_", "name": "G. Cheng", "citation_count": 61, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 9, "affiliation": "The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. ", "email": "cheng_gen@126.com", "slug_tail": "g-cheng" }, "SxgFK4wBWBy50K-rdBW1": { "aid": "SxgFK4wBWBy50K-rdBW1", "name": "P. G. Phiri", "citation_count": 53, "hindex": 4, "paper_count": 15, "affiliation": "C\/O St John of God College of Health Sciences, Malawi. ", "email": "patrickgmcphiri@yahoo.co.za", "slug_tail": "p-g-phiri" }, "sAQ0K4wBWBy50K-r_ASU": { "aid": "sAQ0K4wBWBy50K-r_ASU", "name": "Chia-Jung Hsieh", "citation_count": 27, "hindex": 3, "paper_count": 20, "affiliation": "School of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, 112, Taiwan R.O.C.. ", "email": "chiajung@ntunhs.edu.tw", "slug_tail": "chia-jung-hsieh" } }; //console.log(authors_data); displayResults_author(authors_data); var keywordsArray = ["Autonomy","Paternalism","Psychiatric Nursing","Ethics","Patient-Centered Care","Coercion","Protective Empowering","Relational Autonomy"]; displayKeywordAuthors(keywordsArray); </script></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="gp-icon icon-categories"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 112c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h110.014a48 48 0 0143.592 27.907l12.349 26.791A16 16 0 00228.486 128H464c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v224c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V112z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://nursing-science.com/archive/category/psychiatric-nursing/" rel="category tag">Psychiatric Nursing</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span 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