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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American programmer</div> <p><b>John Woldemar Cowan</b> is an American <a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">programmer</a> known for work with <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>. Cowan is an alumnus member of the <a href="/wiki/Unicode_Consortium" title="Unicode Consortium">Unicode Consortium</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was an editor of the XML 1.1 specification.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also the founder of the <a href="/wiki/ConScript_Unicode_Registry" title="ConScript Unicode Registry">ConScript Unicode Registry</a>, which is maintained by him and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Everson" title="Michael Everson">Michael Everson</a>. </p><p>Until he resigned on Aug 15, 2023, he was the chair of the working group defining the R7RS Large standard of the <a href="/wiki/Scheme_(programming_language)" title="Scheme (programming language)">Scheme</a> programming language.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cowan has revised <a href="/wiki/William_Strunk" class="mw-redirect" title="William Strunk">William Strunk</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Elements_of_Style" title="The Elements of Style">The Elements of Style</a></i> (now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>). His revisions are "founded on the principle that rules of usage and style cannot be drawn out of thin air, nor constructed a priori according to logic; they must depend on the actual practice of those who are generally acknowledged to be good writers".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cowan is also the author of a comprehensive reference grammar of the constructed language <a href="/wiki/Lojban" title="Lojban">Lojban</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_W._Cowan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Unicode Consortium: “The Unicode Consortium Members" <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.unicode.org/consortium/memblogo.html">https://www.unicode.org/consortium/memblogo.html</a> (accessed 24 October 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">World Wide Web Consortium: "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)" <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml11/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xml11/</a> (accessed 24 October 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">scheme-reports.org: "Scheme Working Group 2" <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://scheme-reports.org/2012/working-group-2.html">http://scheme-reports.org/2012/working-group-2.html</a> (accessed 24 October 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">My resignation letter as R7RS-large chair <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37164243">https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37164243</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Strunk, Jr, and John Woldemar Cowan, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vrici.lojban.org/~cowan/style-revised.html">The Elements of Style</a></i>. On Cowan's website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Woldemar Cowan, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lojban.org/tiki/tiki-download_wiki_attachment.php?attId=198">The Complete Lojban Language</a></i>. Logical Language Group, 1997, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:John_Woldemar_Cowan" class="extiw" title="s:Author:John Woldemar Cowan">John Cowan</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vrici.lojban.org/~cowan/">Personal homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recycledknowledge.blogspot.com/">Recycled Knowledge</a> (his personal weblog)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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