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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1_1978" title="المجمع المغلق أكتوبر 1978 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المجمع المغلق أكتوبر 1978" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclave_de_1978_(octubre)" title="Conclave de 1978 (octubre) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Conclave de 1978 (octubre)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konklavet_oktober_1978" title="Konklavet oktober 1978 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konklavet oktober 1978" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konklave_Oktober_1978" title="Konklave Oktober 1978 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konklave Oktober 1978" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3nclave_de_octubre_de_1978" title="Cónclave de octubre de 1978 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cónclave de octubre de 1978" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978ko_urriko_konklabea" title="1978ko urriko konklabea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1978ko urriko konklabea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclave_d%27octobre_1978" title="Conclave d'octobre 1978 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Conclave d'octobre 1978" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%EB%85%84_10%EC%9B%94_%EC%BD%98%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%B2%A0" title="1978년 10월 콘클라베 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1978년 10월 콘클라베" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konklaf_Oktober_1978" title="Konklaf Oktober 1978 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konklaf Oktober 1978" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclave_dell%27ottobre_1978" title="Conclave dell'ottobre 1978 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Conclave dell'ottobre 1978" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclave_mensis_Octobris_1978" title="Conclave mensis Octobris 1978 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Conclave mensis Octobris 1978" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclaaf_van_1978_(oktober)" title="Conclaaf van 1978 (oktober) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Conclaaf van 1978 (oktober)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konklavet_oktober_1978" title="Konklavet oktober 1978 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konklavet oktober 1978" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konklawe_1978_(Jan_Pawe%C5%82_II)" title="Konklawe 1978 (Jan Paweł II) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konklawe 1978 (Jan Paweł II)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conclave_de_outubro_de_1978" title="Conclave de outubro de 1978 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conclave de outubro de 1978" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2_1978_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C)" title="Конклав 1978 года (октябрь) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конклав 1978 года (октябрь)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuoden_1978_toinen_konklaavi" title="Vuoden 1978 toinen konklaavi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vuoden 1978 toinen konklaavi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%ADt_ngh%E1%BB%8B_H%E1%BB%93ng_y_th%C3%A1ng_10_n%C4%83m_1978" title="Mật nghị Hồng y tháng 10 năm 1978 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mật nghị Hồng y tháng 10 năm 1978" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%88%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="1978年10月教宗選舉秘密會議 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1978年10月教宗選舉秘密會議" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22">"October 1978 papal conclave"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22October+1978+papal+conclave%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:gold">Papal conclave<br />October 1978<br /><small></small></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold">Dates and location</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">14–16 October 1978<br /><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold">Key officials</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dean</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Confalonieri" title="Carlo Confalonieri">Carlo Confalonieri</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-dean</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Marella" title="Paolo Marella">Paolo Marella</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Camerlengo</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Villot" title="Jean-Marie Villot">Jean-Marie Villot</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Protopriest</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Carmelo_de_Vasconcelos_Motta" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Carmelo de Vasconcelos Motta">Carlos Carmelo de Vasconcelos Motta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Protodeacon</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pericle_Felici" title="Pericle Felici">Pericle Felici</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Civardi" title="Ernesto Civardi">Ernesto Civardi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold">Election</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ballots</th><td class="infobox-data">8</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold">Elected pope</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Karol_Wojty%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Karol Wojtyła">Karol Wojtyła</a></b><br />Name taken: <b>John Paul II</b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_(1984_%E2%80%93_edited).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg/130px-Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg/195px-Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg/260px-Ritratto_di_papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II_%281984_%E2%80%93_edited%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2236" data-file-height="2948" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="font-size: smaller;"><div style="float: left;">← <a href="/wiki/August_1978_papal_conclave" title="August 1978 papal conclave">August 1978</a></div><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/2005_papal_conclave" title="2005 papal conclave">2005</a> →</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">papal conclave</a> held from 14 to 16 October 1978 was triggered by the death of <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_I" class="mw-redirect" title="John Paul I">John Paul I</a> on 28 September 1978, just 33 days after he was elected <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a>. The conclave to elect John Paul I's successor ended after eight ballots. The cardinal electors selected Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Karol_J%C3%B3zef_Wojty%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Karol Józef Wojtyła">Karol Józef Wojtyła</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Archbishop of Kraków">Archbishop of Kraków</a>, as the new pope. The <a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_three_popes" class="mw-redirect" title="Year of the three popes">third pope in the year</a>, Wojtyła accepted his election and <a href="/wiki/Papal_name" title="Papal name">took the name</a> John Paul II. It was the last conclave of the 20th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Papabili_and_proceedings"><i>Papabili</i> and proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1978_papal_conclave&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Papabili and proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_1978_papal_conclaves" title="Cardinal electors in the 1978 papal conclaves">Cardinal electors in the 1978 papal conclaves</a></div> <p>Ten days after the funeral of <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_I" title="Pope John Paul I">Pope John Paul I</a>, on 14 October, the doors of the <a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> were sealed and the conclave commenced. It was divided between two particularly strong <a href="/wiki/Papabile" title="Papabile">candidates for the papacy</a>: Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Siri" title="Giuseppe Siri">Giuseppe Siri</a>, the conservative <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Genoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Genoa">archbishop of Genoa</a>, and Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Benelli" title="Giovanni Benelli">Giovanni Benelli</a>, the liberal <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Florence" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Florence">archbishop of Florence</a> and a close associate of John Paul I. </p><p>Inside the conclave were three non-cardinals. One was <a href="/wiki/Donald_Wuerl" title="Donald Wuerl">Donald Wuerl</a> who, as secretary to the frail Cardinal <a href="/wiki/John_Wright_(cardinal)" title="John Wright (cardinal)">John Wright</a>, was allowed inside the Sistine Chapel to assist him.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This conclave had the same number of cardinals as the first conclave of 1978. Only Albino Luciani himself (who became Pope John Paul I) was absent from this conclave after having attended the first conclave of 1978, and numerically this was offset by the presence of Cardinal Wright at this conclave. </p><p>Supporters of Benelli were confident that he would be elected. In early ballots, Benelli came within nine votes. But the scale of opposition to both <i>papabili</i> meant that neither was likely to receive the two-thirds majority for election. Among the Italian contingent, Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Colombo" title="Giovanni Colombo">Giovanni Colombo</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Milan" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan">Archbishop of Milan</a>, was the only viable compromise candidate, but when he started to receive votes, he announced that if elected he would decline the papacy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Franz_K%C3%B6nig" title="Franz König">Franz König</a>, the influential and widely respected <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Vienna" title="Archbishop of Vienna">archbishop of Vienna</a>, individually suggested to his fellow electors a compromise candidate: the <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Polish</a> Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Karol_J%C3%B3zef_Wojty%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Karol Józef Wojtyła">Karol Józef Wojtyła</a>, whom König knew and by whom he was highly impressed. </p><p>Also among those cardinals who rallied behind Wojtyła were supporters of Siri, <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Wyszy%C5%84ski" title="Stefan Wyszyński">Stefan Wyszyński</a>, most of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> cardinals (led by <a href="/wiki/John_Krol" title="John Krol">John Krol</a>), and other <a href="/wiki/Moderate" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderate">moderate</a> cardinals. Wojtyła ultimately defeated Benelli (who was supposedly the candidate Wojtyła himself had voted for<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>) on the eighth ballot on the third day with, according to the Italian press, 99 votes from the 111 participating electors. He accepted his election with these words: "With obedience in faith to Christ, my Lord, and with trust in the Mother of Christ and the Church, in spite of great difficulties, I accept." The pope, in tribute to his immediate predecessor, then took the name of John Paul II. He became the first non-<a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> since <a href="/wiki/Adrian_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrian VI">Adrian VI</a>, who reigned from 1522 to 1523. </p><p>At 6:19 p.m. <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">local time</a> (17:19 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>), the white smoke rose from the chimney of the Sistine Chapel, announcing to the public that a new pope had been elected.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Protodeacon" title="Protodeacon">senior cardinal deacon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pericle_Felici" title="Pericle Felici">Pericle Felici</a>, after quickly checking the correct pronunciation of the new pope's <a href="/wiki/Polish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish name">Polish name</a> with Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Wyszy%C5%84ski" title="Stefan Wyszyński">Stefan Wyszyński</a>, gave the traditional <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/Habemus_Papam" class="mw-redirect" title="Habemus Papam">announcement</a> of Wojtyła's election from the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Paul II appeared on the balcony at 7:15, and while gripping the <a href="/wiki/Baluster" title="Baluster">balustrade</a>, delivered a brief speech before his first <i><a href="/wiki/Urbi_et_Orbi" title="Urbi et Orbi">Urbi et Orbi</a></i> blessing in Italian: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Praised be Jesus Christ! Dear brothers and sisters, we are still all very saddened by the death of the very dear Pope John Paul I. And now the most eminent cardinals have called a new bishop of Rome. They called him from a far-away country...far, but always near in the communion of faith and the Christian tradition. I was afraid in receiving this nomination, but I did it in the spirit of obedience to Our Lord and with total trust in his Mother, the Most Holy Madonna. I don't know if I can express myself well in your – in our – Italian language. But if I make a mistake, you will correct me. And so I introduce myself to you all, to confess our common faith, our hope, our trust in the Mother of Christ and of the Church, and also to begin again on this path of history and of the Church with the help of God and with that of men.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1978_papal_conclave&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="350px" align="right" style="border-collapse: collapse;"> <caption> <i><b>PAPAL CONCLAVE, OCTOBER 1978</b></i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa;">Duration </th> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">2 days </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa;">Number of ballots </th> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa;">8 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">Electors </th> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">111 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Present </th> <td align="center">111 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Absent </th> <td align="center">3 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Africa </th> <td align="center">12 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Latin America </th> <td align="center">16 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">North America </th> <td align="center">16 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Asia </th> <td align="center">9 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Europe </th> <td align="center">54 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Oceania </th> <td align="center">4 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f0f0f0;">Italians </th> <td align="center">25 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">DECEASED POPE </th> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">JOHN PAUL I (1978–1978) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">NEW POPE </th> <th colspan="1" style="background:#8888aa">JOHN PAUL II (1978–2005) </th></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1978_papal_conclave&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1978_papal_conclaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal electors for the 1978 papal conclaves">Cardinal electors for the 1978 papal conclaves</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1978_papal_conclave&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGibson2015" class="citation news cs1">Gibson, David (24 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151225043130/http://www.cruxnow.com/church/2015/12/24/cardinal-donald-wuerl-the-popes-man-in-washington/">"Cardinal Donald Wuerl: The pope's man in Washington"</a>. <i>Crux</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cruxnow.com/church/2015/12/24/cardinal-donald-wuerl-the-popes-man-in-washington/">the original</a> on 25 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crux&rft.atitle=Cardinal+Donald+Wuerl%3A+The+pope%27s+man+in+Washington&rft.date=2015-12-24&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cruxnow.com%2Fchurch%2F2015%2F12%2F24%2Fcardinal-donald-wuerl-the-popes-man-in-washington%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctober+1978+papal+conclave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlmade2008" class="citation news cs1">Almade, Frank D. (29 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120425150116/http://www.pittsburghcatholic.org/newsarticles_more.phtml?id=2301">"1978: With John Paul II, a new era began for the church"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Catholic Newspaper</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pittsburghcatholic.org/newsarticles_more.phtml?id=2301">the original</a> on 25 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Catholic+Newspaper&rft.atitle=1978%3A+With+John+Paul+II%2C+a+new+era+began+for+the+church&rft.date=2008-09-29&rft.aulast=Almade&rft.aufirst=Frank+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pittsburghcatholic.org%2Fnewsarticles_more.phtml%3Fid%3D2301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctober+1978+papal+conclave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReese1998" class="citation book cs1">Reese, Thomas (1998). <i>Inside the Vatican: The Politics and Organization of the Catholic Church</i>. Harvard University Press. pp. 91, 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-93261-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-93261-6"><bdi>978-0-674-93261-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Vatican%3A+The+Politics+and+Organization+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft.pages=91%2C+99&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-674-93261-6&rft.aulast=Reese&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctober+1978+papal+conclave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkle-Young1999" class="citation book cs1">Burkle-Young, Francis A. (1999). <i>Passing the Keys: Modern Cardinals, Conclaves, and the Election of the Next Pope</i>. Lanham, Md: Madison Books. p. 286. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781568332321" title="Special:BookSources/9781568332321"><bdi>9781568332321</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Passing+the+Keys%3A+Modern+Cardinals%2C+Conclaves%2C+and+the+Election+of+the+Next+Pope&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Md&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Madison+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781568332321&rft.aulast=Burkle-Young&rft.aufirst=Francis+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctober+1978+papal+conclave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallagher2003" class="citation news cs1">Gallagher, Delia (16 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/articles/white-smoke-over-the-sistine-and-music-in-st-peter-s/">"White Smoke Over the Sistine, and Music in St. Peter's"</a>. <i>Zenit</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zenit&rft.atitle=White+Smoke+Over+the+Sistine%2C+and+Music+in+St.+Peter%27s&rft.date=2003-10-16&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Delia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2Farticles%2Fwhite-smoke-over-the-sistine-and-music-in-st-peter-s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctober+1978+papal+conclave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Catholic-Pages. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-pages.com/pope/johnpaul2.asp">Pope John Paul II</a> April 2, 2005</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1978_papal_conclave&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930061325/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912229,00.html">A "Foreign" Pope</a> from <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)"><i>Time</i> Magazine</a>, 30 October 1978.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianchristianity.com/html/menachery/html/GeorgeMenachery.htm">"Exhilarating Roman Experiences of Prof. George Menachery"</a>, an Indian journalist's memoir of the conclave</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Papal_elections_and_conclaves_from_1061" title="Template:Papal elections and conclaves from 1061"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Papal_elections_and_conclaves_from_1061" title="Template talk:Papal elections and conclaves from 1061"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Papal_elections_and_conclaves_from_1061" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Papal elections and conclaves from 1061"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Papal_elections_and_conclaves" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_conclaves" title="List of papal conclaves">Papal elections and conclaves</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papal_selection_before_1059" title="Papal selection before 1059">Papal selection before 1059</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Papal conclave</a> (1274–1276, 1294–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Elections and<br />conclaves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1061_papal_election" title="1061 papal election">1061</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1073_papal_election" title="1073 papal election">1073</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1086_papal_election" title="1086 papal election">1086</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1088_papal_election" title="1088 papal election">1088</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1099_papal_election" title="1099 papal election">1099</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1118_papal_election" title="1118 papal election">1118</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1119_papal_election" title="1119 papal election">1119</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1124_papal_election" title="1124 papal election">1124</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1130_papal_election" title="1130 papal election">1130</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1143_papal_election" title="1143 papal election">1143</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1144_papal_election" title="1144 papal election">1144</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1145_papal_election" title="1145 papal election">1145</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1153_papal_election" title="1153 papal election">1153</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1154_papal_election" title="1154 papal election">1154</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1159_papal_election" title="1159 papal election">1159</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1181_papal_election" title="1181 papal election">1181</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1185_papal_election" title="1185 papal election">1185</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/October_1187_papal_election" title="October 1187 papal election">October 1187</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/December_1187_papal_election" title="December 1187 papal election">December 1187</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1191_papal_election" title="1191 papal election">1191</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1198_papal_election" title="1198 papal election">1198</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1216_papal_election" title="1216 papal election">1216</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1227_papal_election" title="1227 papal election">1227</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1241_papal_election" title="1241 papal election">1241</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1243_papal_election" title="1243 papal election">1243</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1254_papal_election" title="1254 papal election">1254</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1261_papal_election" title="1261 papal election">1261</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1264%E2%80%931265_papal_election" title="1264–1265 papal election">1264–1265</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1268%E2%80%931271_papal_election" title="1268–1271 papal election">1268–1271</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/January_1276_papal_conclave" title="January 1276 papal conclave">January 1276</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/July_1276_papal_conclave" title="July 1276 papal conclave">July 1276</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/September_1276_papal_election" title="September 1276 papal election">September 1276</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1277_papal_election" title="1277 papal election">1277</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1280%E2%80%931281_papal_election" title="1280–1281 papal election">1280–1281</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1285_papal_election" title="1285 papal election">1285</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1287%E2%80%931288_papal_election" title="1287–1288 papal election">1287–1288</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1292%E2%80%931294_papal_election" title="1292–1294 papal election">1292–1294</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1294_papal_conclave" title="1294 papal conclave">1294</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1303_papal_conclave" title="1303 papal conclave">1303</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1304%E2%80%931305_papal_conclave" title="1304–1305 papal conclave">1304–1305</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1314%E2%80%931316_papal_conclave" title="1314–1316 papal conclave">1314–1316</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1334_papal_conclave" title="1334 papal conclave">1334</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1342_papal_conclave" title="1342 papal conclave">1342</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1352_papal_conclave" title="1352 papal conclave">1352</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1362_papal_conclave" title="1362 papal conclave">1362</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1370_papal_conclave" title="1370 papal conclave">1370</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1378_papal_conclave" title="1378 papal conclave">1378</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1389_papal_conclave" title="1389 papal conclave">1389</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1404_papal_conclave" title="1404 papal conclave">1404</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1406_papal_conclave" title="1406 papal conclave">1406</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">1417</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1431_papal_conclave" title="1431 papal conclave">1431</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1447_papal_conclave" title="1447 papal conclave">1447</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1455_papal_conclave" title="1455 papal conclave">1455</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1458_papal_conclave" title="1458 papal conclave">1458</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1464_papal_conclave" title="1464 papal conclave">1464</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1471_papal_conclave" title="1471 papal conclave">1471</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1484_papal_conclave" title="1484 papal conclave">1484</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1492_papal_conclave" title="1492 papal conclave">1492</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/September_1503_papal_conclave" title="September 1503 papal conclave">September 1503</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1503_papal_conclaves" title="Cardinal electors for the 1503 papal conclaves">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/October_1503_papal_conclave" title="October 1503 papal conclave">October 1503</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1503_papal_conclaves" title="Cardinal electors for the 1503 papal conclaves">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1513_papal_conclave" title="1513 papal conclave">1513</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1521%E2%80%931522_papal_conclave" title="1521–1522 papal conclave">1521–1522</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1523_papal_conclave" title="1523 papal conclave">1523</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1534_papal_conclave" title="1534 papal conclave">1534</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1549%E2%80%931550_papal_conclave" title="1549–1550 papal conclave">1549–1550</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/April_1555_papal_conclave" title="April 1555 papal conclave">April 1555</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/May_1555_papal_conclave" title="May 1555 papal conclave">May 1555</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1559_papal_conclave" title="1559 papal conclave">1559</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1565%E2%80%931566_papal_conclave" title="1565–1566 papal conclave">1565–1566</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1572_papal_conclave" title="1572 papal conclave">1572</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1585_papal_conclave" title="1585 papal conclave">1585</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/September_1590_papal_conclave" title="September 1590 papal conclave">September 1590</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/October%E2%80%93December_1590_papal_conclave" title="October–December 1590 papal conclave">October–December 1590</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1591_papal_conclave" title="1591 papal conclave">1591</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1592_papal_conclave" title="1592 papal conclave">1592</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/March%E2%80%93April_1605_papal_conclave" title="March–April 1605 papal conclave">March–April 1605</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_March%E2%80%93April_1605_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the March–April 1605 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/May_1605_papal_conclave" title="May 1605 papal conclave">May 1605</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_May_1605_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the May 1605 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1621_papal_conclave" title="1621 papal conclave">1621</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1623_papal_conclave" title="1623 papal conclave">1623</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1644_papal_conclave" title="1644 papal conclave">1644</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1655_papal_conclave" title="1655 papal conclave">1655</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1667_papal_conclave" title="1667 papal conclave">1667</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1669%E2%80%931670_papal_conclave" title="1669–1670 papal conclave">1669–1670</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1676_papal_conclave" title="1676 papal conclave">1676</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1689_papal_conclave" title="1689 papal conclave">1689</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1691_papal_conclave" title="1691 papal conclave">1691</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1700_papal_conclave" title="1700 papal conclave">1700</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1721_papal_conclave" title="1721 papal conclave">1721</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1724_papal_conclave" title="1724 papal conclave">1724</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1730_papal_conclave" title="1730 papal conclave">1730</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1740_papal_conclave" title="1740 papal conclave">1740</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1758_papal_conclave" title="1758 papal conclave">1758</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1769_papal_conclave" title="1769 papal conclave">1769</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1774%E2%80%931775_papal_conclave" title="1774–1775 papal conclave">1774–1775</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1799%E2%80%931800_papal_conclave" title="1799–1800 papal conclave">1799–1800</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1823_papal_conclave" title="1823 papal conclave">1823</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1829_papal_conclave" title="1829 papal conclave">1829</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1830%E2%80%931831_papal_conclave" title="1830–1831 papal conclave">1830–1831</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1846_papal_conclave" title="1846 papal conclave">1846</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1878_papal_conclave" title="1878 papal conclave">1878</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1903_papal_conclave" title="1903 papal conclave">1903</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1914_papal_conclave" title="1914 papal conclave">1914</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1914_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the 1914 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1922_papal_conclave" title="1922 papal conclave">1922</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1922_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the 1922 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1939_papal_conclave" title="1939 papal conclave">1939</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1939_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the 1939 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1958_papal_conclave" title="1958 papal conclave">1958</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_for_the_1958_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors for the 1958 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1963_papal_conclave" title="1963 papal conclave">1963</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_1963_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors in the 1963 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/August_1978_papal_conclave" title="August 1978 papal conclave">August 1978</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_1978_papal_conclaves" title="Cardinal electors in the 1978 papal conclaves">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">October 1978</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_1978_papal_conclaves" title="Cardinal electors in the 1978 papal conclaves">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_papal_conclave" title="2005 papal conclave">2005</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_2005_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors in the 2005 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_papal_conclave" title="2013 papal conclave">2013</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_the_2013_papal_conclave" title="Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave">electors</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Governing<br />documents<br />(selected)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ubi_periculum" title="Ubi periculum">Ubi periculum</a></i> (1274)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Aeterni_Patris_Filius" title="Aeterni Patris Filius">Aeterni Patris Filius</a></i> (1621)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Cum_proxime" title="Cum proxime">Cum proxime</a></i> (1922)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ingravescentem_aetatem" title="Ingravescentem aetatem">Ingravescentem aetatem</a></i> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Romano_Pontifici_eligendo" title="Romano Pontifici eligendo">Romano Pontifici eligendo</a></i> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Universi_Dominici_gregis" title="Universi Dominici gregis">Universi Dominici gregis</a></i> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Papal_election_reforms_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI#De_aliquis_mutationibus_in_normis_de_electione_Romani_Pontificis" title="Papal election reforms of Pope Benedict XVI">De aliquis mutationibus in normis de electione Romani Pontificis</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Papal_election_reforms_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI#Normas_nonnullas" title="Papal election reforms of Pope Benedict XVI">Normas nonnullas</a></i> (2013)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Papal_elections" title="Category:Papal elections">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pope_John_Paul_II" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Template:Pope John Paul II"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Template talk:Pope John Paul II"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pope John Paul II"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pope_John_Paul_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow plainlist" colspan="2" style="background:gold;;line-height:1.4em;"><div> <ul><li>Born Karol Józef Wojtyła, 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005</li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–2005)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Archbishop of Kraków">Archbishop of Kraków</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1963–1978)</span></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Timeline</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_Wojty%C5%82a" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilia Wojtyła">Emilia Wojtyła <span style="font-size:85%;">(mother)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Wojty%C5%82a_(senior)" title="Karol Wojtyła (senior)">Karol Wojtyła <span style="font-size:85%;">(father)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Early life of Pope John Paul II">Early life</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papal conclave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II">Assassination attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II">Death and funeral</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dignitaries_at_the_state_funeral_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of dignitaries at the state funeral of Pope John Paul II">dignitaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatification_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Beatification of Pope John Paul II">Beatification</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canonization_of_Pope_John_XXIII_and_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Canonization of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II">canonization</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_paul_2_coa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms Pope John Paul II"><img alt="Coat of arms Pope John Paul II" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/John_paul_2_coa.svg/80px-John_paul_2_coa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/John_paul_2_coa.svg/120px-John_paul_2_coa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/John_paul_2_coa.svg/160px-John_paul_2_coa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms Pope John Paul II</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Acts as pope</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apologies_made_by_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of apologies made by Pope John Paul II">Apologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinals_created_by_John_Paul_II" title="Cardinals created by John Paul II">Cardinals created</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_declared_venerable_by_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of people declared venerable by Pope John Paul II">People venerated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_beatified_by_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of people beatified by Pope John Paul II">People beatified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_saints_canonized_by_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of saints canonized by Pope John Paul II">Saints canonized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_mediation_in_the_Beagle_conflict" title="Papal mediation in the Beagle conflict">Papal mediation in the Beagle conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pastoral_visits_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of pastoral visits of Pope John Paul II">Pastoral visits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visit_by_Pope_John_Paul_II_to_Ireland" title="Visit by Pope John Paul II to Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visits_by_Pope_John_Paul_II_to_Nicaragua" title="Visits by Pope John Paul II to Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_visit_by_Pope_John_Paul_II_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="1982 visit by Pope John Paul II to the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_of_the_Sick" title="World Day of the Sick">World Day of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Day" title="World Youth Day">World Youth Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II%27s_relations_with_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Pope John Paul II's relations with the Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_and_Judaism" title="Pope John Paul II and Judaism">Judaism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abb%C3%A0_Pater" title="Abbà Pater">Abbà Pater</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Criticism of Pope John Paul II">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Father_John_Paul_II_Family_Home,_Wadowice" title="Holy Father John Paul II Family Home, Wadowice">Family home <span style="font-size:85%;">(historic house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Health of Pope John Paul II">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Foundation" title="John Paul II Foundation">John Paul II Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of monuments of Pope John Paul II">Monuments</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Totus_tuus" title="Totus tuus">Totus tuus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><div id="BibliographyTeachings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_bibliography" title="Pope John Paul II bibliography">Bibliography</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Teachings_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Teachings of Pope John Paul II">Teachings</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">Apostolic constitutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacrae_disciplinae_leges" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacrae disciplinae leges">Sacrae disciplinae leges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Pastor bonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_corde_Ecclesiae" title="Ex corde Ecclesiae">Ex corde Ecclesiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Fidei depositum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universi_Dominici_gregis" title="Universi Dominici gregis">Universi Dominici gregis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Apostolic exhortations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catechesi_tradendae" title="Catechesi tradendae">Catechesi tradendae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiaris_consortio" title="Familiaris consortio">Familiaris consortio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptionis_Donum" class="mw-redirect" title="Redemptionis Donum">Redemptionis Donum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliatio_et_paenitentia" title="Reconciliatio et paenitentia">Reconciliatio et paenitentia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christifideles_laici" title="Christifideles laici">Christifideles laici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_custos" title="Redemptoris custos">Redemptoris custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastores_dabo_vobis" title="Pastores dabo vobis">Pastores dabo vobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_in_Africa" title="Ecclesia in Africa">Ecclesia in Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vita_consecrata" title="Vita consecrata">Vita consecrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Une_esp%C3%A9rance_nouvelle_pour_le_Liban" title="Une espérance nouvelle pour le Liban">Une espérance nouvelle pour le Liban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_in_America" title="Ecclesia in America">Ecclesia in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_in_Asia" title="Ecclesia in Asia">Ecclesia in Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_in_Oceania" title="Ecclesia in Oceania">Ecclesia in Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_in_Europa" title="Ecclesia in Europa">Ecclesia in Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastores_gregis" title="Pastores gregis">Pastores gregis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Ecclesiastical letters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominicae_cenae" title="Dominicae cenae">Dominicae cenae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvifici_doloris" title="Salvifici doloris">Salvifici doloris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulieris_dignitatem" title="Mulieris dignitatem">Mulieris dignitatem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinatio_sacerdotalis" title="Ordinatio sacerdotalis">Ordinatio sacerdotalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertio_millennio_adveniente" title="Tertio millennio adveniente">Tertio millennio adveniente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_to_Women" title="Letter to Women">Letter to Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_tuendam_fidem" title="Ad tuendam fidem">Ad tuendam fidem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novo_millennio_ineunte" title="Novo millennio ineunte">Novo millennio ineunte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misericordia_Dei" title="Misericordia Dei">Misericordia Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosarium_Virginis_Mariae" title="Rosarium Virginis Mariae">Rosarium Virginis Mariae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_rapido_sviluppo" title="Il rapido sviluppo">The Rapid Development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Encyclicals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redemptor_hominis" title="Redemptor hominis">Redemptor hominis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dives_in_misericordia" title="Dives in misericordia">Dives in misericordia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laborem_exercens" title="Laborem exercens">Laborem exercens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavorum_Apostoli" title="Slavorum Apostoli">Slavorum Apostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominum_et_vivificantem" title="Dominum et vivificantem">Dominum et vivificantem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_Mater" title="Redemptoris Mater">Redemptoris Mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sollicitudo_rei_socialis" title="Sollicitudo rei socialis">Sollicitudo rei socialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_missio" title="Redemptoris missio">Redemptoris missio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centesimus_annus" title="Centesimus annus">Centesimus annus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritatis_splendor" title="Veritatis splendor">Veritatis splendor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelium_vitae" title="Evangelium vitae">Evangelium vitae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ut_unum_sint" title="Ut unum sint">Ut unum sint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fides_et_ratio" title="Fides et ratio">Fides et ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_de_Eucharistia" title="Ecclesia de Eucharistia">Ecclesia de Eucharistia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_and_Responsibility" title="Love and Responsibility">Love and Responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossing_the_Threshold_of_Hope" title="Crossing the Threshold of Hope">Crossing the Threshold of Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_and_Identity" title="Memory and Identity">Memory and Identity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Jeweler%27s_Shop" title="The Jeweler's Shop">The Jeweler's Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_the_Body" title="Theology of the Body">Theology of the Body</a></li> <li><span class="noitalic">"<a href="/wiki/Roman_Triptych" title="Roman Triptych">Roman Triptych</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="noitalic"><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Testament of Pope John Paul II">Testament</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Documents endorsed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattuor_abhinc_annos" title="Quattuor abhinc annos">Quattuor abhinc annos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Remember:_A_Reflection_on_the_Shoah" title="We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah">We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominus_Iesus" title="Dominus Iesus">Dominus Iesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;;font-style:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Concert_to_Commemorate_the_Shoah" title="Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah">Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II%27s_political_views" title="Pope John Paul II's political views">Political views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scriptural_Way_of_the_Cross" title="Scriptural Way of the Cross">Scriptural Way of the Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><div id="Eponymous_placesIn_popular_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_after_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="List of places named after Pope John Paul II">Eponymous places</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_in_popular_culture" title="Pope John Paul II in popular culture">In popular culture</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Paul_II_Catholic_High_School_(Alabama)" title="St. John Paul II Catholic High School (Alabama)">Huntsville, AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Paul_II_Academy" title="Saint John Paul II Academy">Boca Raton, FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Paul_II_Catholic_High_School_(Florida)" title="St. John Paul II Catholic High School (Florida)">Tallahassee, FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_Catholic_High_School_(Louisiana)" title="Pope John Paul II Catholic High School (Louisiana)">Slidell, LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Paul_II_High_School_(Massachusetts)" title="St. John Paul II High School (Massachusetts)">Hyannis, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_High_School_(North_Carolina)" title="John Paul II Catholic High School (North Carolina)">Greenville, NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_High_School_(Pennsylvania)" title="Pope John Paul II High School (Pennsylvania)">Royersford, PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_High_School_(Tennessee)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope John Paul II High School (Tennessee)">Hendersonville, TN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Paul_II_High_School_(Corpus_Christi,_Texas)" title="St. John Paul II High School (Corpus Christi, Texas)">Corpus Christi, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_High_School_(Plano,_Texas)" title="John Paul II High School (Plano, Texas)">Plano, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_High_School_(Schertz,_Texas)" title="John Paul II Catholic High School (Schertz, Texas)">Schertz, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Paul_the_Great_Catholic_High_School" title="Saint John Paul the Great Catholic High School">Dumfries, VA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_High_School_(Washington)" title="Pope John Paul II High School (Washington)">Lacey, WA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Paul_II_Catholic_College" title="St John Paul II Catholic College"> Australia: Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_Secondary_School" title="John Paul II Catholic Secondary School">Canada: London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Paul_II_Catholic_Secondary_School" title="St. John Paul II Catholic Secondary School">Canada: Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_High_School,_Greymouth" title="John Paul II High School, Greymouth">New Zealand: Greymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_College,_Rotorua" title="John Paul College, Rotorua">New Zealand: Rotorua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_High_School_in_Tarn%C3%B3w" title="John Paul II High School in Tarnów">Poland: Tarnów</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Colleges</li><li>Universities</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_University_of_Lublin" title="John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin">John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Institute" title="John Paul II Institute">John Paul II Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Minor_Seminary" class="mw-redirect" title="John Paul II Minor Seminary">John Paul II Minor Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_the_Great_Catholic_University" title="John Paul the Great Catholic University">John Paul the Great Catholic University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_John_Paul_II" title="Pontifical University of John Paul II">Pontifical University of John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_College_of_Education" title="Pope John Paul II College of Education">Pope John Paul II College of Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Airports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bari_Karol_Wojty%C5%82a_Airport" title="Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport">Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Paulo_II_Airport" title="João Paulo II Airport">João Paulo II Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_John_Paul_II_International_Airport" title="Kraków John Paul II International Airport">John Paul II International Airport Kraków–Balice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Puente_del_Papa" title="El Puente del Papa">El Puente del Papa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Bridge,_Pu%C5%82awy" title="John Paul II Bridge, Puławy">John Paul II Bridge, Puławy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Pablo_II_Bridge" title="Juan Pablo II Bridge">Juan Pablo II Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Millennium_John_Paul_II_Bridge" title="Third Millennium John Paul II Bridge">Third Millennium John Paul II Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Other places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Paul_II_National_Shrine" title="Saint John Paul II National Shrine">Saint John Paul II National Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Paulus_II_Peninsula" title="Ioannes Paulus II Peninsula">Ioannes Paulus II Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Center_for_the_New_Evangelization" title="John Paul II Center for the New Evangelization">John Paul II Center for the New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Center_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="John Paul II Center for Interreligious Dialogue">John Paul II Center for Interreligious Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Foundation_for_Research_and_Treatment" title="John Paul II Foundation for Research and Treatment">John Paul II Foundation for Research and Treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_John_Paul_II_and_Primate_Wyszy%C5%84ski" title="Museum of John Paul II and Primate Wyszyński">Museum of John Paul II and Primate Wyszyński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_John_Paul_II_Collection" title="Museum of John Paul II Collection">Museum of John Paul II Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_Park_Reservation" title="Pope John Paul II Park Reservation">Pope John Paul II Park Reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_(film)" title="Pope John Paul II (film)">Pope John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Papal_Chase" title="The Papal Chase">The Papal Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Have_No_Fear:_The_Life_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Have No Fear: The Life of Pope John Paul II">Have No Fear: The Life of Pope John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pope%27s_Toilet" title="The Pope's Toilet">The Pope's Toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Days_that_Changed_the_World" title="Nine Days that Changed the World">Nine Days that Changed the World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">TV miniseries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_(miniseries)" title="Pope John Paul II (miniseries)">Pope John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol:_A_Man_Who_Became_Pope" title="Karol: A Man Who Became Pope">Karol: A Man Who Became Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol:_The_Pope,_The_Man" title="Karol: The Pope, The Man">Karol: The Pope, The Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Search_of_the_Pope%27s_Children" title="In Search of the Pope's Children">In Search of the Pope's Children</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;;width:1%">Other media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Planet_Is_Alive...Let_It_Live!" title="The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!">The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Rabbit" title="Red Rabbit">Red Rabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pope%27s_Children" title="The Pope's Children">The Pope's Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credo:_John_Paul_II" title="Credo: John Paul II">Credo: John Paul II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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#a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>October 1978 papal conclave</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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