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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kehidupan_awal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kehidupan_awal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kehidupan awal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kehidupan_awal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Karier</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karier-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Karier</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Karier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Masa_Kekaisaran_Rusia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masa_Kekaisaran_Rusia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Masa Kekaisaran Rusia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masa_Kekaisaran_Rusia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masa_Uni_Soviet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masa_Uni_Soviet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Masa Uni Soviet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masa_Uni_Soviet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Sastra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Sastra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Sastra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tahun-tahun_terakhir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tahun-tahun_terakhir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tahun-tahun terakhir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tahun-tahun_terakhir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karya-karya_pilihan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karya-karya_pilihan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Karya-karya pilihan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karya-karya_pilihan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Karya-karya pilihan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Karya-karya_pilihan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Puisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Puisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Puisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Puisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prosa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prosa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Prosa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prosa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terjemahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terjemahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Terjemahan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terjemahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Boris Leonidovich Pasternak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 104 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83" title="بوريس باسترناك – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوريس باسترناك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83" title="بوريس باسترناك – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوريس باسترناك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%ADs_Pasternak" title="Borís Pasternak – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Borís Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="بوریس پاسترناک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بوریس پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Пастернак Борис Леонидович – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пастернак Борис Леонидович" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Барыс Леанідавіч Пастарнак – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Барыс Леанідавіч Пастарнак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Барыс Пастарнак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Барыс Пастарнак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95" title="বরিস লেয়োনিদভিচ পাস্তের্নাক – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বরিস লেয়োনিদভিচ পাস্তের্নাক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%ADs_Pasternak" title="Borís Pasternak – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Borís Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="بۆریس پاستێرناک – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بۆریس پاستێرناک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovi%C4%8D_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Пастернак Борис Леонидович – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пастернак Борис Леонидович" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidowitsch_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidowitsch Pasternak – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Boris Leonidowitsch Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BA" title="Μπορίς Παστερνάκ – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπορίς Παστερνάκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%ADs_Pasternak" title="Borís Pasternak – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Borís Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boriss_Pasternak" title="Boriss Pasternak – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Boriss Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="بوریس پاسترناک – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوریس پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A7" title="בוריס פסטרנק – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בוריס פסטרנק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="बोरिस पास्तेरनाक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बोरिस पास्तेरनाक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidowi%C4%8D_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidowič Pasternak – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Boris Leonidowič Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borisz_Leonyidovics_Paszternak" title="Borisz Leonyidovics Paszternak – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Borisz Leonyidovics Paszternak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Բորիս Պաստեռնակ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բորիս Պաստեռնակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%ADs_Pasternak" title="Borís Pasternak – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Borís Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="ボリス・パステルナーク – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボリス・パステルナーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ბორის პასტერნაკი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბორის პასტერნაკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Леонидович Пастернак – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Борис Леонидович Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬೋರಿಸ್ ಪಾಸ್ಟರ್ನಾಕ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬೋರಿಸ್ ಪಾಸ್ಟರ್ನಾಕ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8C%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC" title="보리스 파스테르나크 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보리스 파스테르나크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C3%AEs_Pasternak" title="Borîs Pasternak – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Borîs Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternac" title="Boris Pasternac – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Boris Pasternac" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borisas_Pasternakas" title="Borisas Pasternakas – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Borisas Pasternakas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boriss_Pasternaks" title="Boriss Pasternaks – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Boriss Pasternaks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ബോറിസ് പാസ്തർനാക്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബോറിസ് പാസ്തർനാക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="बोरिस पास्तरनाक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बोरिस पास्तरनाक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Пастернак, Борис Леонидович – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Пастернак, Борис Леонидович" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="باریس پاسترناک – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="باریس پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95" title="ਬੋਰਿਸ ਪਾਸਤਰਨਾਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੋਰਿਸ ਪਾਸਤਰਨਾਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="بورس پاسترناک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بورس پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="باريس ولاديميروويچ پاسترناک – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="باريس ولاديميروويچ پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Пастернак, Борис Леонидович – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пастернак, Борис Леонидович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovi%C4%8D_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovi%C4%8D_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="போரிஸ் பாஸ்ரர்நாக் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரிஸ் பாஸ்ரர்நாக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Борис Пастернак – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Борис Пастернак" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Пастернак Борис Леонідович – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пастернак Борис Леонідович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="بورس پاسترناک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بورس پاسترناک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Boris Leonidovich Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%8D%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E6%8D%B7%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B" title="鲍里斯·帕斯捷尔纳克 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鲍里斯·帕斯捷尔纳克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ბორის პასტერნაკი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბორის პასტერნაკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A7" title="באריס פאסטערנאק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באריס פאסטערנאק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Boris Pasternak" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%8D%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E6%98%82%E5%B0%BC%E5%A4%9A%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E6%8D%B7%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B" title="鲍里斯·列昂尼多维奇·帕斯捷尔纳克 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鲍里斯·列昂尼多维奇·帕斯捷尔纳克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Leonidovi%C4%8D_Pasternak" title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Boris Leonidovič Pasternak" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%B4%8D%E5%85%8B" title="巴斯特納克 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴斯特納克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41223#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Boris Pasternak</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg/150px-Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg/225px-Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg/300px-Boris_Pasternak_with_family_1920s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Lahir</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1890-02-10</span>)</span>10 Februari 1890<br />Moscow, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Kekaisaran Rusia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Meninggal</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">30 Mei 1960<span style="display:none">(1960-05-30)</span> (umur 70)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peredelkino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peredelkino (halaman belum tersedia)">Peredelkino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Pekerjaan</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">penulis puisi, pengarang</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Karya terkenal</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i>My Sister Life</i>, <i>The Second Birth</i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Zhivago_(novel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctor Zhivago (novel) (halaman belum tersedia)">Doctor Zhivago</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Penghargaan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Sastra">Nobel Sastra</a></b> <br /> 1958 <br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Boris Leonidovich Pasternak</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Rusia" title="Bahasa Rusia">Rusia</a>: Борис Леонидович Пастернак, 29 Januari 1890 – 30 Mei 1960) ialah seorang <a href="/wiki/Penyair" title="Penyair">penyair</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Penulis" title="Penulis">penulis</a> <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> yang terkenal di dunia Barat karena novel epiknya <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr._Zhivago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dr. Zhivago (halaman belum tersedia)">Dr. Zhivago</a></i>, sebuah tragedi yang peristiwanya di seputar masa terakhir Kekaisaran Rusia dan hari-hari awal <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a>, dan pertama kali diterbitkan di Italia (terjemahan) pada 1957. Namun sebagai penulislah ia banyak diperingati di Rusia. <i>Saudariku, Hidup</i>, ditulis oleh Pasternak pada 1917, ialah kumpulan puisi paling berpengaruh yang diterbitkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Rusia" title="Bahasa Rusia">bahasa Rusia</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-20" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-20">abad ke-20</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kehidupan_awal">Kehidupan awal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Kehidupan awal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kehidupan awal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boris Pasternak lahir di <a href="/wiki/Moskow" title="Moskow">Moskow</a> dari sebuah <a href="/wiki/Keluarga" title="Keluarga">keluarga</a> <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-disambig" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> ber<a href="/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya">budaya</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ayah" title="Ayah">Ayahnya</a> Leonid adalah seorang <a href="/wiki/Profesor" title="Profesor">profesor</a> di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekolah_Melukis_Moskow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekolah Melukis Moskow (halaman belum tersedia)">Sekolah Melukis Moskow</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ilustrator" title="Ilustrator">ilustrator</a> karya-karya <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Leo Tolstoy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ibu" title="Ibu">Ibunya</a> Rosa Kaufman, adalah <a href="/wiki/Pianis" title="Pianis">pianis</a> <a href="/wiki/Konser" title="Konser">konser</a> terkenal. <a href="/wiki/Orang_tua" title="Orang tua">Orang tuanya</a> banyak menerima kunjungan dari para penulis, <a href="/wiki/Seniman" title="Seniman">seniman</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Intelektual" title="Intelektual">intelektual</a> <a href="/wiki/Moskwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Moskwa">Moskwa</a> terkemuka, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Komponis" title="Komponis">komponis</a> <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Sergei Rachmaninoff</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Scriabin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Scriabin (halaman belum tersedia)">Alexander Scriabin</a>, penyair dan <a href="/wiki/Dramawan" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramawan">dramawan</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Blok" title="Alexander Blok">Alexander Blok</a>, penulis <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Bely" title="Andrei Bely">Andrei Bely</a>, dan penyair <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rainer Maria Rilke</a>, yang tulisan-tulisannya akan banyak memengaruhi Pasternak. </p><p>Cinta pertama Pasternak ialah <a href="/wiki/Botani" title="Botani">botani</a> dan ke-2 ialah <a href="/wiki/Musik" title="Musik">musik</a>. Diilhami oleh Scriabin, Pasternak mempelajari komposisi selama 6 <a href="/wiki/Tahun" title="Tahun">tahun</a>, yang darinya 3 lagu piano yang telah diselesaikan terselamatkan. Pasternak memasuki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konservatorium_Moskow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konservatorium Moskow (halaman belum tersedia)">Konservatorium Moskow</a>, tetapi keluar pada <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a> karena ia kurang percaya diri dalam kecakapan teknisnya. Ia memasuki Fakultas Hukum di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_Moskow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas Moskow (halaman belum tersedia)">Universitas Moskow</a> dan kemudian belajar <a href="/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat">filsafat</a> di <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Marburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitas Marburg">Universitas Marburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>. Akhirnya ia mendapatkan karier akademik, kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Kekaisaran Rusia</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> untuk meneruskan <a href="/wiki/Puisi" title="Puisi">puisinya</a>. Ia tidak berhasil dalam 10 tahun berikutnya. </p><p>Tidak bisa berdinas dalam <a href="/wiki/Militer" title="Militer">militer</a> karena terjatuh dari <a href="/wiki/Kuda" title="Kuda">kuda</a> yang membuat sebelah <a href="/wiki/Kaki" title="Kaki">kakinya</a> lebih pendek, Pasternak melewatkan masa <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a> dengan bekerja sebagai juru tulis di pabrik kimia jauh di timur Moskow. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karier">Karier</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Karier" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karier"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Masa_Kekaisaran_Rusia">Masa <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Kekaisaran Rusia</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Masa Kekaisaran Rusia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masa Kekaisaran Rusia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Debut puisi Pasternak adalah <i>Kembar dalam Awan</i> (<a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>), diterbitkan oleh Lirika, sebuah perusahaan penerbitan kooperatif yang dibentuknya bersama 7 penyair. Saat Lirikia bubar, Pasternak bergabung dengan kelompok <a href="/wiki/Futurisme" title="Futurisme">futuris</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsentrifuga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsentrifuga (halaman belum tersedia)">Tsentrifuga</a>, yang membuang tradisi demi inovasi dalam gaya dan persoalan dengan para penyair seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sergei_Bobrov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sergei Bobrov (halaman belum tersedia)">Sergei Bobrov</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mayakovsky" title="Vladimir Mayakovsky">Vladimir Mayakovsky</a>. Meski dipengaruhi unsur-unsur kota, simbolis, dan futuris, puisi-puisi awal Pasternak berbeda karena <a href="/wiki/Aliterasi" title="Aliterasi">aliterasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rima" title="Rima">rima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irama" class="mw-redirect" title="Irama">irama</a>, dan penggunaan <a href="/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora">metafora</a> . </p><p>Ia menulis 2 <a href="/wiki/Buku" title="Buku">buku</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>, <i>Saudariku, Hidup</i> serta Tema dan Variasi. <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolusi Bolshevik">Revolusi Bolshevik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/PD_I" class="mw-redirect" title="PD I">PD I</a> menunda kemunculannya selama 5 <a href="/wiki/Tahun" title="Tahun">tahun</a>, selama saat di mana ia menerjemahkan <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">drama</a>-drama <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Heinrich von Kleist</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ben Johnson">Ben Johnson</a> serta <a href="/wiki/Syair" title="Syair">syair</a>-syari karya para <a href="/wiki/Ekspresionis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspresionis">ekspresionis</a> Jerman. Saat diterbitkan pada <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>, <i>Saudariku, Hidup</i> memperoleh tempatnya di antara penulis utama masa itu. Bahasa <a href="/wiki/Tamsil" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamsil">tamsil</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Idiom" title="Idiom">idiomatiknya</a> yang subur bertolak belakang dengan bentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quatrin (halaman belum tersedia)">quatrinnya</a> yang disiplin. Pada tahun yang sama Pasternak menikahi <a href="/wiki/Mahasiswi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahasiswi">mahasiswi</a> Lembaga Seni Evgeniya Lurye dan membawanya ke <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> untuk tinggal dengan keluarganya, yang akan tetap menampung mereka. Inilah terakhir kali Pasternak melihatnya, karena lamaran izin berkunjungnya yang berulang-ulang ditolak. Pada <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>, pasangan ini dikaruniai anak lelaki bernama Evgenii. Akhirnya Pasternak menerbitkan <i>Tema dan Variasi</i> pada tahun yang sama. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Masa_Uni_Soviet">Masa <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Masa Uni Soviet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masa Uni Soviet"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Meski awalnya Pasternak menyambut baik <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolusi Bolshevik">Revolusi Bolshevik</a>, kebrutalan pemerintahan baru itu membuatnya takut, sebuah pembalikan yang dinyatakan dalam kumpulannya <i>Jalan Udara</i> (<a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>), yang menunjukkan sikap tak acuhnya pada politik sebagai <a href="/wiki/Manusia" title="Manusia">manusia</a> utama dan perhatian seniman. <a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_Uni_Soviet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemerintahan Uni Soviet">Pemerintahan Uni Soviet</a> yang baru itu di bawah <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a> menyatakan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Seni" title="Seni">seni</a> harus memotivasi perubahan politik sedangkan Pasternak berpendapat bahwa seni berfokus pada kebenaran abadi daripada perhatian historis atau sosial. Atas sikapnya, ia menjadi pahlawan diam di antara para intelektual <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a>. Tinggal di <a href="/wiki/Rumah_susun" title="Rumah susun">rumah susun</a> yang hiruk pikuk di <a href="/wiki/Moskva" class="mw-redirect" title="Moskva">Moskva</a>, ia terus pusi pendek, tetapi hingga pada kepercayaan bahwa penyair dan seniman tidak memiliki tempat yang pasti di masyarakat dan hanya bisa hidup sebagai orang luar. Selama <a href="/wiki/1920-an" title="1920-an">1920-an</a> puisinya berubah dari lirik ke bentuk naratif dan epik, menyebutkan <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Rusia_1905" title="Revolusi Rusia 1905">Revolusi Rusia 1905</a> di <i>Penyakit Agung</i> (<a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>), <i>Letnan Schmidt</i> (<a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a>), dan <i>Tahun 1905</i> (1927). </p><p>Gebrakan pertama Pasternak ke dalam prosa, <i>Spektorsky</i> (<a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>), menunjukkan pandangan dari kehidupan seorang penyair muda, yang menerima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasifitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasifitas (halaman belum tersedia)">pasifitas</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Fatalisme" title="Fatalisme">fatalisme</a> historis penulisnya sendiri dalam menghadapi Revolusi. Saat banyak penulis dan seniman patah semangat dan tergoda untuk <a href="/wiki/Bunuh_diri" title="Bunuh diri">bunuh diri</a>, Pasternak percaya bahwa para penyair harus terus berkarya saat seni dan malahan <a href="/wiki/Spiritualisme" title="Spiritualisme">spiritualisme</a> tak lama bertahan. Ia menunjukkan teori ini melalui metafora "kelahiran kedua" judul kumpulan puisinya tahun <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>. Pasternak telah dikritik karena keberpusatan pada diri sendiri, sebuah sentimen yang diwujudkan dalam perkataan populer, "Segalanya berubah di bawah <a href="/wiki/Zodiak" title="Zodiak">zodiak</a> kita, hanya Pasternak yang tetap Pasternak." Sementara terlupa pada teror yang berlangsung di sekelilingnya, ia kebal akan dampaknya pada karyanya, berharap untuk menciptakan sesuatu yang teramat sangat. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Syair" title="Syair">Syair</a> cinta <i>Kelahiran Kedua</i> juga menunjukkan perubahan dalam kehidupan pribadi Pasternak: ia jatuh cinta kepada Zinaida Neigauz, <a href="/wiki/Istri" title="Istri">istri</a> komponis Jerman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genrikh_Neigauz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genrikh Neigauz (halaman belum tersedia)">Genrikh Neigauz</a>. Akhirnya ia meninggalkan Evgeniya dan menikahi Zinaida. Sementara puisi-puisi itu mengekspresikan optimisme yang baru ditemukan dan rekonsiliasi unsur lirik dan sosial, kelahiran kembali kesenimanannya berumur pendek. <i>Kelahiran Kedua</i> dan <a href="/wiki/Otobiografi" class="mw-redirect" title="Otobiografi">otobiografinya</a> <i>Tindakan Penyelamatan</i> (1931) ialah karya asli terakhir Pasternak sebelum <a href="/wiki/Negara" title="Negara">negara</a> melarangnya untuk menerbitkan, menganggap karya-karyanya tidak sesuai dengan tujuan <a href="/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme">komunisme</a>. Pasternak terpaksa menjadi <a href="/wiki/Penerjemah" class="mw-redirect" title="Penerjemah">penerjemah</a> sebagai <a href="/wiki/Mata_pencaharian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mata pencaharian">mata pencahariannya</a> yang lebih aman, bergelut dengan karya-karya klasik <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a>, Rilke, <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Paul_Verlaine" title="Paul Verlaine">Paul Verlaine</a>. Berhasil dan imbang, ia bisa membeli sebuah <a href="/wiki/Rumah" title="Rumah">rumah</a> di sebuah <a href="/wiki/Desa" title="Desa">desa</a> tepat di luar Moskow pada <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>, yang akan menjadi rumah utamanya selama sisa hidupnya. Di akhir <a href="/wiki/1940-an" title="1940-an">1940-an</a>, ia juga menerjemahkan tragedi utama Shakespeare, dan ini tetap menjadi versi standar yang digunakan di Rusia. </p><p>Selama <a href="/wiki/PD_II" class="mw-redirect" title="PD II">PD II</a>, saat pasukan <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a> berbaris ke Uni Soviet, Pasternak menerbitkan 2 kumpulan puisi baru, <i>Pada Awalnya</i> (<a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>) dan <i>Bumi yang Luas</i> (<a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>). Pada 1945, <a href="/wiki/Putera" class="mw-redirect" title="Putera">puteranya</a> dengan Zinaida, Adrian, meninggal, sebuah kehilangan yang membuatnya kehilangan dan kurang bergembira. Pada tahun berikutnya Pasternak jatuh cinta dengan Olga Ivinskaya, yang sejak itu menjadi <a href="/wiki/Isteri" class="mw-redirect" title="Isteri">isteri</a> <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>-nya, meski ia tetap tinggal se<a href="/wiki/Atap" title="Atap">atap</a> dengan Zinaida. Olga mengilhami puisi-puisi cintanya kelak dan menjadi prototipe Lara di <i>Dr. Zhivago</i>. </p><p>Pasternak adalah salah satu penyair yang jarang terkenal semasa hidupnya. Jika ia melupakan satu macam di salah satu puisinya selama membaca, keriuhan akan membantunya. Selama perang, <a href="/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">surat</a>-surat yang diterimanya dari garis depan mengingatkannya pada pencapaian yang telah dicapai <a href="/wiki/Suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Suara">suaranya</a>. Ia tidak ingin kehilangan kontak ini dengan massa maka Pasternak mulai mengerjakan <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a> yang memuja kebebasan, kemerdekaan, dan kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Agama_Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Kristen">agama Kristen</a> yang akan menjadi <i>Dr. Zhivago</i>. Mendasarkan ceritanya pada pengalamannya sendiri pada masa perang dan revolusi, Pasternak menggunakan Yuri Zhivago sebagai corong kepercayaan filsafat dan artistiknya. Ia menampilkan ketidakmampuan Zhivago untuk memengaruhi nasibnya sebagai suatu kesalahan, tetapi sebagai tanda bahwa ia diperuntukkan untuk menjadi saksi artistik atas tragedi di usianya. Dengan teliti sang <a href="/wiki/Pengarang" title="Pengarang">pengarang</a> mengidentifikasi kesulitan Zhivago dengan kesulitan <a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a>. </p><p>Himpitan <a href="/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi">ideologi</a> pemerintahan pascaperang memaksa Pasternak mengerjakan karyanya diam-diam. Ditolak di Uni Soviet, <i>Dr. Zhivago</i> diselundupkan ke <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Barat" title="Dunia Barat">dunia Barat</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> dan pertama kali diterbitkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Italia" title="Bahasa Italia">bahasa Italia</a> dan kemudian dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a>. Novel epik tentang kehidupan dan cinta seorang <a href="/wiki/Dokter" title="Dokter">dokter</a> dan penyair Yuri Zhivago selama pergolakan politik di Rusia pada <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-20" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-20">abad ke-20</a> dinyatakan sebagai gabungan gaya lirik, deskriptif, dan dramatik epik yang berhasil. Buku itu, yang berakhir dengan sebuah siklus puisi Zhivago, diterjemahkan ke dalam 18 <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Sastra"><a href="/wiki/Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra">Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada <a href="/wiki/Oktober" title="Oktober">Oktober</a> 1958, Pasternak dianugerahi <a href="/wiki/Hadiah_Nobel_dalam_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadiah Nobel dalam Sastra">Hadiah Nobel dalam Sastra</a><sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, "untuk pencapaian pentingnya dalam puisi lirik kontemporer dan di bidang tradisi epik Rusia." <a href="/wiki/Pemerintah_Uni_Soviet" title="Pemerintah Uni Soviet">Pemerintah Uni Soviet</a>, yang tak senang dengan penggambaran kehidupan yang keras di bawah komunisme, memaksanya menolak <a href="/wiki/Penghargaan_Nobel_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Penghargaan Nobel Sastra">Penghargaan Nobel Sastra</a> dan mengeluarkannya dari Persatuan Penulis Uni Soviet. Meski tak dikirim ke pembuangan atau penahanan, semua terbitan terjemahannya tertunda dan ia jatuh miskin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tahun-tahun_terakhir">Tahun-tahun terakhir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Tahun-tahun terakhir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tahun-tahun terakhir"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ia menulis buku lengkap terakhirnya <i>Saat Udara Cerah</i>, pada <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>. Di <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a> itu, ia memulai <i>Kecantikan yang Buta</i>, sebuah drama tentang seorang seniman yang diperbudak selama masa perbudakan di Rusia, tetapi jatuh sakit akibat <a href="/wiki/Kanker_paru-paru" title="Kanker paru-paru">kanker paru-paru</a> sebelum ia menyelesaikannya. Pasternak meninggal di rumahnya di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peredelkino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peredelkino (halaman belum tersedia)">Peredelkino</a>, pada <a href="/wiki/Malam" title="Malam">malam</a> 30 Mei 1960. Saat mendengar kematiannya, ribuan orang berdatangan dari Moskow untuk menghadiri pemakannya. Bagi <a href="/wiki/Orang_Rusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Rusia">orang Rusia</a>, ia tetap menjadi lambang perlawanan terhadap teror dan penindasan. </p><p>Pada <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>, Persatuan Penulis Soviet mendudukan Pasternak kembali secara anumerta, membuat penerbitan <i>Dr. Zhivago</i> di Uni Soviet menjadi mungkin. <a href="/wiki/Putera" class="mw-redirect" title="Putera">Putera</a> Pasternak, Evgenii, menerima <a href="/wiki/Medali" title="Medali">medali</a> <a href="/wiki/Penghargaan_Nobel" title="Penghargaan Nobel">Penghargaan Nobel</a> atas peringatan <a href="/wiki/Ayah" title="Ayah">ayahnya</a> di <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karya-karya_pilihan">Karya-karya pilihan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Karya-karya pilihan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karya-karya pilihan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Puisi">Puisi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Puisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Puisi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Kembar di Awan</i> (<a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>)</li> <li><i>Di Atas Penghalang</i> (<a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><i>Tema dan Variasi</i> (1917)</li> <li><i>Saudariku, Hidup</i> (1922)</li> <li><i>Di Kereta Awal</i> (<a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)</li> <li><i>Saat Udara Cerah</i> (1959)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prosa">Prosa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Prosa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Prosa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Tindakan Penyelamatan</i> (1931)</li> <li><i>Kelahiran Kedua</i> (1932)</li> <li><i>Masa Kecil</i> (<a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><i>Esai dalam Otobiografi</i> (<a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>)</li> <li><i>Dr. Zhivago</i> (<a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terjemahan">Terjemahan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Terjemahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Terjemahan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Terjemahan Shakespears oleh Boris Pasternak</i> (<a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kurnia, Anton (2019). <i>Ensiklopedia Sastra Dunia</i>. Yogyakarta: Diva Press. hlm. 59. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-391-662-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-391-662-7">978-602-391-662-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ensiklopedia+Sastra+Dunia&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Diva+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-602-391-662-7&rft.aulast=Kurnia&rft.aufirst=Anton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABoris+Leonidovich+Pasternak" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/zhivago/ei_pasternak.html">Masterpiece Theatre |doctor Zhivago |essays + Interviews |boris Pasternak</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605181725/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/zhivago/ei_pasternak.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2016-06-05 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Sastra" title="Templat:Nobel Sastra"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Nobel_Sastra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Nobel Sastra (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nobel_Sastra&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Penerima_Penghargaan_Nobel_dalam_Bidang_Sastra" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_penerima_Nobel_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar penerima Nobel Sastra">Penerima</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Sastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Sastra">Penghargaan Nobel dalam Bidang Sastra</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sully_Prudhomme" title="Sully Prudhomme">Sully Prudhomme</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rnstjerne_Martinus_Bj%C3%B8rnson" title="Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson">Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson</a> (1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mistral" title="Frédéric Mistral">Frédéric Mistral</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Echegaray" class="mw-redirect" title="José Echegaray">José Echegaray</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Sienkiewicz" class="mw-redirect" title="Henryk Sienkiewicz">Henryk Sienkiewicz</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giosu%C3%A8_Carducci" title="Giosuè Carducci">Giosuè Carducci</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken">Rudolf Eucken</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f" title="Selma Lagerlöf">Selma Lagerlöf</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Heyse">Paul Heyse</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maurice Maeterlinck</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a> (1913)</li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1914</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam" title="Verner von Heidenstam">Verner von Heidenstam</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Adolph_Gjellerup" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Adolph Gjellerup">Karl Gjellerup</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a> (1917)</li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1918</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Spitteler" title="Carl Spitteler">Carl Spitteler</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Knut Hamsun</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatole_France" title="Anatole France">Anatole France</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinto_Benavente" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacinto Benavente">Jacinto Benavente</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Butler_Yeats" title="William Butler Yeats">William Butler Yeats</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Reymont" title="Władysław Reymont">Władysław Reymont</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> (1925)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grazia_Deledda" title="Grazia Deledda">Grazia Deledda</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Undset" title="Sigrid Undset">Sigrid Undset</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinclair Lewis">Sinclair Lewis</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt" title="Erik Axel Karlfeldt">Erik Axel Karlfeldt</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Galsworthy" title="John Galsworthy">John Galsworthy</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Bunin" title="Ivan Bunin">Ivan Bunin</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a> (1934)</li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1935</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">Eugene O'Neill</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Martin_du_Gard" title="Roger Martin du Gard">Roger Martin du Gard</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Eemil_Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Frans Eemil Sillanpää">Frans Eemil Sillanpää</a> (1939)</li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1940</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1941</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1942</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1943</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_V._Jensen" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes V. Jensen">Johannes V. Jensen</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Mistral" title="Gabriela Mistral">Gabriela Mistral</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hermann Hesse</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">André Gide</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist" class="mw-redirect" title="Pär Lagerkvist">Pär Lagerkvist</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mauriac" class="mw-redirect" title="François Mauriac">François Mauriac</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_Laxness" class="mw-redirect" title="Halldór Laxness">Halldór Laxness</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Ramón Jiménez">Juan Ramón Jiménez</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Quasimodo" title="Salvatore Quasimodo">Salvatore Quasimodo</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-John_Perse" title="Saint-John Perse">Saint-John Perse</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Ivo Andrić</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck" class="mw-redirect" title="John Steinbeck">John Steinbeck</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Giorgos Seferis</a> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> (1964, ditolak)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Sholokhov" title="Mikhail Sholokhov">Mikhail Sholokhov</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Yosef_Agnon" class="mw-redirect" title="Shmuel Yosef Agnon">Shmuel Yosef Agnon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Miguel Ángel Asturias</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata">Yasunari Kawabata</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn" title="Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn">Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick White">Patrick White</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyvind_Johnson" title="Eyvind Johnson">Eyvind Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Martinson">Harry Martinson</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Montale" title="Eugenio Montale">Eugenio Montale</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_P%C3%ADo_Marcelino_Cirilo_Aleixandre_y_Merlo" title="Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo">Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Odysseas Elytis</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czes%C5%82aw_Mi%C5%82osz" title="Czesław Miłosz">Czesław Miłosz</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding">William Golding</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Jaroslav Seifert</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Simon" title="Claude Simon">Claude Simon</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wole_Soyinka" title="Wole Soyinka">Wole Soyinka</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naguib_Mahfouz" title="Naguib Mahfouz">Naguib Mahfouz</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Camilo José Cela</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavio_Paz" title="Octavio Paz">Octavio Paz</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Nadine Gordimer</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Walcott" class="mw-redirect" title="Derek Walcott">Derek Walcott</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Kenzaburō Ōe</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wis%C5%82awa_Szymborska" title="Wisława Szymborska">Wisława Szymborska</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Fo" title="Dario Fo">Dario Fo</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saramago" class="mw-redirect" title="José Saramago">José Saramago</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–<i>kini</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Naipaul" class="mw-redirect" title="V. S. Naipaul">V. S. Naipaul</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Kert%C3%A9sz" title="Imre Kertész">Imre Kertész</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._Coetzee" class="mw-redirect" title="J. M. Coetzee">J. M. Coetzee</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhan_Pamuk" title="Orhan Pamuk">Orhan Pamuk</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Lessing" title="Doris Lessing">Doris Lessing</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Gustave_Le_Cl%C3%A9zio" title="Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio">Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Munro" title="Alice Munro">Alice Munro</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Modiano" title="Patrick Modiano">Patrick Modiano</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Alexievich" title="Svetlana Alexievich">Svetlana Alexievich</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ishiguro" title="Kazuo Ishiguro">Kazuo Ishiguro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Tokarczuk" title="Olga Tokarczuk">Olga Tokarczuk</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Gluck" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Gluck">Louise Gluck</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulrazak_Gurnah" title="Abdulrazak Gurnah">Abdulrazak Gurnah</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Ernaux" title="Annie Ernaux">Annie Ernaux</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Olav_Fosse" title="Jon Olav Fosse">Jon Olav Fosse</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Kang" title="Han Kang">Han Kang</a> (2024)</li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Sastra" title="Templat:Nobel Sastra">Nobel Sastra</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Fisika" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Nobel Fisika">Nobel Fisika</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Fisiologi_atau_Kedokteran" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran">Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Kimia" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Nobel Kimia">Nobel Kimia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Ekonomi" title="Templat:Nobel Ekonomi">Nobel Ekonomi</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Perdamaian" title="Templat:Nobel Perdamaian">Nobel Perdamaian</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41223#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41223#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41223#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118591940">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121020930">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/68933968">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/68933968">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90052002">Norwegia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000035348">Chili</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1643941">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119187378">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119187378">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10135273">Catalunya</a></span></li> <li><span class="error">The ICCU id CFIV023097 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79018438">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000000853&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00452237">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990210479&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36104894">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record171460">Yunani</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000103678&local_base=nlx10">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nl.go.kr/authorities/resource/KAC199621157">Korea</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.bibnat.ro:8991/F/?func=direct&local_base=NLR10&doc_number=000346373">Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000005171&local_base=nsk10">Kroasia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p067551823">Belanda</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810572295205606">Polandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000110884&CON_LNG=ENG">Rusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/209950">Swedia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_195623">Vatikan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basis data ilmiah</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00848207?l=en">CiNii (Jepang)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/31300/">Faceted Application of Subject Terminology</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/MBA_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MBA (identifier)">MusicBrainz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/8c9ca3ca-fe4b-425c-b4aa-88dbd2f20768">artist</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RERO_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (identifier)">RERO (Swiss)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A021721045">1</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A022634142">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6154kh4">Social Networks and Archival Context</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)">SUDOC (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027059863">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trove_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trove (identifier)">Trove (Australia)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1213037">1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" 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