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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <p>A <b>manor house</b> was historically the main residence of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lord of the manor">lord of the manor</a>. The house formed the administrative centre of a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manorialism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manorialism">manor</a> in the European <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Feudal_system?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Feudal system">feudal system</a>; within its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great hall">great hall</a> were usually held the lord's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manorial_court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manorial court">manorial courts</a>, communal meals with manorial tenants and great banquets. The term is today loosely (though erroneously) applied to various <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_country_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English country house">English country houses</a>, mostly at the smaller end of the spectrum, sometimes dating from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a>, which currently or formerly house the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Landed_gentry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Landed gentry">landed gentry</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg/310px-The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg/465px-The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg/620px-The_Abbey_Sutton_Courtenay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="936"></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Abbey,_Sutton_Courtenay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Abbey, Sutton Courtenay">The Abbey, Sutton Courtenay</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oxfordshire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a> (previously <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkshire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a>), considered to be a "textbook" example of the English medieval manor house </figcaption> </figure> <p>Manor houses were sometimes <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fortified_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fortified house">fortified</a>, albeit not as fortified as castles, but this was often more for show than for defence. They existed in most European countries where feudalism was present.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Function"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Function</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Architecture"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Architecture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History_in_England"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">History in England</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Decline_of_the_manor_house"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Decline of the manor house</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Naming"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Naming</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Similar_constructions"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Similar constructions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#In_other_jurisdictions"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">In other jurisdictions</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#France"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">France</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Germany"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Germany</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Netherlands"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Netherlands</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Poland"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Poland</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Portugal"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Portugal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Spain"><span class="tocnumber">6.6</span> <span class="toctext">Spain</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#United_States"><span class="tocnumber">6.7</span> <span class="toctext">United States</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Function" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>does not <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/Manor house">improve this section</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lord of the manor">lord of the manor</a> may have held several properties within a county or, for example in the case of a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_feudal_barony?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English feudal barony">feudal baron</a>, spread across a kingdom, which he occupied only on occasional visits. Even so, the business of the manor was directed and controlled by regular manorial courts, which appointed manorial officials such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bailiff?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bailiff">bailiff</a>, granted <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Copyhold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Copyhold">copyhold</a> leases to tenants, resolved disputes between manorial tenants and administered justice in general. A large and suitable building was required within the manor for such purpose, generally in the form of a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great hall">great hall</a>, and a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solar_(room)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solar (room)">solar</a> might be attached to form accommodation for the lord.</p> <p>The produce of a small manor might be insufficient to feed a lord and his large family for a full year, and thus he would spend only a few months at each manor and move on to another where stores had been laid up. This also gave the opportunity for the vacated manor house to be cleaned, especially important in the days of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cesspit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cesspit">cess-pit</a>, and repaired. Thus such non-resident lords needed to appoint a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Steward_(office)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Steward (office)">steward</a> or <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seneschal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seneschal">seneschal</a></i> to act as their deputy in such matters and to preside at the manorial courts of his different manorial properties. The day-to-day administration was carried out by a resident official in authority at each manor, who in England was called a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bailiff?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bailiff">bailiff</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reeve_(England)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reeve (England)">reeve</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Architecture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/Manor house">improve this article</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg/220px-Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg/220px-Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg/330px-Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg/440px-Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Markenfield_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Markenfield Hall">Markenfield Hall</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Yorkshire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Yorkshire">North Yorkshire</a>, a 14th-century manor house with moat and gatehouse </figcaption> </figure> <p>Although not typically built with strong fortifications as were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castle">castles</a>, many manor-houses were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fortified_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fortified house">fortified</a>, which required a royal <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Licence_to_crenellate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Licence to crenellate">licence to crenellate</a>. They were often enclosed within walls or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ditch_(fortification)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ditch (fortification)">ditches</a> which often also included agricultural buildings. Arranged for defence against roaming bands of robbers and thieves,<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in days long before police, they were often surrounded by a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moat">moat</a> with a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drawbridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drawbridge">drawbridge</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were equipped with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gatehouse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gatehouse">gatehouses</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Watchtowers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Watchtowers">watchtowers</a>, but not, as for castles, with a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keep?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keep">keep</a>, large towers or lofty curtain walls designed to withstand a siege. The primary feature of the manor house was its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great hall">great hall</a>, to which subsidiary apartments were added as the lessening of feudal warfare permitted more peaceful domestic life.</p> <p>By the beginning of the 16th century, manor houses as well as small castles began to acquire the character and amenities of the residences of country gentlemen, and many defensive elements were dispensed with, for example <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sutton_Place,_Surrey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sutton Place, Surrey">Sutton Place</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Surrey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1521</span>. A late 16th-century transformation produced many of the smaller <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renaissance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Châteaux">châteaux</a> of France and the numerous country mansions of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elizabethan_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elizabethan architecture">Elizabethan</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacobean_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacobean architecture">Jacobean</a> styles in England. These would eventually evolve into <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_country_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English country house">country houses</a> with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Estate_(land)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Estate (land)">estate</a> replacing the manor.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="History_in_England">History in England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: History in England" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Manor houses were often built in close proximity to the village for ease, as they served not just as a home for the lord of the manor, but as a centre of administration for those who lived or travelled within the bounds of the manor. In some instances they needed to be able to hold meetings of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manorial_court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manorial court">Manorial court</a>.</p> <p>Nearly every large medieval manor house had its own <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deer_park_(England)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deer park (England)">deer-park</a> adjoining, imparked (i.e. enclosed) by royal licence, which served primarily as a store of food in the form of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venison">venison</a>. Within these licensed parks deer could not be hunted by royalty (with its huge travelling entourage which needed to be fed and entertained), nor by neighbouring land-owners nor by any other persons.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG/220px-IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6558" data-file-height="4386"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG/220px-IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG/330px-IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG/440px-IGHTHAM_MOTE_The_east_and_north_fronts.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ightham_Mote?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ightham Mote">Ightham Mote</a>, a 14th-century moated manor house in Kent, England </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Decline_of_the_manor_house">Decline of the manor house</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Decline of the manor house" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Before around 1600, larger houses were usually fortified, generally for true defensive purposes but increasingly, as the kingdom became internally more peaceable after the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wars_of_the_Roses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wars of the Roses">Wars of the Roses</a>, as a form of status symbol, reflecting the position of their owners as having been worthy to receive royal <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Licence_to_crenellate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Licence to crenellate">licence to crenellate</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tudor_period?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tudor period">Tudor period</a> (16th century) of stability in England saw the building of the first of the unfortified <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great house">great houses</a>, for example <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sutton_Place,_Surrey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sutton Place, Surrey">Sutton Place</a> in Surrey, circa 1521.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Monasteries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolution of the Monasteries">Dissolution of the Monasteries</a> under King <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</a> resulted in many former monastical properties being sold to the King's favourites, who then converted them into private country houses, examples being <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Woburn_Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Woburn Abbey">Woburn Abbey</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forde_Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forde Abbey">Forde Abbey</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nostell_Priory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nostell Priory">Nostell Priory</a> and many other mansions with the suffix <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abbey">Abbey</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Priory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Priory">Priory</a> to their name.</p> <p>During the second half of the reign of Queen <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I</a> (1558–1603) and under her successor King <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_I_of_England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I</a> (1603–1625) the first <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mansion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mansion">mansions</a> designed by architects not by mere masons or builders, began to make their appearance. Such houses as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burghley_House?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burghley House">Burghley House</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Longleat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Longleat">Longleat House</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hatfield_House?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hatfield House">Hatfield House</a> are among the best known of this period and seem today to epitomise the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_country_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English country house">English country house</a>.</p> <p>During the 16th century many lords of manors moved their residences from their ancient manor houses often situated next to the parish church and near or in the village and built a new manor house within the walls of their ancient deer-parks adjoining. This gave them more privacy and space.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque,_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg/220px-Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="1094"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 212px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg/220px-Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="212" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg/330px-Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg/440px-Leeds_Manor_House_Blue_Plaque%2C_Scarborough_Hotel.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Leeds Manor House Blue Plaque, Scarborough Hotel </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Naming">Naming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Naming" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>While suffixes given to manor houses in recent centuries have little substantive meaning, and many have changed over time,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in previous centuries manor names had specific connotations.</p> <ul> <li><b>Court</b> – This suffix came into use in the 16th century<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was applied to the buildings where lords would receive their tenants (<i>i.e.</i>, "hold court").<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Castle</b> – Non-royal castles were generally the residences of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_feudal_barony?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English feudal barony">feudal barons</a>, whose baronies might comprise several dozen other manors. The manor on which the castle was situated was termed the <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caput?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caput">caput</a></i> of the barony, thus every true ancient defensive castle was also the manor house of its own manor. The suffix "-Castle" was also used to name certain manor houses, generally built as mock castles, but often as houses rebuilt on the site of a former true castle:</li> <li><b>Place</b> – The "Place" suffix is likely to have been a shortened form of "Palace", a term commonly used in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renaissance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> Italy (<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palazzo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo">Palazzo</a></i>) to denote a residence of the nobility.</li> <li><b>Park</b> – came into use in the 18th and 19th centuries</li> <li>'<b>Manor' Suffix - Romantic Revival</b> - Manor houses, although mostly forming residences for the lords of the manors on which they were situated, were not historically named with the suffix "Manor", as were many grand <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_country_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="English country house">country houses</a> built in the 19th century, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hughenden_Manor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hughenden Manor">Hughenden Manor</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waddesdon_Manor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waddesdon Manor">Waddesdon Manor</a>.</li> </ul> <p>The usage is often today used as a modern catch-all suffix for an old house on an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Estate_(land)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Country_house_estate" title="Estate (land)">estate</a>, true manor or not.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Similar_constructions">Similar constructions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Similar constructions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li><b>Tower Houses</b> – <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tower_houses_in_Britain_and_Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tower houses in Britain and Ireland">Tower houses</a>, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peel_tower?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peel tower">Peel towers</a>, were constructed in the wilder parts of England, usually in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scottish_Marches?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scottish Marches">marches</a>. They served a defensive purpose, built as a solid <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keep?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keep">fortified keep</a>, they were designed to protect inhabitants from raids by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Border_reivers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Border reivers">border reivers</a>. Though the lord lived in the tower and their followers lived in simple huts outside the walls, the towers were designed to provide a refuge so that, when cross-border raiding parties arrived, the whole population of a village could take to the tower and wait for the marauders to depart.</li> <li><b>Lodges</b> – Some of the land in England was designated as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royal_forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royal forest">Royal forest</a> during the feudal era. These areas were under forest law, which was historically distinct from the law of the rest of the country and operated outside the common law, serving to protect game animals and their forest habitat from destruction. Kings would appoint 'Wardens', 'Keepers', or 'Guardians' to oversee these lands, who would often be provided <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sporting_lodge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sporting lodge">Lodges</a> that functioned similarly to manor houses.</li> <li><b>Clergy dwellings</b> – As the often second most important individual in a feudal manor, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clergy_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clergy house">clergy dwellings</a> often incorporated many of the elements of a manor house. Some manors were themselves clerical and so the manor house and vicarage/rectory were one and the same. Properties such as rectories in England were often supported by their own <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glebe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glebe">Glebe</a> – land within the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parish?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parish">parish</a>/manor set aside to support a parish priest.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="In_other_jurisdictions">In other jurisdictions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: In other jurisdictions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg/220px-Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5392" data-file-height="3441"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg/220px-Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg/330px-Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg/440px-Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4n_kartano_3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> A 19th-century main building of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4_Manor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hatanpää Manor">Hatanpää Manor</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tampere?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tampere">Tampere</a>, Finland </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: France" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG/220px-Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="785" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 138px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG/220px-Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="138" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG/330px-Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG/440px-Trecesson_-_moat_view.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Tr%C3%A9cesson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Château de Trécesson">Château de Trécesson</a>, a 14th-century manor-house in Morbihan, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brittany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brittany">Brittany</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>In France, the terms <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Château">château</a></i> or <i>manoir</i> are often used synonymously to describe a French manor house; <i>maison-forte</i> is the appellation for a strongly <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fortified_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fortified house">fortified house</a>, which may include two sets of enclosing walls, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drawbridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drawbridge">drawbridges</a>, and a ground-floor hall or <i>salle basse</i> that was used to receive peasants and commoners. The term <i>manoir</i> is used historically only in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Normandy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brittany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brittany">Brittany</a>. The <i>salle basse</i> was also the location of the manorial court, with the steward or seigneur's seating location often marked by the presence of a <i>crédence de justice</i> or wall-cupboard (shelves built into the stone walls to hold documents and books associated with administration of the demesne or <i>droit de justice</i>).</p> <p>The <i>salle haute</i> or upper-hall, reserved for the seigneur and where he received his high-ranking guests, was often accessible by an external spiral staircase. It was commonly "open" up to the roof trusses, as in similar English homes. This larger and more finely decorated hall was usually located above the ground-floor hall. The seigneur and his family's private <i>chambres</i> were often located off of the upper first-floor hall, and invariably had their own fireplace (with finely decorated chimney-piece) and frequently a latrine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p>In addition to having both lower and upper halls, many French manor houses also had partly fortified gateways, watchtowers, and enclosing walls that were fitted with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrow_slit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrow slit">arrow or gun loops</a> for added protection. Some larger 16th-century manors, such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Kerjean?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Château de Kerjean">Château de Kerjean</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finist%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finistère">Finistère</a>, Brittany, were even outfitted with ditches and fore-works that included gun platforms for cannons. These defensive arrangements allowed <i>maisons-fortes</i> and rural manors to be safe from a <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coup_de_main?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coup de main">coup de main</a></i> perpetrated by an armed band, many of which roamed the countryside during the troubled times of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hundred_Years_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hundred Years War">Hundred Years War</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/French_wars_of_religion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="French wars of religion">French wars of religion</a>; but these fortified manor houses could not have withstood a lengthy <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Siege?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Siege">siege</a> undertaken by a regular army equipped with (siege) engines or heavy artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Germany" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The German equivalent of a manor house is a <i>Gutshaus</i> (or <i>Gut</i>, <i>Gutshof</i>, <i>Rittergut</i>, <i>Landgut</i> or <i>Bauerngut</i>). Also <i>Herrenhaus</i> and <i>Domäne</i> are common terms. <i>Schloss</i> (pl. Schlösser) is another <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/German_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="German language">German</a> word for a building similar to manor house, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stately_home?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Stately home">stately home</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Château">château</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palace">palace</a>. Other terms used in German are <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/burg" class="extiw" title="wikt:burg">Burg</a></i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castle">castle</a>), <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/festung" class="extiw" title="wikt:festung">Festung</a></i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort">fort</a>/fortress) and <i>Palais</i>/<i>Palast</i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palace">palace</a>).</p> <p>German language uses terms like Schloss or Gutshaus for places that functioned as the administrative center of a manor. Gut(shaus) implies a smaller ensemble of buildings within a more agricultural setting, usually owned by lower-ranking landed gentry whereas Schloss describes more representative and larger places. During the 18th century, some of these manor houses became local centers of culture where the local gentry, sometimes inspired by what they had experienced during their <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grand_tour?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand tour">grand tour</a>, was mimicking the lifestyle of the higher nobility, creating lavish parks, art collections or showed an interest in science and research.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Machern_castle.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Machern_castle.JPG/220px-Machern_castle.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Machern_castle.JPG/220px-Machern_castle.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Machern_castle.JPG/330px-Machern_castle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Machern_castle.JPG/440px-Machern_castle.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Schloss Machern (Machern Castle) near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leipzig?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a> is an example of a typical manor house, it evolved from a medieval castle which was originally protected by a water moat and later was converted into a baroque-style castle with typical architectural features of the period and one of the first English-style parks in Germany. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Netherlands" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/Manor house">improve this article</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522">"Manor house"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbm%3Dnws%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%2B-wikipedia%26tbs%3Dar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%26tbs%3Dbkt:s%26tbm%3Dbks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%2B-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Huis_te_Warmond.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Huis_te_Warmond.jpg/220px-Huis_te_Warmond.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1047"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Huis_te_Warmond.jpg/220px-Huis_te_Warmond.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Huis_te_Warmond.jpg/330px-Huis_te_Warmond.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Huis_te_Warmond.jpg/440px-Huis_te_Warmond.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Warmond House (Huis te Warmond), the manor house for the Hoge Heerlijkheid of Warmond in the Netherlands </figcaption> </figure> <p>There are many historical manor houses throughout the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Netherlands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. Some have been converted into museums, hotels, conference centres, etc. Some are located on estates and in parks.</p> <p>Many of the earlier houses are the legacy of the feudal <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heerlijkheid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heerlijkheid">heerlijkheid</a></i> system. The Dutch had a manorial system centred on the local lord's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demesne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demesne">demesne</a>. In Middle Dutch this was called the <i>vroonhof</i> or <i>vroenhoeve</i>, a word derived from the Proto-Germanic word <i>fraujaz</i>, meaning "lord". This was also called a <i>hof</i> and the lord's house a <i>hofstede</i>. Other terms were used, including <i>landhuis</i> (or just <i>huis</i>), a <i>ridderhofstad</i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Utrecht_(province)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utrecht (province)">Utrecht</a>), a <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stins?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stins">stins</a></i> or <i>state</i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friesland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friesland">Friesland</a>), or a <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manorialism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manorialism">havezate</a></i> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drente?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Drente">Drente</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Overijssel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Overijssel">Overijssel</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gelderland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gelderland">Gelderland</a>). Some of these buildings were fortified. A number of castles associated with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nobility?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nobility">nobility</a> are found in the country. In Dutch, a building like this was called a <i>kasteel</i>, a <i>slot</i>, a <i>burcht</i> or (in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groningen_(province)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groningen (province)">Groningen</a>) a <i>borg</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>During the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dutch_Golden_Age?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dutch Golden Age">Dutch Golden Age</a> in the 17th century, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Merchants?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchants">merchants</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Regenten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Regenten">regents</a> looking for ways to spend their wealth bought country estates and built grand new homes, often just for summer use. Some purchased existing manor houses and castles from the nobility. Some country houses were built on top of the ruins of earlier castles that had been destroyed during the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dutch_Revolt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Revolt">Dutch Revolt</a>. The owners, aspiring to noble status, adopted the name of the earlier castle.</p> <p>These country houses or stately homes (called <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buitenplaats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buitenplaats">buitenplaats</a></i> or <i>buitenhuis</i> in Dutch) were located close to the city in picturesque areas with a clean water source. Wealthy families sent their children to the country in the summer because of the putrid canals and diseases in the city. A few still exist, especially along the river <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vecht_(Utrecht)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vecht (Utrecht)">Vecht</a>, the river <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amstel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amstel">Amstel</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spaarne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spaarne">Spaarne</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kennemerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kennemerland">Kennemerland</a>, the river <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vliet_(canal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vliet (canal)">Vliet</a> and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wassenaar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wassenaar">Wassenaar</a>. Some are located near former lakes (now <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polder">polders</a>) like the Wijkermeer, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Watergraafsmeer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Watergraafsmeer">Watergraafsmeer</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beemster?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beemster">Beemster</a>. In the 19th century, with improvements in water management, new regions came into fashion, such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Utrecht_Hill_Ridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utrecht Hill Ridge">Utrecht Hill Ridge</a> (Utrechtse Heuvelrug) and the area around <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arnhem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a>.</p> <p>Today there is a tendency to group these grand buildings together in the category of "castles". There are many <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_castles_in_the_Netherlands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of castles in the Netherlands">castles</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buitenplaats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buitenplaats">buitenplaatsen</a> in all twelve provinces. A larger-than-average home is today called a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villa">villa</a> or a herenhuis, but despite the grand name this is not the same as a manor house.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Poland" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dw%C3%B3r_(manor_house)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwór (manor house)">Dwór (manor house)</a> </div> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Architectural_form?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural form">architectural form</a> of the Polish manor house (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polish_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">dwór</i> or <i>dworek</i>) evolved around the late <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polish_Renaissance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Renaissance">Polish Renaissance</a> period and continued until the Second World War, which, together with the communist takeover of Poland, spelled the end of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Szlachta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Szlachta">nobility in Poland</a>. A 1944 decree nationalized most mansions as property of the nobles, but few were adapted to other purposes. Many slowly fell into ruin over the next few decades.</p> <p>Poland inherited many German-style manor houses (<i>Gutshäuser</i>) after <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Former_eastern_territories_of_Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Former eastern territories of Germany">parts of eastern Germany</a> were taken over by Poland after <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_War_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World War II">World War II</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Portugal" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:MateusPalace1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MateusPalace1.jpg/220px-MateusPalace1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MateusPalace1.jpg/220px-MateusPalace1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MateusPalace1.jpg/330px-MateusPalace1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MateusPalace1.jpg/440px-MateusPalace1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mateus_Palace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mateus Palace">Solar de Mateus</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vila_Real,_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vila Real, Portugal">Vila Real</a>, Portugal </figcaption> </figure> <p>In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, it was quite common during the 17th to early 20th centuries for the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portuguese_nobility?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portuguese nobility">aristocracy</a> to have country homes. These homes, known as <i><b>solares</b></i> (<i><b>paços</b></i>, when the manor was a certain stature or size; <i>quintas</i>, when the manor included a sum of land), were found particularly in the northern, usually richer, Portugal, in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beira_(Portugal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beira (Portugal)">Beira</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entre-Douro-e-Minho_Province?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Entre-Douro-e-Minho Province">Minho</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C3%A1s-os-Montes_e_Alto_Douro_Province?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Province">Trás-os-Montes</a> provinces. Many have been converted into a type of hotel called <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pousadas_de_Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pousadas de Portugal">pousada</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quinta_(estate)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quinta (estate)">Quinta</a> is a term used in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portuguese_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese language</a>-speaking world, which is applied variously to manors homes or to estates as a whole.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Spain">Spain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Spain" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><b>Casa solariega</b> is the catch-all name for manor houses in Spain. They were the places where heads of noble families resided. Those houses receive a different name depending on the geographical region of Spain where they are located, the noble rank of the owner family, the size of the house and/or the use that the family gave to them. In Spain many old manor houses, palaces, castles and grand homes have been converted into a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paradores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paradores">Parador</a> hotel.</p> <p>A Palacio is a sumptuously decorated grand residence, especially a royal residence or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word itself is derived from the Latin name Palātium, for Palatine Hill, the hill which housed the Imperial residences in Rome. Palacio Real is the same as Palacio, but historically used (either now or in the past) by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spanish_royal_family?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spanish royal family">Spanish royal family</a>. Palacio arzobispal is the same as Palacio, but historically used by the ecclesiastic authorities (mainly bishops or archbishops).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alc%C3%A1zar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcázar">Alcázar</a> is a type of Moorish castle or fortified palace in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a> (and also <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>) built during Muslim rule, although some founded by Christians. Mostly of the alcázars were built between the 8th and 15th centuries. Many cities in Spain have its alcázar. Palaces built in the Moorish style after the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reconquista?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reconquista">expulsion of the Moors from Spain</a> are often referred to as alcazars as well.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hacienda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hacienda">Hacienda</a> is landed estates of significant size located in the south of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andalusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>). They were also very common in the former <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spanish_Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish colonies</a>. Some haciendas were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plantation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plantation">plantations</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mining?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mining">mines</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Factory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Factory">factories</a>. Many haciendas combined these productive activities. They were developed as profit-making, economic enterprises linked to regional or international markets. The owner of an hacienda was termed an <i>hacendado</i> or <i>patrón</i>. The work force on haciendas varied, depending on the type of hacienda and where it was located.</p> <p>Casona is old manor houses in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_of_Le%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province of León">León</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asturias?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asturias">Asturias</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantabria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a>) following the so-called "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casa_monta%C3%B1esa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casa montañesa">casa montañesa</a> architecture". Most of them were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. Typologically they are halfway between rustic houses and palaces</p> <p>Quinta is a countryside house closer to the urban core. Initially, "quinta" (fifth) designated the 1/5 part of the production that the lessee (called "quintero") paid to the lessor (owner of the land), but lately the term was applied to the whole property. This term is also very common in the former Spanish colonies.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alqueria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alqueria">Alqueria</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al-Andalus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a> made reference to small rural communities that were located near cities (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medina">medinas</a>). Since the 15th century it makes reference to a farmhouse, with an agricultural <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Farm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Farm">farm</a>, typical of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spanish_Levante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Levante">Levante</a> and the southeastern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spanish</a>, mainly in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province_of_Granada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province of Granada">Granada</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valencian_Community?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valencian Community">Valencia</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Pazo-da-Touza.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Pazo-da-Touza.jpg/220px-Pazo-da-Touza.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="709"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 152px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Pazo-da-Touza.jpg/220px-Pazo-da-Touza.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="152" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Pazo-da-Touza.jpg/330px-Pazo-da-Touza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Pazo-da-Touza.jpg/440px-Pazo-da-Touza.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Pazo da Touza</i>, Galicia </figcaption> </figure> <p>A <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pazo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pazo">pazo</a></i> is a type of grand old house found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a>. A <i>pazo</i> is usually located in the countryside and the former residence of an important nobleman or other important individual. They were of crucial importance to the rural and monastic communities around them. The <i>pazo</i> was a traditional architectural structure associated with a community and social network. It usually consisted of a main building surrounded by gardens, a dovecote and outbuildings such as a small <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chapel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chapel">chapels</a> for religious celebrations. The word <i>pazo</i> is derived from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>palatiu(m)</i> ("palace").</p> <p>The <b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baserri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baserri">Baserri</a></b>, called "Caserio" in Spanish, is the typical manor house of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basque Country (autonomous community)">Basque Provinces</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Navarre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>. A baserri represents the core unit of traditional Basque society, as the <i>ancestral home of a family</i>. Traditionally, the household is administered by the <i>etxekoandre</i> (lady of the house) and the <i>etxekojaun</i> (master of the house), each with distinctly defined rights, roles and responsibilities. When the couple reaches a certain age upon which they wish to retire, the baserri is formally handed over to a child. Unusually, the parents were by tradition free to choose any child, male or female, firstborn or later born, to assume the role of <i>etxekoandre</i> or <i>etxekojaun</i> to ensure the child most suitable to the role would inherit the ancestral home. The baserri <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuero">under traditional law (the <i>fueros</i>)</a> cannot be divided or inherited by more than one person. This is still the case in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_Basque_Country?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southern Basque Country">Southern Basque Country</a> but the introduction of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napoleonic_Code?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Napoleonic Code">Napoleonic Code</a> in France, under which such practices are illegal, greatly upset this tradition in the North. Although the Basques in the north chose to be "creative" with the new laws, it overall resulted in the breakup and ultimate financial ruin of many baserris. In practice the tradition of not breaking up baserris meant that the remaining children had to marry into another baserri, stay on the family baserri as unmarried employees or make their own way in the world (<i>Iglesia o mar o casa real</i>, "Church or sea or royal house").</p> <p>A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cortijo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cortijo">cortijo</a> is a type of traditional rural habitat in the Southern half of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a>, including all of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andalusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a> and parts of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Extremadura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castile-La_Mancha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Castile-La Mancha">Castile-La Mancha</a>. <i>Cortijos</i> may have their origins in ancient <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roman_villa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roman villa">Roman villas</a>, for the word is derived from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>cohorticulum</i>, a diminutive of <i>cohors</i>, meaning '<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Courtyard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Courtyard">courtyard</a>'. They are often isolated structures associated with a large family farming or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livestock?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Livestock">livestock</a> operation in the vast and empty adjoining lands. It would usually include a large house, together with accessory buildings such as workers' quarters, sheds to house livestock, granaries, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oil_mill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oil mill">oil mills</a>, barns and often a wall enclosing a courtyard. The master of the <i>cortijo</i> or <i>"señorito"</i> would usually live with his family in a two-story building, while the accessory structures were for the labourers and their families —also known as <i>"cortijeros"</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: United States" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>possibly contains <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DManor_house%26action%3Dedit">improve it</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"> <table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:EditPage/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:EditPage/Manor house">improve this article</a> by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522">"Manor house"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbm%3Dnws%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%2B-wikipedia%26tbs%3Dar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%26tbs%3Dbkt:s%26tbm%3Dbks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%2B-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query%3D%2522Manor%2Bhouse%2522%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Biltmore_estate_garden,_looking_at_house.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg/220px-Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2705" data-file-height="1156"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 94px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg/220px-Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="94" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg/330px-Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg/440px-Biltmore_estate_garden%2C_looking_at_house.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biltmore_Estate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biltmore Estate">Biltmore Estate</a> in North Carolina </figcaption> </figure> <p>Before the founding of the United States, colonial powers such as Britain, France and the Netherlands made land grants to favored individuals in the original colonies that evolved into large agricultural estates that resembled the manors familiar to Europeans.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Founding fathers such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were the owners of large agricultural estates granted by colonial rulers and built large manor houses from which these estates were managed (e.g., <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Vernon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Vernon">Mount Vernon</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monticello?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monticello">Monticello</a>).</p> <p>American agricultural estates, however, often relied on slaves rather than tenant farmers or serfs which were common in Europe at the time. The owners of American agricultural estates did not have noble titles and there was no legally recognized political structure based on an aristocratic, land-owning class. As a result, this limited the development of a feudal or manorial land-owning system to just a few regions such as Tidewater and Piedmont Virginia, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carolina_Low_Country?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolina Low Country">Carolina Low Country</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_Delta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi Delta">Mississippi Delta</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hudson_River_Valley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hudson River Valley">Hudson River Valley</a> in the early years of the republic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p>Today, relics of early manorial life in the early United States are found in a few places such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore of Maryland</a> with examples such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wye_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wye Hall">Wye Hall</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hope_House_(Easton,_Maryland)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hope House (Easton, Maryland)">Hope House (Easton, Maryland)</a>, Virginia at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monticello?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monticello">Monticello</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Westover_Plantation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Westover Plantation">Westover Plantation</a>, the Hudson River Valley of New York at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clermont_State_Historic_Site?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clermont State Historic Site">Clermont State Historic Site</a> or along the Mississippi such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lansdowne_(Natchez,_Mississippi)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lansdowne (Natchez, Mississippi)">Lansdowne (Natchez, Mississippi)</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Over time, these large estates were usually subdivided as they became economically unsustainable and are now a fraction of their historical extent. In the southern states, the demise of plantation slavery after the Civil War gave rise to a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sharecropping?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sharecropping">sharecropping</a> agricultural economy that had similarities to European <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serfdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Serfdom">serfdom</a> and lasted into the early 20th century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biltmore_Estate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biltmore Estate">Biltmore Estate</a> in North Carolina (which is still owned by descendants of the original builder, a member of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vanderbilt_family?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vanderbilt family">Vanderbilt family</a>) is a more modern, though unsuccessful, attempt at building a small manorial society near Asheville, North Carolina.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p>Most manor-style homes built since the Civil War were merely country retreats for wealthy industrialists in the late 19th and early 20th century and had little agricultural, administrative or political function.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Examples of these homes include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castle_Hill_(Ipswich,_Massachusetts)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castle Hill (Ipswich, Massachusetts)">Castle Hill (Ipswich, Massachusetts)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vanderbilt_Mansion_National_Historic_Site?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site">Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hearst_Castle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hearst Castle">Hearst Castle</a>. A rare example of hereditary estate ownership in the United States that includes a manor-type house is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gardiners_Island?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gardiners Island">Gardiners Island</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a private island that has been in the same family since the 17th century and contains a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgian_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian architecture</a> house. Today, some historically and architecturally significant manor houses in the United States are museums. However, many still function as private residences, including many of the colonial-era manor houses found in Maryland and Virginia a few of which are still held within the original families.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p>Unlike in Europe, the United States did not create a native architectural style common to manor houses. A typical architectural style used for American manor-style homes in the mid-Atlantic region is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgian_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian architecture</a> although a homegrown variant of Georgian did emerge in the late 1700s called <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal architecture">Federal architecture</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Other styles borrowed from Europe include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauesque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Châteauesque">Châteauesque</a> with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biltmore_Estate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biltmore Estate">Biltmore Estate</a> being an example, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tudor_Revival_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tudor Revival architecture">Tudor Revival architecture</a> see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Planting_Fields_Arboretum_State_Historic_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park">Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical architecture</a> with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monticello?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monticello">Monticello</a> being a prominent example.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antebellum_South?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antebellum South">Antebellum South</a>, many <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plantation_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plantation house">plantation houses</a> were built in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greek Revival architecture">Greek Revival architecture</a> style.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Virginia_House,_Garden_Side_(no_title)_(16835896132).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg/220px-Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="513"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 141px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg/220px-Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="141" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg/330px-Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg/440px-Virginia_House%2C_Garden_Side_%28no_title%29_%2816835896132%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Virginia House, Garden Side (no title) (16835896132) </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virginia_House?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virginia House">Virginia House</a> is a former 16th-entury English manor house blending three romantic English Tudor designs. In 1925, it was relocated to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a> from main sections dating from the 1620 remodeling of a priory in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Warwickshire,_England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Warwickshire, England">Warwickshire, England</a> and reconstructed on a hillside overlooking the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James River">James River</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Windsor_Farms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Windsor Farms">Windsor Farms</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Virginia House is now owned and operated by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virginia_Historical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virginia Historical Society">Virginia Historical Society</a>. The almost eight acres of gardens and grounds on which Virginia House rests were designed by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Gillette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Gillette">Charles Gillette</a>. The house has been preserved and is largely as it was when the Weddells lived there.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Virginia House is on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Richmond,_Virginia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Richmond, Virginia">National Register of Historic Places listings in Richmond, Virginia</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style> <ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/32px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="604"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/32px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="32" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/48px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Big_single-family_home_2.jpg/64px-Big_single-family_home_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Housing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Housing">Housing portal</a></span></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_manor_houses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of manor houses">List of manor houses</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ansitz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ansitz">Ansitz</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dovecote?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dovecote">Dovecote</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manorialism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manorialism">Manorialism</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mansion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mansion">Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pele_tower?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pele tower">Pele tower</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bastle_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bastle house">bastle house</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quadrangular_castle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quadrangular castle">Quadrangular castle</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schloss?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schloss">Schloss</a>, approximate German equivalent to a manor house</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tower_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tower house">Tower house</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tower_houses_in_Britain_and_Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tower houses in Britain and Ireland">Tower houses in Britain and Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Townhouse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Townhouse">Townhouse</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villa">Villa</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">What is today known as "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heanton_Satchville,_Petrockstowe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe">Heanton Satchville</a>", for example, was "Heanton House" in the 18th century and "Heanton Court" in the 19th century.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-EB1911_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-EB1911_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSpiers1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Spiers, Richard Phené (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Manor-house"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica/Manor-house">"Manor-house" </a></span>. In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 597–598.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Manor-house&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=597-598&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Spiers&rft.aufirst=Richard+Phen%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrince2008" class="citation book cs1">Prince, Hugh C. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DmOYyyPCRbuYC%26dq%3Dlicence%2Bto%2Bempark%26pg%3DPA7"><i>Parks in Hertfordshire Since 1500</i></a>. Univ of Hertfordshire Press. p. 8. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9542189-9-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9542189-9-7"><bdi>978-0-9542189-9-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parks+in+Hertfordshire+Since+1500&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Univ+of+Hertfordshire+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-9542189-9-7&rft.aulast=Prince&rft.aufirst=Hugh+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmOYyyPCRbuYC%26dq%3Dlicence%2Bto%2Bempark%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRisdon" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tristram_Risdon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tristram Risdon">Risdon, Tristram</a>. <i>Survey of Devon</i> (1811 ed.). p. 336. <q>This now lord of these lands Sir Robert Basset hath his dwelling at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heanton_Punchardon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heanton Punchardon">Heanton-Court</a>, in this parish, an adjunct importing a manor-house in the lord's signiory</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+Devon&rft.pages=336&rft.edition=1811&rft.aulast=Risdon&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRisdon" class="citation book cs1">Risdon, Tristram. <i>Survey of Devon</i> (1811 ed.). p. 56. <q>This <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nutwell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nutwell">Nutwell <i>Court</i></a>, which signifies a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mansion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mansion">mansion</a>-house in a signiory, came to the family of Prideaux</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+Devon&rft.pages=56&rft.edition=1811&rft.aulast=Risdon&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRisdon" class="citation book cs1">Risdon, Tristram. <i>Survey of Devon</i> (1811 ed.). p. 319. <q>Their house [<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yarnscombe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yarnscombe">Yarnscombe</a>] is called <i>"Court"</i>, which implieth a manor house, or chief dwelling in a lordship.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+Devon&rft.pages=319&rft.edition=1811&rft.aulast=Risdon&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrince1810" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Prince_(biographer)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Prince (biographer)">Prince, John</a> (1810). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/danmoniioriental00prin"><i>Hill, Sir John, Knight</i></a> (1810 ed.). London. pp. 494–497. <q>The word <i>court</i> annex'd unto the name of the lord, may imply, that Hill had a lordship here; and that the court of his mannor, where the tenants were to pay their suit and service, was usually kept (according to antient custom) at this his mansion-house: this is the reason why many gentlemens seats, in this county, and elsewhere, are distinguished by the title of court, or court-house, because the court of the mannor was wont to be held there</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hill%2C+Sir+John%2C+Knight&rft.place=London&rft.pages=494-497&rft.edition=1810&rft.date=1810&rft.aulast=Prince&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdanmoniioriental00prin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbier,_Pierre2005" class="citation book cs1">Barbier, Pierre (2005). <i>Le Trégor Historique et Monumental</i>. Saint-Brieuc: La Decouvrance Editions. p. 419.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Tr%C3%A9gor+Historique+et+Monumental&rft.place=Saint-Brieuc&rft.pages=419&rft.pub=La+Decouvrance+Editions&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Barbier%2C+Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://toerisme.groningen.nl/over-groningen/g7-redenen-om-naar-groningen-te-gaan/borgen-in-groningen">"Borgen in Groningen"</a>. <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groningen_(province)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groningen (province)">Groningen</a></i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Groningen&rft.atitle=Borgen+in+Groningen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftoerisme.groningen.nl%2Fover-groningen%2Fg7-redenen-om-naar-groningen-te-gaan%2Fborgen-in-groningen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manor_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.vahistorical.org/your-visit/virginia-house">"Virginia House"</a>. <i>www.vahistorical.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vahistorical.org&rft.atitle=Virginia+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vahistorical.org%2Fyour-visit%2Fvirginia-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/manor_house" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:manor house"><i>manor house</i></a> at Wiktionary <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manor_houses" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Manor houses">Manor houses</a> at Wikimedia Commons</p> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpiers1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Spiers, Richard Phené (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Manor-house"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica/Manor-house">"Manor-house" </a></span>. <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Manor-house&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Spiers&rft.aufirst=Richard+Phen%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManor+house" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Reality TV show recreating life in an Edwardian <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pbs.org/manorhouse/">manor house</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803233011/http://www.timelines.tv/ipA01.html">Timelines TV</a> Interactive video timeline of British history with section on medieval manors.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://countryhouses.wordpress.com">UK Manor House news blog</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mois.ee/english/">Estonian Manors Portal</a> – the English version gives the brief overview of 438 best preserved manor houses in Estonia.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090222160848/http://www.pilis.lv/tulk/aktual_list.php">Portal of Association of Latvia's castles, palaces and manors</a> – the English version gives the information about all manors and castles in Latvia, routes and photos.</li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style> </div>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DManor_house%26oldid%3D1253704034">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manor_house&oldid=1253704034</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" 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title="Casal (edificio) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Casal (edificio)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maner" title="Maner – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maner" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Тугдам – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Тугдам" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_pairal" title="Casa pairal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Casa pairal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Манор – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Манор" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrenhaus_(Geb%25C3%25A4ude)" title="Herrenhaus (Gebäude) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Herrenhaus (Gebäude)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%25C3%25A4rrastemaja" title="Härrastemaja – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Härrastemaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_Se%25C3%25B1orial" title="Casa Señorial – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Casa Señorial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jauregitxo" title="Jauregitxo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jauregitxo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoir" title="Manoir – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manoir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_se%25C3%25B1orial" title="Casa señorial – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Casa señorial" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A7%25A4%25EB%2584%2588%25ED%2595%2598%25EC%259A%25B0%25EC%258A%25A4" title="매너하우스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="매너하우스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25BF_(%25D5%25B0%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BC%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B5%25D6%2581)" title="Դաստակերտ (համակառույց) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաստակերտ (համակառույց)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurija_(gra%25C4%2591evina)" title="Kurija (građevina) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kurija (građevina)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumah_bangsawan" title="Rumah bangsawan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumah bangsawan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maniero" title="Maniero – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Maniero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%2596%25D7%2594" title="אחוזה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אחוזה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Манор – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Манор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udvarh%25C3%25A1z" title="Udvarház – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Udvarház" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC" title="Велепоседнички дом – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Велепоседнички дом" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoir" title="Manoir – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Manoir" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%258A%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%25BB%25E3%2583%258F%25E3%2582%25A6%25E3%2582%25B9" title="マナー・ハウス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マナー・ハウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manei" title="Manei – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Manei" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoir_(architektura)" title="Manoir (architektura) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Manoir (architektura)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_(habita%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o)" title="Solar (habitação) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Solar (habitação)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conac" title="Conac – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Conac" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Манор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Манор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manor_house" title="Manor house – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Manor house" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvorec" title="Dvorec – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dvorec" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB" title="Каштел – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Каштел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartano" title="Kartano – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kartano" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malikane" title="Malikane – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malikane" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580_(%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2594%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BA)" title="Манор (маєток) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Манор (маєток)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%258E%258A%25E5%259C%2592%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%25B1%258B" title="莊園大屋 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="莊園大屋" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%258E%258A%25E5%259C%2592%25E5%25AE%2585%25E9%2582%25B8" title="莊園宅邸 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莊園宅邸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" 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