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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Povijesni_kontekst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povijesni_kontekst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Povijesni kontekst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povijesni_kontekst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uspon_i_priroda_komune" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uspon_i_priroda_komune"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Uspon i priroda komune</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uspon_i_priroda_komune-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pariška komuna</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 79 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">79 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paryse_Kommune" title="Paryse Kommune – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Paryse Kommune" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariser_Kommune" title="Pariser Kommune – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pariser Kommune" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="كومونة باريس – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كومونة باريس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="كومونة باريس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كومونة باريس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comu%C3%B1a_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Comuña de París – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Comuña de París" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_kommunas%C4%B1" title="Paris kommunası – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Paris kommunası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="پاریس کوموناسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاریس کوموناسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Парыжская камуна – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Парыжская камуна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Парижка комуна – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Парижка комуна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF" title="কমিউন দ্যু পারি – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কমিউন দ্যু পারি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%95%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8D_(%E0%BC%A1%E0%BC%A8%E0%BC%A7%E0%BC%A1)" title="ཕ་རིའི་ཀོ་མུ་ནེ། (༡༨༧༡) – tibetski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཕ་རིའི་ཀོ་མུ་ནེ། (༡༨༧༡)" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumun_Pariz" title="Kumun Pariz – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kumun Pariz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariska_komuna" title="Pariska komuna – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pariska komuna" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Comuna de París – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comuna de París" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEsk%C3%A1_komuna" title="Pařížská komuna – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pařížská komuna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiwn_Paris" title="Comiwn Paris – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Comiwn Paris" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariserkommunen" title="Pariserkommunen – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pariserkommunen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariser_Kommune" title="Pariser Kommune – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pariser Kommune" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Παρισινή Κομμούνα – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παρισινή Κομμούνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Paris Commune" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariza_Komunumo_(1871)" title="Pariza Komunumo (1871) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pariza Komunumo (1871)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Comuna de París – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comuna de París" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariisi_kommuun" title="Pariisi kommuun – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pariisi kommuun" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parisko_Komuna" title="Parisko Komuna – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Parisko Komuna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3_(%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B7%DB%B1)" title="کمون پاریس (۱۸۷۱) – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمون پاریس (۱۸۷۱)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariisin_kommuuni" title="Pariisin kommuuni – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pariisin kommuuni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commune_de_Paris" title="Commune de Paris – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commune de Paris" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Com%C3%BAn_Ph%C3%A1ras" title="Común Pháras – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Común Pháras" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1871_Comann_Pharis" title="1871 Comann Pharis – škotski gaelski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1871 Comann Pharis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski gaelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Comuna de París – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Comuna de París" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%9A_%DA%A9%D9%9A%D9%85%DB%8A%D9%86" title="پاريس ٚ کٚمۊن – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="پاريس ٚ کٚمۊن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הקומונה הפריזאית – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקומונה הפריזאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8" title="पेरिस कम्यून – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेरिस कम्यून" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1rizsi_Komm%C3%BCn" title="Párizsi Kommün – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Párizsi Kommün" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1_(1871)" title="Փարիզի կոմունա (1871) – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փարիզի կոմունա (1871)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komune_Paris" title="Komune Paris – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komune Paris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris-komono" title="Paris-komono – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Paris-komono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%ADsarkomm%C3%BAnan" title="Parísarkommúnan – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Parísarkommúnan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comune_di_Parigi" title="Comune di Parigi – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comune di Parigi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="パリ・コミューン – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パリ・コミューン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komune_Paris" title="Komune Paris – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Komune Paris" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="პარიზის კომუნა – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პარიზის კომუნა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Париж коммунасы – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Париж коммунасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%AC_%EC%BD%94%EB%AE%8C" title="파리 코뮌 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파리 코뮌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B_(1871)" title="Париж коммунасы (1871) – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Париж коммунасы (1871)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commune_Parisiorum_anni_1871" title="Commune Parisiorum anni 1871 – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Commune Parisiorum anni 1871" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pary%C5%BEiaus_komuna" title="Paryžiaus komuna – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paryžiaus komuna" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C4%ABzes_Kom%C5%ABna" title="Parīzes Komūna – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Parīzes Komūna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Париска комуна – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Париска комуна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Парисын коммун – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Парисын коммун" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemuna_de_Paris" title="Quemuna de Paris – mirandski" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Quemuna de Paris" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="पेरिस कम्युन – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पेरिस कम्युन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commune_van_Parijs_(1871)" title="Commune van Parijs (1871) – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Commune van Parijs (1871)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariskommunen" title="Pariskommunen – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pariskommunen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariskommunen" title="Pariskommunen – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pariskommunen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs_(1871)" title="Comuna de París (1871) – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Comuna de París (1871)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8" title="ਪੈਰਿਸ ਕਮਿਊਨ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੈਰਿਸ ਕਮਿਊਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuna_Paryska" title="Komuna Paryska – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komuna Paryska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_de_Paris" title="Comuna de Paris – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comuna de Paris" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna_din_Paris" title="Comuna din Paris – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Comuna din Paris" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Парижская коммуна – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парижская коммуна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna" title="Pariška komuna – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pariška komuna" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Paris Commune" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%AD%C5%BEska_kom%C3%BAna_(1871)" title="Parížska komúna (1871) – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Parížska komúna (1871)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna" title="Pariška komuna – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pariška komuna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuna_e_Parisit_(ngjarje_historike)" title="Komuna e Parisit (ngjarje historike) – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komuna e Parisit (ngjarje historike)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariska_komuna" title="Pariska komuna – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Pariska komuna" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariskommunen" title="Pariskommunen – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pariskommunen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA" title="คอมมูนปารีส – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คอมมูนปารีส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuna_ng_Paris" title="Komuna ng Paris – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Komuna ng Paris" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Kom%C3%BCn%C3%BC" title="Paris Komünü – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paris Komünü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1871)" title="Паризька комуна (1871) – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Паризька комуна (1871)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="پیرس کمیون – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیرس کمیون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parij_kommunasi" title="Parij kommunasi – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Parij kommunasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_x%C3%A3_Paris" title="Công xã Paris – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Công xã Paris" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="巴黎公社 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴黎公社" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="პარიზიშ კომუნა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პარიზიშ კომუნა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="巴黎公社 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴黎公社" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="巴黎公社 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴黎公社" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133132#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><p><b>Pariška komuna</b> (ili Francuska komuna) od <a href="/wiki/18._o%C5%BEujka" title="18. ožujka">18. ožujka</a> do <a href="/wiki/28._svibnja" title="28. svibnja">28. svibnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1871." title="1871.">1871.</a>, je prvi svjetski poznati primjer radničke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socijalisti%C4%8Dka_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socijalistička revolucija (stranica ne postoji)">socijalističke revolucije</a>. </p><p>Iako je formalno ona bila obična "Općina <a href="/wiki/Pariz" title="Pariz">Pariz</a>", ipak je zbog svojih kontroverznih proglasa i dekreta postala jedan od najbitnijh povijesnih događaja za sve radikalne i revolucionarne socijalističke pokrete. Sve najprisutnije revolucionarne struje u Pariškoj komuni - <a href="/wiki/Anarhizam" title="Anarhizam">anarhizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marksizam" title="Marksizam">marksizam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blankizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blankizam (stranica ne postoji)">blankizam</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunalizam (stranica ne postoji)">komunalizam</a> su bile socijalističkog porijekla i iako su one inače u međusobnom konfliktu (zbog kojeg se tad već bila raspala <a href="/wiki/Prva_internacionala" class="mw-redirect" title="Prva internacionala">Prva internacionala</a>), u Parizu su svi međusobno surađivali i nije bilo bitnih internih sukoba. Zbog toga i danas razni anarhisti i marksisti slave Parišku komunu kao jedan od najvećih i najbitnijih događaja u njihovoj povijesti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povijesni_kontekst">Povijesni kontekst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Povijesni kontekst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povijesni kontekst"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Komunu je omogućio građanski ustanak svih revolucionarnih tendencija u Parizu poslije <a href="/wiki/Francusko-pruski_rat" title="Francusko-pruski rat">Francusko-pruskog rata</a> koji je završio francuskim porazom. Rat s <a href="/wiki/Pruska" title="Pruska">Pruskom</a>, kojeg je započeo <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III." title="Napoleon III.">Napoleon III.</a> (Louis Bonaparte) u srpnju <a href="/wiki/1870." title="1870.">1870.</a>, bio je katastrofalan za Francuze pa je u rujnu sam Pariz bio pod opsadom. Razlika između bogatih i siromašnih u glavnom gradu je porasla zadnjih godina pa su tadašnja nestašica hrane i neprestano prusko bombardiranje bili samo dodatni razlog općeg nezadovoljstva. Radnička klasa se sve više otvarala radikalnim idejama. Postojao je konkretan zahtjev da bi Pariz morao imati svoju samoupravu u vidu nekog izabranog vijeća (gradsko vijeće se na francuskom također zove <i>commune</i>, nešto što je već postojalo u većini francuskih gradova), ali je bilo negirano Parizu jer se vlada bojala stanovništva glavnoga grada kojim se nije moglo vladati. Tom zahtjevu je bila pridružena i jedna manje formulirana želja za jednim pravednijim, ako i ne baš obavezno socijalističkim vođenjem ekonomije koja je bila sažeta u pučkom kriku: <i>"La Sociale!"</i> </p><p>U siječnju <a href="/wiki/1871." title="1871.">1871.</a>, kad je opsada trajala već četiri mjeseca, <a href="/wiki/Louis-Adolphe_Thiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Adolphe Thiers">Louis-Adolphe Thiers</a>, koji je uskoro postao izvršni šef, a kasnije predsjednik <a href="/wiki/Tre%C4%87a_Francuska_Republika" title="Treća Francuska Republika">Treće republike</a>, zatražio je primirje. Jedan od pruskih uvjeta za mir je bila i okupacija Pariza. Usprkos dugotrajnoj i teškoj opsadi, mnogi su Parižani bili snažno uvrijeđeni i posebno bijesni zbog čina koji će Prusima dozvoliti kratku ceremonijalnu okupaciju njihovoga grada. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Communecannon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Communecannon.jpg/325px-Communecannon.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Communecannon.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Žene i djeca pomažu nosti gardijske topove na Montmartre: crtež it tog vremena</figcaption></figure> <p>U tom su trenutku deseci tisuća Parižana bili članovi jedne građanske milicije poznate kao "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Francuska_nacionalna_garda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francuska nacionalna garda (stranica ne postoji)">Nacionalna garda</a>" što se bila mnogo proširila da bi pomogla u obrani grada. Bataljoni iz najsiromašnijih kvartova su izabrali svoje časnike i posjedovali su mnoge od topova što su bili postavljeni u Parizu i plaćeni javnim supskripcijama. Grad i njegova Nacionalna garda su se odupirali pruskim trupama šest mjeseci. Stanovništvo Pariza je bilo prezirno prema okupaciji - zato su ograničili prusko prisustvo na jedno malo područje grada i nadzirali su te granice. </p><p>Počeo se formirati "Centralni komitet" Garde, a Louis-Adolphe Thiers, predsjednik nove, treće francuske republike, postao je svjestan da bi taj organ u trenutno nestabilnoj situaciji mogao postati alternativni centar političke moći. Također, bojao se i toga da bi se radnici mogli naoružati oružjem Nacionalne garde i izazvati Pruse. </p><p>Tu su se sad događali razni zbrkani događaji i povijesne knjige o tom kratkom razdoblju do osnivanja Komune nisu baš jasne, ali ono što je jasno je to da je Nacionalna garda, prije nego što su Prusi ušli u Pariz, uz pomoć običnih građana sklonila sve topove (koje su smatrali svojim vlasništvom) daleko od Prusa i čuvala ih je na sigurnom. Jedno od glavnih "topovskih parkirališta" je bilo na vrhu <a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartrea</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uspon_i_priroda_komune">Uspon i priroda komune</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Uspon i priroda komune" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pari%C5%A1ka_komuna&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Uspon i priroda komune"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prusi su na kratko ušli u Pariz i izašli bez incidenata. Ali, grad je i dalje bio opkoljen dok se povlačilo pitanje ratnih odšteta. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Fusillade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Fusillade.jpg/500px-Fusillade.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Fusillade.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="634" data-file-height="142" /></a><figcaption>Streljanje generala Lecomtea i Thomasa (fotografska rekonstrukcija)</figcaption></figure> <p>Dok je Centralni komitet Nacionalne garde zauzimao sve radikalnije stajalište i osvajao sve više autoriteta, vlada nije mogla dozvoliti da isti ima na neodređeno vrijeme na raspolaganju četiristo topova. Zbog toga je Thiers, kao prvi korak, <a href="/wiki/18._o%C5%BEujka" title="18. ožujka">18. ožujka</a> naredio redovnim trupama da uzmu topove pohranjene na Buttes Montmartreu. No, umjesto da izvrše naredbu vojnici su prijateljevali s Nacionalnom gardom i stanovnicima. Kad im je njihov general <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Martin_Lecomte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Martin Lecomte (stranica ne postoji)">Claude Martin Lecomte</a> dao naredbu da pucaju na nenaoružanu gomilu, oni su ga srušili s konja, te strijeljali zajedno s generalom Thomasom - omraženim bivšim komandantom Garde kojeg je ulovila gomila u vanjskim bulevarima. </p><p>Još se vojnih jedinica pridružilo pobuni koja se toliko brzo širila da je predsjednik Thiers naredio brzu evakuaciju Pariza od strane svih još poslušnih oružanih snaga, policije i upravitelja i specijalista svih vrsta. I on sam je pobjegao, njima na čelu, prema <a href="/wiki/Versailles" title="Versailles">Versaillesu</a>. Centralni komitet Nacionalne garde je sad ostao jedina efektivna vlada u Parizu; zato je odmah abdicirirao svoj autoritet i pripremio izbore za komunalni Savjet, koji su se održali <a href="/wiki/26._o%C5%BEujka" title="26. ožujka">26. ožujka</a>. </p><p>Komunalni savjet od 92 člana je bio sastavljen od kvalificiranih radnika, raznih stručnjaka (kao što su liječnici i novinari) i velikog broja političkih aktivista raznih struja - od republikanskih reformista, preko raznih vrsta socijalista pa skroz do <a href="/wiki/Jakobinci" title="Jakobinci">jakobinaca</a> koji su se nostalgično prisjećali <a href="/wiki/Francuska_revolucija" title="Francuska revolucija">revolucije iz 1789.</a> Karizmatični socijalist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Auguste_Blanqui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Auguste Blanqui (stranica ne postoji)">Louis Auguste Blanqui</a> je bio izabran za predsjednika Savjeta, ali to se dogodilo u njegovoj odsutnosti. On je, naime, bio uhićen <a href="/wiki/17._o%C5%BEujka" title="17. ožujka">17. ožujka</a> i zatočen u tajnom zatvoru tijekom cijelog razdoblja postojanja Komune. Pariška komuna je proglašena <a href="/wiki/28._o%C5%BEujka" title="28. ožujka">28. ožujka</a>, iako su mnogi kvartovi i susjedstva zadržali organizacije utemeljene još za vrijeme opsade. </p><p>Unatoč internim razlikama, Savjet je uspješno započeo održavavanje javnih službi neophodnih za grad s dva milijuna stanovnika; bio je čak u stanju postići konsenzus kod raznih političkih odluka koje su po svom sadržaju naginjale ka jednoj naprednoj <a href="/wiki/Socijaldemokracija" title="Socijaldemokracija">socijaldemokraciji</a>, više nego ka socijalnoj revoluciji. Manjak vremena (Komuna je bila u prilici da se sastaje svega manje od 60 dana) je razlog zbog kojeg je samo mali broj odluka bio efektivno sproveden. One uključuju: oprost najamnina iz cijelog razdoblja opsade (za vrijeme koje su ih mnogi vlasnici poprilično podigli); ukidanje noćnog rada u stotinama pariških pekara; ukidanje <a href="/wiki/Giljotina" title="Giljotina">giljotine</a>; uvođenje novčane naknade nevjenčanim družicama pripadnika Nacionalne garde ubijenih u službi, kao i njihovoj djeci; povrat, od strane državnih ureda za posudbe, svih sredstava za rad koje su radnici založili za vrijeme opsade; bili su odgođeni rokovi isteka mjenica i ukinuta je kamata na dug; dano je pravo radnicima da preuzmu i vode poduzeće ako ga je vlasnik napustio. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Communepawnshop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Communepawnshop.jpg" decoding="async" width="301" height="226" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="226" /></a><figcaption>Pariška komuna vraća radnicima alate založene za vrijeme opsade</figcaption></figure> <p>Savjet je ukinuo novačenje za vojsku, a umjesto nje je uveo Nacionalnu gardu sastavljenu od svih građana koji su mogli i bili voljni nositi oružje. Među zakonodavnim projektima, razdvajanje crkve i države je omogućilo nacionalizaciju crkvenih dobara i isključivanje religije iz škola. Međutim, crkvama nije bilo zabranjeno baviti se religioznim aktivnostima, ali su istovremeno služile i za večernja javna politička okupljanja. Crkve su bile glavna poprišta političkog sudjelovanja u Komuni. Jedan drugi zakonodavni projekt se ticao reforme obrazovanja, on je trebao visoko obrazovanje i tehničku poduku učiniti svakome dostupnima. </p><p>Komuna je vratila u opticaj <a href="/wiki/Francuski_republikanski_kalendar" title="Francuski republikanski kalendar">francuski republikanski kalendar</a> i za vrijeme svog kratkog postojanja je koristila crvenu zastavu umjesto <a href="/wiki/Francuska_zastava" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuska zastava">trobojnice</a>. </p><p>Opseg rada je bio olakšan raznim faktorima, iako su članovi Savjeta (koji nisu bili "predstavnici", nego delegati podložni neposrednom opozivu u bilo kojem trenutku od strane njihovih birača) morali voditi i mnoge izvršne funkcije, a ne samo zakonodavne. Mnoge <i>ad hoc</i> organizacije osnovane u gradskim četvrtima za vrijeme opsade sa svrhom da zadovolje potrebe stanovništva (menze, hitne pomoći...) su nastavile cvjetati i surađivale su s Komunom. </p><p>Istovremeno, lokalne skupštine nisu napustile svoje ciljeve, a u njima su uglavnom djelovali lokalni radnici. Unatoč formalnom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reformizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reformizam (stranica ne postoji)">reformizmu</a> Savjeta, sastav Komune je u svojoj suštini bio revolucionaran. Među prisutnim revolucionarnim strujama tu su bili <a href="/wiki/Anarhija" title="Anarhija">anarhisti</a> i <a href="/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam">socijalisti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blankisti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blankisti (stranica ne postoji)">blankisti</a> i slobodarski <a href="/wiki/Republika" title="Republika">republikanci</a>. Pariška komuna je neprestano slavljena među anarhistima i marksistima sve do današnjih dana, dobrim dijelom baš zbog te različitosti orijentacija, zbog visokog stupnja radničkog samoupravljanja i zbog uspješne suradnje među raznim revolucionarnim grupama. </p><p>U III. arrondissementu, na primjer, se besplatno dijelio školski pribor, tri su škole laicizirane i otvoreno je <a href="/wiki/Siroti%C5%A1te" title="Sirotište">sirotište</a>. U XX. arrondissementu su učenici besplatno dobivali odjeću i hranu. Bilo je još mnogo sličnih primjera, ali jedan od ključnih elemenata relativnog uspjeha Komune je bila inicijativa koju su u javnom sektoru pokazali obični radnici. Oni su uspješno na sebe preuzeli zadatke administratora i specijalista koje je Thiers odveo sa sobom. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> je kasnije tvrdio da su nepostojanje vojske, samouprava gradskih četvrti i druge osobitosti značile da Komuna nije više bila "država" u starom i represivnom smislu riječi: ona je bila jedan tranzicijski oblik koji je težio ka ukidanju države kao takve. Međutim, njezin budući razvoj je ipak ostao samo teorijsko pitanje. Nakon samo tjedan dana, postala je metom napada elemenata nove francuske vojske na vrat na nos sastavljene u Versaillesu. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pariška_komuna&oldid=6158953">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pariška_komuna&oldid=6158953</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Anarhizam" title="Kategorija:Anarhizam">Anarhizam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Povijest_Francuske_do_1914." title="Kategorija:Povijest Francuske do 1914.">Povijest Francuske do 1914.</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 19. prosinca 2021. u 15:21.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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