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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Convict_era_(1780s–1840s)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convict_era_(1780s–1840s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Convict era (1780s–1840s)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convict_era_(1780s–1840s)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gold_rush_era_(1850s–1860s)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gold_rush_era_(1850s–1860s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Gold rush era (1850s–1860s)</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Boy_bushrangers"_(1910s–1920s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>"Boy bushrangers" (1910s–1920s)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Boy_bushrangers"_(1910s–1920s)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_perception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_perception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Public perception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_perception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only 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<span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable bushrangers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_bushrangers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bushranger</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwylliaid_llwyni_Awstralia" title="Gwylliaid llwyni Awstralia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwylliaid llwyni Awstralia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger_(Australien)" title="Bushranger (Australien) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bushranger (Australien)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جنگل‌نشین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگل‌نشین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC" title="ブッシュレンジャー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブッシュレンジャー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%88%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Бушрейнджер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бушрейнджер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="دارستاننشین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دارستاننشین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushrangeri" title="Bushrangeri – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bushrangeri" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bushranger" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%9B%97" title="丛林大盗 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丛林大盗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2627286#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bushranger" title="Special:EditPage/Bushranger">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Bushranger%22">"Bushranger"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Bushranger%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Bushranger%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Bushranger%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Bushranger%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Bushranger%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Australian outlaws active during the 19th century</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bushranger_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bushranger (disambiguation)">Bushranger (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg/300px-William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg/450px-William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg/600px-William_Strutt_Bushrangers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Strutt_(artist)" title="William Strutt (artist)">William Strutt</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Bushrangers_on_the_St_Kilda_Road" title="Bushrangers on the St Kilda Road">Bushrangers on the St Kilda Road</a></i>, painted in 1887, depicts what Strutt described as "one of the most daring robberies attempted in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>" in 1852.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Bushrangers</b> were armed <a href="/wiki/Robbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Robbers">robbers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Outlaw" title="Outlaw">outlaws</a> who resided in <a href="/wiki/The_bush#Australia" title="The bush">the Australian bush</a> between the 1780s and the early 20th century. The original use of the term dates back to the early years of the British colonisation of Australia, and applied to <a href="/wiki/Convicts_in_Australia" title="Convicts in Australia">transported convicts</a> who had escaped into the bush to hide from the authorities. By the 1820s, the term had evolved to refer to those who took up "<a href="/wiki/Armed_robbery" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed robbery">robbery under arms</a>" as a way of life, using the bush as their base. </p><p>Bushranging thrived during the <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">gold rush</a> era of the mid-19th century, with many bushrangers roaming the goldfields and country districts of <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a>, and to a lesser extent <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>. As the outbreak worsened in the mid-1860s, the concept of outlawry was introduced to curtail the careers of the <a href="/wiki/Gardiner%E2%80%93Hall_gang" title="Gardiner–Hall gang">Gardiner–Hall gang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Morgan (bushranger)">Dan Morgan</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Clarke_gang" title="Clarke gang">Clarke gang</a>, among others. These "<a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Colonial_Boy" title="The Wild Colonial Boy">Wild Colonial Boys</a>", mostly Australian-born sons of convicts, were roughly analogous to British <a href="/wiki/Highwayman" title="Highwayman">highwaymen</a> and outlaws of the <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American Old West</a>, and their crimes typically included robbing small-town banks, bailing up coach services and plundering <a href="/wiki/Station_(Australian_agriculture)" title="Station (Australian agriculture)">stations</a> (pastoral estates). They also engaged in many shootouts with the police, resulting in deaths on both sides. </p><p>The number of bushrangers declined in the 1870s due to better policing and improvements in rail transport and communication technology, such as <a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">telegraphy</a>. The last major phase of bushranging occurred towards the end of the decade, epitomised by the Kelly gang in Victoria, led by <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a>, Australia's best-known bushranger and outlaw. Although bushrangers appeared sporadically into the early 20th century, most historians regard Kelly's capture and execution in 1880 as effectively representing the end of the bushranging era. </p><p>Bushranging exerted a powerful influence in Australia, lasting for over a century and predominating in the eastern colonies. Its origins in a convict system bred a unique kind of desperado, most frequently with an Irish political background. Native-born bushrangers also expressed nascent <a href="/wiki/Australian_nationalism" title="Australian nationalism">Australian nationalist</a> views and are recognised as "the first distinctively Australian characters to gain general recognition."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, a number of bushrangers became <a href="/wiki/Folk_hero" title="Folk hero">folk heroes</a> and symbols of rebellion against the authorities, admired for their bravery, rough chivalry and colourful personalities. However, in stark contrast to romantic portrayals in the arts and popular culture, bushrangers tended to lead lives that were "nasty, brutish and short", with some earning notoriety for their cruelty and bloodthirst. Australian attitudes toward bushrangers remain complex and ambivalent. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest documented use of the term appears in a February 1805 issue of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Gazette" title="The Sydney Gazette">The Sydney Gazette</a></i>, which reports that a cart had been stopped between Sydney and <a href="/wiki/Hawkesbury,_New_South_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawkesbury, New South Wales">Hawkesbury</a> by three men "whose appearance sanctioned the suspicion of their being bush-rangers".<sup id="cite_ref-adob_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adob-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Bigge" title="John Bigge">John Bigge</a> described bushranging in 1821 as "absconding in the woods and living upon plunder and the robbery of orchards." <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> likewise recorded in 1835 that a bushranger was "an open villain who subsists by highway robbery, and will sooner be killed than taken alive".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Over 2,000 bushrangers are estimated to have roamed the Australian countryside, beginning with the convict bolters and drawing to a close after <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a>'s last stand at <a href="/wiki/Glenrowan,_Victoria" title="Glenrowan, Victoria">Glenrowan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Convict_era_(1780s–1840s)"><span id="Convict_era_.281780s.E2.80.931840s.29"></span>Convict era (1780s–1840s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Convict era (1780s–1840s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Convicts_in_Australia" title="Convicts in Australia">Convicts in Australia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg/220px-Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg/330px-Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg/440px-Joseph_Lycett_View_upon_the_Napean.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5590" data-file-height="3476" /></a><figcaption>Convict artist <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lycett" title="Joseph Lycett">Joseph Lycett</a>'s 1825 painting of the <a href="/wiki/Nepean_River" title="Nepean River">Nepean River</a> shows a gang of bushrangers with guns.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bushranging began soon after British settlement with the establishment of <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Penal_colony" title="Penal colony">penal colony</a> in 1788. The majority of early bushrangers were convicts who had escaped prison, or from the properties of landowners to whom they had been assigned as servants. These bushrangers, also known as "bolters", preferred the hazards of wild, unexplored bushland surrounding <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> to the deprivation and brutality of convict life. The first notable bushranger, African convict <a href="/wiki/John_Caesar" title="John Caesar">John Caesar</a>, robbed settlers for food, and had a brief, tempestuous alliance with Aboriginal resistance fighters during <a href="/wiki/Pemulwuy#Pemulwuy.27s_War" title="Pemulwuy">Pemulwuy's War</a>. While other bushrangers would go on to fight alongside <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Australian">Indigenous Australians</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australian_frontier_wars" title="Australian frontier wars">frontier conflicts</a> with the colonial authorities, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_South_Wales" title="Government of New South Wales">Government</a> tried to bring an end to any such collaboration by rewarding Aborigines for returning convicts to custody. <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_tracker" title="Aboriginal tracker">Aboriginal trackers</a> would play a significant role in the hunt for bushrangers. </p><p>Colonel <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Mundy" title="Godfrey Mundy">Godfrey Mundy</a> described convict bushrangers as "desperate, hopeless, fearless; rendered so, perhaps, by the tyranny of a gaoler, of an overseer, or of a master to whom he has been assigned." <a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith_Hall" title="Edward Smith Hall">Edward Smith Hall</a>, editor of early Sydney newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/The_Monitor_(Sydney)" title="The Monitor (Sydney)">The Monitor</a></i>, agreed that the convict system was a breeding-ground for bushrangers due to its savagery, with starvation and acts of torture being rampant. "Liberty or Death!" was the cry of convict bushrangers, and in large numbers they roamed beyond Sydney, some hoping to reach <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, which was commonly believed to be connected by an overland route. Some bolters seized boats and set sail for foreign lands, but most were hunted down and brought back to Australia. Others attempted to inspire an overhaul of the convict system, or simply sought revenge on their captors. This latter desire found expression in the convict ballad "<a href="/wiki/Jim_Jones_at_Botany_Bay" title="Jim Jones at Botany Bay">Jim Jones at Botany Bay</a>", in which Jones, the narrator, plans to join bushranger <a href="/wiki/Jack_Donahue" title="Jack Donahue">Jack Donahue</a> and "gun the floggers down". </p><p>Donahue was the most notorious of the early New South Wales bushrangers, terrorising settlements outside Sydney from 1827 until he was fatally shot by a trooper in 1830.<sup id="cite_ref-adob_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adob-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, west of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Mountains_(New_South_Wales)" title="Blue Mountains (New South Wales)">Blue Mountains</a>, convict <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Entwistle" title="Ralph Entwistle">Ralph Entwistle</a> sparked a bushranging insurgency known as the <a href="/wiki/Bathurst_Rebellion" title="Bathurst Rebellion">Bathurst Rebellion</a>. He and his gang raided farms, liberating assigned convicts by force in the process, and within a month, his personal army numbered 80 men. Following gun battles with vigilante posses, mounted policemen and soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/39th_Regiment_of_Foot" class="mw-redirect" title="39th Regiment of Foot">39th</a> and <a href="/wiki/57th_(West_Middlesex)_Regiment_of_Foot" title="57th (West Middlesex) Regiment of Foot">57th Regiment of Foot</a>, he and nine of his men were captured and executed. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg/220px-Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg/330px-Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg/440px-Convicts_plundering_settlers%27_homesteads.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4701" data-file-height="2886" /></a><figcaption>Vandemonian bushrangers plundering and burning a homestead</figcaption></figure> <p>Convict bushrangers were particularly prevalent in the penal colony of <a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a> (now the state of <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>), established in 1803.<sup id="cite_ref-adob_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adob-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island's most powerful bushranger, the self-styled "Lieutenant Governor of the Woods", <a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe_(bushranger)" title="Michael Howe (bushranger)">Michael Howe</a>, led a gang of up to one hundred members "in what amounted to a civil war" with the colonial government.<sup id="cite_ref-boyce_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boyce-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His control over large swathes of the island prompted elite <a href="/wiki/Squatting_(pastoral)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squatting (pastoral)">squatters</a> from <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a> to collude with him, and for six months in 1815, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Lieutenant-Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Davey_(governor)" title="Thomas Davey (governor)">Thomas Davey</a>, fearing a convict uprising, declared <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> in an effort to suppress Howe's influence. Most of the gang had either been captured or killed by 1818, the year Howe was clubbed to death by a soldier.<sup id="cite_ref-boyce_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boyce-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vandemonian bushranging peaked in the 1820s with hundreds of bolters at large, among the most notorious being <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Brady_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Brady (bushranger)">Matthew Brady</a>'s gang, cannibal serial killers <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pearce" title="Alexander Pearce">Alexander Pearce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeffrey" title="Thomas Jeffrey">Thomas Jeffrey</a>, and tracker-turned-resistance leader <a href="/wiki/Musquito" title="Musquito">Musquito</a>. <a href="/wiki/William_Westwood_(bushranger)" title="William Westwood (bushranger)">Jackey Jackey</a> (alias of William Westwood) was sent from New South Wales to Van Diemen's Land in 1842 after attempting to escape <a href="/wiki/Cockatoo_Island_(New_South_Wales)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cockatoo Island (New South Wales)">Cockatoo Island</a>. In 1843, he escaped <a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmania" title="Port Arthur, Tasmania">Port Arthur</a>, and took up bushranging in Tasmania's mountains, but was recaptured and sent to <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a>, where, as leader of the 1846 <a href="/wiki/Cooking_Pot_Uprising" title="Cooking Pot Uprising">Cooking Pot Uprising</a>, he murdered three constables, and was hanged along with sixteen of his men. </p><p>The era of convict bushrangers gradually faded with the decline in penal transportations to Australia in the 1840s. It had ceased by the 1850s to all colonies except <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>, which accepted convicts between 1850 and 1868. The best-known convict bushranger of the colony was the prolific escapee <a href="/wiki/Moondyne_Joe" title="Moondyne Joe">Moondyne Joe</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gold_rush_era_(1850s–1860s)"><span id="Gold_rush_era_.281850s.E2.80.931860s.29"></span>Gold rush era (1850s–1860s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gold rush era (1850s–1860s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">Australian gold rushes</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg/170px-Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg/255px-Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg/340px-Bushrangers_Attack_Gold_Escort.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="929" /></a><figcaption>Bushrangers attack mounted policemen guarding a gold escort</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">Australian gold rushes</a> of the 1850s and 1860s marked the next distinct phase of bushranging, as the discovery of gold gave bushrangers access to great wealth that was portable and easily converted to cash. Their task was assisted by the isolated location of the goldfields and the decimation of the police force with many troopers abandoning their duties to join the gold rush.<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Victoria, several major gold robberies occurred in 1852–53. Three bushrangers, including George Melville, were hanged in front of a large crowd for their role in the 1853 McIvor Escort Robbery near <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine,_Victoria" title="Castlemaine, Victoria">Castlemaine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bushranging numbers also flourished in <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a> with the rise of the colonial-born sons of poor ex-convicts who were drawn to a more glamorous life than mining or farming.<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the activity in the colony was in the <a href="/wiki/Wyangala#Water_resources" title="Wyangala">Lachlan Valley</a>, around <a href="/wiki/Forbes,_New_South_Wales" title="Forbes, New South Wales">Forbes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yass,_New_South_Wales" title="Yass, New South Wales">Yass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cowra" title="Cowra">Cowra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CaptureofBenHall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CaptureofBenHall.jpg/220px-CaptureofBenHall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CaptureofBenHall.jpg/330px-CaptureofBenHall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CaptureofBenHall.jpg/440px-CaptureofBenHall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="454" /></a><figcaption>Ben Hall ambushed and shot dead by eight troopers, 1865</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gardiner%E2%80%93Hall_gang" title="Gardiner–Hall gang">Gardiner–Hall gang</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gardiner" title="Frank Gardiner">Frank Gardiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_(bushranger)" title="Ben Hall (bushranger)">Ben Hall</a> and counting <a href="/wiki/John_Dunn_(bushranger)" title="John Dunn (bushranger)">John Dunn</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert_(bushranger)" title="John Gilbert (bushranger)">John Gilbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Lowry" title="Fred Lowry">Fred Lowry</a> among its members, was responsible for some of the most daring robberies of the 1860s, including the <a href="/wiki/Escort_Rock#History" title="Escort Rock">1862 Escort Rock robbery</a>, Australia's largest ever gold heist. The gang also engaged in many shootouts with the police, resulting in deaths on both sides. Other bushrangers active in New South Wales during this period, such as <a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Morgan (bushranger)">Dan Morgan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NMA_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Clarke_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarke brothers">Clarke brothers</a> and their associates, murdered multiple policemen.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As bushranging continued to escalate in the 1860s, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_New_South_Wales" title="Parliament of New South Wales">Parliament of New South Wales</a> passed a bill, the <i>Felons Apprehension Act 1865</i>, that effectively allowed anyone to shoot outlawed bushrangers on sight.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time that the Clarke brothers were captured and hanged in 1867, organised gang bushranging in New South Wales had effectively ceased. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Captain_Thunderbolt" title="Captain Thunderbolt">Captain Thunderbolt</a> (alias of Frederick Ward) robbed inns and mail-coaches across northern New South Wales for six and a half years, one of the longest careers of any bushranger.<sup id="cite_ref-adob_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adob-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sometimes operated alone; at other times, he led gangs, and was accompanied by his Aboriginal 'wife', <a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Bugg" title="Mary Ann Bugg">Mary Ann Bugg</a>, who is credited with helping extend his career.<sup id="cite_ref-adob_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adob-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_and_the_Kelly_gang_(1870s–1880s)"><span id="Decline_and_the_Kelly_gang_.281870s.E2.80.931880s.29"></span>Decline and the Kelly gang (1870s–1880s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Decline and the Kelly gang (1870s–1880s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg/170px-The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg/255px-The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg/340px-The_Last_of_the_Bushrangers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="1644" /></a><figcaption>An 1870 cartoon shows a personification of New South Wales slaying "the last of the bushrangers"</figcaption></figure> <p>The increasing push of settlement, increased police efficiency, improvements in <a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Australia" title="History of rail transport in Australia">rail transport</a> and communications technology, such as <a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">telegraphy</a>, made it more difficult for bushrangers to evade capture. In 1870, Captain Thunderbolt was fatally shot by a policeman, and with his death, the New South Wales bushranging epidemic that began in the early 1860s came to an end.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg/220px-Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg/330px-Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg/440px-Moonlite_gang_gunfight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Watched by hundreds of onlookers in the surrounding hills, troopers and <a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite" title="Captain Moonlite">Captain Moonlite</a>'s gang engage in a gunfight in 1879.</figcaption></figure> <p>The scholarly, but eccentric <a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite" title="Captain Moonlite">Captain Moonlite</a> (alias of Andrew George Scott) worked as an Anglican <a href="/wiki/Lay_reader" class="mw-redirect" title="Lay reader">lay reader</a> before turning to bushranging. Imprisoned in <a href="/wiki/Ballarat" title="Ballarat">Ballarat</a> for an armed bank robbery on the Victorian goldfields, he escaped, but was soon recaptured and received a ten-year sentence in <a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Pentridge" title="HM Prison Pentridge">HM Prison Pentridge</a>. Within a year of his release in 1879, he and his gang held up the town of <a href="/wiki/Wantabadgery" title="Wantabadgery">Wantabadgery</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Riverina" title="Riverina">Riverina</a>. Two of the gang (including Moonlite's "soulmate" and alleged lover, James Nesbitt) and one trooper were killed when the police attacked. Scott was found guilty of murder and hanged along with one of his accomplices on 20 January 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the last bushrangers was the Kelly gang in Victoria, led by <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a>, Australia's most famous bushranger. After murdering three policemen in a shootout in 1878, the gang was outlawed, and after raiding towns and robbing banks into 1879, earned the distinction of having the largest reward ever placed on the heads of bushrangers. In 1880, after failing to derail and ambush a police train, the gang, clad in <a href="/wiki/Armour_of_the_Kelly_gang" title="Armour of the Kelly gang">bulletproof armour</a> they had devised, engaged in a shootout with the police. Ned Kelly, the only gang member to survive, was hanged at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Melbourne_Gaol" title="Old Melbourne Gaol">Melbourne Gaol</a> on 11 November 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isolated_outbreaks_(1890s–1900s)"><span id="Isolated_outbreaks_.281890s.E2.80.931900s.29"></span>Isolated outbreaks (1890s–1900s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Isolated outbreaks (1890s–1900s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 1900, the Governor brothers—a trio group consisting of an Aboriginal fencing contractor named <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Governor" title="Jimmy Governor">Jimmy Governor</a> and his associates, Joe Governor and Jack Underwood—perpetrated the Breelong Massacre, wounding one and killing five members of the Mawbey family.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The massacre sparked the Governor brothers to engage in a crime spree across northern New South Wales, triggering one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Manhunt_(law_enforcement)" title="Manhunt (law enforcement)">manhunts</a> in Australian history, with 2,000 armed civilians and police covering 3,000 km of northern New South Wales in a search for the brothers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Governor brothers were pursued by authorities for a total of three months, consequently being brought down on 27 October with the arrest of Jimmy Governor by a group of armed locals in <a href="/wiki/Bobin,_New_South_Wales" title="Bobin, New South Wales">Bobin, NSW</a>, and the death of his brother, Joe Governor, near <a href="/wiki/Singleton,_New_South_Wales" title="Singleton, New South Wales">Singleton, NSW</a> a few days later.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jack Underwood (who had been caught shortly after the Breelong Massacre) was hanged in <a href="/wiki/Dubbo_Gaol" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbo Gaol">Dubbo Gaol</a> on 14 January 1901, and Jimmy Governor was hanged in <a href="/wiki/Darlinghurst_Gaol" title="Darlinghurst Gaol">Darlinghurst Gaol</a> on 18 January 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Boy_bushrangers"_(1910s–1920s)"><span id=".22Boy_bushrangers.22_.281910s.E2.80.931920s.29"></span>"Boy bushrangers" (1910s–1920s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: "Boy bushrangers" (1910s–1920s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final phase of bushranging was sustained by the so-called "boy bushrangers"—youths who sought to commit crimes, mostly armed robberies, modelled on the exploits of their bushranging "heroes". The majority were captured alive without any fatalities.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_perception">Public perception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Public perception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg/300px-Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg/450px-Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg/600px-Joe_Byrne_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1582" /></a><figcaption>The body of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Byrne" title="Joe Byrne">Joe Byrne</a>, strung up as a curiosity in Benalla, 1880. Photograph by <a href="/wiki/John_William_Lindt" title="John William Lindt">John William Lindt</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Australia, bushrangers often attract public sympathy (cf. the concept of <a href="/wiki/Social_bandits" class="mw-redirect" title="Social bandits">social bandits</a>). In <a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia" title="History of Australia">Australian history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> bushrangers are held in some esteem in some quarters due to the harshness and <a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">anti-Catholicism</a> of the colonial authorities whom they embarrassed, and the romanticism of the lawlessness they represented. Some bushrangers, most notably <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a> in his <a href="/wiki/The_Jerilderie_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jerilderie Letter">Jerilderie letter</a>, and in his final raid on <a href="/wiki/Glenrowan,_Victoria" title="Glenrowan, Victoria">Glenrowan</a>, explicitly represented themselves as political rebels. Attitudes to Kelly, by far the most well-known bushranger, exemplify the ambivalent views of Australians regarding bushranging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The impact of bushrangers upon the areas in which they roamed is evidenced in the names of many geographical features in Australia, including <a href="/wiki/Tamar_River" title="Tamar River">Brady's Lookout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moondyne_Cave" title="Moondyne Cave">Moondyne Cave</a>, the township of <a href="/wiki/Codrington,_Victoria" title="Codrington, Victoria">Codrington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tennent" title="Mount Tennent">Mount Tennent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thunderbolts_Way" title="Thunderbolts Way">Thunderbolts Way</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_within_the_Jenolan_Caves_karst" class="mw-redirect" title="List of caves within the Jenolan Caves karst">Ward's Mistake</a>. The districts of <a href="/wiki/North_East_Victoria" title="North East Victoria">North East Victoria</a> are unofficially known as Kelly Country.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some bushrangers made a mark on <a href="/wiki/Australian_literature" title="Australian literature">Australian literature</a>. While running from soldiers in 1818, Michael Howe dropped a knapsack containing a self-made book of kangaroo skin and written in kangaroo blood. In it was a <a href="/wiki/Dream_diary" title="Dream diary">dream diary</a> and plans for a settlement he intended to found in the bush.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometime bushranger Francis MacNamara, also known as <a href="/wiki/Frank_the_Poet" title="Frank the Poet">Frank the Poet</a>, wrote some of the best-known poems of the convict era. Several convict bushrangers also wrote autobiographies, including Jackey Jackey, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cash" title="Martin Cash">Martin Cash</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owen_Suffolk" title="Owen Suffolk">Owen Suffolk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_depictions">Cultural depictions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultural depictions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thunderbolt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Thunderbolt.JPG/220px-Thunderbolt.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Thunderbolt.JPG/330px-Thunderbolt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Thunderbolt.JPG/440px-Thunderbolt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1699" data-file-height="1537" /></a><figcaption>A statue of Captain Thunderbolt, Uralla, New South Wales</figcaption></figure> <p>Jack Donahue was the first bushranger to have inspired <a href="/wiki/Bush_ballad" title="Bush ballad">bush ballads</a>, including "Bold Jack Donahue" and "<a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Colonial_Boy" title="The Wild Colonial Boy">The Wild Colonial Boy</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-RTA_–_Windsor_Rd_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RTA_–_Windsor_Rd-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ben Hall and his gang were the subject of several bush ballads, including "<a href="/wiki/Streets_of_Forbes" title="Streets of Forbes">Streets of Forbes</a>". </p><p>Michael Howe inspired the earliest play set in Tasmania, <i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe,_The_Terror_of_Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Michael Howe, The Terror of Van Diemen's Land">Michael Howe, The Terror of Van Diemen's Land</a></i>, which premiered at <a href="/wiki/The_Old_Vic" title="The Old Vic">The Old Vic</a> in London in 1821. Other early plays about bushrangers include <a href="/wiki/David_Burn" title="David Burn">David Burn</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushrangers_(Burn_play)" title="The Bushrangers (Burn play)">The Bushrangers</a></i> (1829), <a href="/wiki/William_Leman_Rede" title="William Leman Rede">William Leman Rede</a>'s <i>Faith and Falsehood; or, The Fate of the Bushranger</i> (1830), <a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Moncrieff" title="William Thomas Moncrieff">William Thomas Moncrieff</a>'s <i>Van Diemen's Land: An Operatic Drama</i> (1831), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushrangers" title="The Bushrangers">The Bushrangers; or, Norwood Vale</a></i> (1834) by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Melville" title="Henry Melville">Henry Melville</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushrangers,_a_Play_in_Five_Acts,_and_Other_Poems" title="The Bushrangers, a Play in Five Acts, and Other Poems">The Bushrangers; or, The Tregedy of Donohoe</a></i> (1835) by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Harpur" title="Charles Harpur">Charles Harpur</a>. </p><p>In the late 19th century, <a href="/wiki/E._W._Hornung" title="E. W. Hornung">E. W. Hornung</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hume_Nisbet" title="Hume Nisbet">Hume Nisbet</a> created popular bushranger novels within the conventions of the European "noble bandit" tradition. First serialised in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Mail" title="The Sydney Mail">The Sydney Mail</a></i> in 1882–83, <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Boldrewood" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolf Boldrewood">Rolf Boldrewood</a>'s bushranging novel <i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms" title="Robbery Under Arms">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> is considered a classic of Australian colonial literature. It also cited as an important influence on the American writer <a href="/wiki/Owen_Wister" title="Owen Wister">Owen Wister</a>'s 1902 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virginian_(novel)" title="The Virginian (novel)">The Virginian</a></i>, widely regarded as the first <a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bushrangers were a favoured subject of colonial artists such as <a href="/wiki/S._T._Gill" title="S. T. Gill">S. T. Gill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Mahony" title="Frank P. Mahony">Frank P. Mahony</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Strutt_(artist)" title="William Strutt (artist)">William Strutt</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tom_Roberts" title="Tom Roberts">Tom Roberts</a>, one of the leading figures of the <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_School" title="Heidelberg School">Heidelberg School</a> (also known as <a href="/wiki/Australian_Impressionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Impressionism">Australian Impressionism</a>), depicted bushrangers in some of his history paintings, including <i><a href="/wiki/In_a_corner_on_the_Macintyre" class="mw-redirect" title="In a corner on the Macintyre">In a corner on the Macintyre</a></i> (1894) and <i><a href="/wiki/Bailed_Up" title="Bailed Up">Bailed Up</a></i> (1895), both set in <a href="/wiki/Inverell" title="Inverell">Inverell</a>, the area where Captain Thunderbolt was once active. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Reay's portrait of Frank Gardiner, 1867"><img alt="William Reay's portrait of Frank Gardiner, 1867" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg/205px-William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg/307px-William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg/410px-William_Reay_Frank_Gardiner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">William Reay's portrait of Frank Gardiner, 1867</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 243.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 241.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tom Roberts' 1895 painting Bailed Up depicts a Cobb & Co hold up from the 1860s"><img alt="Tom Roberts' 1895 painting Bailed Up depicts a Cobb & Co hold up from the 1860s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/362px-Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="242" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/543px-Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/724px-Tom_Roberts_-_Bailed_up_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5001" data-file-height="3618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Roberts" title="Tom Roberts">Tom Roberts</a>' 1895 painting <i><a href="/wiki/Bailed_Up" title="Bailed Up">Bailed Up</a></i> depicts a <a href="/wiki/Cobb_%26_Co" title="Cobb & Co">Cobb & Co</a> hold up from the 1860s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="George Washington Lambert's romanticised portrayal of Kate Kelly endeavouring to make her way to her brothers during the Glenrowan siege"><img alt="George Washington Lambert's romanticised portrayal of Kate Kelly endeavouring to make her way to her brothers during the Glenrowan siege" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg/376px-George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg" decoding="async" width="251" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg/564px-George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg/752px-George_Washington_Lambert_Kate_Kelly_during_the_last_stand_of_the_Kelly_Gang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3355" data-file-height="2338" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Lambert" title="George Washington Lambert">George Washington Lambert</a>'s romanticised portrayal of <a href="/wiki/Kate_Kelly_(sister_of_Ned_Kelly)" title="Kate Kelly (sister of Ned Kelly)">Kate Kelly</a> endeavouring to make her way to her brothers during the Glenrowan siege</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old,_1892.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frank P. Mahony, As in the days of old, 1892"><img alt="Frank P. Mahony, As in the days of old, 1892" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg/201px-Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg/302px-Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg/402px-Frank_Mahony_-_As_in_the_days_of_old%2C_1892.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="781" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Mahony" title="Frank P. Mahony">Frank P. Mahony</a>, <i>As in the days of old</i>, 1892</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Film">Film</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg/220px-The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg/330px-The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg/440px-The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang_1906.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1058" /></a><figcaption>Actor playing Ned Kelly in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang" title="The Story of the Kelly Gang">The Story of the Kelly Gang</a></i> (1906), the world's first feature-length narrative film</figcaption></figure> <p>Although not the first Australian film with a bushranging theme, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang" title="The Story of the Kelly Gang">The Story of the Kelly Gang</a></i> (1906)—the world's first <a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">feature-length</a> <a href="/wiki/Fictional_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional film">narrative film</a>—is regarded as having set the template for the genre. On the back of the film's success, its producers released <a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1907_Tait_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1907 Tait film)">one of two 1907 film adaptations</a> of Boldrewood's <i>Robbery Under Arms</i> (the other being <a href="/wiki/Charles_MacMahon_(theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles MacMahon (theatre)">Charles MacMahon's</a> <a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1907_MacMahon_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1907 MacMahon film)">version</a>). Entering the first "golden age" of Australian cinema (1910–12), director <a href="/wiki/John_Gavin_(director)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Gavin (director)">John Gavin</a> released two fictionalised accounts of real-life bushrangers: <i><a href="/wiki/Moonlite" title="Moonlite">Moonlite</a></i> (1910) and <i><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(1910_film)" title="Thunderbolt (1910 film)">Thunderbolt</a></i> (1910). The genre's popularity with audiences led to a spike of production unprecedented in world cinema.<sup id="cite_ref-chron_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chron-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(film)" title="Dan Morgan (film)">Dan Morgan</a></i> (1911) is notable for portraying its title character as an insane villain rather than a figure of romance. Ben Hall, Frank Gardiner, Captain Starlight, and numerous other bushrangers also received cinematic treatments at this time. </p><p>Alarmed by what they saw as the glorification of outlawry, state governments <a href="/wiki/Bushranger_ban" title="Bushranger ban">imposed a ban on bushranger films</a> in 1912, effectively removing "the entire folklore relating to bushrangers ... from the most popular form of cultural expression."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is seen as a major reason for the collapse of a booming Australian film industry.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the few Australian films to escape the ban before it was lifted in the 1940s is the <a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1920_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1920 film)">1920 adaptation</a> of <i>Robbery Under Arms</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-chron_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chron-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also during this lull appeared American takes on the bushranger genre, including <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushranger_(1928_film)" title="The Bushranger (1928 film)">The Bushranger</a></i> (1928), <i><a href="/wiki/Stingaree_(1934_film)" title="Stingaree (1934 film)">Stingaree</a></i> (1934) and <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Fury" title="Captain Fury">Captain Fury</a></i> (1939). </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(1970_film)" title="Ned Kelly (1970 film)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1970) starred <a href="/wiki/Mick_Jagger" title="Mick Jagger">Mick Jagger</a> in the title role. <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hopper" title="Dennis Hopper">Dennis Hopper</a> portrayed Dan Morgan in <i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Dog_Morgan" title="Mad Dog Morgan">Mad Dog Morgan</a></i> (1976). More recent bushranger films include <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(2003_film)" title="Ned Kelly (2003 film)"><i>Ned Kelly</i></a> (2003), starring <a href="/wiki/Heath_Ledger" title="Heath Ledger">Heath Ledger</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Proposition_(2005_film)" title="The Proposition (2005 film)">The Proposition</a></i> (2005), written by <a href="/wiki/Nick_Cave" title="Nick Cave">Nick Cave</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Outlaw_Michael_Howe" title="The Outlaw Michael Howe">The Outlaw Michael Howe</a></i> (2013), and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Ben_Hall" title="The Legend of Ben Hall">The Legend of Ben Hall</a></i> (2016). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_bushrangers">Notable bushrangers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable bushrangers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Lived</th> <th>Area of activity</th> <th>Fate</th> <th>Portrait </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Clarke_(convict)" title="George Clarke (convict)">The Barber</a> (alias of George Clarke)</td> <td>1806–1835</td> <td>Liverpool Plains in New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bluecap_(bushranger)" title="Bluecap (bushranger)">Bluecap</a> (alias of Robert Cotterell)</td> <td>c. 1835–?</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Imprisoned, cause of death unknown</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg/170px-Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg/255px-Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg/340px-Blue_Cap_Robert_Cotterell_Penzig_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="1152" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Brady" title="Matthew Brady">Matthew Brady</a></td> <td>1799–1826</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Matthew_Brady.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Matthew_Brady.jpg/168px-Matthew_Brady.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Matthew_Brady.jpg/251px-Matthew_Brady.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Matthew_Brady.jpg/335px-Matthew_Brady.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="603" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Broughton" title="Edward Broughton">Edward Broughton</a></td> <td>1803–1831</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Bugg" title="Mary Ann Bugg">Mary Ann Bugg</a></td> <td>1834–1905</td> <td>Northern New South Wales</td> <td>Died of old age </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgess_(murderer)" title="Richard Burgess (murderer)">Richard Burgess</a></td> <td>1829–1866</td> <td>New South Wales<br />Victoria</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Burke_(bushranger)" title="Michael Burke (bushranger)">Michael Burke</a></td> <td>1843–1863</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg/170px-Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg/255px-Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg/340px-Mickey_Burke_the_bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="491" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Byrne" title="Joe Byrne">Joe Byrne</a></td> <td>1857–1880</td> <td>North East Victoria</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Byrne_the_19th-century_outlaw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cb/Joe_Byrne_the_19th-century_outlaw.jpg/170px-Joe_Byrne_the_19th-century_outlaw.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cb/Joe_Byrne_the_19th-century_outlaw.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="284" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Caesar" title="John Caesar">John Caesar</a></td> <td>1764–1796</td> <td>Sydney area</td> <td>Shot </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Campbell_(bushranger)" title="Johnny Campbell (bushranger)">Johnny Campbell</a></td> <td>c. 1846–1880</td> <td>South East Queensland</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Johnny_Campbell,_Aboriginal_outlaw,_captured_at_Tewantin,_1880.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png/170px-Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png/255px-Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png/340px-Johnny_Campbell%2C_Aboriginal_outlaw%2C_captured_at_Tewantin%2C_1880.png 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="949" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCallum" title="Frank McCallum">Captain Melville</a> (alias of Frank McCallum)</td> <td>c. 1823–1857</td> <td>Goldfields region of Victoria</td> <td>Suicide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite" title="Captain Moonlite">Captain Moonlite</a> (alias of Andrew George Scott)</td> <td>1842–1880</td> <td>Victoria<br />New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_George_Scott,_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg/170px-Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg/255px-Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg/340px-Andrew_George_Scott%2C_alias_Captain_Moonlite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1861" data-file-height="2974" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pearson" title="Frank Pearson">Captain Starlight</a> (alias of Frank Pearson)</td> <td>1837–1889</td> <td>New South Wales<br />Queensland</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_Thunderbolt" title="Captain Thunderbolt">Captain Thunderbolt</a> (alias of Frederick Ward)</td> <td>1835–1870</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Fred_Ward_(alias_Captain_Thunderbolt)_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg/169px-Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg/254px-Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg/339px-Fred_Ward_%28alias_Captain_Thunderbolt%29_Australian_bushranger_after_being_shot_in_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1806" data-file-height="2165" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cash" title="Martin Cash">Martin Cash</a></td> <td>c. 1808–1877</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg/170px-Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg/255px-Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg/340px-Bushranger_Martin_Cash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clarke_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarke brothers">Clarke brothers</a></td> <td>1840/1846–1867</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg/170px-Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg/255px-Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg/340px-Clarke_brothers_bushrangers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="892" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cranley" title="Frederick Cranley">Frederick Cranley</a></td> <td>c. 1847–1877</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Daley" title="Patrick Daley">Patrick Daley</a></td> <td>1844–?</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg/170px-Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg/255px-Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg/340px-Patrick_Daley_bushranger_prison_photograph_Sept_1863.jpg 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="885" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Davis_(bushranger)" title="Edward Davis (bushranger)">Edward Davis</a></td> <td>?–1841</td> <td>Northern New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Donahue" title="Jack Donahue">Jack Donahue</a></td> <td>c. 1806–1830</td> <td>Sydney area</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg/170px-John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg/255px-John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg/340px-John_Donohoe_1830_Thomas_Mitchell_a928129.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1214" data-file-height="662" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Rammer" title="Jack the Rammer">Jack the Rammer</a> (alias of William Roberts)</td> <td>?–1834</td> <td>South Eastern New South Wales</td> <td>Shot </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Dunn_(bushranger)" title="John Dunn (bushranger)">John Dunn</a></td> <td>1846–1866</td> <td>Western New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg/170px-Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg/255px-Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg/340px-Dunn_the_bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="890" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Entwistle" title="Ralph Entwistle">Ralph Entwistle</a></td> <td>c. 1805–1830</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Flick" title="Joe Flick">Joe Flick</a></td> <td>c.1865–1889</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Country" title="Gulf Country">Gulf Country</a> of Queensland</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Francis_(bushranger)" title="John Francis (bushranger)">John Francis</a></td> <td>c. 1825–?</td> <td>Goldfields region of Victoria</td> <td>Imprisoned, cause of death unknown </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gardiner" title="Frank Gardiner">Frank Gardiner</a></td> <td>c. 1829–c. 1882</td> <td>Western New South Wales</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg/170px-Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg/255px-Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg/340px-Frank_Gardiner_bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="931" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert_(bushranger)" title="John Gilbert (bushranger)">John Gilbert</a></td> <td>1842–1865</td> <td>Western New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JohnGilbert(bushranger).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg/170px-JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg/255px-JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg/340px-JohnGilbert%28bushranger%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="834" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Governor" title="Jimmy Governor">Jimmy Governor</a></td> <td>1875–1901</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg/170px-Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg/255px-Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg/340px-Oscar_Fristr%C3%B6m_portrait_of_Jimmy_Governor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_(bushranger)" title="Ben Hall (bushranger)">Ben Hall</a></td> <td>1837–1865</td> <td>Western New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BenHallPainting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BenHallPainting.jpg/170px-BenHallPainting.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BenHallPainting.jpg/255px-BenHallPainting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BenHallPainting.jpg/340px-BenHallPainting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="592" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_Hart" title="Steve Hart">Steve Hart</a></td> <td>1859–1880</td> <td>North East Victoria</td> <td>Possible suicide</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SteveHart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/SteveHart.jpg/170px-SteveHart.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/SteveHart.jpg/255px-SteveHart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/SteveHart.jpg/340px-SteveHart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="758" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe_(bushranger)" title="Michael Howe (bushranger)">Michael Howe</a></td> <td>1787–1818</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeffrey" title="Thomas Jeffrey">Thomas Jeffrey</a></td> <td>1791–1826</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg/170px-Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg/255px-Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg/340px-Thomas_Jeffries_SLNSW_FL1076950_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="515" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(bushranger)" title="George Jones (bushranger)">George Jones</a></td> <td>c. 1815–1844</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kavenagh" title="Lawrence Kavenagh">Lawrence Kavenagh</a></td> <td>c. 1805–1846</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg/170px-Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg/255px-Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg/340px-Bushranger_Lawrence_Kavanagh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="670" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kelly_(bushranger)" title="Dan Kelly (bushranger)">Dan Kelly</a></td> <td>c. 1861–1880</td> <td>North East Victoria</td> <td>Possible suicide</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DanKellyOutlaw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/DanKellyOutlaw.jpg/170px-DanKellyOutlaw.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/DanKellyOutlaw.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="284" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a></td> <td>c. 1854–1880</td> <td>North East Victoria</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png/170px-Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png/255px-Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png/340px-Ned_Kelly_in_1880.png 2x" data-file-width="613" data-file-height="882" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kenniff" title="Patrick Kenniff">Patrick Kenniff</a></td> <td>1865–1903</td> <td>Queensland</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg/170px-StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg/255px-StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg/340px-StateLibQld_2_41055_Patrick_Kenniff_on_trial_for_murder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Kerney" title="John Kerney">John Kerney</a></td> <td>c. 1844–1892</td> <td>South Australia</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fred_Lowry" title="Fred Lowry">Fred Lowry</a></td> <td>1836–1863</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg/170px-Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg/255px-Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg/340px-Bushranger_Fred_Lowry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="511" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch_(serial_killer)" title="John Lynch (serial killer)">John Lynch</a></td> <td>1813–1842</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Alpin_McPherson" title="James Alpin McPherson">James McPherson</a></td> <td>1842–1895</td> <td>Queensland</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson,_1866.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg/170px-StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg/255px-StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg/340px-StateLibQld_2_124486_Bushranger_James_MacPherson%2C_1866.jpg 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="522" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Manns" title="Henry Manns">Henry Manns</a></td> <td>1839–1863</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg/170px-Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg/255px-Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg/340px-Henry_Manns_Bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="1279" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Midnight_(bushranger)" title="Midnight (bushranger)">Midnight</a> (alias of Thomas Law)</td> <td>c. 1850–1878</td> <td>New South Wales<br />Queensland</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moondyne_Joe" title="Moondyne Joe">Moondyne Joe</a> (alias of Joseph Johns)</td> <td>c. 1828–1900</td> <td>Western Australia</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moondyne_Joe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Moondyne_Joe.jpg/170px-Moondyne_Joe.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Moondyne_Joe.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="403" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Morgan (bushranger)">Dan Morgan</a></td> <td>c. 1830–1865</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg/170px-Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg/255px-Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg/340px-Mad_Dog_Morgan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="918" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Musquito_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Musquito (bushranger)">Musquito</a></td> <td>c. 1780–1825</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Musquito_bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Musquito_bushranger.jpg/170px-Musquito_bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Musquito_bushranger.jpg/255px-Musquito_bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Musquito_bushranger.jpg/340px-Musquito_bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="925" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Nesbitt_(bushranger)" title="James Nesbitt (bushranger)">James Nesbitt</a></td> <td>1858–1879</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Meally" title="John O'Meally">John O'Meally</a></td> <td>1841–1863</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Shot </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Palmer_(bushranger)" title="George Palmer (bushranger)">George Palmer</a></td> <td>c. 1846–1869</td> <td>Queensland</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg/170px-Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg/255px-Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Bushranger_George_Palmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="287" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pearce" title="Alexander Pearce">Alexander Pearce</a></td> <td>1790–1824</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WP_Alexander_Pearce_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-WP_Alexander_Pearce_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="433" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Peisley_(bushranger)" title="John Peisley (bushranger)">John Peisley</a></td> <td>1834–1862</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sam_Poo" title="Sam Poo">Sam Poo</a></td> <td>?–1865</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Power" title="Harry Power">Harry Power</a></td> <td>1819–1891</td> <td>North East Victoria</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bushranger_Harry_Power.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bushranger_Harry_Power.jpg/170px-Bushranger_Harry_Power.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Bushranger_Harry_Power.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="302" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Whelan_(bushranger)" title="John Whelan (bushranger)">Rocky</a> (alias of John Whelan)</td> <td>c. 1805–1855</td> <td>Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Owen_Suffolk" title="Owen Suffolk">Owen Suffolk</a></td> <td>1829–?</td> <td>Victoria</td> <td>Imprisoned, cause of death unknown </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Sutherland_(bushranger)" title="James Sutherland (bushranger)">James Sutherland</a></td> <td>1865–1883</td> <td>Tasmania</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg/170px-James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg/255px-James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg/340px-James_Sutherland_Tasmanian_Bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="829" data-file-height="1170" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tennant_(bushranger)" title="John Tennant (bushranger)">John Tennant</a></td> <td>1794–1837</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Hanged </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Thompson_(bushranger)" title="John Thompson (bushranger)">John Thompson</a></td> <td>c. 1847–?</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Imprisoned, cause of death unknown</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg/170px-John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg/255px-John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/John_Thompson_Bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="452" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Vane_(bushranger)" title="John Vane (bushranger)">John Vane</a></td> <td>1842–1906</td> <td>New South Wales</td> <td>Imprisoned, died a free man</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg/170px-John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg/255px-John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/John_Vane_the_bushranger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="375" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wild_Toby" title="Wild Toby">Wild Toby</a></td> <td>c. 1840–1883</td> <td>Queensland</td> <td>Shot by police </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Westwood_(bushranger)" title="William Westwood (bushranger)">William Westwood</a></td> <td>1820–1846</td> <td>New South Wales<br />Van Diemen's Land</td> <td>Hanged</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg/170px-William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg/255px-William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg/340px-William_Westwood_Jackey_Jackey_death_mask.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="2771" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://u21museums.unimelb.edu.au/museumcollections/melbourne/ianpotter/bushrangers.html">Ian Potter Museum collection: Bushrangers</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110228164026/http://u21museums.unimelb.edu.au/museumcollections/melbourne/ianpotter/bushrangers.html">Archived</a> 28 February 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, u21museums.unimelb.edu.au. Retrieved on 9 January 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hirst, John Bradley. <i>Freedom on the Fatal Shore</i>. Black Inc., 2008. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781863952071" title="Special:BookSources/9781863952071">9781863952071</a>, pp. 408–409.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adob-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-adob_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adob_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adob_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adob_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-adob_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, Jane (14 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/essay/12">"Bushrangers in the Australian Dictionary of Biography"</a>, Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 14 June 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Bushranging". <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Encyclopaedia" title="Australian Encyclopaedia">The Australian Encyclopedia</a></i>. 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Crows Nest, New South Wales: <a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin" title="Allen & Unwin">Allen & Unwin</a>, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74237-287-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74237-287-7">978-1-74237-287-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/scott-andrew-george-4546">"Andrew George Scott (1842–1880)"</a>, <i>Australian Dictionary of Biography</i>, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.atitle=Andrew+George+Scott+%281842%E2%80%931880%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fscott-andrew-george-4546&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2984082">"The Execution of Ned Kelly"</a>. <i>West Australian</i>. 23 November 1880<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=West+Australian&rft.atitle=The+Execution+of+Ned+Kelly&rft.date=1880-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article2984082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.sl.nsw.gov.au/archive/discover_collections/people_places/caergwrle/bushrangers/governor/index.html">"The Governor Brothers | State Library of New South Wales"</a>. <i>www2.sl.nsw.gov.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.sl.nsw.gov.au&rft.atitle=The+Governor+Brothers+%7C+State+Library+of+New+South+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.sl.nsw.gov.au%2Farchive%2Fdiscover_collections%2Fpeople_places%2Fcaergwrle%2Fbushrangers%2Fgovernor%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh" class="citation cs2">Walsh, G. P., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/governor-jimmy-6439">"Governor, Jimmy (1875–1901)"</a>, <i>Australian Dictionary of Biography</i>, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.atitle=Governor%2C+Jimmy+%281875%E2%80%931901%29&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=G.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fgovernor-jimmy-6439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, Murray (2010). "Australian Bushrangers: Law, Retribution and the Public Imagination". In Robinson, Shirley; Lincoln, Robyn. <i>Crime Over Time: Temporal Perspectives on Crime and Punishment in Australia</i>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 1–19. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781443824569" title="Special:BookSources/9781443824569">9781443824569</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-693738481">"Ned Kelly and the myth of a republic of North-Eastern Victoria"</a>. <i>National Library of Australia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Library+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Ned+Kelly+and+the+myth+of+a+republic+of+North-Eastern+Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.obj-693738481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-02-26/thomas-davey-lachlan-macquarie-michael-howe-hobart-history/101827778">"How 'demon bushranger' Michael Howe fought off a 'drunken buffoon' governor and won"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. 25 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=How+%27demon+bushranger%27+Michael+Howe+fought+off+a+%27drunken+buffoon%27+governor+and+won&rft.date=2023-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-02-26%2Fthomas-davey-lachlan-macquarie-michael-howe-hobart-history%2F101827778&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RTA_–_Windsor_Rd-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RTA_–_Windsor_Rd_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/index.cgi?action=heritage.show&id=4301011">"Old Windsor Road and Windsor Road Heritage Precincts"</a>. <i>Heritage and conservation register</i>. <a href="/wiki/Roads_%26_Traffic_Authority" title="Roads & Traffic Authority">Roads & Traffic Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070903200821/http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/index.cgi?action=heritage.show&id=4301011">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heritage+and+conservation+register&rft.atitle=Old+Windsor+Road+and+Windsor+Road+Heritage+Precincts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rta.nsw.gov.au%2Fcgi-bin%2Findex.cgi%3Faction%3Dheritage.show%26id%3D4301011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABushranger" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graulich, Melody; Tatum, Stephen. <i>Reading the Virginian in the New West</i>. Lincoln, Nebraska: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-7104-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-7104-2">0-8032-7104-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chron-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chron_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chron_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aso.gov.au/chronology/1910s/">Australian film and television chronology: The 1910s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20160829080323/http://aso.gov.au/chronology/1910s/">Archived</a> 29 August 2016 at Wikiwix, Australian Screen. Retrieved 8 October 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooper, Ross; Pike, Andrew. <i>Australian Film, 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195507843" title="Special:BookSources/9780195507843">9780195507843</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reade, Eric (1970) <i>Australian Silent Films: A Pictorial History of Silent Films from 1896 to 1926</i>. Melbourne: Lansdowne Press, 59. See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/01/18/oz_western.html">Routt, William D. More Australian than Aristotelian:The Australian Bushranger Film, 1904–1914. <i>Senses of Cinema</i> 18 (January–February), 2002</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101224214514/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/01/18/oz_western.html">Archived</a> 24 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The banning of bushranger films in NSW is fictionalised in <a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Heyman" title="Kathryn Heyman">Kathryn Heyman</a>'s 2006 novel, <i>Captain Starlight's Apprentice</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushranger&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bushrangers" title="Template:Bushrangers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bushrangers" title="Template talk:Bushrangers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bushrangers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bushrangers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bushrangers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bushrangers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1700s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Caesar" title="John Caesar">John Caesar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1810s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe_(bushranger)" title="Michael Howe (bushranger)">Michael Howe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1820s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Brady" title="Matthew Brady">Matthew Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Donahue" title="Jack Donahue">Jack Donahue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jeffrey" title="Thomas Jeffrey">Thomas Jeffrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musquito" title="Musquito">Musquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pearce" title="Alexander Pearce">Alexander Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tennant_(bushranger)" title="John Tennant (bushranger)">John Tennant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1830s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Davis_(bushranger)" title="Edward Davis (bushranger)">Edward Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Rammer" title="Jack the Rammer">Jack the Rammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignum_and_Comerford" title="Dignum and Comerford">Dignum and Comerford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Bathurst rebellion">Ribbon Gang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1840s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cash" title="Martin Cash">Martin Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(bushranger)" title="George Jones (bushranger)">George Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kavenagh" title="Lawrence Kavenagh">Lawrence Kavenagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Priest" title="Daniel Priest">Daniel Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Westwood_(bushranger)" title="William Westwood (bushranger)">William Westwood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1850s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Francis_(bushranger)" title="John Francis (bushranger)">John Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Francis_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Francis (bushranger)">George Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Beresford_Garrett" title="Henry Beresford Garrett">Henry Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCallum" title="Frank McCallum">Frank McCallum (Captain Melville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Melville_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Melville (bushranger)">George Melville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Suffolk" title="Owen Suffolk">Owen Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_%22Rocky%22_Whelan" class="mw-redirect" title="John "Rocky" Whelan">John "Rocky" Whelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1860s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluecap_(bushranger)" title="Bluecap (bushranger)">Bluecap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Bugg" title="Mary Ann Bugg">Mary Ann Bugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarke_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarke brothers">Clarke brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Cummins_(bushranger)" title="Larry Cummins (bushranger)">Larry Cummins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Daley" title="Patrick Daley">Patrick Daley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dunn_(bushranger)" title="John Dunn (bushranger)">John Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Foley_(bushranger)" title="John Foley (bushranger)">John Foley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gardiner" title="Frank Gardiner">Frank Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardiner%E2%80%93Hall_gang" title="Gardiner–Hall gang">Gardiner–Hall gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert_(bushranger)" title="John Gilbert (bushranger)">John Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_(bushranger)" title="Ben Hall (bushranger)">Ben Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerney" title="John Kerney">John Kerney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Lowry" title="Fred Lowry">Fred Lowry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Manns" title="Henry Manns">Henry Manns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alpin_McPherson" title="James Alpin McPherson">James Alpin McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moondyne_Joe" title="Moondyne Joe">Moondyne Joe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(bushranger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Morgan (bushranger)">Dan Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Meally" title="John O'Meally">John O'Meally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Palmer_(bushranger)" title="George Palmer (bushranger)">George Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pearson" title="Frank Pearson">Frank Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Peisley_(bushranger)" title="John Peisley (bushranger)">John Peisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Poo" title="Sam Poo">Sam Poo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Power" title="Harry Power">Harry Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thompson_(bushranger)" title="John Thompson (bushranger)">John Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Thunderbolt" title="Captain Thunderbolt">Captain Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vane_(bushranger)" title="John Vane (bushranger)">John Vane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1870s–1880s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Byrne" title="Joe Byrne">Joe Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cranley" title="Frederick Cranley">Frederick Cranley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Hart" title="Steve Hart">Steve Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kelly_(bushranger)" title="Dan Kelly (bushranger)">Dan Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Campbell_(bushranger)" title="Johnny Campbell (bushranger)">Johnny Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_(bushranger)" title="Midnight (bushranger)">Midnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite" title="Captain Moonlite">Captain Moonlite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Starlight" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Starlight">Captain Starlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Sutherland_(bushranger)" title="James Sutherland (bushranger)">James Sutherland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Peggotty" title="John Francis Peggotty">John Francis Peggotty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Governor" title="Jimmy Governor">Jimmy Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kenniff" title="Patrick Kenniff">Patrick Kenniff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Hickman" title="Jessie Hickman">Jessie Hickman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Streets_of_Forbes" title="Streets of Forbes">Streets of Forbes</a>" (ca. 1865)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Colonial_Boy" title="The Wild Colonial Boy">The Wild Colonial Boy</a>" (ca. 1830)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Jim_Jones_at_Botany_Bay" title="Jim Jones at Botany Bay">Jim Jones at Botany Bay</a>" (ca. 1820s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushranging_in_North_Queensland" title="Bushranging in North Queensland">Bushranging in North Queensland</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Kelly_Gang" title="The Story of the Kelly Gang">The Story of the Kelly Gang</a></i> (1906)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1907_MacMahon_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1907 MacMahon film)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (by Charles MacMahon) (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1907_Tait_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1907 Tait film)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (by J and N Tait) (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_John_Vane,_the_Notorious_Australian_Bushranger" title="The Life and Adventures of John Vane, the Notorious Australian Bushranger">The Life and Adventures of John Vane, the Notorious Australian Bushranger</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moonlite" title="Moonlite">Moonlite</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(1910_film)" title="Thunderbolt (1910 film)">Thunderbolt</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_Gold_Escort" title="Attack on the Gold Escort">Attack on the Gold Escort</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_of_the_Australian_Bush" title="A Tale of the Australian Bush">A Tale of the Australian Bush</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_and_His_Gang" title="Ben Hall and His Gang">Ben Hall and His Gang</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushranger%27s_Ransom,_or_A_Ride_for_Life" title="Bushranger's Ransom, or A Ride for Life">Bushranger's Ransom, or A Ride for Life</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Midnight,_the_Bush_King" title="Captain Midnight, the Bush King">Captain Midnight, the Bush King</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Starlight,_or_Gentleman_of_the_Road" title="Captain Starlight, or Gentleman of the Road">Captain Starlight, or Gentleman of the Road</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dan_Morgan_(film)" title="Dan Morgan (film)">Dan Morgan</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gardiner,_the_King_of_the_Road" title="Frank Gardiner, the King of the Road">Frank Gardiner, the King of the Road</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_Outlaw" title="The Lady Outlaw">The Lady Outlaw</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moondyne#1913_film" title="Moondyne">Moondyne</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kelly_Gang" title="The Kelly Gang">The Kelly Gang</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1920_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1920 film)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_of_Lightning_Ridge" title="The Shadow of Lightning Ridge">The Shadow of Lightning Ridge</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gentleman_Bushranger" title="The Gentleman Bushranger">The Gentleman Bushranger</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/When_the_Kellys_Were_Out" title="When the Kellys Were Out">When the Kellys Were Out</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trooper_O%27Brien" title="Trooper O'Brien">Trooper O'Brien</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushranger_(1928_film)" title="The Bushranger (1928 film)">The Bushranger</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stingaree_(1934_film)" title="Stingaree (1934 film)">Stingaree</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/When_the_Kellys_Rode" title="When the Kellys Rode">When the Kellys Rode</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Fury" title="Captain Fury">Captain Fury</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Glenrowan_Affair" title="The Glenrowan Affair">The Glenrowan Affair</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Thunderbolt_(film)" title="Captain Thunderbolt (film)">Captain Thunderbolt</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1957_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1957 film)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(1970_film)" title="Ned Kelly (1970 film)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Dog_Morgan" title="Mad Dog Morgan">Mad Dog Morgan</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(1985_film)" title="Robbery Under Arms (1985 film)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(2003_film)" title="Ned Kelly (2003 film)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Proposition_(2005_film)" title="The Proposition (2005 film)">The Proposition</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Outlaw_Michael_Howe" title="The Outlaw Michael Howe">The Outlaw Michael Howe</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Ben_Hall" title="The Legend of Ben Hall">The Legend of Ben Hall</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/True_History_of_the_Kelly_Gang_(film)" title="True History of the Kelly Gang (film)">True History of the Kelly Gang</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerilderie_Letter" title="Jerilderie Letter">Jerilderie Letter</a> (1879)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms" title="Robbery Under Arms">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (1882 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stingaree_(novel)" title="Stingaree (novel)">Stingaree</a></i> (1905 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Years_with_Thunderbolt" title="Three Years with Thunderbolt">Three Years with Thunderbolt</a></i> (1905 memoir)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Sunshine" title="Our Sunshine">Our Sunshine</a></i> (1991 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/True_History_of_the_Kelly_Gang" title="True History of the Kelly Gang">True History of the Kelly Gang</a></i> (2001 novel)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe,_The_Terror_of_Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Michael Howe, The Terror of Van Diemen's Land">Michael Howe, The Terror of Van Diemen's Land</a></i> (1821 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushrangers_(Burn_play)" title="The Bushrangers (Burn play)">The Bushrangers</a></i> (1829 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Dieman%27s_Land_(play)" title="Van Dieman's Land (play)">Van Dieman's Land</a></i> (1830 musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_Donohoe" title="The Tragedy of Donohoe">The Tragedy of Donohoe</a></i> (1835 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jackey_Jackey_the_NSW_Bushranger" title="Jackey Jackey the NSW Bushranger">Jackey Jackey the NSW Bushranger</a></i> (1852 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bushranger,_or_the_Last_Crime" title="The Bushranger, or the Last Crime">The Bushranger, or the Last Crime</a></i> (1854 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Canowindra;_or,_The_Darky_Highwayman_and_the_Settlers%27_Homes_on_the_Abercrombie" title="Canowindra; or, The Darky Highwayman and the Settlers' Homes on the Abercrombie">Canowindra; or, The Darky Highwayman and the Settlers' Homes on the Abercrombie</a></i> (1863 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fleeced_(play)" title="Fleeced (play)">Fleeced</a></i> (1870 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fleeced_(play)#Vultures_of_the_Wombat_Ranges" title="Fleeced (play)">Vultures of the Wombat Ranges</a></i> (1878 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catching_the_Kellys" title="Catching the Kellys">Catching the Kellys</a></i> (1879 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gratitude_(play)" title="Gratitude (play)">Gratitude</a></i> (1881 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ostracised_(play)" title="Ostracised (play)">Ostracised</a></i> (1881 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Swift_(play)" title="Captain Swift (play)">Captain Swift</a></i> (1888 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbery_Under_Arms_(play)" title="Robbery Under Arms (play)">Robbery Under Arms</a></i> (1890 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hands_Up_(Leitch_play)" title="Hands Up (Leitch play)">Hands Up</a></i> (1893 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kelly_Gang_(Rede_play)" title="The Kelly Gang (Rede play)">The Kelly Gang</a></i> (1896 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kelly_Gang_(play)" title="The Kelly Gang (play)">The Kelly Gang</a></i> (1899 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_Kelly" title="Outlaw Kelly">Outlaw Kelly</a></i> (1899 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hands_Up_(play)" title="Hands Up (play)">Hands Up</a></i> (1900 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_King_of_the_Road" title="The King of the Road">The King of the Road</a></i> (1900 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly,_the_Bushranger" title="Ned Kelly, the Bushranger">Ned Kelly, the Bushranger</a></i> (1902 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Missing_Partner" title="The Missing Partner">The Missing Partner</a></i> (1904 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kelly_Gang_(Majeroni_play)" title="The Kelly Gang (Majeroni play)">The Kelly Gang</a></i> (1905 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(play)" title="Thunderbolt (play)">Thunderbolt</a></i> (1905 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite_(play)" title="Captain Moonlite (play)">Captain Moonlite</a></i> (1906 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cooee,_or_Wild_Days_in_the_Australian_Bush" title="Cooee, or Wild Days in the Australian Bush">Cooee, or Wild Days in the Australian Bush</a></i> (1906 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Squatter%27s_Daughter_(play)" title="The Squatter's Daughter (play)">The Squatter's Daughter</a></i> (1907 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whirlwind,_the_Bushranger" title="Whirlwind, the Bushranger">Whirlwind, the Bushranger</a></i> (1907 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outlawed_by_Fate" title="Outlawed by Fate">Outlawed by Fate</a></i> (1908 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moonlite" title="Moonlite">Moonlite</a></i> (1910 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Humping_the_Bluey" title="Humping the Bluey">Humping the Bluey</a></i> (1911 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(play)" title="Ned Kelly (play)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1942 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Lacey_and_the_Bushranger" title="Nellie Lacey and the Bushranger">Nellie Lacey and the Bushranger</a></i> (1944 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sing_for_St._Ned" title="Sing for St. Ned">Sing for St. Ned</a></i> (1951 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(James_Clancy_play)" title="Ned Kelly (James Clancy play)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1960 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(musical)" title="Ned Kelly (musical)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1978 musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kelly_(play)" title="Kelly (play)">Kelly</a></i> (2012 play)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushrangers_on_the_St_Kilda_Road" title="Bushrangers on the St Kilda Road">Bushrangers on the St Kilda Road</a></i> (1887)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bailed_Up" title="Bailed Up">Bailed Up</a></i> (1895)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First-class_Marksman_(painting)" title="First-class Marksman (painting)">First-class Marksman</a></i> (1946)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(play)#1959_television_version" title="Ned Kelly (play)">Ned Kelly</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ballad_for_One_Gun" title="Ballad for One Gun">Ballad for One Gun</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_(TV_series)" title="Ben Hall (TV series)">Ben Hall</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Outlaw_(miniseries)" title="The Last Outlaw (miniseries)">The Last Outlaw</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wild_Boys" title="Wild Boys">Wild Boys</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Convicts_in_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Convicts_in_Australia" title="Template:Convicts in Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Convicts_in_Australia" title="Template talk:Convicts in Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Convicts_in_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Convicts in Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Convicts_in_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Convicts_in_Australia" title="Convicts in Australia">Convicts in Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convict_assignment" title="Convict assignment">Assignment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia_Day" title="Australia Day">Australia Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipist" title="Emancipist">Emancipation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_factory" title="Female factory">Female factories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_freedom" title="Certificate of freedom">Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia" title="History of Australia">History of Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia_(1788%E2%80%931850)" title="History of Australia (1788–1850)">1788–1850</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Holland_(Australia)" title="New Holland (Australia)">New Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_women_in_Australia" title="Convict women in Australia">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_penal_colonies" title="List of Australian penal colonies">Penal colonies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cockatoo_Island" title="Cockatoo Island">Cockatoo Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosehill,_New_South_Wales" title="Rosehill, New South Wales">Rosehill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Cove" title="Sydney Cove">Sydney Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreton_Bay" title="Moreton Bay">Moreton Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcliffe,_Queensland" title="Redcliffe, Queensland">Redcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Island" title="Maria Island">Maria Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmania" title="Port Arthur, Tasmania">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Tasmania" title="Richmond, Tasmania">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risdon_Cove" title="Risdon Cove">Risdon Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Harbour_Penal_Station" title="Macquarie Harbour Penal Station">Macquarie Harbour</a> (<a href="/wiki/Convicts_on_the_West_Coast_of_Tasmania" title="Convicts on the West Coast of Tasmania">History</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Norfolk_Island" title="History of Norfolk Island">History</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltwater_River,_Tasmania" title="Saltwater River, Tasmania">Saltwater River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivans_Cove" title="Sullivans Cove">Sullivans Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_era_of_Western_Australia" title="Convict era of Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Fleet" title="First Fleet">First Fleet</a> (1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Fleet_(Australia)" title="Second Fleet (Australia)">Second Fleet</a> (1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Fleet_(Australia)" title="Third Fleet (Australia)">Third Fleet</a> (1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Shore_(1794_ship)#Mutiny" title="Lady Shore (1794 ship)"><i>Lady Shore</i> mutiny</a> (1797)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Hill_convict_rebellion" title="Castle Hill convict rebellion">Castle Hill Rebellion</a> (1804)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_Rebellion" title="Rum Rebellion">Rum Rebellion</a> (1808)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emu_(1812_ship)" title="Emu (1812 ship)">Capture of the brig <i>Emu</i></a> (1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argo_(1806_Chittagong_ship)" title="Argo (1806 Chittagong ship)"><i>Argo</i> disappearance</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island_convict_mutinies" title="Norfolk Island convict mutinies">Norfolk Island mutinies</a> (1826–1846)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_mutiny" title="Cyprus mutiny"><i>Cyprus</i> mutiny</a> (1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_Rebellion" title="Bathurst Rebellion">Bathurst Rebellion</a> (1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badger_escape" title="Badger escape"><i>Badger</i> escape</a> (1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_escape" title="Frederick escape"><i>Frederick</i> escape</a> (1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_III_(ship)" title="George III (ship)">Wreck of the <i>George III</i></a> (1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hive_shipwreck" title="Hive shipwreck">Wreck of the <i>Hive</i></a> (1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_(1813_ship)" title="Neva (1813 ship)">Wreck of the <i>Neva</i></a> (1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking_Pot_Uprising" title="Cooking Pot Uprising">Cooking Pot Uprising</a> (1846)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalpa_rescue" title="Catalpa rescue">Catalpa rescue</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australasian_Anti-Transportation_League" title="Australasian Anti-Transportation League">Anti-Transportation League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Convict_ship" title="Convict ship">Convict ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Fleet" title="First Fleet">First Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Fleet_(Australia)" title="Second Fleet (Australia)">Second Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Fleet_(Australia)" title="Third Fleet (Australia)">Third Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_ships_to_New_South_Wales" title="Convict ships to New South Wales">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_ships_to_Norfolk_Island" title="Convict ships to Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_ships_to_Tasmania" title="Convict ships to Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_convict_ship_voyages_to_Western_Australia" title="List of convict ship voyages to Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Governors_of_the_Australian_states" title="Governors of the Australian states">Governors</a> and<br />commandants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Arthur,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bligh" title="William Bligh">Bligh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bourke" title="Richard Bourke">Bourke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brisbane" title="Thomas Brisbane">Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Collins_(lieutenant_governor)" title="David Collins (lieutenant governor)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Darling" title="Ralph Darling">Darling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Davey_(governor)" title="Thomas Davey (governor)">Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Denison" title="William Denison">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Eardley-Wilmot,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Eardley-Wilmot, 1st Baronet">Eardley-Wilmot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin" title="John Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gipps" title="George Gipps">Gipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hunter_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="John Hunter (Royal Navy officer)">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Johnston_(British_Marines_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Johnston (British Marines officer)">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Gidley_King" title="Philip Gidley King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Logan" title="Patrick Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachlan_Macquarie" title="Lachlan Macquarie">Macquarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_(explorer)" title="William Paterson (explorer)">Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Phillip" title="Arthur Phillip">Phillip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sorell" title="William Sorell">Sorell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_convicts_transported_to_Australia" title="List of convicts transported to Australia">Notable convicts</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">and personnel</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surgeons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Bland" title="William Bland">William Bland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Bowes_Smyth" title="Arthur Bowes Smyth">Arthur Bowes Smyth</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Redfern" title="William Redfern">William Redfern</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%27Arcy_Wentworth" title="D'Arcy Wentworth">D'Arcy Wentworth</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrepreneurs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Barratt" title="Enoch Barratt">Enoch Barratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Connor" title="Daniel Connor">Daniel Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cooper_(convict_and_merchant)" title="Daniel Cooper (convict and merchant)">Daniel Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davies_(publisher)" title="John Davies (publisher)">John Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Field_(Australian_pastoralist)" title="William Field (Australian pastoralist)">William Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hutchinson_(superintendent)" title="William Hutchinson (superintendent)">William Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hyde" title="Mary Hyde">Mary Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kable" title="Henry Kable">Henry Kable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Levey" title="Solomon Levey">Solomon Levey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Lord" title="Simeon Lord">Simeon Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Reibey" title="Mary Reibey">Mary Reibey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sidaway" title="Robert Sidaway">Robert Sidaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Squire" title="James Squire">James Squire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tawell" title="John Tawell">John Tawell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Terry" title="Samuel Terry">Samuel Terry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Blackburn_(architect)" title="James Blackburn (architect)">James Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Greenway" title="Francis Greenway">Francis Greenway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bushrangers</a><br />and escapees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Badger" title="Charlotte Badger">Charlotte Badger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Brady" title="Matthew Brady">Matthew Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bryant" title="Mary Bryant">Mary Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bryant_(convict)" title="William Bryant (convict)">William Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Buckley_(convict)" title="William Buckley (convict)">William Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moondyne_Joe" title="Moondyne Joe">Moondyne Joe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Caesar" title="John Caesar">John Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cash" title="Martin Cash">Martin Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Chopin" title="William Chopin">William Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe_(bushranger)" title="Michael Howe (bushranger)">Michael Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kavenagh" title="Lawrence Kavenagh">Lawrence Kavenagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mitchel" title="John Mitchel">John Mitchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Muir_of_Huntershill" title="Thomas Muir of Huntershill">Thomas Muir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boyle_O%27Reilly" title="John Boyle O'Reilly">John Boyle O'Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pearce" title="Alexander Pearce">Alexander Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Westwood_(bushranger)" title="William Westwood (bushranger)">William Westwood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Backler" title="Joseph Backler">Joseph Backler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bock" title="Thomas Bock">Thomas Bock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Browne_(painter)" title="Richard Browne (painter)">Richard Browne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knud_Bull" title="Knud Bull">Knud Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Edgar" title="Edmund Edgar">Edmund Edgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eyre_(painter)" title="John Eyre (painter)">John Eyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Buelow_Gould" title="William Buelow Gould">William Buelow Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lycett" title="Joseph Lycett">Joseph Lycett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rodius" title="Charles Rodius">Charles Rodius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Griffiths_Wainewright" title="Thomas Griffiths Wainewright">Thomas Griffiths Wainewright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Watling" title="Thomas Watling">Thomas Watling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Walsh_(convict)" title="James Walsh (convict)">James Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Cuffay" title="William Cuffay">William Cuffay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Groom" title="William Henry Groom">William Henry Groom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Izod_O%27Doherty" title="Kevin Izod O'Doherty">Kevin Izod O'Doherty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chroniclers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Cashman" title="Denis Cashman">Denis Cashman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Catchpole" title="Margaret Catchpole">Margaret Catchpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_the_Poet" title="Frank the Poet">Frank the Poet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Savery" title="Henry Savery">Henry Savery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hardy_Vaux" title="James Hardy Vaux">James Hardy Vaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Acton_Wroth" title="John Acton Wroth">John Acton Wroth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Explorers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Baxter_(explorer)" title="John Baxter (explorer)">John Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Meehan_(surveyor)" title="James Meehan (surveyor)">James Meehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wild" title="Joseph Wild">Joseph Wild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />convicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Abrahams" title="Esther Abrahams">Esther Abrahams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baughan" title="John Baughan">John Baughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bloodsworth" title="James Bloodsworth">James Bloodsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Blue" title="Billy Blue">Billy Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cadman_(convict)" title="John Cadman (convict)">John Cadman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Callaghan" title="Elizabeth Callaghan">Elizabeth Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Dawson" title="Margaret Dawson">Margaret Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hynes_Halloran" title="Laurence Hynes Halloran">Laurence Hynes Halloran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Jeffrey" title="Mark Jeffrey">Mark Jeffrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Jørgen Jørgensen">Jørgen Jørgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_O%27Brien" title="William Smith O'Brien">William Smith O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Palin" title="Robert Palin">Robert Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Nichols" title="Isaac Nichols">Isaac Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Potaski" title="Joseph Potaski">Joseph Potaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ruse" title="James Ruse">James Ruse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Thackery" title="Elizabeth Thackery">Elizabeth Thackery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wade" title="Mary Wade">Mary Wade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_ballads" title="Transportation ballads">Transportation ballads</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Botany_Bay_(song)" title="Botany Bay (song)">Botany Bay</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Moreton_Bay_(song)" title="Moreton Bay (song)">Moreton Bay</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Jim_Jones_at_Botany_Bay" title="Jim Jones at Botany Bay">Jim Jones at Botany Bay</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_(folk_song)" title="Van Diemen's Land (folk song)">Van Diemen's Land</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life_(1908_film)" title="For the Term of His Natural Life (1908 film)">For the Term of His Natural Life</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Assigned_Servant" title="The Assigned Servant">The Assigned Servant</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It_Is_Never_Too_Late_to_Mend_(1911_film)" title="It Is Never Too Late to Mend (1911 film)">It Is Never Too Late to Mend</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_Outlaw" title="The Lady Outlaw">The Lady Outlaw</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Rufus_Dawes" title="The Life of Rufus Dawes">The Life of Rufus Dawes</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mark_of_the_Lash" title="The Mark of the Lash">The Mark of the Lash</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Hundred_Years_Ago" title="One Hundred Years Ago">One Hundred Years Ago</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Romantic_Story_of_Margaret_Catchpole" title="The Romantic Story of Margaret Catchpole">The Romantic Story of Margaret Catchpole</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sentenced_for_Life_(1911_film)" title="Sentenced for Life (1911 film)">Sentenced for Life</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moondyne#1913_film" title="Moondyne">Moondyne</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transported" title="Transported">Transported</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tenth_Straw" title="The Tenth Straw">The Tenth Straw</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life_(1927_film)" title="For the Term of His Natural Life (1927 film)">For the Term of His Natural Life</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_New_Shores" title="To New Shores">To New Shores</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Sky_at_Morning_(1944_film)" title="Red Sky at Morning (1944 film)">Red Sky at Morning</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Capricorn" title="Under Capricorn">Under Capricorn</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Botany_Bay_(film)" title="Botany Bay (film)">Botany Bay</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adam%27s_Woman" title="Adam's Woman">Adam's Woman</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journey_Among_Women" title="Journey Among Women">Journey Among Women</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Confession_of_Alexander_Pearce" title="The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce">The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_(film)" title="Van Diemen's Land (film)"> Van Diemen's Land</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nightingale_(2018_film)" title="The Nightingale (2018 film)">The Nightingale</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_Makes_Sunday" title="The Devil Makes Sunday">The Devil Makes Sunday</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_Makes_Sunday_(1962_film)" title="The Devil Makes Sunday (1962 film)">The Devil Makes Sunday</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Against_the_Wind_(miniseries)" title="Against the Wind (miniseries)">Against the Wind</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sara_Dane" title="Sara Dane">Sara Dane</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life_(miniseries)" title="For the Term of His Natural Life (miniseries)">For the Term of His Natural Life</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Journey_of_Mary_Bryant" title="The Incredible Journey of Mary Bryant">The Incredible Journey of Mary Bryant</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Banished_(TV_series)" title="Banished (TV series)">Banished</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_River_(TV_series)" title="The Secret River (TV series)">The Secret River</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Journals_of_the_First_Fleet" title="Journals of the First Fleet">Journals of the First Fleet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It_Is_Never_Too_Late_to_Mend_(novel)" title="It Is Never Too Late to Mend (novel)">It's Never Too Late to Mend</a></i> (1856)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Broad_Arrow" title="The Broad Arrow">The Broad Arrow</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations" title="Great Expectations">Great Expectations</a></i> (1861)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Goose" title="The Wild Goose">The Wild Goose</a></i> (1867)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life" title="For the Term of His Natural Life">For the Term of His Natural Life</a></i> (1872)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moondyne" title="Moondyne">Moondyne</a></i> (1879)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bring_Larks_and_Heroes" title="Bring Larks and Heroes">Bring Larks and Heroes</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Fringe_of_Leaves" title="A Fringe of Leaves">A Fringe of Leaves</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Playmaker" title="The Playmaker">The Playmaker</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Remembering_Babylon" title="Remembering Babylon">Remembering Babylon</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Potato_Factory" title="The Potato Factory">The Potato Factory</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jack_Maggs" title="Jack Maggs">Jack Maggs</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gould%27s_Book_of_Fish" title="Gould's Book of Fish">Gould's Book of Fish</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_River" title="The Secret River">The Secret River</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lieutenant_(novel)" title="The Lieutenant (novel)">The Lieutenant</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parrot_and_Olivier_in_America" title="Parrot and Olivier in America">Parrot and Olivier in America</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Transports" title="The Transports">The Transports</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Country%27s_Good" title="Our Country's Good">Our Country's Good</a></i> (1988)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Medal" title="Charlotte Medal">Charlotte Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson_Painter" title="Port Jackson Painter">Port Jackson Painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajah_Quilt" title="Rajah Quilt">Rajah Quilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_punchbowls" title="Sydney punchbowls">Sydney punchbowls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_twenty-dollar_note" title="Australian twenty-dollar note">Twenty Dollar Note</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Convict_Sites" title="Australian Convict Sites">Australian<br />Convict Sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brickendon_Estate" title="Brickendon Estate">Brickendon Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmans_Cottage" title="Cadmans Cottage">Cadmans Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascades_Female_Factory" title="Cascades Female Factory">Cascades Female Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_Mines_Historic_Site" title="Coal Mines Historic Site">Coal Mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissariat_Store,_Brisbane" title="Commissariat Store, Brisbane">Commissariat Store, Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlington_Probation_Station" title="Darlington Probation Station">Darlington Probation Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Farm" title="Elizabeth Farm">Elizabeth Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experiment_Farm_Cottage" title="Experiment Farm Cottage">Experiment Farm Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremantle_Prison" title="Fremantle Prison">Fremantle Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_North_Road_(New_South_Wales)" title="Great North Road (New South Wales)">Great North Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_Barracks,_Sydney" title="Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney">Hyde Park Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_and_Arthur%27s_Vale_Historic_Area" title="Kingston and Arthur's Vale Historic Area">Kingston and Arthur's Vale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennox_Bridge,_Parramatta" title="Lennox Bridge, Parramatta">Lennox Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Government_House,_Parramatta" title="Old Government House, Parramatta">Old Government House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parramatta_Female_Factory" title="Parramatta Female Factory">Parramatta Female Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmania" title="Port Arthur, Tasmania">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Bridge_(Tasmania)" title="Richmond Bridge (Tasmania)">Richmond Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Gaol" title="Richmond Gaol">Richmond Gaol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Female_Factory" title="Ross Female Factory">Ross Female Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Windmill,_Brisbane" title="The Old Windmill, Brisbane">The Old Windmill, Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaucluse_House" title="Vaucluse House">Vaucluse House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolmers_Estate" title="Woolmers Estate">Woolmers Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Crime_in_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crime_in_Australia" title="Template:Crime in Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crime_in_Australia" title="Template talk:Crime in Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crime_in_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crime in Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crime_in_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Australia" title="Crime in Australia">Crime in Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States and territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_New_South_Wales" title="Category:Crime in New South Wales">NSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Victoria" title="Crime in Victoria">Vic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_Queensland" title="Category:Crime in Queensland">Qld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Western_Australia" title="Crime in Western Australia">WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_South_Australia" title="Category:Crime in South Australia">SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_Tasmania" title="Category:Crime in Tasmania">Tas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Category:Crime in the Australian Capital Territory">ACT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_Northern_Territory" title="Crime in the Northern Territory">NT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Adelaide" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Adelaide">Adelaide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Alice_Springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Alice Springs">Alice Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Brisbane" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Brisbane">Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canberra#Demographics" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory#Law_and_government" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Melbourne" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Western_Australia" title="Crime in Western Australia">Perth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Sydney">Sydney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crime dynamics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Australia" title="Corruption in Australia">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illicit_drug_use_in_Australia" title="Illicit drug use in Australia">Illicit drug use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organised_crime_in_Australia" title="Organised crime in Australia">Organised crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_misconduct#Australia" title="Police misconduct">Police misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians_and_crime" title="Indigenous Australians and crime">Indigenous Australians and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Australia" title="Human trafficking in Australia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_crime_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration and crime in Australia">Immigration and crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_court_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian court hierarchy">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_law_of_Australia" title="Criminal law of Australia">Criminal law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Australia" title="Law enforcement in Australia">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punishment_in_Australia" title="Punishment in Australia">Punishment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_New_South_Wales" title="Category:Prisons in New South Wales">NSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_Victoria_(state)" title="Category:Prisons in Victoria (state)">Vic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_Queensland" title="Category:Prisons in Queensland">Qld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_Western_Australia" title="Category:Prisons in Western Australia">WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_South_Australia" title="Category:Prisons in South Australia">SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_Tasmania" title="Category:Prisons in Tasmania">Tas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Category:Prisons in the Australian Capital Territory">ACT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_the_Northern_Territory" title="Category:Prisons in the Northern Territory">NT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Private_prisons_in_Australia" title="Category:Private prisons in Australia">Private prisons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convicts_in_Australia" title="Convicts in Australia">Convicts in Australia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bushrangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_Australia" title="List of massacres in Australia">List of massacres in Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crime internationally</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_by_country" title="Category:Crime by country">Crime by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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