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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><title data-react-helmet="true">What does the research say about bullshit?</title> <meta data-react-helmet="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5, viewport-fit=cover"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:site_name" content="scite.ai"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:type" content="website"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:site" content="@scite"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="title" content="What does the research say about bullshit?"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:title" content="What does the research say about bullshit?"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="twitter:title" content="What does the research say about bullshit?"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image" content="http://image.thum.io/get/ogImage/https://scite.ai/blog/2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs?bannerClosed=true&v=3"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="twitter:image" content="http://image.thum.io/get/ogImage/https://scite.ai/blog/2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs?bannerClosed=true&v=3"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="description" content="As a researcher and really just as a human nowdays, we’re surrounded by a lot of claims, conjectures, opinions, and really just bullshit. As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using [Ask A Question](https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering), I asked:"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:description" content="As a researcher and really just as a human nowdays, we’re surrounded by a lot of claims, conjectures, opinions, and really just bullshit. As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using [Ask A Question](https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering), I asked:"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="twitter:description" content="As a researcher and really just as a human nowdays, we’re surrounded by a lot of claims, conjectures, opinions, and really just bullshit. As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using [Ask A Question](https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering), I asked:"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:url" content="https://scite.ai/blog/2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs"/> <link data-react-helmet="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.scite.ai" crossorigin="true"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin="true"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="shortcut icon" href="https://cdn.scite.ai/assets/images/favicon.ico"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="stylesheet preload prefetch" as="style" href="https://cdn.scite.ai/assets/css/line-awesome-font-awesome.min.css?v=2"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="preload" as="style" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Sans:wght@200;300;400;500;600&display=swap"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="stylesheet" as="style" 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tabindex="0" href="/blog?category=Other">Other</a></span><h4 class="Header__h4___DEzov BlogApp__mainHeader___gEkdP">What does the research say about bullshit?</h4><span class="BlogApp__date___XEUtZ">Thu Dec 08 2022</span><div class="BlogApp__postInfo___dw_bY"><span>Published by scite</span><span class="BlogApp__categories___RuqWT"><span class="Categories__category___BsVbr" tabindex="0" role="button">Other</span></span><div class="ShareButtons__shareButtons___TodEt BlogApp__shareButtons___Qk06V"><span>Share</span><span class="ShareButtons__icons___mhgN8"><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__twitter___NsyXj icon icon-twitter-new"></i></a><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__linkedin___nS70z icon icon-linkedin-new"></i></a><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__facebook___X8lcc icon icon-facebook-new"></i></a></span></div></div><div><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">As a researcher and really just as a human nowdays, we’re surrounded by a lot of claims, conjectures, opinions, and really just bullshit. As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering" tabindex="0" role="link">Ask A Question</a>, I asked:</p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY"><a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering&paperTypes[0]=article&q=what%20is%20bullshit%3F&sections[0]=introduction&sortOn=date&sortOrder=asc" tabindex="0" role="link">What is bullshit?</a> <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering&paperTypes[0]=article&q=why%20do%20people%20bullshit%3F&sections[0]=introduction&sortOn=date&sortOrder=asc" tabindex="0" role="link">Why do people bullshit?</a></p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">The first question produced an answer, defining bullshit as, “a communication that pretends to be genuinely informative, but really is not.” Taken from the book aptly titled, On Bullshit.</p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">The second question, again paraphrasing from the same book, said that people bullshit because “[he] is unconcerned with whether what he says is true, but is very concerned with how he is thought of by the listener.”</p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">I wanted to understand more. Who was doing research on bullshit and bullshitting? Searcing the term bullshit, shows that there are at least <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?mode=all&q=bullshit" tabindex="0" role="link">1409 mentions of bullshit</a> in scientific articles. A quick <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search/analyze?mode=all&q=bullshit" tabindex="0" role="link">analysis</a> shows who is publishing the most, where they are doing their research on bullshit, and what is being said.</p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">Next I was curious, which research on bullshit might be bullshit itself or perhaps said more eloqurently, what debates were there in research on bullshit. Filtering by citation types, I narrowed down the search to 44 statements indicating competing or supporting evidence and analyses on bullshit research. It was fascinating to not just see how bullshit was being discussed in the literature but directly to observe <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?citationTypes[0]=contrasting&mode=citations&page=1&q=bullshit" tabindex="0" role="link">challenges</a> and <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?citationTypes[0]=supporting&mode=citations&page=1&q=bullshit" tabindex="0" role="link">reinforced</a> claims.</p><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">If you could simply ask a research articles a question, <a class="Link__link___plGt2 Link__blueLink___BhE5_" href="https://scite.ai/search?mode=question-answering" tabindex="0" role="link">what would you ask</a>?</p></div><div class="BlogApp__blogFooter___tIspK"><div class="ShareButtons__shareButtons___TodEt"><span>Share</span><span class="ShareButtons__icons___mhgN8"><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__twitter___NsyXj icon icon-twitter-new"></i></a><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__linkedin___nS70z icon icon-linkedin-new"></i></a><a class="ShareButtons__icon___Ve2y5" href="https://facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fscite.ai%2Fblog%2F2022-12-08_what_does_science_say_about_bs" tabindex="0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="ShareButtons__facebook___X8lcc icon icon-facebook-new"></i></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="Footer__layout___jrAhC"><div class="Footer__mainLayout___MVOfi"><div class="Footer__aboutContainer___TwE0S"><img width="128px" height="41px" alt="scite logo" src="https://cdn.scite.ai/assets/images/logo.svg"/><p class="Paragraph__body____m5FY">scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.</p><div class="Footer__contact___DGc_M"><h6 class="Header__h6___QzBvp">Contact Info</h6><div><p class="Footer__address___VMUTY Paragraph__body____m5FY">customersupport@researchsolutions.com</p><p class="Footer__address___VMUTY Paragraph__body____m5FY">10624 S. 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As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using [Ask A Question](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=question-answering), I asked:"},"excerpt":"","content":"\nAs a researcher and really just as a human nowdays, we’re surrounded by a lot of claims, conjectures, opinions, and really just bullshit. As a psychologist, this got me thinking… What does the research say about bullshit and bullshitting. So, using [Ask A Question](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=question-answering), I asked:\n\n[What is bullshit?](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=question-answering&paperTypes[0]=article&q=what%20is%20bullshit%3F&sections[0]=introduction&sortOn=date&sortOrder=asc) [Why do people bullshit?](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=question-answering&paperTypes[0]=article&q=why%20do%20people%20bullshit%3F&sections[0]=introduction&sortOn=date&sortOrder=asc)\n\nThe first question produced an answer, defining bullshit as, “a communication that pretends to be genuinely informative, but really is not.” Taken from the book aptly titled, On Bullshit.\n\nThe second question, again paraphrasing from the same book, said that people bullshit because “[he] is unconcerned with whether what he says is true, but is very concerned with how he is thought of by the listener.”\n\nI wanted to understand more. Who was doing research on bullshit and bullshitting? Searcing the term bullshit, shows that there are at least [1409 mentions of bullshit](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=all&q=bullshit) in scientific articles. A quick [analysis](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch\u002Fanalyze?mode=all&q=bullshit) shows who is publishing the most, where they are doing their research on bullshit, and what is being said. \n\nNext I was curious, which research on bullshit might be bullshit itself or perhaps said more eloqurently, what debates were there in research on bullshit. Filtering by citation types, I narrowed down the search to 44 statements indicating competing or supporting evidence and analyses on bullshit research. It was fascinating to not just see how bullshit was being discussed in the literature but directly to observe [challenges](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?citationTypes[0]=contrasting&mode=citations&page=1&q=bullshit) and [reinforced](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?citationTypes[0]=supporting&mode=citations&page=1&q=bullshit) claims.\n\nIf you could simply ask a research articles a question, [what would you ask](https:\u002F\u002Fscite.ai\u002Fsearch?mode=question-answering)? \n"},"loadingPost":false,"indexPosts":[{"title":"Major Updates to scite Assistant: A Fresh New Look and More","date":"24 April 2024","categories":["Other"],"keywords":[],"author":"scite","slug":"major_updates_to_scite_assistant","description":"It's been over a year since we first launched scite Assistant, and we've been hard at work making improvements based on the valuable feedback from our users. 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For example, many metrics (e.g., the h-index) have a built-in bias against ECRs, as those in a given field for longer periods have more time to accumulate more citations, and in turn increase their score."},{"title":"scite's coverage of the scholarly literature","author":"scite","date":"16 February 2023","categories":["Other"],"slug":"2023-02-16_coverage","description":"One question that often comes up relates to coverage: that is, how many articles are indexed in scite, and how many do we have citations from? This question is sometimes posed as a comparison to other services such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed."},{"title":"Using scite to find active research topics","author":"scite","date":"16 January 2023","categories":["Tutorial"],"slug":"2023-01-16_active_topics","description":"One of my favorite pastimes is using scite to find active areas of research - topics that invite lively discussion, or hypotheses that are highly contested. 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