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av DSM</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Olika_utgåvor_av_DSM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-DSM-5-TR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DSM-5-TR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>DSM-5-TR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DSM-5-TR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DSM-5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DSM-5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>DSM-5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DSM-5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DSM-IV_och_DSM-IV-TR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DSM-IV_och_DSM-IV-TR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>DSM-IV och DSM-IV-TR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DSM-IV_och_DSM-IV-TR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kritik_mot_DSM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kritik_mot_DSM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kritik mot DSM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kritik_mot_DSM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skillnader_mellan_diagnosmanualerna_DSM-5-TR_och_CDDR_för_ICD-11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skillnader_mellan_diagnosmanualerna_DSM-5-TR_och_CDDR_för_ICD-11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Skillnader mellan diagnosmanualerna DSM-5-TR och CDDR för ICD-11</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skillnader_mellan_diagnosmanualerna_DSM-5-TR_och_CDDR_för_ICD-11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Användning_av_DSM_i_Sverige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Användning_av_DSM_i_Sverige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Användning av DSM i Sverige</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Användning_av_DSM_i_Sverige-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Användning av DSM i Sverige</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Användning_av_DSM_i_Sverige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Förhållandet_mellan_DSM_och_ICD-10-SE:_Skillnad_mellan_att_ställa_diagnos_och_att_koda_diagnos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Förhållandet_mellan_DSM_och_ICD-10-SE:_Skillnad_mellan_att_ställa_diagnos_och_att_koda_diagnos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Förhållandet mellan DSM och ICD-10-SE: Skillnad mellan att ställa diagnos och att koda diagnos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Förhållandet_mellan_DSM_och_ICD-10-SE:_Skillnad_mellan_att_ställa_diagnos_och_att_koda_diagnos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svensk_översättning_av_DSM-diagnoskriterierna:_Mini-D" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svensk_översättning_av_DSM-diagnoskriterierna:_Mini-D"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Svensk översättning av DSM-diagnoskriterierna: Mini-D</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svensk_översättning_av_DSM-diagnoskriterierna:_Mini-D-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 48 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostiese_en_Statistiese_Handleiding_van_Geestesteurings" title="Diagnostiese en Statistiese Handleiding van Geestesteurings – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Diagnostiese en Statistiese Handleiding van Geestesteurings" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدليل التشخيصي والإحصائي للاضطرابات النفسية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدليل التشخيصي والإحصائي للاضطرابات النفسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psixi_poz%C4%9Funluqlar%C4%B1n_diaqnostik_v%C9%99_statistik_t%C9%99limat%C4%B1" title="Psixi pozğunluqların diaqnostik və statistik təlimatı – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Psixi pozğunluqların diaqnostik və statistik təlimatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Диагностичен и статистически наръчник на психичните разстройства – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Диагностичен и статистически наръчник на психичните разстройства" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM" title="DSM – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="DSM" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostick%C3%BD_a_statistick%C3%BD_manu%C3%A1l_du%C5%A1evn%C3%ADch_poruch" title="Diagnostický a statistický manuál duševních poruch – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Diagnostický a statistický manuál duševních poruch" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%95%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%A8%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Διαγνωστικό και Στατιστικό Εγχειρίδιο Ψυχικών Διαταραχών – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαγνωστικό και Στατιστικό Εγχειρίδιο Ψυχικών Διαταραχών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_diagn%C3%B3stico_y_estad%C3%ADstico_de_los_trastornos_mentales" title="Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnoza_kaj_Statistika_Manlibro_de_Mensaj_Malordoj" title="Diagnoza kaj Statistika Manlibro de Mensaj Malordoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Diagnoza kaj Statistika Manlibro de Mensaj Malordoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buru_asalduren_diagnosi_eta_estatistika_eskuliburua" title="Buru asalduren diagnosi eta estatistika eskuliburua – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Buru asalduren diagnosi eta estatistika eskuliburua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلال‌های روانی – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلال‌های روانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_diagnostique_et_statistique_des_troubles_mentaux" title="Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EC%A7%88%ED%99%98_%EC%A7%84%EB%8B%A8_%EB%B0%8F_%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84_%ED%8E%B8%EB%9E%8C" title="정신질환 진단 및 통계 편람 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정신질환 진단 및 통계 편람" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijagnosti%C4%8Dki_i_statisti%C4%8Dki_priru%C4%8Dnik_za_mentalne_poreme%C4%87aje" title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnozal_e_Statistikala_Manualo_pri_Mentala_Desordini" title="Diagnozal e Statistikala Manualo pri Mentala Desordini – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Diagnozal e Statistikala Manualo pri Mentala Desordini" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_Diagnostik_dan_Statistik_Gangguan_Mental" title="Manual Diagnostik dan Statistik Gangguan Mental – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Manual Diagnostik dan Statistik Gangguan Mental" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuale_diagnostico_e_statistico_dei_disturbi_mentali" title="Manuale diagnostico e statistico dei disturbi mentali – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Manuale diagnostico e statistico dei disturbi mentali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM" title="DSM – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="DSM" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enchiridion_diagnosium_et_statisticarum_de_morbis_mentis" title="Enchiridion diagnosium et statisticarum de morbis mentis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Enchiridion diagnosium et statisticarum de morbis mentis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری بیماریهای روانی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری بیماریهای روانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E7%96%BE%E6%82%A3%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%BA%E6%96%AD%E3%83%BB%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB" title="精神疾患の診断・統計マニュアル – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="精神疾患の診断・統計マニュアル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostyczny_i_statystyczny_podr%C4%99cznik_zaburze%C5%84_psychicznych" title="Diagnostyczny i statystyczny podręcznik zaburzeń psychicznych – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Diagnostyczny i statystyczny podręcznik zaburzeń psychicznych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_de_diagnostic_%C8%99i_statistic%C4%83_al_tulbur%C4%83rilor_mintale" title="Manual de diagnostic și statistică al tulburărilor mintale – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Manual de diagnostic și statistică al tulburărilor mintale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Диагностическое и статистическое руководство по психическим расстройствам – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Диагностическое и статистическое руководство по психическим расстройствам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosti%C4%8Dni_in_statisti%C4%8Dni_priro%C4%8Dnik_du%C5%A1evnih_motenj" title="Diagnostični in statistični priročnik duševnih motenj – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Diagnostični in statistični priročnik duševnih motenj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijagnosti%C4%8Dki_i_statisti%C4%8Dki_priru%C4%8Dnik_za_mentalne_poreme%C4%87aje" title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijagnosti%C4%8Dki_i_statisti%C4%8Dki_priru%C4%8Dnik_za_mentalne_poreme%C4%87aje" title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za mentalne poremećaje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="คู่มือการวินิจฉัยและสถิติสำหรับความผิดปกติทางจิต – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คู่มือการวินิจฉัยและสถิติสำหรับความผิดปกติทางจิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_Bozukluklar%C4%B1n_Tan%C4%B1sal_ve_Say%C4%B1msal_El_Kitab%C4%B1" title="Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Діагностичний і статистичний посібник з психічних розладів – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Діагностичний і статистичний посібник з психічних розладів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A9m_nang_Ch%E1%BA%A9n_%C4%91o%C3%A1n_v%C3%A0_Th%E1%BB%91ng_k%C3%AA_R%E1%BB%91i_lo%E1%BA%A1n_t%C3%A2m_th%E1%BA%A7n" title="Cẩm nang Chẩn đoán và Thống kê Rối loạn tâm thần – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cẩm nang Chẩn đoán và Thống kê Rối loạn tâm thần" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E8%AF%8A%E6%96%AD%E6%90%AD%E4%BB%94%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A" title="精神疾病诊断搭仔统计手冊 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="精神疾病诊断搭仔统计手冊" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9A_(DSM)" title="פסיכיאטריע אינסטרוקציע בוך (DSM) – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פסיכיאטריע אינסטרוקציע בוך (DSM)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E7%97%85%E8%A8%BA%E6%96%B7%E5%90%8C%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A" title="精神病診斷同統計手冊 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="精神病診斷同統計手冊" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><p><b>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</b> (DSM) är en diagnosmanual utgiven av amerikanska psykiatrikerförbundet <a href="/wiki/American_Psychiatric_Association" title="American Psychiatric Association">American Psychiatric Association</a> (APA) med specifika diagnoskriterier för en rad olika <a href="/wiki/Psykiska_st%C3%B6rningar" class="mw-redirect" title="Psykiska störningar">psykiska störningar</a> och relaterade tillstånd, tillsammans med detaljerad information om dessa (såsom prevalens, förlopp, riskfaktorer, köns- och genusrelaterade frågor, differentialdiagnostik och samsjuklighet). Manualen innehåller diagnoskoder enligt amerikanska versionen av ICD-systemet, och innehåller således inga egna "DSM-diagnoskoder"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>DSM är brett använd över hela världen<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, även i Sverige. Diagnoskriterierna i DSM finns i svensk översättning i serien av böcker med inledande titeln <i>Mini-D</i>, utgivna av förlaget Pilgrim Press. </p><p>Den första versionen av DSM publicerades 1952<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och den senaste utgåvan, DSM-5-TR, publicerades 2022, med uppdateringar som löpande publiceras i form av supplement på APA:s hemsida.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Olika_utgåvor_av_DSM"><span id="Olika_utg.C3.A5vor_av_DSM"></span>Olika utgåvor av DSM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Olika utgåvor av DSM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Olika utgåvor av DSM"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DSM-5-TR">DSM-5-TR<span id="DSM-5-TR"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: DSM-5-TR" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: DSM-5-TR"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2022 publicerades den senaste versionen av DSM: den reviderade utgåvan av DSM-5, benämnd DSM-5-TR (<i>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, text revision</i>). Den reviderade utgåvan innehöll i förhållande till DSM-5 bland annat<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li>de uppdateringar till DSM-5 som publicerats on-line efter 2013</li> <li>förändringar i över 70 störningar</li> <li>uppdaterad information om störningarna utifrån tillkommen forskning</li> <li>den tillkomna diagnosen <i>Prolonged Grief Disorder</i></li></ul> <p>APA publicerar löpande uppdateringar till DSM-5-TR på sin hemsida. I en uppdatering från september 2022 tillkom diagnosen <i>Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Unknown Etiology</i>. </p><p>DSM-5-TR innehåller diagnoskoder enligt ICD-10-CM<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>:23–24</sup> (amerikanska versionen av ICD-10). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DSM-5">DSM-5 <span id="DSM-5"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: DSM-5" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: DSM-5"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den femte utgåvan av DSM gavs ut 2013 med benämningen DSM-5, och löpande uppdateringar publicerades på APA:s hemsida. </p><p>I förhållande till DSM-IV-TR innehöll DSM-5 flera förändringar som även grundades i nya landvinningar inom forskningen, bland annat<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>förändringar i manualens struktur och uppdaterad information<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>införandet av diagnosen Autism Spectrum Disorder (autismspektrumstörning) som bl.a. samlar de tidigare diagnoserna Aspergers syndrom och autistiskt syndrom<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>förändringar i diagnostiken av neurokognitiva störningar<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>att inte använda axlar när diagnoser ska dokumenteras<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DSM-IV_och_DSM-IV-TR">DSM-IV och DSM-IV-TR <span id="DSM-4"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: DSM-IV och DSM-IV-TR" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: DSM-IV och DSM-IV-TR"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DSM-IV gavs ut 1994, och ersatte då DSM-III från 1980 och dess reviderade upplaga DSM-III-R från 1987. Den reviderade upplagan av DSM-IV från 2000 benämndes <i>DSM-IV-TR</i>, där TR stod för <i>Text Revision</i>. </p><p>En diagnos i dåvarande DSM-system gjordes utifrån en <i>multiaxial</i> bedömning, d.v.s man såg till flera områden i patientens liv som kunde vara relevanta utifrån följande fem axlar: </p> <table> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td>Axel I:</td> <td>Kliniska störningar, exempelvis <a href="/wiki/Depression" title="Depression">depression</a> och <a href="/wiki/Psykos" title="Psykos">psykos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Axel II:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Personlighetsst%C3%B6rning" class="mw-redirect" title="Personlighetsstörning">Personlighetsstörningar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Utvecklingsst%C3%B6rning" class="mw-redirect" title="Utvecklingsstörning">utvecklingsstörning</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Axel III:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Somatisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Somatisk">Somatiska</a> sjukdomar eller skador med relevans för patientens psykiska störningar </td></tr> <tr> <td>Axel IV:</td> <td>Psykosociala problem </td></tr> <tr> <td>Axel V:</td> <td>Global skattning av funktionsförmågan enligt <a href="/wiki/Global_Assessment_of_Functioning" title="Global Assessment of Functioning">GAF</a>-skalan </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> Användet av axlar framhävdes ibland som en fördel framför <a href="/wiki/ICD" title="ICD">ICD</a>-systemet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kritik_mot_DSM">Kritik mot DSM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Kritik mot DSM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Kritik mot DSM"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Även om DSM har fått ett gott betyg för sitt sätt att standardisera psykiska diagnostiska kategorier och kriterier har den också givit upphov till kontroverser och kritik. Kritikerna, inklusive amerikanska <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health" title="National Institute of Mental Health">National Institute of Mental Health</a> (NIMH), hävdar att diagnostikens giltighet kan ifrågasättas då de utgår från ett kluster av symtom och inte objektiva mätvärden.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bland annat ifrågasätts validiteten och pålitligheten hos de diagnostiska kategorierna, en övertro på ytliga symtom, användningen av påstådda skiljelinjer mellan kategorier och vad som anses vara "normalt" beteende, möjligen kulturellt betingade förutfattade meningar och en övertro på medicin som lösning på problemet.<sup id="cite_ref-frana_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frana-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-concept&evolution_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-concept&evolution-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allsopp et al. (2019) beskriver psykiatriska diagnoser som vetenskapligt meningslöst på grund av den stora överlappningen mellan olika diagnoser samtidigt som personer med samma diagnos kan ha väldigt olika problem.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den femte utgåvan kritiserades av flera instanser både före och efter dess publicering. Kritiker framhåller, bland annat, att många av tilläggen och ändringarna i DSM-5 saknar empiriskt stöd; konkordansen är låg för många störningar och många delar innehåller dåligt skrivna, förvirrande eller motsägande uppgifter och tillverkare av psykofarmaka skall ha haft otillbörligt stor påverkan på innehållet. Flera forskare hävdar att DSM-5 tvingar kliniker att göra bedömningar som inte baseras på faktiska bevis, bedömningar som har långtgående konsekvenser för behandling, förskrivning av medicin och för försäkringsrelaterade frågeställningar. Den allmänna kritiken av DSM-5 resulterade i en petition med 13 000 namnteckningar och stöd från många organisationer, vilka krävde en fristående granskning av publikationen. <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skillnader_mellan_diagnosmanualerna_DSM-5-TR_och_CDDR_för_ICD-11"><span id="Skillnader_mellan_diagnosmanualerna_DSM-5-TR_och_CDDR_f.C3.B6r_ICD-11"></span>Skillnader mellan diagnosmanualerna DSM-5-TR och CDDR för ICD-11</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Skillnader mellan diagnosmanualerna DSM-5-TR och CDDR för ICD-11" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Skillnader mellan diagnosmanualerna DSM-5-TR och CDDR för ICD-11"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I mars 2024 publicerade Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) diagnosmanualen <i>Clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders</i> (<i>CDDR</i>) som innehåller diagnoskriterier för de psykiska, beteendemässiga och utvecklingsneurologiska störningarna i ICD-11-systemet. Manualen finns fritt tillgänglig på WHO:s webbplats.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En tydlig skillnad mellan CDDR för ICD-11 och DSM-5-TR är att diagnoskriterierna i CDDR för vissa störningar – t.ex. ADHD, autismspektrumstörning, posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD) – inte ställer som krav att ett visst antal symtom behöver uppvisas för att diagnos ska kunna ställas. I CDDR motiveras detta av att man försökt undvika att skapa en konstlad (artificiell) precision vad gäller gränsvärden (t.ex. av typen ett visst antal symtom måste föreligga för en viss diagnos), såvida ett sådant villkor inte kunnat beläggas med tillräckligt stöd i internationell forskning.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>:22</sup> </p><p>Ytterligare skillnader mellan manualerna är att vissa diagnoser har olika benämningar (t.ex. "Intellectual developmental disorder (Intellectual disability)" i DSM-5-TR men "Disorder of intellectual development" i CDDR) och att t.ex. störningen "Gaming disorder" erkänns som en diagnos i ICD-11 men betraktas i DSM-5-TR (då under namnet "Internet gaming disorder") som en tillstånd som kräver ytterligare forskningstöd för att kunna inkluderas i framtida utgåvor av DSM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Användning_av_DSM_i_Sverige"><span id="Anv.C3.A4ndning_av_DSM_i_Sverige"></span>Användning av DSM i Sverige</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Användning av DSM i Sverige" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Användning av DSM i Sverige"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Förhållandet_mellan_DSM_och_ICD-10-SE:_Skillnad_mellan_att_ställa_diagnos_och_att_koda_diagnos"><span id="F.C3.B6rh.C3.A5llandet_mellan_DSM_och_ICD-10-SE:_Skillnad_mellan_att_st.C3.A4lla_diagnos_och_att_koda_diagnos"></span>Förhållandet mellan DSM och ICD-10-SE: Skillnad mellan att ställa diagnos och att koda diagnos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Förhållandet mellan DSM och ICD-10-SE: Skillnad mellan att ställa diagnos och att koda diagnos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Förhållandet mellan DSM och ICD-10-SE: Skillnad mellan att ställa diagnos och att koda diagnos"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enligt bilagorna i Socialstyrelsens föreskrifter om uppgiftsskyldighet till Socialstyrelsens patientregister (HSLF-FS 2023:33) ska <i>diagnoskoder</i> registreras enligt "Internationell statistisk klassifikation av sjukdomar och relaterade hälsoproblem – Systematisk förteckning (ICD-10-SE)" med fortlöpande ändringar. </p><p> Socialstyrelsen skriver på sin webbplats om diagnoskodning inom psykiatrin att man behöver notera skillnaden mellan att ställa en diagnos och att koda en diagnos, där det står klinikern fritt att använda DSM om detta är relevant för att ställa en korrekt diagnos, men att ICD-10-SE (den svenska versionen av ICD-10) måste användas när man kodar diagnosen för inrapportering av diagnoskoder till Socialstyrelsens hälsodataregister<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>:</p><blockquote><p>För klinisk diagnostik inom psykiatri används huvudsakligen DSM, som i många fall ger möjlighet till mer preciserade bedömningar av enskilda patienter. Man behöver dock notera skillnaden mellan <b>att ställa en diagnos</b> och <b>att koda en diagnos</b>. </p><p>Socialstyrelsen bestämmer inte om eventuell användning av DSM i klinisk verksamhet. I den mån diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM ger stöd för korrekt diagnossättning är det inte fel att DSM-systemet används när det är relevant. En diagnostisk manual som DSM fyller en delvis annan funktion i verksamheten än att enbart ge stöd för korrekt kodning med ICD. </p><p> I inrapporteringen till Socialstyrelsens hälsodataregister (patientregistret, dödsorsaksregistret m.fl.) används Världshälsoorganisationens (WHO:s) officiella klassifikationer, det vill säga för inrapportering av diagnoskoder används ICD-10-SE och det är alltså regelverket i ICD som ska vara vägledande för diagnoskodningen med detta syfte.</p></blockquote><p>I DSM-5-TR-manualen återfinns diagnoskoderna enligt ICD-10-CM (amerikanska versionen av ICD-10-systemet) i anslutning till de flesta av diagnoserna<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>:23–24</sup>. ICD-10-CM skiljer sig till viss del ifrån ICD-10-SE. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Svensk_översättning_av_DSM-diagnoskriterierna:_Mini-D"><span id="Svensk_.C3.B6vers.C3.A4ttning_av_DSM-diagnoskriterierna:_Mini-D"></span>Svensk översättning av DSM-diagnoskriterierna: Mini-D</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Svensk översättning av DSM-diagnoskriterierna: Mini-D" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Svensk översättning av DSM-diagnoskriterierna: Mini-D"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diagnoskriterierna i DSM finns i svensk översättning i bokserien Mini-D som ges ut av förlaget Pilgrim Press: </p> <ul><li><i>Mini-D 5, diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-5-TR</i> från 2023</li> <li><i>Mini-D 5,</i> <i>diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-5</i> från 2014</li> <li><i>Mini-D IV, diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-IV-TR</i> från 2002</li> <li><i>Mini-D IV, diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-IV</i> från 1995</li> <li><i>Mini-D-R, diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-III-R</i> från 1989</li> <li><i>Mini-D, diagnostiska kriterier enligt DSM-III</i> från 1984</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koder_i_DSM-IV" title="Koder i DSM-IV">Koder i DSM-IV</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="plainlinks"><i>Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&oldid=608516007">engelskspråkiga Wikipedia</a>.</i></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/frequently-asked-questions">”Frequently Asked Questions (Why did the APA remove DSM-5 codes and replaced them with ICD-10-CM codes?)”</a>. American Psychiatric Association<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/frequently-asked-questions">https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/frequently-asked-questions</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 april 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+%28Why+did+the+APA+remove+DSM-5+codes+and+replaced+them+with+ICD-10-CM+codes%3F%29&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychiatry.org%2Fpsychiatrists%2Fpractice%2Fdsm%2Ffrequently-asked-questions&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ki.se/ki/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=167&a=24682&l=sv&newsdep=167">Karolinska Institutets bibliotek, 26 januari 2007: Psykiatrimanualen DSM-IV-TR - nu tillgänglig för KI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100817225755/http://ki.se/ki/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=167&a=24682&l=sv&newsdep=167">Arkiverad</a> 17 augusti 2010 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/about-dsm/history-of-the-dsm">”DSM History”</a>. American Psychiatric Association<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/about-dsm/history-of-the-dsm">https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/about-dsm/history-of-the-dsm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 april 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=DSM+History&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychiatry.org%2Fpsychiatrists%2Fpractice%2Fdsm%2Fabout-dsm%2Fhistory-of-the-dsm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/dsm5">”Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR)”</a>. <i><span>www.psychiatry.org</span></i>. American Psychiatric Association<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/dsm5">https://www.psychiatry.org/dsm5</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 april 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders+%28DSM-5-TR%29&rft.atitle=www.psychiatry.org&rft.pub=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychiatry.org%2Fdsm5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAmerican_Psychiatric_Association">American Psychiatric Association (februari 2022). <i><span>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, text revision (DSM-5-TR)</span></i>. sid. xxi</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnostic+and+statistical+manual+of+mental+disorders%2C+fifth+edition%2C+text+revision+%28DSM-5-TR%29&rft.aulast=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.au=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.date=februari+2022&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3Bxxi&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAmerican_Psychiatric_Associationfebruari_2022">American Psychiatric Association (februari 2022). <i><span>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, text revision (DSM-5-TR)</span></i></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnostic+and+statistical+manual+of+mental+disorders%2C+fifth+edition%2C+text+revision+%28DSM-5-TR%29&rft.aulast=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.au=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.date=februari+2022&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAmerican_Psychiatric_Associationjuni_2013">American Psychiatric Association (juni 2013). <i><span>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)</span></i>. sid. xlii</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders%2C+Fifth+Edition+%28DSM-5%29&rft.aulast=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.au=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.date=juni+2013&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3Bxlii&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAmerican_Psychiatric_Associationjuni_2013">American Psychiatric Association (juni 2013). <i><span>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)</span></i>. sid. 16</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders%2C+Fifth+Edition+%28DSM-5%29&rft.aulast=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.au=American+Psychiatric+Association&rft.date=juni+2013&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B16&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFLane">Lane, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20130813101908/http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/side-effects/201305/the-nimh-withdraws-support-dsm-5">”The NIMH Withdraws Support for DSM-5”</a>. Psychology Today. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/side-effects/201305/the-nimh-withdraws-support-dsm-5">originalet</a> den 13 augusti 2013<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.is/20130813101908/http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/side-effects/201305/the-nimh-withdraws-support-dsm-5">https://archive.is/20130813101908/http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/side-effects/201305/the-nimh-withdraws-support-dsm-5</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 16 juni 2014</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+NIMH+Withdraws+Support+for+DSM-5&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Lane&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Lane%2C+Christopher&rft.pub=Psychology+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.is%2F20130813101908%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fblog%2Fside-effects%2F201305%2Fthe-nimh-withdraws-support-dsm-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frana-10"><a href="#cite_ref-frana_10-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFAllen_Frances">Allen Frances (17 maj 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1688399">”The New Crisis in Confidence in Psychiatric Diagnosis”</a>. <i><span>Annals of Internal Medicine</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1688399">http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1688399</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+New+Crisis+in+Confidence+in+Psychiatric+Diagnosis&rft.atitle=Annals+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.aulast=Allen+Frances&rft.au=Allen+Frances&rft.date=17+maj+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fannals.org%2Farticle.aspx%3Farticleid%3D1688399&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-concept&evolution-11"><a href="#cite_ref-concept&evolution_11-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Dalal PK, Sivakumar T. 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Läst 31 oktober 2013</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Coalition+for+DSM-5+Reform&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Coalition+for+DSM-5+Reform&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20131013231434%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fdsm5-reform.com%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263">”Clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders (CDDR)”</a>. Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO). 8 mars 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263">https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 19 oktober 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Clinical+descriptions+and+diagnostic+requirements+for+ICD-11+mental%2C+behavioural+and+neurodevelopmental+disorders+%28CDDR%29&rft.atitle=&rft.date=8+mars+2024&rft.pub=V%C3%A4rldsh%C3%A4lsoorganisationen+%28WHO%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fpublications%2Fi%2Fitem%2F9789240077263&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFVärldshälsoorganisationen_(WHO)2024">Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) (2024). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263">Clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders</a></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263">https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077263</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Clinical+descriptions+and+diagnostic+requirements+for+ICD-11+mental%2C+behavioural+and+neurodevelopmental+disorders&rft.aulast=V%C3%A4rldsh%C3%A4lsoorganisationen+%28WHO%29&rft.au=V%C3%A4rldsh%C3%A4lsoorganisationen+%28WHO%29&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fpublications%2Fi%2Fitem%2F9789240077263&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socialstyrelsen.se/statistik-och-data/klassifikationer-och-koder/icd-10/psykiatrikoder/">”Kodning inom psykiatrin”</a>. Socialstyrelsen. 2019-01-29 (senast uppdaterad 2024-04-02)<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.socialstyrelsen.se/statistik-och-data/klassifikationer-och-koder/icd-10/psykiatrikoder/">https://www.socialstyrelsen.se/statistik-och-data/klassifikationer-och-koder/icd-10/psykiatrikoder/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 19 oktober 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Kodning+inom+psykiatrin&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2019-01-29+%28senast+uppdaterad+2024-04-02%29&rft.pub=Socialstyrelsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socialstyrelsen.se%2Fstatistik-och-data%2Fklassifikationer-och-koder%2Ficd-10%2Fpsykiatrikoder%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="sv" dir="ltr">Referensfel: <code><ref></code>-tagg med namn "SP9-12", definierad i <code><references></code> används inte tidigare i texten.</span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&oldid=56093295">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders&oldid=56093295</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Kategori:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Psykiatri" title="Kategori:Psykiatri">Psykiatri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Medicinsk_klassifikation" title="Kategori:Medicinsk klassifikation">Medicinsk klassifikation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Engelskspr%C3%A5kig_referenslitteratur" title="Kategori:Engelskspråkig referenslitteratur">Engelskspråkig referenslitteratur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Facklitteratur_1952" title="Kategori:Facklitteratur 1952">Facklitteratur 1952</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dolda kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Wikipedia:Projekt_%C3%B6vers%C3%A4tta_k%C3%A4llmallar" title="Kategori:Wikipedia:Projekt översätta källmallar">Wikipedia:Projekt översätta källmallar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Sidor_med_referensfel" title="Kategori:Sidor med referensfel">Sidor med referensfel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:%C3%96versatta_artiklar" title="Kategori:Översatta artiklar">Översatta artiklar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 19 oktober 2024 kl. 23.29.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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