CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '929f6f97bc2a40d7',cH: 'NrAo.4DdZzQQEWDT4DAVz4HpklqT8Zvsk.2AMA5.N8c-1743587572-1.2.1.1-PFWP6QNiRvpjEc_kuk2XuzeDpQqT5PiSXVuNBm42_TkQeltM5E5hVcWDE6TAQ_wS',cUPMDTk: "\/14103\/ris?__cf_chl_tk=x3eF84zPnWShL8Gt2DCojFb8xZYOBkR0uJIMXKYrOxg-1743587572-1.0.1.1-xOAM4iRM6jC8FCSpWITmqGW1ncDpppjdgWNYnR9mtp0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1743587572',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/14103\/ris?__cf_chl_f_tk=x3eF84zPnWShL8Gt2DCojFb8xZYOBkR0uJIMXKYrOxg-1743587572-1.0.1.1-xOAM4iRM6jC8FCSpWITmqGW1ncDpppjdgWNYnR9mtp0",md: "4u51L6ooammRJoNeoaX6kWz5S5CuqPlADNBgYtObiKA-1743587572-1.2.1.1-lUP1K5hy8AgxOKgVzrf2vBtOKOtBu.mW1EYbnduCMU6q5fv0P9fl0aOXO8siBhgahJCxbnelkM7VQj7tBPv2wsoSwd32mzc9mDBkICQwDWjJba8mgyS8gukdN6jRisH2TyV30An6frzk90vyw0FaLoLArFyLZ8rP5EIdOW_g6jgbNucY0JQ0ptipdSsJZKmeyB9jAfXCjKbMeGoNaVVJBqU0iNUDcbM5RlB4XNs2a9RZem0RQJsyX1.GnB6mH1hwTof4mM7BCxVcU3s.83eiMdw2tnNMauTv4OgVULQcpbDBb600IOCm1lmlga.24_0OvGPwERd1VKqoE6G8LNLsajHcVpKPRa4qNY8.EqlhzqFFioPC7Ie8ntr.P4rlvJxWUfaBJyjd.8jZqbLwfRi6F48yk5l4KAJqXG6tNOldj8aUs01HjMxNQOsO3TYp.te_LDCTGGiugJK7dym2uC6tsoMvk2Zjvyto2Ui2lVg0UvjPHJ35skVDVdOr8QfzFVsUBF7N5bWqS25foIN9bdLrFesuvpKvAT9_R4RI583kqbL1WYBopqFMLcCYZyS.vWxm8IHh8cviHnLC4CqFZOcoe0K80VzQc6r5XY87EuBZ9wmPh.hAPHQBFapMX6A25._z10FURjespxwJYXHLL1c5GHPMAkGoul0OeJQWnOhsfAUoi.jCnleeeTPY8CW2Emd4ES0DBB1TLNLW80R1_EQL5f_5Ebpbw89c39uVRIWmYuQiugX7jw5WS81Yw1dkaTyeWn0tGabzxlGkj8JIXNIhkEAs8ClDdJXHmJiIvYp3V56qagvr3bwJvQwIFRR7QXYZ6n0HGpmy8T2_YL0QTAMconYf0N8bIAQPU15lAoFPRjPN.dFGjB0bNWgt1PF4h.9tcGHoqC8k_XDgoTN5YAZdhA4Puz2icduAKp4H.k8ywAY.Of8ZIdKVFFWHwvqL_oezvAyFWGcP4_KlKGPRMTQPIQ6hZLnaQz.ImawwuVFtDQ.INVVZ_5wm2RCtk9vO3gHmy46vC0Hu2mxKU9ssDF2P5XXMbNT3rXugsRCkVVLFqHee.s25O2ZHp3r1A7yTXwywwXQcXJO1.WkHc3DuwZYnjxdd_l4UxZaimZFwDD75LrQWcYN87ZJoPkXi0uSafnFF9KGtB77zL0tVxSzp8lh75QJjLo3BXal1sAvXolgJTVpJnnitthcS2m..zdBt4gRO83cLt1t2gilA03BYlc60Ig",mdrd: "vL.4Fhcgrgj9E4nSSxOF4H6FYJqaYRbO8DYFvZu1mzs-1743587572-1.2.1.1-04iiJJ0tG0xgNnsIFVoEp6eWGndaKoa48pXI4neez3CSwmVMFb6PyImmtWH_lDEYkSXvwTktnLiC8fJXTpWVU2RJVidzjBpYWKRgDNvrwv.JzhNgWvteE1v9YBv5ptK5rUqBE1vTMPjoNeBhy_kwCz6mIABLyZ9kVTrTPNLzxvzuzoZHwGQxlNlRvPOMWoe6ors7f6dH6i2qPmtWtsOsYhRG1n1sK87txLBV1rJzSldUSpX1HQXlp6_SUAfjoXjou2bS7Co5mu5lPZFipYzdnRuKIuQpGTQVwL8Sni5yzzBTAD69Frw1tXm.EXXhw5MrBOuKLFhtuK_t_RaztdF79QwrSmRSDkSf0U9h5O1WY4pTI._tKlc10XDCcxAP90GlFOgpBxtlrBT.EbbrPQoR_h19V76o.hUGctGP3w.k4YWpNGXiZFUyNg2.Hdend6RVbKwdXsVR6lST4hMQcVGMbgSHOj_.SCgwpEbMkexNH5uYTQZGaH_Umx_3jgpdI9HwBPVgchc0UPYOszqv2rE1uoEZQiFYiyNX9glKKLEWjyLLU1tXNqjPv4U2auOvTch7IJGljb4SobZBX8naxwHuCG4QFA16npNAq5OEqxw7wNN6ZNYVoCJPTBydPXElUiG7gz0srGY03wtgz6LoqTFlZeQw1hQIWsTJS8GXPOdnr7nZqK3SZkgBy6nob_4X3iwNUNDnMPzyMRFWK1xNC.T7nYKlsnFsmgEfUIvE__xzRGdwj.15aP3FNzmljfBg_RDK_nN5K_mVE2OB.rYvumsM0KuHhRm4ihCRF7UyTddwuaFHC7j1x13E1TARYEuw7maIuhps06HW0FlDT2Kpv51MqFbOpJE5HCVSVrePNT_Qfu157oP.7SGqeZNsHaCBV43Ew5gwVqexlTs0nOVw22XWuolO9dPo60_iZ25Sfwa1jAk5XFUKNvaC_R6UiAW3ne7N0ome5XWL6RPJZjxct6dNXc7_R.cn32tTf_c2qt_KFpOS5IAZc6uc0JAxF8TzxXXqYnJaKBsDu48ZrH_5qFLbC7dcKnDubklnpyw1qA4zxxiGvPqjVsbeJPpr.9fdca.bcnA5mIMw4UbyVh86OuRTidRAtQ0sq5OtJpSB..uR9qoJHnzSeCuzLSWZ.21DtobxwN.lV5AnbhwCTbBjojBLku0qHBbMNQoPD0Z4NWA_.CVS8Agsknz_VRE4lqaPrciKnMwmLUirt2QfpCXJEB7jQBdx6PGEMvJMDpMnDuWMXBo2fv4ULfpG83yDO.JgF5SmAHTSrd22L7umsKG4qxphwjUyYmUEzO01bJcKiex8Is4NO.KkMK8nlo0zeX5Iq9qofV1_E..CDO1x3sMwXQNLpO2o_LJGzRy4ZM86IakKjxeoHMlGsBLK3PVfyPcdg8IsvZq4f6qNUN4wwjzllWOm5S_b5DQaXlxxN99mTjARbwhYbAdf6FlVvt1Z.8fFA9noUckbXS8XpE_CYr1DLZPuK7WdDesEpsJAOv1Of.OhpBachd9Y9fYFUy_XfS6_uECvr0hqtpHiOAlLUeX_fdKRPkaLLBlfCIvkMM2zvax78fy.yplwwddroTchZbJ7kk_Fb3iw1eq11wFe_FvL.QKURqQ00Rtz.EuO3459eSVH_x58DiEvoRBnlhVrdaoFdydD9ICdP0qTTttYQV0DHmWUALuh50Ib4ZHh.r_LvpfKBfWSs9KR0NGSLmyMWvfBwX71szJjPEzosaR8__zDFkcPrJfOlYe_0kl1a3VUwXWCtJPsS0xl7zOaUZ7XyO8VNk2j7.hHeObphEQYxSnmMDes83Yg8RuQVIAjOKcQlpGdFTf6x.ikz7JrJi74sjovWKyauuTc3tq19NIGCOywWowdV4QF1xRgTfFEtIu9Tkuk.YkmlCnavHu7ObWXgClK7gSRqjxTmAwAzy5Ch.hW2pm7NArdQdjTcUFZ9RtR48g83SCDOngTnC6rRhwJMOSz44iy4ajm9LDbInmcHpZw7AlHFX9Dsz87g.6aJhb0YJ8B_F6lMCsw_NCzi6w_HUMEGSNb"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=929f6f97bc2a40d7';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/14103\/ris?__cf_chl_rt_tk=x3eF84zPnWShL8Gt2DCojFb8xZYOBkR0uJIMXKYrOxg-1743587572-1.0.1.1-xOAM4iRM6jC8FCSpWITmqGW1ncDpppjdgWNYnR9mtp0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>