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cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=German+National+Library" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p> <span class="anchor" id="IDN"></span><span class="anchor" id="AfS"></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p>The <b>German National Library</b> (<b>DNB</b>; German: <i lang="de">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</i>) is the central archival library and national bibliographic centre for the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a>. It is one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_libraries" title="List of largest libraries">largest libraries in the world</a>. Its task is to collect, permanently archive, comprehensively document and record bibliographically all German and <a href="/wiki/German-language" class="mw-redirect" title="German-language">German-language</a> publications since 1913, foreign publications about Germany, translations of German works, and the works of German-speaking emigrants published abroad between 1933 and 1945, and to make them available to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_2009_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_2009-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DNB is also responsible for the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsche_Nationalbibliografie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliografie (page does not exist)">Deutsche Nationalbibliografie</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliografie" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsche Nationalbibliografie">de</a>]</span></i></span> and several special collections like the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="#German_Exile_Archive">Deutsches Exilarchiv 1933–1945</a></i></span> (German Exile Archive), <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek (page does not exist)">Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek" class="extiw" title="de:Anne-Frank-Shoah-Bibliothek">de</a>]</span></i></span> and the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="#DBSM">Deutsches Buch- und Schriftmuseum</a></i></span> (German Museum of Books and Writing). The German National Library maintains co-operative external relations on a national and international level. For example, it is the leading partner in developing and maintaining bibliographic rules and standards in Germany and plays a significant role in the development of international library standards. <span class="anchor" id="Deutsche_Bücherei"></span><span class="anchor" id="Deutsche_Bibliothek"></span>The cooperation with publishers has been regulated by law since 1935 for the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei_Leipzig" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig">Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei_Leipzig" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig">de</a>]</span></i></span> and since 1969 for the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bibliothek" title="Deutsche Bibliothek">Deutsche Bibliothek</a> Frankfurt am Main</i></span>. </p><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">German National Library</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="nickname" lang="de">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:DNB.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/DNB.svg/220px-DNB.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/DNB.svg/330px-DNB.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/DNB.svg/440px-DNB.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="102"></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG/250px-Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG/375px-Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG/500px-Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2809" data-file-height="2108"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The German National Library in Leipzig</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">National library</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1912<span class="noprint">; 112 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1912</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference to legal mandate</th><td class="infobox-data">Law regarding the German National Library</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Collection</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Items collected</th><td class="infobox-data">Conventional printed works, those in microform, sound recording media and digital publications on physical storage devices and net publications</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">43.7 million items (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria for collection</th><td class="infobox-data">all publications published in Germany, all German-language publications published abroad, all translations into other languages of German-language works published abroad, all foreign-language publications about Germany published abroad known as "Germanica", written or printed works published between 1933 and 1945 by German-speaking emigrants</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legal_deposit" title="Legal deposit">Legal deposit</a></th><td class="infobox-data">yes, since 1935</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Access and use</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Access requirements</th><td class="infobox-data">Users must be at least 18 years old and present a valid passport or ID card. Library use is subject to a charge. A valid residence permit for Leipzig or Frankfurt am Main is requested for the application.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Circulation</th><td class="infobox-data">350,713 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data">173,374 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">€54.9 million (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Scholze" title="Frank Scholze">Frank Scholze</a> (2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">641.5 <a href="/wiki/Full-time_equivalent" title="Full-time equivalent">FTE</a> (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Home/home_node.html">dnb.de</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:242px"><div style="position:relative;width:240px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek"><img alt="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.819%;left:68.966%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig"><img alt="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div>Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" title="File:Germany adm location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>German National Library</div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays='["_1c070328bed38277e80a3cef252b8e1f1b40b3af"]'><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=German_National_Library&revid=1252465610&groups=_1c070328bed38277e80a3cef252b8e1f1b40b3af" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=German_National_Library&revid=1252465610&groups=_1c070328bed38277e80a3cef252b8e1f1b40b3af 2x" alt="Map"></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">Adickesallee 1, 60322 Frankfurt am Main</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=German_National_Library&params=50.13121_N_8.68329_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°07′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°41′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.13121°N 8.68329°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.13121; 8.68329</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/U5_(Frankfurt_U-Bahn)" title="U5 (Frankfurt U-Bahn)"><img alt="U5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Frankfurt_U5.svg/20px-Frankfurt_U5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Frankfurt_U5.svg/29px-Frankfurt_U5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Frankfurt_U5.svg/39px-Frankfurt_U5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="268"></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankfurt_U-Bahn_stations" title="List of Frankfurt U-Bahn stations">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</a></li><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_Frankfurt_am_Main#Bus" title="Public transport in Frankfurt am Main"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg/16px-Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg/24px-Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg/32px-Omnibus-Logo_traffiQ.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320"></a></span> M32 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Leipzig</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays='["_41649b299adda5c02da2e2298e24e0af1dd56e2e"]'><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=German_National_Library&revid=1252465610&groups=_41649b299adda5c02da2e2298e24e0af1dd56e2e" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=German_National_Library&revid=1252465610&groups=_41649b299adda5c02da2e2298e24e0af1dd56e2e 2x" alt="Map"></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">Deutscher Platz 1, 04103 Leipzig</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=German_National_Library&params=51.32228_N_12.39663_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°19′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°23′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.32228°N 12.39663°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.32228; 12.39663</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="" style="font-weight:bold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:85%; padding:0px .4em; border:1px solid yellow;background-color: yellow; border-radius: 1ex; color:black;">S 1</span> <span title="" style="font-weight:bold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:85%; padding:0px .4em; border:1px solid #009BD4;background-color: #009BD4; border-radius: 1ex; color:white;">S 2</span> <span title="" style="font-weight:bold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:85%; padding:0px .4em; border:1px solid #E10000;background-color: #E10000; border-radius: 1ex; color:white;">S 3</span> <span title="" style="font-weight:bold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:85%; padding:0px .4em; border:1px solid orange;background-color: orange; border-radius: 1ex; color:white;">S 5</span> <span title="" style="font-weight:bold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:85%; padding:0px .4em; border:1px solid #EBBD00;background-color: #EBBD00; border-radius: 1ex; color:black;">S 5X</span> <a href="/wiki/Leipzig_MDR_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Leipzig MDR railway station">Leipzig MDR</a> (400m)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Leipzig" title="Trams in Leipzig">Tram</a> 16 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Duties are shared between the facilities in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, with each center focusing its work in specific specialty areas. A third facility has been the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Musikarchiv_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsches Musikarchiv Berlin">Deutsches Musikarchiv Berlin</a></i></span> (founded 1970), which deals with all music-related archiving (both printed and recorded materials). Since 2010, the Deutsches Musikarchiv is also located in Leipzig as an integral part of the facility there. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#German_Exile_Archive"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">German Exile Archive</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Working_Group_for_the_Collection_of_German_Imprints"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#German_Music_Archive"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">German Music Archive</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#German_Museum_of_Books_and_Writing"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">German Museum of Books and Writing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Building_in_Leipzig"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Building in Leipzig</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Building_in_Frankfurt_am_Main"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Building in Frankfurt am Main</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Inventory"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Inventory</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_German_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the German states">German revolutions of 1848</a>, various booksellers and publishers offered their works to the <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Parliament">Frankfurt Parliament</a> for a parliamentary library. The library, led by Johann Heinrich Plath, was termed the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Reichsbibliothek</i></span> ("<a href="/wiki/Reich" title="Reich">Reich</a> library"). After the failure of the revolution the library was abandoned and the stock of books already in existence was stored at the <a href="/wiki/Germanisches_Nationalmuseum" title="Germanisches Nationalmuseum">Germanisches Nationalmuseum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fabian_2003_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fabian_2003-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1912, the town of Leipzig, seat of the annual Leipzig Book Fair, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>, and the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B6rsenverein_der_Deutschen_Buchh%C3%A4ndler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Börsenverein der Deutschen Buchhändler (page does not exist)">Börsenverein der Deutschen Buchhändler</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rsenverein_der_Deutschen_Buchh%C3%A4ndler" class="extiw" title="de:Börsenverein der Deutschen Buchhändler">de</a>]</span></i></span> (Association of German booksellers) agreed to found a German National Library in Leipzig. Starting 1 January 1913, all publications in German were systematically collected (including books from Austria and Switzerland). In the same year, Gustav Wahl was elected as the first director. </p><p>Under Nazi rule, from 1933 to 1945, German libraries were censored, becoming extensions of National Socialist rule.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Books that Nazis seized in occupied countries entered German collections.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1946, Georg Kurt Schauer, Heinrich Cobet, Vittorio Klostermann and Hanns Wilhelm Eppelsheimer, director of the Frankfurt University Library, initiated the re-establishment of a German archive library based in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_History_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_History-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Federal state representatives of the book trade in the American zone agreed to the proposal. The city of Frankfurt agreed to support the planned archive library with personnel and financial resources. The US military government gave its approval. The Library began its work in the tobacco room of the former Rothschild library, which served the bombed university library as accommodation. As a result, there were two libraries in Germany, which assumed the duties and function of a national library for the later <a href="/wiki/German_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="German Democratic Republic">German Democratic Republic</a> (GDR/DDR) and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a> (FRG/BRD), respectively. Two national bibliographic catalogues almost identical in content were published annually. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Reunification_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Reunification of Germany">reunification of Germany</a> on 3 October 1990, the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Bücherei">Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%BCcherei_Leipzig" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig">de</a>]</span></i></span> and the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bibliothek" title="Deutsche Bibliothek">Deutsche Bibliothek</a> Frankfurt am Main</i></span> were merged into a new institution, The German Library (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Die Deutsche Bibliothek</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_History_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_History-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Law regarding the German National Library" came into force on 29 June 2006. The law reconfirmed support for the national legal deposit at this library and expanded the collection brief to include online publications set the course for collecting, cataloguing and storing such publications as part of Germany's cultural heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-Lux_2018_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lux_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Library's highest management body, the Administrative Council, was expanded to include two MPs from the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>. The law also changed the name of the library and its buildings in Leipzig, Frankfurt am Main and <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> to "<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</i></span>" (German National Library). </p><p>In July 2000, the DMA also assumed the role as repository for <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_musikalische_Auff%C3%BChrungs-_und_mechanische_Vervielf%C3%A4ltigungsrechte" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte">GEMA</a>, Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte, a German music copyright organization. Since then, music publishers only have to submit copies to DMA, which covers both national archiving and copyright registration. The 210,000 works of printed music previously held by GEMA were transferred to DMA. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="German_Exile_Archive"><span class="anchor" id="German_Exile_Archive"></span>German Exile Archive</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: German Exile Archive" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>One of the special activities of the German National Library involves the collection and processing of printed and non-printed documents of German-speaking emigrants and exiles during the period from 1933 to 1945. </p><p>The German National Library maintains two exile collections: the Collection of Exile Literature 1933–1945 of the German National Library in Leipzig and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Exile_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German Exile Archive (page does not exist)">German Exile Archive</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Exilarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsches Exilarchiv">de</a>]</span> 1933–1945 <sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Exile_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Exile-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the German National Library in Frankfurt am Main. Both collections contain printed works written or published abroad by German-speaking emigrants as well as leaflets, brochures and other materials produced entirely or in part by German-speaking exiles. </p><p>In 1998 the German National Library and the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Forschungsgemeinschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft">German Research Foundation</a> began a publicly funded project to digitise the "Jewish Periodicals in Nazi Germany" collection of approximately 30,000 pages, which were originally published between 1933 and 1943. Additionally included in the project were 30 German-language emigrant publications "German-language exile journals 1933–1945", consisting of around 100,000 pages. These collections were put online in 2004 and were some of the most frequently visited sites of the German National Library. </p><p>In June 2012 the German National Library discontinued access to both collections on its website for legal reasons. The digitised versions are since then available for use in the reading rooms of the German National Library in Leipzig and Frankfurt am Main only, which caused partly harsh criticism.<sup id="cite_ref-Tobias_2012_History_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tobias_2012_History-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The German National Library cited concerns over copyright as the reason, claiming that although the Library and the German Research Foundation had permission from the owners of the publication to put them online, the ownership of the "orphaned articles", that is, the individual authors, could not be ascertained as would be necessary because German legislation does not include a "fair use clause". </p><p>The Jewish German-language newspaper <a href="/wiki/HaGalil_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="HaGalil Online">haGalil</a> called the libraries action "overzealous". Yves Kugelmann, the head of Jüdische Medien AG in Zürich, which owns the rights to <a href="/wiki/Aufbau" title="Aufbau">Aufbau</a> magazine, one of the Exile Archive's offerings, called the action "completely absurd, confusing, and without merit". Anne Lipp of the German Research Foundation concluded that "all projects of the foundation", which have been paid for by public funding and with the intent of publishing online, "must be made public".<sup id="cite_ref-Tobias_2012_Absurd_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tobias_2012_Absurd-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Asmus, head of Deutsches Exilarchiv, claims that the ownership of articles from over 13,000 individual authors must first be confirmed and permissions obtained before the 70- to 80-year-old articles may be put online again, despite having had permission from the rightful owners of the publications to put the articles online. Asmus admits that there was not one single complaint of copyright violation.<sup id="cite_ref-Asmus_2013_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asmus_2013-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, other German and international institutions such as Compact Memory, the <a href="/wiki/Leo_Baeck_Institute" title="Leo Baeck Institute">Leo Baeck Institute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">archive.org</a> have no such compunctions and have begun restoring many of the deleted periodicals to the internet again.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Working_Group_for_the_Collection_of_German_Imprints">Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The German National Library only collects German imprints from 1913 onward.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Meta_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Meta-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of German's history of numerous kingdoms, creating a unified collection of all printed materials produced in Germany is a challenge. Therefore, the National Library is collaborating with five other libraries who possess large collections in order to coordinate and develop a complete collection of all literature published in German-speaking countries, starting with the year 1400. This group is called the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeitsgemeinschaft_Sammlung_Deutscher_Drucke" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sammlung Deutscher Drucke">Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sammlung Deutscher Drucke</a></i></span> (AG SDD, Working Group for the Collection of German Imprints). The participating libraries and their collection periods are: </p> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Bayerische_Staatsbibliothek" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayerische Staatsbibliothek">Bayerische Staatsbibliothek</a></i></span> in Munich (1450–1600)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzog_August_Bibliothek" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzog August Bibliothek">Herzog August Bibliothek</a> in Wolfenbüttel (1601–1700)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staats-_und_Universit%C3%A4tsbibliothek_G%C3%B6ttingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen">Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen</a> (1701–1800)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A4tsbibliothek_Johann_Christian_Senckenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg">Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg</a> in Frankfurt am Main (1801–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staatsbibliothek_zu_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin">Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin</a>—Preussicher Kulturbesitz in Berlin (1871–1912)</li> <li>Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in both Frankfurt/Main and Leipzig (1913–)<sup id="cite_ref-Lux_2018_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lux_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="German_Music_Archive">German Music Archive</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: German Music Archive" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/German_Music_Archive" title="German Music Archive">German Music Archive</a></div> <p>The Deutsches Musikarchiv (DMA, German Music Archive) is the central collection of <a href="/wiki/Sheet_music" title="Sheet music">printed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gramophone_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Gramophone record">recorded music</a> and the music-bibliographic information centre for Germany. It is a Federal agency founded in 1970, tasked with collecting all music published in the country. Its precursor was the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Musik-Phonothek" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Musik-Phonothek">Deutsche Musik-Phonothek</a></i></span> (1961–1969). The DMA moved to Leipzig in 2010, to be housed in an extension of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. Construction work began in 2006 and was completed in 2009. </p><p>Formerly situated in <a href="/wiki/Berlin-Lankwitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin-Lankwitz">Berlin-Lankwitz</a>, the DMA constitutes a department of the German National Library (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek). Publishers of printed and recorded music in Germany are required by law (since 1973) to deliver two copies of every edition to the archive. One copy is kept at the DMA in Leipzig, the second is deposited in Frankfurt. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="German_Museum_of_Books_and_Writing"><span class="anchor" id="DBSM"></span>German Museum of Books and Writing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: German Museum of Books and Writing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>The <a href="/wiki/German_Museum_of_Books_and_Writing" title="German Museum of Books and Writing">German Museum of Books and Writing</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsches Buch- und Schriftmuseum</i></span>) is now hosted at the building in Leipzig. Founded in 1884 as the Deutsches Buchgewerbemuseum (German Book Trade Museum) it eventually made its way to the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig in December 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Chronicle_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Chronicle-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the world's oldest museum of book culture and addresses both experts and the general public. With over one million items in the collection, it is one of the most extensive in the world. They offer a wide variety of services including physical and virtual exhibitions, guided tours, seminars and workshops.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_DBSM_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_DBSM-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Building_in_Leipzig">Building in Leipzig</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Building in Leipzig" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG/200px-Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1632"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 267px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG/200px-Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="267" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG/300px-Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG/400px-Deutsche_Buecherei_Hauptgebaeude_mit_Buecherturm.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The original building of the German National Library in Leipzig from 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>The main building of the German National Library in Leipzig was built 1914–1916 after plans of the architect Oskar Pusch. The facade is 160 m long and faces the "Deutscher Platz" (German Plaza). The building was opened on 19 October 1916. The site of the library (near to today's <a href="/wiki/Alte_Messe_Leipzig" title="Alte Messe Leipzig">Alte Messe</a>) had been donated by the city of Leipzig, while <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_III_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus III of Saxony">Friedrich August III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">King of Saxony</a> provided the funds for the building. On the facade, the portraits of <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Gutenberg" title="Johannes Gutenberg">Johannes Gutenberg</a> are displayed. Statues represent Technology, Justice, Philosophy, Medicine etc. The central reading room contains a picture by Ludwig von Hofmann, depicting Arcadia in Art Nouveau-style. The staircase displays a mural showing the founders of the German library. The Library also contains the <a href="/wiki/German_Museum_of_Books_and_Writing" title="German Museum of Books and Writing">German Museum of Books and Writing</a>. The fourth expansion of the library began in 2007 and was opened to the public on 9 May 2011. Designed by Gabriele Glockler, whose concept for the building was "Cover. Shell. Content." it connects all sections of the building together for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Building_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Building-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Building_in_Frankfurt_am_Main">Building in Frankfurt am Main</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Building in Frankfurt am Main" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek,_Frankfurt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg/220px-Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg/220px-Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg/330px-Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg/440px-Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek%2C_Frankfurt.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>DNB building in Frankfurt</figcaption></figure> <p>The current building of the Frankfurt branch was officially inaugurated on 14 May 1997. Stuttgart architects Arat-Kaiser-Kaiser were commissioned to design the building after winning an architectural competition in 1984. Planning was delayed however and construction didn't begin until 1992. With an appearance dominated by four main materials: exposed concrete, steel, glass and light <a href="/wiki/Acer_saccharum" title="Acer saccharum">Canadian Maple</a>, it features over 300 workstations across three floors, with a large window providing illumination to all of them. Additional storage is located in three levels of underground storage expected to contain enough space until 2045.<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_Building_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_Building-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Inventory">Inventory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Inventory" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li>Total: 43.7 million items<sup id="cite_ref-DNB_2021_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>books: 17.3 million</li> <li>journals: 8 million</li> <li>audio records: 2.4 million</li> <li>electronic publications: 10.7 million</li></ul></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">German National Library of Economics</a> (ZBW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="German National Library of Medicine">German National Library of Medicine</a> (ZB MED)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Science_and_Technology" title="German National Library of Science and Technology">German National Library of Science and Technology</a> (TIB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Germany" title="List of libraries in Germany">List of libraries in Germany</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Collection_of_German_Prints" title="Collection of German Prints">Collection of German Prints</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Sammlung Deutscher Drucke</i></span> or SDD)</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></i></span> (GND) (Integrated Authority File)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Germany" title="Books in Germany">Books in Germany</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare the major internet sources for Holocaust research, such as <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Holocaust_Memorial_Museum" title="United States Holocaust Memorial Museum">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum</a>, and countless other institutions and libraries, all of which increase their internet content every year.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-DNB_2021-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2021_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2021_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/1257467816/34"><i>Jahresbericht 2021</i></a> (in German). Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. 2022. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jahresbericht+2021&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Deutsche+Nationalbibliothek&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd-nb.info%2F1257467816%2F34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_2018-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_2018_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101-2019052102">"Jahresbericht 2018"</a> (in German). 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=On+the+Trail+of+Books+Stolen+by+the+Nazis&rft.date=2017-08-02&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Lagnado&rft.aufirst=Lucette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fon-the-trail-of-books-stolen-by-the-nazis-1501687602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_History-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_History_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_History_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Ueber-uns/Geschichte/geschichte_node.html">"History"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Boca Raton, Florida, USA: <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. pp. 1848–1849. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-31511614-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-31511614-3"><bdi>978-1-31511614-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Germany%3A+Libraries%2C+Archives%2C+and+Museums&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Library+and+Information+Sciences&rft.place=Boca+Raton%2C+Florida%2C+USA&rft.pages=1848-1849&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-31511614-3&rft.aulast=Lux&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_Exile-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Exile_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Ueber-uns/DEA/dea_node.html">"German Exile Archive 1933–1945"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=German+Exile+Archive+1933%E2%80%931945&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FEN%2FUeber-uns%2FDEA%2Fdea_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tobias_2012_History-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tobias_2012_History_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2012" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tobias, Jim G. (2012-07-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hagalil.com/archiv/2012/07/16/exilpresse/">"Deutsche Nationalbibliothek blendet jüdische Geschichte aus"</a> [German National Library blinds out Jewish History]. <i>haGalil</i> (in German).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=haGalil&rft.atitle=Deutsche+Nationalbibliothek+blendet+j%C3%BCdische+Geschichte+aus&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Jim+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hagalil.com%2Farchiv%2F2012%2F07%2F16%2Fexilpresse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tobias_2012_Absurd-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tobias_2012_Absurd_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2012" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tobias, Jim G. (2012-07-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hagalil.com/archiv/2012/07/19/dnb/">"Absurd, irreführend und unbegründet"</a> [Absurd, confusing, and without merit]. <i>haGalil</i> (in German).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=haGalil&rft.atitle=Absurd%2C+irref%C3%BChrend+und+unbegr%C3%BCndet&rft.date=2012-07-19&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Jim+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hagalil.com%2Farchiv%2F2012%2F07%2F19%2Fdnb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asmus_2013-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Asmus_2013_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsmus2013" class="citation conference cs1">Asmus, Sylvia (2013-11-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zugang-gestalten.de/programm/"><i>Comments</i></a>. Zugang Gestalten! (speech). <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum,_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Museum, Berlin">Jewish Museum, Berlin</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Comments&rft.place=Jewish+Museum%2C+Berlin&rft.date=2013-11-29&rft.aulast=Asmus&rft.aufirst=Sylvia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zugang-gestalten.de%2Fprogramm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_Meta-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Meta_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Professionell/Metadatendienste/Metadaten/Nationalbibliografie/nationalbibliografie_node.html">"Deutsche Nationalbibliografie"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deutsche+Nationalbibliografie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FEN%2FProfessionell%2FMetadatendienste%2FMetadaten%2FNationalbibliografie%2Fnationalbibliografie_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_Chronicle-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Chronicle_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Ueber-uns/DBSM/Chronik/dbsmChronik_node.html">"Chronicle of the German Museum of Books and Writing"</a>. Deutsche National Bibliothek<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chronicle+of+the+German+Museum+of+Books+and+Writing&rft.pub=Deutsche+National+Bibliothek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FEN%2FUeber-uns%2FDBSM%2FChronik%2FdbsmChronik_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_DBSM-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_DBSM_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Ueber-uns/DBSM/dbsm_node.html">"German Museum of Books and Writing"</a>. Deutsche National Bibliothek<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=German+Museum+of+Books+and+Writing&rft.pub=Deutsche+National+Bibliothek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FEN%2FUeber-uns%2FDBSM%2Fdbsm_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB_Building-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Building_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNB_Building_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Ueber-uns/Gebaeude/gebaeude_node.html#doc273060bodyText2">"Building and Congress Center"</a>. Deutsche Nationalbibliothek<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Building+and+Congress+Center&rft.pub=Deutsche+Nationalbibliothek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FEN%2FUeber-uns%2FGebaeude%2Fgebaeude_node.html%23doc273060bodyText2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnb.de/EN/Home/home_node.html">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="languageicon">(in German and English)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeutsche_Nationalbibliothek2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/DE/Ueber-uns/DMA/dma_node.html">"Deutsches Musikarchiv"</a>. <i>Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</i> (in German). 2023-01-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Nationalbibliothek&rft.atitle=Deutsches+Musikarchiv&rft.date=2023-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnb.de%2FDE%2FUeber-uns%2FDMA%2Fdma_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStartseite" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ag-sdd.de/Webs/agsdd/DE/Home/home_node.html">"Startseite"</a>. <i>Sammlung Deutscher Drucke</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sammlung+Deutscher+Drucke&rft.atitle=Startseite&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ag-sdd.de%2FWebs%2Fagsdd%2FDE%2FHome%2Fhome_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sigel.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/suche/?isil=DE-101">"DE-101"</a>. <i>Deutsche ISIL-Agentur und Sigelstelle</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+ISIL-Agentur+und+Sigelstelle&rft.atitle=DE-101&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsigel.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de%2Fsuche%2F%3Fisil%3DDE-101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGerman+National+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&oldid=1252465610">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&oldid=1252465610</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Monkbot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1729518510"> <span>Last edited on 21 October 2024, at 13:48</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مكتبة ألمانيا الوطنية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتبة ألمانيا الوطنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B5_%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Գերմանիոյ Ազգային Գրադարան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գերմանիոյ Ազգային Գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_d%27Alema%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Alemaña – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Alemaña" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaniya_Milli_Kitabxanas%C4%B1" title="Almaniya Milli Kitabxanası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Almaniya Milli Kitabxanası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая нацыянальная бібліятэка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нямецкая нацыянальная бібліятэка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Германска национална библиотека – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Германска национална библиотека" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_biblioteka_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Nacionalna biblioteka Njemačke – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalna biblioteka Njemačke" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levraoueg_Vroadel_Alamagn" title="Levraoueg Vroadel Alamagn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Levraoueg Vroadel Alamagn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_d%27Alemanya" title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Alemanya – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Alemanya" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bmeck%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Německá národní knihovna – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Německá národní knihovna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksamaa_Rahvusraamatukogu" title="Saksamaa Rahvusraamatukogu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksamaa Rahvusraamatukogu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Γερμανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Γερμανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Alemania" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Alemania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de Alemania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germana_Nacia_Biblioteko" title="Germana Nacia Biblioteko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Germana Nacia Biblioteko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemaniako_Liburutegi_Nazionala" title="Alemaniako Liburutegi Nazionala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alemaniako Liburutegi Nazionala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کتابخانه ملی آلمان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه ملی آلمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_allemande" title="Bibliothèque nationale allemande – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale allemande" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="독일 국립도서관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일 국립도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Գերմանիայի ազգային գրադարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գերմանիայի ազգային գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bmska_narodna_biblioteka" title="Němska narodna biblioteka – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Němska narodna biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_nacionalna_knji%C5%BEnica" title="Njemačka nacionalna knjižnica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Njemačka nacionalna knjižnica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Jerman" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_tedesca" title="Biblioteca nazionale tedesca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biblioteca nazionale tedesca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="הספרייה הלאומית של גרמניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הספרייה הלאומית של גרמניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გერმანიის ეროვნული ბიბლიოთეკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანიის ეროვნული ბიბლიოთეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirt%C3%BBkxaneya_Netewey%C3%AE_ya_Almanyay%C3%AA" title="Pirtûkxaneya Neteweyî ya Almanyayê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pirtûkxaneya Neteweyî ya Almanyayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheca_Nationalis_Germanica" title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Germanica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Germanica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%81cijas_Nacion%C4%81l%C4%81_bibliot%C4%93ka" title="Vācijas Nacionālā bibliotēka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vācijas Nacionālā bibliotēka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9met_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Német Nemzeti Könyvtár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Német Nemzeti Könyvtár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Германска национална библиотека – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Германска национална библиотека" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="ജർമ്മൻ നാഷണൽ ലൈബ്രറി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജർമ്മൻ നാഷണൽ ലൈബ്രറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مكتبة المانيا الوطنيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مكتبة المانيا الوطنيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Германы Үндэсний номын сан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Германы Үндэсний номын сан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Duitsland" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Duitsland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Duitsland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="ドイツ国立図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドイツ国立図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjiisk_Natsionaalbibleteek" title="Sjiisk Natsionaalbibleteek – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sjiisk Natsionaalbibleteek" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%A8ca_Nacionala_d%27Alemanha" title="Bibliotèca Nacionala d'Alemanha – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bibliotèca Nacionala d'Alemanha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਜਰਮਨ ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਰਮਨ ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niemiecka_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Niemiecka Biblioteka Narodowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niemiecka Biblioteka Narodowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Alemanha" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Alemanha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional da Alemanha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_a_Germaniei" title="Biblioteca Națională a Germaniei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biblioteca Națională a Germaniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Немецкая национальная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Немецкая национальная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Naitional_Leebrary" title="German Naitional Leebrary – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="German Naitional Leebrary" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_National_Library" title="German National Library – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="German National Library" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemeck%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%A1_kni%C5%BEnica" title="Nemecká národná knižnica – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nemecká národná knižnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Национална библиотека Немачке – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Национална библиотека Немачке" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_nacionalna_biblioteka" title="Njemačka nacionalna biblioteka – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Njemačka nacionalna biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_kansalliskirjasto" title="Saksan kansalliskirjasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saksan kansalliskirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Alman Millî Kütüphanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alman Millî Kütüphanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Німецька національна бібліотека – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Німецька національна бібліотека" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Thư viện Quốc gia Đức – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thư viện Quốc gia Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasodnon_nga_Sulod-Barasahan_han_Aleman" title="Nasodnon nga Sulod-Barasahan han Aleman – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nasodnon nga Sulod-Barasahan han Aleman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="德国国家图书馆 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="德国国家图书馆" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="德意志國立圖書館 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="德意志國立圖書館" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="德国国家图书馆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="德国国家图书馆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 October 2024, at 13:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" 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