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Hirpa</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Selamawit Hirpa"> <meta name="keywords" content="Selamawit Hirpa"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Selamawit Hirpa"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Selamawit Hirpa</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Determinants of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Patients Who Underwent First-Line Treatment in Addis Ababa: A Case Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Hirpa">Selamawit Hirpa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girmay%20Medhin"> Girmay Medhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belaineh%20Girma"> Belaineh Girma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muluken%20Melese"> Muluken Melese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Mekonen"> Alemayehu Mekonen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Suarez"> Pedro Suarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobena%20Ameni"> Gobena Ameni </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide, there were 650,000 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases in 2010. Ethiopia is 15th among the 27 MDR-TB high-burden countries. A case control study was conducted at St. Peter Hospital and five health centers in Addis Ababa. Cases were MDR-TB patients who were in treatment at St. Peter Hospital during the study period. Controls were patients who were on first-line anti-TB treatment and were registered as cured or having completed treatment in the period 9 April 2009– 28 February 2010, in five health centers. A structured interview questionnaire was used to assess factors that could potentially be associated with the occurrence of MDR-TB. Factors that were significantly associated with MDR-TB: drug side effects during first-line treatment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.5, 95% CI; 1.9 - 10.5); treatment not directly observed by a health worker (AOR = 11.7, 95% CI; 4–34.3); and retreatment with the Category II regimen (P = 0.000). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adherence%20to%20TB%20treatment" title="adherence to TB treatment">adherence to TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDR-TB" title=" MDR-TB"> MDR-TB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment" title=" TB treatment"> TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment%20regimens" title=" TB treatment regimens "> TB treatment regimens </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872/determinants-of-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-in-patients-who-underwent-first-line-treatment-in-addis-ababa-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Socialist Ideology in Africa: A Comparative Study of Pre and Post Socialism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haymanot%20Gebre-Amlak">Haymanot Gebre-Amlak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Gebre-Amlak"> Selamawit Gebre-Amlak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since its original declaration in the 18th century, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels's Communist Manifesto has become one of the most influential political tracts. Socialism is a political path that leads towards communism by fostering a cooperative economy through the creation of cooperative enterprises, common ownership, state ownership, or shared equity. The ultimate objective of communism is to bring everyone working toward the same collective goal of a healthy, happy, and free society. The European establishment of 19-century colonial rule over the continent of Africa reinforced inflows of European investment and forced a profound change in the operation of labor and land markets. The colonial era and forced labor schemes in Africa lasted for several decades. When exiting from colonialism, these African countries were attracted to socialism’s ideology to bridge the social gap and freedom to their society. In this paper, we compare a pre and post socialist ideology and the impact in various African countries. We analyse the different aspects, which led to inconsistent outcomes. Our finding indicates that while they have some facets in common, each African country had a unique interpretation and influence from the socialist ideology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20politics" title="African politics">African politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socialism%20in%20Africa" title=" socialism in Africa"> socialism in Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20history" title=" African history"> African history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129913/socialist-ideology-in-africa-a-comparative-study-of-pre-and-post-socialism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Public Transport Assignment at Adama City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Mulubrhan%20Gidey">Selamawit Mulubrhan Gidey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adama city, having an area of 29.86 km2, is one of the main cities in Ethiopia experiencing rapid growth in business and construction activities which in turn with an increasing number of vehicles at an alarming rate. For this reason, currently, there is an attempt to develop public transport assignment modeling in the city. Still, there is a huge gap in developing public transport assignments along the road segments of the city with operational and safety performance due to high traffic volume. Thus, the introduction of public transport assignment modeling in Adama City can have a massive impact on the road safety and capacity problem in the city. City transport modeling is important in city transportation planning, particularly in overcoming existing transportation problems such as traffic congestion. In this study, the Adama City transportation model was developed using the PTV VISUM software, whose transportation modeling is based on the four-step model of transportation. Based on the traffic volume data fed and simulated, the result of the study shows that the developed model has better reliability in representing the traffic congestion conditions in Adama city, and the simulation clearly indicates the level of congestion of each route selected and thus, the city road administrative office can take managerial decisions on public transport assignment so as to overcome traffic congestion executed along the selected routes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trip%20modelling" title="trip modelling">trip modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTV%20VISUM" title=" PTV VISUM"> PTV VISUM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transport%20assignment" title=" public transport assignment"> public transport assignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congestion" title=" congestion"> congestion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187078/public-transport-assignment-at-adama-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> The Effect of Mathematical Modeling of Damping on the Seismic Energy Demands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Dires">Selamawit Dires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Tesfamariam"> Solomon Tesfamariam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Tannert"> Thomas Tannert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern earthquake engineering and design encompass performance-based design philosophy. The main objective in performance-based design is to achieve a system performing precisely to meet the design objectives so to reduce unintended seismic risks and associated losses. Energy-based earthquake-resistant design is one of the design methodologies that can be implemented in performance-based earthquake engineering. In energy-based design, the seismic demand is usually described as the ratio of the hysteretic to input energy. Once the hysteretic energy is known as a percentage of the input energy, it is distributed among energy-dissipating components of a structure. The hysteretic to input energy ratio is highly dependent on the inherent damping of a structural system. In numerical analysis, damping can be modeled as stiffness-proportional, mass-proportional, or a linear combination of stiffness and mass. In this study, the effect of mathematical modeling of damping on the estimation of seismic energy demands is investigated by considering elastic-perfectly-plastic single-degree-of-freedom systems representing short to long period structures. Furthermore, the seismicity of Vancouver, Canada, is used in the nonlinear time history analysis. According to the preliminary results, the input energy demand is not sensitive to the type of damping models deployed. Hence, consistent results are achieved regardless of the damping models utilized in the numerical analyses. On the other hand, the hysteretic to input energy ratios vary significantly for the different damping models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping" title="damping">damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-based%20seismic%20design" title=" energy-based seismic design"> energy-based seismic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteretic%20energy" title=" hysteretic energy"> hysteretic energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20energy" title=" input energy"> input energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111458/the-effect-of-mathematical-modeling-of-damping-on-the-seismic-energy-demands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Online Versus Face-To-Face – How Do Video Consultations Change The Doctor-Patient-Interaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20Feufel">Markus Feufel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Friederike%20Kendel"> Friederike Kendel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caren%20Hilger"> Caren Hilger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Woldai"> Selamawit Woldai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the corona pandemic, the use of video consultation has increased remarkably. For vulnerable groups such as oncological patients, the advantages seem obvious. But how does video consultation potentially change the doctor-patient relationship compared to face-to-face consultation? Which barriers may hinder the effective use of this consultation format in practice? We are presenting first results from a mixed-methods field study, funded by Federal Ministry of Health, which will provide the basis for a hands-on guide for both physicians and patients on how to improve the quality of video consultations. We use a quasi-experimental design to analyze qualitative and quantitative differences between face-to-face and video consultations based on video recordings of N = 64 actual counseling sessions (n = 32 for each consultation format). Data will be recorded from n = 32 gynecological and n = 32 urological cancer patients at two clinics. After the consultation, all patients will be asked to fill out a questionnaire about their consultation experience. For quantitative analyses, the counseling sessions will be systematically compared in terms of verbal and nonverbal communication patterns. Relative frequencies of eye contact and the information exchanged will be compared using 𝝌2 -tests. The validated questionnaire MAPPIN'Obsdyad will be used to assess the expression of shared decision-making parameters. In addition, semi-structured interviews will be conducted with n = 10 physicians and n = 10 patients experienced with video consultation, for which a qualitative content analysis will be conducted. We will elaborate the comprehensive methodological approach we used to compare video vs. face-to-face consultations and present first evidence on how video consultations change the doctor-patient interaction. We will also outline possible barriers of video consultations and best practices on how they may be overcome. Based on the results, we will present and discuss recommendations outlining best practices for how to prepare and conduct high-quality video consultations from the perspective of both physicians and patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20consultation" title="video consultation">video consultation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient-doctor-relationship" title=" patient-doctor-relationship"> patient-doctor-relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20applications" title=" digital applications"> digital applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20barriers" title=" technical barriers"> technical barriers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153083/online-versus-face-to-face-how-do-video-consultations-change-the-doctor-patient-interaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Mechanical Testing of Composite Materials for Monocoque Design in Formula Student Car</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erik%20Vass%C3%B8y%20Olsen">Erik Vassøy Olsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hirpa%20G.%20Lemu"> Hirpa G. Lemu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inspired by the Formula-1 competition, IMechE (Institute of Mechanical Engineers) and Formula SAE (Society of Mechanical Engineers) organize annual competitions for University and College students worldwide to compete with a single-seat race car they have designed and built. The design of the chassis or the frame is a key component of the competition because the weight and stiffness properties are directly related with the performance of the car and the safety of the driver. In addition, a reduced weight of the chassis has a direct influence on the design of other components in the car. Among others, it improves the power to weight ratio and the aerodynamic performance. As the power output of the engine or the battery installed in the car is limited to 80 kW, increasing the power to weight ratio demands reduction of the weight of the chassis, which represents the major part of the weight of the car. In order to reduce the weight of the car, ION Racing team from the University of Stavanger, Norway, opted for a monocoque design. To ensure fulfilment of the above-mentioned requirements of the chassis, the monocoque design should provide sufficient torsional stiffness and absorb the impact energy in case of a possible collision. The study reported in this article is based on the requirements for Formula Student competition. As part of this study, diverse mechanical tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties and performances of the monocoque design. Upon a comprehensive theoretical study of the mechanical properties of sandwich composite materials and the requirements of monocoque design in the competition rules, diverse tests were conducted including 3-point bending test, perimeter shear test and test for absorbed energy. The test panels were homemade and prepared with an equivalent size of the side impact zone of the monocoque, i.e. 275 mm x 500 mm so that the obtained results from the tests can be representative. Different layups of the test panels with identical core material and the same number of layers of carbon fibre were tested and compared. Influence of the core material thickness was also studied. Furthermore, analytical calculations and numerical analysis were conducted to check compliance to the stated rules for Structural Equivalency with steel grade SAE/AISI 1010. The test results were also compared with calculated results with respect to bending and torsional stiffness, energy absorption, buckling, etc. The obtained results demonstrate that the material composition and strength of the composite material selected for the monocoque design has equivalent structural properties as a welded frame and thus comply with the competition requirements. The developed analytical calculation algorithms and relations will be useful for future monocoque designs with different lay-ups and compositions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20material" title="composite material">composite material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Formula%20student" title=" Formula student"> Formula student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ION%20racing" title=" ION racing"> ION racing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monocoque%20design" title=" monocoque design"> monocoque design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equivalence" title=" structural equivalence"> structural equivalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34013/mechanical-testing-of-composite-materials-for-monocoque-design-in-formula-student-car" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> 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