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After the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, he fled to [[Soviet Union|Soviet Russia]] and became an official of the [[Communist International]]. ===Germany=== In the 1920s and early 30s, Alpári was active in [[Germany]], where he was editor in chief on the Comintern’s German-language periodical ''[[:de:Inprekorr|InPreKorr]]'' (''Internationale Presse Korrespondenz''). ===Trotskyist=== In the late 1920s, Alpári had a political clash with [[Béla Kun]], the main leader of the Hungarian Communists. He was accused of being a "[[Trotskyist]]", but evaded the [[Stalinist]] repression as the political tension was growing in Germany with the rise of [[fascism]]. ===France and death=== When the [[Nazis]] took power in 1933, Alpári fled to [[France]]. After the Nazi invasion in 1940, Alpári was arrested by [[Gestapo]] in [[Paris]] and taken to the [[concentration camp]] in [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]], where he was shot in 1944. ==Propaganda activities== Alpari worked with [[Willi Münzenberg]], chief of Comintern [[propaganda]] in Western Europe. ===Sacco and Vanzetti trial=== Alpari came to the U.S. in 1927 to lead Communist efforts to propagandize the [[Sacco and Vanzetti]] trial.<ref name=double>{{Cite book |last=Koch |first=Stephen |title=Double Lives: Spies and Writers in the Secret Soviet War of Ideas Against the West |publisher=Free Press |year=1994 |location=New York |pages=67–69 |url= https://archive.org/details/doublelivesspies00koch/page/67 |isbn=0-02-918730-3}}</ref><ref name=wits>{{Cite book |last=Schmidt |first=Maria |title=Battle of Wits: Beliefs, Ideologies and Secret Agents in the 20th Century |publisher=Szazad Intezet |year=2007 |location=Budapest |page=160 |url= https://archive.org/details/doublelivesspies00koch/page/160 |isbn=978-0-02-918730-2}}</ref> ===Whittaker Chambers=== Several authors believe that Alpari was the high-level communist whom [[Whittaker Chambers]] describes in his 1952 memoir, ''Witness'': <blockquote>I did most of my reading about the [[Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–20)|Hungarian Revolution]] at my desk in the newspaper room of the New York Public Library... One night, when I was absorbed in [[Bela Szanto]], I suddenly became aware that a little man was standing beside me... He was short, dark, and dressed quietly with an air of extreme tidiness.His eyes were black, intelligent, friendly and fearless... This chance meeting was of the utmost importance to me... What my Hungarian comrade said to me, more impressively than any words he spoke, was that my vision of the Communists was not mistaken.He embodied it. He was it... I was not alone.<ref name=witness>{{Cite book |last=Chambers |first=Whittaker |title=Witness |publisher=Random House |year=1952 |location=New York |pages=214–217 |lccn=52005149 }}</ref></blockquote> [[Maria Schmidt]] writes, "According to some sources [whom she does name or cite]... Gyula Alpari travelled to New York to take charge of the action there... We recall the mysterious Hungarian Communist, chambers 'mentor'... It is not unlikely that the man was Gyula Alpari..."<ref name=wits /> Stephan Koch writes, "It is through Whittaker Chambers that we know of the man's presence,... If this New York Comintern rep was (as I think probable) Alpari, it would suggest that both Whittaker Chambers and [[Kim Philby]] had been enlisted with the assistance of the same member of the 'Hungarian Mafia.'"<ref name=double /> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Sources== *Borsanyi, György ''The life of a Communist revolutionary, Béla Kun'': Distributed by Columbia University Press, 1993. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alpari, Gyula}} [[Category:1882 births]] [[Category:1944 deaths]] [[Category:People from Dunaföldvár]] [[Category:Hungarian Comintern people]] [[Category:Hungarian Communist Party politicians]] [[Category:20th-century Hungarian journalists]] [[Category:Hungarian people executed in Nazi concentration camps]] [[Category:People who died in Sachsenhausen concentration camp]] [[Category:Communists executed by Nazi Germany]] [[Category:People executed by Nazi Germany by firearm]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span 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