CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: cytotoxicity activity</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cytotoxicity activity"> <meta name="keywords" content="cytotoxicity activity"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="cytotoxicity activity" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cytotoxicity activity"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6416</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cytotoxicity activity</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6416</span> Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Activity of Areca catechu Linn. Extract as Natural Anticancer Agent for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Meutia%20Sari">Liza Meutia Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gus%20Permana%20Subita"> Gus Permana Subita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elza%20Ibrahim%20Auerkari"> Elza Ibrahim Auerkari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Many herbs have been discovered to be potential sources of anticancer drugs. Biji Pinang or areca nut (Areca catechu Linn.) has a high content of phenolics and flavonoids, and which is related to antioxidant activity. However, data on its effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma is not available. Objectives: Identification of the cytotoxicity and apoptosis activity in HSC-2 and HSC-3. Methods: The areca nut was extracted by ethanol 96%, MTS assay and apoptosis activity with flow cytometry. Results: The extract of areca nut showed higher toxicity on HSC-3 cell compared to HSC-2. The IC₅₀ of HSC-3 was 164.06 μg/ml vs. 629.50 μg/ml in HSC-2. There was an increase in late apoptosis percentage after 24 and 48 hours in HSC-2. There was a significant increase in early apoptosis percentage after 24 hours and late in 48 hours in HSC-3. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the extract of areca nut might be associated with the selective cytotoxicity on HSC-2 and HSC-3. Apoptosis is the major cell death mechanism involved. The areca nut may play an important role in anticancer herb medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areca%20nut" title="areca nut">areca nut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20carcinoma" title=" oral carcinoma"> oral carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234/cytotoxicity-and-apoptosis-activity-of-areca-catechu-linn-extract-as-natural-anticancer-agent-for-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6415</span> The Antitumor Activity of Eu (III) and Er (III) Complexes of 3 - (1H-Benzimidazol-2-Yl) - 6 - Methyl - 2 (1H) - Quinolinone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xing%20Lu">Xing Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-ming%20Wu"> Yi-ming Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-hong%20Zhu"> Yan-hong Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen-feng%20Chen"> Zhen-feng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Liang"> Hong Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Peng"> Yan Peng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> [Eu(BMQ)2(NO3)3(CH3OH)(H2O)] (1),and [Er(BMQ)2(NO3)3(CH3OH)(H2O)] (2),were synthesized. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit a certain extent cytotoxicity against Hep G2, Hela 229, MGC80-3 and BEL-7404 cell lines invitro, with IC50 values in the14.51±1.41μM to 52.49±4.01μM range. Compound 1 exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against MGC80-3 cell line, comparing with free 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-6-methyl-2(1H)- quinolinone. The binding abilities of 1 to DNA were stronger than that of 2. Intercalation is the most probable binding mode for both the complexes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinolinone" title="quinolinone">quinolinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eu%28II%29%20complex" title=" Eu(II) complex"> Eu(II) complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Er%28III%29%20complex" title=" Er(III) complex"> Er(III) complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity." title=" cytotoxicity."> cytotoxicity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12135/the-antitumor-activity-of-eu-iii-and-er-iii-complexes-of-3-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-6-methyl-2-1h-quinolinone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">598</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6414</span> Cytotoxicity of Flavonoid Compounds from Smilax corbularia Kunth Against Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakakrong%20Thongdeeying">Pakakrong Thongdeeying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srisopa%20Ruangnoo"> Srisopa Ruangnoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat"> Arunporn Itharat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rhizomes of Smilax corbularia Kunth have long been used as common ingredients in anticancer preparations. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate cytotoxicity of S. corbularia and its ingredients against cholangiocarcinoma cell line (KKU-M156) by SRB assay. Ethanolic and water extracts of S. corbularia rhizomes were obtained using the procedures followed by Thai traditional doctors. Bioassay guided isolation was used to isolate cytotoxic compounds. The results revealed that the ethanolic extract of S. corbularia exhibited activity against KKU-M156 cell line with an IC50 value of 84.53±1.62 µg/ml, but the water extract showed no cytotoxic activity. Three flavonoid compounds [astilbin (1), engeletin (2), and quercetin (3)] were isolated from the ethanolic extract. Compound 3 exhibited the strongest activity against KKU-M156 cell line (IC50 = 8.14 ± 1.15 µg/ml), but 1 and 2 showed no cytotoxic activity (IC50 > 100 µg/ml). In conclusion, quercetin showed the highest efficacy against cholangiocarcinoma. These results support the traditional use of this plant by Thai traditional doctors for cancer treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholangiocarcinoma" title="cholangiocarcinoma">cholangiocarcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid" title=" flavonoid"> flavonoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smilax%20corbularia" title=" Smilax corbularia "> Smilax corbularia </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25235/cytotoxicity-of-flavonoid-compounds-from-smilax-corbularia-kunth-against-cholangiocarcinoma-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6413</span> Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of 1,3,4-Mercaptooxadiazole Ether Derivatives Analogs as Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Molecular Docking Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desta%20Gebretekle%20Shiferaw">Desta Gebretekle Shiferaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balakrishna%20Kalluraya"> Balakrishna Kalluraya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxadiazoles and their derivatives with thioether functionalities represent a new and exciting class of physiologically active heterocyclic compounds. Several molecules with these moieties play a vital role in pharmaceuticals because of their diverse biological activities. This paper describes a new class of 1,3,4- oxadiazole-2-thioethers with acetophenone, coumarin, and N-phenyl acetamide residues (S-alkylation), with the hope that the addition of various biologically active molecules will have a synergistic effect on anticancer activity. The structure of the synthesized title compounds was determined by the combined methods of IR, proton-NMR, carbon-13-NMR, and mass spectrometry. Further, all the newly prepared molecules were assessed against their antioxidant activity. Furthermore, four compounds were assessed for their molecular docking interactions and cytotoxicity activity. The synthesized derivatives have shown moderate antioxidant activity compared to the standard BHA. The IC50 of the tilted molecules (11b, 11c, 13b, and 14b) observed for in vitro anti-cancer activities were 11.20, 15.73, 59.61, and 27.66 g/ml at 72-hour treatment time against the A549 cell lines, respectively. The tested compounds' biological evaluation showed that 11b is the most effective molecule in the series. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity" title=" cytotoxicity activity"> cytotoxicity activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1" title=" 1"> 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3" title=" 3"> 3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-Oxadiazole-2%20thioether%20derivatives" title=" 4-Oxadiazole-2 thioether derivatives"> 4-Oxadiazole-2 thioether derivatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160395/synthesis-characterization-and-biological-evaluation-of-134-mercaptooxadiazole-ether-derivatives-analogs-as-antioxidant-cytotoxic-and-molecular-docking-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6412</span> Natural Honey and Effect on the Activity of the Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abujnah%20Dukali">Abujnah Dukali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural honey was assessed in cell culture system for its anticancer activity. Human leukemic cell line HL 60 was treated with honey and cultured for 5 days and cytotoxicity was calculated by MTT assay. Honey showed cytotoxicity with CC50 value of 174.20 µg/ml. Radical modulation activities was assessed by lipid peroxidation assay using egg lecithin. Honey showed antioxidant activity with EC50 value of 159.73 µg/ml. In addition, treatment with HL60 cells also resulted in nuclear DNA fragmentation, as seen in agarose gel electrophoresis. This is a hallmark of cells undergoing apoptosis. Confirmation of apoptosis was performed by staining the cells with Annexin V and FACS analysis. Apoptosis is an active, genetically regulated disassembly of the cell form within. Disassembly creates changes in the phospholipid content of the cytoplasmic membrane outer leaflet. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is translocated from the inner to the outer surface of the cell for phagocytic cell recognition. The human anticoagulant, annexin V, is a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid protein with a high affinity for PS. Annexin V labeled with fluorescein can identify apoptotic cells in the population It is a confirmatory test for apoptosis. Annexin V-positive cells were defined as apoptotic cells. Since honey shows both antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity at almost the same concentration, it can prevent the free radical induced cancer as prophylactic agent and kill the cancer cells by apoptotic process as a chemotherapeutic agent. Everyday intake of honey can prevent the cancer induction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer" title="anticancer">anticancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cells" title=" cells"> cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA" title=" DNA"> DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title=" honey"> honey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44196/natural-honey-and-effect-on-the-activity-of-the-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6411</span> Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Properties of Some Selected Wild Edible Fruits Used Traditionally as a Source of Food</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thilivhali%20Emmanuel%20Tshikalange">Thilivhali Emmanuel Tshikalange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darky%20Cheron%20Modishane"> Darky Cheron Modishane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederick%20Tawi%20Tabit"> Frederick Tawi Tabit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fruit pulp extracts of twelve selected ethnobotanical wild edible fruits from Mutale local municipality in Venda (Limpopo Province, South Africa) were investigated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. Methanol extracts were prepared and tested against six micro-organisms (Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Prevotella intermedia and Candida albicans). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the micro-dilution method, while for antioxidant activity the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method was used. Of the 12 extracts tested, Adonsonia digitata, Berchemia discolor, Manilkara mochisia, Xanthocercis zambesiaca, Landolphia kirkii and Garcinia livingstonei showed antimicrobial activity, with MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 0.4 mg/ml. Gram negative bacteria were more resistant to the extracts in comparison to Gram positive bacteria. Antioxidant activity was only detected in Adonsonia digitata extract and the IC50 (substrate concentration to produce 50% reduction) was found to be 16.18µg/ml. The cytotoxicity of the extracts that showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities was also determined. All plant extracts tested were non-toxic against human kidney cells (HEK293), with IC50 values of >400 µg/ml. The results presented in this study provide support to some traditional uses of wild edible fruits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title="antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnobotanical" title=" ethnobotanical"> ethnobotanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruits" title=" fruits"> fruits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46586/antimicrobial-antioxidant-and-cytotoxicity-properties-of-some-selected-wild-edible-fruits-used-traditionally-as-a-source-of-food" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6410</span> Cytotoxic Activity of Marine-derived Fungi Trichoderma Longibrachiatum Against PANC-1 Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elin%20Julianti">Elin Julianti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marlia%20Singgih"> Marlia Singgih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayoshi%20Arai"> Masayoshi Arai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianyu%20Lin"> Jianyu Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masteria%20Yunovilsa%20Putra"> Masteria Yunovilsa Putra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Azhari"> Muhammad Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnia%20S.%20Muharam"> Agnia S. Muharam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The search for a source of new medicinal compounds with anticancer activity from natural products has become important to resolve the ineffectiveness problem of pancreatic cancer therapy. Fungal marine microorganisms are prolific sources of bioactive natural products. In this present study, the ethyl acetate extract of cultured broth of Trichoderma longibrachiatum marine sponge-derived fungi exhibited selective cytotoxicity against human pancreatic carcinoma PANC-1 cells cultured under glucose-deficient conditions (IC50 = 98,4 µg/mL). The T. longibrachiatum was fermented by the static method at room temperature for 60 days. The culture broth was extracted using ethyl acetate by liquid-liquid extraction method. The liquid-liquid extraction was conducted toward the ethyl extract by using 90% MeOH-H₂O and n-|Hexane as a solvent. The extract of 90% MeOH-H₂O was fractionated by liquid extraction using by C₁₈ reversed-phase vacuum flash chromatography using mixtures of MeOH-H₂O, from 50:50 to 100:0, and 1% TFA MeOH as the eluents to yield six fractions. The fraction 2 (MeOH-H2O, 70:30) and fraction 3 (MeOH-H2O, 80:20) showed moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 119.3 and 274.7 µg/mL, respectively. Fraction 4 (MeOH-H₂O, 90:10) showed the highest cytotoxicity activity with IC₅₀value of < 10 µg/mL. The chemical compounds of the fractions that are responsible for cytotoxic activity are potent for further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxic%20activity" title="cytotoxic activity">cytotoxic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trichoderma%20longibrachiatum" title=" trichoderma longibrachiatum"> trichoderma longibrachiatum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine-derived%20fungi" title=" marine-derived fungi"> marine-derived fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PANC-1%20cell%20line" title=" PANC-1 cell line"> PANC-1 cell line</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145496/cytotoxic-activity-of-marine-derived-fungi-trichoderma-longibrachiatum-against-panc-1-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6409</span> Cytotoxicity and Androgenic Potential of Antifungal Drug Substances on MDA-KB2 Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benchouala%20Amira">Benchouala Amira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bojic%20Clement"> Bojic Clement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poupin%20Pascal"> Poupin Pascal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cossu%20Leguille-carole"> Cossu Leguille-carole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxic and androgenic potential of several antifungal molecules (amphotericin B, econazole, ketoconazole and miconazole) on MDA-Kb2 cell lines. This biological model is an effective tool for the detection of endocrine disruptors because it responds well to the main agonist of the androgen receptor (testosterone) and also to an antagonist: flutamide. The cytotoxicity of each chemical compound tested was measured using an MTT assay (tetrazolium salt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) which measures the activity of the reductase function of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase enzymes of cultured cells. This complementary cytotoxicity test is essential to ensure that the effects of reduction in luminescence intensity observed during androgenic tests are only attributable to the anti-androgenic action of the compounds tested and not to their possible cytotoxic properties. Tests of the androgenic activity of antifungals show that these compounds do not have the capacity to induce transcription of the luciferase gene. These compounds do not exert an androgenic effect on MDA-Kb2 cells in culture for the environmental concentrations tested. The addition of flutamide for the same tested concentrations of antifungal molecules reduces the luminescence induced by amphotericin B, econazole and miconazole, which is explained by a strong interaction of these molecules with flutamide which may have a greater toxic effect than when tested alone. The cytotoxicity test shows that econazole and ketoconazole can cause cell death at certain concentrations tested. This cell mortality is perhaps induced by a direct or indirect action on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) or proteins necessary for cell division. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title="cytotoxicity">cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androgenic%20potential" title=" androgenic potential"> androgenic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungals" title=" antifungals"> antifungals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDA-Kb2" title=" MDA-Kb2"> MDA-Kb2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186088/cytotoxicity-and-androgenic-potential-of-antifungal-drug-substances-on-mda-kb2-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6408</span> Size and Content of the Doped Silver Affected the Pulmonary Toxicity of Silver-Doped Nano-Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts and the Optimization of These Two Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoquan%20Huang">Xiaoquan Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Congcong%20Li"> Congcong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingting%20Wei"> Tingting Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changcun%20Bai"> Changcun Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na%20Liu"> Na Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Tang"> Meng Tang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver is often doped on nano-titanium dioxide photocatalysts (Ag-TiO₂) by photodeposition method to improve their utilization of visible-light while increasing the toxicity of TiO₂。 However, it is not known what factors influence this toxicity and how to reduce toxicity while maintaining the maximum catalytic activity. In this study, Ag-TiO₂ photocatalysts were synthesized by the photodeposition method with different silver content (AgC) and photodeposition time (PDT). Characterization and catalytic experiments demonstrated that silver was well assembled on TiO₂ with excellent visible-light catalytic activity, and the size of silver increased with PDT. In vitro, the cell viability of lung epithelial cells A549 and BEAS-2B showed that the higher content and smaller size of silver doping caused higher toxicity. In vivo, Ag-TiO₂ catalysts with lower AgC or larger silver particle size obviously caused less pulmonary pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrosis responses. However, the visible light catalytic activity decreased with the increase in silver size. Therefore, in order to optimize the Ag-TiO₂ photocatalyst with the lowest pulmonary toxicity and highest catalytic performance, response surface methodology (RSM) was further performed to optimize the two independent variables of AgC and PDT. Visible-light catalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation rate of Rhodamine B, the antibacterial property was evaluated by killing log value for Escherichia coli, and cytotoxicity was evaluated by IC50 to BEAS-2B cells. As a result, the RSM model showed that AgC and PDT exhibited an interaction effect on catalytic activity in the quadratic model. AgC was positively correlated with antibacterial activity. Cytotoxicity was proportional to AgC while inversely proportional to PDT. Finally, the optimization values were AgC 3.08 w/w% and PDT 28 min. Under this optimal condition, the relatively high silver proportion ensured the visible-light catalytic and antibacterial activity, while the longer PDT effectively reduced the cytotoxicity. This study is of significance for the safe and efficient application of silver-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ag-doped%20TiO%E2%82%82" title="Ag-doped TiO₂">Ag-doped TiO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammtion" title=" inflammtion"> inflammtion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibrosis" title=" fibrosis"> fibrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163273/size-and-content-of-the-doped-silver-affected-the-pulmonary-toxicity-of-silver-doped-nano-titanium-dioxide-photocatalysts-and-the-optimization-of-these-two-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6407</span> In vitro Cytotoxicity Study on Silver Powders Synthesized via Different Routes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Otilia%20Ruxandra%20Vasile">Otilia Ruxandra Vasile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecaterina%20Andronescu"> Ecaterina Andronescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Daniela%20Ghitulica"> Cristina Daniela Ghitulica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdan%20Stefan%20Vasile"> Bogdan Stefan Vasile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roxana%20Trusca"> Roxana Trusca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugeniu%20Vasile"> Eugeniu Vasile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Maria%20Holban"> Alina Maria Holban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmen%20Mariana%20Chifiriuc"> Carmen Mariana Chifiriuc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florin%20Iordache"> Florin Iordache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Horia%20Maniu"> Horia Maniu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Engineered powders offer great promise in several applications, but little information is known about cytotoxicity effects. The aim of the current study was the synthesis and cytotoxicity examination of silver powders using pyrosol method at temperatures of 600°C, 650°C and 700°C, respectively sol-gel method and calcinations at 500°C, 600°C, 700°C and 800°C. We have chosen to synthesize and examine silver particles cytotoxicity due to its use in biological applications. The synthesized Ag powders were characterized from the structural, compositional and morphological point of view by using XRD, SEM, and TEM with SAED. In order to determine the influence of the synthesis route on Ag particles cytotoxicity, different sizes of micro and nanosilver synthesized powders were evaluated for their potential toxicity. For the study of their cytotoxicity, cell cycle and apoptosis have been done analysis through flow cytometry on human colon carcinoma cells and mesenchymal stem cells and through the MTT assay, while the viability and the morphological changes of the cells have been evaluated by using cloning studies. The results showed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles have displayed significant cytotoxicity effects on cell cultures. Our synthesized silver powders were found to present toxicity in a synthesis route and time-dependent manners for pyrosol synthesized nanoparticles; whereas a lower cytotoxicity has been measured after cells were treated with silver nanoparticles synthesized through sol-gel method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ag" title="Ag">Ag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrosol%20method" title=" pyrosol method"> pyrosol method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel%20method" title=" sol-gel method"> sol-gel method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25784/in-vitro-cytotoxicity-study-on-silver-powders-synthesized-via-different-routes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">594</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6406</span> Cytotoxic Activity against Hepatocarcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma Cells of Four Cathartic Herbal Medicines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranporn%20Kuropakornpong">Pranporn Kuropakornpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srisopa%20Ruangnoo"> Srisopa Ruangnoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat"> Arunporn Itharat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liver cancer has the highest prevalence rate in the North and Northeast of Thailand. Four Thai medicinal plants such as resin of Ferula asafoetida Regel, latex of Aloe barbadensis Miller leaves, roots of Baliospermum manotanum, and latex of Garcinia hanburyi Hook are used in Thai traditional medicine as cathartic drug and detoxification in liver cancer patients. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of these plants against hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and cholangiocarcinoma (KKU-M156) cells by SRB assay. These plants were macerated in 95% ethanol. The results showed that roots of Baliospermum manotanum and latex of Garcinia hanburyi Hook showed the strongest cytotoxicity against HepG2 (IC50 = 3.03+0.91 and 0.62+0.01µg/ml, respectively) and KKU-M156 (IC50 = 0.978+0.663 and 0.006+0.005 µg/ml, respectively). Latex of Garcinia hanburyi Hook also showed high cytotoxicity against normal cell line (IC50=8.86+0.31 µg/ml), and even though its selective values are high, dose of this herb should be limited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholangiocarcinoma" title="cholangiocarcinoma">cholangiocarcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxic%20activity" title=" cytotoxic activity"> cytotoxic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garcinia%20hanburyi%20Hook" title=" Garcinia hanburyi Hook"> Garcinia hanburyi Hook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatocarcinoma" title=" hepatocarcinoma "> hepatocarcinoma </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25232/cytotoxic-activity-against-hepatocarcinoma-and-cholangiocarcinoma-cells-of-four-cathartic-herbal-medicines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6405</span> Investigations on the Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activities of Terezine E and 14-Hydroxyterezine D</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Mojally">Mariam Mojally</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Randa%20Abdou"> Randa Abdou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisal%20Bokhari"> Wisal Bokhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sultan%20Sab"> Sultan Sab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Dawoud"> Mohammed Dawoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Albohy"> Amjad Albohy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Secondary metabolites produced by endophytes are an excellent source of biologically active compounds. In our current study, we evaluated terezine E and 14-hydroxyterezine D for binding to the active site of histone deacetylase (PDB ID: 4CBT) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (PDB ID: 4H3X) by molecular docking using AutoDock Vina software after having tested their cytotoxic activities on three cell lines (human ductal breast epithelial tumor cells (T47D)-HCC1937), human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2)-HB8065), and human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116)-TCP1006, purchased from ATCC, USA)). Additionally, their antimicrobial activities were investigated, and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined against P. notatum and S. aureus by the broth microdilution method. Higher cytotoxicity was observed for terezine E against all tested cell lines compared to 14-hydroxyterezine D. Molecular docking results supported the high cytotoxicity of terezine E and showed higher binding affinity with 4CBT with an energy score of 9 kcal/mol. Terezine E showed higher antibacterial and antifungal activities than 14-hydroxyrerezine D: MIC values were 15.45 and 21.73 mg/mL against S. aureus and 8.61 and 11.54 mg/mL against P. notatum, respectively <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terezine%20E" title="Terezine E">Terezine E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=14-Hydroxyterezine%20D" title=" 14-Hydroxyterezine D"> 14-Hydroxyterezine D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179873/investigations-on-the-cytotoxicity-and-antimicrobial-activities-of-terezine-e-and-14-hydroxyterezine-d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6404</span> Bioassay Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Components from Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Cassia sieberiana D.C. (Fabaceae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Abubakar">Sani Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oumar%20Al-Mubarak%20Adoum"> Oumar Al-Mubarak Adoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaves extracts of Cassia sieberiana D. C. were screened for antimicrobial bioassay against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Test (BST). The crude ethanol extract, Chloroform soluble fraction, aqueous soluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, methanol soluble fraction, and n-hexane soluble fraction were tested against antimicrobial and cytotoxicity. The Ethyl acetate fraction obtained proved to be most active in inducing complete lethality at minimum doses in BST and also active on Salmonella typhi. The bioactivity result was used to guide the column chromatography, which led to the isolation of pure compound CSB-8, which was found active in the BST with an LC₅₀ value of 34(722-182)µg/ml and showed remarkable activity on Salmonella typhi (zone of inhibition 25mm) at 10,000µg/ml. The ¹H-NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and GC-MS spectra of the compound suggested the proposed structure to be 2-pentadecanone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20bioassay" title="antimicrobial bioassay">antimicrobial bioassay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatagraphy" title=" column chromatagraphy"> column chromatagraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cassia%20sieberiana%20D.C." title=" Cassia sieberiana D.C."> Cassia sieberiana D.C.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049/bioassay-guided-isolation-of-cytotoxic-and-antimicrobial-components-from-ethyl-acetate-extracts-of-cassia-sieberiana-dc-fabaceae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6403</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Effect of Eu2O3-doped ZnO Nanostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Otilia%20R.%20Vasile">Otilia R. Vasile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florina%20C.%20Ilie"> Florina C. Ilie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20F.%20Nicoara"> Irina F. Nicoara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20D.%20Ghitulica"> Cristina D. Ghitulica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roxana%20Trusca"> Roxana Trusca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ovidiu%20Oprea"> Ovidiu Oprea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasile%20A.%20Surdu"> Vasile A. Surdu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdan%20S.%20Vasile"> Bogdan S. Vasile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecaterina%20Adronescu"> Ecaterina Adronescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work ZnO nanostructures (nanopowders and nanostars) have been synthesized via a simple sol-gel method. The used methods for synthesizing the nanostructures involve two steps as follows: (1) precipitation of zinc acetate precursor for the synthesis of ZnO nanopowders and zinc chloride precursor for the synthesis of ZnO nanostars and (2) addition of Eu2O3 in different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) using europium acetate as precursor. Detailed crystalline parameters for each of the synthetized species were analysed using X-ray diffraction. Structural transitions were also discussed. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared ZnO nanopowders and nanostars were investigated by electron microscopy. TEM investigations have shown an average particle size range from 23 to 29 nm and polyhedral and spherical morphology with tendency to form aggregates for nanopowders. For nanostars structures, a star-like morphology could be observed. Cytotoxicity tests on MG-63 cell lines were also performed. Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanopowders have reached higher values compared to ZnO nanostars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title="cytotoxicity">cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalytic%20activity" title=" photocatalytic activity"> photocatalytic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEM" title=" TEM"> TEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25677/synthesis-characterization-and-cytotoxic-effect-of-eu2o3-doped-zno-nanostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6402</span> Cationic Copolymer-Functionalized Nanodiamonds Stabilizes Silver Nanoparticles with Dual Antibacterial Activity and Lower Cytotoxicity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiwei%20Cao">Weiwei Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Xing"> Xiaodong Xing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to effectively resolve the microbial pollution and contamination, synthetic nano-antibacterial materials are widely used in daily life. Among them, nanodiamonds (NDs) have recently been demonstrated to hold promise as useful materials in biomedical applications due to their high specific surface area and biocompatibility. In this work, the copolymer, poly(4-vinylpyridine-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was applied for the surface functionalization of NDs to produce the quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-functionalized NDs (QNDs). Then, QNDs were used as a substrate for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to produce a QND@Ag hybrid. The composition and morphology of the resultant nanostructures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mass fraction of AgNPs in the nanocomposites was about 35.7%. The antibacterial performances of the prepared nanocomposites were evaluated with Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), inhibition zone testing and time-kill study. As a result, due to the synergistic antibacterial activity of QND and AgNPs, this hybrid showed substantially higher antibacterial activity than QND and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-stabilized AgNPs, and the AgNPs on QND@Ag were more stable than the Ag NPs on PVP, resulting in long-term antibacterial effects. More importantly, this hybrid showed excellent water solubility and low cytotoxicity, suggesting the great potential application in biomedical applications. The present work provided a simple strategy that successfully turned NDs into nanosized antibiotics with simultaneous superior stability and biocompatibility, which would broaden the applications of NDs and advance the development of novel antibacterial agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20copolymer" title="cationic copolymer">cationic copolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanodiamonds" title=" nanodiamonds"> nanodiamonds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20antibacterial%20activity" title=" dual antibacterial activity"> dual antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20cytotoxicity" title=" lower cytotoxicity"> lower cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74805/cationic-copolymer-functionalized-nanodiamonds-stabilizes-silver-nanoparticles-with-dual-antibacterial-activity-and-lower-cytotoxicity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6401</span> Fluorescence Gold Nanoparticles: Sensing Properties and Cytotoxicity Studies in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez">Cristina Núñez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rufina%20Bastida"> Rufina Bastida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Labisbal"> Elena Labisbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandro%20Mac%C3%ADas"> Alejandro Macías</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20T.%20Pereira"> María T. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20M.%20Vila"> José M. Vila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A highly selective quinoline-based fluorescent sensor L was designed in order to functionalize gold nanoparticles (GNPs@L). The cytotoxicity of compound L and GNPs@L on the MCF-7 breast cancer cells was explored and it was observed that L and GNPs@L compounds induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. The cellular uptake of the hybrid system GNPs@L was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title="cytotoxicity">cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescent%20probes" title=" fluorescent probes"> fluorescent probes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinoline" title=" quinoline"> quinoline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56138/fluorescence-gold-nanoparticles-sensing-properties-and-cytotoxicity-studies-in-mcf-7-human-breast-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6400</span> Regulation of Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer NCI-H226 Cells through Caspase – Dependent Mechanism by Benjakul Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pintusorn%20Hansakul">Pintusorn Hansakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchilak%20Rattarom"> Ruchilak Rattarom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat"> Arunporn Itharat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Benjakul, a Thai traditional herbal formulation, comprises of five plants: Piper chaba, Piper sarmentosum, Piper interruptum, Plumbago indica, and Zingiber officinale. It has been widely used to treat cancer patients in the context of folk medicine in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of the ethanol extract of Benjakul against three non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (NCI-H226, A549, COR-L23), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line NCI-H1688 and normal lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5. The study further examined the molecular mechanisms underlying its cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis in NCI-H226 cells. Methods: The cytotoxic effect of Benjakul was determined by SRB assay. The effect of Benjakul on cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometric analysis. The apoptotic effects of Benjakul were determined by sub-G1 quantitation and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometric analyses as well as by changes in caspase-3 activity. Results: Benjakul exerted potent cytotoxicity on NCI-H226 and A549 cells but lower cytotoxicity on COR-L23 and NCI-H1688 cells without any cytotoxic effect on normal cells. Molecular studies showed that Benjakul extract induced G2/M phase arrest in human NCI-H226 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The highest concentration of Benjakul (150 μg/ml) led to the highest increase in the G2/M population at 12 h, followed by the highest increase in the sub-G1 population (apoptotic cells) at 60 h. Benjakul extract also induced early apoptosis (AnnexinV +/PI−) in NCI-H226 cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with 150 μg/ml Benjakul extract for 36 h markedly increased caspase-3 activity by 3.5-fold, and pretreatment with the general caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk completely abolished such activity. Conclusions: This study reveals for the first time the regulation of apoptosis in human lung cancer NCI-H226 cells through caspase-dependent mechanism by Benjakul extract. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjakul" title=" Benjakul"> Benjakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caspase%20activation" title=" caspase activation"> caspase activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25592/regulation-of-apoptosis-in-human-lung-cancer-nci-h226-cells-through-caspase-dependent-mechanism-by-benjakul-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6399</span> The Use of Bleomycin and Analogues to Probe the Chromatin Structure of Human Genes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20Murray">Vincent Murray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The chromatin structure at the transcription start sites (TSSs) of genes is very important in the control of gene expression. In order for gene expression to occur, the chromatin structure at the TSS has to be altered so that the transcriptional machinery can be assembled and RNA transcripts can be produced. In particular, the nucleosome structure and positioning around the TSS has to be changed. Bleomycin is utilized as an anti-tumor agent to treat Hodgkin's lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and testicular cancer. Bleomycin produces DNA damage in human cells and DNA strand breaks, especially double-strand breaks, are thought to be responsible for the cancer chemotherapeutic activity of bleomycin. Bleomycin is a large glycopeptide with molecular weight of approximately 1500 Daltons and hence its DNA strand cleavage activity can be utilized as a probe of chromatin structure. In this project, Illumina next-generation DNA sequencing technology was used to determine the position of DNA double-strand breaks at the TSSs of genes in intact cells. In this genome-wide study, it was found that bleomycin cleavage preferentially occurred at the TSSs of actively transcribed human genes in comparison with non-transcribed genes. There was a correlation between the level of enhanced bleomycin cleavage at TSSs and the degree of transcriptional activity. In addition, bleomycin was able to determine the position of nucleosomes at the TSSs of human genes. Bleomycin analogues were also utilized as probes of chromatin structure at the TSSs of human genes. In a similar manner to bleomycin, the bleomycin analogues 6′-deoxy-BLM Z and zorbamycin preferentially cleaved at the TSSs of human genes. Interestingly this degree of enhanced TSS cleavage inversely correlated with the cytotoxicity (IC50 values) of BLM analogues. This indicated that the degree of cleavage by bleomycin analogues at the TSSs of human genes was very important in the cytotoxicity of bleomycin and analogues. It also provided a deeper insight into the mechanism of action of this cancer chemotherapeutic agent since actively transcribed genes were preferentially targeted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-cancer%20activity" title="anti-cancer activity">anti-cancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatin%20structure" title=" chromatin structure"> chromatin structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=next-generation%20DNA%20sequencing" title=" next-generation DNA sequencing"> next-generation DNA sequencing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112137/the-use-of-bleomycin-and-analogues-to-probe-the-chromatin-structure-of-human-genes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6398</span> Anti-Leishmanial Compounds from the Seaweed Padina pavonica</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahal%20Najafi">Nahal Najafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afsaneh%20Yegdaneh"> Afsaneh Yegdaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedigheh%20Saberi"> Sedigheh Saberi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Leishmaniasis poses a substantial global risk, affecting millions and resulting in thousands of cases each year in endemic regions. Challenges in current leishmaniasis treatments include drug resistance, high toxicity, and pancreatitis. Marine compounds, particularly brown algae, serve as a valuable source of inspiration for discovering treatments against Leishmania. Material and method: Padina pavonica was collected from the Persian Gulf. The seaweeds were dried and extracted with methanol: ethylacetate (1:1). The extract was partitioned to hexane (Hex), dicholoromethane (DCM), butanol, and water by Kupchan partitioning method. Hex partition was fractionated by silica gel column chromatography to 10 fractions (Fr. 1-10). Fr. 6 was further separated by the normal phase HPLC method to yield compounds 1-3. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by NMR, Mass, and other spectroscopic methods. Hex and DCM partitions, Fr. 6 and compounds 1-3, were tested for anti-leishmanicidal activity. RAW cell lines were cultured in enriched RPMI (10% FBS, 1% pen-strep) in a 37°C CO2 5% incubator, while promastigote cells were initially cultured in NNN culture and subsequently transferred to the aforementioned medium. Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT tests, anti-promastigote activity was evaluated through Hemocytometer chamber promastigote counting, and the impact of amastigote damage was determined by counting amastigotes within 100 macrophages. Results: NMR and Mass identified isolated compounds as fucosterol and two sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG). Among the samples tested, Fr.6 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity (CC50=60.24), while compound 2 showed the lowest cytotoxicity (CC50=21984). Compound 1 and dichloromethane fraction demonstrated the highest and lowest anti-promastigote activity (IC50=115.7, IC50=16.42, respectively), and compound 1 and hexane fraction exhibited the highest and lowest anti-amastigote activity (IC50=7.874, IC50=40.18, respectively). Conclusion: All six samples, including Hex and DCM partitions, Fr.6, and compounds 1-3, demonstrate a noteworthy correlation between rising concentration and time, with a statistically significant P-value of ≤0.05. Considering the higher selectivity index of compound 2 compared to others, it can be inferred that the presence of sulfur groups and unsaturated chains potentially contributes to these effects by impeding the DNA polymerase, which, of course, needs more research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padina" title="Padina">Padina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmania" title=" leishmania"> leishmania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol" title=" sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol"> sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186826/anti-leishmanial-compounds-from-the-seaweed-padina-pavonica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6397</span> Antimutagenic Activity of a Protein, Lectin Fraction from Urtica Dioica L.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nijole%20Savickiene">Nijole Savickiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonella%20Di%20Sotto"> Antonella Di Sotto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Mazzanti"> Gabriela Mazzanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasa%20Starselskyte"> Rasa Starselskyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Di%20Giacomo"> Silvia Di Giacomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annabella%20Vitalone"> Annabella Vitalone</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plant lectins are non-enzymic and non-immune origin proteins that specifically recognize and bind to various sugar structures and possess the activity to agglutinate cells and/or precipitate polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. The emerging evidences showed that plant lectins contribute not only to tumour cell recognition but also to cell adhesion and localization, to signal transduction, to mitogenic cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Among chitin-binding lectins, the Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA), which is a complex of different isoforms, has been poorly studied for its biological activity. In this context and according to the increasing interest for lectins as novel antitumor drugs, present paper aimed at evaluating the potential antimutagenic activity of a lectin-like glycoprotein-enriched fraction from aerial part of Urtica dioica L. Aim: to evaluate the potential chemopreventive properties of a protein - lectin fraction from the aerial part of Urtica dioica. Materials and methods: Protein – lectin fraction has been tested for the antimutagenic activity in bacteria (50–800 mg/plate; Ames test by the preincubation method) and for the cytotoxicity on human hepatoma HepG2 cells (0.06–2 mg/mL; 24 and 48 h incubation). Results: Protein – lectin fraction from stinging nettle was not cytotoxic on HepG2 cells up to 2 mg/mL; conversely, it exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity against the mutagen 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) in all strains tested (maximum inhibition of 56.78 and 61% in TA98, TA100, and WP2uvrA strains, respectively, at 800 mg/plate). Discussion and conclusions: Protein – lectin fraction from Urtica dioica L. possesses antimutagenic and radical scavenging properties. Being 2AA a pro-carcinogenic agent, we hypothesize that the antimutagenicity of it can be due to the inhibition of CYP450-isoenzymes, involved in the mutagen bioactivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lectins" title="lectins">lectins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimutagenicity" title=" antimutagenicity"> antimutagenicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemoprevention" title=" chemoprevention"> chemoprevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urtica%20dioica" title=" Urtica dioica "> Urtica dioica </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27253/antimutagenic-activity-of-a-protein-lectin-fraction-from-urtica-dioica-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6396</span> Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Cleoma viscosa Linn. Crude Extracts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suttijit%20Sriwatcharakul">Suttijit Sriwatcharakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The bioactivity studies from the weed ethanolic crude extracts from leaf, stem, pod and root of wild spider flower; Cleoma viscosa Linn. were analyzed for the growth inhibition of 6 bacterial species; Salmonella typhimurium TISTR 5562, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466, Streptococcus epidermidis ATCC 1228, Escherichia coli DMST 4212 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 with initial concentration crude extract of 50 mg/ml. The agar well diffusion results found that the extracts inhibit only gram positive bacteria species; S. aureus, S. epidermidis and B. subtilis. The minimum inhibition concentration study with gram positive strains revealed that leaf crude extract give the best result of the lowest concentration compared with other plant parts to inhibit the growth of S. aureus, S. epidermidis and B. subtilis at 0.78, 0.39 and lower than 0.39 mg/ml, respectively. The determination of total phenolic compounds in the crude extracts exhibited the highest phenolic content was 10.41 mg GAE/g dry weight in leaf crude extract. Analyzed the efficacy of free radical scavenging by using DPPH radical scavenging assay with all crude extracts showed value of IC50 of leaf, stem, pod and root crude extracts were 8.32, 12.26, 21.62 and 35.99 mg/ml, respectively. Studied cytotoxicity of crude extracts on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line by MTT assay found that pod extract had the most cytotoxicity CC50 value, 32.41 µg/ml. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of crude extracts exhibited that the more increase of extract concentration, the more activities indicated. According to the bioactivities results, the leaf crude extract of Cleoma viscosa Linn. is the most interesting plant part for further work to search the beneficial of this weed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title="antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cleoma%20viscosa%20Linn." title=" Cleoma viscosa Linn."> Cleoma viscosa Linn.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20test" title=" cytotoxicity test"> cytotoxicity test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenolic%20compound" title=" total phenolic compound"> total phenolic compound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52855/antimicrobial-antioxidant-and-cytotoxic-activities-of-cleoma-viscosa-linn-crude-extracts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6395</span> Preliminary Phytopharmacological Evaluation of Methanol and Petroleum Ether Extracts of Selected Vegetables of Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mohammad%20Abdul%20Motalib%20Momin">A. Mohammad Abdul Motalib Momin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Sheikh%20Mohammad%20Adil%20Uddin"> B. Sheikh Mohammad Adil Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Md%20Mamunur%20Rashid"> C. Md Mamunur Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Sheikh%20Arman%20Mahbub"> D. Sheikh Arman Mahbub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Mohammad%20Sazzad%20Rahman"> E. Mohammad Sazzad Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Abdullah%20Faruque"> F. Abdullah Faruque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential of methanol and pet ether extracts of the Lagenaria siceraria (LM, LP), Cucumis sativus (CSM, CSP), Cucurbita maxima (CMM, CMP) plants. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups. In Lagenaria siceraria the following groups were identified: alkaloids, steroids, glycosides and saponins for methanol extract and alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, tannins and saponins are for pet ether extract. Glycosides, steroids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins are present in the methanol extract of Cucumis sativus; the pet ether extract has the alkaloids, steroids and saponins. Glycosides, steroids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins are present in both the methanolic and pet ether extract of Cucurbita maxima. In vitro antioxidant activity of the extracts were performed using DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, total antioxidant capacity, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity assays. The most prominent antioxidant activity was observed with the CSM in the DPPH free radical scavenging test with an IC50 value of 1667.23±11.00271 μg/ml as opposed to that of standard ascorbic acid (IC50 value of 15.707± 1.181 μg/ml.) In total antioxidant capacity method, CMP showed the highest activity (427.81±11.4 mg ascorbic acid/g). The total phenolic and flavonoids content were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The highest total phenols and total flavonoids content were found in CMM and LP with the value of 79.06±16.06 mg gallic acid/g & 119.0±1.41 mg quercetin/g, respectively. In nitric oxide (NO) scavenging the most prominent antioxidant activity was observed in CMM with an IC50 value of 8.119± 0.0036 μg/ml. The Cupric reducing capacity of the extracts was strong and dose dependent manner and CSM showed lowest reducing capacity. The cytotoxicity was determined by Brine shrimp lethality test and among these extracts most potent cytotoxicity was shown by CMM with LC50 value 16.98 µg/ml. The obtained results indicate that the investigated plants could be potential sources of natural antioxidants and can be used for various types of diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title="antioxidant">antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol" title=" methanol"> methanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20ether" title=" petroleum ether"> petroleum ether</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7709/preliminary-phytopharmacological-evaluation-of-methanol-and-petroleum-ether-extracts-of-selected-vegetables-of-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">577</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6394</span> Antiplasmodial Activity of Drimane Sesquiterpene Isolated from Warburgia salutaris</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mthokozisi%20Simelane">Mthokozisi Simelane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Malaria remains a life-threatening disease in tropical regions despite the advances in the treatment of this disease, it still remains a significant burden as some parasites have become resistant to the currently available drugs. This has created a necessity for the development of alternative, more efficient antimalarial drugs. Warburgia salutaris is a traditional medicinal plant used in malaria treatment by Zulu traditional healers. Materials and methods: The W. salutaris stem-bark was extracted with dichloromethane and the compound was isolated through column chromatography. The compound was identified and characterized by spectroscopic analysis (1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and MS) and the structure was also confirmed by x-ray crystallography. The anti-plasmodial activity (in vitro) was studied on NF54 Plasmodium falciparum strain (CQS). Cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay on HEK239 and HEPG2 cell lines. Docking of Mukaadial acetate was conducted in AutoDock Vina. Structural modifications were conducted in UCSF Chimera and molecular interactions examined in LigPlot. Results: The compound, Mukaadial Acetate showed appreciable inhibition (IC50 0.44±0.10 µg/ml) of the parasite growth and cytotoxicity activity of 0.124±0.109 and 0.199±0.083 (µg/ml) on HEK293 and HEPG2 cells respectively. Molecular docking revealed that Mukaadial Acetate binds to the purine, pyrophosphate and ribose binding sites of the PfHGXPRT with an optimum binding conformation and forms hydrogen bond, steric and hydrophobic interactions with the residues inhabiting the respective binding sites. Conclusion: It is apparent that W. salutaris contains components (including Mukaadial Acetate) that exhibit antimalarial activity. This study scientifically validates the use of this plant in folk medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmodium%20falciparum" title="plasmodium falciparum">plasmodium falciparum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimalarial%20activity" title=" antimalarial activity"> antimalarial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PfHGXPRT" title=" PfHGXPRT"> PfHGXPRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warburgia%20salutaris" title=" Warburgia salutaris"> Warburgia salutaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mukaadial%20acetate" title=" mukaadial acetate"> mukaadial acetate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70831/antiplasmodial-activity-of-drimane-sesquiterpene-isolated-from-warburgia-salutaris" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6393</span> Indenyl and Allyl Palladates: Synthesis, Bonding, and Anticancer Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Scattolin">T. Scattolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Cavarzerani"> E. Cavarzerani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Visentin"> F. Visentin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rizzolio"> F. Rizzolio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organopalladium compounds have recently attracted attention for their high stability even under physiological conditions and, above all, for their remarkable in vitro cytotoxicity towards cisplatin-resistant cell lines. Among the organopalladium derivatives, those bearing at least one N-heterocyclic carbene ligand (NHC) and the Pd(II)-η³-allyl fragment have exhibited IC₅₀ values in the micro and sub-micromolar range towards several cancer cell lines in vitro and in some cases selectivity towards cancerous vs. non-tumorigenic cells. Herein, a selection of allyl and indenyl palladates were synthesized using a solvent-free method consisting of grinding the corresponding palladium precursors with different saturated and unsaturated azolium salts. All compounds have been fully characterized by NMR, XRD and elemental analyses. The intramolecular H, Cl interaction has been elucidated and quantified using the Voronoi Deformation Density scheme. Most of the complexes showed excellent cytotoxicity towards ovarian cancer cell lines, with I₅₀ values comparable to or even lower than cisplatin. Interestingly, the potent anticancer activity was also confirmed in a high-serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patient-derived tumoroid, with a clear superiority of this class of compounds over classical platinum-based agents. Finally, preliminary enzyme inhibition studies of the synthesized palladate complexes against the model TrxR show that the compounds have high activity comparable to or even higher than auranofin and classical Au(I) NHC complexes. Based on such promising data, further in vitro and in vivo experiments and in-depth mechanistic studies are ongoing in our laboratories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title="anticancer activity">anticancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palladium%20complexes" title=" palladium complexes"> palladium complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organoids" title=" organoids"> organoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indenyl%20and%20allyl%20ligands" title=" indenyl and allyl ligands"> indenyl and allyl ligands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148846/indenyl-and-allyl-palladates-synthesis-bonding-and-anticancer-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6392</span> Ethnopharmacological Analysis of Fermented Herbal Concoctions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishmael%20Ntlhamu">Ishmael Ntlhamu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Limpopo Province, the use of herbal concoctions is becoming very popular. These concoctions are claimed to be capable of treating ulcers, diabetes, certain STDs, blood cleansing, and many more types of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition, evaluate the pharmacological effects and consumption safety in herbal concoctions to treat various kinds of ailments in Limpopo. The concoctions were extracted with 80% acetone. Microorganisms in the concoctions were identified using the Vitek 2 compact system. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was determined using standard chemical tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Total polyphenol content was quantified. Antioxidant activity was quantified using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and ferric reducing power. Antimicrobial activities were determined using a broth micro-dilution assay and bioautography. Cell viability assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity. Results showed that concoctions had antioxidant activity. Presence of different phytoconstituents was observed. Isolated microorganisms were identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei, Staphylococcus vitulimus, Enterococcus columbae, Kocuria kristanae, Staphylococcus intermedius, Cryptococcus laurenti. and Burkholderia pseudomallei (highly pathogenic). Therefore, phytochemicals prove that the concoctions can heal as the antimicrobial tests also displayed activity. Moreover, the concoctions did not exhibit cytotoxic effects. However, contaminants raise concerns, not only for consumer safety but also the quality of herbal concoctions available as part of the traditional medicinal practice in Limpopo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobials" title="antimicrobials">antimicrobials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concoctions" title=" concoctions"> concoctions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemicals" title=" phytochemicals"> phytochemicals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112866/ethnopharmacological-analysis-of-fermented-herbal-concoctions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6391</span> Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Moringa oleifera Extract as Reducing Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temsiri%20Suwan">Temsiri Suwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penpicha%20Wanachantararak"> Penpicha Wanachantararak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakornrat%20Khongkhunthian"> Sakornrat Khongkhunthian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siriporn%20Okonogi"> Siriporn Okonogi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by green synthesis approach using Moringa oleifera aqueous extract (ME) as a reducing agent and silver nitrate as a precursor. The obtained AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results from UV-Vis revealed that the maximum absorption of AgNPs was at 430 nm and the EDX spectrum confirmed Ag element. The results from DLS indicated that the amount of ME played an important role in particle size, size distribution, and zeta potential of the obtained AgNPs. The smallest size (62.4 ± 1.8 nm) with narrow distribution (0.18 ± 0.02) of AgNPs was obtained after using 1% w/v of ME. This system gave high negative zeta potential of -36.5 ± 2.8 mV. SEM results indicated that the obtained AgNPs were spherical in shape. Antibacterial activity using dilution method revealed that the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the obtained AgNPs against Streptococcus mutans were 0.025 and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity test of AgNPs on adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) indicated that the particles impacted against A549 cells. The percentage of cell growth inhibition was 87.5 ± 3.6 % when only 0.1 mg/mL AgNPs was used. These results suggest that ME is the potential reducing agent for green synthesis of AgNPs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20oleifera%20extract" title=" Moringa oleifera extract"> Moringa oleifera extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reducing%20agent" title=" reducing agent"> reducing agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105935/antibacterial-activity-and-cytotoxicity-of-silver-nanoparticles-synthesized-by-moringa-oleifera-extract-as-reducing-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6390</span> Isolation of Cytotoxic Compound from Tectona grandis Stem to Be Used as Thai Medicinal Preparation for Cancer Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onmanee%20Prajuabjinda">Onmanee Prajuabjinda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakakrong%20Thondeeying"> Pakakrong Thondeeying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jipisute%20Chunthorng-Orn"> Jipisute Chunthorng-Orn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhanuz%20Dechayont"> Bhanuz Dechayont</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat"> Arunporn Itharat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Thai medicinal preparation has been used for cancer treatment more than ten years ago in Khampramong Temple. Tectona grandis stem is one ingredient of this Thai medicinal remedy. The ethanolic extract of Tectona grandis stem showed the highest cytotoxic activities against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), but was less cytotoxic against large cell lung carcinoma (COR-L23) (IC50 = 3.92 and 7.78 µg/ml, respectively). It was isolated by bioassay-guided isolation method. Tectoquinone, a anthraquinone compound was isolated from this plant. This compound showed high specific cytotoxicity against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), but was less cytotoxic against large cell lung carcinoma (COR-L23)(IC50 =16.15 and 47.56 µg/ml or 72.67 and 214.00 µM, respectively). However, it showed less cytotoxic activity than the crude extract. In conclusion, tectoquinone as a main compound, is not the best cytotoxic compound from Tectona grandis, so there are more active cytotoxic compounds in this extract which should be isolated in the future. Moreover, tectoquinone displayed specific cytotoxicity against only human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) which is a good criterion for cancer treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tectona%20grandis" title="Tectona grandis">Tectona grandis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRB%20assay" title=" SRB assay"> SRB assay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tectoquinone" title=" tectoquinone"> tectoquinone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25415/isolation-of-cytotoxic-compound-from-tectona-grandis-stem-to-be-used-as-thai-medicinal-preparation-for-cancer-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6389</span> Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Activity of Cinchona Alkaloids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alma%20Rami%C4%87">Alma Ramić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirjana%20Sko%C4%8Dibu%C5%A1i%C4%87"> Mirjana Skočibušić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20Od%C5%BEak"> Renata Odžak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomica%20Hrenar"> Tomica Hrenar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Primo%C5%BEi%C4%8D"> Ines Primožič</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In an attempt to identify a new class of antimicrobial agents, the antimicrobial potential of Cinchona alkaloid derivatives was evaluated. The bark of the Cinchona trees is the source of a variety of alkaloids, among which the best known are quinine, quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine. They are very useful as organocatalysts in stereoselective synthesis. On the other hand, quinine is traditionally used in the treatment of malaria. Furthermore, Cinchona alkaloids possess various analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti–arrhythmic properties as well. In this work we present the synthesis of twenty quaternary derivatives of pseudo−enantiomeric Cinchona alkaloid derivatives to evaluate their antibacterial activity. Quaternization of quinuclidine moiety was carried out with groups diverse in their size. The structures of compounds were systematically modified to obtain drug-like properties with proper physical and chemical properties and avoiding toxophore. All compounds were prepared in good yields and were characterized by standard analytical spectroscopy methods (1D and 2D NMR, IR, MS). The antibacterial activities of all compounds were evaluated against series of recent clinical isolates of antibiotic susceptible Gram-positive and resistant Gram-negative pathogens by determining their zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentrations. All compounds showed good to strong broad-spectrum activity, equivalent or better in comparison with standard antibiotics used. Furthermore, seven compounds exhibited significant antibacterial efficiency against Gram-negative isolates. To visualize the results, principal component analysis was used as an additional classification tool. Cytotoxicity of compounds with different cell lines in human cell culture was determined. Based on these results, substituted quaternary Cinchona scaffold can be considered as promising new class of antimicrobials and further investigations should be performed. Supported by Croatian Science Foundation, Project No 3775 ADESIRE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20efficiency" title="antibacterial efficiency">antibacterial efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinchona%20alkaloids" title=" cinchona alkaloids"> cinchona alkaloids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo%E2%80%90enantiomers" title=" pseudo‐enantiomers"> pseudo‐enantiomers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103590/antibacterial-and-cytotoxicity-activity-of-cinchona-alkaloids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6388</span> Metabolites of Polygonum L. Plants Having Antitumor Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitriy%20Yu.%20Korulkin">Dmitriy Yu. Korulkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raissa%20A.%20Muzychkina"> Raissa A. Muzychkina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article represents the results of research of antitumor activity of different structural types of plant flavonoids extracted by authors from Polygonum L. plants in commercial reserves at the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the first time ever the results comparative research of antitumor activity of plant flavonoids of different structural groups and their synthetic derivatives have been represented. The results of determination of toxicity of flavonoids in single parenteral infusion conditions have been represented. Experimental substantiation of possible mechanisms of antiproliferative and cytotoxic action of flavonoids has been suggested. The perspectives of usage of plant flavonoids as medications and creation of effective dosage forms of antitumor medicines on their basis have been substantiated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor%20activity" title="antitumor activity">antitumor activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polygonum%20L." title=" Polygonum L."> Polygonum L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20metabolites" title=" secondary metabolites"> secondary metabolites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28922/metabolites-of-polygonum-l-plants-having-antitumor-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6387</span> Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Triazolopyridazine Derivatives </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azza%20T.%20Tahera">Azza T. Tahera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20M.%20Ahmeda"> Eman M. Ahmeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20A.%20Khalila"> Nadia A. Khalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassin%20M.%20Nissanb"> Yassin M. Nissanb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> New 3-(pyridin-4-yl)-[1,2,4] triazolo [4,3-b] pyridazine derivatives 2a-i, 4a,b and 6a,b were designed, synthesized and evaluated as cytotoxic agents. All compounds were investigated for their in vitro cytotoxicity at a single dose 10-5M concentration towards 60 cancer cell lines according to USA NCI protocol. The preliminary screening results showed that the majority of tested compounds exhibited remarkable activity against SR (leukemia) cell panel. Molecular docking for all synthesized compounds was performed on the active site of c-Met kinase. The most active compounds, 2f and 4a were further evaluated at a seven dose level screening and their IC50 as a c-Met kinase inhibitors were determined in vitro. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triazolopyridazines" title="triazolopyridazines">triazolopyridazines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyridazines" title=" pyridazines"> pyridazines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxic%20activity" title=" cytotoxic activity"> cytotoxic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20panel" title=" cell panel"> cell panel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22560/synthesis-molecular-docking-and-cytotoxic-activity-of-novel-triazolopyridazine-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">536</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=213">213</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=214">214</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity%20activity&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>