CINXE.COM
Montesquieu - Wikiquote
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="pt" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Montesquieu - Wikiquote</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )ptwikiquotemwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janeiro","fevereiro","março","abril","maio","junho","julho","agosto","setembro","outubro","novembro","dezembro"],"wgRequestId":"e853e825-b929-44f1-864f-27ab04601584","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Montesquieu","wgTitle":"Montesquieu","wgCurRevisionId":211259,"wgRevisionId":211259,"wgArticleId":1287,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Páginas que utilizam a extensão JsonConfig","!Artigos bons na Wikipédia em chinês clássico","Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN","Nascidos em 1689","Mortos em 1755","Pessoas","Filósofos da França","Políticos da França"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"pt","wgPageContentLanguage":"pt","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Montesquieu","wgRelevantArticleId":1287,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[], "wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikiquote","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"pt","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"pt"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q15975","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pt&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=pt&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1475"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png/800px-Montesquieu_1.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="984"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png/640px-Montesquieu_1.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="787"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Montesquieu - Wikiquote"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//pt.m.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editar" href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=edit"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikiquote.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikiquote (pt)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//pt.wikiquote.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="''Feed'' Atom Wikiquote" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Mudan%C3%A7as_recentes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Montesquieu rootpage-Montesquieu skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Saltar para o conteúdo</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="''Site''"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Menu principal" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegação </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" title="Visitar a página principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Página principal</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiquote:Portal_comunit%C3%A1rio" title="Sobre o projeto, o que se pode fazer e onde encontrar as coisas"><span>Portal comunitário</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiquote:Esplanada" title="Informação temática sobre acontecimentos atuais"><span>Esplanada</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mudan%C3%A7as_recentes" title="Uma lista de mudanças recentes nesta wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mudanças recentes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Aleat%C3%B3ria" title="Carregar página aleatória [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Artigo aleatório</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:P%C3%A1gina_principal" title="Um local reservado para auxílio."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikiquote.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikiquote" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikiquote-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 4.8125em; height: 2.5em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Pesquisar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Procurar este wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pesquisa</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Pesquisar na wiki Wikiquote" aria-label="Pesquisar na wiki Wikiquote" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Procurar este wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Pesquisar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Pesquisar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramentas pessoais"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspeto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspeto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pt.wikiquote.org&uselang=pt" class=""><span>Donativos</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Criar_conta&returnto=Montesquieu" title="É encorajado a criar uma conta e iniciar sessão; no entanto, não é obrigatório" class=""><span>Criar uma conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&returnto=Montesquieu" title="É encorajado que inicie sessão, apesar de não ser obrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Entrar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Mais opções" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas pessoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas pessoais</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu do utilizador" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pt.wikiquote.org&uselang=pt"><span>Donativos</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Criar_conta&returnto=Montesquieu" title="É encorajado a criar uma conta e iniciar sessão; no entanto, não é obrigatório"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Criar uma conta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&returnto=Montesquieu" title="É encorajado que inicie sessão, apesar de não ser obrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Entrar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páginas para editores sem sessão iniciada <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introduction" aria-label="Saiba mais sobre edição"><span>saber mais</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Minhas_contribui%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="Uma lista de edições feitas a partir deste endereço IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribuições</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Minha_discuss%C3%A3o" title="Discussão sobre edições feitas a partir deste endereço IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussão para este IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="''Site''"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Conteúdo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Conteúdo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Verificadas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verificadas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Verificadas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verificadas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atribuídas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atribuídas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Atribuídas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atribuídas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Índice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Montesquieu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 37 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88" title="مونتسكيو — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مونتسكيو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C5%9Earl_Lui_Montesky%C3%B6" title="Şarl Lui Monteskyö — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şarl Lui Monteskyö" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%BE" title="Шарл Монтескьо — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шарл Монтескьо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81" title="মন্তেস্কু — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মন্তেস্কু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles-Louis_de_Secondat_Montesquieu" title="Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Louis_Montesquieu" title="Charles Louis Montesquieu — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Charles Louis Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesqui%C3%A9u" title="Montesquiéu — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Montesquiéu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_de_Montesquieu" title="Charles de Montesquieu — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Charles de Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikiquote.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%AD" title="Μοντεσκιέ — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοντεσκιέ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_de_Montesquieu" title="Charles de Montesquieu — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Charles de Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88" title="شارل دو مونتسکیو — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شارل دو مونتسکیو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_de_Montesquieu" title="Charles de Montesquieu — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Charles de Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="שארל לואי מונטסקייה — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שארל לואי מונטסקייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82" title="मान्टेस्क्यू — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मान्टेस्क्यू" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles-Louis_de_Secondat_Montesquieu" title="Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%AC_%D5%A4%D5%A5_%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B8" title="Շառլ դե Մոնտեսքիո — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շառլ դե Մոնտեսքիո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%94" title="შარლ ლუი მონტესკიე — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შარლ ლუი მონტესკიე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C5%A0arlis_Lui_Monteskj%C4%97" title="Šarlis Lui Monteskjė — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šarlis Lui Monteskjė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Monteskiusz" title="Monteskiusz — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monteskiusz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Шарль Луи Монтескье — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шарль Луи Монтескье" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat,_Baron_de_Montesquieu" title="Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat_Montesquieu" title="Charles de Secondat Montesquieu — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Charles de Secondat Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Монтескје — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Монтескје" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82" title="மான்டெஸ்கியூ — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மான்டெஸ்கியூ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82" title="మాంటెస్క్యూ — telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాంటెస్క్యూ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD" title="มงแต็สกีเยอ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มงแต็สกีเยอ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Montesquieu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%97_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%27%D1%94" title="Шарль Луї де Монтеск'є — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шарль Луї де Монтеск'є" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E9%B8%A0" title="孟德斯鸠 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孟德斯鸠" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15975#sitelinks-wikiquote" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Montesquieu" rel="discussion" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a variante da língua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">português</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=edit" title="Editar esta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=edit" title="Editar esta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Montesquieu" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Artigos relacionados</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Montesquieu" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=pt" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&oldid=211259" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Montesquieu&id=211259&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikiquote.org%2Fwiki%2FMontesquieu"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikiquote.org%2Fwiki%2FMontesquieu"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Montesquieu"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Montesquieu&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Montesquieu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montesquieu" hreflang="pt"><span>Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15975" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikiquote, a coletânea de citações livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r208998">.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2{background:#f9f9f9;color:#000;font-size:90%;line-height:1.1em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;width:23em;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 th{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 .topo{height:45px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;font-size:120%;font-weight:bolder;line-height:1.2em;color:#000}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 .midia{height:35px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;font-weight:bolder;color:#000}</style> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="float:right;width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center; font-size:large; background-color:#C0CFE9; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Montesquieu</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Montesquieu_1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Montesquieu"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png/240px-Montesquieu_1.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png/360px-Montesquieu_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Montesquieu_1.png/480px-Montesquieu_1.png 2x" data-file-width="1177" data-file-height="1447" /></a><figcaption>Montesquieu</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Charles-Louis de Secondat<br />18 de janeiro de 1689<br /><span class="birthplace">Château de la Brède (Reino da França)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">10 de fevereiro de 1755 (<span style="white-space:nowrap">66 anos</span>)<br /><span class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> (Reino da França)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cidadania </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Reino da França </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Ocupação </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">filósofo, <a href="/wiki/Escritor" title="Escritor">escritor</a>, romancista, sociólogo, <a href="/wiki/Advogado" title="Advogado">advogado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juiz" title="Juiz">juiz</a>, Enciclopedistas, <a href="/wiki/Historiador" title="Historiador">historiador</a>, político, jurista </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Assinatura </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Signatur_Charles_de_Secondat,_Baron_de_Montesquieu.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Signatur_Charles_de_Secondat%2C_Baron_de_Montesquieu.PNG/220px-Signatur_Charles_de_Secondat%2C_Baron_de_Montesquieu.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Signatur_Charles_de_Secondat%2C_Baron_de_Montesquieu.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:gainsboro"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15975" class="extiw" title="d:Q15975">edite no Wikidata</a>]</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><big><big><b><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montesquieu" class="extiw" title="w:Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></b></big></big> (?) foi um filósofo francês. </p> <hr /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verificadas">Verificadas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Verificadas"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"Se quiséssemos ser apenas felizes, isso não seria difícil. Mas como queremos ficar mais felizes do que os outros, é difícil, porque achamos os outros mais felizes do que realmente são."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Si on ne voulait qu'être heureux , cela serait bientôt fait : mais on veut être plus heureux que les autres ; et cela est presque toujours difficile , parce que nous croyons les autres plus heureux qu'ils ne sont.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres - Volume 2 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=OBUTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA593">Página 593</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles-Louis_de_Secondat_de_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles-Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu">Charles-Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu</a> - 1817</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Não há mais cruel <a href="/wiki/Tirania" title="Tirania">tirania</a> do que aquela que exerce à sombra das <a href="/wiki/Lei" title="Lei">leis</a> e com as cores da <a href="/wiki/Justi%C3%A7a" title="Justiça">justiça</a>."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- Il n’y a point de plus cruelle tyrannie que celle que l’on exerce à l’ombre des lois et avec les couleurs de la justice <dl><dd>- <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Montesquieu</a> in: Dictionnaire raisonné des siences des artes et des métiers, par une société de gens de lettres: Tome Quatorzieme - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=wS9oAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA334">Página 334</a>, Chez Samuel Faulche, 1715</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Quanto menos os homens pensam, mais eles falam; e as mulheres falam mais que os homens por força de ociosidade, elas não tem o que pensar"</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Moins on pense , plus on parle : ainsi les femmes parlent plus que les hommes; à force d'oisiveté, elles n'ont point à penser. </i> <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres complètes de Montesquieu ... avec des notes d'Helvétius sur L'esprit des lois..: tome douzième - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=JAui_M2yHsYC&pg=PA208">Página 208</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Louis_de_Secondat_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu">Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu</a> (Baron de), Claude Adrien Helvétius - chez Pierre Didot l'aine, 1795 - 240 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Liberdade" title="Liberdade">liberdade</a> é o <a href="/wiki/Direito" title="Direito">direito</a> de fazer o que a legislação permite"</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>la liberté est le droit de faire tout ce que les lois permettent</i> <dl><dd>De l'esprit des lois - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=UUgHAAAAQAAJ&pg=308">Página 308</a>, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu, 1784</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Liberdade" title="Liberdade">liberdade</a>, esse bem que nos permite desfrutar dos outros bens."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- La liberté, ce bien qui fait jouir des autres biens. <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres complètes de Montesquieu - Volume 2 - Página 453, <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat_baron_de_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Secondat baron de Montesquieu">Charles de Secondat baron de Montesquieu</a>, André Masson - Editions Nagel, 1950</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Um <a href="/wiki/Governo" title="Governo">governo</a> precisa apenas vagamente o que a <a href="/wiki/Trai%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Traição">traição</a> é, e vai contribuir para o <a href="/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo">despotismo</a>".</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>- "Esprit des Lois, XII, 7" <i></i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"É uma infelicidade que existam tão poucos intervalos entre o tempo em que somos demasiado novos e o tempo em que somos demasiado velhos".</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>C'est un malheur qu'il y a trop peu d'intervalle entre le</i> <dl><dd>- <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Montesquieu</a>; Pensées et fragments inédits de Montesquieu - Página 92, de Charles de Secondat Montesquieu, Gaston Jean-Marie Ludovic de Secondat Montesquieu - Publicado por G. Gounouilhou, 1901 v.2</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Quanto menos se pensa, mais se fala."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>moins on pense, plus on parle</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Œuvres complètes - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=pZYGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA247">página 247</a>, de Charles de Secondat Montesquieu - 1823 </i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Gostaria de suprimir as pompas fúnebres. Devemos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chorar (página não existe)">chorar</a> pelo <a href="/wiki/Homem" title="Homem">homem</a>, no seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nascimento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nascimento (página não existe)">nascimento</a>, e não na sua <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morte</a>."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Je voudrais bannir les pompes funèbres. Il faut pleurer les hommes à leur naissance , et non pas à leur mort.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres - Volume 6, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=WBoTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA84">Página 84</a>, Charles-Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu - 1819</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Lei" title="Lei">Leis</a> inúteis enfraquecem as leis necessárias."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>les lois inutiles affaiblissent les lois nécessaires</i> <dl><dd>- <i>De l'esprit des lois, Volume 4 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=dekTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT109">página 109</a>, Charles Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu - Didot, 1803</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Todos os <a href="/wiki/Homens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homens">homens</a> são bestas; os <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Príncipe">príncipes</a> são bestas que não estão atreladas."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Tous les hommes sont des bêtes; les princes sont des bêtes qui ne sont pas attachées</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Cahiers (1716-1755) - Página 110, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de), Editores Bernard Grasset, André Masson - Bernard Grasset, 1941 - 305 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Lux%C3%BAria" title="Luxúria">luxúria</a> é como a <a href="/wiki/Avareza" title="Avareza">avareza</a>: quantos mais <a href="/wiki/Tesouro" title="Tesouro">tesouros</a> tem, mais sôfrega se torna".</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>il en est de la luxure comme de l'avarice; elle augmente sa soif par l'acquisition des trésors. </i> <dl><dd>- <i>Œuvres complètes de Montesquieu: avec des notes - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=smVBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA538">Página 538</a>, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de) - Lefèvre, 1835 - 771 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Se eu soubesse algo que me fosse útil e que fosse prejudicial à minha <a href="/wiki/Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Família">família</a>, expulsá-lo-ia de meu <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%ADrito" title="Espírito">espírito</a>. Se eu soubesse algo útil à minha família que não o fosse à minha <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1tria" title="Pátria">pátria</a>, tentaria esquecê-lo. Se eu soubesse algo útil à minha pátria que fosse prejudicial à <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>, ou que fosse útil à Europa e prejudicial ao gênero <a href="/wiki/Humano" class="mw-redirect" title="Humano">humano</a>, considerá-lo-ia um crime"</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Si je savais quelque chose qui me fût utile et qui fut préjudiciable à ma familie , je le rejetterais de mon esprit. Si je savais quelque chose qui fût utile à ma famille, et qui ne le fût pas à ma patrie, je chercherais à l’oublier. Si je savais quelque chose utile à ma patrie, et qui fût préjudiciable à l’Europe, et au genre humain, je la regarderais comme un crime.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres, Volume 2 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=OBUTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA584">página 584</a>, de Charles-Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu, 1817</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Eu sou necessariamente um homem, e eu sou francês apenas por acaso."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>je suis nécessairement homme, et que je ne suis Français que par hasard</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Politique de Montesquieu - Página 303, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de), Compilado por Jean Ehrard, Editora A. Colin, 1965 - 331 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Todo <a href="/wiki/Homem" title="Homem">homem</a> investido de <a href="/wiki/Poder" title="Poder">poder</a> é tentado a abusar dele."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>tout homme qui a du pouvoir est porté à en abuser</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Montesquieu: Choix de textes et introduction - Página 32, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de) - Louis-Michaud, 1910 - 224 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Ignor%C3%A2ncia" title="Ignorância">ignorância</a> é a <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A3e" class="mw-redirect" title="Mãe">mãe</a> das <a href="/wiki/Tradi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Tradição">tradições</a>".</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>L'ignorance qui est la mère des traditions</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Mélanges inédits de Montesquieu - Página 140, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de) - G. Gounouilhou, 1892 - 302 página</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Quase todas as <a href="/wiki/Monarquia" title="Monarquia">monarquias</a> foram instituídas na <a href="/wiki/Ignor%C3%A2ncia" title="Ignorância">ignorância</a> das <a href="/wiki/Arte" title="Arte">artes</a> e destruídas porque as cultivaram demais".</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>presque toutes les monarchies n'ont été fondées que sur l'ignorance des arts , et n'ont été détruites que parce qu'on les a trop cultivés.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Oeuvres complètes de Montesquieu: Lettres persanes - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=NCUQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA234">Página 234</a>, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu - 1799</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Um <a href="/wiki/Homem" title="Homem">homem</a> não é infeliz porque tem <a href="/wiki/Ambi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ambição">ambições</a>, mas porque elas o devoram."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>un homme n'est pas malheureux parce qu'il a de l'ambition, mais parce qu'il en est dévoré</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Œuvres complètes de Montesquieu: Discours, lettres, voyage à Paphos - Volume 7, Página 180, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de) - Garnier frères, 1879</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Amizade" title="Amizade">amizade</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Contrato" title="Contrato">contrato</a> segundo o qual nos comprometemos a prestar pequenos favores para que no-los retribuam com grandes."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>L'amitié est un contrat par lequel nous nous engageons à rendre de petits services à quelqu'un, afin qu'il nous en rende de grands.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Pensées et fragments inédits de Montesquieu, Volume 2 - Página 109, Charles de Secondat Montesquieu (baron de) - G. Gounouilhou, 1901 ((2062. III, f° 342))</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Se os triângulos tivessem um <a href="/wiki/Deus" title="Deus">deus</a>, ele teria três lados."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>fi les Triangles faifoient un Dieu, ils lui donneroient trois côtés. </i> <dl><dd>- <i>Carta LVII (1714), in: "Lettres persanes", Volume 1 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?lr=&as_brr=1&id=v7QWAAAAQAAJ&&pg=PA134">Página 134</a>, Charles Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu - Pierre Marteau, , 1730, 4a. ed. - 170 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atribuídas"><span id="Atribu.C3.ADdas"></span>Atribuídas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Atribuídas"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Injusti%C3%A7a" title="Injustiça">injustiça</a> que se faz a um é uma ameaça que se faz a todos."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Une injustice, faite à un seul, est une menace pour tous les autres</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Como citado em "Devoirs du chef: déontologie et psychologie professionnelle ..." - Página 102, Max Lambert - Presses Universitaires de France, 1942, 2a. ed. - 206 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Para se fazer grandes coisas não se deve estar acima dos <a href="/wiki/Homens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homens">homens</a>, mas junto deles."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Pour faire de grosses choses, il ne faut pas être au dessus des hommes, il faut être avec eux.</i> <dl><dd>- <i>Como citado em "Associations transnationales", Volume 36 - Página 310, Union of International Associations - 1984</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Família">família</a> virtuosa é um <a href="/wiki/Barco" title="Barco">barco</a> que, nas tormentas, fica preso por duas âncoras: <a href="/wiki/Religi%C3%A3o" title="Religião">religião</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costume (página não existe)">costumes</a>."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Une famille vertueuse est un vaisseau tenu pendant la tempête, par deux ancres, la Religion & les Mœurs. </i> <dl><dd>- <i>Montesquieu in: Esprit des Loix; citado em Dictionnaire de pensées ingénieuses, tant en vers qu'en prose, des meilleurs écrivains françois - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=G1QGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA512">Página 512</a>, Blaise-Louis Pelée de Chenouteau - La veuve Duchesne, 1773, 1121 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A <a href="/wiki/Cren%C3%A7a" title="Crença">crença</a> de ser a <a href="/wiki/Juventude" title="Juventude">juventude</a> a época mais feliz da <a href="/wiki/Vida" title="Vida">vida</a> é baseada numa falácia. A pessoa mais feliz é aquela que tem os <a href="/wiki/Pensamento" title="Pensamento">pensamentos</a> mais interessantes. Assim, podemos tornarmo-nos mais felizes na medida em que nos tornamos mais <a href="/wiki/Velho" class="mw-redirect" title="Velho">velhos</a>."</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>- <i>Montesquieu citado em Citações da Cultura Universal - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.br/books?id=adQWhMA1x0YC&pg=PA503">página 503</a>, Alberto J. G. Villamarín, Editora AGE Ltda, 2002, <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/8574970891" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 8574970891</a>, 9788574970899, 574 páginas</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐64f8f8dcdb‐5q52j Cached time: 20250223165655 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.258 seconds Real time usage: 0.371 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3348/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13475/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2416/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 626/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.122/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5006750/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 333.712 1 Predefinição:Info/Biografia/Wikidata 100.00% 333.712 1 -total 91.28% 304.608 1 Predefinição:Info 26.48% 88.351 2 Predefinição:Br_separated_entries 11.12% 37.103 1 Predefinição:Categorização_AD_e_AB_de_outras_wikis 7.45% 24.853 2 Predefinição:If_then_show 3.96% 13.201 1 Predefinição:Tempo_em_anos 2.08% 6.953 1 Predefinição:EditeNoWikidata 1.82% 6.064 1 Predefinição:PAGENAMEBASE 1.01% 3.385 5 Predefinição:Info/txt --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwikiquote:pcache:1287:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250223165655 and revision id 211259. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&oldid=211259">https://pt.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&oldid=211259</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nascidos_em_1689" title="Categoria:Nascidos em 1689">Nascidos em 1689</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Mortos_em_1755" title="Categoria:Mortos em 1755">Mortos em 1755</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pessoas" title="Categoria:Pessoas">Pessoas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Fil%C3%B3sofos_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Categoria:Filósofos da França">Filósofos da França</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Pol%C3%ADticos_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Categoria:Políticos da França">Políticos da França</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias ocultas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A1ginas_que_utilizam_a_extens%C3%A3o_JsonConfig" title="Categoria:Páginas que utilizam a extensão JsonConfig">Páginas que utilizam a extensão JsonConfig</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_bons_na_Wikip%C3%A9dia_em_chin%C3%AAs_cl%C3%A1ssico" title="Categoria:!Artigos bons na Wikipédia em chinês clássico">!Artigos bons na Wikipédia em chinês clássico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A1ginas_que_usam_hiperliga%C3%A7%C3%B5es_m%C3%A1gicas_ISBN" title="Categoria:Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN">Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 18h02min de 24 de junho de 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) da Creative Commons</a>; pode estar sujeito a condições adicionais. Para mais detalhes, consulte as <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">condições de utilização</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/pt-br">Política de privacidade</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikiquote:Sobre">Sobre o Wikiquote</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikiquote:Ren%C3%BAncias_Gerais">Renúncias gerais</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Código de conduta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programadores</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/pt.wikiquote.org">Estatísticas</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declaração sobre ''cookies''</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//pt.m.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Montesquieu&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versão móvel</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pesquisa</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Pesquisar na wiki Wikiquote"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Pesquisar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Pesquisar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Montesquieu</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>37 línguas</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Adicionar tópico</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6cc877bdc-4jn8k","wgBackendResponseTime":155,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.258","walltime":"0.371","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3348,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":13475,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2416,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":626,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 333.712 1 Predefinição:Info/Biografia/Wikidata","100.00% 333.712 1 -total"," 91.28% 304.608 1 Predefinição:Info"," 26.48% 88.351 2 Predefinição:Br_separated_entries"," 11.12% 37.103 1 Predefinição:Categorização_AD_e_AB_de_outras_wikis"," 7.45% 24.853 2 Predefinição:If_then_show"," 3.96% 13.201 1 Predefinição:Tempo_em_anos"," 2.08% 6.953 1 Predefinição:EditeNoWikidata"," 1.82% 6.064 1 Predefinição:PAGENAMEBASE"," 1.01% 3.385 5 Predefinição:Info/txt"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.122","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5006750,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-64f8f8dcdb-5q52j","timestamp":"20250223165655","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Montesquieu","url":"https:\/\/pt.wikiquote.org\/wiki\/Montesquieu","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q15975","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q15975","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contribuidores dos projetos da Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-04-27T20:59:47Z","dateModified":"2024-06-24T18:02:19Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fc\/Montesquieu_1.png","headline":"mostequis"}</script> </body> </html>