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Fornnordiska – Wikipedia

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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&amp;returnto=Fornnordiska" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&amp;returnto=Fornnordiska" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&amp;returnto=Fornnordiska" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Varianter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varianter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Varianter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varianter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Runnordiska" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Runnordiska"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Runnordiska</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Runnordiska-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Historia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bakgrund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Bakgrund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utveckling_och_påverkan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utveckling_och_påverkan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Utveckling och påverkan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utveckling_och_påverkan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senare_historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senare_historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Senare historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senare_historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Se även</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fornnordiska_begrepp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fornnordiska_begrepp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Fornnordiska begrepp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fornnordiska_begrepp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidare_läsning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidare_läsning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vidare läsning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidare_läsning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornnordiska</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 75 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oudnoors" title="Oudnoors – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oudnoors" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altnordische_Sprache" title="Altnordische Sprache – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Altnordische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9" title="اللغة النوردية القديمة – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة النوردية القديمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_norr%C3%A9n_antigo" title="Idioma norrén antigo – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma norrén antigo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B3rdicu_antiguu" title="Nórdicu antiguu – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nórdicu antiguu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99dim_skandinav_dili" title="Qədim skandinav dili – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qədim skandinav dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="প্রাচীন নর্স ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাচীন নর্স ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Старажытнаскандынаўская мова – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Старажытнаскандынаўская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Стараскандынаўская мова – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стараскандынаўская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Староскандинавски език – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Староскандинавски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oidnordische_Sproch" title="Oidnordische Sproch – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Oidnordische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norseg" title="Norseg – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Norseg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norr%C3%A8" title="Norrè – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Norrè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%C3%A1_sever%C5%A1tina" title="Stará severština – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stará severština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hen_Norseg" title="Hen Norseg – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hen Norseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldnordisk_(sprog)" title="Oldnordisk (sprog) – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oldnordisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altnordische_Sprache" title="Altnordische Sprache – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Altnordische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanap%C3%B5hja_keel" title="Vanapõhja keel – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vanapõhja keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Αρχαία σκανδιναβική γλώσσα – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχαία σκανδιναβική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Old Norse" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B3rdico_antiguo" title="Nórdico antiguo – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nórdico antiguo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malnovnordlanda_lingvo" title="Malnovnordlanda lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malnovnordlanda lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antzinako_eskandinaviera" title="Antzinako eskandinaviera – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antzinako eskandinaviera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان نورس باستان – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان نورس باستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norr%C3%B8nt_m%C3%A1l" title="Norrønt mál – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Norrønt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vieux_norrois" title="Vieux norrois – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vieux norrois" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldnoarsk" title="Aldnoarsk – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aldnoarsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenn_Loghlynish" title="Shenn Loghlynish – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Shenn Loghlynish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seann-Lochlannais" title="Seann-Lochlannais – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Seann-Lochlannais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_n%C3%B3rdica_antiga" title="Lingua nórdica antiga – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua nórdica antiga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A4%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="کؤنه نؤرس – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="کؤنه نؤرس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%93%9C%EC%96%B4" title="고대 노르드어 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고대 노르드어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staronordijski_jezik" title="Staronordijski jezik – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Staronordijski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Nordik_Kuno" title="Bahasa Nordik Kuno – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Nordik Kuno" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fornnorr%C3%A6na" title="Fornnorræna – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fornnorræna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_norrena" title="Lingua norrena – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua norrena" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="נורדית עתיקה – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נורדית עתיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ძველსკანდინავიური ენა – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძველსკანდინავიური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Важ скандинав кыв – kome" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Важ скандинав кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="kome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Nordica_antiqua" title="Lingua Nordica antiqua – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Nordica antiqua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senskandin%C4%81vu_valoda" title="Senskandināvu valoda – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Senskandināvu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senov%C4%97s_skandinav%C5%B3_kalba" title="Senovės skandinavų kalba – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Senovės skandinavų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nors_antich" title="Nors antich – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nors antich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93%C3%A9szaki_nyelv" title="Óészaki nyelv – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Óészaki nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Старонордиски јазик – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Старонордиски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="کهنه نورس – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کهنه نورس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Nor_Kuno" title="Bahasa Nor Kuno – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Nor Kuno" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oudnoords" title="Oudnoords – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oudnoords" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ooldnoords" title="Ooldnoords – lågsaxiska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ooldnoords" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaxiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E3%83%8E%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E8%AA%9E" title="古ノルド語 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="古ノルド語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ualnoorsk" title="Ualnoorsk – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ualnoorsk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vu%C3%BB_norreis" title="Vuû norreis – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Vuû norreis" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noro%C3%A8c" title="Noroèc – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Noroèc" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordico_bieu" title="Nordico bieu – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Nordico bieu" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_staronordyjski" title="Język staronordyjski – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język staronordyjski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_n%C3%B3rdica_antiga" title="Língua nórdica antiga – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua nórdica antiga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_nordic%C4%83_veche" title="Limba nordică veche – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba nordică veche" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Древнескандинавский язык – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Древнескандинавский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auld_Norse" title="Auld Norse – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Auld Norse" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_e_vjet%C3%ABr_nordike" title="Gjuha e vjetër nordike – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha e vjetër nordike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse_language" title="Old Norse language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Old Norse language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starosever%C4%8Dina" title="Staroseverčina – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Staroseverčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Старонордијски језик – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Старонордијски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staronordijski_jezik" title="Staronordijski jezik – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Staronordijski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muinaisnorja" title="Muinaisnorja – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Muinaisnorja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2" title="ภาษานอร์สเก่า – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษานอร์สเก่า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eski_Nors%C3%A7a" title="Eski Norsça – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eski Norsça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Давньоскандинавська мова – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Давньоскандинавська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="قدیم نورس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قدیم نورس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_B%E1%BA%AFc_%C3%82u_c%E1%BB%95" title="Tiếng Bắc Âu cổ – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Bắc Âu cổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oudnoors" title="Oudnoors – västflamländska" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Oudnoors" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="västflamländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%BA%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="古诺斯语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="古诺斯语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E6%96%87" title="古羅斯文 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="古羅斯文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norskiyo_K%C4%B1han" title="Norskiyo Kıhan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Norskiyo Kıhan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="古諾斯語 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古諾斯語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35505#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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#9f9fff;background-color:#efefff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.nested-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;width:100%;margin:2px 4px}</style><table class="metadata ambox ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/40px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/80px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln <b>behöver fler eller bättre <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:K%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Källhänvisningar">källhänvisningar</a> för att kunna <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet">verifieras</a>.</b> <small>(2020-10)</small> <br /><small>Åtgärda genom att lägga till pålitliga källor (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion_till_k%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Introduktion till källhänvisningar">gärna som fotnoter</a>). Uppgifter utan källhänvisning kan <a href="/wiki/Mall:K%C3%A4lla_beh%C3%B6vs" title="Mall:Källa behövs">ifrågasättas</a> och tas bort utan att det behöver diskuteras på <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Fornnordiska" title="Diskussion:Fornnordiska">diskussionssidan</a>.</small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-size:130%;background:#c9ffd9;">Fornnordiska</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;background:#c9ffd9;">Dǫnsk tunga<br />Norrǿnt mál</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Region</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Norden" title="Norden">Norden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien_(%C3%B6)" title="Storbritannien (ö)">Storbritannien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_och_Labrador" title="Newfoundland och Labrador">Newfoundland och Labrador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> och platser däremellan</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Språkfamilj</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Indoeuropeiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoeuropeiska språk">Indoeuropeiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Germanska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanska språk">Germanska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Nordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nordiska språk">Nordiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Fornnordiska</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Skriftsystem" title="Skriftsystem">Skriftsystem</a></div></div></th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Runor" title="Runor">Runor</a>; senare <a href="/wiki/Latinska_alfabetet" title="Latinska alfabetet">latinska alfabetet</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#c9ffd9;">Språkkoder</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐2</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=330">non</a></span></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐3</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/non" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:non">non</a></kbd></td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Fornnordiska</b> är en äldre<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> term för det eller de<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Germanska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanska språk">germanska språk</a> som talades i <a href="/wiki/Norden" title="Norden">Norden</a> runt <a href="/wiki/Vikingatiden" title="Vikingatiden">vikingatiden</a> (år 800–1200-talet<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Av de <a href="/wiki/Nordm%C3%A4n" title="Nordmän">vikingatida nordborna</a> själva användes ibland uttrycket <i>dansk tunga</i> (<i>dǫnsk tunga</i>), "danskt mål" eller bara <i>danska</i> för att beteckna det inhemska språket. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Varianter">Varianter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Varianter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Varianter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Old_norse,_ca_900.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG/300px-Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG/450px-Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG/600px-Old_norse%2C_ca_900.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="909" /></a><figcaption> <b>Den ungefärliga utbredningen av fornnordiska under 900-talet</b><br /> <div><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#ff0000; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fornv%C3%A4stnordiska" title="Fornvästnordiska">Fornvästnordiska</a></div> <div><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#ff9933; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Forn%C3%B6stnordiska" title="Fornöstnordiska">Fornöstnordiska</a></div> <div><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#ff00ff; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Forngutniska" title="Forngutniska">Forngutniska</a> (utbredning (på Gotland)</div><b>Andra germanska språk</b><div><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#ffff00; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fornengelska" title="Fornengelska">Fornengelska</a></div> <div> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 2px 1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#00ff00; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span> </td> <td>Övriga <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stgermanska_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Västgermanska språk">västgermanska språk</a> som vid denna tid låg mycket närmare de skandinaviska språken än de gör idag (<a href="/wiki/Fornfrisiska" title="Fornfrisiska">fornfrisiska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fornsaxiska" title="Fornsaxiska">fornsaxiska</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnederl%C3%A4ndska&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fornnederländska [inte skriven än]">fornnederländska</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gtyska" title="Högtyska">fornhögtyska</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#0000ff; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Krimgotiska" title="Krimgotiska">Krimgotiska</a> (östgermanskt språk)</div> </figcaption></figure> <p>Fornnordiskan förekom i tre kända huvudvarianter: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Forngutniska" title="Forngutniska">forngutniska</a></b> på <a href="/wiki/Gotland" title="Gotland">Gotland</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fornv%C3%A4stnordiska" title="Fornvästnordiska">fornvästnordiska</a></b>, även kallat ”norrönt mål” (som helt enkelt betydde norska), i <a href="/wiki/Norge" title="Norge">Norge</a>, senare på <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">Island</a>, på <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4r%C3%B6arna" title="Färöarna">Färöarna</a> och på <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B6nland" title="Grönland">Grönland</a> i takt med att de befolkades, indelat i: <a href="/wiki/Runnorska" title="Runnorska">runnorska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fornisl%C3%A4ndska" class="mw-redirect" title="Fornisländska">fornisländska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fornf%C3%A4r%C3%B6iska" class="mw-redirect" title="Fornfäröiska">fornfäröiska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B6nl%C3%A4ndsk_nordiska" title="Grönländsk nordiska">grönländsk nordiska</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Forn%C3%B6stnordiska" title="Fornöstnordiska">fornöstnordiska</a></b> i <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">Danmark</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sverige</a>, indelad i: <a href="/wiki/Rundanska" class="mw-redirect" title="Rundanska">rundanska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Runsvenska" title="Runsvenska">runsvenska</a>, med väst-öst-blandningar i norra Sverige</li></ul> <p>Skillnaderna mellan de nordiska dialekterna var dock små under vikingatiden. Den bäst kända dialekten är fornvästnordiskan, eftersom Eddan, de <a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A4nningasagor" title="Islänningasagor">isländska sagorna</a> med mera skrevs på denna dialekt. Fornöstnordiskan hade dock flest talare och var mest utbredd. Den är främst känd genom <a href="/wiki/Runor" title="Runor">runinskrifter</a>. Forngutniskan var den minsta dialekten och finns bevarad genom runinskrifter men också genom <a href="/wiki/Gutasagan" title="Gutasagan">Gutasagan</a> och <a href="/wiki/Gutalagen" title="Gutalagen">Gutalagen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Runnordiska">Runnordiska<span id="Runnordiska"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Runnordiska" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Runnordiska"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det inhemska skriftspråket för perioden bestod av bokstäver som kallas <a href="/wiki/Runor" title="Runor">runor</a>, även om latinska bokstäver infördes som separat skriftspråk med tiden. Vid talan om det skrivna fornnordiska språket kan dito återgivet med runor särskiljas som <b>runnordiska</b>. </p><p>För särskilda regionala varianter kan det vidare uppdelas i <a href="/wiki/Rundanska" class="mw-redirect" title="Rundanska">rundanska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Runnorska" title="Runnorska">runnorska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Runsvenska" title="Runsvenska">runsvenska</a>, alternativt att prefixet ”run-” appliceras på en särskild språkbenämning, exempelvis <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%B6s%C3%B6stenen" title="Frösöstenen">runjämtska</a>, alternativt om ett helt annat språk återgivits i runform, såsom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Runlatin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Runlatin [inte skriven än]">runlatin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bakgrund">Bakgrund</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Bakgrund" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Bakgrund"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fornnordiska utvecklades från <a href="/wiki/Urnordiska" title="Urnordiska">urnordiska</a>, som är känd från äldre runinskrifter, och gav upphov till dagens <a href="/wiki/Nordgermanska_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordgermanska språk">nordgermanska språk</a>. På 700-talet hade urnordiskan som talades i <a href="/wiki/Skandinavien" title="Skandinavien">Skandinavien</a> genomgått några större förändringar och utvecklats till fornnordiska. Detta språk fortsatte att förändras under 800-talet, men förändringarna var inte likartade i hela språkområdet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utveckling_och_påverkan"><span id="Utveckling_och_p.C3.A5verkan"></span>Utveckling och påverkan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Utveckling och påverkan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Utveckling och påverkan"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Senast under 900-talet hade det splittrats upp i tre olika dialekter<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> de ovan nämnda <a href="/wiki/Fornv%C3%A4stnordiska" title="Fornvästnordiska">fornvästnordiska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forn%C3%B6stnordiska" title="Fornöstnordiska">fornöstnordiska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Forngutniska" title="Forngutniska">forngutniska</a>. Språkgränserna utgjordes av natur- och geografibarriärer där <a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekterna</a> så att säga "flöt över" i varandra eftersom inga klara gränser fanns. Av denna anledning utgör till exempel språket i östra Norge under denna tid ett slags mellanstadium mellan <a href="/wiki/Fornv%C3%A4stnordiska" title="Fornvästnordiska">fornvästnordiska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Forn%C3%B6stnordiska" title="Fornöstnordiska">fornöstnordiska</a>. </p><p>Fornnordiskan har påverkat ett flertal av de främmande språk som <a href="/wiki/Nordm%C3%A4n" title="Nordmän">nordmännen</a> kom i kontakt med. Särskilt tydligt är detta i <a href="/wiki/Engelska" title="Engelska">engelskan</a>. Många <a href="/wiki/Engelska" title="Engelska">engelska</a> dialekter, till exempel <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A5gskotska" title="Lågskotska">lågskotska</a>, innehåller en hög andel fornnordiska <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A5nord" title="Lånord">lånord</a>, och det utdöda fornvästnordiska språket <a href="/wiki/Norn_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Norn (språk)">norn</a> talades tidigare av ättlingarna till nordiska bosättare på <a href="/wiki/Orkney%C3%B6arna" title="Orkneyöarna">Orkneyöarna</a> och <a href="/wiki/Shetlands%C3%B6arna" title="Shetlandsöarna">Shetlandsöarna</a>. Även andra språk som <a href="/wiki/Ryska" title="Ryska">ryska</a> och till och med <a href="/wiki/Franska" title="Franska">franska</a> har påverkats av fornnordiskan. </p><p>Fornöstnordiska benämns ofta <i>rundanska</i> i Danmark respektive <i>runsvenska</i> i Sverige, även om dessa var i princip identiska fram till 1100-talet. Dialekterna bär denna benämning på grund av att de skrevs med <a href="/wiki/Runalfabetet" class="mw-redirect" title="Runalfabetet">runalfabetet</a>, den så kallade <a href="/wiki/Futhark" title="Futhark">futharken</a>. Till skillnad från urnordiskan, som skrevs med den äldre 24-typiga futharken, skrevs fornnordiska med den yngre futharken som endast hade 16 runor. På grund av det begränsade antalet tecken användes många runor för en rad olika <a href="/wiki/Fonem" title="Fonem">fonem</a>. Runan som betecknade <a href="/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal">vokalen</a> <i>u</i> användes också för att skriva <i>o</i>, <i>ø</i> och <i>y</i>. Runan för <i>i</i> användes även för att skriva <i>e</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senare_historia">Senare historia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Senare historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Senare historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dagens efterföljare till fornnordiska är de <a href="/wiki/%C3%96stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Östnordiska språk">östnordiska språken</a> <a href="/wiki/Svenska" title="Svenska">svenska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">danska</a>, samt <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Västnordiska språk">västnordiska språken</a> <a href="/wiki/Norska" title="Norska">norska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A4ndska" title="Isländska">isländska</a> och <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4r%C3%B6iska" title="Färöiska">färöiska</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forngutniska" title="Forngutniska">Forngutniskan</a> gick emellertid under som skriftspråk på 1500-talet, men överlevde som talspråk på den gotländska landsbygden fram till modern tid. Genom sin isolering på <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">Island</a> och <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4r%C3%B6arna" title="Färöarna">Färöarna</a> har de två språk som talas där genomgått mindre förändringar än språken på fastlandet, vilka dessutom utvecklats liknande i fråga om grammatik och vokabulär, och man talar därför ofta om en kontinental och en insulär gren (ögren) av de nordiska språken. </p><p>I artiklarna <a href="/wiki/Nordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nordiska språk">nordiska språk</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Östnordiska språk">östnordiska språk</a> och <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Västnordiska språk">västnordiska språk</a> finns mer uppgifter om de östnordiska språkens särdrag gentemot varandra och mot andra <a href="/wiki/Germanska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanska språk">germanska språk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nordiska språk">Nordiska språk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Östnordiska språk">Östnordiska språk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stnordiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Västnordiska språk">Västnordiska språk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urnordiska" title="Urnordiska">Urnordiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordiska_fornspr%C3%A5k" title="Nordiska fornspråk">Nordiska fornspråk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordm%C3%A4n" title="Nordmän">Nordmän</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fornnordiska_begrepp">Fornnordiska begrepp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Fornnordiska begrepp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Fornnordiska begrepp"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5land" class="mw-redirect" title="Blåland">Blåland</a> – Afrika</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5man" title="Blåman">Blåman</a> – mörkhyad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daner" title="Daner">Daner</a> – skandinaver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hird" title="Hird">Hird</a> – livgarde</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huskarl" class="mw-redirect" title="Huskarl">Huskarl</a> – dräng</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4r" class="mw-redirect" title="Här">Här</a> – armé</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miklag%C3%A5rd" title="Miklagård">Miklagård</a> – Konstantinopel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruser" title="Ruser">Ruser</a> – vikingar i österled</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4ringar" title="Väringar">Väringar</a> – legoknektar i väringagardet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svenska.se/saob/">”forn | SAOB | svenska.se”</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://svenska.se/saob/">https://svenska.se/saob/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 14 oktober 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=forn+%7C+SAOB+%7C+svenska.se&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsvenska.se%2Fsaob%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fornnordiska"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/svenska#spr%C3%A5khistoria">”svenska - språkhistoria”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/svenska#spr%C3%A5khistoria">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/svenska#spr%C3%A5khistoria</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 14 oktober 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=svenska+-+spr%C3%A5khistoria&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fsvenska%23spr%25C3%25A5khistoria&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fornnordiska"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="floatright metadata"> <table style="font-size: 90%; width: 22em; padding: 0; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; color: black; margin: .5em 0 .5em 1em; border-spacing: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 40px; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0.5em;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Incubator-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia Incubator"><img alt="Wikipedia Incubator" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/50px-Incubator-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/75px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/100px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia Incubator</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> har en <i><b><a href="https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/non" class="extiw" title="incubator:Wp/non">testupplaga av Wikipedia på <span style="text-transform: lowercase;">Fornnordiska</span></a></b></i>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="interProject incubator" style="display:none;"><a href="https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/non" class="extiw" title="incubator:Wp/non">Incubator</a></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heimskringla.no/wiki/Norr%C3%B8ne_kildetekster">Norröna texter och kväden</a> (på Heimskringla.no)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edd.uio.no/perl/search/search.cgi?appid=86&amp;tabid=1275">J. Fritzners norröna</a> (ordlista, samlad av <a href="/wiki/Johan_Fritzner" title="Johan Fritzner">Johan Fritzner</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://folk.uio.no/arnet">Professor Arne Torps webbplats</a> (med talad rekonstruerad urnordiska och norrönt språk – bland annat <i>Atlekvädet</i>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://germanic-studies.org/Scandinavian-loanwords-in-Old-and-Middle-English-and-their-legacy-in-the-dialects-of-England-and-modern-standard-English.htm">Scandinavian loans in Old and Middle English, and their legacy in the dialects of England and modern standard English</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidare_läsning"><span id="Vidare_l.C3.A4sning"></span>Vidare läsning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vidare läsning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fornnordiska&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vidare läsning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="" id="CITEREFArnold_Nordling1938">Arnold Nordling&#32;(1938),&#32;<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/urn:NBN:fi-fd2019-00022630">Norr&#160;: skorungr och skoru(g) / Arnold Nordling.</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Skrifter_utgivna_av_Svenska_litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet_i_Finland" title="Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland">Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland</a>, Helsingfors, <a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>&#160;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113519093" class="extiw" title="d:Q113519093">Q113519093</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0039-6842">0039-6842</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://urn.fi/urn:NBN:fi-fd2019-00022630">https://urn.fi/urn:NBN:fi-fd2019-00022630</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Norr+%3A+skorungr+och+skoru%28g%29+%2F+Arnold+Nordling.&amp;rft.aulast=Arnold+Nordling&amp;rft.au=Arnold+Nordling&amp;rft.date=1938&amp;rft.series=%5B%5BSkrifter+utgivna+av+Svenska+litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet+i+Finland%7CSkrifter+utgivna+av+Svenska+litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet+i+Finland%5D%5D&amp;rft.place=Helsingfors&amp;rft.issn=0039-6842&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Furn.fi%2Furn%3ANBN%3Afi-fd2019-00022630&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fornnordiska"><span style="display: 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title="Mall:Nordisk mytologi"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Nordisk_mytologi&amp;action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_mytologi" title="Nordisk mytologi">Nordisk mytologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fornnordisk_religion" title="Fornnordisk religion">fornnordisk religion</a> och <a href="/wiki/Asatro" title="Asatro">asatro</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Gudar_i_nordisk_mytologi" title="Kategori:Gudar i nordisk mytologi">Gudar</a>, <br /> människor, <br />och<br />varelser</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div 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title="Od">Od</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tor" title="Tor">Tor</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tyr" title="Tyr">Tyr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ull_(mytologi)" title="Ull (mytologi)">Ull</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vale" title="Vale">Vale</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ve" title="Ve">Ve</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vidar" title="Vidar">Vidar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vile" title="Vile">Vile</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Vaner" title="Vaner">Vaner</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" 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style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hlin" title="Hlin">Hlin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Lofn" title="Lofn">Lofn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Saga_(mytologi)" title="Saga (mytologi)">Saga</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6fn" title="Sjöfn">Sjöfn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Snotra" title="Snotra">Snotra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Syn_(mytologi)" title="Syn (mytologi)">Syn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6r" title="Vör">Vör</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Nornor" title="Nornor">Nornorna</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Skuld_(mytologi)" title="Skuld (mytologi)">Skuld</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Urd" title="Urd">Urd</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Verdandi_(mytologi)" title="Verdandi (mytologi)">Verdandi</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Valkyrior" class="mw-redirect" title="Valkyrior">Valkyrior</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Brynhild" title="Brynhild">Brynhild</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gunn_(valkyria)" title="Gunn (valkyria)">Gunn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a 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style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Aurboda" title="Aurboda">Aurboda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bergelmer" title="Bergelmer">Bergelmer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bauge" title="Bauge">Bauge</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bele" title="Bele">Bele</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bestla" title="Bestla">Bestla</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Byleist" title="Byleist">Byleist</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6ltorn" title="Böltorn">Böltorn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Eggter" title="Eggter">Eggter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Farbaute" title="Farbaute">Farbaute</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fenja_och_Menja" 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<a href="/wiki/Hrimgerd" title="Hrimgerd">Hrimgerd</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hymer" title="Hymer">Hymer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyrrokkin" title="Hyrrokkin">Hyrrokkin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ide_(j%C3%A4tte)" title="Ide (jätte)">Ide</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnsaxa" title="Järnsaxa">Järnsaxa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kare" title="Kare">Kare</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Laufey" title="Laufey">Laufey</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Loge_(nordisk_mytologi)" title="Loge (nordisk mytologi)">Loge</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mimer" title="Mimer">Mimer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Rungner" title="Rungner">Rungner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Rym" title="Rym">Rym</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Surt" title="Surt">Surt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Suttung" title="Suttung">Suttung</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tjatse" title="Tjatse">Tjatse</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Trivalde" title="Trivalde">Trivalde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Trudgelmer" title="Trudgelmer">Trudgelmer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Trym" title="Trym">Trym</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Utg%C3%A5rdaloke" title="Utgårdaloke">Utgårdaloke</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vavtrudner" title="Vavtrudner">Vavtrudner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ymer" title="Ymer">Ymer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%84gir" title="Ägir">Ägir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96lvalde" title="Ölvalde">Ölvalde</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Dv%C3%A4rg_(mytologi)" title="Dvärg (mytologi)">Dvärgar</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anar" title="Anar">Anar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Andvare" title="Andvare">Andvare</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Berling_(dv%C3%A4rg)" title="Berling (dvärg)">Berling</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Dvalin" title="Dvalin">Dvalin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fjalar_och_Galar" title="Fjalar och Galar">Fjalar och Galar</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ivalde" title="Ivalde">Ivalde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ivaldes%C3%B6nerna" title="Ivaldesönerna">Ivaldesönerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Lit_(mytologi)" title="Lit (mytologi)">Lit</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nordre,_Sudre,_Austre_och_Vestre" title="Nordre, Sudre, Austre och Vestre">Nordre, Sudre, Austre och Vestre</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ny_och_Nedan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ny och Nedan">Ny och Nedan</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Regin" title="Regin">Regin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Reidmar" title="Reidmar">Reidmar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sindre" title="Sindre">Sindre</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Andra gudomar</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Andrimner" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrimner">Andrimner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bejla" title="Bejla">Bejla</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Billing_(mytologi)" title="Billing (mytologi)">Billing</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bor_(mytologi)" title="Bor (mytologi)">Bor</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bure_(nordisk_mytologi)" title="Bure (nordisk mytologi)">Bure</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Byggvir" title="Byggvir">Byggvir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Eldir" title="Eldir">Eldir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Fimafeng" class="mw-redirect" title="Fimafeng">Fimafeng</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gersimi" title="Gersimi">Gersimi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hel_(gudinna)" title="Hel (gudinna)">Hel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hjuke_och_Bil" title="Hjuke och Bil">Hjuke och Bil</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hnoss" title="Hnoss">Hnoss</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ilm_(mytologi)" title="Ilm (mytologi)">Ilm</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5ne_(mytologi)" title="Måne (mytologi)">Måne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nep_(mytologi)" title="Nep (mytologi)">Nep</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ran" title="Ran">Ran</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sol_(mytologi)" title="Sol (mytologi)">Sol</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Skirner" title="Skirner">Skirner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Svasud" title="Svasud">Svasud</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Torgerd_och_Irpa" title="Torgerd och Irpa">Torgerd och Irpa</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vale_och_Narfe" title="Vale och Narfe">Vale och Narfe</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vindsval" title="Vindsval">Vindsval</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Människor</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ask_och_Embla" title="Ask och Embla">Ask och Embla</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Asl%C3%B6g" title="Aslög">Aslög</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Aurvandil" title="Aurvandil">Aurvandil</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Groa" title="Groa">Groa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liv_och_Livtrasir" title="Liv och Livtrasir">Liv och Livtrasir</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6skva" title="Röskva">Röskva</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sigurd_Fafnesbane" title="Sigurd Fafnesbane">Sigurd Fafnesbane</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Starkad_(fornnordisk_sagohj%C3%A4lte)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starkad (fornnordisk sagohjälte)">Starkad</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tjalve" title="Tjalve">Tjalve</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vidfinn" title="Vidfinn">Vidfinn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lund" title="Völund">Völund</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Djur och<br />monster</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Are" title="Are">Are</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arvaker_och_Allsvinn" title="Arvaker och Allsvinn">Arvaker och Allsvinn</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Audhumbla" title="Audhumbla">Audhumbla</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Blodighov" title="Blodighov">Blodighov</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dain,_Dvalin,_Duneyr_och_Duratror" title="Dain, Dvalin, Duneyr och Duratror">Dain, Dvalin, Duneyr och Duratror</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Eiktyrner" title="Eiktyrner">Eiktyrner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Fafner" title="Fafner">Fafner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Fenrisulven" title="Fenrisulven">Fenrisulven</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Garm_(mytologi)" title="Garm (mytologi)">Garm</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gere_och_Freke" title="Gere och Freke">Gere och Freke</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Grane" title="Grane">Grane</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gullinkambe" title="Gullinkambe">Gullinkamben</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gulltopp" title="Gulltopp">Gulltopp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gyllenborste" title="Gyllenborste">Gyllenborste</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hate" title="Hate">Hate</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Heidrun" title="Heidrun">Heidrun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hildisvin" title="Hildisvin">Hildisvin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Himinhrj%C3%B3%C3%B0r" title="Himinhrjóðr">Himinhrjóðr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Hovvarpner" title="Hovvarpner">Hovvarpne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugin_och_Munin" title="Hugin och Munin">Hugin och Munin</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Midg%C3%A5rdsormen" title="Midgårdsormen">Midgårdsormen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5negarm" title="Månegarm">Månegarm</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nidh%C3%B6gg" title="Nidhögg">Nidhögg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ratatosk" title="Ratatosk">Ratatosk</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4svelg" title="Räsvelg">Räsvelg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Skinfaxe" title="Skinfaxe">Skinfaxe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Skoll" title="Skoll">Skoll</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sleipner" title="Sleipner">Sleipner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rimner" title="Särimner">Särimner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tanngnjost_och_Tanngrisner" title="Tanngnjost och Tanngrisner">Tanngnjost och Tanngrisner</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4derf%C3%B6lne" title="Väderfölne">Väderfölne</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Andra varelser</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Diser" title="Diser">Diser</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Enh%C3%A4rjar" title="Enhärjar">Enhärjar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Alver" title="Alver">Ljusalver</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Svartalv" title="Svartalv">Svartalver</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="15"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Thor%27s_hammer,_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tors hammare, Mjölner"><img alt="Tors hammare, Mjölner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg/80px-Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg/120px-Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg/160px-Thor%27s_hammer%2C_Sk%C3%A5ne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="408" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Platser_i_nordisk_mytologi" title="Kategori:Platser i nordisk mytologi">Platser</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Nio världarna</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Alfheim" title="Alfheim">Alfheim</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Godheim" title="Godheim">Godheim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asg%C3%A5rd" title="Asgård">Asgård</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Helheim" title="Helheim">Helheim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eljudne" title="Eljudne">Eljudne</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Jotunheim" title="Jotunheim">Jotunheim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Utg%C3%A5rd_(mytologi)" title="Utgård (mytologi)">Utgård</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Muspelhem" title="Muspelhem">Muspelhem</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Midg%C3%A5rd" title="Midgård">Mannheim (Midgård)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· 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href="/wiki/Folkvang" title="Folkvang">Folkvang</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Glitne" title="Glitne">Glitne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Himinbj%C3%B6rg" title="Himinbjörg">Himinbjörg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Noatun_(mytologi)" title="Noatun (mytologi)">Noatun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sessrumne" title="Sessrumne">Sessrumne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6kkvab%C3%A4ck" title="Sökkvabäck">Sökkvabäck</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Valaskjalf" title="Valaskjalf">Valaskjalf</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Valhall" title="Valhall">Valhall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gladsheim" title="Gladsheim">Gladsheim</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vide_(nordisk_mytologi)" title="Vide (nordisk 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title="Ifing">Ifing</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kerlaugar" title="Kerlaugar">Kerlaugar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Leipt" title="Leipt">Leipt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Slid_(mytologi)" title="Slid (mytologi)">Slid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vadgelmer" title="Vadgelmer">Vadgelmer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vimur" title="Vimur">Vimur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5n_(mytologi)" title="Vån (mytologi)">Vån</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> Yggdrasils källor (<a href="/wiki/Mimers_brunn" title="Mimers brunn">Mimers brunn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Urdarbrunnen" title="Urdarbrunnen">Urdarbrunnen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vergelmer" 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title="Vigrid">Vigrid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Trudvang" title="Trudvang">Trudvang</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Andra</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #DDD;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Barr%C3%B6" title="Barrö">Barrö</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bifrost" title="Bifrost">Bifrost</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gimle" title="Gimle">Gimle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ginnungagap" title="Ginnungagap">Ginnungagap</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gjallarbron" title="Gjallarbron">Gjallarbron</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a 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class="mw-redirect" title="Eldrimner">Eldrimner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gjallarhornet" title="Gjallarhornet">Gjallarhornet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gleipner" title="Gleipner">Gleipner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gram_(mytologi)" title="Gram (mytologi)">Gram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%AD%C3%B0arv%C3%B6lr" title="Gríðarvölr">Gríðarvölr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Grotte" title="Grotte">Grotte</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gungner" title="Gungner">Gungner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1rngreipr" title="Járngreipr">Járngreipr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A6vateinn" title="Lævateinn">Lävaten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Megingjord" title="Megingjord">Megingjord</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mistelten" title="Mistelten">Mistelten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lner" title="Mjölner">Mjölner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nagelfar" title="Nagelfar">Nagelfar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Odr%C3%B6rer" title="Odrörer">Odrörer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Rate_(nordisk_mytologi)" title="Rate (nordisk mytologi)">Rate</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ringhorne" title="Ringhorne">Ringhorne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Skidbladner" title="Skidbladner">Skidbladner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Suttungamj%C3%B6det" title="Suttungamjödet">Suttungamjödet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Svalin" title="Svalin">Svalin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tyrfing" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrfing">Tyrfing</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vafrlogi" title="Vafrlogi">Vafrlogi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Valgrind_(mytologi)" title="Valgrind (mytologi)">Valgrind</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Händelser</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hjadningakampen" title="Hjadningakampen">Hjadningakampen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldens_skapelse_i_nordisk_mytologi" title="Världens skapelse i nordisk mytologi">Världens skapelse</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Vanakriget" title="Vanakriget">Vanakriget‎</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Fimbulvinter" title="Fimbulvinter">Fimbulvinter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Skriftliga_k%C3%A4llor_fr%C3%A5n_vikingatiden_om_Norden" title="Skriftliga källor från vikingatiden om Norden">Källor</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Danorum" title="Gesta Danorum">Gesta Danorum</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Poetiska_Eddan" title="Poetiska Eddan">Poetiska Eddan</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Snorres_Edda" title="Snorres Edda">Snorres Edda</a></i><span 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solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Germansk_religion" title="Germansk religion">Germansk religion</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Urindoeurop%C3%A9er#Andlig_kultur" title="Urindoeuropéer">Urindoeuropeernas religion</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Se även</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;border-bottom:1px dotted #CCC;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fornnordisk_tid" class="mw-redirect" title="Fornnordisk tid">Fornnordisk tid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_kristnande" title="Sveriges kristnande">Sveriges kristnande</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nordisk_folktro" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordisk 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