CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Henryk Bartoszewicz - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="KGbf8VEQMsbIdNUpkn2b_QippCIWLl_CsGTYMdc1OG9hs2Ba7bgsv1cZjs4zBUyUa8s135TkqN21j6uXOWKk_A" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-3d36c19b4875b226bfed0fcba1dcea3f2fe61148383d97c0465c016b8c969290.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-79e78ce59bef0a338eb6540ec3d93b4a7952115b56c57f1760943128f4544d42.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-bfbac2a470372e2f3a6661a65fa7ff0a0fbf7aa32534d9a831d683d2a6f9e01b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="author" content="henryk bartoszewicz" /> <meta name="description" content="Henryk Bartoszewicz: 3 Followers, 4 Following, 4 Research papers." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '76fc599fe9ec1fff2969df94a387714e0e55b182'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14023,"monthly_visitors":"31 million","monthly_visitor_count":31300000,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":31,"user_count":283379407,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740160499000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740160499000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-1eb081e01ca8bc0c1b1d866df79d9eb4dd2c484e4beecf76e79a7806c72fee08.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-b42d48e01e9cb3bf5ae55ea154ab7133fe47240c1d7c59b0249065c67d6f65ab.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-f3fdf92d2e211a3fd7a717a75adb7bf4af30f5d7651964d9f223129f218112cd.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-fd736d66704990dee9f52cdbd5e7b1c7d1b031c0bb5a20dd676d1a6b7d5fea79.js" defer="defer"></script><script>$viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz","location":"/HBartoszewicz","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/HBartoszewicz","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-45e3b040-d6eb-41a0-bc18-75d2093b6e3d"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-45e3b040-d6eb-41a0-bc18-75d2093b6e3d"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Henryk Bartoszewicz</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Henryk" data-follow-user-id="256344127" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="256344127"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">3</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">4</p></div></a><div class="js-mentions-count-container" style="display: none;"><a href="/HBartoszewicz/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data"></p></div></a></div><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://amu.academia.edu/JMalinowski"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://amu.academia.edu/JMalinowski">J贸zef Malinowski</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna艅</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DariuszGrzegorzMatelski"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Dariusz Grzegorz Matelski" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/95961611/22420620/21627013/s200_dariusz_grzegorz.matelski.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DariuszGrzegorzMatelski">Dariusz Grzegorz Matelski</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/TadeuszEpsztein"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Tadeusz Epsztein" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/144103644/42197278/140292169/s200_tadeusz.epsztein.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TadeuszEpsztein">Tadeusz Epsztein</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://umcs-pl.academia.edu/ZbigniewOsi%C5%84ski"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Zbigniew Osi艅ski" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/186504700/68071967/56447914/s200_zbigniew.osi_ski.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://umcs-pl.academia.edu/ZbigniewOsi%C5%84ski">Zbigniew Osi艅ski</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Maria Curie - Sk艂odowska University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://ihpan.academia.edu/Aleksander%C5%81aniewski"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://ihpan.academia.edu/Aleksander%C5%81aniewski">Aleksander 艁aniewski</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Instytut Historii PAN, Warsaw</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrachaKrzysztof"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrachaKrzysztof">Krzysztof Bracha</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://uw.academia.edu/KrzysztofFudalej"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Krzysztof Fudalej" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2168120/11801258/13154380/s200_krzysztof.fudalej.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://uw.academia.edu/KrzysztofFudalej">Krzysztof Fudalej</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Warsaw</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/WojciechIwa%C5%84czak"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WojciechIwa%C5%84czak">Wojciech Iwa艅czak</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/krochmaljacek"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/krochmaljacek">Jacek Krochmal</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KAWALECAGNIESZKA"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="AGNIESZKA KAWALEC" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/142589645/57701305/45922665/s200_agnieszka.kawalec.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KAWALECAGNIESZKA">AGNIESZKA KAWALEC</a></div></div></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Henryk Bartoszewicz</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="107149676"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921726/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam">Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Studia Z Dziejow Rosji I Europy 艢rodkowo Wschodniej</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">W dniu 10 grudnia 2003 r. w wieku 96 lat zmar艂 w Poznaniu jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich hist...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">W dniu 10 grudnia 2003 r. w wieku 96 lat zmar艂 w Poznaniu jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich historyk贸w, znakomity znawca nowo偶ytnej historii Polski i powszechnej, prof. Janusz Pajewski. Uroczysto艣ci 偶a艂obne odby艂y si臋 16 grudnia, rozpocz臋te msz膮艣wi臋t膮 w ko艣ciele oo. Dominikan贸w, kt贸r膮 odprawi艂 metropolita pozna艅ski abp Stanis艂aw G膮decki. Pod czas mszy odczytano list Jego 艢wi膮tobliwo艣ci papie偶a Jana Paw艂a II, w kt贸rym przypo mniano zas艂ugi zmar艂ego w dziedzinie heurystyki historycznej oraz to, i偶 by艂 wyr贸偶nio ny Krzy偶em Komandorskim Orderu 艢w. Sylwestra Papie偶a. Senat 偶a艂obny Uniwersytetu im. Adama M ickiewicza zebra艂 si臋 o godz. 11 w w e stybulu Auli UAM pod przewodnictwem JM Rektora prof. Stanis艂awa Lorenca, kt贸ry podkre艣li艂 wielki wk艂ad zmar艂ego w 偶ycie akademickie Poznania po II wojnie 艣wiato wej, a zw艂aszcza fakt, i偶 intuicji Profesora zawdzi臋cza pozna艅ska Alma M ater otrzym a nie w 1955 r. jako patrona Adama M ickiewicza, a nie Juliana Marchlewskiego. Drog臋偶yciow膮 zmar艂ego przypomnia艂a dziekan Wydzia艂u Historycznego UAM prof.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d0694838a68db5d639dad143cbfcfa5a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":105921726,"asset_id":107149676,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921726/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="107149676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="107149676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107149676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107149676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107149676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107149676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='107149676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d0694838a68db5d639dad143cbfcfa5a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=107149676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":107149676,"title":"Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":105921726,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921726/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921726/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Studia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/105921726/WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam-libre.pdf?1695627074=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=SYQn7cKS9cOTRRdcuAusWJJWEz-o99YMP1BfLv5Ro-TS3ZnwZiysEW7L6-n5YlztUcWHvM1BWbCNuSEVZg2jZ5zMTQHC3622sHG~sLPZ9e58c-uWAaLa0t3~oGsotYuF8ZIlLwnFhjuC9BUawlUYeRY9OPf6N4Pa7HPaIbcH~9gooyYaYqFaRmC3eOfm02b6w7TGxLTkyzI3qxePd0qHlzPYUxJLsP~HLM~HkY~XTexDiVY6bECwrrmsdkh6KdXX~fdHe4cbBnchNE-bIGoIvJN9c8HmA2NF022xp1bvYs9giBSQwLaQoFIUgZnSb6dquEhh~nrGbAVuOSg82O~cbA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":105921727,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921727/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921727/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Studia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/105921727/WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam-libre.pdf?1695627103=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=bLsbwtBr~aCeQONINTf6AUqTlP7YkBLqvs0DFbfI6WckA1tGCS4egcq29zhYXIavm-SyZwOHNue1WtDDLd5a48T8CdVwoSpeqiRndON8BcU-wiht5GT-SChhs5BsdYtwP-quJ8JSciB-grDuzbiyLDYDn7Oj8C8prR31IezyHuMN7q51G8Vx1Y6~MWKubjpifz6JnE68~bwLZEp6VxbBaxxMiU-5EFj1bQb~uwcw0il8CcYLGi1dGY6jAaPApLaO1FUjESDF55NGj~c~JHFWYY2mNuttYk09iZPBa4ArKBalk28v3p~uAMik09Ns8v~n57zNsBFsKUfsh6SRei5fhQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="103668850"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103615389/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej">Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dzieje Najnowsze</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">W okresie dzia艂alno艣ci Rady Regencyjnej i jej gabinet贸w zbudowano podwaliny polskiej dyplomacji i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">W okresie dzia艂alno艣ci Rady Regencyjnej i jej gabinet贸w zbudowano podwaliny polskiej dyplomacji i prowadzono polityk臋 zagraniczn膮 Kr贸lestwa Polskiego pomimo ogranicze艅 wynikaj膮cych z postanowie艅 patentu z 12 IX 1917 r. Przej臋to plac贸wki zagraniczne Naczelnego Komitetu Narodowego i powo艂ano przedstawicielstwa Rady Regencyjnej w Moskwie, Kijowie i Helsinkach. Starano si臋 wypracowa膰 koncepcj臋 polityki wschodniej, koncentruj膮c uwag臋 przede wszystkim na kwestii przysz艂ej granicy wschodniej pa艅stwa polskiego. Przygotowywano kadry s艂u偶by dyplomatycznej Polski niepodleg艂ej.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9837dbfce192b5d41e6fe99e8eecc372" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103615389,"asset_id":103668850,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103615389/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="103668850"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="103668850"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103668850; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103668850]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103668850]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103668850; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='103668850']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9837dbfce192b5d41e6fe99e8eecc372" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=103668850]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":103668850,"title":"Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":103615389,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103615389/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"14555.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103615389/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Kierunek_wschodni_aktywnosci_dyplomatycz.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/103615389/14555-libre.pdf?1687365430=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DKierunek_wschodni_aktywnosci_dyplomatycz.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=gsm7ZyDGR0ks93YdkYJ122tawgnwJB~Huzl-2eVKbso0QyMA1UT3x27pJgn2Jdw49-Y434AUqNZdx4miQRQmzUHXzfw-hkYpCUtpCVYM0Kpv~qhO2-DTSw9OG8ybsfFJyTjaFFMVF5-RJY5h5ePao5vClhd7vdxG7otedez6pk19gqqy6W9WR4sv73w6sHGa6WWQewO9nrglSzJgXKgDij4lIhXZhw1EIjqj0ZB0HrxQLlkP6OBDIIzQQVrfYogLlgcEhWMKQv0YrhIgHW8XqJVvNkSkrFtePwJ-DQzDjCCvCAM9g5oiS5pMYddrIgYzH0ZckVLGeeVYtWDyV6SEEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99508210"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100577974/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dzieje Najnowsze</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci Opracowania i memoria艂y Romana Knolla dotycz膮...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci Opracowania i memoria艂y Romana Knolla dotycz膮ce spraw mi臋dzynarodowych, polskiej polityki zagranicznej i problem贸w narodowo艣ciowych, sporz膮dzone mi臋dzy marcem 1939 r. a kwietniem 1944 r., wywo艂ywa艂y wiele emocji u wsp贸艂czesnych ich autorowi, nie s膮 te偶 oboj臋tne badaczom dziej贸w XX w. O ile przedmiotem zainteresowania polityk贸w u schy艂ku II Rzeczypospolitej i w okresie drugiej wojny 艣wiatowej by艂y g艂贸wnie pogl膮dy Knolla w kwestii polityki zagranicznej, o tyle historycy cz臋艣ciej odnosz膮 si臋 do poruszanej przez niego problematyki narodowo艣ciowej. S膮dz臋, 偶e warto spojrze膰 na ca艂o艣膰 pogl膮d贸w i ocen, jakie w贸wczas formu艂owa艂 ten polityk i dyplomata. Przed przyst膮pieniem do analizy opracowa艅 i memoria艂贸w Knolla warto przedstawi膰 sylwetk臋 ich autora. Dominik W臋gierski w Przedmowie do broszury napisanej przez Romana Knolla w okupowanym kraju i opublikowanej w 1941 r. w Londynie pod pseudonimem Lucjan Bielski, zatytu艂owanej G艂os z kraju czyli uwagi Polaka o ustroju przysz艂ej Europy, trafnie pisa艂 o nim: "Przed wojn膮 w Polsce znano autora i ceniono go zar贸wno dla jego wysokiej inteligencji jak fachowej wiedzy. Mia艂 wp艂yw na ludzi i liczono si臋 z jego zdaniem. Do艣wiadczony polityk, wybitny znawca administracji pa艅stwowej i samorz膮dowej, spostrzeg艂 wcze艣nie kierunek polityki europejskiej i zgubn膮 drog臋, po kt贸rej si臋 posuwa艂a. Widzia艂 szalbierstwa Niemiec, g艂upot臋 Ligi Narod贸w, dojrza艂 chytr膮 postaw臋 Rosji. Spostrzeg艂 za艣lepienie, pych臋, blag臋, kt贸re i w naszym 偶yciu wraz z brakiem smaku, kultury i moralno艣ci, niestety, zacz臋艂y bra膰 g贸r臋" 1. T臋 charakterystyk臋 autora G艂osu z kraju nale偶y uzupe艂ni膰 przynajmniej podstawowymi faktami z jego biografii politycznej. Roman Knoll by艂 politykiem i dyplomat膮 o du偶ej aktywno艣ci i szerokich zainteresowaniach mi臋dzynarodowych, nie lekcewa偶y艂 te偶 problem贸w wewn臋trznych Rzeczypospolitej. Od lat szkolnych nale偶a艂 do kijowskich organizacji, kt贸rych dzia艂alno艣膰 by艂a skierowana przeciwko rosyjskiemu zaborcy. W ruchu niepodleg艂o艣ciowym dzia艂a艂 tak偶e w okresie studi贸w. Wzrost jego aktywno艣ci politycznej nast膮pi艂 w okresie pierwszej wojny 艣wiatowej, zw艂aszcza w jej ko艅cowej fazie, po obaleniu caratu w Rosji.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7993d39bddf244e39e266d1e9ff3493e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100577974,"asset_id":99508210,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100577974/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99508210"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99508210"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99508210; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99508210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99508210]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99508210; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99508210']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7993d39bddf244e39e266d1e9ff3493e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99508210]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99508210,"title":"Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":100577974,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100577974/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11301.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100577974/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Romana_Knolla_oceny_przeszlosci_i_wizje.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100577974/11301-libre.pdf?1680445364=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRomana_Knolla_oceny_przeszlosci_i_wizje.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=SYRjz7Ae0gt1Z4FXdNq7pv4C-R9LDLwS6GqEieu-zBtvMkTm-cujQsgiJOFx8kdyXYEpK~wHa5p0byW83WZUGYL86GGMhaWlaMkGnexUKx-JVIqf7zvab4sMkQDmFXvyJhtr4BMpKe88DVQ45mP8cqKc8ALsF78F0yKPr1pBa8GVLeiLgkmy3vGf~jGuNBeHbqY7I4t6dwoG6VO183lwPTD6J9aO7f8sa~UWPCMFuAXDhh8n63m4pULZRXF415jR-6M24rxuU8EOhd4zB~WeWaFAxmry2RFBBJRamwpibDm9tNDPFhHa1~2bMxntObs2KI8AiG9wveYFANkVu6wbbw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96410676"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98316465/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w">Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Przegl膮d Historyczny, t. 113</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8ee49be911bcd0a6844fdc387eb8d980" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98316465,"asset_id":96410676,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98316465/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96410676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96410676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96410676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96410676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96410676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96410676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96410676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8ee49be911bcd0a6844fdc387eb8d980" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96410676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96410676,"title":"Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":98316465,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98316465/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ph_3_bartoszewicz_artyku艂_recenzyjny.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98316465/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_k.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98316465/ph_3_bartoszewicz_artyku%C5%82_recenzyjny-libre.pdf?1675697146=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWarszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_k.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=BQpX~3YJE31yJhJs5xgRqQwLEjAnmbSezPaHNGBx44DGtPOSezfBFfhV80aJYwJqtq~KZR0BbsUTxwHbfbi87MJt7GXVAFK2DHMz34V7CYMGziDiboEKun8uV21~kFn7YhPQ7j7XbLGkn6vecUM6-qhPElp0pXUNCubxpKKO3Z82cwVU7sawnnvbZpuO1UtAi1PuqBPJF0R6YfnmnhcJZaTuc6lDyaNqQ1ilB5hh2kkTgo2qugJRS7A5Q22dNtsKP9Nv7mCbZLG3XK~qKKyz3LLrlcplutxJIMDvFZaVt~eJXNDj1rM6uIox2N~oE9UwFarHE7VbZ1SIxoi1etrzcA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="17059788" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="107149676"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921726/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam">Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Studia Z Dziejow Rosji I Europy 艢rodkowo Wschodniej</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">W dniu 10 grudnia 2003 r. w wieku 96 lat zmar艂 w Poznaniu jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich hist...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">W dniu 10 grudnia 2003 r. w wieku 96 lat zmar艂 w Poznaniu jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich historyk贸w, znakomity znawca nowo偶ytnej historii Polski i powszechnej, prof. Janusz Pajewski. Uroczysto艣ci 偶a艂obne odby艂y si臋 16 grudnia, rozpocz臋te msz膮艣wi臋t膮 w ko艣ciele oo. Dominikan贸w, kt贸r膮 odprawi艂 metropolita pozna艅ski abp Stanis艂aw G膮decki. Pod czas mszy odczytano list Jego 艢wi膮tobliwo艣ci papie偶a Jana Paw艂a II, w kt贸rym przypo mniano zas艂ugi zmar艂ego w dziedzinie heurystyki historycznej oraz to, i偶 by艂 wyr贸偶nio ny Krzy偶em Komandorskim Orderu 艢w. Sylwestra Papie偶a. Senat 偶a艂obny Uniwersytetu im. Adama M ickiewicza zebra艂 si臋 o godz. 11 w w e stybulu Auli UAM pod przewodnictwem JM Rektora prof. Stanis艂awa Lorenca, kt贸ry podkre艣li艂 wielki wk艂ad zmar艂ego w 偶ycie akademickie Poznania po II wojnie 艣wiato wej, a zw艂aszcza fakt, i偶 intuicji Profesora zawdzi臋cza pozna艅ska Alma M ater otrzym a nie w 1955 r. jako patrona Adama M ickiewicza, a nie Juliana Marchlewskiego. Drog臋偶yciow膮 zmar艂ego przypomnia艂a dziekan Wydzia艂u Historycznego UAM prof.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d0694838a68db5d639dad143cbfcfa5a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":105921726,"asset_id":107149676,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921726/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="107149676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="107149676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107149676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107149676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107149676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107149676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='107149676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d0694838a68db5d639dad143cbfcfa5a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=107149676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":107149676,"title":"Studia z Dziej贸w Rosji i Europy 艢rodkowo-Wschodniej. T. 40 (2005), In memoriam","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107149676/Studia_z_Dziej%C3%B3w_Rosji_i_Europy_%C5%9Arodkowo_Wschodniej_T_40_2005_In_memoriam","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":105921726,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921726/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921726/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Studia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/105921726/WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam-libre.pdf?1695627074=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=SYQn7cKS9cOTRRdcuAusWJJWEz-o99YMP1BfLv5Ro-TS3ZnwZiysEW7L6-n5YlztUcWHvM1BWbCNuSEVZg2jZ5zMTQHC3622sHG~sLPZ9e58c-uWAaLa0t3~oGsotYuF8ZIlLwnFhjuC9BUawlUYeRY9OPf6N4Pa7HPaIbcH~9gooyYaYqFaRmC3eOfm02b6w7TGxLTkyzI3qxePd0qHlzPYUxJLsP~HLM~HkY~XTexDiVY6bECwrrmsdkh6KdXX~fdHe4cbBnchNE-bIGoIvJN9c8HmA2NF022xp1bvYs9giBSQwLaQoFIUgZnSb6dquEhh~nrGbAVuOSg82O~cbA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":105921727,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105921727/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105921727/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Studia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/105921727/WA303_59099_A453-SzDR-R-40_in-memoriam-libre.pdf?1695627103=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudia_z_Dziejow_Rosji_i_Europy_Srodkowo.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=bLsbwtBr~aCeQONINTf6AUqTlP7YkBLqvs0DFbfI6WckA1tGCS4egcq29zhYXIavm-SyZwOHNue1WtDDLd5a48T8CdVwoSpeqiRndON8BcU-wiht5GT-SChhs5BsdYtwP-quJ8JSciB-grDuzbiyLDYDn7Oj8C8prR31IezyHuMN7q51G8Vx1Y6~MWKubjpifz6JnE68~bwLZEp6VxbBaxxMiU-5EFj1bQb~uwcw0il8CcYLGi1dGY6jAaPApLaO1FUjESDF55NGj~c~JHFWYY2mNuttYk09iZPBa4ArKBalk28v3p~uAMik09Ns8v~n57zNsBFsKUfsh6SRei5fhQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="103668850"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103615389/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej">Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dzieje Najnowsze</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">W okresie dzia艂alno艣ci Rady Regencyjnej i jej gabinet贸w zbudowano podwaliny polskiej dyplomacji i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">W okresie dzia艂alno艣ci Rady Regencyjnej i jej gabinet贸w zbudowano podwaliny polskiej dyplomacji i prowadzono polityk臋 zagraniczn膮 Kr贸lestwa Polskiego pomimo ogranicze艅 wynikaj膮cych z postanowie艅 patentu z 12 IX 1917 r. Przej臋to plac贸wki zagraniczne Naczelnego Komitetu Narodowego i powo艂ano przedstawicielstwa Rady Regencyjnej w Moskwie, Kijowie i Helsinkach. Starano si臋 wypracowa膰 koncepcj臋 polityki wschodniej, koncentruj膮c uwag臋 przede wszystkim na kwestii przysz艂ej granicy wschodniej pa艅stwa polskiego. Przygotowywano kadry s艂u偶by dyplomatycznej Polski niepodleg艂ej.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9837dbfce192b5d41e6fe99e8eecc372" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103615389,"asset_id":103668850,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103615389/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="103668850"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="103668850"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103668850; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103668850]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103668850]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103668850; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='103668850']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9837dbfce192b5d41e6fe99e8eecc372" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=103668850]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":103668850,"title":"Kierunek wschodni aktywno艣ci dyplomatycznej Rady Regencyjnej","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103668850/Kierunek_wschodni_aktywno%C5%9Bci_dyplomatycznej_Rady_Regencyjnej","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":103615389,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103615389/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"14555.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103615389/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Kierunek_wschodni_aktywnosci_dyplomatycz.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/103615389/14555-libre.pdf?1687365430=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DKierunek_wschodni_aktywnosci_dyplomatycz.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=gsm7ZyDGR0ks93YdkYJ122tawgnwJB~Huzl-2eVKbso0QyMA1UT3x27pJgn2Jdw49-Y434AUqNZdx4miQRQmzUHXzfw-hkYpCUtpCVYM0Kpv~qhO2-DTSw9OG8ybsfFJyTjaFFMVF5-RJY5h5ePao5vClhd7vdxG7otedez6pk19gqqy6W9WR4sv73w6sHGa6WWQewO9nrglSzJgXKgDij4lIhXZhw1EIjqj0ZB0HrxQLlkP6OBDIIzQQVrfYogLlgcEhWMKQv0YrhIgHW8XqJVvNkSkrFtePwJ-DQzDjCCvCAM9g5oiS5pMYddrIgYzH0ZckVLGeeVYtWDyV6SEEg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99508210"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100577974/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dzieje Najnowsze</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci Opracowania i memoria艂y Romana Knolla dotycz膮...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci Opracowania i memoria艂y Romana Knolla dotycz膮ce spraw mi臋dzynarodowych, polskiej polityki zagranicznej i problem贸w narodowo艣ciowych, sporz膮dzone mi臋dzy marcem 1939 r. a kwietniem 1944 r., wywo艂ywa艂y wiele emocji u wsp贸艂czesnych ich autorowi, nie s膮 te偶 oboj臋tne badaczom dziej贸w XX w. O ile przedmiotem zainteresowania polityk贸w u schy艂ku II Rzeczypospolitej i w okresie drugiej wojny 艣wiatowej by艂y g艂贸wnie pogl膮dy Knolla w kwestii polityki zagranicznej, o tyle historycy cz臋艣ciej odnosz膮 si臋 do poruszanej przez niego problematyki narodowo艣ciowej. S膮dz臋, 偶e warto spojrze膰 na ca艂o艣膰 pogl膮d贸w i ocen, jakie w贸wczas formu艂owa艂 ten polityk i dyplomata. Przed przyst膮pieniem do analizy opracowa艅 i memoria艂贸w Knolla warto przedstawi膰 sylwetk臋 ich autora. Dominik W臋gierski w Przedmowie do broszury napisanej przez Romana Knolla w okupowanym kraju i opublikowanej w 1941 r. w Londynie pod pseudonimem Lucjan Bielski, zatytu艂owanej G艂os z kraju czyli uwagi Polaka o ustroju przysz艂ej Europy, trafnie pisa艂 o nim: "Przed wojn膮 w Polsce znano autora i ceniono go zar贸wno dla jego wysokiej inteligencji jak fachowej wiedzy. Mia艂 wp艂yw na ludzi i liczono si臋 z jego zdaniem. Do艣wiadczony polityk, wybitny znawca administracji pa艅stwowej i samorz膮dowej, spostrzeg艂 wcze艣nie kierunek polityki europejskiej i zgubn膮 drog臋, po kt贸rej si臋 posuwa艂a. Widzia艂 szalbierstwa Niemiec, g艂upot臋 Ligi Narod贸w, dojrza艂 chytr膮 postaw臋 Rosji. Spostrzeg艂 za艣lepienie, pych臋, blag臋, kt贸re i w naszym 偶yciu wraz z brakiem smaku, kultury i moralno艣ci, niestety, zacz臋艂y bra膰 g贸r臋" 1. T臋 charakterystyk臋 autora G艂osu z kraju nale偶y uzupe艂ni膰 przynajmniej podstawowymi faktami z jego biografii politycznej. Roman Knoll by艂 politykiem i dyplomat膮 o du偶ej aktywno艣ci i szerokich zainteresowaniach mi臋dzynarodowych, nie lekcewa偶y艂 te偶 problem贸w wewn臋trznych Rzeczypospolitej. Od lat szkolnych nale偶a艂 do kijowskich organizacji, kt贸rych dzia艂alno艣膰 by艂a skierowana przeciwko rosyjskiemu zaborcy. W ruchu niepodleg艂o艣ciowym dzia艂a艂 tak偶e w okresie studi贸w. Wzrost jego aktywno艣ci politycznej nast膮pi艂 w okresie pierwszej wojny 艣wiatowej, zw艂aszcza w jej ko艅cowej fazie, po obaleniu caratu w Rosji.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7993d39bddf244e39e266d1e9ff3493e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100577974,"asset_id":99508210,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100577974/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99508210"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99508210"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99508210; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99508210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99508210]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99508210; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99508210']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7993d39bddf244e39e266d1e9ff3493e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99508210]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99508210,"title":"Romana Knolla oceny przesz艂o艣ci i wizje przysz艂o艣ci","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99508210/Romana_Knolla_oceny_przesz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_i_wizje_przysz%C5%82o%C5%9Bci","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":100577974,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100577974/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11301.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100577974/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Romana_Knolla_oceny_przeszlosci_i_wizje.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100577974/11301-libre.pdf?1680445364=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRomana_Knolla_oceny_przeszlosci_i_wizje.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=SYRjz7Ae0gt1Z4FXdNq7pv4C-R9LDLwS6GqEieu-zBtvMkTm-cujQsgiJOFx8kdyXYEpK~wHa5p0byW83WZUGYL86GGMhaWlaMkGnexUKx-JVIqf7zvab4sMkQDmFXvyJhtr4BMpKe88DVQ45mP8cqKc8ALsF78F0yKPr1pBa8GVLeiLgkmy3vGf~jGuNBeHbqY7I4t6dwoG6VO183lwPTD6J9aO7f8sa~UWPCMFuAXDhh8n63m4pULZRXF415jR-6M24rxuU8EOhd4zB~WeWaFAxmry2RFBBJRamwpibDm9tNDPFhHa1~2bMxntObs2KI8AiG9wveYFANkVu6wbbw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96410676"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98316465/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w">Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Przegl膮d Historyczny, t. 113</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8ee49be911bcd0a6844fdc387eb8d980" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98316465,"asset_id":96410676,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98316465/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96410676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96410676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96410676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96410676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96410676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96410676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96410676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8ee49be911bcd0a6844fdc387eb8d980" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96410676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96410676,"title":"Warszawa -Konstantynopol -Ankara. Turecki kierunek aktywno艣ci prometejskiej dyplomacji polskiej (na marginesie ksi膮偶ki: Iurii Chainskyi, Walka za kulisami dyplomacji mi臋dzywojennej. Turcja w polskiej polityce prometejskiej w","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96410676/Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_kierunek_aktywno%C5%9Bci_prometejskiej_dyplomacji_polskiej_na_marginesie_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_Iurii_Chainskyi_Walka_za_kulisami_dyplomacji_mi%C4%99dzywojennej_Turcja_w_polskiej_polityce_prometejskiej_w","owner_id":256344127,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":256344127,"first_name":"Henryk","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bartoszewicz","page_name":"HBartoszewicz","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2023-02-06T06:59:50.361-08:00","display_name":"Henryk Bartoszewicz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz"},"attachments":[{"id":98316465,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98316465/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ph_3_bartoszewicz_artyku艂_recenzyjny.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98316465/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Warszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_k.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98316465/ph_3_bartoszewicz_artyku%C5%82_recenzyjny-libre.pdf?1675697146=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWarszawa_Konstantynopol_Ankara_Turecki_k.pdf\u0026Expires=1740164099\u0026Signature=BQpX~3YJE31yJhJs5xgRqQwLEjAnmbSezPaHNGBx44DGtPOSezfBFfhV80aJYwJqtq~KZR0BbsUTxwHbfbi87MJt7GXVAFK2DHMz34V7CYMGziDiboEKun8uV21~kFn7YhPQ7j7XbLGkn6vecUM6-qhPElp0pXUNCubxpKKO3Z82cwVU7sawnnvbZpuO1UtAi1PuqBPJF0R6YfnmnhcJZaTuc6lDyaNqQ1ilB5hh2kkTgo2qugJRS7A5Q22dNtsKP9Nv7mCbZLG3XK~qKKyz3LLrlcplutxJIMDvFZaVt~eJXNDj1rM6uIox2N~oE9UwFarHE7VbZ1SIxoi1etrzcA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "496b78df25483f22158343a85d1c6244bac90976d8722d5b8e4bca13e1307dd0", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="iXNpGS_Zccl4SusC6kkIVZSChY-ptTUXQGtvny5dEPjAptayk3FvsOcnsOVLMd889-AUcit_wghFgBw5wAqMaw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/HBartoszewicz" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="tzemia1TmWVQF2uxFg13xjbMbK-j_7ihxCurTkhUGY7-4hkiEfuHHM96MFa3daCvVa79UiE1T77BwNjopgOFHQ" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>