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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title aria-live="polite">Home - Research Guides at Washington University in St. Louis</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /><link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/jpg" href="https://d2jv02qf7xgjwx.cloudfront.net/customers/127/images/shield_favicon_512.png"/><meta property="og:title" content="Research Guides"> <meta property="og:description" content="Welcome to Research Guides Research assistance, subject guides, and useful resources compiled by your friendly WashU librarians. Know what we know - find it in Research Guides!"><meta property="og:image" content="https://libguides.wustl.edu/ld.php?_=1733348367&size=facebook&screenshot=site_screenshot.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="627"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://libguides.wustl.edu/ld.php?_=1733348367&size=twitter&screenshot=site_screenshot.png"><meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://libguides.wustl.edu/"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@springshare"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/jquery/css/jquery-ui.min.css?2691" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/css3.13.2/lg-public.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/jquery/js/1.12.4_jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.13.2/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> jQuery.ui || document.write('<script src="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/jquery/js/jquery-ui.min.js?2691">\x3C/script>'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/js3.13.2/lg-public.min.js"></script> <!-- BEGIN: CUSTOM HEAD JS/CSS --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://d2jv02qf7xgjwx.cloudfront.net/sites/128/include/libguides_css_20241125.css"> <!-- END: CUSTOM HEAD JS/CSS --> <script>var system = {"name":"Research Guides"}; springSpace.publicObj = new springSpace.public.Public({ constant: { PROCESSING: {}, CONTENT: {} }, system_name: system.name, customer: {"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"} }) </script><!-- get_lg_session_status.twig --> <script> springSpace.Session.CONST.ACTION_AUTH_SET_LG_SESSION_COOKIE = 750; callGetLGSessionStatus = function () { springSpace.Session.auth_reload_script = window.location.href; springSpace.Session.getLGSessionStatus({ url: "https://wustl.libapps.com/libapps/login_process/session", data: { app_id: 1, domain: "libguides.wustl.edu", site_id: 128, auth_reload: 0 } }) } jQuery( function () { callGetLGSessionStatus(); } ); </script> <!-- !get_lg_session_status.twig --> <script> var springStats = springStats || {}; springStats.saConfig = springStats.saConfig || { site_id: 128, tracking_parameters: {"_st_site_id":128}, tracking_server_host: "libguides-proc.springyaws.com" }; </script> <script src="https://static-assets-us.libguides.com/web/js/sa.min.js?3116"></script> <script> springSpace.Common = springSpace.Common || { }; springSpace.Common.constant = { PROCESSING: { ACTION_DISPLAY_POLL: 159 } }; springSpace.publicObj.constant.PROCESSING.ACTION_LOAD_GUIDE_LIST = 170; springSpace.publicObj.constant.CONTENT.HOME_GUIDES_TITLE = "Guides"; springSpace.publicObj.homeNavButtons = {"170":"ALL GUIDES","171":"BY GROUP","172":"BY SUBJECT","173":"BY TYPE","174":"BY OWNER"}; springSpace.publicObj.getCountType=function(action) { var count_type = ""; switch (action) { case 176: count_type = "guidetype"; break; case 177: count_type = "group"; break; case 178: count_type = "owner"; break; } return count_type; }; springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts=function(config) { jQuery.ajax({ url: "/index_process.php?action=" + config.action + "&site_id=" + config.site_id + (config.group_id ? "&group_id=" + config.group_id : ""), type: "GET", dataType: "json", success: function(response, textStatus, jqXHR) { if ( response.errCode == 200 ) { var count_type = springSpace.publicObj.getCountType(config.action); jQuery.each( response.data, function(idx, elt) { jQuery("#s-lg-index-" + count_type + "-" + elt.id).show(); jQuery("#s-lg-index-" + count_type + "-count-" + elt.id).html(elt.count); } ); } else { springSpace.UI.notify({mode: "custom", msg: "Error loading guide counts."}); } }, error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) { springSpace.UI.notify({mode: "custom", msg: "Error loading guide counts."}); } }); } var button_data = {"code":"s"}; springSpace.homepage = { default_list_order: "a", current_list: 172, current_btn_id: "s-lg-index-subject-btn", current_num_cols: 2, current_type_label: "", current_button_code: button_data.code, group_id: 0, historyEdited: false, initPushState: function() { if (window.history && history.pushState) { jQuery(window).bind("popstate", function(e) { // Don't reload list if this is the result of a skip link hash update. if ( springSpace.homepage.historyEdited ) { // location.search will return URL encoded values which will end up causing double-encoding when jQuery sends the loadAzList request. var button_code = springSpace.Util.getQSParam({name: "b", qs: location.search}); var guide_display_code = springSpace.Util.getQSParam({name: "d", qs: location.search}); // If there is no button code, go back to the default button if (button_code === "") { button_code = "s"; } springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ nav: "back", action: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToActionId(button_code), group_id: springSpace.homepage.group_id, order: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(guide_display_code), num_cols: 2, elt_id: "s-lg-index-list", button_id: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToButtonEltId(button_code), type_label: "Subjects", display_sort: ( springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToButtonEltId(button_code) === "s-lg-index-all-btn") }); } }); } }, mapQSIdToButtonEltId: function(qs_id) { var button_ids = { "g": "s-lg-index-all-btn", "s": "s-lg-index-subject-btn", "t": "s-lg-index-guidetype-btn", "o": "s-lg-index-owner-btn", "p": "s-lg-index-group-btn", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[qs_id]; }, mapQSIdToActionId: function(qs_id) { var button_ids = { "g": "170", "s": "172", "t": "173", "o": "174", "p": "171", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[qs_id]; }, mapButtonEltIdToQSId: function(btn_elt_id) { var button_ids = { "s-lg-index-all-btn": "g", "s-lg-index-subject-btn": "s", "s-lg-index-guidetype-btn": "t", "s-lg-index-owner-btn": "o", "s-lg-index-group-btn": "p", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(btn_elt_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[btn_elt_id]; }, mapQSIdToGuideSortId: function(qs_id) { var sort_ids = { "a": "0", "r": "2", "p": "3" }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", sort_ids); return sort_ids[qs_id]; }, mapGuideSortIdToQSId: function(sort_id) { var sort_ids = { "0": "a", "2": "r", "3": "p" }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(sort_id, "", sort_ids); return sort_ids[sort_id]; }, processPushState: function(config) { if (history.pushState) { // Only call pushState if this is a call to navigate forward (link, etc.), not back or initial load. if ( config.nav !== "back" && config.nav !== "init" ) { // Only add display code to URL if on the guides button. var qs_config = ( springSpace.homepage.current_button_code === "g" ? { button_code: springSpace.homepage.current_button_code, guide_display_code: springSpace.homepage.default_list_order } : { button_code: springSpace.homepage.current_button_code } ); var url = location.pathname + springSpace.homepage.buildQS(qs_config); history.pushState({}, null, url); } } // Set flag to indicate history has been updated. springSpace.homepage.historyEdited = true; }, buildQS: function(config) { var params = { b: springSpace.Util.setProp(config.button_code, ""), d: springSpace.Util.setProp(config.guide_display_code, "") }; // If on the default button, do not add the code if (params.b === "s") { return ""; } // Add group_id to query string if supplied. if (springSpace.homepage.group_id) { params.group_id = springSpace.homepage.group_id; } var qs_params = []; jQuery.each(params, function(idx, val) { if ( val !== "" && val !== "0") { qs_params.push(idx + "=" + encodeURIComponent(val)); } }); return ( qs_params.length == 0 ? "" : "?" + qs_params.join("&") ); } }; jQuery(function() { // Initialize pushState handling. springSpace.homepage.initPushState(); // Clear out the search term from previous search/back button. jQuery("#s-lg-guide-search").val(""); // Load guide list. springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: springSpace.homepage.current_list, group_id: "0", order: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(springSpace.homepage.default_list_order), num_cols: 2, elt_id: "s-lg-index-list", button_id: springSpace.homepage.current_btn_id, type_label: "Subjects", display_sort: ( springSpace.homepage.current_btn_id === "s-lg-index-all-btn"), nav: "init" }); // Select default dropdown option. jQuery("#s-lg-guide-order > option[value=" + springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(springSpace.homepage.default_list_order) + "]").prop("selected",true); // Load guide type counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 176, site_id: 128, group_id: 0 }); // Load group guides counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 177, site_id: 128 }); // Load owner group counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 178, site_id: 128, group_id: 0 } ); }); jQuery(function() { jQuery(document).ready(function () { springSpace.springTrack.trackPage({_st_type_id: '11'}); }); }); </script> </head><body class="s-lib-public-body"> <a id="s-lg-public-skiplink" class="alert-info" href="#s-lib-public-main">Skip to Main Content</a> <!-- BEGIN: Page Header --> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Header and Footer Templates</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <!-- The below stylesheet link can be copied to your project to provide access to the brand fonts --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/emk1rdh.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body> <!-- Begin copying the header here --> <header id="header" class="site-header"> <div class="site-header__branding"> <div class="site-header__logo"> <a href="https://washu.edu"> <!-- You will need to change the src attribute to match the path to the logo in your project --> <img src="https://d2jv02qf7xgjwx.cloudfront.net/customers/127/images/logo-white.png" alt="Wash U"> </a> <a href="https://library.wustl.edu/"> <span class="site-header__tag">Libraries</span> </a> </div> <div class="site-header__nav"> <a href="https://library.wustl.edu/" class="site-header__return-link">back to library.wustl.edu</a> </div> </div> </header> <!-- END: Page Header --> <!-- BEGIN: Content Header --> <div id="s-lib-public-header" class="s-lib-header container s-lib-side-borders"> <nav id="s-lib-bc" aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol id="s-lib-bc-list" class="breadcrumb"><li id="s-lib-bc-customer" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="http://library.wustl.edu/">WashU Libraries</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-site" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://libguides.wustl.edu/">Research Guides</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-page" class="active breadcrumb-item">Home</li></ol> </nav> <h1 id="s-lib-public-header-title">Welcome to Research Guides </h1> <div id="s-lib-public-header-desc">Research assistance, subject guides, and useful resources compiled by your friendly WashU librarians. Know what we know - find it in Research Guides! </div> </div> <!-- END: Content Header --> <!-- BEGIN: Nav Bar --> <div id="s-lib-public-nav" class="container s-lib-side-borders"> </div> <!-- END: Nav Bar --> <!-- BEGIN: content --> <div id="s-lib-public-main" class="s-lib-main container s-lib-side-borders" tabindex="-1"> <div id="s-lg-index-cols" class="row"> <div id="col1" class="col-md-8 center"> <div class="clearfix"> <div id="s-lg-hp-nav"> <ul> <li> <ul class="nav nav-pills"> <li id="s-lg-index-all-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn active"> <button type="button" role="button" aria-pressed="true" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 170, group_id: 0, order: jQuery('#s-lg-guide-order').val(), num_cols: 2, elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-all-btn', display_sort: true });" >ALL GUIDES</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-group-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" role="button" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 171, group_id: 0, num_cols: 2, type_label: 'Groups', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-group-btn', });">BY GROUP</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-subject-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" role="button" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 172, group_id: 0, num_cols: 2, type_label: 'Subjects', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-subject-btn', });">BY SUBJECT</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-guidetype-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" class="btn" role="button" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 173, group_id: 0, num_cols: 2, type_label: 'Guide Types', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-guidetype-btn', });">BY TYPE</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-owner-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" class="btn" role="button" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 174, group_id: 0, num_cols: 2, type_label: 'Guide Owners', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-owner-btn', });">BY OWNER</button> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="s-lg-hp-nav-bottom"> <div class="clearfix"> <form role="search" class="form-inline pull-right" action="/srch.php"><span>Search:</span> <div class="form-group"> <div class="s-lg-public-search-field"> <label class="control-label sr-only" for="s-lg-guide-search">Enter Search Words</label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" id="s-lg-guide-search" name="q" class="form-control" maxlength="260" placeholder="Enter Search Words" aria-label="Enter Search Words"/> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Search</button> </span> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="s-lg-guide-list-controls"> <div class="pull-left"> <h2 id="s-lg-index-list-header" class="muted"></h2> </div> <div class="pull-right muted"> <div class="form-inline" id="form-group-s-lg-guide-order"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="s-lg-guide-order">Display</label> <select id="s-lg-guide-order" name="s-lg-guide-order" class="form-control"> <option value="0">Alphabetically</option> <option value="3">By Popularity</option> <option value="2">Most Recent</option> </select> </div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 170, group_id: 0, order: jQuery('#s-lg-guide-order').val(), num_cols: 2, elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-all-btn', display_sort: true, type_label: springSpace.homepage.current_type_label });">Go</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="s-lg-index-list" class=""> Loading... </div> </div> <div id="col2" class="col-md-4 center"> <div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">Database Finder</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm">Find the best library databases for your research topic or discipline.</div><a href="/az.php" class="btn btn-info s-lg-hp-btn-section" role="button">Database Finder</a></div><div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">Chat with a Librarian 24/7</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm"> <div id="s-lg-content-78531974" class="s-lg-widget "><script src="https://libanswers.wustl.edu/load_chat.php?hash=e7cfc67aef3c46b9cf0fe1498b7d9d58"></script> <div id="libchat_e7cfc67aef3c46b9cf0fe1498b7d9d58"></div> </div></div></div><div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">FAQs</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm">Search our FAQ knowledge base.</div><a href="http://libanswers.wustl.edu" class="btn btn-info s-lg-hp-btn-section" role="button">FAQs</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END: content --> <!-- BEGIN: Page Footer --> <div id="s-lib-footer-public" class="s-lib-footer footer container s-lib-side-borders"><div><div id="s-lib-footer-brand">Powered by 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