Completely paralyzed man steps out in robotic exoskeleton

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(Credit: Mark Pollock) </p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures" class="gallery-link">Image Gallery</a> (5 images) </div> </div> <div class="article-body"> <p>Working with a team of UCLA scientists, a man with protracted and complete paralysis has recovered sufficient voluntary control to take charge of a bionic exoskeleton and take many thousands of steps. Using a non-invasive spinal stimulation system that requires no surgery, this is claimed to be the first time that a person with such a comprehensive disability has been able to actively and voluntarily walk with such a device. </p> <ul class="gallery-preview"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#1" class="js-gallery-preview-link"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/gallery_tn/neurostimulation-walking-4.jpg" title="The new system has been created using a battery-driven bionic exoskeleton that allows users leg movements to propel the unit in a step-by-step way" alt="The new system has been created using a battery-driven bionic exoskeleton that allows users leg movements to propel the unit in a step-by-step way"/> </a> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#2" class="js-gallery-preview-link"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/gallery_tn/neurostimulation-walking-3.jpg" title="Professor V. Reggie Edgerton, neurobiology and neurosurgery expert at UCLA, and lead author of the research" alt="Professor V. Reggie Edgerton, neurobiology and neurosurgery expert at UCLA, and lead author of the research"/> </a> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#3" class="js-gallery-preview-link"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/gallery_tn/neurostimulation-walking-5.jpg" title="Mark, who had been totally paralyzed from the waist down for four years prior to this research, was given five days of training in the robot exoskeleton" alt="Mark, who had been totally paralyzed from the waist down for four years prior to this research, was given five days of training in the robot exoskeleton"/> </a> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#4" class="js-gallery-preview-link"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/gallery_tn/neurostimulation-walking-6.jpg" title="Using a commercial robotic device manufactured by Ekso Bionics for the trial, the system also captures and records data to ascertain how much the participant is voluntarily urging their limbs to move" alt="Using a commercial robotic device manufactured by Ekso Bionics for the trial, the system also captures and records data to ascertain how much the participant is voluntarily urging their limbs to move"/> </a> </ul> <p>Leveraging on research where the UCLA team recently used the same non-invasive technique to enable <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation-restores-movement-paralysis/38719/" target="_blank">five completely paralyzed men to move their legs</a>, the new work has allowed the latest subject, Mark Pollock, to regain some voluntary movement – even up to two weeks after training with the external electrical stimulation had ended.</p> <p>Pollock, who had been totally paralyzed from the waist down for four years prior to this study, was given five days of training in the robot exoskeleton, and a further two weeks muscle training with the external stimulation unit. The stimulated and voluntary leg movements have not only shown that regaining mobility through this technique is possible, but that the training itself provides a range of health benefits in itself, especially in enhanced cardiovascular function and improved muscle tone.</p> <p><div class="inline-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#6" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/inline/neurostimulation-walking-6@2x.jpg" alt=""> </a> </div> </p> <p>The new system has been created as an amalgam of a battery-driven bionic exoskeleton that allows users' leg movements to propel the unit in a step-by-step way, and a non-invasive external stimulator to trigger nerve signals to create the leg movements. In this way, Pollock made significant progress after being given just a few weeks physical training without spinal stimulation and then five days of spinal stimulation exercise an hour a day over a week-long period.</p> <p>"In the last few weeks of the trial, my heart rate hit 138 beats per minute," said Pollock. "This is an aerobic training zone, a rate I haven’t even come close to since being paralyzed while walking in the robot alone, without these interventions. That was a very exciting, emotional moment for me, having spent my whole adult life before breaking my back as an athlete."</p> <p>Pollock has been a paraplegic since 2010 when he fell from a second-story window and suffered a spinal cord injury. Prior to that, after he lost his sight in 1998, he had been competing in ultra-endurance races through deserts, across mountains, and over the polar ice caps. He has even won medals in rowing at the Commonwealth Games for rowing. This will to win was evident in his use of the new device.</p> <p>"Stepping with the stimulation and having my heart rate increase, along with the awareness of my legs under me, was addictive. I wanted more," Pollock said.</p> <p><div class="inline-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/pictures#5" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/inline/neurostimulation-walking-5@2x.jpg" alt=""> </a> </div> </p> <p>Using a commercial robotic device manufactured by Ekso Bionics for the trial, the system also captures and records data to ascertain how much the participant is voluntarily moving their limbs and compares that to the amount of help being provided by the device itself.</p> <p>"If the robot does all the work, the subject becomes passive and the nervous system shuts down," said professor V. Reggie Edgerton, neurobiology and neurosurgery expert at UCLA, and lead author of the research.</p> <p>In this case, the data demonstrated that Pollock was actually flexing his left knee and raising his left leg voluntarily. Both of which continued during and after the electrical stimulation, thereby proving that he was able to actively assist the robotic exoskeleton during walking rather than the device doing all the work.</p> <p>"For people who are severely injured but not completely paralyzed, there’s every reason to believe that they will have the opportunity to use these types of interventions to further improve their level of function," said professor Edgerton. "They’re likely to improve even more. We need to expand the clinical toolbox available for people with spinal cord injury and other diseases. It will be difficult to get people with complete paralysis to walk completely independently, but even if they don’t accomplish that, the fact they can assist themselves in walking will greatly improve their overall health and quality of life."</p> <p>The results of this research were recently published and presented at the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://emb.citengine.com/event/embc-2015/paper-details?pdID=4403" target="_blank">37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society</a>.</p> <p>The short video below shows the UCLA exoskeleton and Mark Pollock in action.</p> <p>Source: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/completely-paralyzed-man-voluntarily-moves-his-legs-ucla-scientists-report" target="_blank">UCLA</a></p> <p><div class="inline-item js-article-video"> <iframe src="//web.archive.org/web/20150905052444if_/http://www.youtube.com/embed/tPej2l6dVbw" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </p> </div>  <div class="page-section"> <ul class="list-ui list-ui--horizontal share-bar"> <li> <div class="fb-like" data-href="http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/" data-send="false" data-layout="box_count" data-show-faces="false" data-share="true"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> _ga.trackFacebook(); </script> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-count="vertical" data-via="gizmag" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/">Tweet</a> </li> <li> <div class="g-plusone" data-size="tall" data-href="http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/"></div> </li> <li> <iframe style="overflow: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444if_/http://badge.stumbleupon.com/badge/embed/5/?url=http%3A//www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/" width="50" height="60" id="iframe-stmblpn-widget-1" name="iframe-stmblpn-widget-1"></iframe> </li> <li> <div class="pin-it-button" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444oe_/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/" data-image="http://images.gizmag.com/gallery_lrg/neurostimulation-walking.jpg" data-description="Working with a team of UCLA scientists, a man with protracted and complete paralysis has recovered sufficient voluntary control to take charge of a bionic exoskeleton and take many thousands of steps. "></div> </li> <li> <script type="IN/Share" data-counter="top"></script> </li> <li class="js-share-reddit"> <script type="text/javascript"> reddit_newwindow='1' </script> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ad "> <div class="ad-label">Advertisement</div> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20150905052444js_/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <ins class="adsbygoogle ad-article-bottom" style="" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1607124478120364" data-ad-slot="6055296962"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div>  <div class="page-section"> <div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444oe_/http://www.gizmag.com/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/" data-widget-id="AR_1" data-ob-template="Gizmag"></div> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444js_/http://widgets.outbrain.com/outbrain.js"></script> </div>  <div class="page-section media"> <p class="h2 title-standout">About the Author</p> <a class="media__right" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/author/colin-jeffrey/"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444im_/http://images.gizmag.com/CACHE/images/avatars/216.16df7274140d.jpg" alt="Colin Jeffrey"/> </a> <p>Colin discovered technology at an early age, pulling apart clocks, radios, and the family TV. Despite his father's remonstrations that he never put anything back together, Colin went on to become an electronics engineer. Later he decided to get a degree in anthropology, and used that to do all manner of interesting things masquerading as work. Even later he took up sculpting, moved to the coast, and never learned to surf. </p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/author/colin-jeffrey/"> All articles by Colin Jeffrey </a> </div>  <div class="page-section"> <p class="h2 title-standout">Tags</p> <ul class="list-ui list-ui--horizontal article-tags"> <li>» <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/tag/transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation/" rel="tag">Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation</a></li> <li>» <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/tag/ucla/" rel="tag">UCLA</a></li> <li>» <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/tag/exoskeleton/" rel="tag">Exoskeleton</a></li> <li>» <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/tag/non-invasive/" rel="tag">Non-invasive</a></li> <li>» <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/tag/spinal/" rel="tag">Spinal</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="page-section"> <p class="h2 title-standout">6 Comments</p> <ul class="list-ui list-ui--vertical word-wrap"> <li> <p>Brilliant, heartwarming stuff. All the more so because of the human angle- Mark Pollock was clearly an extremely determined man- not letting blindness get in the way of his aspirations. Paralysis will have been for him an apparent full-stop to his athletic pursuits as well as just about everything else in everyday life- I bet he never imagined he'd actually be walking about again.</p> <p>If only Christopher Reeve was alive to witness this- some people thought he was a crank for reaching for the seemingly impossible dream of voluntary locomotion- yet here we are, at last, in a world where bionics have become science fact rather than fanciful science fiction.</p> <span class="strong">bergamot69</span> </li> <li> <p>Stories like this make me glad I'm living in a time where things like this can be achieved. </p> <span class="strong">Aloysius Bear</span> </li> <li> <p>mass produce exosuit for others like him/her, test in VA & USC.</p> <span class="strong">Stephen Russell</span> </li> <li> <p>Stories like these make feel all warm and tingly. <em>chanting</em> HUMAN RACE! HUMAN RACE! HUMAN RACE!</p> <p>and their subject seems like the perfect specimen to get the "suit"</p> <span class="strong">Mexoplex 5 Million</span> </li> <li> <p>Genius! Praise great minds that have the intelligence and dedication to create working models that could someday bring hope to so many paralyzed folks and hopefully keep the price from being out of this world.</p> <span class="strong">Marco Corona</span> </li> <li> <p>Amazing developments!</p> <span class="strong">Ryan Gibbons</span> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="page-section"> <a name="comment-form"></a> <p class="h2 title-standout">Post a Comment</p> <div data-article="39216"> <form class="login-form form-full js-login-form" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052444/http://www.gizmag.com/login/" method="post"> <p class="strong">Login with your Gizmag account:</p> <p class="js-login-error"></p> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="hNW09IoZG7fnZGYQivEx04QJcvkQ7QUS"/> <input type="hidden" name="next" value="/ucla-robotic-exoskeleton-non-invasive-spinal-cord-stimulation/39216/"> <tr><th><label for="id_email">Email:</label></th><td><input id="id_email" maxlength="254" 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