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Thompson}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}} {{Infobox academic | name = E. P. Thompson | image = E P Thompson at 1980 protest rally (cropped).JPG | alt = | caption = Thompson at a 1980 anti-nuclear weapons rally in Oxford | birth_name = Edward Palmer Thompson | birth_date = {{birth date|1924|2|3|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Oxford]], England | death_date = {{death date and given age|1993|8|28|69|df=y}} | death_place = [[Upper Wick]], Worcestershire, England | father = [[Edward John Thompson]] | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = ''[[The Making of the English Working Class]]'' | influences = [[Karl Marx]]<br/>[[William Morris]]<br/>[[William Blake]] | influenced = | signature = | website = | spouse = {{marriage|[[Dorothy Thompson (historian)|Dorothy Towers]]|1948}} | children = 3 | discipline = History | work_institutions = [[University of Warwick]] (until 1971)<br/>[[University of Leeds]] | education = [[Corpus Christi College, Cambridge]] | awards = | school_tradition = }} '''Edward Palmer Thompson''' (3 February 1924 – 28 August 1993) was an English historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner. He is best known for his historical work on the radical movements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in particular ''[[The Making of the English Working Class]]'' (1963).<ref name="CollsStillRelevant">{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/still-relevant-the-making-of-the-english-working-class/2009137.article|title=Still relevant: The Making of the English Working Class|last=Colls|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Colls|date=21 November 2013|work=[[Times Higher Education]]|access-date=16 May 2016|archive-date=28 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128034859/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/still-relevant-the-making-of-the-english-working-class/2009137.article|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1966, Thompson coined the term "history from below" to describe his approach to [[social history]], which became one of the most consequential developments within the global history discipline.<ref>[[E. P. Thompson]], “History From Below,” The Times Literary Supplement, April 7 1966.</ref> History from below arose from the [[Communist Party Historians Group]] and its work to popularise [[historical materialism]].<ref name="Keynes From Below">{{cite thesis |last=Coventry |first=C. J. |date=January 2023 |title=''Keynes From Below: A Social History of Second World War Keynesian Economics'' |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340939637_Keynes_from_Below_A_social_history_of_Second_World_War_Keynesian_economics |degree=PhD |chapter= |publisher=[[Federation University Australia]] |docket= |oclc= |access-date=}}</ref> Thompson's work is considered by some to have been among the most important contributions to [[social history]] in the latter twentieth-century, with a global impact, including on scholarship in Asia and Africa.<ref>{{cite web |work=Programme on the Study of Capitalism |title=The Global E.P. Thompson," 3–5 October 2013 |publisher=[[Harvard University]] |url=http://studyofcapitalism.harvard.edu/thompson-conference |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170919215119/http://studyofcapitalism.harvard.edu/thompson-conference |archive-date=19 September 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In a 2011 poll by ''[[History Today]]'' magazine, he was named the second most important historian of the previous 60 years, behind only [[Fernand Braudel]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=16 November 2011 |title=Top Historians: The Results |url=https://www.historytoday.com/top-historians-results |access-date=6 November 2020 |magazine=[[History Today]] |archive-date=12 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112041501/https://www.historytoday.com/top-historians-results |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Early life== E. P. Thompson was born in [[Oxford]] to [[Methodist]] missionary parents: His father, [[Edward John Thompson]] (1886–1946), was a poet and admirer of the Nobel Prize–winning poet [[Rabindranath Tagore]]. His older brother was [[William Frank Thompson]] (1920–1944), a British officer in the [[Second World War]], who was captured and shot aiding the Bulgarian anti-fascist partisans.<ref name="GhodseeVagabond">{{cite web|url=http://www.vagabond-bg.com/features/item/2629-who-was-frank-thompson.html|title=Who was Frank Thompson?|last=Ghodsee|first=Kristen|author-link=Kristen R. Ghodsee|date=16 October 2013|work=Vagabond - Bulgaria's English Monthly|access-date=16 May 2016|archive-date=18 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918024955/https://www.vagabond-bg.com/features/item/2629-who-was-frank-thompson.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.monkeytravel.org/index.php/blog/comments/the_iskar_gorge_and_the_bulgarian_partisans |title="The Iskar Gorge and the Bulgarian Partisans", monkeytravel.org, 21 July 2010. |access-date=2 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172835/http://www.monkeytravel.org/index.php/blog/comments/the_iskar_gorge_and_the_bulgarian_partisans |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Edward Thompson and his mother wrote ''There is a Spirit in Europe: A Memoir of Frank Thompson'' (1947).<ref>Taylor, Jonathan R. P. "There is A Spirit in Europe: A Memoir of Frank Thompson 80 Years on". Imprint Lulu. Brittunculi Records & Books (2024): ISBN 9781304479525.</ref> This out of print memoir was re-released by Brittunculi Records & Books in 2024. Thompson would later write another book about his brother, published posthumously in 1996.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.lrb.co.uk/v19/n09/arnold-rattenbury/convenient-death-of-a-hero|title=Convenient Death of a Hero|last=Rattenbury|first=Arnold|date=8 May 1997|journal=London Review of Books|volume=19|issue=9|pages=12–13|issn=0260-9592|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=25 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825044835/http://www.lrb.co.uk/v19/n09/arnold-rattenbury/convenient-death-of-a-hero|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>E. P. Thompson, ''Beyond the Frontier: the Politics of a Failed Mission, Bulgaria 1944'', Merlin/Stanford, 120 pp, December 1996, {{ISBN|0-85036-457-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The ups and downs of Major Thompson|journal=The Spectator|url=http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/29th-march-1997/40/the-ups-and-downs-of-major-thompson|date=29 March 1997|author=Brisby, Liliana|access-date=22 November 2019|archive-date=30 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230100733/http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/29th-march-1997/40/the-ups-and-downs-of-major-thompson|url-status=live}}</ref> Thompson attended two independent schools, [[Dragon School|The Dragon School]] in Oxford and [[Kingswood School]] in [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]]. Like many he left school in 1941 to fight in the Second World War. He served in a tank unit in the [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian campaign]], including at the fourth battle of [[Battle of Monte Cassino|Cassino]].<ref>{{cite web |work=[[Desert Island Discs]] |title=E P Thompson |first=Sue |last=Lawley |author-link=Sue Lawley |date=3 November 1991 |publisher=[[BBC Radio 4]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0093yqd |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003001204/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0093yqd |url-status=live }}</ref> After his military service, he studied at [[Corpus Christi College, Cambridge]], where he joined the [[Communist Party of Great Britain]]. In 1946, Thompson formed the [[Communist Party Historians Group]] with [[Christopher Hill (historian)|Christopher Hill]], [[Eric Hobsbawm]], [[Rodney Hilton]], [[Dona Torr]], and others. In 1952 they launched the journal ''[[Past & Present (journal)|Past and Present]]''.{{Citation needed |date=March 2024}} ==Scholarship== ===1950s: ''William Morris''=== Thompson's first major work of scholarship was his biography of [[William Morris]], written while he was a member of the Communist Party. Subtitled ''From Romantic to Revolutionary'', it was part of an effort by the Communist Party Historians' Group, inspired by Torr, to emphasise the domestic roots of Marxism in Britain at a time when the Communist Party was under attack for always following the Moscow line. It was also an attempt to take Morris back from the critics who for more than 50 years had emphasised his art and downplayed his politics.<ref>{{Cite book|title=E.P. Thompson: A Twentieth Century Romantic|last=Efstathiou|first=Christos|publisher=Merlin Press|year=2015|location=London}}</ref> Although Morris's political work is well to the fore, Thompson also used his literary talents to comment on aspects of Morris's work, such as his early Romantic poetry, which had previously received relatively little consideration. As Thompson noted in his preface to the second edition (1976), the first edition (1955) appears to have received relatively little attention from the literary establishment because of its then-unfashionable Marxist point of view. However, the somewhat rewritten second edition was much better received. [[File:5709-newreasoner-cover-v1n01.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Thompson launched the dissident Marxist journal ''The New Reasoner'' in the summer of 1957. The publication would merge to form ''New Left Review'' in 1960.]] After [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s [[On the Personality Cult and its Consequences|"secret speech"]] to the 20th Congress of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] in 1956, which revealed that the Soviet party leadership had long been aware of Stalin's crimes, Thompson (with [[John Saville]] and others) started a dissident publication inside the CP, called ''The Reasoner''. Six months later, he and most of his comrades left the party in disgust at the Soviet invasion of [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Hungary]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Crisis of Theory: E. P. Thompson, the New Left and Postwar British Politics|last=Hamilton|first=Scott|publisher=Manchester U.P.|year=2012|location=Manchester}}</ref> But Thompson remained what he called a "socialist humanist". With Saville and others, he set up the ''[[New Reasoner]]'', a journal that sought to develop a democratic socialist alternative to what its editors considered the ossified official [[Marxism]] of the Communist and [[Trotskyist]] parties and the managerialist cold war social democracy of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] and its international allies. The ''New Reasoner'' was the most important organ of what became known as the "[[New Left]]", an informal movement of dissident leftists closely associated with the nascent movement for nuclear disarmament in the late 1950s and early 1960s.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Fieldhouse|editor1-first=Roger|editor2-last=Taylor|editor2-first=Richard|title=E. P. Thompson and English Radicalism|location=Manchester|publisher=Manchester U.P.|year=2014}}</ref> The ''New Reasoner'' combined with the ''[[Universities and Left Review]]'' to form ''[[New Left Review]]'' in 1960, though Thompson and others fell out with the group around [[Perry Anderson]] who took over the journal in 1962. The fashion ever since has been to describe the Thompson ''et al.'' New Left as "the first New Left" and the Anderson ''et al.'' group, which by 1968 had embraced [[Tariq Ali]] and various Trotskyists, as the second. ===Early-1960s: ''The Making of the English Working Class''=== Thompson's most influential work was and remains ''[[The Making of the English Working Class]]'', published in 1963 while he was working at the [[University of Leeds]]. The massive book, over 800 pages, was a watershed in the foundation of the field of [[social history]]. By exploring the ordinary cultures of working people through their previously ignored documentary remains, Thompson told the forgotten history of the first working-class political left in the world in the late-18th and early-19th centuries. Reflecting on the importance of the book for its 50th anniversary, Emma Griffin explained that Thompson "uncovered details about workshop customs and rituals, failed conspiracies, threatening letters, popular songs, and union club cards. He took what others had regarded as scraps from the archive and interrogated them for what they told us about the beliefs and aims of those who were not on the winning side. Here, then, was a book that rambled over aspects of human experience that had never before had their historian.<ref name="GriffinUnconventional">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/mar/06/ep-thompson-unconventional-historian|title=EP Thompson: the unconventional historian|last=Griffin|first=Emma|date=6 March 2013|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=16 May 2016|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=14 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514172230/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/mar/06/ep-thompson-unconventional-historian|url-status=live}}</ref> ''The Making of the English Working Class'' had a profound effect on the shape of British historiography, and still endures as a staple on university reading lists more than 50 years after its first publication in 1963. Writing for the [[Times Higher Education]] in 2013, [[Robert Colls]] recalled the power of Thompson's book for his generation of young British leftists: <blockquote>I bought my first copy in 1968 – a small, fat bundle of [[Pelican Books|Pelican]] with a picture of a Yorkshire miner on the front – and I still have it, bandaged up and exhausted by the years of labour. From the first of its 900-odd pages, I knew, and my friends at the University of Sussex knew, that this was something else. We talked about it in the bar and on the bus and in the refectory queue. Imagine that: young male students more interested in a book than in gooseberry tart and custard.<ref name="CollsStillRelevant"/></blockquote> In his preface to this book, E.P. Thompson set out his approach to writing history from below, "I am seeking to rescue the poor stockinger, the [[Luddite]] cropper, the "obsolete" hand-loom weaver, the "Utopian" artisan, and even the deluded follower of [[Joanna Southcott]], from the enormous condescension of posterity. Their crafts and traditions may have been dying. Their hostility to the new industrialism may have been backward-looking. Their communitarian ideals may have been fantasies. Their insurrectionary conspiracies may have been foolhardy. But they lived through these times of acute social disturbance, and we did not. Their aspirations were valid in terms of their own experience; and, if they were casualties of history, they remain, condemned in their own lives, as casualties."<ref name="Thompson_1963">{{cite book |first=E. P. |last=Thompson |title=The Making of the English Working Class |publisher=Harmondsworth: Penguin Books |date=1980 |orig-year=1963}}</ref>{{rp|12}} Thompson's thought was also original and significant because of the way he defined "class." To Thompson, class was not a structure, but a relationship: {{blockquote|text=And class happens when some men, as a result of common experiences (inherited or shared), feel and articulate the identity of their interests as between themselves, and as against other men whose interests are different from (and usually opposed to) theirs. The class experience is largely determined by the productive relations into which men are born—or enter involuntarily. Class-consciousness is the way in which these experiences are handled in cultural terms: embodied in traditions, value-systems, ideas, and institutional forms. If the experience appears as determined, class-consciousness does not. We can see a logic in the responses of similar occupational groups undergoing similar experiences, but we cannot predicate any law. Consciousness of class arises in the same way in different times and places, but never in just the same way.<ref>Thompson, ''The Making of the English Working Class'', pp. 8-9.</ref>}} By re-defining class as a relationship that changed over time, Thompson proceeded to demonstrate how class was worthy of historical investigation. He opened the gates for a generation of labour historians, such as [[David Montgomery (historian)|David Montgomery]] and [[Herbert Gutman]], who made similar studies of the American working classes. A major work of research and synthesis, the book was also important in [[historiographical]] terms: with it, Thompson demonstrated the power of a historical Marxism rooted in the experience of real flesh-and-blood workers. Thompson wrote the book while living in Siddal, [[Halifax, West Yorkshire]] and based some of the work on his experiences with the local Halifax population. In later essays, Thompson has emphasized that crime and disorder were characteristic responses of the working and lower classes to the oppressions imposed upon them. He argues that crime was defined and punished primarily as an activity that threatened the status, property and interests of the elites. England's lower classes were kept under control by large-scale execution, transportation to the colonies, and imprisonment in horrible hulks of old warships. There was no interest in reforming the culprits, the goal being to deter through extremely harsh punishment.<ref>E. P. Thompson, Douglas Hay, et al. ''Albion's Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England'' (1976)</ref><ref>Terry L. Chapman, "Crime in eighteenth century England: E.P. Thompson and the conflict theory of crime." ''Criminal Justice History'' 1 (1980): 139-155.</ref> ===Late-1960s: ''Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism''=== Time discipline, as it pertains to sociology and [[anthropology]], is the general name given to [[Society|social]] and economic rules, conventions, customs, and expectations governing the measurement of time, the [[social currency]] and awareness of time measurements, and people's expectations concerning the observance of these customs by others. Thompson authored ''Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism'', published in 1967, which posits that reliance on clock-time is a result of the European [[Industrial Revolution]] and that neither industrial capitalism nor the creation of the modern state would have been possible without the imposition of synchronic forms of time and work discipline.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Thompson|first=E. P.|date=1967|title=Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism|jstor=649749|journal=Past & Present|volume=38|issue=38|pages=56–97|doi=10.1093/past/38.1.56}}</ref> An accurate and precise record of time was not kept prior to the industrial revolution. The new clock-time imposed by government and capitalist interests replaced earlier, collective perceptions of time—such as natural rhythms of time like sunrise, sunset, and seasonal changes—that Thompson believed flowed from the collective wisdom of human societies. However, although it is likely that earlier views of time were imposed by religious and other social authorities prior to the industrial revolution, Thompson's work identified time discipline as an important concept for study within the [[social science]]s. Thompson addresses the development of time as a [[measurement]] that has value and that can be controlled by [[social structure]]s. As labor became more mechanized during the industrial revolution, time became more precise and standardized. Factory work changed the relationship that the capitalist and laborers had with time and the [[clock]]; clock time became a tool for [[social control]]. Capitalist interests demanded that the work of laborers be monitored accurately to ensure that cost of labor was to the maximum benefit of the capitalist. ==Post-academia== Thompson left the [[University of Warwick]] in protest at the commercialisation of the academy, documented in the book ''Warwick University Limited'' (1971). He continued to teach and lecture as a visiting professor, particularly in the United States. However, he increasingly worked as a freelance writer, contributing many essays to ''[[New Society]]'', ''Socialist Register'' and historical journals. In 1978, he published ''The Poverty of Theory'' which attacked the [[structural Marxism]] of [[Louis Althusser]] and his followers in Britain on ''New Left Review'' (saying: "...all of them are {{lang|de|Geschichtenscheissenschlopff}}, unhistorical shit"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.richardwebster.net/locusts.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051105095800/http://www.richardwebster.net/locusts.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=5 November 2005|title=E.P. Thompson, Marx and anti-semitism|last=Webster|first=Richard|website=www.richardwebster.net|access-date=22 December 2016}}</ref>). The title echoes that of [[Karl Marx]]'s 1847 polemic against [[Pierre-Joseph Proudhon]], ''[[The Poverty of Philosophy]]''; and that of philosopher [[Karl Popper]]'s 1936 book ''[[The Poverty of Historicism]]''. Thompson's polemic provoked a book-length response from Perry Anderson entitled ''Arguments Within English Marxism''. During the late 1970s, Thompson acquired a large public audience as a critic of what he perceived as the then Labour government's disregard of civil liberties; his writings from this time are collected in ''Writing By Candlelight'' (1980). From 1981 onward, Thompson was a frequent contributor to the American magazine ''[[The Nation]]''.<ref name="thenation">{{cite book |title=The Nation: 1865-1990 |editor-last=vanden Heuvel |editor-first=Katrina |editor-link=Katrina vanden Heuvel |publisher=[[Thunder's Mouth Press]] |location=New York |date=1990 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781560250012/page/325 325] |isbn=978-1560250012 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781560250012/page/325 }}</ref> From 1980, Thompson was the most prominent intellectual of the revived movement for [[nuclear disarmament]], revered by activists throughout the world. In Britain, his pamphlet ''Protest and Survive'', a parody on the government leaflet ''[[Protect and Survive]]'', played a major role in the revived strength of the [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament]].<ref name="BryanPalmer">{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Bryan|title=E. P. Thompson: Objections and Oppositions|url=https://archive.org/details/epthompsonobject0000palm|url-access=registration|year=1994|publisher=Verso|location=New York}}</ref><ref>E. P. Thompson, [https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/113758 ''Protest and Survive''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513203103/https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/113758 |date=13 May 2016 }}, 1980.</ref> Just as important, Thompson was, with [[Ken Coates]], [[Mary Kaldor]] and others, an author of the 1980 ''Appeal for European Nuclear Disarmament'', calling for a [[Nuclear-free zone|nuclear-free]] Europe from Poland to Portugal, which was the founding document of [[European Nuclear Disarmament]]. END was both a Europe-wide campaign that comprised a series of large public conferences (the END Conventions), and a small British pressure group. {{citation needed|date=October 2024}} [[File:E P Thompson at 1980 protest rally.JPG|thumb|E P Thompson speaking to anti-nuclear weapons protesters in 1980]] Thompson played a key role in both END and CND throughout the 1980s, speaking at many public meetings, corresponding with hundreds of fellow activists and sympathetic intellectuals, and doing committee work. He had a particularly important part in opening a dialogue between the west European peace movement and dissidents in Soviet-dominated eastern Europe, particularly in Hungary and [[Czechoslovakia]], for which he was denounced as a tool of American imperialism by the Soviet authorities.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} He wrote dozens of polemical articles and essays during this period, which are collected in the books ''Zero Option'' (1982) and ''The Heavy Dancers'' (1985). He also wrote an extended essay attacking the ideologists on both sides of the cold war, ''Double Exposure'' (1985) and edited a collection of essays opposing [[Ronald Reagan]]'s [[Strategic Defense Initiative]], ''Star Wars'' (1985). An excerpt from a speech given by Thompson featured in the computer game [[Deus Ex Machina (video game)|Deus Ex Machina]] (1984). Thompson's own haunting recitation of his 1950 poem of "apocalyptic expectation, "The Place Called Choice," appeared on the 1984 vinyl recording "The Apocalypso", by Canadian pop group [[Singing Fools]], released by A&M Records.<ref>E. P. Thompson, "Notes on Exterminism", in M. Evangelista (ed.), ''Peace Studies: Critical Concepts in Political Science'', Vol. 4, London: Routledge, 2004.</ref> During the 1980s Thompson was also invited by [[Michael Eavis]], who founded a local branch of CND, to speak at the [[Glastonbury Festival]] on several occasions after it became a fundraising event for the organisation:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Eavis |first1=Michael |author-link1=Michael Eavis |last2=Eavis |first2=Emily |author-link2=Emily Eavis |year=2019 |title=Glastonbury 50: The Official Story of Glastonbury Festival |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKOQDwAAQBAJ&q=ep+thompson+and+%22glastonbury+festival%22&pg=PT41 |publisher=[[Hachette UK]] |isbn=9781409183945 |access-date=11 July 2020 |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302204139/https://books.google.com/books?id=RKOQDwAAQBAJ&q=ep+thompson+and+%22glastonbury+festival%22&pg=PT41 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ihde |first1=Erin|s2cid=192129461|date=2015 |title=Do not panic: Hawkwind, the Cold War and "the imagination of disaster" |journal=Cogent Arts & Humanities |volume=2 |issue=1 |doi=10.1080/23311983.2015.1024564 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Thompson's speech at the 1983 edition of the festival, where he declared that the audience were part of an "alternative nation" of " inventors, writers... theatre, musicians" opposed to [[Margaret Thatcher]] and the tradition of "moneymakers and imperialists" which he identified her with, was named by Eavis as the best speech ever made at the festival.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/qa/2020/06/michael-eavis-qa-i-first-heard-movin-milking-parlour |title=Michael Eavis Q&A: "I first heard 'Movin' On Up' in the milking parlour" |author= |date=24 June 2020 |website=[[New Statesman]] |access-date=11 July 2020 |archive-date=12 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200712034635/https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/qa/2020/06/michael-eavis-qa-i-first-heard-movin-milking-parlour |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://theartsdesk.com/node/79743/view |title=theartsdesk at Glastonbury Festival 2017 |last=Gomez |first=Caspar |date=29 June 2017 |website=[[The Arts Desk]] |access-date=11 July 2017 |archive-date=3 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203234646/http://www.theartsdesk.com/node/79743/view |url-status=live }}</ref> ===1990s: ''William Blake''=== The last book Thompson finished was ''[[Witness Against the Beast|Witness Against the Beast: William Blake and the Moral Law]]'' (1993). The product of years of research and published shortly after his death, it shows how far Blake was inspired by dissident religious ideas rooted in the thinking of the most radical opponents of the monarchy during the English civil war. ==Legacy and criticism== Thompson was one of the principal intellectuals of the [[Communist Party of Great Britain]]. Although he left the party in 1956 due to its suppression of open debate over the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Soviet invasion]] of Hungary, he continued to refer to himself as a "historian in the [[Marxist]] tradition", calling for a rebellion against [[Stalinism]] as a prerequisite for the restoration of communists' "confidence in our own revolutionary perspectives".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-2476038/Reasoning-rebellion-E-P-Thompson.html |title=Reasoning rebellion: E. P. Thompson, British Marxist Historians, and the making of dissident political mobilization |date=22 September 2002 |website=Goliath ECNext |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615024039/http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-2476038/Reasoning-rebellion-E-P-Thompson.html |access-date=9 March 2009 |archive-date=15 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Thompson played a key role in the first [[New Left]] in Britain in the late 1950s. He was a vociferous left-wing socialist critic of the Labour governments of 1964–70 and 1974–79, and an early and constant supporter of the [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament]], becoming during the 1980s the leading intellectual light of the movement against nuclear weapons in Europe.{{Citation needed |date=March 2024}} Although Thompson left the Communist Party of Great Britain, he remained committed to Marxist ideals. [[Leszek Kołakowski]] wrote a very harsh criticism of Thompson in his 1974 essay "My Correct Views on Everything", accusing Thompson of intellectual dishonesty in minimizing the brutalities of communism and placing abstract principles over real-world consequences.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kolakowski|first=Leszek|date=17 March 1974|title=My Correct Views on Everything|url=https://socialistregister.com/index.php/srv/article/view/5323|journal=Socialist Register|volume=11|issue=11|issn=0081-0606|access-date=6 July 2018|archive-date=4 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504134232/http://www.socialistregister.com/index.php/srv/article/view/5323|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Tony Judt]] considered this rejoinder so authoritative that he claimed that "no one who reads it will ever take E.P. Thompson seriously again". Kołakowski's portrait of Thompson elicited some protests from readers and other left-wing journals came to Thompson's defence.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2007/feb/15/the-case-of-ep-thompson/|title=The Case of E.P. Thompson|last=Judt|first=Edward Countryman, reply by Tony|date=15 February 2007|newspaper=The New York Review of Books|issn=0028-7504|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=7 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807002305/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2007/feb/15/the-case-of-ep-thompson/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nplusonemag.com/online-only/online-only/on-tony-judt/ |first=Nikil |last=Saval |title=Tony Judt |date=9 August 2010 |website=nplusonemag.com |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207110006/https://www.nplusonemag.com/online-only/online-only/on-tony-judt/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On the 50th anniversary of the landmark publication of ''The Making of the English Working Class'', several journalists celebrated E.P. Thompson as one of the pre-eminent historians of his day.<ref name="CollsStillRelevant"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jeffrey R. |first1=Webber |url=https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/07/making-english-working-class-luddites-romanticism/ |title=E. P. Thompson's Romantic Marxism |website=[[Jacobin (magazine)|Jacobin]] |access-date=22 November 2019 |date=24 August 2015 |archive-date=25 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225064531/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/07/making-english-working-class-luddites-romanticism/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As Marxist history became less fashionable in the face of the adaptation of discourse-focused approaches inspired by the [[linguistic turn]] and [[post-structuralism]] in the 1980s, Thompson's work was subjected to critique by fellow historians. [[Joan Wallach Scott]] argued that Thompson's approach in ''The Making of the English Working Class'' was [[androcentric]], and ignored the centrality of gender in the construction of class identities, with the sphere of paid labour in which economic class was rooted being understood as inherently male and privileged over the feminised domestic realm.<ref name=Steinberg>{{cite journal |last1=Steinberg |first1=Marc W.|s2cid=144660884|date=April 1991|title=The Re-Making of the English Working Class? |journal=[[Theory & Society]] |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=173–197|doi=10.1007/BF00160182|jstor=657718|hdl=2027.42/43644|hdl-access=free}}</ref> [[Sheila Rowbotham]], also a feminist historian and a friend of E.P. and Dorothy Thompson, has argued that Scott's critique was ahistorical, given that the book was published in 1963, before the [[second-wave feminist]] movement had fully developed a theoretical [[gender perspective]].<ref name=winslow>{{cite magazine |last1=Winslow |first1=Barbara |author-link1=Barbara Winslow |date=November–December 2013 |title=E.P. Thompson: Feminism, Gender, Women and History |url=https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/atc/4022.html |magazine=[[Against the Current (journal)|Against the Current]] |access-date=30 June 2020 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-date=1 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701154309/https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/atc/4022.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In a 2020 interview, Rowbotham acknowledged that "there was not a great deal of reference to women in ''The Making''... But at the time it seemed like there were a lot of references to women, because we had to read people like [[John H. Plumb|J. H. Plumb]] — history in which there were really absolutely no women at all", and suggested that Thompson limited his writing about women in deference to his wife, for whom women's history was a key area of research interest. Rowbotham did acknowledge that whilst they supported the emancipation of women, the Thompsons had mixed feelings about the contemporary second-wave feminist movement, regarding it as too middle class.<ref name=Jacobin>{{cite web|url=https://jacobinmag.com/2020/06/sheila-rowbotham-gabriel-winant-british-socialist-feminism|title=Sheila Rowbotham on E. P. Thompson, Feminism, and the 1960s|last1=Press|first1=Alex N.|last2=Winant|first2=Gabriel|date=29 June 2020|website=[[Jacobin (magazine)|Jacobin]]|access-date=30 June 2020|archive-date=2 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702120057/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/06/sheila-rowbotham-gabriel-winant-british-socialist-feminism|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Barbara Winslow]], who studied under Thompson and named him as "the most important academic influence on my life", similarly acknowledged that whilst "he was not politically sympathetic to the women's liberation movement, in part because he thought it was an American import, he was not hostile to women students or their feminist research agendas", and argued that early women's history in the 1960s primarily focused on "writing women into history", with more sophisticated feminist theoretical approaches only arriving later.<ref name=winslow /> [[Gareth Stedman Jones]] claimed that the conception of the role of experience in ''The Making of the English Working Class'' embodied the idea of a direct link between social being and [[social consciousness]], ignoring the importance of [[discourse]] as a means of mediating between the two, enabling people to develop a political understanding of the world and orientating them to political action. Marc Steinberg argued that Stedman Jones' interpretation of Thompson's perspective was "reductionist", with Thompson understanding the relationship between experience and consciousness as a "complex dialectical relationship".<ref name=Steinberg /> Wade Matthews argued in 2013: :Numerous books, special collections, and journal articles on E.P. Thompson's scholarly work and legacy appeared soon after his death in 1993. Since then, however, interest in Thompson has waned. The reasons for this are perhaps easily enough summarized. Today, Thompson's histories are viewed as old-fashioned, while his socialist politics are believed extinct. Class is considered neither a fruitful concept of historical analysis nor an appropriate basis for an emancipatory politics. Nuclear weapons proliferate, but no anti-nuclear movement grows up alongside their proliferation. Civil liberties are a minority, and increasingly "radical," interest in the age of the "war on terror." Internationalism, as ideology and practice, is the preserve of capital not labour. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, then, Thompson seems out of place. ...certainly part of his distinctiveness lay in his literary style and tone. But it also lay in the moral quality which undergirded his histories and his political interventions. Part of that quality was the "glimpses of other possibilities of human nature, other ways of behaving" that they gave us. In this way, as Stefan Collini has suggested, Thompson is perhaps more relevant than he ever was.<ref>Matthews, Wade "Remaking EP Thompson." ''Labour/Le Travail'' 72#1 (2013): 253-278, quote on pp 253-54 and 278. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/528393/summary online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202004616/https://muse.jhu.edu/article/528393/summary |date=2 February 2017 }}</ref> ==Personal life== In 1948 Thompson married [[Dorothy Thompson (historian)|Dorothy Towers]], whom he met at Cambridge.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Milner|first=Andrew|year=1993|title=E.P. Thompson 1924-1993|journal=Labour History|issue=65|pages=216–218|jstor=27509210}}</ref> A fellow left-wing historian, she wrote studies on women in the [[Chartism|Chartist]] movement, and the biography ''[[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]]: Gender and Power''; she was Professor of History at the [[University of Birmingham]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/dorothy-thompson-obituary|title=Dorothy Thompson obituary|last=Rowbotham|first=Sheila|date=6 February 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=22 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222160141/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/dorothy-thompson-obituary|url-status=live}}</ref> The Thompsons had three children, the youngest of whom is the award-winning children's writer, [[Kate Thompson (author)|Kate Thompson]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/01/featuresreviews.guardianreview19|title=The music of time|last=Eccleshare|first=Julia|date=30 September 2005|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=22 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155442/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/01/featuresreviews.guardianreview19|url-status=live}}</ref> After four years of declining health, Thompson died at his home in [[Upper Wick]], Worcestershire, on 28 August 1993, aged 69.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-e-p-thompson-1464255.html|title=Obituary: E. P. Thompson|last=Kaldor|first=Mary|date=30 August 1993|newspaper=The Independent|language=en-GB|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=22 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622161717/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-e-p-thompson-1464255.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/30/obituaries/e-p-thompson-69-british-leftist-scholar.html|title = E. P. Thompson, 69, British Leftist Scholar|page = B7|newspaper = [[The New York Times]]|agency = [[Associated Press]]|date = 30 August 1993|accessdate = 10 August 2022|url-access = limited}}</ref> ==Honours== A [[blue plaque]] to the Thompsons was erected by the [[Halifax Civic Trust]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.halifaxcivictrust.org/blueplaqueslist.html|title=List of Blue Plaques|publisher=Halifax Civic Trust|access-date=30 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430165856/http://www.halifaxcivictrust.org/blueplaqueslist.html|archive-date=30 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Selected works== * ''William Morris: Romantic to Revolutionary.'' London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1955. * "Socialist Humanism," ''The New Reasoner,'' vol. 1, no. 1 (Summer 1957), pp.&nbsp;105–143. * "The New Left," ''The New Reasoner,'' whole no. 9 (Summer 1959), pp.&nbsp;1–17. * ''[[The Making of the English Working Class]]'' London: Victor Gollancz (1963); 2nd edition with new postscript, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968, third edition with new preface 1980. * "Time, work-discipline and industrial capitalism." ''Past & Present,'' vol 38, no. 1 (1967), pp.&nbsp;56–97. * "The moral economy of the English crowd in the eighteenth century." ''Past & Present,'' vol. 50, no. 1 (1971), pp.&nbsp;76–136. * ''Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Black Act'', London: Allen Lane, 1975. * ''Albion's Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth Century England.'' (Editor.) London: Allen Lane, 1975. * ''The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays'', London: Merlin Press, 1978. * ''Writing by Candlelight'', London: Merlin Press, 1980. * ''Zero Option'', London: Merlin Press, 1982. * ''Double Exposure'', London: Merlin Press, 1985. * ''The Heavy Dancers'', London: Merlin Press, 1985. * ''The Sykaos Papers'', London: Bloomsbury, 1988. * ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=IX-4CgAAQBAJ&q=customs+in+common+thompson Customs in Common: Studies in Traditional Popular Culture]'', London: Merlin Press, 1991. * ''Witness Against the Beast: William Blake and the Moral Law'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. * ''Alien Homage: Edward Thompson and Rabindranath Tagore'', Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1993. * ''Making History: Writings on History and Culture'', New York: New Press, 1994. * ''Beyond the Frontier: The Politics of a Failed Mission, Bulgaria 1944'', Rendlesham: Merlin, 1997. * ''The Romantics: England in a Revolutionary Age'', Woodbridge: Merlin Press, 1997. * ''Collected Poems'', Newcastle upon Tyne: Bloodaxe, 1999. ==See also== * [[Communist Party Historians Group]] * ''[[New Reasoner|The New Reasoner]]'' * [[Postpositivism]] * [[Cultural studies]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== * {{cite book | last = Anderson | first = Perry | author-link = Perry Anderson | title = Arguments within English Marxism | publisher = Verso | location = London | year = 1980 | edition = 2nd | isbn = 9780860917274 }} * Berger, Stefan, and Christian Wicke. "‘… two monstrous antagonistic structures’: E. P. Thompson’s Marxist Historical Philosophy and Peace Activism during the Cold War." in ''Marxist Historical Cultures and Social Movements during the Cold War'' (Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2019) pp. 163-185. * Bess, M. D., "E. P. Thompson: the historian as activist", ''American Historical Review'', vol. 98 (1993), pp.&nbsp;19–38. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/98.1.19 * Best, Geoffrey, "''The Making of the English Working Class'' [review]", ''The Historical Journal'', vol. 8, no. 2 (1965), pp.&nbsp;271–81. * {{Cite journal | last = Blackburn | first = Robin | author-link = Robin Blackburn | title = Edward Thompson and the New Left | journal = New Left Review | volume = I | issue = 201 | pages = 3–25 | date = September–October 1993 | url = http://newleftreview.org/I/201/robin-blackburn-edward-thompson-and-the-new-left }} * Clevenger, Samuel M. "Culturalism, EP Thompson and the polemic in British cultural studies." ''Continuum'' 33.4 (2019): 489-500. * Davis, Madeleine; Morgan, Kevin, "'Causes that were lost'? Fifty years of E. P. Thompson's ''The Making of the English Working Class'' as contemporary history", ''Contemporary British History'', vol. 28, no. 4 (2014), pp.&nbsp;374–81. * Delius, Peter. "E.P. Thompson,‘social history’, and South African historiography, 1970–90." ''Journal of African History'' 58.1 (2017): 3-17. * Dworkin, Dennis, ''Cultural Marxism in Postwar Britain: History, the New Left, and the Origins of Cultural Studies'' (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997). * Eastwood, D., "History, politics and reputation: E. P. Thompson reconsidered", ''History'', vol. 85, no. 280 (2000), pp.&nbsp;634–54. * Efstathiou, Christos. "E.P. Thompson's concept of class formation and its political implications: Echoes of popular front radicalism in The making of the English working class." ''Contemporary British History'' 28.4 (2014): 404-421. * Efstathiou, Christos. "E.P. Thompson, the Early New Left and the Fife Socialist League." ''Labour History Review'' 81.1 (2016): 25-48. [https://www.academia.edu/download/54581465/E._P._Thompson__the_Early_New_Left_and_the_Fife_Socialist_League.pdf online]{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * Efstathiou, Christos. ''E.P. Thompson: A Twentieth Century Romantic'', (London: Merlin Press, 2015). {{ISBN|9780850367157}} * Epstein, James. "Among the Romantics: EP Thompson and the Poetics of Disenchantment." ''Journal of British Studies'' 56.2 (2017): 322-350. * Fieldhouse, Roger and Taylor, Richard (Eds.) (2014) ''E. P. Thompson and English Radicalism'', Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|9780719088216}} * Flewers, Paul. "E.P. Thompson’s Investigation of Stalinism: An Unrealised Project." ''Critique'' 45.4 (2017): 549-582. * Fuchs, Christian. "Revisiting the Althusser/EP Thompson-controversy: towards a Marxist theory of communication." ''Communication and the Public'' 4.1 (2019): 3-20 [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?output=instlink&q=info:zHTJWNvTDbUJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=1,27&as_ylo=2015&scillfp=15625467464271928&oi=lle online]. * Hall, Stuart, "Life and times of the first New Left", ''New Left Review'', 2nd series, vol. 59 (2010), 177–96. * Hempton, D., and Walsh, J., "E. P. Thompson and Methodism", in Mark A. Noll (ed.), ''God and Mammon: Protestants, Money and The Market, 1790–1860'' (Oxford University Press, 2002), pp.&nbsp;99–120. * {{Cite journal | last = Hobsbawm | first = Eric | author-link = Eric Hobsbawm | title = E. P. Thompson | journal = [[Radical History Review]] | volume = 1994 | issue = 58 | pages = 157–159 | doi = 10.1215/01636545-1994-58-157 | date =Winter 1994 }} * Hobsbawm, Eric, "Edward Palmer Thompson (1924–1993)", ''Proceedings of the British Academy'', vol. 90 (1996), pp.&nbsp;521–39. * Hyslop, Jonathan. "The Experience of War and the Making of a Historian: E.P. Thompson on Military Power, the Colonial Revolution and Nuclear Weapons." ''South African Historical Journal'' 68.3 (2016): 267-285 [https://www.academia.edu/download/55946962/Thompson_SAHJJ_2016.pdf online]{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. * {{cite journal | last = Johnson | first = Richard | title = Edward Thompson, Eugence Genovese and Socialist-humanist History | journal = History Workshop Journal | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 79–100 | doi = 10.1093/hwj/6.1.79 | date =Autumn 1978 }} * {{cite book | last = Kaye | first = Harvey J. | title = The British Marxist Historians | publisher = Polity Press | location = Cambridge | year = 1984 | isbn = 9780333662434 }} * {{cite book | editor-last1 = Kaye | editor-first1 = Harvey J. | editor-last2 = McClelland | editor-first2 = Keith | title = E.P. Thompson: Critical Perspectives | publisher = Polity Press | location = London | year = 1990 | isbn = 9780745602387 }} * Kenny, Michael. "E.P. Thompson: last of the English radicals?." ''Political Quarterly'' 88.4 (2017): 579-588. * Kenny, Michael, ''The First New Left: British Intellectuals after Stalin'' (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1995). [https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/265797/pol%20quarterly%20Kenny%20revised%2031_05_17.docx?sequence=1 online] * {{cite journal | first = Leszek | last = Kołakowski | author-link = Leszek Kołakowski | title = My correct views on everything: A rejoinder to Edward Thompson's 'Open letter to Leszek Kołakowski' | url = http://socialistregister.com/index.php/srv/article/view/5323 | journal = [[Socialist Register]] | volume = 11 | publisher = [[Monthly Review|Monthly Review Press]] | year = 1974 }} * {{cite news |last1=Litwak |first1=Howard |title=END Game: The European View - A Talk With E. P. Thompson |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_boston-phoenix_1981-04-28_10_17/page/n9/mode/1up |access-date=9 March 2024 |work=The Boston Phoenix |date=28 April 1981}} * {{cite book | last = Lynd | first = Staughton | title = Doing History from the Bottom Up: On E.P. Thompson, Howard Zinn, and Rebuilding the Labor Movement from Below | publisher = Haymarket Books | location = Chicago | year = 2014 | isbn = 9781608463886 }} * McCann, Gerard. ''Theory and History: The Political Thought of E. P. Thompson'' (Routledge, 2019). * McIlroy, John. "Another look at E. P. Thompson and British Communism, 1937–1955." ''Labor History'' 58.4 (2017): 506-539. [http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/23138/1/LH%20McIlroy%20on%20Thompson%20APA%20Final.pdf online] * McWilliam, Rohan, "Back to the future: E. P. Thompson, Eric Hobsbawm and the remaking of nineteenth-century British history", ''Social History'', vol. 39, no. 2 (2014), pp.&nbsp;149–59. * Matthews, Wade. "Remaking EP Thompson." ''Labour/Le Travail'' 72#1 (2013): 253–278, [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/528393/summary online] * {{citation | last = Merrill | first = Michael | contribution = Interview with E. P. Thompson | editor-last = Abelove | editor-first = H. | title = Visions of History | pages = 5–25 | publisher = [[Manchester University Press]] | location = Manchester, UK | year = 1984 | orig-year = 1976 | isbn = 9780394722009 | postscript = .}} * {{Cite journal | last = Merrill | first = Michael | title = E. P. Thompson: In Solidarity | journal = [[Radical History Review]] | volume = 1994 | issue = 58 | pages = 152–156 | doi = 10.1215/01636545-1994-58-153 | date =Winter 1994 }} * Millar, Kathleen M. "Introduction: Reading twenty-first-century capitalism through the lens of EP Thompson." ''Focaal'' 2015.73 (2015): 3-11 [https://www.berghahnjournals.com/downloadpdf/journals/focaal/2015/73/focaal730101.xml online]. * Palmer, Bryan D. "Paradox and polemic; argument and awkwardness: Reflections on E.P. Thompson." ''Contemporary British History'' 28.4 (2014): 382-403. * {{cite book | last = Palmer | first = Bryan D. | title = The Making of E. P. Thompson: Marxism, Humanism, and History | publisher = New Hogtown Press | location = Toronto, Canada | year = 1981 | isbn = 9780919940178 }} * {{cite book | last = Palmer | first = Bryan D. | title = E. P. Thompson: Objections and Oppositions | publisher = Verso | location = London | year = 1994 | isbn = 9781859840702 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/epthompsonobject0000palm }} * {{cite book | last1 = Rule | first1 = John G. | last2= Malcolmson | first2 = Robert W. | title = Protest and Survival: Essays for E. P. Thompson | publisher = Merlin | location = London | year = 1993 }} * Sandoica, Elena Hernández. "Still Reading Edward P. Thompson." ''Culture & History Digital Journal'' 6.1 (2017): e009-e009. [https://cultureandhistory.revistas.csic.es/index.php/cultureandhistory/article/download/117/398 online] * Scott, Joan Wallach, "Women in ''The Making of the English Working Class''", in Scott, Joan Wallach, ''Gender and the Politics of History'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988), pp.&nbsp;68–92. * Shenk, Timothy. "" I Am No Longer Answerable for Its Actions": EP Thompson After Moral Economy." ''Humanity: An International Journal of Human Rights, Humanitarianism, and Development'' 11.2 (2020): 241-246 [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/761024/summary excerpt]. * Steinberg, Marc W., "'A way of struggle': Reformations and affirmations of E. P. Thompson's class analysis in the light of postmodern theories of language", ''British Journal of Sociology'', vol. 48, no. 3 (1997), pp.&nbsp;471–492. * Taylor, Jonathan R. P. "There is A Spirit in Europe: A Memoir of Frank Thompson 80 Years on". Imprint Lulu. Brittunculi Records & Books. His first book and as first published by E. P. Thompson at Victor Gollancz: 1947 — the Fanfare Press London. This was a memoir to his older poet sibling 'Frank Thompson SOE' executed by fascists in Bulgaria: 1944. ISBN 9781304479525. * Todd, Selina, "Class, experience and Britain's twentieth century", ''Social History'', vol. 49, no. 4 (2014), pp.&nbsp;489–508. * del Valle Alcalá, Roberto. "A multitude of hopes: Humanism and subjectivity in E.P. Thompson and Antonio Negri" ''Culture, Theory and Critique'' 54.1 (2013): 74-87 [https://www.academia.edu/download/50422369/DelValleAlcala_Publication1.pdf online]{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. * {{Cite journal | last = Webb | first = W. L. | title = A Thoroughly English Dissident | journal = [[Radical History Review]] | volume = 1994 | issue = 58 | pages = 160–164 | doi = 10.1215/01636545-1994-58-160 | date =Winter 1994 }} * {{cite web | author=Stuart White|title=The dignity of dissent: E.P. Thompson and One Nation Labour | website=openDemocracy | date=2 August 2013 | url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/dignity-of-dissent-ep-thompson-and-one-nation-labour/ | ref={{sfnref|openDemocracy|2013}} | access-date=13 September 2024}} * Winant, Gabriel, et al. "Introduction: The Global E.P. Thompson." ''International Review of Social History'' 61.1 (2016): 1-9 [https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/46EF93385F6283B9F521F4C6EBB04359/S0020859016000067a.pdf/introduction_the_global_ep_thompson.pdf online]. ==External links== {{Wikiquote}} * [https://www.marxists.org/archive/thompson-ep/index.htm E. P. Thompson on marxists.org archive] * {{YouTube|MI7n7M6nAOA|E. P. Thompson in discussion with C. L. R. James, 1983}}. * {{YouTube|i3Rk-h9Ugd4|E. P. Thompson at the March 1977 SSRC Seminar on Models of Social Change}}. * [https://www.versobooks.com/en-gb/pages/ep-and-dorothy-thompson|E.P. and Dorothy Thompson, Family Website. Now hosted on the Verso Books website] * [https://www.andrewwhitehead.net/political-voices-ep-thompson.html E.P. Thompson talking to Andrew Whitehead in 1991 about his association with the Communist Party] * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Edward Palmer Thompson |sopt=t}} {{British New Left}} {{Historians of Europe|state=collapsed}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Thompson, Edward Palmer}} [[Category:1924 births]] [[Category:1993 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century English historians]] [[Category:20th-century English male writers]] [[Category:20th-century English novelists]] [[Category:20th-century English biographers]] [[Category:Academics of the University of Leeds]] [[Category:Academics of the University of Warwick]] [[Category:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge]] [[Category:Anti-Stalinist left]] [[Category:British Army personnel of World War II]] [[Category:British Army soldiers]] [[Category:British Marxist historians]] [[Category:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament activists]] [[Category:Communist Party Historians Group members]] [[Category:Communist Party of Great Britain members]] [[Category:English communists]] [[Category:English historians]] [[Category:English humanists]] [[Category:English male novelists]] [[Category:Historians of the British Isles]] [[Category:Labor historians]] [[Category:Male biographers]] [[Category:Marxist humanists]] [[Category:Marxist journalists]] [[Category:Marxist writers]] [[Category:Military personnel from Oxford]] [[Category:People educated at Kingswood School, Bath]] [[Category:People educated at The Dragon School]] [[Category:People from Malvern Hills District]] [[Category:The Nation (U.S. magazine) people]] [[Category:Writers from Oxford]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Abbr" title="Template:Abbr">Template:Abbr</a> (<a 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