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causation model</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: accident causation model"> <meta name="keywords" content="accident causation model"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="accident causation model"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17118</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: accident causation model</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17118</span> The Development of an Accident Causation Model Specific to Agriculture: The Irish Farm Accident Causation Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carolyn%20Scott">Carolyn Scott</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Nugent"> Rachel Nugent</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The agricultural industry in Ireland and worldwide is one of the most dangerous occupations with respect to occupational health and safety accidents and fatalities. Many accident causation models have been developed in safety research to understand the underlying and contributory factors that lead to the occurrence of an accident. Due to the uniqueness of the agricultural sector, current accident causation theories cannot be applied. This paper presents an accident causation model named the Irish Farm Accident Causation Model (IFACM) which has been specifically tailored to the needs of Irish farms. The IFACM is a theoretical and practical model of accident causation that arranges the causal factors into a graphic representation of originating, shaping, and contributory factors that lead to accidents when unsafe acts and conditions are created that are not rectified by control measures. Causes of farm accidents were assimilated by means of a thorough literature review and were collated to form a graphical representation of the underlying causes of a farm accident. The IFACM was validated retrospectively through case study analysis and peer review. Participants in the case study (n=10) identified causes that led to a farm accident in which they were involved. A root cause analysis was conducted to understand the contributory factors surrounding the farm accident, traced back to the ‘root cause’. Experts relevant to farm safety accident causation in the agricultural industry have peer reviewed the IFACM. The accident causation process is complex. Accident prevention requires a comprehensive understanding of this complex process because to prevent the occurrence of accidents, the causes of accidents must be known. There is little research on the key causes and contributory factors of unsafe behaviours and accidents on Irish farms. The focus of this research is to gain a deep understanding of the causality of accidents on Irish farms. The results suggest that the IFACM framework is helpful for the analysis of the causes of accidents within the agricultural industry in Ireland. The research also suggests that there may be international applicability if further research is carried out. Furthermore, significant learning can be obtained from considering the underlying causes of accidents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20safety" title="farm safety">farm safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20accidents" title=" farm accidents"> farm accidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causation" title=" accident causation"> accident causation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20cause%20analysis" title=" root cause analysis"> root cause analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156592/the-development-of-an-accident-causation-model-specific-to-agriculture-the-irish-farm-accident-causation-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17117</span> A Review of Literature on Theories of Construction Accident Causation Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Opeyemi%20Williams">Samuel Opeyemi Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razali%20Bin%20Adul%20Hamid"> Razali Bin Adul Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Misnan"> M. S. Misnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taki%20Eddine%20Seghier"> Taki Eddine Seghier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20I.%20Ajayi"> D. I. Ajayi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction sites are characterized with occupational risks. Review of literature on construction accidents reveals that a lot of theories have been propounded over the years by different theorists, coupled with multifarious models developed by different proponents at different times. Accidents are unplanned events that are prominent in construction sites, involving materials, objects and people with attendant damages, loses and injuries. Models were developed to investigate the causations of accident with the aim of preventing its occurrence. Though, some of these theories were criticized, most especially, the Heinrich Domino theory, being mostly faulted for placing much blame on operatives rather than the management. The purpose of this paper is to unravel the significant construction accident causation theories and models for the benefit of understanding of the theories, and consequently enabling construction stakeholders identify the possible potential hazards on construction sites, as all stakeholders have significant roles to play in preventing accident. Accidents are preventable; hence, understanding the risk factors of accident and the causation theories paves way for its prevention. However, findings reveal that still some gaps missing in the existing models, while it is recommended that further research can be made in order to develop more models in order to maintain zero accident on construction sites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domino%20theory" title="domino theory">domino theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20site" title=" construction site"> construction site</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20safety" title=" site safety"> site safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causation%20model" title=" accident causation model"> accident causation model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58837/a-review-of-literature-on-theories-of-construction-accident-causation-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17116</span> Eliminating Injury in the Work Place and Realizing Vision Zero Using Accident Investigation and Analysis as Method: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Kumar%20Behera">Ramesh Kumar Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Izhar%20Hassan"> Md. Izhar Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accident investigation and analysis are useful to identify deficiencies in plant, process, and management practices and formulate preventive strategies for injury elimination. In India and other parts of the world, industrial accidents are investigated to know the causes and also to fulfill legal compliances. However, findings of investigation are seldom used appropriately to strengthen Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in expected lines. The mineral rich state of Odisha in eastern coast of India; known as a hub for Iron and Steel industries, witnessed frequent accidents during 2005-2009. This article based on study of 982 fatal ‘factory-accidents’ occurred in Odisha during the period 2001-2016, discusses the ‘turnaround-story’ resulting in reduction of fatal accident from 122 in 2009 to 45 in 2016. This paper examines various factors causing incidents; accident pattern in steel and chemical sector; role of climate and harsh weather conditions on accident causation. Software such as R, SQL, MS-Excel and Tableau were used for analysis of data. It is found that maximum fatality is caused due to ‘fall from height’ (24%); steel industries are relatively more accident prone; harsh weather conditions of summer increase chances of accident by 20%. Further, the study suggests that enforcement of partial work-restriction around lunch time during peak summer, screening and training of employees reduce accidents due to fall from height. The study indicates that learning from accident investigation and analysis can be used as a method to reduce work related accidents in the journey towards ‘Vision Zero’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20investigation%20and%20analysis" title="accident investigation and analysis">accident investigation and analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatal%20accidents%20in%20India" title=" fatal accidents in India"> fatal accidents in India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fall%20from%20height" title=" fall from height"> fall from height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20zero" title=" vision zero"> vision zero</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96134/eliminating-injury-in-the-work-place-and-realizing-vision-zero-using-accident-investigation-and-analysis-as-method-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17115</span> Presenting a Model for Predicting the State of Being Accident-Prone of Passages According to Neural Network and Spatial Data Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamd%20Rezaeifar">Hamd Rezaeifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Reza%20Sahriari"> Hamid Reza Sahriari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accidents are considered to be one of the challenges of modern life. Due to the fact that the victims of this problem and also internal transportations are getting increased day by day in Iran, studying effective factors of accidents and identifying suitable models and parameters about this issue are absolutely essential. The main purpose of this research has been studying the factors and spatial data affecting accidents of Mashhad during 2007- 2008. In this paper it has been attempted to – through matching spatial layers on each other and finally by elaborating them with the place of accident – at the first step by adding landmarks of the accident and through adding especial fields regarding the existence or non-existence of effective phenomenon on accident, existing information banks of the accidents be completed and in the next step by means of data mining tools and analyzing by neural network, the relationship between these data be evaluated and a logical model be designed for predicting accident-prone spots with minimum error. The model of this article has a very accurate prediction in low-accident spots; yet it has more errors in accident-prone regions due to lack of primary data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title="accident">accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185355/presenting-a-model-for-predicting-the-state-of-being-accident-prone-of-passages-according-to-neural-network-and-spatial-data-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17114</span> A Concept for Design of Road Super-Elevation Based on Horizontal Radius, Vertical Gradient and Accident Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Chattaraj">U. Chattaraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Meena"> D. Meena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growth of traffic brings various negative effects, such as road accidents. To avoid such problems, a model is developed for the purpose of highway safety. In such areas, fuzzy logic is the most well-known simulation in the larger field. A model is accomplished for hilly and steep terrain based on Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), for which output is super elevation and input data is horizontal radius, vertical gradient, accident rate (AR). This result shows that the system can be efficaciously applied as for highway safety tool distinguishing hazards components correlated to the characteristics of the highway and has a great influence to the making of decision for accident precaution in transportation models. From this model, a positive relationship between geometric elements, accident rate, and super elevation is also identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20rate" title="accident rate">accident rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20inference%20system" title=" fuzzy inference system"> fuzzy inference system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gradient" title=" gradient"> gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radius" title=" radius"> radius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20elevation" title=" super elevation"> super elevation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97961/a-concept-for-design-of-road-super-elevation-based-on-horizontal-radius-vertical-gradient-and-accident-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17113</span> Using TRACE and SNAP Codes to Establish the Model of Maanshan PWR for SBO Accident</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20R.%20Shen">B. R. Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20F.%20Chang"> Y. F. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Huang"> Y. H. Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, TRACE code with the interface code-SNAP was used to simulate and analyze the SBO (station blackout) accident which occurred in Maanshan PWR (pressurized water reactor) nuclear power plant (NPP). There are four main steps in this research. First, the SBO accident data of Maanshan NPP were collected. Second, the TRACE/SNAP model of Maanshan NPP was established by using these data. Third, this TRACE/SNAP model was used to perform the simulation and analysis of SBO accident. Finally, the simulation and analysis of SBO with mitigation equipments was performed. The analysis results of TRACE are consistent with the data of Maanshan NPP. The mitigation equipments of Maanshan can maintain the safety of Maanshan in the SBO according to the TRACE predictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressurized%20water%20reactor%20%28PWR%29" title="pressurized water reactor (PWR)">pressurized water reactor (PWR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=station%20blackout%20%28SBO%29" title=" station blackout (SBO)"> station blackout (SBO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maanshan" title=" Maanshan"> Maanshan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99965/using-trace-and-snap-codes-to-establish-the-model-of-maanshan-pwr-for-sbo-accident" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17112</span> The Role of Speed Reduction Model in Urban Highways Tunnels Accidents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khashayar%20Kazemzadeh">Khashayar Kazemzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hanif%20Dasoomi"> Mohammad Hanif Dasoomi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the increasing travel demand in cities, bridges and tunnels are viewed as one of the fundamental components of cities transportation systems. Normally, due to geometric constraints forms in the tunnels, the considered speed in the tunnels is lower than the speed in connected highways. Therefore, drivers tend to reduce the speed near the entrance of the tunnels. In this paper, the effect of speed reduction on accident happened in the entrance of the tunnels has been discussed. The relation between accidents frequency and the parameters of speed, traffic volume and time of the accident in the mentioned tunnel has been analyzed and the mathematical model has been proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20highway" title="urban highway">urban highway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title=" accident"> accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunnel" title=" tunnel"> tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35901/the-role-of-speed-reduction-model-in-urban-highways-tunnels-accidents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17111</span> Applying Pre-Accident Observational Methods for Accident Assessment and Prediction at Intersections in Norrkoping City in Sweden</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazwan%20Al-Haji">Ghazwan Al-Haji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeyemi%20Adedokun"> Adeyemi Adedokun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traffic safety at intersections is highly represented, given the fact that accidents occur randomly in time and space. It is necessary to judge whether the intersection is dangerous or not based on short-term observations, and not waiting for many years of assessing historical accident data. There are active and pro-active road infrastructure safety methods for assessing safety at intersections. This study aims to investigate the use of quantitative and qualitative pre-observational methods as the best practice for accident prediction, future black spot identification, and treatment. Historical accident data from STRADA (the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) was used within Norrkoping city in Sweden. The ADT (Average Daily Traffic), capacity and speed were used to predict accident rates. Locations with the highest accident records and predicted accident counts were identified and hence audited qualitatively by using Street Audit. The results from these quantitative and qualitative methods were analyzed, validated and compared. The paper provides recommendations on the used methods as well as on how to reduce the accident occurrence at the chosen intersections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersections" title="intersections">intersections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20conflict" title=" traffic conflict"> traffic conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20safety" title=" traffic safety"> traffic safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20audit" title=" street audit"> street audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accidents%20predictions" title=" accidents predictions"> accidents predictions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75125/applying-pre-accident-observational-methods-for-accident-assessment-and-prediction-at-intersections-in-norrkoping-city-in-sweden" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17110</span> Location Detection of Vehicular Accident Using Global Navigation Satellite Systems/Inertial Measurement Units Navigator </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Navidi">Neda Navidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rene%20Jr.%20Landry"> Rene Jr. Landry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vehicle tracking and accident recognizing are considered by many industries like insurance and vehicle rental companies. The main goal of this paper is to detect the location of a car accident by combining different methods. The methods, which are considered in this paper, are Global Navigation Satellite Systems/Inertial Measurement Units (GNSS/IMU)-based navigation and vehicle accident detection algorithms. They are expressed by a set of raw measurements, which are obtained from a designed integrator black box using GNSS and inertial sensors. Another concern of this paper is the definition of accident detection algorithm based on its jerk to identify the position of that accident. In fact, the results convinced us that, even in GNSS blockage areas, the position of the accident could be detected by GNSS/INS integration with 50% improvement compared to GNSS stand alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20behavior%20monitoring" title="driver behavior monitoring">driver behavior monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMU" title=" IMU"> IMU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title=" GNSS"> GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking" title=" tracking"> tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72798/location-detection-of-vehicular-accident-using-global-navigation-satellite-systemsinertial-measurement-units-navigator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17109</span> Optimal Allocation of Multiple Emergency Resources for a Single Potential Accident Node: A Mixed Integer Linear Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongjian%20Du">Yongjian Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinhua%20Sun"> Jinhua Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20M.%20Liew"> Kim M. Liew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huahua%20Xiao"> Huahua Xiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optimal allocation of emergency resources before a disaster is of great importance for emergency response. In reality, the pre-protection for a single critical node where accidents may occur is common. In this study, a model is developed to determine location and inventory decisions of multiple emergency resources among a set of candidate stations to minimize the total cost based on the constraints of budgetary and capacity. The total cost includes the economic accident loss which is accorded with probability distribution of time and the warehousing cost of resources which is increasing over time. A ratio is set to measure the degree of a storage station only serving the target node that becomes larger with the decrease of the distance between them. For the application of linear program, it is assumed that the length of travel time to the accident scene of emergency resources has a linear relationship with the economic accident loss. A computational experiment is conducted to illustrate how the proposed model works, and the results indicate its effectiveness and practicability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20response" title="emergency response">emergency response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integer%20linear%20program" title=" integer linear program"> integer linear program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20emergency%20resources" title=" multiple emergency resources"> multiple emergency resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-allocation%20decisions" title=" pre-allocation decisions"> pre-allocation decisions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20potential%20accident%20node" title=" single potential accident node"> single potential accident node</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107564/optimal-allocation-of-multiple-emergency-resources-for-a-single-potential-accident-node-a-mixed-integer-linear-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17108</span> Railway Accidents: Using the Global Railway Accident Database and Evaluation for Risk Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathias%20Linden">Mathias Linden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Schneider"> André Schneider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harald%20F.%20O.%20von%20Korflesch"> Harald F. O. von Korflesch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The risk of train accidents is an ongoing concern for railway organizations, governments, insurance companies and other depended sectors. Safety technologies are installed to reduce and to prevent potential damages of train accidents. Since the budgetary for the safety of railway organizations is limited, it is necessary not only to achieve a high availability and high safety standard but also to be cost effective. Therefore, an economic assessment of safety technologies is fundamental to create an accurate risk analysis. In order to conduct an economical assessment of a railway safety technology and a quantification of the costs of the accident causes, the Global Railway Accident Database & Evaluation (GRADE) has been developed. The aim of this paper is to describe the structure of this accident database and to show how it can be used for risk analyses. A number of risk analysis methods, such as the probabilistic safety assessment method (PSA), was used to demonstrate this accident database’s different possibilities of risk analysis. In conclusion, it can be noted that these analyses would not be as accurate without GRADE. The information gathered in the accident database was not available in this way before. Our findings are relevant for railway operators, safety technology suppliers, assurances, governments and other concerned railway organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causes" title="accident causes">accident causes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20costs" title=" accident costs"> accident costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20database" title=" accident database"> accident database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20railway%20accident%20database%20%26%20evaluation" title=" global railway accident database & evaluation"> global railway accident database & evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GRADE" title=" GRADE"> GRADE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20safety%20assessment" title=" probabilistic safety assessment"> probabilistic safety assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSA" title=" PSA"> PSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20accidents" title=" railway accidents"> railway accidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20analysis" title=" risk analysis"> risk analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68572/railway-accidents-using-the-global-railway-accident-database-and-evaluation-for-risk-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17107</span> Using RASCAL Code to Analyze the Postulated UF6 Fire Accident </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20S.%20Hsu"> W. S. Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Chen"> S. H. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20F.%20Chang"> Y. F. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Huang"> Y. H. Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20R.%20Shen"> B. R. Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, the RASCAL code was used to simulate and analyze the postulated UF<sub>6</sub> fire accident which may occur in the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER). There are four main steps in this research. In the first step, the UF<sub>6</sub> data of INER were collected. In the second step, the RASCAL analysis methodology and model was established by using these data. Third, this RASCAL model was used to perform the simulation and analysis of the postulated UF<sub>6</sub> fire accident. Three cases were simulated and analyzed in this step. Finally, the analysis results of RASCAL were compared with the hazardous levels of the chemicals. According to the compared results of three cases, Case 3 has the maximum danger in human health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RASCAL" title="RASCAL">RASCAL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UF%E2%82%86" title=" UF₆"> UF₆</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20fluoride" title=" hydrogen fluoride"> hydrogen fluoride</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99919/using-rascal-code-to-analyze-the-postulated-uf6-fire-accident" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17106</span> Assessment of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System in Construction Accident Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakari%20Mustapha">Zakari Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clinton%20%20Aigbavboa"> Clinton Aigbavboa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wellington%20Didi%20Thwala"> Wellington Didi Thwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Majority of the incidents and accidents in complex high-risk systems that exist in the construction industry and other sectors have been attributed to unsafe acts of workers. The purpose of this paper was to asses Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in construction accident prevention. The study was conducted through the use of secondary data from journals, books and internet to achieve the objective of the study. The review of literature looked into details of different views from different scholars about HFACS framework in accidents investigations. It further highlighted on various sections or disciplines of accident occurrences in human performance within the construction. The findings from literature review showed that unsafe acts of a worker and unsafe working conditions are the two major causes of accident in the construction industry.Most significant factor in the cause of site accident in the construction industry is unsafe acts of a worker. The findings also show how the application of HFACS framework in the investigation of accident will lead to the identification of common trends. Further findings show that provision for the prevention of accident will be made based on past accident records to identify and prioritize where intervention is needed within the construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title="accident">accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HFACS" title=" HFACS"> HFACS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsafe%20acts" title=" unsafe acts"> unsafe acts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51509/assessment-of-human-factors-analysis-and-classification-system-in-construction-accident-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17105</span> The Influence of Trait of Personality, Stress and Driver Behavior on Road Accident among Bas Driver in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fikri">Fikri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozmi%20Ismail"> Rozmi Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatimah%20Wati%20Halim"> Fatimah Wati Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Waheeda"> Sarah Waheeda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of personality and driver behavior on road accident among bus driver who have the high risk behavior on road accident in Riau Province. The hypotheses proposed this research is there are has a significant influences of Treat of Personality and Driver Behavior among bus driver in Riau Province Indonesia. Subject participated in this research are 100 bus driver in Riau Province. This study using the purposive random sampling technique and quantitative design. The data is collected using the Big Five Personality questionnaires, Driver Behavior questionnaires and Road Accident Inventory. Research found that there are significant influence of personality and driver behavior on road accident among bus driver in Riau Province Indonesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title="personality">personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20behavior" title=" driver behavior"> driver behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driver%20stress" title=" driver stress"> driver stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20accident" title=" road accident"> road accident</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14832/the-influence-of-trait-of-personality-stress-and-driver-behavior-on-road-accident-among-bas-driver-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17104</span> Safety Analysis and Accident Modeling of Transportation in Srinagar City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinarayana%20Badveeti">Adinarayana Badveeti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shafi%20Mir"> Mohammad Shafi Mir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Srinagar city, in India, road safety is an important aspect that creates ecological balance and social well being. A road accident creates a situation that leaves behind distress, sorrow, and sufferings. Therefore identification of causes of road accidents becomes highly essential for adopting necessary preventive measures against a critical event. The damage created by road accidents to large extent is unrepairable and therefore needs attention to eradicate this continuously increasing trend of awful 'epidemic'. Road accident in India is among the highest in the world, with at least approximately 142.000 people killed each year on the road. Kashmir region is an ecologically sensitive place but lacks necessary facilities and infrastructure regarding road transportation, ultimately resulting in the critical event-road accidents creating a major problem for common people in the region. The objective of this project is to study the safety aspect of Srinagar City and also model the accidents with different aspect that causes accidents and also to suggest the possible remedies for lessening/eliminating the road accidents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title="road safety">road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20accident" title=" road accident"> road accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20infrastructure" title=" road infrastructure"> road infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20modeling" title=" accident modeling"> accident modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82507/safety-analysis-and-accident-modeling-of-transportation-in-srinagar-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17103</span> Combining the Deep Neural Network with the K-Means for Traffic Accident Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celso%20L.%20Fernando">Celso L. Fernando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshio%20Yoshii"> Toshio Yoshii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takahiro%20Tsubota"> Takahiro Tsubota</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the causes of a road accident and predicting their occurrence is key to preventing deaths and serious injuries from road accident events. Traditional statistical methods such as the Poisson and the Logistics regressions have been used to find the association of the traffic environmental factors with the accident occurred; recently, an artificial neural network, ANN, a computational technique that learns from historical data to make a more accurate prediction, has emerged. Although the ability to make accurate predictions, the ANN has difficulty dealing with highly unbalanced attribute patterns distribution in the training dataset; in such circumstances, the ANN treats the minority group as noise. However, in the real world data, the minority group is often the group of interest; e.g., in the road traffic accident data, the events of the accident are the group of interest. This study proposes a combination of the k-means with the ANN to improve the predictive ability of the neural network model by alleviating the effect of the unbalanced distribution of the attribute patterns in the training dataset. The results show that the proposed method improves the ability of the neural network to make a prediction on a highly unbalanced distributed attribute patterns dataset; however, on an even distributed attribute patterns dataset, the proposed method performs almost like a standard neural network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20risks%20estimation" title="accident risks estimation">accident risks estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-mean" title=" k-mean"> k-mean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148822/combining-the-deep-neural-network-with-the-k-means-for-traffic-accident-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17102</span> An Accidental Forecasting Modelling for Various Median Roads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pruethipong%20Xinghatiraj">Pruethipong Xinghatiraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajwanlop%20Kumpoopong"> Rajwanlop Kumpoopong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the current situation of road safety, Thailand has the world’s second-highest road fatality rate. Therefore, decreasing the road accidents in Thailand is a prime policy of the Thai government seeking to accomplish. One of the approaches to reduce the accident rate is to improve road environments to fit with the local behavior of the road users. The Department of Highways ensures that choosing the road median types right to the road characteristics, e.g. roadside characteristics, traffic volume, truck traffic percentage, etc., can decrease the possibility of accident occurrence. Presently, raised median, depressed median, painted median and median barriers are typically used in Thailand Highways. In this study, factors affecting road accident for each median type will be discovered through the analysis of the collecting of accident data, death numbers on sample of 600 Kilometers length across the country together with its roadside characteristics, traffic volume, heavy vehicles percentage, and other key factors. The benefits of this study can assist the Highway designers to select type of road medians that can match local environments and then cause less accident prone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highways" title="highways">highways</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20median" title=" road median"> road median</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting%20model" title=" forecasting model"> forecasting model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62698/an-accidental-forecasting-modelling-for-various-median-roads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17101</span> The Process of Crisis: Model of Its Development in the Organization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Miku%C5%A1ov%C3%A1">M. Mikušová</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main aim of this paper is to present a clear and comprehensive picture of the process of a crisis in the organization which will help to better understand its possible developments. For a description of the sequence of individual steps and an indication of their causation and possible variants of the developments, a detailed flow diagram with verbal comment is applied. For simplicity, the process of the crisis is observed in four basic phases called: symptoms of the crisis, diagnosis, action and prevention. The model highlights the complexity of the phenomenon of the crisis and that the various phases of the crisis are interweaving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis" title="crisis">crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization" title=" organization"> organization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60100/the-process-of-crisis-model-of-its-development-in-the-organization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17100</span> High Temperature Creep Analysis for Lower Head of Reactor Pressure Vessel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongchuan%20Su">Dongchuan Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Xie"> Hai Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naibin%20Jiang"> Naibin Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under severe accident cases, the nuclear reactor core may meltdown inside the lower head of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). Retaining the melt pool inside the RPV is an important strategy of severe accident management. During this process, the inner wall of the lower head will be heated to high temperature of a thousand centigrade, and the outer wall is immersed in a large amount of cooling water. The material of the lower head will have serious creep damage under the high temperature and the temperature difference, and this produces a great threat to the integrity of the RPV. In this paper, the ANSYS program is employed to build the finite element method (FEM) model of the lower head, the creep phenomena is simulated under the severe accident case, the time dependent strain and stress distribution is obtained, the creep damage of the lower head is investigated, the integrity of the RPV is evaluated and the theoretical basis is provided for the optimized design and safety assessment of the RPV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20accident" title="severe accident">severe accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20head%20of%20RPV" title=" lower head of RPV"> lower head of RPV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53511/high-temperature-creep-analysis-for-lower-head-of-reactor-pressure-vessel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17099</span> The Non-Stationary BINARMA(1,1) Process with Poisson Innovations: An Application on Accident Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sunecher">Y. Sunecher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mamode%20Khan"> N. Mamode Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Jowaheer"> V. Jowaheer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper considers the modelling of a non-stationary bivariate integer-valued autoregressive moving average of order one (BINARMA(1,1)) with correlated Poisson innovations. The BINARMA(1,1) model is specified using the binomial thinning operator and by assuming that the cross-correlation between the two series is induced by the innovation terms only. Based on these assumptions, the non-stationary marginal and joint moments of the BINARMA(1,1) are derived iteratively by using some initial stationary moments. As regards to the estimation of parameters of the proposed model, the conditional maximum likelihood (CML) estimation method is derived based on thinning and convolution properties. The forecasting equations of the BINARMA(1,1) model are also derived. A simulation study is also proposed where BINARMA(1,1) count data are generated using a multivariate Poisson R code for the innovation terms. The performance of the BINARMA(1,1) model is then assessed through a simulation experiment and the mean estimates of the model parameters obtained are all efficient, based on their standard errors. The proposed model is then used to analyse a real-life accident data on the motorway in Mauritius, based on some covariates: policemen, daily patrol, speed cameras, traffic lights and roundabouts. The BINARMA(1,1) model is applied on the accident data and the CML estimates clearly indicate a significant impact of the covariates on the number of accidents on the motorway in Mauritius. The forecasting equations also provide reliable one-step ahead forecasts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-stationary" title="non-stationary">non-stationary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BINARMA%281" title=" BINARMA(1"> BINARMA(1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1%29%20model" title="1) model">1) model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poisson%20innovations" title=" Poisson innovations"> Poisson innovations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20maximum%20likelihood" title=" conditional maximum likelihood"> conditional maximum likelihood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CML" title=" CML"> CML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111498/the-non-stationary-binarma11-process-with-poisson-innovations-an-application-on-accident-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17098</span> Development of a Multi-Factorial Instrument for Accident Analysis Based on Systemic Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20V.%20Pietreanu">C. V. Pietreanu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20E.%20Zaharia"> S. E. Zaharia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Dinu"> C. Dinu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research is built on three major pillars, commencing by making some considerations on accident investigation methods and pointing out both defining aspects and differences between linear and non-linear analysis. The traditional linear focus on accident analysis describes accidents as a sequence of events, while the latest systemic models outline interdependencies between different factors and define the processes evolution related to a specific (normal) situation. Linear and non-linear accident analysis methods have specific limitations, so the second point of interest is mirrored by the aim to discover the drawbacks of systemic models which becomes a starting point for developing new directions to identify risks or data closer to the cause of incidents/accidents. Since communication represents a critical issue in the interaction of human factor and has been proved to be the answer of the problems made by possible breakdowns in different communication procedures, from this focus point, on the third pylon a new error-modeling instrument suitable for risk assessment/accident analysis will be elaborated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20analysis" title="accident analysis">accident analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-factorial%20error%20modeling" title=" multi-factorial error modeling"> multi-factorial error modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20methods" title=" systemic methods"> systemic methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86627/development-of-a-multi-factorial-instrument-for-accident-analysis-based-on-systemic-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17097</span> A Study on Accident Result Contribution of Individual Major Variables Using Multi-Body System of Accident Reconstruction Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donghun%20Jeong">Donghun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somyoung%20Shin"> Somyoung Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeoil%20Yun"> Yeoil Yun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A large-scale traffic accident refers to an accident in which more than three people die or more than thirty people are dead or injured. In order to prevent a large-scale traffic accident from causing a big loss of lives or establish effective improvement measures, it is important to analyze accident situations in-depth and understand the effects of major accident variables on an accident. This study aims to analyze the contribution of individual accident variables to accident results, based on the accurate reconstruction of traffic accidents using PC-Crash’s Multi-Body, which is an accident reconstruction program, and simulation of each scenario. Multi-Body system of PC-Crash accident reconstruction program is used for multi-body accident reconstruction that shows motions in diverse directions that were not approached previously. MB System is to design and reproduce a form of body, which shows realistic motions, using several bodies. Targeting the 'freight truck cargo drop accident around the Changwon Tunnel' that happened in November 2017, this study conducted a simulation of the freight truck cargo drop accident and analyzed the contribution of individual accident majors. Then on the basis of the driving speed, cargo load, and stacking method, six scenarios were devised. The simulation analysis result displayed that the freight car was driven at a speed of 118km/h(speed limit: 70km/h) right before the accident, carried 196 oil containers with a weight of 7,880kg (maximum load: 4,600kg) and was not fully equipped with anchoring equipment that could prevent a drop of cargo. The vehicle speed, cargo load, and cargo anchoring equipment were major accident variables, and the accident contribution analysis results of individual variables are as follows. When the freight car only obeyed the speed limit, the scattering distance of oil containers decreased by 15%, and the number of dropped oil containers decreased by 39%. When the freight car only obeyed the cargo load, the scattering distance of oil containers decreased by 5%, and the number of dropped oil containers decreased by 34%. When the freight car obeyed both the speed limit and cargo load, the scattering distance of oil containers fell by 38%, and the number of dropped oil containers fell by 64%. The analysis result of each scenario revealed that the overspeed and excessive cargo load of the freight car contributed to the dispersion of accident damage; in the case of a truck, which did not allow a fall of cargo, there was a different type of accident when driven too fast and carrying excessive cargo load, and when the freight car obeyed the speed limit and cargo load, there was the lowest possibility of causing an accident. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20reconstruction" title="accident reconstruction">accident reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large-scale%20traffic%20accident" title=" large-scale traffic accident"> large-scale traffic accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PC-Crash" title=" PC-Crash"> PC-Crash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MB%20system" title=" MB system"> MB system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139043/a-study-on-accident-result-contribution-of-individual-major-variables-using-multi-body-system-of-accident-reconstruction-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17096</span> The SBO/LOCA Analysis of TRACE/SNAP for Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is located on the northern coast of Taiwan. Its nuclear steam supply system is a type of BWR/6 designed and built by General Electric on a twin unit concept. First, the methodology of Kuosheng NPP SPU (Stretch Power Uprate) safety analysis TRACE/SNAP model was developed in this research. Then, in order to estimate the safety of Kuosheng NPP under the more severe condition, the SBO (Station Blackout) + LOCA (Loss-of-Coolant Accident) transient analysis of Kuosheng NPP SPU TRACE/SNAP model was performed. Besides, the animation model of Kuosheng NPP was presented using the animation function of SNAP with TRACE/SNAP analysis results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20analysis" title=" safety analysis"> safety analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BWR%2F6" title=" BWR/6"> BWR/6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20accident" title=" severe accident"> severe accident</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12387/the-sboloca-analysis-of-tracesnap-for-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">714</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17095</span> Effectiveness and Efficiency of Unified Philippines Accident Reporting and Database System in Optimizing Road Crash Data Usage with Various Stakeholders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Arian%20Far">Farhad Arian Far</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjanette%20Q.%20Eleazar"> Anjanette Q. Eleazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Aldrine%20A.%20Uy"> Francis Aldrine A. Uy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Joyce%20Anne%20V.%20Uy"> Mary Joyce Anne V. Uy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Unified Philippine Accident Reporting and Database System (UPARDS), is a newly developed system by Dr. Francis Aldrine Uy of the Mapua Institute of Technology. The main purpose is to provide an advanced road accident investigation tool, record keeping and analysis system for stakeholders such as Philippine National Police (PNP), Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA), Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Department of Health (DOH), and insurance companies. The system is composed of 2 components, the mobile application for road accident investigators that takes advantage of available technology to advance data gathering and the web application that integrates all accident data for the use of all stakeholders. The researchers with the cooperation of PNP’s Vehicle Traffic Investigation Sector of the City of Manila, conducted the field-testing of the application in fifteen (15) accident cases. Simultaneously, the researchers also distributed surveys to PNP, Manila Doctors Hospital, and Charter Ping An Insurance Company to gather their insights regarding the web application. The survey was designed on information systems theory called Technology Acceptance Model. The results of the surveys revealed that the respondents were greatly satisfied with the visualization and functions of the applications as it proved to be effective and far more efficient in comparison with the conventional pen-and-paper method. In conclusion, the pilot study was able to address the need for improvement of the current system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title="accident">accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database" title=" database"> database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigation" title=" investigation"> investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pilot%20testing" title=" pilot testing"> pilot testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74183/effectiveness-and-efficiency-of-unified-philippines-accident-reporting-and-database-system-in-optimizing-road-crash-data-usage-with-various-stakeholders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17094</span> Casusation and Criminal Responsibility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20Schmidt">László Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> “Post hoc ergo propter hoc” means after it, therefore because of it. In other words: If event Y followed event X, then event Y must have been caused by event X. The question of causation has long been a central theme in philosophical thought, and many different theories have been put forward. However, causality is an essentially contested concept (ECC), as it has no universally accepted definition and is used differently in everyday, scientific, and legal thinking. In the field of law, the question of causality arises mainly in the context of establishing legal liability: in criminal law and in the rules of civil law on liability for damages arising either from breach of contract or from tort. In the study some philosophical theories of causality will be presented and how these theories correlate with legal causality. It’s quite interesting when philosophical abstractions meet the pragmatic demands of jurisprudence. In Hungarian criminal judicial practice the principle of equivalence of conditions is the generally accepted and applicable standard of causation, where all necessary conditions are considered equivalent and thus a cause. The idea is that without the trigger, the subsequent outcome would not have occurred; all the conditions that led to the subsequent outcome are equivalent. In the case where the trigger that led to the result is accompanied by an additional intervening cause, including an accidental one, independent of the perpetrator, the causal link is not broken, but at most the causal link becomes looser. The importance of the intervening causes in the outcome should be given due weight in the imposition of the sentence. According to court practice if the conduct of the offender sets in motion the causal process which led to the result, it does not exclude his criminal liability and does not interrupt the causal process if other factors, such as the victim's illness, may have contributed to it. The concausa does not break the chain of causation, i.e. the existence of a causal link establish the criminal liability of the offender. Courts also adjudicates that if an act is a cause of the result if the act cannot be omitted without the result being omitted. This essentially assumes a hypothetical elimination procedure, i.e. the act must be omitted in thought and then examined to see whether the result would still occur or whether it would be omitted. On the substantive side, the essential condition for establishing the offence is that the result must be demonstrably connected with the activity committed. The provision on the assessment of the facts beyond reasonable doubt must also apply to the causal link: that is to say, the uncertainty of the causal link between the conduct and the result of the offence precludes the perpetrator from being held liable for the result. Sometimes, however, the courts do not specify in the reasons for their judgments what standard of causation they apply, i.e. on what basis they establish the existence of (legal) causation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causation" title="causation">causation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungarian%20criminal%20law" title=" Hungarian criminal law"> Hungarian criminal law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=responsibility" title=" responsibility"> responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy%20of%20law" title=" philosophy of law"> philosophy of law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187343/casusation-and-criminal-responsibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17093</span> Identifying Key Factors for Accidents’ Severity at Rail-Road Level Crossings Using Ordered Probit Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arefeh%20Lotfi">Arefeh Lotfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Babaei"> Mahdi Babaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayda%20Mashhadizadeh"> Ayda Mashhadizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Nikpour"> Samira Nikpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Bagheri"> Morteza Bagheri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this study is to investigate the key factors in accidents’ severity at rail-road level crossings. The data required for this study is obtained from both accident and inventory database of Iran Railways during 2009-2015. The Ordered Probit model is developed using SPSS software to identify the significant factors in the accident severity at rail-road level crossings. The results show that 'train speed', 'vehicle type' and 'weather' are the most important factors affecting the severity of the accident. The results of these studies assist to allocate resources in the right place. This paper suggests mandating the regulations to reduce train speed at rail-road level crossings in bad weather conditions to improve the safety of rail-road level crossings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail-road%20level%20crossing" title="rail-road level crossing">rail-road level crossing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordered%20probit%20model" title=" ordered probit model"> ordered probit model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accidents%E2%80%99%20severity" title=" accidents’ severity"> accidents’ severity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=significant%20factors" title=" significant factors"> significant factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127904/identifying-key-factors-for-accidents-severity-at-rail-road-level-crossings-using-ordered-probit-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17092</span> Effects of the Visual and Auditory Stimuli with Emotional Content on Eyewitness Testimony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0rem%20Bulut">İrem Bulut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Z.%20%20S%C3%B6y%C3%BCk"> Mustafa Z. Söyük</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ertu%C4%9Frul%20Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n"> Ertuğrul Yalçın</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simge%20%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fman-Bal"> Simge Şişman-Bal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eyewitness testimony is one of the most frequently used methods in criminal cases for the determination of crime and perpetrator. In the literature, the number of studies about the reliability of eyewitness testimony is increasing. The study aims to reveal the factors that affect the short-term and long-term visual memory performance of the participants in the event of an accident. In this context, the effect of the emotional content of the accident and the sounds during the accident on visual memory performance was investigated with eye-tracking. According to the results, the presence of visual and auditory stimuli with emotional content during the accident decreases the participants' both short-term and long-term recall performance. Moreover, the data obtained from the eye monitoring device showed that the participants had difficulty in answering even the questions they focused on at the time of the accident. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye%20tracking" title="eye tracking">eye tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eyewitness%20testimony" title=" eyewitness testimony"> eyewitness testimony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20recall" title=" long-term recall"> long-term recall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-term%20recall" title=" short-term recall"> short-term recall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20memory" title=" visual memory"> visual memory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115650/effects-of-the-visual-and-auditory-stimuli-with-emotional-content-on-eyewitness-testimony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17091</span> Integrating Deterministic and Probabilistic Safety Assessment to Decrease Risk & Energy Consumption in a Typical PWR</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Ghanbari">Ebrahim Ghanbari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Nematollahi"> Mohammad Reza Nematollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integrating deterministic and probabilistic safety assessment (IDPSA) is one of the most commonly used issues in the field of safety analysis of power plant accident. It has also been recognized today that the role of human error in creating these accidents is not less than systemic errors, so the human interference and system errors in fault and event sequences are necessary. The integration of these analytical topics will be reflected in the frequency of core damage and also the study of the use of water resources in an accident such as the loss of all electrical power of the plant. In this regard, the SBO accident was simulated for the pressurized water reactor in the deterministic analysis issue, and by analyzing the operator's behavior in controlling the accident, the results of the combination of deterministic and probabilistic assessment were identified. The results showed that the best performance of the plant operator would reduce the risk of an accident by 10%, as well as a decrease of 6.82 liters/second of the water sources of the plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDPSA" title="IDPSA">IDPSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20error" title=" human error"> human error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SBO" title=" SBO"> SBO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126612/integrating-deterministic-and-probabilistic-safety-assessment-to-decrease-risk-energy-consumption-in-a-typical-pwr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17090</span> Study and Analysis of the Factors Affecting Road Safety Using Decision Tree Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naina%20Mahajan">Naina Mahajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bikram%20Pal%20Kaur"> Bikram Pal Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of traffic accident analysis is to find the possible causes of an accident. Road accidents cannot be totally prevented but by suitable traffic engineering and management the accident rate can be reduced to a certain extent. This paper discusses the classification techniques C4.5 and ID3 using the WEKA Data mining tool. These techniques use on the NH (National highway) dataset. With the C4.5 and ID3 technique it gives best results and high accuracy with less computation time and error rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C4.5" title="C4.5">C4.5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ID3" title=" ID3"> ID3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NH%28National%20highway%29" title=" NH(National highway)"> NH(National highway)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WEKA%20data%20mining%20tool" title=" WEKA data mining tool"> WEKA data mining tool</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43704/study-and-analysis-of-the-factors-affecting-road-safety-using-decision-tree-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17089</span> Road Accident Blackspot Analysis: Development of Decision Criteria for Accident Blackspot Safety Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tania%20Viju">Tania Viju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bimal%20P."> Bimal P.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseer%20M.%20A."> Naseer M. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to develop a conceptual framework for the decision support system (DSS), that helps the decision-makers to dynamically choose appropriate safety measures for each identified accident blackspot. An accident blackspot is a segment of road where the frequency of accident occurrence is disproportionately greater than other sections on roadways. According to a report by the World Bank, India accounts for the highest, that is, eleven percent of the global death in road accidents with just one percent of the world’s vehicles. Hence in 2015, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways of India gave prime importance to the rectification of accident blackspots. To enhance road traffic safety and reduce the traffic accident rate, effectively identifying and rectifying accident blackspots is of great importance. This study helps to understand and evaluate the existing methods in accident blackspot identification and prediction that are used around the world and their application in Indian roadways. The decision support system, with the help of IoT, ICT and smart systems, acts as a management and planning tool for the government for employing efficient and cost-effective rectification strategies. In order to develop a decision criterion, several factors in terms of quantitative as well as qualitative data that influence the safety conditions of the road are analyzed. Factors include past accident severity data, occurrence time, light, weather and road conditions, visibility, driver conditions, junction type, land use, road markings and signs, road geometry, etc. The framework conceptualizes decision-making by classifying blackspot stretches based on factors like accident occurrence time, different climatic and road conditions and suggesting mitigation measures based on these identified factors. The decision support system will help the public administration dynamically manage and plan the necessary safety interventions required to enhance the safety of the road network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20system" title="decision support system">decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20management" title=" dynamic management"> dynamic management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20accident%20blackspots" title=" road accident blackspots"> road accident blackspots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146154/road-accident-blackspot-analysis-development-of-decision-criteria-for-accident-blackspot-safety-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causation%20model&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causation%20model&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20causation%20model&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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