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vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eksempel:_Tidlig_bærbar_computer_vs._en_moderne_smartphone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksempel:_Tidlig_bærbar_computer_vs._en_moderne_smartphone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Eksempel: Tidlig bærbar computer vs. en moderne smartphone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksempel:_Tidlig_bærbar_computer_vs._en_moderne_smartphone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moores_1._lov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moores_1._lov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Moores 1. lov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moores_1._lov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moores_2._lov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moores_2._lov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Moores 2. lov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moores_2._lov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konsekvenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konsekvenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Konsekvenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konsekvenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Moores lov</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 59 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore_se_wet" title="Moore se wet – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Moore se wet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="قانون مور – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قانون مور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llei_de_Moore" title="Llei de Moore – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llei de Moore" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mur_qanunu" title="Mur qanunu – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mur qanunu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80" title="Закон на Мур – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Закон на Мур" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="মুরের সূত্র – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুরের সূত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooreov_zakon" title="Mooreov zakon – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mooreov zakon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llei_de_Moore" title="Llei de Moore – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llei de Moore" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moor%C5%AFv_z%C3%A1kon" title="Moorův zákon – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Moorův zákon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooresches_Gesetz" title="Mooresches Gesetz – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mooresches Gesetz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81" title="Νόμος του Μουρ – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νόμος του Μουρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Moore's law" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C4%9Do_de_Moore" title="Leĝo de Moore – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leĝo de Moore" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_Moore" title="Ley de Moore – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ley de Moore" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27i_seadus" title="Moore'i seadus – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Moore'i seadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooreren_legea" title="Mooreren legea – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mooreren legea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="قانون مور – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قانون مور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooren_laki" title="Mooren laki – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mooren laki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loi_de_Moore" title="Loi de Moore – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Loi de Moore" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dl%C3%AD_Moore" title="Dlí Moore – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dlí Moore" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei_de_Moore" title="Lei de Moore – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lei de Moore" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A7_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8" title="חוק מור – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוק מור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooreov_zakon" title="Mooreov zakon – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mooreov zakon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore-t%C3%B6rv%C3%A9ny" title="Moore-törvény – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Moore-törvény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%85%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Մուրի օրենք – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուրի օրենք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Moore's law" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6gm%C3%A1l_Moores" title="Lögmál Moores – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lögmál Moores" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legge_di_Moore" title="Legge di Moore – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legge di Moore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87" title="ムーアの法則 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムーアの法則" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EC%96%B4%EC%9D%98_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="무어의 법칙 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무어의 법칙" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_Mooriana" title="Lex Mooriana – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lex Mooriana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legg_de_Moore" title="Legg de Moore – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Legg de Moore" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%ABra_likums" title="Mūra likums – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mūra likums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Муров закон – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Муров закон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82" title="മൂർ നിയമം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൂർ നിയമം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Мурын хууль – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мурын хууль" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_van_Moore" title="Wet van Moore – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wet van Moore" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moores_lov" title="Moores lov – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Moores lov" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prawo_Moore%E2%80%99a" title="Prawo Moore’a – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prawo Moore’a" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="د مور قانون – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د مور قانون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei_de_Moore" title="Lei de Moore – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lei de Moore" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legea_lui_Moore" title="Legea lui Moore – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Legea lui Moore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Закон Мура – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Закон Мура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Moore's law" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorov_z%C3%A1kon" title="Moorov zákon – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Moorov zákon" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorov_zakon" title="Moorov zakon – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Moorov zakon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Муров закон – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Муров закон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moores_lag" title="Moores lag – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Moores lag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><p><b>Moores lov</b> er navnet på to love opkaldt efter <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a>. Moores første lov siger, at antallet af <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistorer</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_komponent" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrisk komponent">komponenter</a>, vil fordobles hver 18. måned i et kredsløb. </p><p>Moores anden lov siger at omkostningerne til etableringen af fabrikker, der fremstiller <a href="/wiki/Halvleder-mikrochip" title="Halvleder-mikrochip">halvleder-mikrochips</a>, fordobles hvert fjerde år. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historie"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I 1959 diskuterede Douglas Engelbart den forventede nedskalering af størrelsen af integrerede kredsløb (IC) i artiklen "Microelectronics, and the Art of Similitude". Engelbart præsenterede sine ideer på The International Solid-State Circuits Conference i 1960, hvor <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a> var til stede i publikum. </p><p>Samme år opfandt Mohamed Atalla og Dawon Kahng <a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a>'en (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), også kendt som MOS-<a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistoren</a>, på <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a>. MOSFET'en var den første virkelig kompakte transistor, der kunne miniaturiseres og masseproduceres til en lang række anvendelsesformål, idet dens høje skalerbarhed og lave strømforbrug resulterede i en højere transistortæthed og gjorde det muligt at bygge IC-chips med høj tæthedsgrad. I begyndelsen af 1960'erne erkendte Gordon E. Moore, at MOSFET-enhedernes ideelle elektriske og skaleringsmæssige egenskaber ville føre til hurtigt stigende integrationsniveauer og en uovertruffen vækst inden for elektroniske anvendelser. </p><p>I 1965 blev Gordon Moore, der på det tidspunkt arbejdede som direktør for forskning og udvikling hos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fairchild_Semiconductor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fairchild Semiconductor (ikke skrevet endnu)">Fairchild Semiconductor</a>, bedt om at bidrage til det 35 års jubilæumsnummer af magasinet Electronics med en forudsigelse om fremtiden for <a href="/wiki/Halvleder" title="Halvleder">halvlederkomponentindustrien</a> i løbet af de næste ti år. Hans svar var en kort artikel med titlen "Cramming more components onto integrated circuits". I sin artikel spekulerede han i, at det i 1975 ville være muligt at have op til 65.000 komponenter på en enkelt halvleder på en kvart kvadratcentimeter. </p><p>Kompleksiteten med hensyn til minimale komponentomkostninger er steget med en faktor to om året. På kort sigt kan denne hastighed forventes at fortsætte, hvis ikke at stige. På længere sigt er stigningstakten lidt mere usikker, selv om der ikke er nogen grund til at tro, at den ikke vil forblive næsten konstant i mindst 10 år. </p><p>Moore postulerede et log-lineært forhold mellem enhedskompleksitet (højere kredsløbstæthed til lavere omkostninger) og tid. I et interview fra 2015 bemærkede Moore om artiklen fra 1965: "... jeg lavede bare en vild ekstrapolation og sagde, at det vil fortsætte med at fordobles hvert år i de næste 10 år.".<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden december 2021)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>I 1974 erkendte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_H._Dennard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert H. Dennard (ikke skrevet endnu)">Robert H. Dennard</a> hos <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> den hurtige MOSFET-skalerings teknologi og formulerede det, der blev kendt som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennard-skalering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennard-skalering (ikke skrevet endnu)">Dennard-skaleringen</a>, som beskriver, at når MOS-transistorerne bliver mindre, forbliver deres effekttæthed konstant, således at strømforbruget forbliver proportionalt med arealet. MOSFET-skaleringen og miniaturiseringen har været de vigtigste drivkræfter bag Moores lov. Beviser fra halvlederindustrien viser, at denne omvendte sammenhæng mellem effekttæthed og arealtæthed brød sammen i midten af 2000'erne. </p><p>På IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting i 1975 reviderede Moore sin prognosetempo, og forudsagde, at halvlederkompleksiteten fortsat ville fordobles årligt indtil omkring 1980, hvorefter den ville falde til en fordobling ca. hvert andet år. Han skitserede flere faktorer, der bidrog til denne eksponentielle adfærd: </p> <ul><li>Fremkomsten af metaloxid-halvlederteknologi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=MOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOS (ikke skrevet endnu)">MOS</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li>Den eksponentielle stigningstakt i die-størrelser, kombineret med et fald i defekttætheden, med det resultat, at halvlederproducenterne kunne arbejde med større områder uden at miste reduktionsudbyttet</li> <li>Finere minimumsdimensioner</li> <li>Det, som Moore kaldte "kredsløbs- og enhedsklogskab"</li></ul> <p>Kort efter 1975 populariserede <a href="/wiki/Caltech" class="mw-redirect" title="Caltech">Caltech</a>-professor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carver_Mead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carver Mead (ikke skrevet endnu)">Carver Mead</a> udtrykket "Moores lov". Moores lov blev efterhånden bredt accepteret som et mål for halvlederindustrien, og den blev citeret af konkurrerende halvlederproducenter, da de stræbte efter at øge processorkraften. Moore betragtede sin eponyme lov som overraskende og optimistisk: "Moores lov er en overtrædelse af Murphys lov. Alt bliver bedre og bedre." Observationen blev endda set som en <a href="/wiki/Selvopfyldende_profeti" title="Selvopfyldende profeti">selvopfyldende profeti</a>.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden december 2021)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Fordoblingsperioden er ofte<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden december 2021)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> fejlagtigt citeret som 18 måneder på grund af en forudsigelse fra Moores kollega, Intel-chefen David House.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden december 2021)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> I 1975 bemærkede House, at Moores reviderede lov om fordobling af antallet af transistorer hvert andet år til gengæld indebar, at computerchips ydeevne ville blive omtrent fordoblet hver 18. måned (uden stigning i strømforbruget). Moores lov er tæt forbundet med MOSFET-skaleringen, da den hurtige skalering og miniaturisering af MOSFET'er er den vigtigste drivkraft bag Moores lov. Matematisk set forudsagde Moores lov, at antallet af transistorer ville fordobles hvert andet år på grund af de mindre transistordimensioner og andre forbedringer. Som følge af de mindre dimensioner forudsagde Dennards skalering, at strømforbruget pr. arealenhed ville forblive konstant. Ved at kombinere disse virkninger udledte David House, at computerchips' ydeevne ville blive fordoblet ca. hver 18. måned. På grund af Dennard-skaleringen ville denne øgede ydeevne heller ikke blive ledsaget af øget effekt, dvs. at energieffektiviteten af siliciumbaserede computerchips omtrent fordobles hver 18. måned. Dennard-skaleringen ophørte i 2000'erne. Koomey viste senere, at en lignende effektivitetsforbedring fandt sted før siliciumchips og Moores lov for teknologier som f.eks. vakuumrør. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eksempel:_Tidlig_bærbar_computer_vs._en_moderne_smartphone"><span id="Eksempel:_Tidlig_b.C3.A6rbar_computer_vs._en_moderne_smartphone"></span>Eksempel: Tidlig bærbar computer vs. en moderne smartphone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksempel: Tidlig bærbar computer vs. en moderne smartphone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Eksempel: Tidlig bærbar computer vs. en moderne smartphone"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En bærbar Osborne Executive-computer fra 1982 med en Zilog Z80 4 MHz CPU og en <a href="/wiki/Apple_iPhone" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple iPhone">Apple iPhone</a> fra 2007 med en 412 MHz ARM11 <a href="/wiki/CPU" title="CPU">CPU</a>; Executive-computeren vejer 100 gange så meget, har næsten 500 gange så meget volumen, koster ca. 10 gange så meget som smartphonen efter inflationsjustering og har 1/103 af clockfrekvensen.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden december 2021)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Arkitekter af mikroprocessorer rapporterer, at siden omkring 2010 er udviklingen af halvledere i hele industrien blevet langsommere end det tempo, der var forudsagt i Moores lov. Brian Krzanich, tidligere administrerende direktør for Intel, citerede Moores 1975-revisionen som præcedens for den nuværende opbremsning, der skyldes tekniske udfordringer og er "en naturlig del af Moores lovs historie" Forbedringstakten i fysiske dimensioner, kendt som Dennard-skaleringen, ophørte også i midten af 2000'erne. Som følge heraf har en stor del af halvlederindustrien skiftet fokus til at fokusere på behovene for større computerapplikationer frem for halvlederskalering. Ikke desto mindre har de førende halvlederproducenter TSMC og Samsung Electronics hævdet at holde trit med Moores lov med 10 nm- og 7 nm-noder i masseproduktion og 5 nm-noder i risikoproduktion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moores_1._lov">Moores 1. lov</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Moores 1. lov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Moores 1. lov"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png/440px-Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png/660px-Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png/880px-Moore%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png 2x" data-file-width="3133" data-file-height="2318" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Enkeltlogaritmisk_papir" title="Enkeltlogaritmisk papir">Enkeltlogaritmisk</a> grafisk afbildning af udviklingen af antallet af transistorer og elektriske komponenter i et kredsløb (en chip) i perioden fra 1970 til 2020.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Moores lov</b> siger, at antallet af <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistorer</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_komponent" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrisk komponent">komponenter</a>, alt efter fortolkning, i et integreret kredsløb vil fordobles hver 18. måned. Moores <a href="/wiki/Lov_(naturvidenskab)" title="Lov (naturvidenskab)">lov</a> blev første gang omtalt/citeret af professor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carver_Andress_Mead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carver Andress Mead (ikke skrevet endnu)">Carver Andress Mead</a> omkring <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>. Professor Carver definerede Moores lov ud fra et citat fra Electronics Magazine i 1965, hvor <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Earle Moore</a> giver sit bud på fremtiden: </p> <table style="margin:1em 3em 1em 3em; ;clear:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;" rowspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Citat"><img alt="Citat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/30px-Cquote2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/45px-Cquote2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/60px-Cquote2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></span></span> </td> <td style="font-family: Bookman Old Style, Book Antiqua, Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-style:italic; padding-top:1em;">”The complexity for minimum component costs has increased at a rate of roughly a factor of two per year (see graph on next page). Certainly over the short term this rate can be expected to continue, if not to increase. Over the longer term, the rate of increase is a bit more uncertain, although there is no reason to believe it will not remain nearly constant for at least 10 years. That means by 1975, the number of components per integrated circuit for minimum cost will be 65,000. </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Citat"><img alt="Citat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/30px-Cquote1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/45px-Cquote1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/60px-Cquote1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right; padding-top:1em;" colspan="3">Gordon E. Moore i Electronics Magazine, d. <a href="/wiki/19._april" title="19. april">19. april</a> <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Gordon E. Moore er medstifter af <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, en af markedets førende chipproducenter, både i dag og for 40 år siden. Men i dag er han mere eller mindre en legende pga. sin forudsigelse i <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a>. I første omgang var hans udtalelse til Electronics Magazine ikke nogen bestemt lov, dette blev den imidlertid, da professor Carver begyndte at citere den som værende en lov om fremtiden. I 1975, da Moores forudsigelse fra 1965 stadig holdt stik, gik Moore ud og forudsagde, at udviklingen ville fortsætte. Men de fleste holder stadig fast i, at Moores lov blev skabt under interviewet til Electronics Magazine i 1965. </p><p>I april <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a> udlovede Intel en dusør på 10.000 USD for original kopi af Electronics Magazine fra 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dette skyldes 40-årsdagen for Moores lov. Dusøren gik til en engelsk ingeniør, David Clark, der havde gemt magasinet under gulvbrædderne.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moores lov bliver ofte omtalt som værende en fordobling i antallet af transistorer hver 18. måned og ikke hver 24. måned, som Moore selv siger, han har sagt. Men taget citatet fra Electronics Magazine i betragtning, lyder det mest af alt som en uskyldig fejlcitering, der er gået hen og blevet til en generel opfattelse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moores_2._lov">Moores 2. lov</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Moores 2. lov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Moores 2. lov"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Rock's lov</b> eller <b>Moore's anden lov</b>, opkaldt efter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Rock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Rock (ikke skrevet endnu)">Arthur Rock</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a>, anfører, at omkostningerne ved opførelsen af en fabrik til fremstilling af <a href="/wiki/Halvleder-mikrochip" title="Halvleder-mikrochip">Halvleder-mikrochips</a> fordobles hvert fjerde år.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I 2015 havde prisen allerede nået op på ca 14 milliarder US dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rock's lov kan anses som den økonomiske bagside af Moores (første) lov – nemlig at antallet af transistorer i et integreret kredsløb fordobles hver andet år. Det sidste er en direkte konsekvens af den vedvarende vækst i den kapitalintensive halvleder industri; innovative og populære produkter giver mere profit, der igen betyder mere tilgængelig kapital til investeringer i endnu højere niveauer af stor-skala integrerede kredsløb, som igen betyder udformningen af endnu mere innovative produkter. </p><p>Halvlederindustrien har altid været ekstrem kapitalintensiv med konstant faldende produktionsomkostninger per enhed. Derfor vil industriens <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A6nser_for_v%C3%A6kst" title="Grænser for vækst">grænser for vækst</a> begrænse den maksimale kapital, der kan investeres i nye produkter; på et tidspunkt vil Rocks lov derfor kollidere med Moores lov.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det er blevet anført, at produktionsomkostningerne ikke er steget så hurtigt som forudsagt med Rocks lov - faktisk fladet ud i de sene 1990'ere <sup id="cite_ref-Ross03_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ross03-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – og også at fabriksanlægsomkostningerne "per transistor" (som har udvist en tydelig nedadgående tendens<sup id="cite_ref-Ross03_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ross03-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), kan være mere relevant som en begrænsning af Moores lov. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konsekvenser">Konsekvenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Konsekvenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Konsekvenser"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digital elektronik har bidraget til verdens økonomiske vækst i slutningen af 1900-tallet og starten af 2000'erne.<sup id="cite_ref-Rauch_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rauch-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den primære drivkraft for økonomisk vækst er væksten i <a href="/wiki/Produktivitet" title="Produktivitet">produktivitet</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kendrick_1961_3_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kendrick_1961_3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og Moores lov-faktorer i produktivitet. I 1995 forventede Moore at "graden af teknologisk fremgang vil blive kontrolleret af finansielle realiteter".<sup id="cite_ref-Moore1995_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore1995-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det modsatte kunne ske og skete i slutningen af 1900'erne, men økonomer rapporterede at "vækst i produktiviteten er vigtig økonomisk indikator for <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Jorgenson01_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jorgenson01-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moores lov beskriver drivkrafterne i teknologisk og social udvikling, produktivitet og vækst.<sup id="cite_ref-Keyes_2006_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keyes_2006-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Liddle_2006_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liddle_2006-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kendrick_1961_3_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kendrick_1961_3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En acceleration i graden af halvledere resulterede i et opsving i produktiviteten i USA,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> der nåede 3,4% om året i perioden 1997–2004, hvilket var markant bedre end de 1,6% pr. år som landet oplevede både i perioden 1972–1996 og 2005–2013.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Som økonomen Richard G. Anderson noterede, "Adskillige studier har sporet årsagen til en acceleration i produktiviteten til teknologiske innovationer i produktionen af halvledere, der reducerede prisen voldsom på denne type komponenter og på produkterne der indeholder dem (samt kapaciteten og evnerne ved disse produkter)."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De primære negative indvirkninger ved Morres lov at <a href="/wiki/For%C3%A6ldelse" title="Forældelse">forældelse</a> skubber samfundet op imod <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A6nser_for_v%C3%A6kst" title="Grænser for vækst">grænserne for vækst</a>. I takt med at teknologier fortsat bliver "forbedrede" i høj hastighed, gør det de tidligere teknologier forældede og overflødige. I situationer hvor sikkerhed og overlevelsesevnen i <a href="/wiki/Hardware" title="Hardware">hardware</a> eller data er altafgørende eller hvor ressourcer er begrænsede er hurtig forældelse en forhindring mod nem og fortsatte drift.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Som følge af det intensive ressourcefodtryk og giftige materialer der bruges i produktionen af computere leder forældelse til stor skade for miljøet. Hver dag bliver der smidt omkring 400.000 mobiltelefoner ud i USA,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> men denne høje grad af forældelse bliver af mange virksomheder opfattet som en mulighed for at generere regelmæssig salg af dyrt elektronik, i stedet for at beholde ét apparater over en længere periode, hvilket får industrien til at indbygge <a href="/wiki/Planlagt_for%C3%A6ldelse" title="Planlagt forældelse">planlagt forældelse</a> som som en integreret del af deres forretningsmodel.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Intel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Log-log plot comparing gate length to node size" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Intel.svg/220px-Intel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Intel.svg/330px-Intel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Intel.svg/440px-Intel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><b>Intel transistor gate length trend</b> – transistorskalering er bremset voldsomt i udvikling (mindre enheder)</figcaption></figure> <p>En alternativ kilde til forbedret ydeevne er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroarkitektur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikroarkitektur (ikke skrevet endnu)">mikroarkitektur</a>-teknikker, der udnytter væksten i tilgængelige transistorer. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksekvering_uden_for_r%C3%A6kkef%C3%B8lge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksekvering uden for rækkefølge (ikke skrevet endnu)">Eksekvering uden for rækkefølge</a> og on-chip <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU_cache&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPU cache (ikke skrevet endnu)">caching</a> og prefetching reducerer hukommelseslatensperioden, der kan være en flaskehals på bekostning af at bruge flere transistorer og øge processorkompleksisteten. Denne forbedring bliver beskrevet empirisk af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pollacks_regel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pollacks regel (ikke skrevet endnu)">Pollacks regel</a>, der beskriver at ydeevnen stiger som følge af mikroarkitekturteknikker svarende nogenlunde til kvadratroden af kompleksiteten (antallet af transistorer eller området) af en processor.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencer">Referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moores_lov&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/intel-offers-10000-for-moores-law-magazine/">Intel offers $10,000 for Moore's Law magazine | ZDNet</a> hentet 28. november 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4472549.stm">BBC NEWS | Technology | Moore's Law original issue found</a> hentet 28. november 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171120175509/http://www.iesaonline.org/aboutus/faq_pg3.html">"FAQs"</a>. 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